IBYAKOZWE N’INTUMWA

IGICE CYA 56 - PATIMOSI

Imyaka irenze mirongo itanu yari imaze guhita Itorero rya Gikristo rishinzwe. Muri icyo gihe ubutumwa bwiza bwakomezaga kurwanywa. Abanzi babwo ntibigeze bacogora kandi amaherezo bari barageze ku ntego yo gutuma ubutegetsi bw’umwami w’i Roma bubafasha kurwanya Abakristo. INI 349.1

Mu gihe cy’akarengane gakabije kaje gukurikiraho, intumwa Yohana yakoze ibishoboka byose kugira ngo akomeze ukwizera kw’abayoboke ba Kristo. Yatanze ubuhamya abanzi be batashoboraga kuvuguruza kandi bwafashije abavandimwe be guhangana n’ibigeragezo bagiye bahura na byo bafite ubutwari n’ubudahemuka. Igihe kwizera kw’Abakristo kwasaga n’ugukomwa hirya no hino bitewe no kurwanywa gukomeye bagombaga guhura nako, umugaragu wa kristo wari ugeze mu za bukuru kandi wahuye n’ibigeragezo, yavugaga n’imbaraga kandi ashize amanga agasubiriramo amateka y’umukiza wabambwe kandi akazuka. yashikamye ku kwizera kwe kandi buri gihe mu kwanwa ke hasohokaga ubu butumwa bushimishije agira ati: “uwahozeho uhereye mbere na mbere, uwo twumvise, uwo twiboneye n’amaso yacu, kandi uwo twitegereje, intoki zacu zikamukoraho, ni we jambo ry’ubugingo;… ibyo twabonye tukabyumva, ni byo tubabwira.” 1yohana 1:1-3. INI 349.2

Yohana yararamye agera ubwo aba umukambwe. ubwe yiboneye gusenyuka kwa yerusalemu n’amatongo y’urusengero rwaho rw’igitangaza. umwigishwa wabayeho kugeza nyuma y’abandi bose kandi wari warabaye incuti magara y’umukiza, yatanze ubutumwa bwagize uruhare rukomeye mu kwerekana ko yesu yari mesiya, umucunguzi w’isi. nta muntu n’umwe washoboraga gushidikanya ukuri kwe, kandi binyuze mu nyigisho ze abantu benshi bakuwe mu kutizera. INI 349.3

Abayobozi b’abayahudi banze yohana urunuka bitewe no gushikama kwe mu murimo wa kristo. bavuze ko umuhati wabo wo kurwanya abakristo ntacyo wari kugeraho igihe cyose abantu bazaba bacyumva ubuhamya bwa yohana. kugira ngo ibitangaza n’inyigisho za yesu bibashe kwibagirana, ni uko ijwi ry’umuhamya ushize amanga ryagombaga gucecekeshwa. INI 349.4

Kubw’ibyo yohana yahamagariwe kwitaba i roma kugira ngo acirwe urubanza kubera kwizera kwe. ari imbere y’abatware inyigisho z’intumwa zaragoretswe. abahamya b’ibinyoma bamushinje ko yigisha inyigisho ziyobya zateraga umuvurungano. abanzi be biringiraga ko ibi birego bizatuma yicwa. INI 349.5

Yohana yisobanuye mu buryo bwumvikana kandi busobanutse, kandi kuvuga muri ubwo buryo bworoheje kandi bwumvikana byatumye amagambo ye agira ingaruka ikomeye muri bo. abamwumvaga batangajwe n’ubwenge bwe n’imvugo ye iboneye. nyamara uko yarushagaho gutanga ubuhamya bubatsinda ni ko urwango rw’abamuregaga rwakazaga umurego. umwami w’abami domisiyani yarushijeho kurakara. ntiyashoboraga kugisha impaka umuvugizi w’inyangamugayo wa kristo cyangwa ngo ahangane n’imbaraga yatumaga yohana avuga ukuri, ariko yafashe icyemezo cyo kumucecekesha. INI 350.1

Yohana yajugunywe mu ngunguru y’amavuta abira ariko umwami imana yarinze ubugingo bw’umugaragu wayo w’indahemuka nk’uko yarinze abasore batatu b’abaheburayo mu itanura rigurumana. igihe havugwaga amagambo ngo: “uko ni ko abantu bose bizera yesu kristo w’i nazareti umushukanyi barimbuka,” yohana we yaravuze ati: “databuja yarihanganye ntiyarwanya abantu bose satani n’abamarayika be bacuriraga imigambi yo kumukoza isoni no kumwica urw’agashinyaguro. yatanze ubugingo bwe kugira ngo akize abatuye isi. nejejwe no kubabazwa ku bwe. ndi umuntu w’umunyantege nke kandi w’umunyabyaha. kristo yari umuziranenge, umunyamahoro kandi utanduye. ntiyigeze akora icyaha kandi nta buriganya bwabonetse mu kanwa ke. INI 350.2

Aya magambo yagize umumaro wayo maze yohana akurwa muri ya ngunguru n’abari bamujugunyemo. INI 350.3

Intumwa yohana yongeye guhura n’akandi karengane gakomeye. biturutse ku iteka ryaciwe n’umwami w’abami, yohana yaciriwe ku kirwa cya patimo, ahowe “ijambo ry’imana no guhamya kwa yesu.” (ibyahishuwe 1:9). abanzi be batekereje ko, igihe ari i patimo, ibye bitazongera kumvikana mu bantu ukundi kandi ko amaherezo azicwa n’umuruho n’agahinda. INI 350.4

Patimo, ikirwa cy’urutare n’ubutayu, kiri mu nyanja y’umunyu, cyari cyaratoranyijwe n’ubutegetsi bw’abanyaroma kuba ahantu ho gucira abagome; ariko ku mugaragu w’imana, aha hantu hijimye hamubereye irembo ry’ijuru. aha hantu yari atandukanyijwe n’imiruho yo mu buzima n’imirimo yari asanzwe akora, yari hamwe n’imana na kristo n’abamarayika b’ijuru kandi bamuhaye inama zigenewe itorero mu bihe byose bizakurikiraho. ibyari kuzaba mu bihe bya nyuma by’amateka y’isi yarabihishuriwe; kandi aho i patimo ni ho yandikiye ibyo yeretswe n’imana. igihe ijwi rye ritari rigishobora guhamya uwo yakundaga kandi yakoreraga, ubutumwa yaherewe kuri kiriya kirwa cy’ubutayu bwagombaga gukwira nk’itabaza ryaka buvuga umugambi nyakuri umwami imana ifitiye ishyanga ryose ryo ku isi. INI 350.5

Mu bihanamanga n’ibitare by’i patimo, yohana yasabanaga n’umuremyi we. yasubije amaso inyuma ku byari byarabaye mu mibereho ye maze atekereje imigisha yari yarabonye, amahoro asaba umutima we. yari yaragize imibereho y’umukristo kandi yashoboraga kuvugana kwizera ati: “twebwe tuzi yuko twavuye mu rupfu tukagera mu bugingo.” (1 yohana 3:14). nyamara umwami w’abami wari waramuciye we si ko byari bimeze. uyu we yashoboraga gusubiza amaso inyuma akabona gusa intambara yari yarateje n’amaraso yari yaramenye, yabonaga amatongo, abapfakazi n’imfubyi babogoza amarira, ibyo byose ari imbuto z’inyota ye yo gushaka kuruta abandi. INI 351.1

Igihe yari muri urwo rugo rwe rwitaruye, yohana yashoboye kwiga ukwigaragaza kw’imbaraga y’imana nk’uko byanditswe mu byaremwe no ku mpapuro z’ibyanditse byera, abyiga byimbitse kurusha mbere. kuri we yari anezejwe no gutekereza ku murimo w’irema no kuramya umuhanzi wo mu ijuru. mu myaka ye yabanje, amaso ye yarebaga amashyamba atwikiriye imisozi, imibande y’ibyatsi bibisi n’ibibaya birumbuka; kandi yari yarishimiye kubona ubwenge n’ubuhanga by’umuremyi mu bwiza by’ibyaremwe. yari akikijwe n’ibintu byari kugaragarira benshi ko biteye umubabaro kandi bidasamaje; nyamara yohana we yabibonaga ukundi. nubwo yari akikijwe n’ahantu hambaye ubusa, ikirere cy’ubururu cyari hejuru ye cyari cyiza nk’ibicu byari hejuru ya yerusalemu yakundaga. mu bitare byo mu gasozi, mu bwiru bwimbitse, mu bwiza bw’ikirere, yahasomaga ibyigisho by’ingenzi. byose byatangaga ubutumwa bw’imbaraga n’icyubahiro cy’imana. INI 351.2

Iruhande rwe hose intumwa yohana yahabonaga ibihamya by’umwuzure wari wararengeye isi kubera ko abari bayituye bagomeye amategeko y’imana. ibitare byari bayaravuye i kuzimu no munda y’isi bitewe no gusandara kw’amazi byibukije yohana uko gusukwa k’uburakari bw’imana kwari kumeze. uko amazi yasumaga, ni ko yohana yumvaga ijwi ry’umuremyi. inyanja yahoreraga bitewe n’imiyaga ikaze, yamwerekaga uburakari bw’imana abantu bari baracumuyeho. imiraba ikomeye, mu guhorera kwayo gukaze itararengaga imbibi zashyizweho n’ukuboko kw’itabonwa, yerekanaga ubutware bw’imbaraga y’uhoraho. ubihabanye n’ibyo yabonye intege nke n’ubuswa bw’abantu bapfa, abo n’ubwo ari iminyorogoto yo mu mukungugu bihesha icyubahiro kubera ubwenge bwabo n’imbaraga kandi bagakura imitima yabo ku mutegetsi w’isanzure nk’aho imana ari kimwe nabo ubwabo. ibitare byari bikikije yohana byamwibukije kristo, igitare cy’imbaraga ze, ari we nyir’ubwugamo yashoboraga kwihishamo nta gutinya. wa mwigishwa wahungiye ku kirwa cyuzuyeho ibitare cya patimosi, mu mutima we yifuzaga gusabana n’imana, bityo yasenganaga umutima umenetse. INI 351.3

Amateka ya yohana aduha urugero rukomeye ry’uburyo imana ishobora gukoresha abakozi bageze mu za bukuru. igihe yohana yacirirwaga ku kirwa cy’i patimo, hariho abantu benshi batekerezaga ko atagishoboye gukora, ko ari nk’urubingo rushaje kandi rusadutse, rushobora kuvunika rukagwa hasi igihe icyo ari cyo cyose. nyamara umwami imana yabonye ko akwiriye kumukoresha. nubwo yari aciwe aho yahoze akorera, ntiyarekeye aho guhamya ukuri. ndetse n’i patimo yahaboneye incuti n’abahindutse bakira ukuri. ubutumwa bwe bwari ubw’ibyishimo, yamamazaga umukiza wazutse akaba ari mu ijuru ari umuvugizi w’abantu be kugera ubwo azagaruka kubajyana iwe. igihe yohana yari amaze kugera mu za bukuru ari mu murimo w’umwami ni ho yavuganye n’ijuru cyane kurusha mu myaka yose yari yarabayeho. INI 352.1

Abantu bagiye bashyira imbere gukorera imana mu buzima bwabo bakwiriye kwitabwaho cyane. aba bakozi bageze mu za bukuru bagiye bahagarara ari indahemuka mu gihe cy’umugaru n’ibigeragezo. bashobora kugira ubusembwa, ariko baracyafite impano zituma bahagarara mu mwanya wabo kubw’umurimo w’imana. nubwo bananiwe kandi bakaba badashoboye kwikorera imitwaro iremereye abasore bashobora kandi bakwiye kwikorera, inama bashobora gutanga ifite agaciro gahanitse. INI 352.2

Bashobora kuba barakoze amakosa, ariko kubera ibyo bamenye uburyo bwo kwirinda amakosa n’amakuba. mbese kubw’ibyo ntibashoboye gutanga inama zirimo ubushishozi? bihanganiye ibishuko n’ibigeragezo kandi n’ubwo bahatakarije imbaraga zimwe, ntabwo umukiza abirengagiza. abaha ubuntu n’ubwenge byihariye. INI 352.3

Abantu bakoreye shebuja mu gihe umurimo wari ukomeye, abantu bihanganiye ubukene kandi bakomeza kuba indahemuka igihe hariho bake bashoboraga guhagararira ukuri, bagomba kubahwa. umwami imana yifuza ko abakiri bato bari mu murimo wayo babona ubwenge, imbaraga ndetse no gukura bifatanya n’izi nyangamugayo. reka abakiri bato bamenye ko kugira abantu bameze batyo muri bo ari amahirwe akomeye. reka babahe umwanya w’icyubahiro mu nama bakora. INI 352.4

Igihe abantu bakoresheje ubuzima bwabo mu murimo wa kristo bagana ku iherezo ry’umurimo wabo ku isi, bazahatwa na mwuka muziranenge kuvuga ibyo bagiye banyuramo bifitanye isano n’umurimo w’imana. amakuru avuga uburyo butangaje imana yagiye ikorana n’abantu bayo, ibyerekeye ukugira neza kwayo gukomeye kwabavanaga mu bigeragezo, bigomba gusubirwamo abantu bashya bakiriye ukwizera. imana yifuza ko abakozi bageze mu za bukuru kandi bageragejwe bahagarara mu mwanya wabo, bagakora uruhare rwabo rwo gukiza abagabo n’abagore kugira ngo badatwarwa n’umuhengeri ukomeye w’ikibi. yifuza ko bakomeza gufata intwaro kugeza igihe ababwiye ngo bazishyire hasi. INI 352.5

Mu mibereho y’intumwa yohana igihe yari mu karengane, hari isomo rifite imbaraga itangaje kandi rikomeza umukristo. ntabwo imana ibuza abanyabyaha gucura imigambi mibi, ariko ituma iyo migambi mibi yabo izanira ibyiza abashikama ku kwizera kwabo n’ubudahemuka bwabo mu bigeragezo n’intambara bahura nabyo. akenshi umubwirizabutumwa bwiza akomeza umurimo we mu miraba y’akarengane, mu kurwanywa gukomeye ndetse no kuvugwa nabi. mu bihe nk’ibyo, reka yibuke ko imibereho agomba kubonera mu itanura ry’ibigeragezo no kubabazwa ifite agaciro gahwanye n’umubabaro byasabye kugira ngo ayigereho. uko ni ko imana yiyegereza abana bayo, kugira ngo ishobore kubereka intege nke zabo n’imbaraga zayo. ibigisha kuyisunga. muri ubwo buryo, ibategurira guhura n’ibibazo bitunguranye, gukora inshingano zikomeye no gusohoza umugambi ukomeye baherewe imbaraga ngo bawugereho. INI 353.1

Mu bihe byose abahamya bashyizweho n’imana bagiye banengwa kandi bagahura n’akarengane kubera ukuri bamamazaga. yozefu yashinjwe ibinyoma kandi ararenganywa kubera ko yakomeye ku bunyangamugayo bwe n’ubudahemuka bwe. dawidi, intumwa yatoranyijwe n’imana, yahizwe bunyamaswa n’abanzi be. daniyeli yajugunywe mu rwobo rw’intare kubera ko yashikamye ku kubaha imana kwe. yobu yambuwe ubutunzi bwe bwo ku isi, kandi umubiri we urababara ku buryo abavandimwe be n’incuti bamuzinutswe; nyamara yakomeje ubudahemuka bwe. yeremiya ntiyashoboraga gukangishwa ngo ye kuvuga amagambo imana yari yaramuhaye kugira ngo avuge; kandi ubuhamya bwe bwarakaje cyane umwami n’ibikomangoma ku buryo yajugunywe mu rwobo. sitefano yatewe amabuye azira kubwirizaga kristo wabambwe. pawulo yashyizwe mu nzu y’imbohe, akubitwa ibiboko, aterwa amabuye maze amaherezo aricwa kubera ko yari intumwa y’indahemuka imana yatumye ku banyamahanga. yohana yaciriwe ku kirwa cy’i patimo, “bamuhora ijambo ry’imana no guhamya kwa yesu kristo.” ibyahishuwe 1:9. INI 353.2

Ibi byitegererezo byo gushikama kwa kimuntu bihamya ubudahemuka bw’amasezerano y’imana yo kubana natwe ndetse n’ubuntu bwayo budukomeza. izo ngero zihamya imbaraga yo kwizera inesha imbaraga z’isi. guturiza mu mana mu gihe cy’umwijima w’icuraburindi no kumva ko data wa twese ari hejuru ya byose, kabone nubwo twageragezwa cyane ndetse tugakozwa hirya no hino n’umuraba, ni umurimo wo kwizera. ijisho ryo kwizera ryonyine rishobora kureba hirya y’ibintu by’iki gihe maze rigasobanukirwa neza n’agaciro k’ubutunzi buhoraho. INI 353.3

Yesu ntajya aha abayoboke be ibyiringiro byo kugera ku ikuzo n’ubutunzi by’isi, ntabaha ibyiringiro byo kubaho badahura n’ibigeragezo. ahubwo abahamagarira kumukurikira mu nzira yo kwiyanga no gukozwa isoni. uwazanywe no gucungura isi yarwanyijwe n’imbaraga z’ikibi zishyize hamwe. mu bugambanyi bukomeye, abantu babi n’abamarayika ba satani bifatanyirije hamwe kugira ngo barwanye umwami w’amahoro. ijambo rye rwose n’igikorwa cyose yakoraga byahishuraga imbabazi z’imana kandi kuba yari atandukanye n’ab’isi byatumye bamugirira nabi cyane. INI 354.1

Uko ni ko bizagendekera abantu bose bazabaho bubaha imana muri kristo yesu. akarengane no gukozwa isoni bitegereje abantu bose buzuye umwuka wa kristo. imiterere y’akarengane igenda ihindagurika ijyana n’igihe, ariko umwuka ukayobora ni umwe n’uwicishije intore z’imana uhereye mu gihe cya abeli. INI 354.2

Mu bihe byose, satani yakomeje kurenganya ubwoko bw’imana. yarabatoteje kandi arabica, nyamara mu gupfa kwabo bahindutse abaneshi. babaye abahamya b’imbaraga y’urusha satani ubushobozi. abantu babi bashobora gutoteza no kwica umubiri, ariko ntibashobora gukora ku bugingo buhishanywe na kristo mu mana. bashobora gufungirana abagabo n’abagore mu nzu y’imbohe, ariko ntibashobora kuboha umwuka. INI 354.3

Mu bigeragezo no mu karengane, icyubahiro cy’imana gihishurirwa mu bo yatoranyije. iyo abizera kristo banzwe kandi bakarenganywa n’ab’isi, bigishwa kandi bagatunganyirizwa mu ishuri rya kristo. bagendera mu nzira zifunganye ku isi; batunganyirizwa mu itanura ry’umubabaro. bakurikira kristo mu ntambara zikaze; bihanganira kwitanga kandi bagahura n’ibibaca intege bikomeye; ariko muri ubwo buryo basobanukirwa icyaha n’umubabaro ukomeye giteza maze bagaherako bakakizinukwa. kuba ari abafatanyije imibabaro na kristo, bashobora kureba hirya y’umwijima bakabona ikuzo bityo bakavuga bati: “mbonye yuko imibabaro y’iki gihe idakwiriye kugereranywa n’ubwiza tuzahishurirwa.” abaroma 8:18. INI 354.4