Vine's Expository Dictionary of NT Words

P

Pain — Plant

Pain

A — 1: πόνος
(Strong's #4192 — Noun Masculine — ponos — pon'-os )

is translated "pain" in Revelation 16:10 ; Revelation 21:4 ; "pains" in Revelation 16:11 . See LABOR.

A — 2: ὠδίν
(Strong's #5604 — Noun Feminine — odin — o-deen' )

"a birth pang, travail pain," is rendered "travail," metaphorically, in Matthew 24:8 ; Mark 13:8 , RV (AV, "sorrows"); by way of comparison, in 1 Thessalonians 5:3 ; translated "pains (of death)," Acts 2:24 (RV, "pangs"). See SORROW , TRAVAIL. Cp. odino, "to travail in birth."

B — 1: βασανίζω
(Strong's #928 — Verb — basanizo — bas-an-id'-zo )

primarily signifies "to rub on the touchstone, to put to the test" (from basanos, "a touchstone," a dark stone used in testing metals); hence, "to examine by torture," and, in general, "to distress;" in Revelation 12:2 , "in pain," RV (AV, "pained"), in connection with parturition. See TORMENT. (In the Sept., 1 Samuel 5:3 .).

Note: For Romans 8:22 , "travaileth in pain together," see TRAVAIL.

Painfulness

* For PAINFULNESS (2 Corinthians 11:27 , AV) see TRAVAIL

Pair

1: ζεῦγος
(Strong's #2201 — Noun Neuter — zeugos — dzyoo'-gos )

"a yoke" (akin to zeugnumi, "to yoke"), is used (a) of beasts, Luke 14:19 ; (b) of a pair of anything; in Luke 2:24 , of turtledoves. See YOKE.

Note: In Revelation 6:5 , AV, zugos, a yoke (akin to zeugos), is translated "a pair of balances" (RV, "a balance"). See BALANCE , YOKE.

Palace

1: αὐλή
(Strong's #833 — Noun Feminine — aule — ow-lay' )

"a court, dwelling, palace:" see COURT.

2: πραιτώριον
(Strong's #4232 — Noun Neuter — praitorion — prahee-to'-ree-on )

signified originally "a general's (praetor's) tent." Then it was applied to "the council of army officers;" then to "the official residence of the governor of a province;" finally, to "the imperial bodyguard." In the AV the word appears only once, Mark 15:16 , "the hall, called Praetorium" (RV, "within the court which is the Praetorium," marg., "palace"); in the Greek of the NT is also occurs in Matthew 27:27 , AV, "the common hall," marg., "the governor's house;" RV, "palace," see marg.; John 18:28 (twice), AV, "the hall of judgment;" and "judgment hall," marg., "Pilate's house," RV, "palace," see marg.; so in Acts 23:35 ; in Philippians 1:13 , AV, "in all the palace," marg., "Caesar's court," RV, "throughout the whole praetorian guard," marg., "in the whole Praetorium."

"In the Gospels the term denotes the official residence in Jerusalem of the Roman governor, and the various translations of it in our versions arose from a desire either to indicate the special purpose for which that residence was used on the occasion in question, or to explain what particular building was intended. But whatever building the governor occupied was the Praetorium. It is most probable that in Jerusalem he resided in the well-known palace of Herod. ... Pilate's residence has been identified with the castle of Antonia, which was occupied by the regular garrison. The probability is that it was the same as Herod's palace. Herod's palace in Caesarea was used as the Praetorium there, and the expression in Acts 23:35 , marg., 'Herod's praetorium,' is abbreviated from 'the praetorium of Herod's palace.'" (Hastings' Bib. Dic.).

In Philippians 1:13 , marg., "the whole Praetorium" has been variously explained. It has been spoken of as "the palace," in connection with Philippians 4:22 , where allusion is made to believers who belong to Caesar's household. Others have understood it of the barracks of the "praetorian" guard, but Lightfoot shows that this use of the word cannot be established, neither can it be regarded as referring to the barracks of the "palace" guard. The phrase "and to all the rest" in Philippians 1:13 indicates that persons are meant. Mommsen, followed by Ramsay (St. Paul the Traveller, p. 357) regards it as improbable that the Apostle was committed to the "praetorian" guard and holds the view that Julius the centurion, who brought Paul to Rome, belonged to a corps drafted from legions in the provinces, whose duty it was to supervise the corn supply and perform police service, and that Julius probably delivered his prisoners to the commander of his corps. Eventually Paul's case came before the praetorian council, which is the "praetorium" alluded to by the Apostle, and the phrase "to all the rest" refers to the audience of the trial.

Note: Some scholars, believing that this Epistle was written during an Ephesian imprisonment, take the "Praetorium" here to be the residence in Ephesus of the proconsul of the province of Asia, and "Caesar's household" to be the local imperial civil service (Deissmann etc.).

Pale

1: χλωρός
(Strong's #5515 — Adjective — chloros — khlo-ros' )

"pale green," is translated "pale" (of a horse) in Revelation 6:8 , symbolizing death. See GREEN.

Palm

* Note: For rhapizo, "to strike with a rod or with the palm of the hand," Matthew 26:67 (cp. 5:39), see SMITE. For rhapisma, "a blow," with didomi, "to give," translated "did strike (and, struck) ... with the palm of his hand" (AV, in Mark 14:65 ; John 18:22 ), see BLOW.

Palsy

A — 1: παραλυτικός
(Strong's #3885 — Adjective — paralutikos — par-al-oo-tee-kos' )

"paralytic, sick of the palsy," is found in Matthew 4:24 (RV, "palsied"); 8:6; 9:2 (twice),6; Mark 2:3, 4, 5, 9, 10 ; in some mss. Luke 5:24 (see B).

B — 1: παραλύω
(Strong's #3886 — Verb — paraluo — par-al-oo'-o )

lit., "to loose from the side," hence, "to set free," is used in the Passive Voice of "being enfeebled by a paralytic stroke, palsied," Luke 5:18 , RV, "palsied" (AV, "taken with a palsy"); Luke 5:24 (ditto), in the best mss.; Acts 8:7 (ditto); 9:33, RV, "he was palsied" (AV, "was sick of the palsy"); Hebrews 12:12 , RV, "palsied (knees)," AV, "feeble." See FEEBLE.

Pangs

* For PANGS, Acts 2:24 , RV, see PAIN

Paper

1: χάρτης
(Strong's #5489 — Noun Masculine — chartes — khar'-tace )

"a sheet of paper made of strips of papyrus" (whence Eng., "paper"), Eng., "chart," "charter," etc.; the word is used in 2 John 1:12 . The papyrus reed grew in ancient times in great profusion in the Nile and was used as a material for writing. From Egypt its use spread to other countries and it was the universal material for writing in general in Greece and Italy during the most flourishing periods of their literature.

The pith of the stem of the plant was cut into thin strips, placed side by side to form a sheath. Another layer was laid upon this at right angles to it. The two layers were united by moisture and pressure and frequently with the addition of glue. The sheets, after being dried and polished, were ready for use. Normally, the writing is on that side of the papyrus on which the fibers lie horizontally, parallel to the length of the roll, but where the material was scarce the writer used the other side also (cp. Revelation 5:1 ). Papyrus continued to be used until the seventh cent., A.D., when the conquest of Egypt by the Arabs led to the disuse of the material for literary purposes and the use of vellum till the 12th century.

Paps

* For PAPS see BREAST

Parable

1: παραβολή
(Strong's #3850 — Noun Feminine — parabole — par-ab-ol-ay' )

lit. denotes "a placing beside" (akin to paraballo, "to throw" or "lay beside, to compare"). It signifies "a placing of one thing beside another" with a view to comparison (some consider that the thought of comparison is not necessarily contained in the word). In the NT it is found outside the Gospels, only in Hebrews 9:9 ; Hebrews 11:19 . It is generally used of a somewhat lengthy utterance or narrative drawn from nature or human circumstances, the object of which is to set forth a spiritual lesson, e.g., those in Matthew 13 and Synoptic parallels; sometimes it is used of a short saying or proverb, e.g., Matthew 15:15 ; Mark 3:23 ; Mark 7:17 ; Luke 4:23 ; Luke 5:36 ; Luke 6:39 . It is the lesson that is of value; the hearer must catch the analogy if he is to be instructed (this is true also of a proverb). Such a narrative or saying, dealing with earthly things with a spiritual meaning, is distinct from a fable, which attributes to things what does not belong to them in nature.

Christ's "parables" most frequently convey truths connected with the subject of the kingdom of God. His withholding the meaning from His hearers as He did from the multitudes, Matthew 13:34 , was a Divine judgment upon the unworthy.

Two dangers are to be avoided in seeking to interpret the "parables" in Scripture, that of ignoring the important features, and that of trying to make all the details mean something.

2: παροιμία
(Strong's #3942 — Noun Feminine — paroima — par-oy-mee'-ah )

denotes "a wayside saying" (from paroimos, "by the way"), "a byword," "maxim," or "problem," 2 Peter 2:22 . The word is sometimes spoken of as a "parable," John 10:6 , i.e., a figurative discourse (RV marg., "proverb"); see also John 16:25, 29 , where the word is rendered "proverbs" (marg. "parables") and "proverb."

Paradise

1: παράδεισος
(Strong's #3857 — Noun Masculine — paradeisos — par-ad'-i-sos )

is an Oriental word, first used by the historian Xenophon, denoting "the parks of Perisian kings and nobles." It is of Persian origin (Old Pers. pairidaeza, akin to Gk. peri, "around," and teichos, "a wall") whence it passed into Greek. See the Sept., e.g., in Nehemiah 2:8 ; Ecclesiastes 2:5 ; Song of Song of Solomon 4:13 . The Sept. translators used it of the garden of Eden, Genesis 2:8 , and in other respects, e.g., Numbers 24:6 ; Isaiah 1:30 ; Jeremiah 29:5 ; Ezekiel 31:8, 9 .

In Luke 23:43 , the promise of the Lord to the repentant robber was fulfilled the same day; Christ, at His death, having committed His spirit to the Father, went in spirit immediately into Heaven itself, the dwelling place of God (the Lord's mention of the place as "paradise" must have been a great comfort to the malefactor; to the oriental mind it expressed the sum total of blessedness). Thither the Apostle Paul was caught up, 2 Corinthians 12:4 , spoken of as "the third heaven" (ver. 3 does not introduce a different vision), beyond the heavens of the natural creation (see Hebrews 4:14 , RV , with reference to the Ascension). The same region is mentioned in Revelation 2:7 , where the "tree of life," the figurative antitype of that in Eden, held out to the overcomer, is spoken of as being in "the Paradise of God" (RV), marg., "garden," as in Genesis 2:8 .

Parcel

* For PARCEL see GROUND , No. 4

Parchment

1: μεμβράνα
(Strong's #3200 — Noun Feminine — membrana — mem-bran'-ah )

is a Latin word, properly an adjective, from membrum, "a limb," but denoting "skin, parchment." The Eng. word "parchment" is a form of pergamena, an adjective signifying "of Pergamum," the city in Asia Minor where "parchment" was either invented or brought into use. The word membrana is found in 2 Timothy 4:13 , where Timothy is asked to bring to the Apostle "the books, especially the parchments." The writing material was prepared from the skin of the sheep or goat. The skins were first soaked in lime for the purpose of removing the hair, and then shaved, washed, dried, stretched and ground or smoothed with fine chalk or lime and pumice stone. The finest kind is called "vellum," and is made from the skins of calves or kids.

Parents

1: γονεύς
(Strong's #1118 — Noun Masculine — goneus — gon-yooce' )

"a begetter, a father" (akin to ginomai, "to come into being, become"), is used in the plural in the NT, Matthew 10:21 ; Mark 13:12 ; six times in Luke (in Luke 2:43 , RV, "His parents," AV, "Joseph and His mother"); six in John; elsewhere, Romans 1:30 ; 2 Corinthians 12:14 (twice); Ephesians 6:1 ; Colossians 3:20 ; 2 Timothy 3:2 .

2: πρόγονος
(Strong's #4269 — Adjective — progonos — prog'-on-os )

an adjective signifying "born before" (pro, before, and ginomai, see No. 1), is used as a noun, in the plural, (a) of ancestors, "forefathers," 2 Timothy 1:3 ; (b) of living "parents," 1 Timothy 5:4 . See FOREFATHER.

3: πατήρ
(Strong's #3962 — Noun Masculine — pater — pat-ayr' )

"a father," is used in Hebrews 11:23 , in the plural, of both father and mother, the "parents" of Moses. See FATHER.

Part

A — 1: μέρος
(Strong's #3313 — Noun Neuter — meros — mer'-os )

denotes (a) "a part, portion," of the whole, e.g., John 13:8 ; Revelation 20:6 ; Revelation 22:19 ; hence, "a lot" or "destiny," e.g., Revelation 21:8 ; in Matthew 24:51 ; Luke 12:46 , "portion;" (b) "a part" as opposite to the whole, e.g., Luke 11:36 ; John 19:23 ; John 21:6 , "side;" Acts 5:2 ; Acts 23:6 ; Ephesians 4:16 ; Revelation 16:19 ; a party, Acts 23:9 ; the divisions of a province, e.g., Matthew 2:22 ; Acts 2:10 ; the regions belonging to a city, e.g., Matthew 15:21 , RV, "parts" (AV, "coasts"); Matthew 16:13 (ditto); Mark 8:10 , AV and RV, "parts;" "the lower parts of the earth," Ephesians 4:9 ; this phrase means the regions beneath the earth (see LOWER , A, No. 1); (c) "a class," or "category" (with en, in, "in respect of"), Colossians 2:16 ; "in this respect," 2 Corinthians 3:10 ; 2 Corinthians 9:3 , RV (AV, "in this behalf"). See BEHALF , COAST , CRAFT , PIECE , PORTION , RESPECT.

A — 2: μερίς
(Strong's #3310 — Noun Feminine — meris — mer-ece' )

denotes (a) "a part" or "portion," Luke 10:42 ; Acts 8:21 ; 2 Corinthians 6:15 (RV, "portion"); in Colossians 1:12 , "partakers," lit., "unto the part of;" (b) "a district" or "division," Acts 16:12 , RV, "district" (AV, "part"). See DISTRICT , PARTAKER.

A — 3: κλίμα
(Strong's #2824 — Noun Neuter — klima — klee'-mah )

primarily "an incline, slope" (Eng., "clime, climate"), is used of "a region," Romans 15:23 , AV, "parts" (RV, "regions"); 2 Corinthians 11:10 , AV and RV, "regions;" Galatians 1:21 (ditto). See REGION.

A — 4: ἔσχατος
(Strong's #2078 — Adjective — eschatos — es'-khat-os )

an adjective signifying "last, utmost, extreme," is often used as a noun; in Acts 13:47 , RV, "uttermost part" (AV, "ends"). See END , LAST , LOWEST , UTTERMOST.

A — 5: τόπος
(Strong's #5117 — Noun Masculine — topos — top'-os )

"a place," is translated "parts" in Acts 16:3 , RV (AV, "quarters"). See PLACE , etc. The plural of the article, followed first by the particle men, "indeed," and then by de, "but," is translated "part ... and part" in Acts 14:4 .

A — 6: πέρας
(Strong's #4009 — Noun Neuter — peras — per'-as )

"an end, boundary," is translated "utmost parts" in the AV of Matthew 12:42 ; Luke 11:31 . See END , A, No. 3.

Notes: (1) Meros is used with certain perpositions in adverbial phrases, (a) with ana, used distributively, 1 Corinthians 14:27 , "in turn," RV, AV, "by course;" (b) with kata, "according to," Hebrews 9:5 , RV, "severally" (AV, "particularly"); (c) with apo, "from," "in part," Romans 11:25 ; 2 Corinthians 1:14 ; 2 Corinthians 2:5 (see also MEASURE); (d) with ek, "from," 1 Corinthians 13:9, 10, 12 ; in 1 Corinthians 12:27 , RV , "severally," marg., "each in his part" (AV, "in particular"). (2) In Mark 4:38 ; Acts 27:41 , AV, prumna, "a stern," is translated "hinder part" (RV, "stern"). (3) In Acts 1:17 , AV, kleros, "a lot," is translated "part" (RV, "portion;" marg., "lot"), of that portion allotted to Judas in the ministry of the Twelve. See INHERITANCE , LOT. (4) In Acts 1:25 , where the best mss. have topos, "a place," RV, "(to take) the place (in this ministry)," some texts have kleros, which the AV translates "part." (5) In Mark 9:40 , AV, the preposition huper, "on behalf of," is translated "on (our) part," RV, "for (us)." (6) In 1 Peter 4:14 , AV, "on (their) part," "on (your) part," represents the preposition kata, "according to," followed by the personal pronouns; the statements are not found in the most authentic mss. (7) In Acts 9:32 , AV, the phrase dia panton, lit., "through all," is rendered "throughout all quarters" (RV, "throughout all parts"). (8) In 1 Corinthians 12:23 , the RV has "parts" for "members;" AV and RV have "parts" in the end of the verse; see also 1 Corinthians 12:24 . (9) In 2 Corinthians 10:16 , the RV translates the neuter plural of the article "the parts" (AV, "the regions"). (10) For "inward part" see INWARD.

B — 1: μερίζω
(Strong's #3307 — Verb — merizo — mer-id'-zo )

"to divide, to distribute" (akin to A, No. 1), is translated "divided (AV, gave) a ... part" in Hebrews 7:2 , RV. See DEAL.

B — 2: μετέχω
(Strong's #3348 — Verb — metecho — met-ekh'-o )

"to partake of, share in," Hebrews 2:14 : see PARTAKE.

B — 3: παραγίνομαι
(Strong's #3854 — Verb — paraginomai — par-ag-in'-om-ahee )

"to be beside, support" (para, "beside," ginomai, "to become"), is rendered "took (my) part" in 2 Timothy 4:16 (AV, "stood with"); some mss. have sunparaginomai. See COME , No. 13, GO, PRESENT (to be).

Notes: (1) In Revelation 6:8 , tetartos, "a fourth," is rendered "the fourth part." (2) See GREATER , HINDER , INWARD , MORE , TENTH , THIRD , UTMOST, UTTERMOST.

Partake, Partaker

A — 1: κοινωνός
(Strong's #2844 — Noun Masculine — koinonos — koy-no-nos' )

an adjective, signifying "having in common" (koinos, "common"), is used as a noun, denoting "a companion, partner, partaker," translated "partakers" in Matthew 23:30 ; 1 Corinthians 10:18 , AV (see COMMUNION , B); 2 Corinthians 1:7 ; Hebrews 10:33 , RV (see COMPANION , No. 2); 2 Peter 1:4 ; "partaker" in 1 Peter 5:1 . See PARTNER.

A — 2: συγκοινωνός
(Strong's #4791 — Noun Masculine — sunkoinonos — soong-koy-no-nos' )

denotes "partaking jointly with" (sun, and No. 1), Romans 11:17 , RV, "(didst become) partaker with them" (AV, "partakest"); 1 Corinthians 9:23 , RV, "a joint partaker," i.e., with the Gospel, as cooperating in its activity; the AV misplaces the "with" by attaching it to the superfluous italicized pronoun "you;" Philippians 1:7 , "partakers with (me of grace)," RV, and AV marg.; not as AV text, "partakers (of my grace);" Revelation 1:9 , "partaker with (you in the tribulation, etc.)," AV, "companion." See COMPANION.

A — 3: μέτοχος
(Strong's #3353 — Adjective — metochos — met'-okh-os )

see FELLOW , No. 3, PARTNER.

A — 4: συμμέτοχος
(Strong's #4830 — Adjective — summetochos — soom-met'-okh-os )

"partaking together with" (sun, "with," and No. 3), is used as a noun, a joint partaker, Ephesians 3:6 , RV, "fellow partakers" (AV, "partakers"); in Ephesians 5:7 , RV and AV, "partakers."

Notes: (1) For antilambano, "to partake of," rendered "partakers" in 1 Timothy 6:2 , AV, see B, No. 4. (2) For the phrase "to be partakers," Colossians 1:12 , see PART , A, No. 2.

B — 1: κοινωνέω
(Strong's #2841 — Verb — koinoneo — koy-no-neh'-o )

"to have a share of, to share with, take part in" (akin to A, No. 1), is translated "to be partaker of" in 1 Timothy 5:22 ; Hebrews 2:14 (1st part), AV, "are partakers of," RV, "are sharers in" (for the 2nd part see No. 3); 1 Peter 4:13 ; 2 John 1:11 , RV, "partaketh in" (AV, "is partaker of"); in the Passive Voice in Romans 15:27 . See COMMUNICATE , DISTRIBUTE.

B — 2: συγκοινωνέω
(Strong's #4790 — Verb — sunkoinoneo — soong-koy-no-neh'-o )

see FELLOWSHIP , B, No. 2.

B — 3: μετέχω
(Strong's #3348 — Verb — metecho — met-ekh'-o )

"to partake of, share in" (meta, "with," echo, "to have"), akin to A, No. 3, is translated "of partaking" in 1 Corinthians 9:10 , RV (AV, "be partaker of"); "partake of" in 1 Corinthians 9:12 , RV (AV, "be partakers of"); so in 1 Corinthians 10:17, 21 ; in 1 Corinthians 10:30 "partake;" in Hebrews 2:14 , the AV "took part of" is awkard; Christ "partook of" flesh and blood, RV; cp. No. 1 in this verse; in Hebrews 5:13 , metaphorically, of receiving elementary spiritual teaching, RV, "partaketh of (milk)," AV, "useth;" in Hebrews 7:13 , it is said of Christ (the antitype of Melchizedek) as "belonging to" (so RV) or "partaking of" (RV marg.) another tribe than that of Levi (AV, "pertaineth to"). See PERTAIN, USE. See PARTNER , Note.

B — 4: ἀντιλαμβάνω
(Strong's #482 — Verb — antilambano — an-tee-lam-ban'-om-ahee )

"to take hold of, to lay hold of" something before one, has the meaning "to partake of" in 1 Timothy 6:2 , RV, "partake of," marg., "lay hold of," AV, "are ... partakers of" (anti, "in return for," lambano, "to take or receive"); the benefit mentioned as "partaken" of by the masters would seem to be the improved quality of the service rendered; the benefit of redemption is not in view here. See HELP.

B — 5: μεταλαμβάνω
(Strong's #3335 — Verb — metalambano — met-al-am-ban'-o )

"to have, or get, a share of," is translated "to be partaker (or partakers) of" in 2 Timothy 2:6 ; Hebrews 12:10 . See EAT , HAVE , RECEIVE , TAKE.

B — 6: συμμερίζω
(Strong's #4829 — Verb — summerizo — soom-mer-id'-zom-ahee )

primarily, "to distribute in shares" (sun, "with," meros, "a part"), in the Middle Voice, "to have a share in," is used in 1 Corinthians 9:13 , AV, "are partakers with (the altar)," RV, "have their portion with," i.e., they feed with others on that which, having been sacrificed, has been placed upon an altar; so the believer feeds upon Christ (who is the altar in Hebrews 13:10 ).

Partial, Partiality

A — 1: διακρίνω
(Strong's #1252 — Verb — diakrino — dee-ak-ree'-no )

"to separate, distinguish, discern, judge, decide" (dia, "asunder," krino, "to judge"), also came to mean "to be divided in one's mind, to hesitate, doubt," and had this significance in Hellenistic Greek (though not so found in the Sept.). For the AV, "are ye (not) partial" in James 2:4 , see DIVIDE , No. 4. "'This meaning seems to have had its beginning in near proximity to Christianity.' It arises very naturally out of the general sense of making distinctions" (Moulton and Milligan).

B — 1: πρόσκλισις
(Strong's #4346 — Noun Feminine — prosklisis — pros'-klis-is )

denotes "inclination" (pros, "towards," klino, "to lean"); it is used with kata in 1 Timothy 5:21 , lit., "according to partiality."

C — 1: ἀδιάκριτος
(Strong's #87 — Adjective — adiakritos — ad-ee-ak'-ree-tos )

primarily signifies "not to be parted" (a, negative, and an adjectival form akin to A), hence, "without uncertainty," or "indecision," James 3:17 , AV, "without partiality" (marg. "wrangling"), RV, "without variance" (marg., "Or, doubtfulness Or, partiality"). See VARIANCE. In the Sept., Proverbs 25:1 .

Particular and Particularly

* For PARTICULAR and PARTICULARLY see EVERY , No. 3, SEVERALLY Note: In Acts 21:19 , for the AV "particularly" the RV has "one by one," translating the phrase. lit., "according to each one."

Parting

* For PARTING see HIGHWAY

Partition

1: φραγμός
(Strong's #5418 — Noun Masculine — phragmos — frag-mos' )

primarily "a fencing in" (akin to phrasso, "to fence in, stop, close"), is used metaphorically in Ephesians 2:14 , of "the middle wall of partition;" "the partition" is epexegetic of "the middle wall," namely, the "partition" between Jew and Gentile. J. A. Robinson suggests that Paul had in mind the barrier between the outer and inner courts of the Temple, notices fixed to which warned Gentiles not to proceed further on pain of death (see Josephus, Antiq. xv. 11. 5; B. J. v. 5. 2; vi. 2. 4; cp. Acts 21:29 ). See HEDGE.

Partly

* Notes: (1) In the statement "I partly believe it," 1 Corinthians 11:18 , "partly" represents the phrase "meros (part) ti (some)," used adverbially, i.e., "in some part," "in some measure," (2) In Hebrews 10:33 , "partly ... partly" is a translation of the antithetic phrases "touto men," ("this indeed,") and "touto de," ("but this,"), i.e., "on the one hand ... and on the other hand."

Partner

1: κοινωνός
(Strong's #2844 — Noun Masculine — koinonos — koy-no-nos' )

an adjective, signifying "having in common" (koinos), is used as a noun, "partners" in Luke 5:10 , "partner" in 2 Corinthians 8:23 ; Philemon 1:17 (in spiritual life and business). See COMMUNION , B, COMPANION , No. 2, PARTAKER.

2: μέτοχος
(Strong's #3353 — Adjective — metochos — met'-okh-os )

an adjective, signifying "having with, sharing," is used as a noun, "partners" in Luke 5:7 . See FELLOW , PARTAKER.

Note: Koinonos stresses the fact of having something in common, metochos, "the fact of sharing;" the latter is less thorough in effect than the former.

Pass, Come to Pass

1: παρέρχομαι
(Strong's #3928 — Verb — parerchomai — par-er'-khom-ahee )

from para, "by," erchomai, "to come" or "go," denotes (I), literally, "to pass, pass by," (a) of persons, Matthew 8:28 ; Mark 6:48 ; Luke 18:37 ; Acts 16:8 ; (b) of things, Matthew 26:39, 42 ; of time, Matthew 14:15 ; Mark 14:35 ; Acts 27:9 , AV, "past" (RV, "gone by"); 1 Peter 4:3 ; (II), metaphorically, (a) "to pass away, to perish," Matthew 5:18 ; Matthew 24:34, 35 ; Mark 13:30, 31 ; Luke 16:17 ; Luke 21:32, 33 ; 2 Corinthians 5:17 ; James 1:10 ; 2 Peter 3:10 ; (b) "to pass by, disregard, neglect, pass over," Luke 11:42 ; Luke 15:29 , "transgressed." For the meaning "to come forth or come," see Luke 12:37 ; Luke 17:7 , RV (Acts 24:7 in some mss.). See COME , No. 9.

2: διέρχομαι
(Strong's #1330 — Verb — dierchomai — dee-er'-khom-ahee )

denotes "to pass through or over," (a) of persons, e.g., Matthew 12:43 , RV, "passeth (AV, walketh) through;" Mark 4:35 , AV, "pass (RV, go) over;" Luke 19:1, 4 ; Hebrews 4:14 , RV, "passed through" (AV "into"); Christ "passed through" the created heavens to the throne of God; (b) of things, e.g., Matthew 19:24 , "to go through;" Luke 2:35 , "shall pierce through" (metaphorically of a sword). See COME , No. 5.

3: ἀπέρχομαι
(Strong's #565 — Verb — aperchomai — ap-erkh'-om-ahee )

"to go away," is rendered "to pass" in Revelation 9:12 ; Revelation 11:14 ; "passed away" in Revelation 21:4 . See DEPART , No. 4.

4: προέρχομαι
(Strong's #4281 — Verb — proerchomai — pro-er'-khom-ahee )

"to go forward," is translated "passed on" in Acts 12:10 . See GO.

5: ἀντιπαρέρχομαι
(Strong's #492 — Verb — antiparerchomai — an-tee-par-er'-khom-ahee )

denotes "to pass by opposite to" (anti, "over against," and No. 1), Luke 10:31, 32 .

6: διαβαίνω
(Strong's #1224 — Verb — diabaino — dee-ab-ah'ee-no )

"to step across, cross over," is translated "to pass" in Luke 16:26 (of "passing" across the fixed gulf: for the AV in the 2nd part of the ver., see No. 13); in Hebrews 11:29 , "passed through." See COME , No. 18.

7: μεταβαίνω
(Strong's #3327 — Verb — metabaino — met-ab-ah'ee-no )

"to pass over from one place to another" (meta, implying change), is translated "we have passed out of" (AV, "from") in 1 John 3:14 , RV, as to the change from death to life. See REMOVE , No. 1.

8: ἀναστρέφω
(Strong's #390 — Verb — anastrepho — an-as-tref'-o )

lit., "to turn back" (ana, "back," strepho, "to turn"), in the Middle Voice, "to conduct oneself, behave, live," is translated "pass (the time)" in 1 Peter 1:17 . See ABIDE , No. 8.

9: παράγω
(Strong's #3855 — Verb — parago — par-ag'-o )

"to pass by, pass away," in Matthew 9:9 , RV, "passed by" (AV, "forth"), is used in the Middle Voice in 1 John 2:8 , RV, "is passing away" (AV, "is past"), of the "passing" of spiritual darkness through the light of the Gospel, and in 1 John 2:17 of the world. See DEPART , No. 2.

10: παραπορεύομαι
(Strong's #3899 — Verb — paraporeuomai — par-ap-or-yoo'-om-ahee )

primarily, "to go beside, accompany" (para, "beside," poreuomai, "to proceed"), denotes "to go past, pass by," Matthew 27:39 ; Mark 9:30 , "passed through" (some mss. have poreuomai); Mark 11:20 ; Mark 15:29 ; in Mark 2:23 , "going ... through." See GO.

11: διαπορεύομαι
(Strong's #1279 — Verb — diaporeuomai — dee-ap-or-yoo'-om-ahee )

"to pass across, journey through," is used in the Middle Voice, translated "pass by" in Luke 18:36 , AV, RV, "going by." See GO.

12: ὑπερβάλλω
(Strong's #5235 — Verb — huperballo — hoop-er-bal'-lo )

in Ephesians 3:19 , "passeth:" see EXCEED , A, No. 1.

13: ὑπερέχω
(Strong's #5242 — Verb — huperecho — hoop-er-ekh'-o )

"passeth" in Philippians 4:7 : see BETTER (be), No. 4.

14: διαπεράω
(Strong's #1276 — Verb — diaperao — dee-ap-er-ah'-o )

"to pass over, cross over" (used in Luke 16:26, 2 nd part: see No. 6): see CROSS.

15: διοδεύω
(Strong's #1353 — Verb — diodeuo — dee-od-yoo'-o )

"to travel through, or along" (dia, "through," hodos "a way"), is translated "they had passed through" in Acts 17:1 , lit., "having passed through;" in Luke 8:1 , "He went about," RV (AV, "throughout").

16: χωρέω
(Strong's #5562 — Verb — choreo — kho-reh'-o )

used intransitively, signifies "to make room, retire, pass;" in Matthew 15:17 , RV, "passeth (into the belly)," AV, "goeth." See COME , No. 24.

17: καταργέω
(Strong's #2673 — Verb — katargeo — kat-arg-eh'-o )

is translated "was passing away" in 2 Corinthians 3:7 (AV, "was to be done away"); "passeth away" in 2 Corinthians 3:11 , RV (AV, "is done away"). See ABOLISH.

18: παροίχομαι
(Strong's #3944 — Verb — paroichomai — par-oy'-khom-ahee )

"to have passed by, to be gone by," is used in Acts 14:16 , of past generations, AV, "(in times) past," RV, "(in the generations) gone by."

Notes: (1) Ginomai, "to become, take place," is often translated "to come to pass;" frequently in the Synoptic Gospels and Acts (note the RV of Luke 24:21 ); elsewhere in John 13:19 ; John 14:22 , RV, "(what) is come to pass...?" AV, "(how) is it...?;" John 14:29 (twice); 1 Thessalonians 3:4 ; Revelation 1:1 . (2) In Acts 2:17, 21 ; Acts 3:23 ; Romans 9:26 , the AV translates the future of eimi, "to be," "it shall come to pass" (RV, "it shall be"). (3) In Acts 5:15 , AV, erchomai, "to come," is translated "passing by" (RV, "came by"). (4) For the AV, "passing" in Acts 27:8 , see COASTING , C. (5) In Mark 6:35 ; AV, "the time is far passed" (RV, "the day is...far spent") is, lit., "the hour is much (polus)." (6) For huperakmos in 1 Corinthians 7:36 , RV, "past the flower of her age," see FLOWER.

Passing Over

1: πάρεσις
(Strong's #3929 — Noun Feminine — paresis — par'-es-is )

primarily "a letting go, dismissal" (akin to pariemi, "to let alone, loosen"), denotes "a passing by" or "praetermission (of sin)," "a suspension of judgment," or "withholding of punishment," Romans 3:25 , RV, "passing over" (AV, "remission"), with reference to sins committed previously to the propitiatory sacrifice of Christ, the "passing by" not being a matter of Divine disregard but of forbearance.

Passion

A — 1: πάθημα
(Strong's #3804 — Noun Neuter — pathema — path'-ay-mah )

"a suffering" or "a passive emotion," is translated "passions" in Romans 7:5 , RV, "(sinful) passions," AV, "motions," and Galatians 5:24 , RV; see AFFECTION , A, No. 3, AFFLICT, B, No. 3.

A — 2: πάθος
(Strong's #3806 — Noun Neuter — pathos — path'-os )

see AFFECTION , A, No. 1.

B — 1: πάσχω
(Strong's #3958 — Verb — pascho — pas'-kho, path'-o, pen'-tho )

"to suffer," is used as a noun, in the aorist infinitive with the article, and translated "passion" in Acts 1:3 , of the suffering of Christ at Calvary. See SUFFER.

C — 1: ὁμοιοπαθής
(Strong's #3663 — Adjective — homoiopathes — hom-oy-op-ath-ace' )

"of like feelings or affections" (homoios, "like," and A, No. 2; Eng., "homeopathy"), is rendered "of like passions" in Acts 14:15 (RV marg., "nature"); in James 5:17 , RV, ditto (AV, "subject to like passions").

Passover

1: πάσχα
(Strong's #3957 — Noun Neuter — pascha — pas'-khah )

the Greek spelling of the Aramaic word for the Passover, from the Hebrew pasach, "to pass over, to spare," a feast instituted by God in commemoration of the deliverance of Israel from Egypt, and anticipatory of the expiatory sacrifice of Christ. The word signifies (I) "the Passover Feast," e.g., Matthew 26:2 ; John 2:13, 23 ; John 6:4 ; John 11:55 ; John 12:1 ; John 13:1 ; John 18:39 ; John 19:14 ; Acts 12:4 ; Hebrews 11:28 ; (II) by metonymy, (a) "the Paschal Supper," Matthew 26:18, 19 ; Mark 14:16 ; Luke 22:8, 13 ; (b) "the Paschal lamb," e.g., Mark 14:12 (cp. Exodus 12:21 ); Luke 22:7 ; (c) "Christ Himself," 1 Corinthians 5:7 .

Past

A — 1: γίνομαι
(Strong's #1096 — Verb — ginomai — ghin'-om-ahee )

"to become, come to pass," is translated "was past" in Luke 9:36 , AV, and RV marg. (RV, "came"), of the voice of God the Father at the Transfiguration; "is past," 2 Timothy 2:18 .

A — 2: διαγίνομαι
(Strong's #1230 — Verb — diaginomai — dee-ag-in'-om-ahee )

dia, "through," a stronger form than No. 1, used of time, denotes "to intervene, elapse, pass," Mark 16:1 , "was past;" Acts 25:13 , RV, "were passed;" Acts 27:9 , "was spent."

A — 3: προγίνομαι
(Strong's #4266 — Verb — proginomai — prog-in'-om-ahee )

"to happen before" (pro, before, and No. 1), is used in Romans 3:25 , AV, "that are past" (RV, "done aforetime"), of sins committed in times previous to the atoning sacrifice of Christ (see PASSING OVER).

Note: For the past tense of the verb "to pass," see PASS , e.g., Nos. 1 and 17.

B — 1: ποτέ
(Strong's #4218 — particle — pote — pot-eh' )

"once, formerly, sometime," is translated "in time (or times) past," in Romans 11:30 ; Galatians 1:13 ; Galatians 1:23 , AV (RV, "once"); Ephesians 2:2, 11 (RV, "aforetime"); Ephesians 2:3 (RV, "once"); Philemon 1:11 (RV, "aforetime"); 1 Peter 2:10 .

Pastor

1: ποιμήν
(Strong's #4166 — Noun Masculine — poimen — poy-mane' )

"a shepherd, one who tends herds or flocks" (not merely one who feeds them), is used metaphorically of Christian "pastors," Ephesians 4:11 . "Pastors" guide as well as feed the flock; cp. Acts 20:28 , which, with ver. 17, indicates that this was the service committed to elders (overseers or bishops); so also in 1 Peter 5:1, 2 , "tend the flock ... exercising the oversight," RV; this involves tender care and vigilant superintendence. See SHEPHERD.

Pasture

1: νομή
(Strong's #3542 — Noun Feminine — nome — nom-ah' )

denotes (a) "pasture, pasturage," figuratively in John 10:9 ; (b) "grazing, feeding," figuratively in 2 Timothy 2:17 , of the doctrines of false teachers, lit., "their word will have feeding as a gangrene." See EAT.

Path

1: τρίβος
(Strong's #5147 — Noun Feminine — tribos — tree'-bos )

"a beaten track" (akin to tribo, "to rub, wear down"), "a path," is used in Matthew 3:3 ; Mark 1:3 ; Luke 3:4 .

2: τροχιά
(Strong's #5163 — Noun Feminine — trochia — trokh-ee-ah' )

"the track of a wheel" (trochos, "a wheel;" trecho, "to run"), hence, "a track, path," is used figuratively in Hebrews 12:13 . In the Sept., Proverbs 2:15 ; Proverbs 4:11, 26, 27 ; Proverbs 5:6, 21 ; in some texts, Ezekiel 27:19 .

Patience, Patient, Patiently

A — 1: ὑπομονή
(Strong's #5281 — Noun Feminine — hupomone — hoop-om-on-ay' )

lit., "an abiding under" (hupo, "under," meno, "to abide"), is almost invariably rendered "patience." "Patience, which grows only in trial, James 1:3 , may be passive, i.e., == "endurance," as, (a) in trials, generally, Luke 21:19 (which is to be understood by Matthew 24:13 ); cp. Romans 12:12 ; James 1:12 ; (b) in trials incident to service in the gospel, 2 Corinthians 6:4 ; 2 Corinthians 12:12 ; 2 Timothy 3:10 ; (c) under chastisement, which is trial viewed as coming from the hand of God our Father, Hebrews 12:7 ; (d) under undeserved affliction, 1 Peter 2:20 ; or active, i.e. == "persistence, perseverance," as (e) in well doing, Romans 2:7 (AV, "patient continuance"); (f) in fruit bearing, Luke 8:15 ; (g) in running the appointed race, Hebrews 12:1 .

"Patience perfects Christian character, James 1:4 , and fellowship in the patience of Christ is therefore the condition upon which believers are to be admitted to reign with Him, 2 Timothy 2:12 ; Revelation 1:9 . For this patience believers are 'strengthened with all power,' Colossians 1:11 , 'through His Spirit in the inward man,' Ephesians 3:16 .

"In 2 Thessalonians 3:5 , the phrase "the patience of Christ,' RV, is possible of three interpretations, (a) the patient waiting for Christ, so AV paraphrases the words, (b) that they might be patient in their sufferings as Christ was in His, see Hebrews 12:2 , (c) that since Christ is "expecting till His enemies be made the footstool of His feet,' Hebrews 10:13 , so they might be patient also in their hopes of His triumph and their deliverance. While a too rigid exegesis is to be avoided, it may, perhaps, be permissible to paraphrase: 'the Lord teach and enable you to love as God loves, and to be patient as Christ is patient." * [* From Notes on Thessalonians by Hogg and Vine, pp. 222,285.]

In Revelation 3:10 , "the word of My patience" is the word which tells of Christ's patience, and its effects in producing "patience" on the part of those who are His (see above on 2 Thessalonians 3:5 ).

A — 2: μακροθυμία
(Strong's #3115 — Noun Feminine — makrothumia — mak-roth-oo-mee'-ah )

"long-suffering" (see B, No. 2), is rendered "patience" in Hebrews 6:12 ; James 5:10 ; see LONGSUFFERING.

B — 1: ὑπομένω
(Strong's #5278 — Verb — hupomeno — hoop-om-en'-o )

akin to A, No. 1, (a) used intransitively, means "to tarry behind, still abide," Luke 2:43 ; Acts 17:14 ; (b) transitively, "to wait for," Romans 8:24 (in some mss.), "to bear patiently, endure," translated "patient" (present participle) in Romans 12:12 ; "ye take it patiently," 1 Peter 2:20 (twice). See also under A, No. 1.

B — 2: μακροθυμέω
(Strong's #3114 — Verb — makrothumeo — mak-roth-oo-meh'-o )

akin to A, No. 2, "to be long-tempered," is translated "to have patience," or "to be patient," in Matthew 18:26, 29 ; 1 Thessalonians 5:14 , AV (RV, "be longsuffering"); James 5:7 (1st part, "be patient;" 2nd part, RV, "being patient," AV, "hath long patience"); in Hebrews 6:15 , RV, "having (AV, after he had) patiently endured." See LONGSUFFERING.

Notes: (Adjectives). (1) For epieikes, translated "patient" in 1 Timothy 3:3 , AV, see GENTLE. (2) For anexikakos, translated, "patient" in 2 Timothy 2:24 , AV, see FOREBEAR.

C — 1: μακροθύμως
(Strong's #3116 — Adverb — makrothumos — mak-roth-oo-moce' )

akin to A, No. 2, and B, No. 2, denotes "patiently" Acts 26:3 .

Patriarch

1: πατριάρχης
(Strong's #3966 — Noun Masculine — patriarches — pat-ree-arkh'-ace )

from patria, "a family," and archo, "to rule," is found in Acts 2:29 ; Acts 7:8, 9 ; Hebrews 7:4 . In the Sept., 1 Chronicles 24:31 ; 1 Chronicles 27:22 ; 2 Chronicles 19:8 ; 2 Chronicles 23:20 ; 2 Chronicles 26:12 .

Pattern

A — 1: τύπος
(Strong's #5179 — Noun Masculine — tupos — too'-pos )

is translated "pattern" in Titus 2:7 , AV; Hebrews 8:5 (AV and RV). See ENSAMPLE.

A — 2: ὑποτύπωσις
(Strong's #5296 — Noun Feminine — hupotuposis — hoop-ot-oop'-o-sis )

is translated "pattern" in 1 Timothy 1:16 , AV; 2 Timothy 1:13 , RV. See ENSAMPLE , FORM.

A — 3: ὑπόδειγμα
(Strong's #5262 — Noun Neuter — hupodeigma — hoop-od'-igue-mah )

is translated "patterns" in Hebrews 9:23 , AV. See COPY.

B — 1: ἀντίτυπος
(Strong's #499 — Adjective — antitupos — an-teet'-oo-pon )

is translated "like in pattern" in Hebrews 9:24 , RV. See FIGURE , No. 2.

Pavement

1: λιθόστρωτος
(Strong's #3038 — Adjective — lithostrotos — lith-os'-tro-tos )

an adjective, denoting "paved with stones" (lithos, "a stone," and stronnuo, "to spread"), especially of tessellated work, is used as a noun in John 19:13 , of a place near the Praetorium in Jerusalem, called Gabbatha, a Greek transliteration of an Aramaic word. In the Sept., 2 Chronicles 7:3 ; Esther 1:6 ; Song of Song of Solomon 3:10 .

Pay, Payment

1: ἀποδίδωμι
(Strong's #591 — Verb — apodidomi — ap-od-eed'-o-mee )

"to give back, to render what is due, to pay," used of various obligations in this respect, is translated "to pay, to make payment," in Matthew 5:26 ; Matthew 18:25 (twice),26,28,29,30,34; 20:8; RV (AV, "give"). See DELIVER.

2: τελέω
(Strong's #5055 — Verb — teleo — tel-eh'-o )

"to bring to an end, complete, fulfill," has the meaning "to pay" in Matthew 17:24 ; Romans 13:6 . See ACCOMPLISH.

Notes: 17:24; Romans 23:23 , AV, apodekatoo, "to tithe," is translated "ye pay tithe" (RV, "ye tithe"). (2) In Hebrews 7:9 , dekatoo (Passive Voice), "to pay tithe," is translated "hath paid tithes," RV (perfect tense). See TITHE.

Peace

1: σιγάω
(Strong's #4601 — Verb — sigao — see-gah'-o )

signifies (a), used intransitively, "to be silent" (from sige, "silence"), translated "to hold one's peace," in Luke 9:36 ; Luke 18:39 ; Luke 20:26 ; Acts 12:17 ; Acts 15:13 (in Acts 15:12 , "kept silence;" similarly rendered in 1 Corinthians 14:28, 30 , AV, "hold his peace," 1 Corinthians 14:34 ); (b) used transitively, "to keep secret;" in the Passive Voice, "to be kept secret," Romans 16:25 , RV, "hath been kept in silence." See SECRET , SILENCE.

2: σιωπάω
(Strong's #4623 — Verb — siopao — see-o-pah'-o )

"to be silent or still, to keep silence" (from siope, "silence"), is translated "to hold one's peace," in Matthew 20:31 ; Matthew 26:63 ; Mark 3:4 ; Mark 9:34 ; Mark 10:48 ; Mark 14:61 ; Luke 19:40 ; Acts 18:9 ; in the Lord's command to the sea, in Mark 4:39 , it is translated "peace" (for the next word "be still" see No. 4); in Luke 1:20 , RV, "thou shalt be silent" (AV, "dumb"). See DUMB , B.

3: ἡσυχάζω
(Strong's #2270 — Verb — hesuchazo — hay-soo-khad'-zo )

signifies "to be still;" it is used of "holding one's peace," being "silent," Luke 14:4 ; Acts 11:18 ; Acts 21:14 , "we ceased." See CEASE , A, No. 3, QUIET.

4: φιμόω
(Strong's #5392 — Verb — phimoo — fee-mo'-o )

"to muzzle," is used metaphorically in the Passive Voice, in Mark 1:25 ; Luke 4:35 , "hold thy peace;" in Mark 4:39 , "be still." See MUZZLE.

Peace, Peaceable, Peaceably

A — 1: εἰρήνη
(Strong's #1515 — Noun Feminine — eirene — i-rah'-nay )

"occurs in each of the books of the NT, save 1John and save in Acts 7:26 ['(at) one again'] it is translated "peace" in the RV. It describes (a) harmonious relationships between men, Matthew 10:34 ; Romans 14:19 ; (b) between nations, Luke 14:32 ; Acts 12:20 ; Revelation 6:4 ; (c) friendliness, Acts 15:33 ; 1 Corinthians 16:11 ; Hebrews 11:31 ; (d) freedom from molestation, Luke 11:21 ; Luke 19:42 ; Acts 9:31 (RV, 'peace,' AV, 'rest'); 16:36; (e) order, in the State, Acts 24:2 (RV, 'peace,' AV, 'quietness'); in the churches, 1 Corinthians 14:33 ; (f) the harmonized relationships between God and man, accomplished through the gospel, Acts 10:36 ; Ephesians 2:17 ; (g) the sense of rest and contentment consequent thereon, Matthew 10:13 ; Mark 5:34 ; Luke 1:79 ; Luke 2:29 ; John 14:27 ; Romans 1:7 ; Romans 3:17 ; Romans 8:6 ; in certain passages this idea is not distinguishable from the last, Romans 5:1 ." * [* From Notes on Thessalonians by Hogg and Vine, p. 154.]

"The God of peace" is a title used in Romans 15:33 ; Romans 16:20 ; Philippians 4:9 ; 1 Thessalonians 5:23 ; Hebrews 13:20 ; cp. 1 Corinthians 14:33 ; 2 Corinthians 13:11 . The corresponding Heb. word shalom primarily signifies "wholeness:" see its use in Joshua 8:31 , "unhewn;" Ruth 2:12 , "full;" Nehemiah 6:15 , "finished;" Isaiah 42:19 , marg., "made perfect." Hence there is a close connection between the title in 1 Thessalonians 5:23 and the word holokleros, "entire," in that verse. In the Sept. shalom is often rendered by soteria, "salvation, e.g., Genesis 26:31 ; Genesis 41:16 ; hence the "peace-offering" is called the "salvation offering." Cp. Luke 7:50 ; Luke 8:48 . In 2 Thessalonians 3:16 , the title "the Lord of peace" is best understood as referring to the Lord Jesus. In Acts 7:26 , "would have set them at one" is, lit., "was reconciling them (conative imperfect tense, expressing an earnest effort) into peace."

B — 1: εἰρηνεύω
(Strong's #1514 — Verb — eireneuo — i-rane-yoo'-o )

primarily, "to bring to peace, reconcile," denotes in the NT, "to keep peace or to be at peace:" in Mark 9:50 , RV, the Lord bids the disciples "be at peace" with one another, gently rebuking their ambitious desires; in Romans 12:18 (RV, "be at peace," AV, "live peaceably") the limitation "if it be possible, as much as in you lieth," seems due to the phrase "with all men," but is not intended to excuse any evasion of the obligation imposed by the command; in 2 Corinthians 13:11 it is rendered "live in peace," a general exhortation to believers; in 1 Thessalonians 5:13 , "be at peace (among yourselves)."

B — 2: εἰρηνοποιέω
(Strong's #1517 — Verb — eirenopoieo — i-ray-nop-oy-eh'-o )

"to make peace" (eirene, and poieo, "to make"), is used in Colossians 1:20 . In the Sept., Proverbs 10:10 .

C — 1: εἰρηνικός
(Strong's #1516 — Adjective — eirenikos — i-ray-nee-kos' )

akin to A, denotes "peaceful." It is used (a) of the fruit of righteousness, Hebrews 12:11 , "peaceable" (or "peaceful") because it is produced in communion with God the Father, through His chastening; (b) of "the wisdom that is from above," James 3:17 .

Note: In 1 Timothy 2:2 , AV, hesuchios, "quiet," is translated "peaceable" (RV, "quiet").

Peacemaker

1: εἰρηνοποιός
(Strong's #1518 — Adjective — eirenopoios — i-ray-nop-oy-os' )

an adjective signifying peace making (eirene, and poieo, "to make"), is used in Matthew 5:9 , "peacemakers." Cp. PEACE, B, No. 2.

Pearl

1: μαργαρίτης
(Strong's #3135 — Noun Masculine — margarites — mar-gar-ee'-tace )

"a pearl" (Eng., Margaret), occurs in Matthew 7:6 (proverbially and figuratively); 13:45,46; 1 Timothy 2:9 ; Revelation 17:4 ; Revelation 18:12, 16 ; Revelation 21:21 (twice).

Peculiar

* For PECULIAR see POSSESSION , B, No. 3, and C

Pen

1: κάλαμος
(Strong's #2563 — Noun Masculine — kalamos — kal'-am-os )

"a reed, reed pipe, flute, staff, measuring rod," is used of a "writing-reed" or "pen" in 3 John 1:13 . This was used on papyrus. Different instruments were used on different materials; the kalamos may have been used also on leather. "Metal pens in the form of a reed or quill have been found in the so-called Grave of Aristotle at Eretria." See REED.

Pence, Penny, Pennyworth

1: δηνάριον
(Strong's #1220 — Noun Neuter — denarion — day-nar'-ee-on )

a Roman coin, a denarius, a little less than the value of the Greek drachme (see PIECE), now estimated as amounting to about 9 1/2d. in the time of our Lord, occurs in the singular, e.g., Matthew 20:2 ; Matthew 22:19 ; Mark 12:15 ; Revelation 6:6 ; in the plural, e.g., Matthew 18:28 ; Mark 14:5 ; Luke 7:41 ; Luke 10:35 ; John 12:5 ; "pennyworth" in Mark 6:37 ; John 6:7 , lit., "(loaves of two hundred) pence." Considering the actual value, "shilling" would have been a more accurate translation, as proposed by the American translators, retaining "penny" for the as, and "farthing" for the quadrans.

Pentecost

1: πεντηκοστή
(Strong's #4005 — Noun Feminine — pentekostos — pen-tay-kos-tay' )

an adjective denoting "fifieth," is used as a noun, with "day" understood, i.e., the "fifieth" day after the Passover, counting from the second day of the Feast, Acts 2:1 ; Acts 20:16 ; 1 Corinthians 16:8 . For the Divine instructions of Israel see Exodus 23:16 ; Exodus 34:22 ; Leviticus 23:15-21 ; Numbers 28:26-31 ; Deuteronomy 16:9-11 .

Penury

* For PENURY (Luke 21:4 , AV, RV, "want") see LACK

People

1: λαός
(Strong's #2992 — Noun Masculine — laos — lah-os' )

is used of (a) "the people at large," especially of people assembled, e.g., Matthew 27:25 ; Luke 1:21 ; Luke 3:15 ; Acts 4:27 ; (b) "a people of the same race and language," e.g., Revelation 5:9 ; in the plural, e.g., Luke 2:31 ; Romans 15:11 ; Revelation 7:9 ; Revelation 11:9 ; especially of Israel, e.g., Matthew 2:6 ; Matthew 4:23 ; John 11:50 ; Acts 4:8 ; Hebrews 2:17 ; in distinction from their rulers and priests, e.g., Matthew 26:5 ; Luke 20:19 ; Hebrews 5:3 ; in distinction from Gentiles, e.g., Acts 26:17, 23 ; Romans 15:10 ; (c) of Christians as the people of God, e.g., Acts 15:14 ; Titus 2:14 ; Hebrews 4:9 ; 1 Peter 2:9 .

2: ὄχλος
(Strong's #3793 — Noun Masculine — ochlos — okh'-los )

"a crowd, throng:" see CROWD , MULTITUDE.

3: δῆμος
(Strong's #1218 — Noun Masculine — demos — day'-mos )

"the common people, the people generally" (Eng., "demagogue," "democracy," etc.), especially the mass of the "people " assembled in a public place, Acts 12:22 ; Acts 17:5 ; Acts 19:30, 33 .

4: ἔθνος
(Strong's #1484 — Noun Neuter — ethnos — eth'-nos )

denotes (a) "a nation," e.g., Matthew 24:7 ; Acts 10:35 ; "the Jewish people," e.g., Luke 7:5 ; Acts 10:22 ; Acts 28:19 ; (b) in the plural, "the rest of mankind" in distinction from Israel or the Jews, e.g., Matthew 4:15 ; Acts 28:28 ; (c) "the people of a city," Acts 8:9 ; (d) Gentile Christians, e.g., Romans 10:19 ; Romans 11:13 ; Romans 15:27 ; Galatians 2:14 . See GENTILES , NATION.

5: ἄνθρωπος
(Strong's #444 — Noun Masculine — anthropos — anth'-ro-pos )

"man," without distinction of sex (cp. aner, "a male"), is translated "people" in John 6:10 , RV (AV, "men").

Peradventure

A — 1: τάχα
(Strong's #5029 — Adverb — tacha — takh'-ah )

primarily "quickly" (from tachus, "quick"), signifies "peradventure" in Romans 5:7 ; in Philemon 1:15 , "perhaps." See PERHAPS.

B — 1: μήποτε
(Strong's #3379 — Conjunction — mepote — may'-pot-eh, may pot'-eh )

often written as two words, usually signifies "lest ever, lest haply, haply;" in indirect questions, "if haply" or "whether haply," e.g., Luke 3:15 , RV; in Matthew 25:9 , RV, "peradventure" (AV, "lest"); "if peradventure," in 2 Timothy 2:25 . See HAPLY.

Perceive

1: γινώσκω
(Strong's #1097 — Verb — ginosko — ghin-oce'-ko )

"to know by experience and observation," is translated "to perceive" in Matthew 12:15 , RV (AV, "knew"); Matthew 16:8 ; Matthew 21:45 ; Matthew 22:18 ; Matthew 26:10 , RV, (AV, "understood"); Mark 8:17 ; Mark 12:12 ; Mark 15:10 , RV (AV, "knew"); so Luke 9:11 ; Luke 18:34 ; in Luke 7:39 , RV (AV, "known"); Luke 20:19 (cp. No. 7 in ver. 23); John 6:15 ; John 8:27 , RV (AV, "understood"); John 16:19 , RV (AV, "knew"); Acts 23:6 ; Galatians 2:9 ; in 1 John 3:16 , AV, "perceive" (RV, "know," perfect tense, lit., "we have perceived," and therefore "know"). See KNOW.

2: ἐπιγινώσκω
(Strong's #1921 — Verb — epiginosko — ep-ig-in-oce'-ko )

a strengthened form of No. 1, "to gain a full knowledge of, to become fully acquainted with," is translated "to perceive" in Mark 5:30 , RV (AV, "Knowing"); Luke 1:22 ; Luke 5:22 ; Acts 19:34 , RV (AV, "knew"). See ACKNOWLEDGE , KNOW.

3: ὁράω
(Strong's #3708 — Verb — eidon — hor-ah'-o )

(akin to oida, "to know"), an aorist form used to supply that tense of horao, "to see," is translated "to perceive" in Matthew 13:14 ; Mark 4:12 ; Acts 28:26 ; in Luke 9:47 , AV (RV, "saw"); in Acts 14:9 , AV, "perceiving" (RV, "seeing"). See BEHOLD , No. 1.

4: θεωρέω
(Strong's #2334 — Verb — theoreo — theh-o-reh'-o )

"to be a spectator of, look at, discern," is translated "to perceive" in John 4:19 (indicating the woman's earnest contemplation of the Lord); so Acts 17:22 ; in John 12:19 , RV, "behold" (AV, "perceive ye"). See BEHOLD , No. 6.

5: αἰσθάνομαι
(Strong's #143 — Verb — aisthanomai — ahee-sthan'-om-ahee )

"to perceive, to notice, understand," is used in Luke 9:45 , RV, "(that they should not) perceive," AV, "(that) they perceived ... (not)."

6: νοέω
(Strong's #3539 — Verb — noeo — noy-eh'-o )

"to perceive with the mind, to understand," is translated "to perceive" in Matthew 15:17 , RV (AV, "understand"); Song of Solomon 16:9, 11 ; John 12:40 ; Romans 1:20 ; Ephesians 3:4 ; in Mark 7:18 ; Mark 8:17 , AV and RV, "perceive." See CONSIDER , No. 4.

7: κατανοέω
(Strong's #2657 — Verb — katanoeo — kat-an-o-eh'-o )

a strengthened form of No. 6, "to take note of, consider carefully," is translated "to perceive" in Luke 6:41 , AV (RV, "considerest"); Luke 20:23 ; Acts 27:39 , RV (AV, "discovered"). See BEHOLD , No. 11.

8: καταλαμβάνω
(Strong's #2638 — Verb — katalambano — kat-al-am-ban'-o )

"to lay hold of, apprehend, comprehend," is translated "to perceive" in Acts 4:13 ; Acts 10:34 . See APPREHEND , No. 1.

Notes: (1) In Mark 12:28 the best mss. have oida, "to know" (so RV), for eidon, "to see, perceive" (AV). (2) In Acts 8:23 , AV, horao, "to see," is translated "I perceive" (RV, "I see"). (3) In 2 Corinthians 7:8 , AV, blepo, "to look at, consider, see," is translated "I perceive" (RV, "I (see"). (4) In Acts 23:29 , AV, heurisko, "to see"). (4) In Acts 23:29 , AV, heurisko, "to find," is translated "perceived" (RV, "found").

Perdition

* For PERDITION see DESTRUCTION , No. 1

Perfect, Perfectly

A — 1: τελείως
(Strong's #5049 — Adverb — teleios — tel-i'-oce )

signifies "having reached its end" (telos), "finished, complete, perfect." It is used (I) of persons, (a) primarily of physical development, then, with ethical import, "fully grown, mature," 1 Corinthians 2:6 ; 1 Corinthians 14:20 ("men;" marg., "of full age"); Ephesians 4:13 ; Philippians 3:15 ; Colossians 1:28 ; Colossians 4:12 ; in Hebrews 5:14 , RV, "fullgrown" (marg., "perfect"), AV, "of full age" (marg., "perfect"); (b) "complete," conveying the idea of goodness without necessary reference to maturity or what is expressed under (a), Matthew 5:48 ; Matthew 19:21 ; James 1:4 (2nd part); 3:2. It is used thus of God in Matthew 5:48 ; (II) of "things, complete, perfect," Romans 12:2 ; 1 Corinthians 13:10 (referring to the complete revelation of God's will and ways, whether in the completed Scriptures or in the hereafter); James 1:4 (of the work of patience); James 1:25 ; 1 John 4:18 .

A — 2: τέλειος
(Strong's #5046 — Adjective — teleioteros — tel'-i-os )

the comparative degree of No. 1, is used in Hebrews 9:11 , of the very presence of God.

A — 3: ἄρτιος
(Strong's #739 — Adjective — artios — ar'-tee-os )

is translated "perfect" in 2 Timothy 3:17 : see COMPLETE , B.

B — 1: τελειόω
(Strong's #5048 — Verb — teleioo — tel-i-o'-o )

"to bring to an end by completing or perfecting," is used (I) of "accomplishing" (see FINISH , FULFILL); (II) of "bringing to completeness," (a) of persons: of Christ's assured completion of His earthly course, in the accomplishment of the Father's will, the successive stages culminating in His death, Luke 13:32 ; Hebrews 2:10 , to make Him "perfect," legally and officially, for all that He would be to His people on the ground of His sacrifice; cp. 5:9; 7:28, RV, "perfected" (AV, "consecrated"); of His saints, John 17:23 , RV, "perfected" (AV, "made perfect"); Philippians 3:12 ; Hebrews 10:14 ; Hebrews 11:40 (of resurrection glory); 12:23 (of the departed saints); 1 John 4:18 ; of former priests (negatively), Hebrews 9:9 ; similarly of Israelites under the Aaronic priesthood, Hebrews 10:1 ; (b) of things, Hebrews 7:19 (of the ineffectiveness of the Law); James 2:22 (of faith made "perfect" by works); 1 John 2:5 , of the love of God operating through him who keeps His word; 1 John 4:12 , of the love of God in the case of those who love one another; 1 John 4:17 , of the love of God as "made perfect with" (RV) those who abide in God, giving them to be possessed of the very character of God, by reason of which "as He is, even so are they in this world."

B — 2: ἐπιτελέω
(Strong's #2005 — Verb — epiteleo — ep-ee-tel-eh'-o )

"to bring through to the end" (epi, intensive, in the sense of "fully," and teleo, "to complete"), is used in the Middle Voice in Galatians 3:3 , "are ye (now) perfected," continuous present tense, indicating a process, lit., "are ye now perfecting yourselves;" in 2 Corinthians 7:1 , "perfecting (holiness);" in Philippians 1:6 , RV, "will perfect (it)," AV, "will perform." See ACCOMPLISH , No. 4.

B — 3: καταρτίζω
(Strong's #2675 — Verb — katartizo — kat-ar-tid'-zo )

"to render fit, complete" (artios), "is used of mending nets, Matthew 4:21 ; Mark 1:19 , and is translated 'restore' in Galatians 6:1 . It does not necessarily imply, however, that that to which it is applied has been damaged, though it may do so, as in these passages; it signifies, rather, right ordering and arrangement, Hebrews 11:3 , 'framed;" it points out the path of progress, as in Matthew 21:16 ; Luke 6:40 ; cp. 2 Corinthians 13:9 ; Ephesians 4:12 , where corresponding nouns occur. It indicates the close relationship between character and destiny, Romans 9:22 , 'fitted.' It expresses the pastor's desire for the flock, in prayer, Hebrews 13:21 , and in exhortation, 1 Corinthians 1:10 , RV, 'perfected' (AV, 'perfectly joined'); 2 Corinthians 13:11 , as well as his conviction of God's purpose for them, 1 Peter 5:10 . It is used of the Incarnation of the Word in Hebrews 10:5 , 'prepare,' quoted from Psalms 40:6 (Sept.), where it is apparently intended to describe the unique creative act involved in the Virgin Birth, Luke 1:35 . In 1 Thessalonians 3:10 it means to supply what is necessary, as the succeeding words show."* [* From Notes on Thessalonians by Hogg and Vine, p. 101. See FIT , B, No. 3.

Note: Cp. exartizo, rendered "furnished completely," in 2 Timothy 3:17 , RV; see ACCOMPLISH , No. 1.

C — 1: ἀκριβῶς
(Strong's #199 — Adverb — akribos — ak-ree-boce' )

accurately, is translated "perfectly" in 1 Thessalonians 5:2 , where it suggests that Paul and his companions were careful ministers of the Word. See ACCURATELY , and see Note (2) below.

C — 2: ἀκριβέστερον
(Strong's #197 — Adjective — akribesteron — ak-ree-bes'-ter-on )

the comparative degree of No. 1, Acts 18:26 ; Acts 23:15 : see CAREFULLY , EXACTLY.

C — 3: τελείως
(Strong's #5049 — Adverb — teleios — tel-i'-oce )

"perfectly," is so translated in 1 Peter 1:13 , RV (AV, "to the end"), of setting one's hope on coming grace. See END.

Notes: (1) In Revelation 3:2 , AV, pleroo, "to fulfill," is translated "perfect" (RV, "fulfilled"). (2) For the adverb akribos in Luke 1:3 , AV, see ACCURATELY: in Acts 24:22 , AV, see EXACT. (3) For the noun akribeia in Acts 22:3 , see MANNER.

Perfection, Perfecting, Perfectness

A — 1: κατάρτισις
(Strong's #2676 — Noun Feminine — katartisis — kat-ar'-tis-is )

"a making fit," is used figuratively in an ethical sense in 2 Corinthians 13:9 , RV, "perfecting" (AV, "perfection"), implying a process leading to consummation (akin to katartizo, see PERFECT , B, No. 3).

A — 2: καταρτισμός
(Strong's #2677 — Noun Masculine — katartismos — kat-ar-tis-mos' )

denotes, in much the same way as No. 1, "a fitting or preparing fully," Ephesians 4:12 .

A — 3: τελείωσις
(Strong's #5050 — Noun Feminine — teleiosis — tel-i'-o-sis )

denotes "a fulfillment, completion, perfection, and end accomplished as the effect of a process," Hebrews 7:11 ; in Luke 1:45 , RV, "fulfillment" (AV, "performance").

A — 4: τελειότης
(Strong's #5047 — Noun Feminine — teleiotes — tel-i-ot'-ace )

denotes much the same as No. 3, but stressing perhaps the actual accomplishment of the end in view, Colossians 3:14 , "perfectness;" Hebrews 6:1 , "perfection." In the Sept., Judges 9:16, 19 ; Proverbs 11:3 ; Jeremiah 2:2 .

B — 1: τελεσφορέω
(Strong's #5052 — Verb — telesphoreo — tel-es-for-eh'-o )

"to bring to a completion" or "an end in view" (telos, "an end," phero, "to bear"), is said of plants, Luke 8:14 .

Perform, Performance

1: τελέω
(Strong's #5055 — Verb — teleo — tel-eh'-o )

"to finish," is translated "performed" in Luke 2:39 , AV: see ACCOMPLISH , No. 3.

2: ἀποτελέω
(Strong's #658 — Verb — apoteleo — ap-ot-el-eh'-o )

"to bring to an end, accomplish," is translated "I perform" in Luke 13:32 , RV (AV, "I do"); some mss. have No. 3; in James 1:15 , it is used of sin, "fullgrown" RV (AV, "finished"). See FINISH , Note 2.

:
( — — — )

Romans 15:28 , AV, "performed" (RV, "accomplished"); 2 Corinthians 8:11 , AV, "perform" (RV, "complete"); Philippians 1:6 , AV, "perform" (RV, "perfect"): see ACCOMPLISH , No. 4.

4: ποιέω
(Strong's #4160 — Verb — poieo — poy-eh'-o )

"to do," is translated "to perform" in Romans 4:21 ; in Luke 1:72 , AV (RV, "to show"). See SHEW.

5: ἀποδίδωμι
(Strong's #591 — Verb — apodidomi — ap-od-eed'-o-mee )

"to give back, or in full," is translated "thou ... shalt perform" in Matthew 5:33 . See DELIVER. No. 3.

Notes: (1) In Romans 7:18 , AV, katergazomai, "to work," is translated "to perform" (RV, "to do;" marg., "work"). (2) In Luke 1:20 , AV, ginomai, "to come to pass" (RV), is translated "shall be performed." (3) For "performance" in Luke 1:45 , see FULFILLMENT.

Perhaps

1: τάχα
(Strong's #5029 — Adverb — tacha — takh'-ah )

is translated "perhaps" in Philemon 1:15 . See PERADVENTURE.

2: ἄρα
(Strong's #686 — particle — ara — ar'-ah )

a particle, "then," sometimes marking a result about which some uncertainty is felt, is translated "perhaps" in Acts 8:22 .

Note: In 2 Corinthians 2:7 , AV, pos, "anyhow," "by any means" (RV), is translated "perhaps."

Peril

* For PERIL, see DANGER , Note: PERILOUS see GRIEVOUS

Perish

1: ἀπόλλυμι
(Strong's #622 — Verb — apollumi — ap-ol'-loo-mee )

"to destroy," signifies, in the Middle Voice, "to perish," and is thus used (a) of things, e.g., Matthew 5:29, 30 ; Luke 5:37 ; Acts 27:34 , RV, "perish" (in some texts pipto, "to fall," as AV); Hebrews 1:11 ; 2 Peter 3:6 ; Revelation 18:14 (2nd part), RV, "perished" (in some texts aperchomai, "to depart," as AV); (b) of persons, e.g., Matthew 8:25 ; John 3:15, 16 ; John 10:28 ; John 17:12 , RV, "perished" (AV, "is lost"); Romans 2:12 ; 1 Corinthians 1:18 , lit., "the perishing," where the perfective force of the verb implies the completion of the process of destruction (Moulton, Proleg., p. 114); 1 Corinthians 8:11 ; 1 Corinthians 15:18 ; 2 Peter 3:9 ; Jude 1:11 . For the meaning of the word see DESTROY , No. 1.

2: συναπόλλυμι
(Strong's #4881 — Verb — sunapollumi — soon-ap-ol'-loo-mee )

in the Middle Voice, denotes "to perish together" (sun, "with," and No. 1), Hebrews 11:31 .

3: ἀποθνῄσκω
(Strong's #599 — Verb — apothnesko — ap-oth-nace'-ko )

"to die;" in Matthew 8:32 "perished," See DIE , No. 2.

4: ἀφανίζω
(Strong's #853 — Verb — aphanizo — af-an-id'-zo )

"to make unseen" (a, negative, phaino, "to cause to appear"), in the Passive Voice, is translated "perish" in Acts 13:41 (RV, marg., "vanish away"). See DISFIGURE.

5: διαφθείρω
(Strong's #1311 — Verb — diaphtheiro — dee-af-thi'-ro )

"to corrupt," is rendered "perish" in 2 Corinthians 4:16 , AV (RV, "is decaying"). See CORRUPT , No. 3, DECAY.

Notes: (1) In Acts 8:20 , "(thy money) perish" is a translation of a phrase, lit, "be unto destruction," apoleia; see DESTRUCTION , B, (II), No. 1. (2) In Colossians 2:22 , "to perish" is a translation of the phrase eis pthoran, lit., "unto corruption;" see CORRUPT , B, No. 1. (3) For "shall utterly perish," in 2 Peter 2:12 , AV, see CORRUPT , B, No. 1 (b).

Perjured Person

* For PERJURED PERSON see FORSWEAR

Permission

1: συγγνώμη
(Strong's #4774 — Noun Feminine — sungnome — soong-gno'-may )

lit., "a joint opinion, mind or understanding" (sun, "with," gnome, "an opinion"), "a fellow feeling," hence, "a concession, allowance," is translated "permission," in contrast to "commandment," in 1 Corinthians 7:6 .

Permit

1: ἐπιτρέπω
(Strong's #2010 — Verb — epitrepo — ep-ee-trep'-o )

lit., "to turn to" (epi, "to," trepo, "to turn"), "to entrust," signifies "to permit," Acts 26:1 ; 1 Corinthians 14:34 ; 1 Corinthians 16:7 ; 1 Timothy 2:12 , RV "permit" (AV, "suffer"); Hebrews 6:3 . See LEAVE.

Pernicious

* For PERNICIOUS, 2 Peter 2:2 , AV, see LASCIVIOUS

Perplex, Perplexity

A — 1: ἀπορέω
(Strong's #639 — Verb — aporeo — ap-or-eh'-o )

is rendered "perplexed" in 2 Corinthians 4:8 , and in the most authentic mss. in Luke 24:4 ; see DOUBT , A, No. 1.

A — 2: διαπορέω
(Strong's #1280 — Verb — diaporeo — dee-ap-or-eh'-o )

"was much perplexed" in Luke 9:7 ; see DOUBT , A, No. 2.

B — 1: ἀπορία
(Strong's #640 — Noun Feminine — aporia — ap-or-ee'-a )

akin to A, No. 1, is translated "perplexity" in Luke 21:25 (lit., "at a loss for a way," a, negative, poros, "a way, resource"), of the distress of nations, finding no solution to their embarrassments; papyri illustrations are in the sense of being at one's wit's end, at a loss how to proceed, without resources.

Persecute, Persecution

A — 1: διώκω
(Strong's #1377 — verb — dioko — dee-o'-ko )

has the meanings (a) "to put to flight, drive away," (b) "to pursue," whence the meaning "to persecute," Matthew 5:10-12, 44 ; Matthew 10:23 ; Matthew 23:34 ; Luke 11:49 (No. 2 in some mss.); 21:12; John 5:16 ; John 15:20 (twice); Acts 7:52 ; Acts 9:4, 5 , and similar passages; Romans 12:14 ; 1 Corinthians 4:12 ; 1 Corinthians 15:9 ; 2 Corinthians 4:9 , AV (RV, "pursued"); Galatians 1:13, 23 ; Galatians 4:29 ; Galatians 5:11 , RV, "am ... persecuted" (AV, "suffer persecution"); so Galatians 6:12 ; Philippians 3:6 ; 2 Timothy 3:12 , "shall suffer persecution;" Revelation 12:13 . See FOLLOW , PURSUE.

A — 2: ἐκδιώκω
(Strong's #1559 — Verb — ekdioko — ek-dee-o'-ko )

ek, "out" and No. 1, is used in 1 Thessalonians 2:15 , AV, "persecuted" (RV, "drove out"). See also No. 1. See DRIVE , No. 2.

B — 1: διωγμός
(Strong's #1375 — Noun Masculine — diogmos — dee-ogue-mos' )

akin to A, No. 1, occurs in Matthew 13:21 ; Mark 4:17 ; Mark 10:30 ; Acts 8:1 ; Acts 13:50 ; Romans 8:35 ; 2 Corinthians 12:10 ; 2 Thessalonians 1:4 ; 2 Timothy 3:11 , twice (for ver. 12, see A, No. 1). In the Sept., Proverbs 11:19 ; Lamentations 3:19 .

Note: In Acts 11:19 , AV, thlipsis, "tribulation" (RV), is translated "persecution."

Persecutor

1: διώκτης
(Strong's #1376 — Noun Masculine — dioktes — dee-oke'-tace )

akin to dioko (see above), occurs in 1 Timothy 1:13 .

Perserverance

1: προσκαρτέρησις
(Strong's #4343 — Noun Feminine — proskarteresis — pros-kar-ter'-ay-sis )

occurs in Ephesians 6:18 . Cp. the verb (and the formation) under ATTEND, No. 2.

Person

1: πρόσωπον
(Strong's #4383 — Noun Neuter — prosopon — pros'-o-pon )

for the meaning of which see APPEARANCE , No. 2, is translated "person" or "persons" in Matthew 22:16 ; Mark 12:14 ; Luke 20:21 ; 2 Corinthians 1:11 ; 2 Corinthians 2:10 ; Galatians 2:6 ; Jude 1:16 , lit., "(admiring, or showing respect of, RV) persons."

2: ἄνθρωπος
(Strong's #444 — Noun Masculine — anthropos — anth'-ro-pos )

a generic name for man, is translated "persons" in Revelation 11:13 , RV (AV, "men").

Notes: (1) In Hebrews 1:3 , AV, hupostasis, "subtance," is translated "person;" see SUBSTANCE. (2) In Matthew 27:24 , RV, toutou, "of this ... (man)," is translated "of this ... person" (AV). (3) In Philemon 1:12 , the pronoun autos, "he," placed in a position of strong emphasis, is translated "in his own person," RV, stressing the fact that in spite of the Apostle's inclination to retain Onesimus, he has sent him, as being, so to speak, "his very heart," instead of adopting some other method. (4) In 1 Corinthians 5:13 , AV, the adjective poneros, "wicked," used as a noun, is translated "wicked person" (RV, "... man"). (5) In 2 Peter 2:5 , AV, ogdoos, "eighth," is translated "the (lit., 'an') eighth person" (RV, "with seven others"). (b) Various adjectives are used with the word "persons," e.g., "devout, perjured, profane."

Persons

A — 1: προσωπολήμπτης
(Strong's #4381 — Noun Masculine — prosoplemptes — pros-o-pol-ape'-tace )

denotes "a respecter of persons" (prosopon, "a face" or "person," lambano, "to lay hold of"), Acts 10:34 .

A — 2: προσωπολημψία
(Strong's #4382 — Noun Feminine — prosopolempsia — pros-o-pol-ape-see'-ah )

(in inferior texts without the letter m), denotes "respect of persons, partiality" (akin to No. 1), the fault of one who, when responsible to give judgment, has respect to the position, rank, popularity, or circumstances of men, instead of their intrinsic conditions, preferring the rich and powerful to those who are not so, Romans 2:11 ; Ephesians 6:9 ; Colossians 3:25 ; James 2:1 .

B — 1: προσωπολημπτέω
(Strong's #4380 — Verb — prosopolempteo — pros-o-pol-ape-teh'-o )

"to have respect of persons" (see ABOVE), occurs in James 2:9 .

C — 1: ἀπροσωπολήμπτως
(Strong's #678 — Adverb — aprosopolemptos — ap-ros-o-pol-ape'-toce )

without respect of persons, impartially (a, negative), occurs in 1 Peter 1:17 .

Persuade

Note: For Acts 26:28 , AV, "thou persuadest," see FAIN , Note.

1: πείθω
(Strong's #3982 — Verb — peitho — pi'-tho )

in the Active Voice, signifies "to apply persuasion, to prevail upon or win over, to persuade," bringing about a change of mind by the influence of reason or moral considerations, e.g., in Matthew 27:20 ; Matthew 28:14 ; Acts 13:43 ; Acts 19:8 ; in the Passive Voice, "to be persuaded, believe" (see BELIEVE , No. 2, and OBEY), e.g., Luke 16:31 ; Luke 20:6 ; Acts 17:4 ; RV (AV, "believed"); Acts 21:14 ; Acts 26:26 ; Romans 8:38 ; Romans 14:14 ; Romans 15:14 ; 2 Timothy 1:5, 12 ; Hebrews 6:9 ; Hebrews 11:13 , in some mss.; Hebrews 13:18 , RV (AV, "trust"). See ASSURANCE , B, No. 3.

Note: For Acts 26:28 , AV, "thou persuadest," see FAIN , Note.

2: ἀναπείθω
(Strong's #374 — Verb — anapeitho — an-ap-i'-tho )

"to persuade, induce," in an evil sense (ana, "back," and No. 1), is used in Acts 18:13 . In the Sept., Jeremiah 29:8 .

Note: For plerophoreo, rendered "being fully persuaded," in Romans 4:21 ; Romans 14:5 , AV, see ASSURANCE , B, No. 2.

Persuasion

1: πεισμονή
(Strong's #3988 — Noun Feminine — peismone — pice-mon-ay' )

akin to peitho, is used in Galatians 5:8 , where the meaning is "this influence that has won you over, or that seems likely to do so;" the use of peitho, in the sense of "to obey," in ver. 7, suggests a play upon words here.

Persuasive, Persuasivness

A — 1: πειθός
(Strong's #3981 — Adjective — peithos — pi-thos' )

an adjective (akin to peitho), not found elsewhere, is translated "persuasive" in 1 Corinthians 2:4 , RV (AV, "enticing"); see ENTICE , B.

B — 1: πιθανολογία
(Strong's #4086 — Noun Feminine — pithanologia — pith-an-ol-og-ee'-ah )

"persuasiveness of speech," is used in Colossians 2:4 , RV. See ENTICE , B, Note.

Pertain to

:
( — — — )

Hebrews 7:13 , AV; see BELONG , Note (c), PARTAKE , B, No. 3.

Notes: (1) In Romans 15:17 , the phrase ta pros, lit., "the (things) towards" is translated "things pertaining to," RV (AV, "those things which pertain to"); in Hebrews 2:17 ; Hebrews 5:1 , RV and AV, "things pertaining to." (2) In Acts 1:3 , AV, the phrase ta peri, "the (things) concerning" (RV), is translated "the things pertaining to." (3) In Romans 9:4 , the RV rightly translates the relative pronoun hon, lit., "of whom" from hos, "who"), by "whose is" (AV, "to whom pertaineth"). (4) In Romans 4:1 , AV, kata, "according to" (RV), is translated "as pertaining to." (5) For 1 Corinthians 6:3, 4 , see LIFE , B, No. 1.

Perverse, Pervert

1: ἀποστρέφω
(Strong's #654 — Verb — apostrepho — ap-os-tref'-o )

"to turn away" (apo, "from," strepho, "to turn"), is used metaphorically in the sense of "perverting" in Luke 23:14 (cp. No. 2 in ver. 2). See BRING , No. 22.

2: διαστρέφω
(Strong's #1294 — Verb — diastrepho — dee-as-tref'-o )

"to distort, twist" (dia, "through," and strepho), is translated "to pervert" in Luke 23:2 (cp. No. 1 in ver. 14); Acts 13:10 [in ver. 8, "to turn aside" (AV, "away"]; in the perfect participle, Passive Voice, it is translated "perverse," lit., "turned aside, corrupted," in Matthew 17:17 ; Luke 9:41 ; Acts 20:30 ; Philippians 2:15 .

3: μεταστρέφω
(Strong's #3344 — Verb — metastrepho — met-as-tref'-o )

"to transform into something of an opposite character" (meta, signifying "a change," and strepho,) as the Judaizers sought to "pervert the gospel of Christ," Galatians 1:7 ; cp. "the sun shall be turned into darkness," Acts 2:20 ; laughter into mourning and joy to heaviness, James 4:9 . See TURN.

4: ἐκστρέφω
(Strong's #1612 — Verb — ekstrepho — ek-stref'-o )

"to turn inside out" (ek, "out"), "to change entirely," is used metaphorically in Titus 3:11 , RV, "is perverted" (AV, "is subverted"). See SUBVERT.

Note: For "perverse disputings," 1 Timothy 6:5 , AV, see DISPUTE , A, No. 3.

Pestilence, Pestilent Fellow

1: λοιμός
(Strong's #3061 — Noun Masculine — loimos — loy-mos' )

"a pestilence, any deadly infectious malady," is used in the plural in Luke 21:11 (in some mss., Matthew 24:7 ); in Acts 24:5 , metaphorically, "a pestilent fellow." See FELLOW.

Petition

1: αἴτημα
(Strong's #155 — Noun Neuter — aitema — ah'ee-tay-mah )

from aiteo, "to ask" is rendered "petitions" in 1 John 5:15 : see ASK , B, and cp. the distinction between A, Nos. 1 and 2. Cp. deesis (see PRAYER).

Pharisees

1: Φαρισαῖος
(Strong's #5330 — Noun Masculine — pharisaios — far-is-ah'-yos )

from an Aramaic word peras (found in Daniel 5:28 ), signifying "to separate," owing to a different manner of life from that of the general public. The "Pharisees" and Sadducees appear as distinct parties in the latter half of the 2nd cent. B.C., though they represent tendencies traceable much earlier in Jewish history, tendencies which became pronounced after the return from Babylon (537 B.C.). The immediate progenitors of the two parties were, respectively, the Hasideans and the Hellenizers; the latter, the antecedents of the Sadducees, aimed at removing Judaism from its narrowness and sharing in the advantages of Greek life and culture. The Hasidaeans, a transcription of the Hebrew chasidim, i.e., "pious ones," were a society of men zealous for religion, who acted under the guidance of the scribes, in opposition to the godless Hellenizing party; they scrupled to oppose the legitimate high priest even when he was on the Greek side. Thus the Hellenizers were a political sect, while the Hasidaens, whose fundamental principle was complete separation from non-Jewish elements, were the strictly legal party among the Jews, and were ultimately the more popular and influential party. In their zeal for the Law they almost deified it and their attitude became merely external, formal, and mechanical. They laid stress, not upon the righteousness of an action, but upon its formal correctness. Consequently their opposition to Christ was inevitable; His manner of life and teaching was essentially a condemnation of theirs; hence His denunciation of them, e.g., Matthew 6:2, 5, 16 ; Matthew 15:7 and chapter 23.

While the Jews continued to be divided into these two parties, the spread of the testimony of the Gospel must have produced what in the public eye seemed to be a new sect, and in the extensive development which took place at Antioch, Acts 11:19-26 , the name "Christians" seems to have become a popular term applied to the disciples as a sect, the primary cause, however, being their witness to Christ (see CALL , A, No. 11). The opposition of both "Pharisees" and Sadducees (still mutually antagonistic, Acts 23:6-10 ) against the new "sect" continued unabated during apostolic times.

Philosopher

1: φιλόσοφος
(Strong's #5386 — Noun Masculine — philosophos — fil-os'-of-os )

lit., "loving wisdom" (philos, "loving," sophia, "wisdom"), occurs in Acts 17:18 .

Philosophy

1: φιλοσοφία
(Strong's #5385 — Noun Feminine — philosophia — fil-os-of-ee'-ah )

denotes "the love and pursuit of wisdom," hence, "philosophy," the investigation of truth and nature; in Colossians 2:8 , the so-called "philosophy" of false teachers. "Though essentially Greek as a name and as an idea, it had found its way into Jewish circles ... Josephus speaks of the three Jewish sects as the "philosophies" ... It is worth observing that this word, which to the Greeks denotes the highest effort of the intellect, occurs here alone in Paul's writings ... the Gospel had deposed the term as inadequate to the higher standard whether of knowledge or of practice, which it had introduced" (Lightfoot).

Phylactery

1: φυλακτήριον
(Strong's #5440 — Noun Neuter — phulakterion — foo-lak-tay'-ree-on )

primarily "an outpost," or "fortification" (phulax, "a guard"), then, "any kind of safeguard," became used especially to denote "an amulet." In the NT it denotes a prayer fillet, "a phylactery," a small strip of parchment, with portions of the Law written on it; it was fastened by a leather strap either to the forehead or to the left arm over against the heart, to remind the wearer of the duty of keeping the commandments of God in the head and in the heart; cp. Exodus 13:16 ; Deuteronomy 6:8 ; Deuteronomy 11:18 . It was supposed to have potency as a charm against evils and demons. The Pharisees broadened their "phylacteries" to render conspicuous their superior eagerness to be mindful of God's Law, Matthew 23:5 .

Physician

1: ἰατρός
(Strong's #2395 — Noun Masculine — iatros — ee-at-ros' )

akin to iaomai, "to heal," "a physician," occurs in Matthew 9:12 ; Mark 2:17 ; Mark 5:26 ; Luke 4:23 ; Luke 5:31 (in some mss., 8:43); Colossians 4:14 .

Piece

1: ἐπίβλημα
(Strong's #1915 — Noun Neuter — epiblema — ep-ib'-lay-mah )

primariy denotes "that which is thrown over, a cover" (epi, "over," ballo, "to throw"); then, "that which is put on, or sewed on, to cover a rent, a patch," Matthew 9:16 ; Mark 2:21 ; in the next sentence, RV, "that which should fill" (AV, "the new piece that filled"), there is no word representing "piece" (lit., "the filling," pleroma); see FILL , B: Luke 5:36 .

2: δραχμή
(Strong's #1406 — Noun Feminine — drachme — drakh-may' )

a drachma, firstly, "an Attic weight," as much as one can hold in the hand (connected with drassomai, "to grasp with the hand, lay hold of," 1 Corinthians 3:19 ), then, "a coin," nearly equal to the Roman denarius (see PENNY), is translated "pieces of silver" in Luke 15:8, 1 st part; "piece," 2nd part and Luke 15:9 .

3: μέρος
(Strong's #3313 — Noun Neuter — meros — mer'-os )

"a part," is translated "a piece (of a broiled fish)" in Luke 24:42 . See BEHALF , PART.

4: κλάσμα
(Strong's #2801 — Noun Neuter — klasma — klas'-mah )

"a broken piece" (from klao, "to break") is used of the broken pieces from the feeding of the multitudes, RV, "broken pieces," AV, "fragments," Matthew 14:20 ; Mark 6:43 ; Mark 8:19, 20 ; Luke 9:17 ; John 6:12, 13 ; in Matthew 15:37 ; Mark 8:8 , RV, "broken pieces" (AV, "broken meat").

5: ἀργύριον
(Strong's #694 — Noun Neuter — argurion — ar-goo'-ree-on )

which frequently denotes "money," also represents "a silver coin," of the value of a shekel or tetradrachmon (four times the drachme, see No. 2); it is used in the plural in Matthew 26:15 ; Matthew 27:3-9 . In Acts 19:19 , "fifty thousand of silver" is, lit., "fifty thousand of silver" (probably drachmas). See MONEY , SILVER.

Notes: (1) In Acts 27:44 , for AV, "broken pieces," the RV translates epi ("on") tinon ("certain things") ton ("the," i.e., "those namely") by "on other things;" there is no word in the original representing "pieces." (2) For the phrase "to break to (in) pieces," Matthew 21:44 , RV, and Mark 5:4 , see BREAK , A, Nos. 10 and 5 respectively. (3) In Luke 14:18 , AV, agros, "a field" (RV), is translated "a piece of ground." (4) In Matthew 17:27 , AV, stater, "a shekel" (RV), a tetradrachmon (see No. 5, above), is translated "a piece of money."

Pierce

1: διϊκνέομαι
(Strong's #1338 — Verb — diikneomai — dee-ik-neh'-om-ahee )

"to go through, penetrate" (dia, "through," ikneomaia, "to go"), is used of the power of the Word of God, in Hebrews 4:12 , "piercing." In the Sept., Exodus 26:28 .

2: διέρχομαι
(Strong's #1330 — Verb — dierchomai — dee-er'-khom-ahee )

"to go through," is translated "shall pierce through" in Luke 2:35 . See COME , No. 5.

3: ἐκκεντέω
(Strong's #1574 — Verb — ekkenteo — ek-ken-teh'-o )

primarily, "to prick out" (ek, "out," kenteo, "to prick"), signifies "to pierce," John 19:37 ; Revelation 1:7 .

4: νύσσω
(Strong's #3572 — Verb — nusso — noos'-so )

"to pierce" or "pierce through," often of inflicting severe or deadly wounds, is used of the piercing of the side of Christ, John 19:34 (in some mss., Matthew 27:49 ).

5: περιπείρω
(Strong's #4044 — Verb — peripeiro — per-ee-pi'-ro )

"to put on a spit," hence, "to pierce," is used metaphorically in 1 Timothy 6:10 , of torturing one's soul with many sorrows, "have pierced (themselves) through."

Piety

1: εὐσεβέω
(Strong's #2151 — Verb — eusebeo — yoo-seb-eh'-o )

"to reverence, to show piety" towards any to whom dutiful regard is due (akin to eusebes, "pious, godly, devout"), is used in 1 Timothy 5:4 of the obligation on the part of children and grandchildren (RV) to express in a practical way their dutifulness "towards their own family;" in Acts 17:23 of worshipping God. See WORSHIP.

Pigeon

* For PIGEON see DOVE , No. 1

Pilgrim

1: παρεπίδημος
(Strong's #3927 — Adjective — parepidemos — par-ep-id'-ay-mos )

an adjective signifying "sojourning in a strange place, away from one's own people" (para, "from," expressing a contrary condition, and epidemeo, "to sojourn;" demos, "a people"), is used of OT saints, Hebrews 11:13 , "pilgrims" (coupled with xenos, "a foreigner"); of Christians, 1 Peter 1:1 , "sojourners (of the Dispersion)," RV; Hebrews 2:11 , "pilgrims" (coupled with paroikos, "an alien, sojourner"); the word is thus used metaphorically of those to whom Heaven is their own country, and who are sojourners on earth.

Pillar

1: στῦλος
(Strong's #4769 — Noun Masculine — stulos — stoo'-los )

"a column supporting the weight of a building," is used (a) metaphorically, of those who bear responsibility in the churches, as of the elders in the church at Jerusalem, Galatians 2:9 ; of a local church as to its responsibility, in a collective capacity, to maintain the doctrines of the faith by teaching and practice, 1 Timothy 3:15 ; some would attach this and the next words to the statement in ver. 16; the connection in the Eng. versions seems preferable; (b) figuratively in Revelation 3:12 , indicating a firm and permanent position in the spiritual, heavenly and eternal Temple of God; (c) illustratively, of the feet of the angel in the vision in Revelation 10:1 , seen as flames rising like columns of fire indicative of holiness and consuming power, and thus reflecting the glory of Christ as depicted in Revelation 1:15 ; cp. Ezekiel 1:7 .

Pillow

1: προσκεφάλαιον
(Strong's #4344 — Noun Neuter — proskephalaion — pros-kef-al'-ahee-on )

denotes "a pillow, a cushion for the head" (pros, "to," kephale, "a head"), Mark 4:38 (RV, "cushion"). In the Sept., Ezekiel 13:18 .

Pine Away

1: ξηραίνω
(Strong's #3583 — Verb — xeraino — xay-rah'ee-no )

"to dry up, wither," is rendered "pineth away" in Mark 9:18 . See DRY.

Pinnacle

1: πτερύγιον
(Strong's #4419 — Noun Neuter — pterugion — pter-oog'-ee-on )

denotes (a) "a little wing" (diminutive of pterux, "a wing"); (b) "anything like a wing, a turret, battlement," of the temple in Jerusalem, Matthew 4:5 ; Luke 4:9 (of the hieron, "the entire precincts," or parts of the main building, as distinct from the naos, "the sanctuary"). This "wing" has been regarded (1) as the apex of the sanctuary, (2) the top of Solomon's porch, (3) the top of the Royal Portico, which Josephus describes as of tremendous height (Antiq. xv. 11.5). It is used in the Sept. of the fins of fishes, e.g., Leviticus 11:9-12 ; of the part of a dress, hanging down in the form of a wing, Ruth 3:9 ; 1 Samuel 24:5 .

Pipe

A — 1: αὐλός
(Strong's #836 — Noun Masculine — aulos — ow-los' )

"a wind instrument," e.g., "a flute" (connected with aemi, "to blow"), occurs in 1 Corinthians 14:7 .

B — 1: αὐλέω
(Strong's #832 — Verb — auleo — ow-leh'-o )

"to play on an aulos," is used in Matthew 11:17 ; Luke 7:32 ; 1 Corinthians 14:7 (2nd part).

Pipers

* For PIPERS, Revelation 18:22 , AV, see FLUTE PLAYERS

Pit

1: φρέαρ
(Strong's #5421 — Noun Neuter — phrear — freh'-ar )

"a well, dug for water" (distinct from pege, "a fountain"), denotes "a pit" in Revelation 9:1, 2 , RV, "the pit (of the abyss)," "the pit," i.e., the shaft leading down to the abyss, AV, "(bottomless) pit;" in Luke 14:6 , RV, "well" (AV, "pit"); in John 4:11, 12 , "well." See WELL.

2: βόθυνος
(Strong's #999 — Noun Masculine — bothunos — both'-oo-nos )

is rendered "pit" in Matthew 12:11 : see DITCH.

3: ἄβυσσος
(Strong's #12 — Noun Feminine — abussos — ab'-us-sos )

see BOTTOMLESS , B.

4: ὑπολήνιον
(Strong's #5276 — Noun Neuter — hupolenion — hoop-ol-ah'-nee-on )

denotes "a vessel or trough beneath a winepress," to receive the juice, Mark 12:1 , RV, "a pit for the winepress" (AV, "a place for ... the wine-fat").

Note: For "pits," 2 Peter 2:4 , RV, see CHAIN Note (1).

Pitch

1: πήγνυμι
(Strong's #4078 — Verb — pegnumi — payg'-noo-mee )

"to make fast, to fix" (cp. prospegnumi, Acts 2:23 , of crucifixion), is used of "pitching" a tent; in Hebrews 8:2 , of the "true tabernacle," the heavenly and spiritual, which "the Lord pitched."

Pitcher

1: κεράμιον
(Strong's #2765 — Noun Neuter — keramion — ker-am'-ee-on )

"an earthen vessel" (keramos, "potter's clay"), "a jar" or "jug," occurs in Mark 14:13 ; Luke 22:10 .

Pitiable

1: ἐλεεινός
(Strong's #1652 — Adjective — eleeinoteros — el-eh-i-nos' )

the comparative degree of eleeinos, "miserable, pitiable" (eleos, "pity"), is used in 1 Corinthians 5:19 , "most pitiable" (RV), lit., "more pitiable than all men." See MISERABLE.

Pitiful, Pity

1: πολύσπλαγχνος
(Strong's #4184 — Adjective — polusplanchnos — pol-oo'-splankh-nos )

denotes "very pitiful" or "full of pity" (polus, "much," splanchnon, "the heart;" in the plural, "the affections"), occurs in James 5:11 , RV, "full of pity."

2: εὔσπλαγχνος
(Strong's #2155 — Adjective — eusplanchnos — yoo'-splangkh-nos )

"compassionate, tenderhearted," lit., "of good heartedness" (eu, "well," and splanchnon), is translated "pitiful" in 1 Peter 3:8 , AV, RV, "tenderhearted," as in Ephesians 4:32 .

Place

A — 1: τόπος
(Strong's #5117 — Noun Masculine — topos — top'-os )

(Eng., "topic," "topography," etc.,) is used of "a region" or "locality," frequently in the Gospels and Acts; in Luke 2:7 ; Luke 14:22 , "room;" of a place which a person or thing occupies, a couch at table, e.g., Luke 14:9, 10 , RV, "place" (AV, "room"); of the destiny of Judas Iscariot, Acts 1:25 ; of the condition of the "unlearned" or non-gifted in a church gathering, 1 Corinthians 14:16 , RV, "place;" the sheath of a sword, Matthew 26:52 ; a place in a book, Luke 4:17 ; see also Revelation 2:5 ; Revelation 6:14 ; Revelation 12:8 ; metaphorically, of "condition, occasion, opportunity" Acts 25:16 , RV , "opportunity" (AV, "license"); Romans 12:19 ; Ephesians 4:27 . See OPPORTUNITY , ROOM.

A — 2: χωρίον
(Strong's #5564 — Noun Neuter — chorion — kho-ree'-on )

"a region" (a diminutive of chora, "a land, country"), is used of Gethsemane, Matthew 26:36 ; Mark 14:32 . See FIELD.

A — 3: ὑπεροχή
(Strong's #5247 — Noun Feminine — huperoche — hoop-er-okh-ay' )

"high place," 1 Timothy 2:2 : see AUTHORITY , No. 3.

A — 4: περιοχή
(Strong's #4042 — Noun Feminine — perioche — per-ee-okh-ay' )

primarily "a circumference, compass" (peri, "around," echo, "to have"), hence denotes "a portion circumscribed," that which is contained, and in reference to a writing or book, "a portion or passage of its contents," Acts 8:32 , "(the) place."

A — 5: ἀκροατήριον
(Strong's #201 — Noun Neuter — akroaterion — ak-ro-at-ay'-ree-on )

denotes "a place of audience" (akroaomai, "to listen"), Acts 25:23 , "place of hearing."

A — 6: πρωτοκλισία
(Strong's #4411 — Noun Feminine — protoklisia — pro-tok-lis-ee'-ah )

see CHIEF , B, No. 7.

Notes: (1) For ope, "a hole," James 3:11 , AV, "place," see OPENING: see also CAVE. (2) For "place of toll," Matthew 9:9 ; Mark 2:14 , see CUSTOM TOM (TOLL), No. 2. (3) In Hebrews 4:5 "in this place" is, lit., "in this," i.e., "in this (passage)." (4) In Luke 6:17 , RV, topos, with pedinos, "level," is translated "level place" (AV, "plain"). (5) For amphodon, rendered "a place where two ways met," Mark 11:4 (RV, "the open street"), see STREET. (6) For eremia, "a desert place," see DESERT , A. (7) In 1 Corinthians 11:20 ; 1 Corinthians 14:23 , AV, the phrase epi to auto, lit., "to the same," is translated "into one place," RV, "together;" perhaps == "in assembly." (8) For "secret place," Luke 11:33 , AV, see CELLAR. (9) For "place of prayer," Acts 16:13 , RV, see PRAYER. (10) For Philippians 1:13 (AV, "in all other places"), RV, "to all the rest," see PALACE. (11) For "rocky places," Mark 4:16 , see ROCKY.

B — 1: ἀναχωρέω
(Strong's #402 — Verb — anachoreo — an-akh-o-reh'-o )

"to withdraw" (ana, "back," choreo, "to make room, retire"), is translated "give place" in Matthew 9:24 . See DEPART , No. 10.

B — 2: εἴκω
(Strong's #1502 — Verb — eiko — i'-ko )

"to yield, give way," is rendered "gave place" in Galatians 2:5 .

B — 3: γίνομαι
(Strong's #1096 — Verb — ginomai — ghin'-om-ahee )

"to become, take place," is translated "(a death) having taken place" in Hebrews 9:15 , RV, AV, "by means of (death)," referring, not to the circumstances of a testamentary disposition, but to the sacrifice of Christ as the basis of the New Covenant.

Note: For choreo in John 8:37 , AV, "hath ... place," see COURSE , B.

C — 1: ὧδε
(Strong's #5602 — Adverb — hode — ho'-deh )

"here, hither," is translated "to ('unto,' RV) this place" in Luke 23:5 . See HERE.

C — 2: πανταχοῦ
(Strong's #3837 — Adverb — pantachou — pan-takh-oo' )

"everwhere," is translated "in all places" in Acts 24:3 . See EVERYWHERE , No. 2.

Notes: (1) For "in divers places," Matthew 24:7 , etc., see DIVERS , B, Note. (2) In the following the RV gives the correct meaning: in Mark 6:10 , ekeithen, "thence" (AV, "from that place"); in Hebrews 2:6 ; Hebrews 4:4 , pou, "somewhere" (AV, "in a certain place"); in Matthew 12:6 , hode, "here" (AV, "in this place"); in Mark 6:10 , hopou ean, "wheresoever" (AV, "in what place soever"). (3) The adjective entopios, "of that place," occurs in Acts 21:12 . (4) In James 2:3 kalos, "well" (AV, marg.), is rendered "in a good place." See DWELLING , HEAVENLY , HOLY , MARKET , SKULL , STEEP , YONDER.

Plague

1: μάστιξ
(Strong's #3148 — Noun Feminine — mastix — mas'-tix )

"a whip, scourge," Acts 22:24 , "by scourging;" Hebrews 11:36 , "scourgings," is used metaphorically of "disease" or "suffering," Mark 3:10 ; Mark 5:29, 34 ; Luke 7:21 . See SCOURGING.

2: πληγή
(Strong's #4127 — Noun Feminine — plege — play-gay' )

"a stripe, wound" (akin to plesso, "to smite"), is used metaphorically of a calamity, "a plague," Revelation 9:20 ; Revelation 11:6 ; Revelation 15:1, 6, 8 ; Revelation 16:9, 21 (twice); 18:4,8; 21:9; 22:18. See STRIPE , WOUND.

Plain

* For PLAIN (Noun) see PLACE , A, Note (4)

Plain, Plainly, Plainness

1: ὀρθῶς
(Strong's #3723 — Adverb — orthos — or-thoce' )

"rightly" (from orthos, "straight"), is translated "plain," in Mark 7:35 , of restored speech. See RIGHTLY.

2: παρρησία
(Strong's #3954 — Noun Feminine — parrhesia — par-rhay-see'-ah )

"boldness," is used adverbially in its dative case and rendered "plainly" in John 10:24 ; John 11:14 ; John 16:25 ; John 16:29 (with en, lit., "in plainness"). See BOLD , B, where see also "plainness of speech," 2 Corinthians 3:12 , RV.

Plait

1: πλέκω
(Strong's #4120 — Verb — pleko — plek'-o )

"to weave, twist, plait," is used of the crown of thorns inflicted on Christ, Matthew 27:29 ; Mark 15:17 ; John 19:2 .

Plaiting

* For PLAITING (of the hair) see BRAIDED, Note (1)

Plank

* For PLANK see BOARD

Plant

A — 1: φυτεία
(Strong's #5451 — Noun Feminine — phuteia — foo-ti'-ah )

firstly, "a planting," then "that which is planted, a plant" (from phuo, "to bring forth, spring up, grow," phuton, "a plant"), occurs in Matthew 15:13 . In the Sept., 2 Kings 19:29 ; Ezekiel 17:7 ; Micah 1:6 .

B — 1: φυτεύω
(Strong's #5452 — Verb — phuteuo — foot-yoo'-o )

"to plant," is used (a) literally, Matthew 21:33 ; Mark 12:1 ; Luke 13:6 ; Luke 17:6, 28 ; Luke 20:9 ; 1 Corinthians 9:7 ; (b) metaphorically, Matthew 15:13 ; 1 Corinthians 3:6, 7, 8 .

C — 1: σύμφυτος
(Strong's #4854 — Adjective — sumphutos — soom'-foo-tos )

firstly, "congenital, innate" (from sumphuo, "to make to grow together"), then, "planted" or "grown along with, united with," Romans 6:5 , AV, "planted together," RV, "united with Him," indicating the union of the believer with Christ in experiencing spiritually "the likeness of His death." See UNITED. Cp. emphutos, James 1:21 , RV, "implanted" (marg., "inborn"). See ENGRAFTED.