ABAHANUZI N’ABAMI
IGICE CYA 57 — UBUGOROZI/IVUGURURA (REFORMATION) 27
Abaturage b’Ubuyuda bari bararahiriye ku karubanda akandi bakomeje ko bazumvira amategeko y’Imana. Ariko igihe igitsure cya Ezira na Nehemiya cyari kidahari mu gihe runaka, habayeho benshi bitandukanyije n’Uwiteka. Icyo gihe Nehemiya yari yarasubiye mu Buperesi. Ubwo yari atari i Yerusalemu, hari ibibi byinshi byinjijwe ku buryo byari bigendereye guteshura ishyanga. Ntabwo abasenga ibigirwamana binjiye mu murwa wa Yerusalemu gusa, ahubwo kuhaba kwabo byahumanyije n’ibikari by’urusengero ubwabyo. Binyuze mu gushyingirana, Eliyashibu, umutambyi mukuru yari yaragiranye ubucuti na Tobiya w’Umwamoni, kandi uyu yari umwanzi gica w’Abisirayeli. Ingaruka y’uko kunga ubumwe kutejejwe yabaye iy’uko Eliyashibu yari yaremereye Tobiya kuba mu cyumba gifatanye n’urusengero. Kugeza icyo gihe icyo cyumba cyari ububiko bw’icyacumi n’amaturo abantu bazanaga. AnA 623.1
Bitewe n’ubugome n’uburiganya Abamoni n’Abamowabu bari baragiriye Abisirayeli, Imana yari yaravugiye mu knwa ka Mose ko badakwiriye na hato kwinjira mu iteraniro ry’ubwoko bwayo. Soma Gutegeka kwa kabiri 23:2-6. Mu rwego rwo gusuzugura iri jambo ry’Uwiteka, umutambyi mukuru yari yarasohoye amaturo yari abitswe mu cyumba cy’inzu y’Imana kugira ngo abone aho acumbikira uyu Tobiya wari uhagarariye ubwoko Uwiteka yabuzanyije [kwinjira mu iteraniro ry’ubwoko bwe]. Nta gusuzugurwa gukomeye gushobora kuba kwaragiriwe Imana kurenze uko guha amahirwe nk’ayo uyu mwanzi wayo n’ukuri kwayo. AnA 623.2
Ubwo yari agarutse avuye mu Buperesi, Nehemiya yamenye iby’uko guhumanya [inzu y’Imana] kwihandagaje maze afata ingamba zihuse zo kwirukana uwo mucengezi. Nehemiya aravuga ati: “Birambabaza cyane; ni cyo cyatumye ibintu bya Tobiya byose mbisahura mu nzu nkabijugunya hanze. Mperako ntegeka ko beza ibyumba; maze nsubizamo ibintu by’inzu y’Imana n’amaturo n’amafu n’icyome.” AnA 624.1
Ntabwo urusengero rwari rwarahumanyijwe gusa, ahubwo n’amaturo yari yarakoreshejwe nabi. Ibi byari byaratumye umutima wo gutangana ubuntu w’ishyanga ucika intege. Abantu bari baratakaje ubwuzu n’umwete byabo, kandi icyacumi nacyo bagitangaga bagononwa. Ububiko bw’inzu y’Uwiteka bwazanwagamo ibintu bike cyane; benshi mu baririmbyi n’abandi bantu bakoraga mu buturo bwera bari bararetse umurimo w’Uwiteka bajya gukora ahandi bitewe no kudahabwa ibyo kubunganira bihagije. AnA 624.2
Nehemiya yiyemeje kugira icyo akora kugira ngo akureho icyo gisuzuguriro (He set to work to correct these abuses. p.670). Yateranyirije hamwe abari barataye umurimo w’inzu y’Uwiteka, maze “abasubiza ahabo.” Ibi byatumye rubanda rugira ibyiringiro n’ubutwari maze Abayuda bose “bazana kimwe mu icumi cy’imyaka y’impeke na vino n’amavuta, babishyira mu bubiko.” Abari abagabo b’abiringirwa bagizwe abacungamutungo b’ububiko, kandi “umurimo wabo wari uwo kugaburira bene wabo.” AnA 624.3
Indi ngaruka mbi yo gushyingirana n’abasenga ibigirwamana yabaye iyo kwirengagiza Isabato, ikimenyetso cyatandukanyaga Abisirayeli — nk’ishyanga ryasengaga Imana nyakuri - n’andi mahanga [yasengaga ibigirwamana]. Nehemiya yaje kubona ko abacuruzi b’abapagani baturutse mu bihugu bikikije Ubuyuda, bazaga i Yerusalemu, bari barateye benshi mu Bisirayeli kwishora mu bucuruzi ku munsi w’Isabato. Habayeho bamwe mu Bisirayeli batashoboraga kwemezwa gutatira ihame bemeraga, nyamara abandi bararyishe ndetse bifatanya n’abapagani mu muhati wabo wo gutsinda umubare muto w’abari bamaramaje. Benshi barihandagaje bica Isabato. Nehemiya arandika ati: “Muri iyo minsi mbona i Buyuda abantu bengera mu mivure ku isabato, n’abandi bazana imiba bakayikoreza indogobe zabo, mbona na vino n’inzabibu n’imbuto z’imitini n’imitwaro y’uburyo bwose bazanaga muri Yerusalemu ku isabato. . . . Kandi hariho abagabo b’i Tiro bazanaga amafi n’ibintu by’uburyo bwose, bakagura n’Abayuda ku isabato muri Yerusalemu.” AnA 624.4
Uku ibintu byari bihagaze kuba kwarakumiriwe mbere iyo abayobozi bakoresha ubutware bwabo; ariko umururumba wo kuteza imbere inyungu zabo bwite wari warabateye guha icyuho abatubaha Imana. Nehemiya yabacyashye ashize amanga kubwo kwirengagiza inshingano yabo kwabo. Yababajije akomeje ati: “Ni iki cyabateye gukora icyaha gisa gityo mugasuzuguza umunsi w’isabato? Eseba sokuruza banyu si uko babigenje bigatuma Imana yacu ituzanaho ibi byago no kuri uyu murwa? None namwe mugiye kongerera Abisirayeli uburakari, muzira gusuzuguza isabato.” Bityo izuba ritararenga ngo isabato itangire atanga itegeko rivuga ko “inzugi z’amarembo y’I Yerusalemu zikingwa, kandi ko zidakingurwa kugeza aho isabato ishirira,” kandi kubera ko yari yiringiye abagaragu be bwite kuruta abo abacamanza bo muri Yerusalemu bari gushyiraho, yashyize abo bagaragu ku marembo kugira ngo barebe ko amabwiriza yatanze yubahirizwa. AnA 625.1
Ubwo batemeraga kureka umugambi wabo, “abatunzi n’abagura ibintu by’uburyo bwose [baraye] inyuma y’i Yerusalemu rimwe cyangwa kabiri,” biringiye ko barabona uburyo bwo kugura no kugurisha haba ku baturage bmu muri Yeusalemu cyangwa abandi. Nehemiya yaburiye abo bacuruzi ko nibakomeza kugenza batyo azabahana. Yarababajije ati: “Ni iki gituma murara inyuma y’inkike? Nimwongera nzabafata.” “Maze uhereye uwo munsi, ntibongera kugaruka ku Isabato.” Nanone kandi yategetse Abalewi kurinda amarembo, kuko yari azi ko abantu bazabubaha kurusha abandi bantu basanzwe, kandi kubw’uko bari bomatanye n’umurimo w’Imana, kwitega ko bazarushaho kugira umwete mu gushimangia kubaha amategeko yayo byarumvikanaga. AnA 626.1
Noneho ibyo birangiye Nehemiya yerekeje ibitekerezo bye ku ku kaga kari kugarije Isirayeli gaturutse ku gushyingirana no kunga ubumwe n’abasenga ibigirwamana. Nehemiya arandika ati: “Kandi muri iyo minsi mbona Abayuda abshyatse abagore b’Abanyashidodikazi n’Abamonikazi n’Abamowabukazi. Kandi abana babo bavugaga ururimi rwabo baruvanga n’urw’Abanyashidodi; ntibabashe kuvuga Uruyuda, ahubwo bakavuga ururimi rw’ishyanga ribonetse ryose.” AnA 626.2
Uko kwifatanya n’abanyamahanga kwateraga urujijo rukomeye muri Isirayeli; kuko bamwe mu bifatanyaga nabo bari abantu bo mu myanya yo hejuru, abayobozi rubanda rwashakiragaho inama ndetse rukabafataho icyitegererezo cyiza. Nehemiya abonye kure kurimbuka kwari gutegereje ishyanga mu gihe icyo kibi cyari kwemererwa gukomeza kubaho, yatonganyije cyane abakoze icyo kibi. Yaberetse ibyabaye kuri Salomo, maze abibutsa ko mu mahanga yose nta mwami umeze nka we wigeze kubaho Imana yari yarahaye ubwenge bwinshi nka we; nyamara abagore basengaga ibigirwamana bari barateshuye umutima we ku Mana, kandi urugero yatanze rwari rwaranduje Isirayeli. Nehemiya yababajije arakaye ati: “None namwe tubemerere se mukore iki cyaha gikomeye, ngo mucumure ku Mana yacu, murongore abakobwa b’abanyamahanga?” “Ntimugashyingirane na bo, kandi namwe ntimukabarongoremo.” AnA 626.3
Ubwo yabibutsaga amategeko y’Imana n’ibyo yavuze izabahanisha, ndetse akabibutsa ibihano biteye ubwoba Isirayeheli yahanishijwe mu bihe byashize kubera icyo cyaha, intekerezo zabo zarakangutse, bityo hatangira umurimo w’ubugorozi (ivugurura/reformation) waje guhagarika kugerwaho n’uburakari bw’Imana ahubwo ubazanira kwemerwa nayo ndetse n’imigisha yayo. AnA 627.1
Habayeho bamwe bari bari mu nshingano zera bingingiye abagore babo b’abapagani,bakavuga ko badashobora gutandukana nabo. Nyamara nta tandukaniro ryashyizweho; nta kwita ku rwego cyangwa umwanya w’ubuyobozi kwagaragajwe. Uwo ari we wese mu batambyi cyangwa abayobozi wanze kureka ubumwe yari afitanye n’abasenga ibigirwamana yahise akurwa mu murimo w’Uwiteka. Umwuzukuru w’umutambyi mukuru wari wararongoye umukobwa wa Sanibalati, ntiyakuwe ku murimo we gusa ahubwo yahise acibwa no muri Isirayeli. Nehemiya yarasenze ati: “Mana yanjye, ujye ubibuka, kuko bahumanijje ubutambyi n’isezerano ry’abatambyi n’iry’Abalewi.” AnA 627.2
Urubanza rwonyine ni rwo ruzagaragaza uburemere bw’umubabaro wo mu mutima uku kudakebakeba kwari gukenewe byatwaye uyu mugaragu w’Imana ukiranuka. Habayeho urugamba ruhoraho ahanganye n’ibyamurwanyaga, kandi habayeho kujya mbere kubwo kwiyiriza ubusa, kwicisha bugufi no gusenga. AnA 627.3
Benshi bari bararongoye abasenga ibigirwamana bahisemo kujyana nabo mu buhungiro, kandi aba hamwe n’abari baraciwe mu iteraniro ry’Abisirayeli bifatanyije n’Abasamariya. Ahangaha ni ho bamwe mu bari bafite imyanya yo hejuru y’ubuyobozi mu murimo w’Imana berekeje kandi nyuma y’igihe runaka bifatanya n’Abasamariya rwose. Mu rwego gusahaka gukomeza uwo mubano, Abasamariya basezeranye kuyoboka rwose ukwizera kwa Kiyahudi ndetse n’imigenzo y’Abayahudi, bityo abahakanyi nabo biyemeza kugirira neza birenze abahoze ari abavandimwe babo maze bubaka urusengero ku Musozi wa Gerizimu ruhanganye n’inzu y’Imana y’i Yerusalemu. Idini yabo yakomeje kuba uruvange rw’idini ya Kiyahudi n’iya gipagani, kandi uko ibihe byagiye biha ibindi, uko bavugaga ko ari ubwoko bw’Imana byabaye intandaro yo kutumvikana no kwitandukanya, kurushanwa ndetse n’urwango hagati y’ayo moko yombi (Abayuda n’Abasamariya). AnA 627.4
Mu murimo w’ubugorozi (ivugurura) ugomba gukorwa muri iki gihe, hakenewe abantu, nka Ezira na Nehemiya, batazigera boroshya uburemere bw’Icyaha cyangwa ngo bagitangire urwitwazo, cyangwa ngo batinye guhagarara no gukomera ku cyubahiro cy’Imana. Abafite umutwaro wo gukora uyu murimo ntibazagira amahoro igihe ikibi gikorwa, nta nubwo bazigera batwikiriza ikibi umwenda w’ubugwaneza bw’ikinyoma. Bazibuka ko Imana itita ku cyubahiro cy’abantu, kandi ko guhana abantubake wihanukiriye bishobora guhesha benshi imbabazi. Bazibuka kandi ko umwuka wa Kristo ukwiriye guhora ugaragarira mu muntu ucyaha ikibi. AnA 628.1
Mu murimo wabo, Ezira na Nehemiya bicishije bugufi imbere y’Imana, batura ibyaha byabo n’iby’ubwoko bwabo, kandi basaba imbabazi nk’aho bo ubwabo ari bo bakoze ibyaha. Barakoze, barasenga kandi barababara ariko bafite kwihangana. Icyatumye umurimo wabo urushaho gukomera ntabwo ari urugomo cyangwa kurwanywa n’abapagani ku mugaragaro, ahubwo icyatumye ukomera ni ukurwanywa rwihishwa n’abiyitaga incuti zabo bari bareguriye imbaraga zabo gukoreshwa ikibi bityo bagatuma umutwaro w’abagaragu b’Imana urushaho kuremera incuro cumi. Abo bagambanyi bahaye abanzi b’Uwiteka ibikoresho bifashisha mu kurwanya ubwoko bwe. Ibyifuzo byabo bibi no kwigomeka kwabo byahoraga amabwiriza yumvikana neza Imana yatanze. AnA 628.2
Insinzi imihati ya Nehemiya yagezeho igaragaza icyo isengesho, ukwizera ndetse no gukorana umwete bizasohoza. Nehemiya ntiyari umutambyi; ntiyari umuhanuzi; ndetse ntiyigeze ashaka no kugira umwanya wo hejuru. Yari umugorozi wahagurukijwe mu gihe gikomeye. Umugambi we wari uwo kunga ab’ubwoko bwe n’Imana. Kubwo gusunikwa n’umugambi ukomeye yari afite, yakoresheje imbaraga ze zose kugira ngo asohoze uwo mugambi. Ubupfura butagereranywa ni bwo bwaranze imihati ye. Ubwo yahanganaga n’ikibi no kurwanya icyiza (opposition to right, p.676), yahagaze ashikamye ku buryo abantu bakanguriwe gukorana ubwuzu n’umwete bishya. Bashoboraga kubona ubudahemuka bwe, gukunda igihugu kwe ndetse n’uko yakundaga Imana byimbitse; bityo babonye ibyo, biyemeza kumukurikiza bakajya aho abayoboye. AnA 629.1
Gukorana umwete inshingano Imana yahaye umuntu ni umugabane w’ingenzi w’iyobokamana cyangwa idini nyakuri. Abantu bakwiriye gufata ibibaho nk’ibikoresho Imana itanze kugira ngo ubushake bwayo busohozwe. Icyemezo cyihutiwe kandi kidakebakeba gifashwe mu gihe gikwiriye kizagera ku nsinzi zihebuje, mu gihe gutindiganya no kwirengagiza bibyara gutsindwa no gusuzuguza Imana. Iyo abayobozi mu murimo wo kwamamaza ukuri batagaragaje umwete n’ubwuzu, iyo batagira icyo bitaho ntibagire n’umugambi bakurikiye, itorero ntirizagira icyo ryitaho, rizaba inkorabusa kandi rikunde ibinezeza; ariko abayobozi nibaba buzuwe n’umugambi wera wo gukorera Imana yonyine, abarigize bazunga ubumwe, kandi bagire ibyiringiro n’ubwuzu. AnA 629.2
Ijambo ry’Imana ryuzuyemo ibintu bihabanye bikomeye. Icyaha n’ubutungane birabangikanye ku buryo tubyitegereje, dushobora kwirinda kimwe kandi tukemera ikindi. Impapuro zigaragaza urwango, ibinyoma n’uburiganya bya Sanibalati na Tobiya, zinavuga ubupfura, kwiyanga no kwitanga bya Ezira na Nehemiya. Dufite umudendezo wo kwigana bimwe uko twabyihitiramo. Ingaruka ziteye ubwoba zo kwica amategeko y’Imana zashyizwe aho ziteganye n’imigisha ikomoka ku kumvira. Twe ubwacu tugomba gufata icyemezo niba tuzababazwa n’ingaruka cyangwa niba tuzishimira imigisha. AnA 630.1
Umurimo w’ivugurura n’ubugorozi wakozwe n’abari bavuye mu bunyage bayobowe na Zerubabeli, Ezira na Nehemiya, ugaragaza isura y’umurimo w’ivugurura mu by’umwuka ugomba gukorwa mu minsi iheruka y’amateka y’iyi si. Abari barasigaye muri Isirayeli bari ubwoko bufite intege nke, bwiteguye kugerwaho n’isenya no kwangiza by’abanzi babo. Nyamara binyuze kuri abo basigaye Imana yagambiriye kurindira ku isi kuyimenya ndetse n’amategeko yayo. Bari abarinzi bo kuramya nyakuri, kandi bari babikijwe amagambo y’amateka yera. Ibyagiye bibabaho igihe basanaga urusengero n’inkike za Yerusalemu biratandukanye; kandi kurwanywa bagombaga guhangana na ko kwari gukomeye. Imitwaro abayobozi muri uyu murimo bikoreye wari uremereye cyane; ariko abo bagabo bateye intambwe bajya mbere bafite ibyiringiro bitanyeganyezwa, kwicisha bugufi mu mutima, kandi bishingikirije ku Mana ubutadohoka, bizeye ko izatuma ukuri kwayo gutsinda. Nk’uko umwami Hezekiya yabigenje, Nehemiya “yomatanye n’Uwiteka, [ntiyareka kumukurikira], ahubwo [yitondera] amategeko ye . . . Uwiteka yabanaga na we.” 2Abami 18:6,7. AnA 630.2
Ivugurura mu by’umwuka ryabaye igishushanyo cy’umurimo wakozwe na Nehemiya, rivugwa mu magambo ya Yesaya agira ati: “Nuko bazubaka ahasenyutse, bazubura amatongo yabanje kubaho, kandi bazasana imidugudu yasenyutse yamaze ibihe byinshi ari imyirare.” “N’abazagukomokaho bazubaka mu matongo ya kera yasenyutse; uzongera gushinga imfatiro zariho ku ngoma nyinshi; kandi uzitwa Uwica icyuho, kandi Usibura inzira zijya mu ngo.” Yesaya 61:4; 58:12. AnA 631.1
Ahangaha umuhanuzi aravuga iby’ubwoko bushaka gusubizaho amahame agize urufatiro rw’ubwami bw’Imana mu gihe cyo gutandukira ukuri n’ubutungane byabaye rusange. Ni abica icyuho cyaciwe mu mategeko y’Imana ari yo rukuta bagoteshejwe kugira ngo rubarinde, kandi kumvira ayo mategeko y’ubutabera, ukuri n’ubutungane ni ukuyabera umurinzi iteka. AnA 631.2
Mu magambo afite ubusobanuro bwumvikana neza, umuhanuzi agaragaza umurimo wihariye ubu bwoko bwasigaye bwubaka inkike bufite. Aravuga ati: “Nuhindukira ntukandagire isabato, ukanga gukora ibyo wishakiye ku munsi wanjye wera, ahubwo ukita isabato umunezero, umunsi wera w’Uwiteka ukawita uw’icyubahiro, ukawubaha, ntube icyigenge, ntiwishakire ibyo kwinezeza, ntimivugire ibyo ushaka ku bwawe, nuko uzishimira Uwiteka; nanjye nzaguha kurambagira mu mpinga z’igihugu; kandi nzagutungisha gakondo ya sogokuruza Yakobo. Akanwa k’Uwiteka ni ko kabivuze.” Yesaya 58:13,14. AnA 631.3
Mu bihe biheruka, gahunda yose yashyizweho n’Imana igomba kuvugururwa. Icyuho cyaciwe mu mategeko y’Imana igihe umuntu yahinduraga Isabato kigomba gusibwa. Ubwoko bw’Imana bwasigaye, buhagaze ari abagorozi imbere y’abatuye isi, bugomba kugaragaza ko amategeko y’Imana ari yo rufatiro rw’ivugurura (cyangwa ubugorozi) ryose rihamye kandi ko Isabato ivugwa mu itegeko rya kane igomba guhagarara ari urwibutso rw’irema, ikaba ari ikimenyetso gihoraho cyibutsa ububasha bw’Imana. Mu magambo yumvikana neza kandi adakebakeba, bagomba kugaragaza ko kumvira amategeko yose yo mu Mategeko Cumi ari ngombwa. Kubwo guhatwa n’urukundo rwa Kristo, bagomba gukorana na We bubaka amatongo yasenyutse. Bagomba kuba abica icyuho n’abasibura inzira zijya mu ngo. Soma Yesaya 58:12. AnA 631.4