Ivyizigiro Bihambaye

Ikigabane Ca 14 - Abagorozi Bo Hanyuma Mu Bwongereza

Mu gihe Luther yariko ararikira Abadagi gusoma Bibiliya, Tyndale yariko agobererwa na Mpwemu w’Imana gukora igikorwa nk’ico mu Bwongereza. Bibiliya Yohana Wycliffe yari yasobanuye mu congereza ayikuye mu rurimi rw’ikilatini yarimwo amakosa menshi. Ntibari bwayisohore mw’icapiro kandi ikiguzi c’iyo yandikishije iminwe cari kiremereye cane ku buryo abantu bakeya b’abatunzi n’abaganwa aribo bashbora kuyigura; kandi hamwe n’ivyo, kubera ko Ishengero ry’i Roma ryari ryarayankirije, ntiyari yarakwiragijwe cane hirya no hino. Mu mwaka w’ 1516, umwaka umwe imbere y’uko Luther ashira ahabona za ngingo 99, Erasme yari yarasohoye mw’icapiro Isezerano risha riri mu rurimi rw’ikilatini hamwe n’ikigiriki. Bwari bubaye ubwa mbere ijambo ry’Imana risohorwa mu rurimi ryari ryaratanzwemwo. Muri iki gikorwa ca Erasme, amakosa menshi yari yarabonetse muri Bibiliya bari bagiye bahindura yarakosowe ku buryo iciyumviro nyamukuru cashikirijwe cumvikana neza. Yarongoye benshi mu ncabwenge ku kumenya neza ukuri kandi ituma igikorwa c’Ubugorozi gitera intambwe yisununuye. Ariko rero, abantu basanzwe, mu buryo bwagutse, ntibari bwashikirwe n’ijambo ryTmana. Tyndale yaheraheje igikorwa ca Wycliffe mu gushikiriza Bibiliya abanyagihugu biwe. IB 179.3

Nk’umunyeshure w’incabwenge yama arajwe ishinga no gushikiriza ukuri, Tyndale yari yakiriye ubutumwa bwiza ku bwo gusoma Bibiliya y’ikigiriki ya Erasme. Ivyo yemera yaravyigishije ata bwoba, amenyesha ko inyigisho zose zitegerezwa gupimirwa ku Vyanditswe. Ku bayoboke b’ubupapa bashigikira ko Ishengero ari ryo ryatanze Bibiliya kandi ko ari naryo rikwiriye kuyisobanura, Tyndale yishuye avuga ati: “Mbega mwoba muzi uwigishije inkona gufata ivyo zirya? Rero uko ni ko iyo Mana nyene yigisha abana bayo bashonje gushikira umuvyeyi wabo mw’ijambo ryayo. Si mwebwe mwaduhaye Ivyanditswe ahubwo ni mwebwe mwabitunyegeje; ni mwebwe mwaturiye abariko baravyigisha, mbere iyo bibakundira, n'lvyanditswe ubwavyo mwari kubiturira.”( D'Aubigne, History of the Reformation of the Sixteenth Century, b. 18, ch. 4.) IB 180.1

Inyigisho za Tyndale zatumye habaho umunezero mwinshi maze abantu benshi bemera ukuri. Ariko abapatiri bama bamureretse ku buryo batateba kumutera ubwoba no kumudendereza mu ntumbero yo kwankiriza igikorwa cose yaba ahejeje gukora mu karere yaba avuyemwo. Kenshi mbere barashika ku mugambi wabo. Yama yitangaje ati: “None hokorwa iki?” “Igihe mba ndiko ndabiba imbuto mu kibanza kimwe, umwansi aca arandagura izo mba namaze guteragira mu wundi murima. Sinshobora kubera hose icarimwe. Iyaba abakritso bari bafise Ivyanditswe vyera mu rurimi rwabo, bohagaze ubwabo bagahangana n’ivyo vyiyumviro biciye kubiri n’ukuri. Ntushobora gutsimbataza ukuri mu bantu hatariho Bibiliya.” -(Ibid., b. 18, ch. 4) IB 180.2

Yahavuye agira intumbero nshasha mu vyiyumviro vyiwe. Yavuze ati: “Ko Amazaburi yama aririmbwa mu rusengero rwa Yehova mu rurimi rwa Isirayeli, none ubutumwa bwiza ntibwovugwa mu rurimi rw’icongereza hagati muri twebwe?...Mbega Ishengero ritegerezwa kugira umuco muke isaha zitandatu z’umurango ukarutwa n’uw’igihe c’umutwenzi?... Abakristo bategerezwa gusoma Isezerano risha mu rurimi rwabo kavukire. Incabwenge zo mu rwego rwo hejuru hamwe n'abigisha ntibemerana hagati muri bo. Bibiliya yonyene ni yo ishobora gutuma abantu bashika ku kuri. “Umuntu umwe usanga yenena ku nyigisho za Duns Scot, uwundi ku za Thomas d’Aquin, hamwe n’izindi nyinshi kandi.... Abo banditsi ivyo bashikirije ni ibihabane kandi biravuguruzanya. None twotandukanya gute hagati muri bo uwuvuga ukuri n’uwuvuga ibinyoma... Twobigenza gute? Dukoresheje gusa ijambo ry'Imana.” (Ibid., b. 18, ch. 4.) IB 180.3

Inyuma y’aho, bariko baraharira n’incabwenge imwe y’umugatolika, uno yarinamuye aravuga ati: “Twari kuba tumerewe neza iyo tuba tugendera ku mabwirizwa ya Papa aho kwisunga amabwirizwa y’Imana.” Tyndale yamwisshuye ati: “Ndakengereye rwose Papa n’amategeko yiwe yose; kandi hamwe nogirirwa ubuntu Imana igakingira ubuzima bwanje, nonezezwa no kubona umusuku amukwegera igitwazi azi neza Ivyanditswe gusumvya uko mubizi.” (Anderson, Annals of the English Bible, page 19.) IB 180.4

Intumbero yari yaratanguye kwiyumvira yo gufasha abongereza bakaronka Ivyanditswe vy'lsezerano risha mu rurimi rwabo, yaciye ayinonosora maze adatevye aca atangura ico gikorwa. Kubera agahamo, yarirukanywe aho yaba aja i Londres, maze aba ari ho abandaniriza igikorwa ciwe mu gihe gito. Ariko kandi kubera ubugizi bwa nabi bw’abayoboke b’ubupapa, vyabaye ngombwa ko ata akomoka. Ni nk’uko amarembo yose y’igihugu c’ubwongereza yari yugawe kuri we, yaciye afata ingingo yo kurondera ubuhungiro mu Budagi. Aho ni ho yatanguriye gushira mu ngiro umugambi wiwe wo gusohora mw’icapiro Isezerano risha mu rurimi rw’icongereza. Baramubujije ubugira kabiri kurangura umugambi wiwe: ariko iyo bamubuza mu gisagara kimwe kuyisohora, yaca yungururiza mu kindi gisagara. Mu nyuma yahavuye ashika mu gisagara ca Worms, aho Luther yari yashingiye intahe ubutumwa bwiza imbere y’inama nkuru y’igihugu, mu myaka mike yari imaze guhera. Muri ico gisagara ca kera harimwo abagenzi benshi bashigikiye Ubugorozi. Aho niho Tyndale yabandanirije igikorwa ciwe ata muntu amuciriyemwo. Ibitabo ibihumbi bitatu vy'lsezerano risha vyarasohowe, kandi no mu mwaka wakurikiye harasohowe ibindi. IB 181.1

Yarakobeje cane arabandanya igikorwa ciwe yihanganye. Nubwo abategetsi bw’Ubwongereza bari bagerageje gucungera cane imihora yinjira mu gihugu, ijambo ryimana ryarinjira i Londres riciye mu mayira atandukanye, mw’ibanga, maze rigaca rigendagenda mu gihugu cose. Abayoboke ba Papa barakoze uko bashoboye kugira ngo bazimanganye ukuri ariko vyabataye ku w’amazi. Igihe kimwe, umwepisikopi w’i Durham yaguriye umugenzi wa Tyndale yagurisha ibitabo Bibiliya zose yari afise mu bubiko, afise intumbero yo kuziturira zose; yibaza ko ubwo ari bwo buryo bwiza bwo guhagarika ico gikorwa. Ariko rero, hamwe n’ivyo, amafaranga yari azitanzeko ni yo yaciye akoreshwa mu kugura izindi nshasha kandi zitunganijwe neza gusumvya iza mbere. Iyo hataboneka ubwo buryo, ntizari gusohorwa mw’icapiro. Inyuma y’aho, Tyndale baramufashe baramufunga, bamwemerera gusa ko bari bumurekure ari uko avuze amazina y’abamufashije kuronka amafaranga yari akenewe kugira ngo Bibilliya zisohorwe mw’icapiro. Yishuye yuko umwepisikopi w’i Durham ari we yafashije gusumvya abandi bose; kubwo gutanga amafaranga menshi agura Bibiliya bari basigaranye, yari amushoboje gutera intambwe aja imbere. IB 181.2

Tyndale baramugambaniye, arwa mu minwe y’abansi biwe maze igihe kimwe baramufunga, amara amezi menshi mu munyororo. Mu nyuma yashingiye intahe ukwizera kwiwe nk’umumaratiri; ariko ibirwanisho yari yarateguye vyari vyatumye abandi basoda bashobora kubandanya urugamba mu bindi binjana vyakurikiye kuva ico gihe gushika ubu. IB 181.3

Latimer yarashingira intahe ku ruhimbi abantu bose bumva yuko Bibiliya abantu bakwiriye kuyisoma mu rurimi kavukire. Yavuga ko Ivyanditswe vyera vyanditswe nimana ubwayo” kandi ko vyerekena ubushobozi no kwamaho kw’Uwavyanditse. “Nta mwami ariho, nta mwami w’abami canke umutegetsi... ariho adasabwa kwubaha Ijambo ryera ryayo”. Twirinde gufata inzira zituzimiza ariko tureke Imana iturongore. Inz:mira abasokuru bacu bagendeyemwo tuzirinde kandi ntidukore nk’ivyo bakoze, ariko dukore nk’ivyo bari kuba barakoze.”( Hugh Latimer, “First Sermon Preached Before King Edward VI.”) IB 181.4

Abagenzi babiri b’abizigirwa ba Tyndale, Barnes na Frith,barahagurutse kugira ngo bashigikire ukuri. Abavukanyi ba Ridley na Cranmer nabo ntibareze amaboko, barakurikiye. Abo barongozi mu gikorwa c’Ubugorozi mu Bwongereza ban abantu b’incawenge kandi benshi muri bo barashingirwa intahe mu muryango w’Ishengero Gatolika ry’i Roma ko barangwa n’umwete hamwe no gukunda ivy’Imana. Uguhaguruka kwabo bagahangana n’ubupapa yari inkurikizi y’uko bazi neza amakosa yabwo. Kubona bari bamenyereye amabanga anyegejwe y’i Babuloni vyatumye igishingantahe cabo bari bayiziko kigira ubushobozi bwinshi. IB 181.5

“Ubu rero ngomba kubabaza ikibazo kibatangaza”, uko ni ko latimer yavuga. “Ni nde mwepisikopi w’ishaka ryinshi kurusha abandi bose bo mu Bwongereza?... Ndabona yuko muriko mwumviriza kandi mwiteze ko ndamubabwira.... Reka ndamubabwire: ni Umugwanizi... Nta musi n’umwe ataba ari muri diyoseze yiwe; igihe cose muzoba mumukeneye, muramuhamagare, yama ari i muhira; ... Yama ku gikorwa imisi yose.... Ndababwije ukuri ko mutazokwigera mu musanga areze amaboko .... Aho Satani yicaye ...aho nta bitabo biharangwa ariko hashirwa hejuru ibiterekwako amatara ; nta Bibiliya ziharangwa ariko hashirwa hejuru amashapure ; nta muco w’ubutumwa bwiza uharangwa ariko hashirwa hejuru umuco w’ibishusho, mbere n’aho hoba ari ku murango.... Umusaraba wa Yesu ushirwa hasi maze hagashirwa hejuru i Purigatori isahura imifuko y’abijukiye ivy’Imana;... Kwambika abagenda amenya, abakene n’abatishoboye ntibiharangwa ariko hashirwa hejuru amasanamu hamwe n’ibisharizo bikozwe mu biti canke mu mabuye; hashirwa hejuru imigenzo hamwe n’amategeko y’abantu, maze imigenzo y’Imana hamwe n’ljambo ryayo ryera bigashirwa hasi.. ..Icompa abarongozi bacu mw’ishengero bagateragira imbuto z’inyigisho nziza kubera ko Satani ariko arabiba urwamfu n’urwiri.” (Ibid., “Sermon of the Plough.”) IB 182.1

Ingingo nkuru nshimikiro abo bagorozi batsimbataje - ni nayo aba Walidensi, Wycliffe, Yohana Huss, Luther hamwe na Zwingli n’abo bose bafanije na bo, bagenderako. Iyo nayo yari uko Ivyanditswe vyera ari tegeko ritihenda kandi ko ari narwo rugero rw’ukwizera n’ibikorwa. Bariyamirije uburenganzira bw’abapapa, bw’amanama, bw’abakurambere b’Ishengero hamwe n’abami, bwo kugira ububasha ku mutimanama w’umuntu mu bijanye n’idini. Bibiliya ni yo yonyene yari umutware wabo, inyigisho zayo ni zo bisunga mu gushira ku munzane ingingo zo kwizera canke ivyo abantu basaba. Ukwizera Imana hamwe n’ljambo ryayo vyabaye indemesho kuri abo bantu mu gihe bemera ubuzima bwabo bukazimanganira ku giti babatuririyeko. Mu gihe abayoboke ba Latimer bishwe nk’abamaratiri umuriro wari ubageramiye; amajwi yabo agomba guherengetera yababwiye ati: “Ni mureme, uyu musi turadomekwa nk’urumuri nizera ko rutazokwigera ruzima mu Bwongereza, kubwo ubuntu bw’Imana” (Works of Hugh Latimer, vol. 1, p. xiii.) IB 182.2

Mu ntara ya Scotland, imbuto z’ukuri zamijagiwe hirya no hino na Columba hamwe n’abafasha biwe ntizari zararanduwe zose. Inyuma y’imyaka amajana, amashengero yo mu Bwongereza amaze kuja musi y’ukuboko kw’abarongozi b’Ishengero Gatolika ry’i Roma, ayo muri Scotland yo yagumanye ukwishira n’ukwizana kwayo. Ariko rero, mu kinjana ca cumi na kabiri, ubupapa bwarahashinze imizi kandi bwaciye buhagira ububasha butigeze bugira mu kindi gihugu na kimwe. Nta hantu habaye umwiza w’umuzitanya nk’aho. Ariko harabonetse imishwarara imwimwe y’umuco yabonesha hagati y’uwo mwiza w’umuzitanya igatanga ivyizigiro ko umutwenzi uri hafi. Aba Lollards baje bava mu Bwongereza bafise Bibiliya hamwe n’inyigisho za Wycliffe, bakoze vyinshi mu gukingira ubumenyi bw’ubutumwa bwiza kandi ikinjana cose cari gifise ivyabona n’abamaratiri baco. IB 182.3

Ubugorozi buhambaye bumaze gushinga imizi, ivyandiko vya Luther vyaciye bija ahabona, hanyuma bikurikirwa nTsezerano rishasha Tyndale yari yashize mu rurimi rw’icongereza. Abo mu nzego z’uburongozi hejuru batabiciye n’ikanda, izi ntumwa zarajabutse mu gacerere imisozi n’amasoko, zongera ziradomeka bundi bushasha urumuri rw’umuco rwari hafi kuzima muri Scotland; maze zirasambagura ivyo abarongozi b’lshengero ry’i Roma bari bubakishije agacinyizo mu gihe kingana n’ibinjana bine.. IB 183.1

Amaraso y’abamaratiri yatumye igikorwa c’Ubugorozi congera kwisuganya. Abarongozi b’ubupapa babaye nk’abavuye mw’itiro vuba na vuba babonye ingene igikorwa cabo kibangamiwe, baciye bacisha ku buhomba bakoresheje umuriro, bamwe mu bana b’inda y’ingoma hamwe no mu bubahwa muri Scotland. Ariko rero, iyo ngendo yahindutse nk’uruhimbi bo ubwabo bihagarikiye, ahumvikaniye amajambo y’ibi vyabona bariko barazimangariza ubuzima yakwiye mu gihugu cose, maze agatuma abantu binanata bakiha intumbero y’ukwikurako ingoyi z’abarongozi b’ishengero ry’i Roma bari bababohesheje. IB 183.2

Hamilton na Wishart bari abaganwa kubwo inyifato n’amavuko, bahereje ubuzima bwabo ku biti babatuririyeko kandi bakurikirwa n’abandi bigishwa benshi b’amamuko asanzwe. Ariko mu kibanza Wishart yapfiriyemwo habonetse icabona ibirimi vy’umuriro bidashobora kubuza kuvuga; umuntu arongowe n’Imana yategerezwa kurandura burundu agacinyizo k’ubupapa kari karabiciye bigacika muri Scotland. IB 183.3

Yohana Knox - ni ryo ryari izina ryiwe - yari yateye umugongo imigenzo n’inyigsho zifobetse z’lshengero kugira ngo agaburirwe n’ukuri kw’Ijambo ry’Imana. Hamwe n’ivyo inyigisho za Wishart zari zatumye afata ingingo yo kuvavanura n’umuryango w’ishengero Gatolika ry’i Roma maze yifatanya n'abagorozi bariko baratotezwa. IB 183.4

Abagendana nawe bamugobereye ngo yinjire mu mabanga yo gusigura, vyaramuteye ubwoba arajugumizwa. Yahavuye yemera kubikora ari uko harinze gucamwo imisi abanza ariherera, ahangana n’iyo ngwano mu mutima wiwe. Ariko amaze kwemera akabikora, yaciye atera intambuko ikomeye idasubira inyuma kandi uko yatera imbere ni nako yakomeza kurema, ntacike intege. Uyu mugorozi yari intwari idasanzwe ku buryo ata muntu yatinya kubwira ukuri. Umuriro abamaratiri batikiriyemwo, imbeya zawo ziriko ziraca ibibatsi iruhande yiwe, aho kumutera ubwoba watumye ishaka ryiwe ryiyongera. Nk’uko ataco vyari bimubwiye kumenya y’uko incabiti y’uwugeseza ibanguye hejuru y’umutwe wiwe, ntivyamubujije aho yari, kwongereza ibitero i buryo n’i bubamfu bwiwe kugira ngo ashobore gusenya ibihome vyo gusenga ibigirwamana. IB 183.5

Aho yarengutswa imbere y’umwamikazi wa Scotland, bakabonana amaso mu yandi; aho ishaka ry’abagorozi benshi ryari ryatimvye, Yohana Knox yashingiye intahe ukuri atarya umunwa ku buryo budasubirwako. Amajambo yo kuryosharyosha ntiyari amufiseko ububasha; ntiyaterwa n’ubwoba n’ingorane zari zimuhanze. Umwamikazi yamwagirije ko inyigisho ziwe atari ukuri. Yamumenyesheje ko yihaye ububasha bwo kwigisha abantu idini ritemewe n’intwaro y’ico gihugu kandi ko yishe ku bw’ivyo itegeko ry’Imana risaba abanyagihugu kwubaha no kwubahiriza abatware babo. Knox yamwishuye ashimitse ati: IB 183.6

“Nk’uko idini ry’ukuri ridakura inguvu canke ubutegetsi bwaryo ku batware b’iyi si ahubwo ribikura ku Mana yo nyene yamaho, ni nako abanyagihugu badasabwa kwinjira mw’idini bakurikiye ivyo abatware babo bashira imbere canke bipfuza. Kuko birashika kenshi, ugasanga abatware b’iyi si ni bo baza ubwa nyuma mu gusobanukirwa idini y’ukuri y’Imana... Iyo abakomotse kuri Aburahamu bose baba barakurikije idini rya Farawo; ko bari abanyagihugu yari afiseko ububasha, ndagusavye, Mupfasoni, umbwire idini ubu riba ririho kw’isi? Canke iyo abantu bose mu gihe cintumwa binjira mw’idini ry’abami b’abami bi Roma, idini riba ririho kw’isi ubu aba ari irihe?... Rero, Mupfasoni, urashobora kubona ku buryo bugaragara yuko abanyagihugu batashimye kuba mw’idini rimwe n’abatware babo, n’ubwo bategerezwa kububaha kandi bakabubahriza.” IB 184.1

Umwamikazi Mariya yaciye abaza umugorozi ati: “Murafise ukuntu musigura Ivyanditswe, kandi abigisha bishengero Gatolika nabo barafise ukuntu babisigura; none muri mwebwe mwempi nemere nde kandi ni nde azoca urubanza?” IB 184.2

Umugorozi yaciye yishura ati: “Imana ni yo yonyene ibereye kwizerwa, yo itwihishurira ku buryo butomoye mw’ijambo ryayo ivugiramwo. Kandi hamwe n’ivyo, uretse ico ijambo rikwigisha, nta muntu n’umwe bibereye ko wizera. Ijambo ryimana ubwaryo riranengesereye; kandi nimba bishitse hakabaho akantu k’umwiza mu kibanza kimwe, Mpwemu Yera atigera yivuguruza aragasigura ku buryo bwwnvikana mu bindi bibanza, kugira ngo ntihabe hosigara ugukekeranya na guke kiretse gusa kuri abo baba bahisemwo kuguma mu butamenya, ntibemere guhanurwa.” (David Laing, The Collected Works of John Knox, vol. 2, pp. 281,284.) IB 184.3

Ukwo ni kwo kuri uyo mugorozi yumvikanishije ata bwoba, mu matwi y’umwamikazi. Iryo shaka yararigumanye, ntiyigera ahesha ku ntumbero yari afise. Yama asenga kandi akarwana intambara y’Umwami gushika aho Scotland yaronkeye umwidegemvyo ku bupapa. IB 184.4

Mu Bwongereza, Ubuprotestanti bumaze kuba ishengero ryemewe ry’igihugu, agahamo kaciye gacureha ariko ntikazimanganye burundu. Abanyagihugu bari bahevye inyigisho zitari zike mu zo Ishengero Gatolika ry’i Roma ryari ryigishije ariko hari hakiriho imigenzo imwimwe bacemera. Kuri bo ubutware bwa Papa bari babwiyamirije ariko bari bamusubirije umwami nk’umurongozi wishengero. Mu nteguro zo gusenga, hari hakiri agahaze uravye ukuntu ubutumwa bwiza bwashikirizwa ku buryo bworoshe kandi butosoye. Abantu ntibari bwatahure ingingo nyamukuru y’umwidegemvyo mu kwemera. Si kenshi aho abarongozi b’abaprotestanti bakoze nk’abarongozi b’lshengero Gatolika ry’i Roma mu kwankiriza ubuzima bw’abantu babica urwo agashinyaguro, ariko uburenganzira bw’umuntu wese bwo gusenga Imana nk’uko umutimanama wiwe ubimutegeka ntibabwubahirije. Abantu bose basabwa kwemera inyigisho no gukurikiza uburyo bwo gusenga bwari bwategekanijwe n’iryo shengero rishasha. Abatavyubahirije barabahamye mu gihe kitari musi y’imyaka amajana n’ayandi. IB 184.5

Mu kinjana ca cumi n’indwi, abaprotestanti ibihumbi n’ibihumbi barahagaritswe mu gikorwa. Cari ikintu kibujijwe ku bantu kuja mu makoraniro yo gusenga uretse gusa ayaba yemewe nishengero. Uwabirengako baramuca ihadabu bihanukiriye, bakamufunga canke bakamwangaza. Abantu b’abizigirwa batashobora kureka gukorana kugira basenge Imana bategerezwa guhurira mu bibanza bitarimwo umuco, ahantu hatabona harimwo ibigega bashinguramwo ibintu , canke musi y’ibiti, mu gicugu, ukurikije ibihe vy’umwaka. Mu bwugamo bwinyegeje mw’ishamba hagati, urusengero Imana ubwayo yiyubakiye, abana b’Umwami bari banganjwe abandi bagahamwa, barahakoranira kugira ngo bagaragaze ikiri ku mutima, mu masengesho no mu guhimbaza. Ariko n’aho bitwararika rwose ingene batunganya amakoraniro yabo, benshi baratotejwe bahorwa ukwizera kwabo. Amabohero yari yuzuye abantu. Imiryango yari yarasambutse kubwo ugutandukana kw’abayigize. Benshi barabangariza mu bihugu atari rwabo. Ariko rero Imana yari kumwe n’abantu bayo kandi agahamo ntikashobora kubuza ugushinga intahe kwabo. Benshi barajabutse ibahari baja muri Amerika maze bashitseyo batanguza umushinge w’umwidegemvyo ku muntu mu vyo yemera, ari nawo wahavuye uhinduka igihome c’umutekano c’icubahiro c’ico gihugu. IB 184.6

Nk’uko vyashitse mu gihe c’intumwa, n’ubu nyene, agahamo katumye igikorwa c’ubutumwa bwiza kirushiriza gutera imbere. Mw’ibohero rinuka ryuzuyemwo abantu batakaje ubuntu n’ibisuma, Yohana Bunyan we yumva harimwo impwemu zo mw’ijuru. Aho ni ho yandikiye inkuru mfashanyigisho y’umuntu yafashe urugendo ava mu gihugu c’amahonero atumbera mu gisagara co mw’ijuru. Mu gihe kirenze imyaka amajana abiri, iryo jwi ryumvikanye rivuye mw’ibohero i Bedford ntiryaretse gukora ku mitima y’abantu. Ibitabo Bunyan yanditse: “Urugendo rw’umukristo n’Ubuntu bunengeserejwe” , vyarongoye ibirenge vy’abantu benshi mu nzira y’ubuzima. IB 185.1

Baxter, Flavel, Alleine, hamwe n'abandi bantu bafise ingabire, bafise ubumenyi buhagije kandi bamaze guhumura muri uru rugendo rw’ubukristo, bavuye hasi bashigikirana ishaka ukwizera kw’abera ba kera. Nubwo bari barahariwe ivomo n’abategetsi b’ico gihe kandi bagakurikriranwa n’amategeko, igikorwa abo bantu baranguye ntigishobora kuzimangana. Ibitabo Flavel yanditse: “Isoko y’ubuzima” hamwe “n’ingene ubuntu bukora”, vyigishije abantu ibihumbi ingene bokwegurira Yesu ubuzima bwabo. Igitabo ca Baxter: “Umupasitori w’Umugorozi” cabereye isoko y’umugisha abantu benshi bipfuza kubona habaho umuvyuro mu gikorwa c’Imana. N’aho ikindi citwa “Uburuhuko bwamaho bw’Aberanda”catumye harangurwa igikorwa gihambaye co kurongora abantu k’ “Uburuhukiro” bubikiwe ubwoko bw’Imana. IB 185.2

Inyuma y’imyaka ijana, mu misi y’umwiza mu vya Mpwemu, Whitefield n’aba Wesley babonetse nk’abatwaramuco w’Imana. Kubwo amategeko y’lshengero ry’igihugu, abongereza bari mw’idini ya Leta itari igifise akanovera k’idini yo hambere ku buryo ivyo bayikoreramwo bitari kure y’ubupagani. Abarongozi b’Ishengero bitwararika ivy’idini kama, ni navyo ahanini vyari bigize ivyigwa vyabo vy’iyobokamana. Abantu bashizwe hejuru barakengera ivy’Imana bakishimira kubona barengeye ico bita “Gushigikira ibintu habatanje kubaho kurimbura”. Abantu b’abakungu bari mu butamenya burenze urugero no mu bugizi bwa nabi, kandi Ishengero naryo nta shaka ryari rigifise canke ukwizera kwo gushigikira igikorwa cariko kiracumbagira co gushingira intahe ukuri. IB 185.3

Inyigisho ihambaye ngenderewako yo gutsindanishirizwa kubwo ukwizera yashikirijwe ku buryo buhambaye na Luther yaribagiranye, maze ingendo y’lshengero Gatolika ry'i Roma y’uko “agakiza umuntu agahabwa n’ibikorwa vyiza yakoze”, aba ari yo ihabwa agaciro. Whitfield na Wesley hamwe na mwene nyina wiwe, bari basanzwe ari abayoboke b’ishengero ryashizweho na Leta, bari abantu barondera ata buryarya kumenya ineza y’lmana; kandi bari barigishijwe yuko ibintu nk’ibi ubishikako ubayeho mu buzima ugororotse, wama ugira neza kandi wubahiriza amabwiriza y’idini. IB 185.4

Umusi umwe Charles Wesley yararwaye araremba ku buryo yumva ko urupfu rumwegereje. Baramubajije ico ivyizigiro vyiwe vy’ubuzima buhoraho vyubatseko. Inyishu yiwe yabaye iyi: “Nakoreye Imana uko nshoboye kwose”. Kubera ko vyaboneka ko uwo mugenzi yamubajije ico kibazo atari yashimishijwe ku buryo bwuzuye n’inyishu aronse, Wesley yaciye yiyumvira ati: “Ni ibiki? None utwigoro twanje ntiduhagije ku buryo twombera umushinge w’ivyizigiro? Yoba agomba kwankiriza ibikorwa vyiza vyaranze ubuzima bwanje? Nta kindi kintu mfise co kwizigira “(John Whitehead, Life of the Rev. Charles Wesley, page 102). Uwo ni wo wari umwiza w’umuzitanya wari wahwikiriye Ishengero, unyegeza igikorwa co gucungurwa, wiba icubahiro ca Yesu Kristo maze ukura ivyiyumviro vy’abantu ku vyizigiro vyonyene bafise vy’agakiza - amaraso y’umucunguzi yabambwe. IB 186.1

Wesley n’abo bafashanya bararongowe gushika aho babona ko idini ry’ukuri rifise icicaro mu mutima w’umuntu; kandi ko ibwirizwa ry’Imana ritaraba gusa ivyiyumviro vy’umuntu ariko ko rishika no ku majambo avuga no ku vyo akora. Bamaze kubona ko ubweranda bw’umutima bubereye ariko kandi ko hamwe n’ivyo, inyifato yacu ibonekera abantu ikwiriye kutagira agasembwa, baciye bigira inama yo kubaho ubuzima bushasha. Kubwo gusenga n’umwete kandi babikoranye ubwenge, bagize ishaka ryo kubohesha imigambi mibi y’umutima kama. Babayeho ubuzima bwo kwiyanka, kugira neza no guca bugufi. Bubahirije badaciye ku ruhande ingingo yose bibaza ko yari kubafasha kuronka ikintu bipfuza gusumba ibindi - ubweranda bwotuma bagirirwa ubuntu n’Imana. Ariko ico bipfuza ntibashoboye kukironka. Utwigoro twose bagize two kurondera kmwibohora ku caha canke gusenya ubushobozi kibafiseko ntaco twabafashije. Bariko bararwana urugamba rusa n’urwo Luther yarwanye ari mu gasho i Erfurt. Ikibazo bama bibaza ni naco cari caramubujije amahoro y’umutima: “Ariko umuntu yoshobora gute kuba umugororotsi imbere y’Imana?” (Yobu 9:2) IB 186.2

Umuriro w’ukuri kw’Imana wasa n’uwamaze kuzima ku ruhimbi rw’ubuprotestanti, wategerezwa kwongera kwegenyezwa hakoreshejwe ibimuri vya kera abakristo b’i Bohemiya bari barahanahanye uko urunganwe rwagenda rukurikirana. Inyuma y’Ubugorozi, Ubuprotestanti bwarakandagiwe n’ingabo z’lshengero Gatolika ry’i Roma. Abo bose babona ko batohirahira ngo bahakane ukuri bagobererwa guhunga. Bamwe muri abo baronse ubuhungiro mu ntara ya Saxonie maze bahatsimbatariza ukwizera kw’abakera. Umuco wamurikiye Wesley hamwe n’abo bafashanije waje uturutse ku bakomotse kuri abo bakristo bari baragereye i Saxonie. IB 186.3

Yohana na Charles Wesley bamaze kurambikwako ibiganza kubwo igikorwa c’ubugabura, barungitswe kurangurira imirimo muri Amerika. Mu bwato bagiyemwo bari kumwe n’umwami w’abanyagihugu b’i Moravie. Ubwo bwato bwarahungabanijwe n’igihuhusi gikomeye ku buryo Yohana Wesley, yabonye neza na neza urupfu mu maso yiwe, aca yiyumvira ko ata cemezo abona yokwubakako c’uko afise amahoro yimana. Ariko rero abo badagi bari kumwe bo mu ntara y’i Moravie, berekanye agahore n’ivyizigiro vyabereye indoto iyo ngenzi Yohana Wesley. IB 186.4

Yavuze ati: “Nafashe umwanya muremure, nitegereza ukuntu imyifato yabo itari iy’ukurenzako. Ikimenyamenya kidahinduka c’ukwicisha bugufi kwabo, cabonekera mu kuntu bakorera izindi ngenzi bari kumwe udukorwa tugayitse rwose ku buryo ata mwongereza yodukorera uwundi muntu. Kandi ntibigera basaba canke ngo baronke agahembo kuri utwo dukorwa. Ivyo vyerekana ko ico cari ikintu ciza gituma imitima yabo yishira hejuru icishwa bugufi, na cane cane ko umukiza wabo yari yarabakoreye ibisumba ivyo. Kandi umusi wose wababera akandi karyo baronse ko kwerekana ubugwaneza budahugumba. Iyo babahinda, bakabakubita canke bakabahenurira hasi, barongera bagahaguruka, ubuzima bukabandanya ata myidogo ibonetse mu kanwa kabo. Bararonse akaryo ko kwerekana ko bari barabohowe impwemu itera agatima k’ubwoba n’ubwibone, ishavu n’ukwihora. Igihe kimwe, mu gihe bari batanguye gusenga baririmba amazaburi, inkubi y’umuyaga yarateye maze imikuba irengera ubwato maze itabagura igihuzu kigendesha ubwato cabwo, ivunagura inkingi zari zirufashe ku buryo vyasa nk’uko ubwato bwari bumaze kwibira i bwina mu mazi. Abongereza barimwo bakomye akaruru kadasanzwe. Abo badagi bo, mu gahore ntangere, babandanije kuririmba. Inkubi y’umuyaga imaze guturura, narabajije umwe muri bo nti: “Nta bwoba mwari mwagize?” Yarishuye ati: “Oya ndashima Imana.” Narongeye ndamubaza nti: “None bariya bagore n’abana banyu nta bwoba bagize?” Yanyishuye yorohewe ati: “Abagore n’abana bacu ntibatinya gupfa.” (Whitehead, Life of the Rev. John Wesley, page 10) IB 187.1

Amaze gushika i Savannah, Wesley yagumanye igihe gito n’abo bantu bava i Moravie, imyifato yabo rukristo yaramushitse ku mutima. Yarerekanye ubudasa hagati y’integuro zijanye n’uburyo basengamwo ugereranije n’ingene Ishengero ryo mu Bwongereza ryakurikije amategeko kubwo guheza umugenzo, mu kwandika aya majambo: “Uburyo busanzwe ariko buhambaye kandi bukozwe ku mugaragaro bw’integuro yabo mu gusenga bwansubije inyuma imyaka ibinjana cumi n’indwi maze ntangura kwiyumvira ko ndi muri rimwe muri ayo makoraniro aho imigenzo yo gukurikiza hamwe na Leta bitari bwahabwe agaciro. Kuko aho ni ho Paulo, umukanitsi w’am ahem a canke Petero w’umurovyi baremeshereje amakoraniro; kandi biboneka ko barongorwa na Mpwemu hamwe n’ubushobozi.(Ibid., pages 11, 12.) IB 187.2

Wesley amaze kugaruka mu Bwongereza kandi agakorera ku mpanuro z’umusiguzi wi Moravie, yashitse aho atahura neza ukwizera Bibiliya yigisha. Yari amaze kwemera adakekeranya ko yategerezwa guheba kwiyumvira yuko ibikorwa vyiza vyiwe bidashobora kumuzanira agakiza ahubwo ko ategerezwa kwizigira yivuye inyuma ” intama yimana ikuraho ivyaha vy’abari mwisi.” Mw’ikoraniro rimwe abantu b’i Moravie bagiriye mu Bwongereza, i Londres, hariho iryungane mu yo Luther yanditse basomye, ryerekana ihinduka Mpwemu w’Imana akorera mu mutima w’umwizera. Kubera yuko Wesley yariko arumviriza, ukwizera kwaramurikiye umutima wiwe. “Numvise umutima wanje ushuhiranye cane” , ni ko yavuze. “Naratahuye ko nategerezwa kwizera Kristo, kandi Kristo wenyene kugira ngo ndonke agakiza: kandi nararemeshejwe ku buryo budasubirwako, ko yahanaguye ivyaha vyanje, ivyanje bwite, kandi akankiza ibwirizwa ry’icaha n’urupfu.”(Ibid.,page.52.) page 52.) IB 187.3

Mu gihe c’imyaka itari mike y’intambara mu mutima yo kwiyiriza ubusa kubwo ugushaka kwiwe, kutagira ico yihereza, kwicisha bugufi hamwe no kwigaya, Wesley nta yindi ntumbero yari afise uretse iyo kurondera Imana abishizeko umwete. Ubu rero yari yayibonye; kandi yasanze ubuntu yagerageje kurondera asenga kandi yisonzesha, akora ibikorwa vyiza vyo kwitanga, butangwa nk’ingabirano “hatarinze gutangwa amafaranga canke ikindi kiguzi” IB 188.1

Amaze gushinga imizi mu kwizera Kristo, umutima wiwe wose wokejwe n’ishaka ryo gushikana ahantu hose ubumenyi bw’ubutumwa bw’icubahiro bw’ubuntu butangaje bw’Imana. Yavuze ati: ‘isi yose ndayibone nk’iparuwasi yanje. Aho mba ndi hose, mbona ko ndahafise uburenganzira n’ibanga ryo kugira ico nshikirije abo bose bafise ishaka ryo kwumviriza inkuru nziza y’agakiza.” (Ibid., page 74.) IB 188.2

Yabandanije kubaho ubuzima butibabarira ahubwo bwiyibagira, ariko noneho ntiyabifata nk’umushinge wo gukizwa ahubwo yabifata nk’inkurikizi yo kwizera; ntiyabifata nk’umuzi ahubwo yabibona nk’ivyamwa vy’ubweranda. Ubuntu bw’Imana muri Kristo ni wo mushinge w’ivyizigiro rukristo, kandi ubwo buntu bugaragarira mu kwubaha. Wesley yahariye ubuzima bwiwe gusigura ukuri guhambaye yari yarakiriye - ugutsindanishirizwa kubwo kwizera, igikorwa co gucungura c’amaraso ya Kristo, hamwe n’ubushobozi bunagura bwa Mpwemu yera akorera mu mutima, yama imbuto z’ubuzima bukurikiza akarorero ka Yesu Kristo. IB 188.3

Whitefield hamwe na Yohana na Charles Wesley bateguriwe igikorwa cabo biciye mu vyemezo vy’umwanya muremure kandi bihinguye vyerekeye ukuntu bari kurimbuka uravye ingene bari babayeho. Kandi kubera ko bategerezwa kwihanganira ibibagora nk’abasoda ba Kristo, barashikiwe n’umuriro wo gukengererwa, kubesherwa hamwe no guhamwa haba bakiri muri kaminuza canke mu gihe bari bamaze kuronswa amabanga yo kuvuga ubutumwa. Bo ubwabo hamwe n’abandi bake bemera inyigisho zabo, abanyeshure bigisha babataziriye ngo ni aba Metodiste babizigirwa kandi bakunda Imana - iryo zina rirabanwa iteka muri kino gihe n’umuryango wagutse w’abizera uri mu Bwongereza no muri Amerika. IB 188.4

Nk’abanywanyi b’Ishengero ry’Ubwongereza, bari bamenyereye imigenzo yaryo yo gusenga kandi babona ko batovavanura nayo, ariko Umwami yaberetse akoresheje ijambo ryiwe urugero rwo hejuru bokwisunga. Mpwemu yera yarabagobereye kutagira uwundi basigura uretse Kristo kandi Kristo yabambwe. Ubushobozi buva mw’ijuru bwarabagendera mu bikorwa vyabo. Ibihumbi vy’abantu baremera ukuri kandi bakihana. Vyari bibereye yuko izo ntama zikingirwa amabingira y’inkazi. Wesley nta ciyumviro yari afise co gutanguza umurwi mushasha, ariko yegeranirije abayoboke biwe mu co yise “ishami ry’Abametodiste ” IB 188.5

Aba basiguzi barahuye n’ingorane zisiga ubwenge hamwe n’ibigeragezo batewe n’Ishengero ryemewe ry’Ubwongereza. Ariko Imana mu kumenya kwayo yari yemeye ko ivyo bihe bigoye bishika kugira ngo Ubugorozi butangurire hagati muri iryo shengero nyene. Kumbure iyo buba bwazananye hanze y’lshengero, bwari guhava budashobora kwinjira ngo bushike aho bwari bukenewe cane. Ariko abasigura ivy’umuvyuro bari basanzwe ari abanywanyi b’iryo shengero nyene, kandi bakorera mu birimba vyaryo aho hose bashobora kuronka akaryo. Ukuri kwarashoboye kwinjira ahantu inzugi zari gushobora kuguma zugaye. Bam we mu bihebeye Imana muri iryo shengero barahagurutse nabo, bareka kuguma bareze amaboko, batangura gusigurana ishaka mu maparuwasi barimwo. Amashengero yari asigaye akora ibintu kubwo uguheza umugenzo vyonyene, yarikanguye yongera kugira ubuzima. IB 188.6

Nk’uko vyashitse no mu bindi bihe vyose, no mu misi ya Wesley, abantu b’ingabire zitandukanye baranguye ibikowa bari bashinzwe. Ntibicaye ngo baharire kandi bumvikane ku ngingo yose y’inyigisho, ariko bose bari barongowe na Mpwemu w’Imana, kandi bahuriye ku ciyumviro kimwe cabanywanisha co kuzana kuri Kristo imitima yazimiye. Ivyo Whitefield na Wesley batari bahuriyeko vyahatswe gutuma batandukana, ariko kubera ko bompi bari bakuye mw’ishure rya Kristo agatima ko kwicisha bugufi, ukwihanganirana no kugira neza, ivyo vyaciye bibanywanisha. Bahavuye batahura ko ata mwanya bafise wo gutakariza mu guharira mu gihe ikinyoma n’ikibi vyariko birabica bigacika ahantu hose, abanyavyaha nabo bakaba bariko bararushiriza kwikwegera guhona. IB 189.1

Abasuku b’Imana baciye mu nzira itoroshe. Abantu bafise ubwaku bukomeye hamwe n’ubumenyi buhagije barakoresheje ubushobozi bafise mu kubarwanya. Haheze igihe runaka, benshi mu bihebeye Imana barerekanye ko batabishimye, maze bituma inzugi z’insegero zugarwa. Abariko barakwiragiza ukwizera kw’ukuri ntibabaye bakizinjiramwo. Kubera ko babagiriza icese ku ruhimbi, ivyo vyatumye umwiza, ukutamenya hamwe n’ikibi vyongera kurenga urugero. Yohana Wesley yahatswe kwicwa incuro zitari zike ariko asimba imanga kubwo igitangaro c’ubuntu bw’Imana. Aho mu butamenya abantu basunitswe n’ishavu barondera kumuhiga, kandi akaba ata buryo bwari buhari bwo kubatoroka, marayika afise ishusho y’umuntu yaraje amuhagarara i ruhande maze abo bantu basuguriwe barisanza; umusuku wa Krirsto yaciye abacamwo hagati ararengana mu mutekano ntangere ava aho hantu hari hateye ubwoba. IB 189.2

Wesley yarashinze intahe avuga ingene yakingiwe igihe kimwe abantu basugiriwe barondera kumwankiriza ubuzima. Yaravuze ati: “Benshi barondeye ingene bantembagariza hasi mu gihe twariko turamanuka tuja mu gisagara dukoresheje ingazi yikwega. Biyumvira ko hamwe vyoshika nkarwa hasi, bitari kunyorohera kwongera kuvyuka. Ariko sinigeze ntsitara na gato canke ngo nyerere gushika aho nabonye ndabavuye mu vyara... Nubwo benshi bagerageje kuntembagariza hasi bakweze impuzu nari nambaye, vyarabananiye kuzigumya; umwe wenyene ni we yashoboye gufata umufuko w’ikoti nari nambaye maze uca uratabuka awusigarana mu minwe, mu gihe uwundi mufuko warimwo mbere isheke yo muri banki watabutse ariko ntiwakoroka.. .Umusore w’inguvu yari inyuma yanje yabanguye kenshi ubuhiri yari afise, iyo bimukundira akabunkubita inyuma y’umutwe ku gakomokomo , vyari kuba bimukingiye ingorane yahavuye agira mu nyuma. Ariko igihe cose yabubangura ngo abunkubite ntivyamukundira, uko vyagenda nta n’umwe yobisigura, yaca ahusha agakubita i ruhande kuko jeho sinashobora gusaganiriza ari i buryo canke i bubamfu... Uwundi yaje yiruka asanza abantu bari aho, arengeza ukuboko kwiwe nk’uwoba agomba kunkubita igipfunsi ariko bimwanka mu nda ntiyashobora kunkubita ahubwo amfata mu mutwe atangura kuwukuyakuya avuga ati: “Mbega ukuntu imishatsi yiwe yoroshe!”... Abantu babaye aba mbere imitima yabo ikozweko bari abasuma ba rurangiranwa bo mu gisagara, bama igihe cose biteguye gukora ikibi, umwe muri bo yari yararonse agashimwe aho yama akubitana ibipfunsi mu bibanza vyo guteramiramwo vy’amahinguriro y’ibinyobwa. IB 189.3

“Mbega ukuntu bisiga ubwenge ingene Imana mu kugira neza kwayo idutegura tutabizi kugira ngo dushitse ukugomba kwayo. Imyaka ibiri yari iheze, igice c’itafari cari cahatswe kuntabura ibitugu. Inyuma yaho, umwaka umwe uheze, banteye ibuye ringwa mu ruhanga rihakwa kumena amaso. Mu kwezi guheze hariho umuntu yankubise; uyu mugoroba naho nakubiswe n’abantu babiri: umwe yankubise imbere y’uko tuja mu gisagara, uwundi ankubita mu gihe twariko turagisohokamwo. Kandi n’ubwo umwe yankubise mu gikiriza akoresheje inguvu ziwe zose, uwundi nawe akankubita ku munwa ku buryo amaraso yaciye yirasa, numva ata bubabare mfise nubwo nashikiwe n’izo nguma zose, ni nk’uko ari icatsi coba cankozeko.”(John Wesley, Works, vol. 3, pp. 297,298.) IB 190.1

Aba Metodiste bo mu gihe ca mbere - abizera hamwe n’abasiguzi - barakengererwa kandi barahamwa imbonankubone n’abayoboke b’ayandi mashengero canke abantu ata dini barimwo bivuye kuko babadodobereje. Barahohoterwa bakama barengukijwe mu ngoro z’ubutungane - zariho kw’izina gusa, kuko kurondera ubutungane muri ico gihe kwari nko kugutuma umuzi w’ibuye. Kenshi ababahama, barabakubaguye. Abantu basuguriwe bagenda inzu ku yindi bamenagura ibikoresho hamwe n’ibindi bintu abantu batunze, basahura ico cose kibateye igomwe, kandi bakorera abagabo, abagore n’abana ibintu biteye isoni. Mu bibanza bimwe bimwe vy’ihuriro ry’abantu, haramanikwa amatangazo ahamagarira abo bose bipfuza gufasha mu kumenagura amadirisha no mu kwiba amazu y’aba Metodiste, gukoranira mu kibanza run aka, ku gihe runaka. Ukwo kurengera akarimbi abantu hamwe n’ibwirizwa ryimana izuba riva vyari birekuwe ata camira. Agahamo kateguwe mu buryo budasanzwe karagiriwe abantu ata rindi kosa bari bakoze uretse kurondera kugarura ibirenge vy’abanyavyaha bakabikura mu nzira y’amahonero bakagendera mu nzira y’ubweranda. IB 190.2

Ariko yibuka ivyo we ubwiwe bamwagirije hamwe n’abo bafashanya, Yohana Wesley yaravuze ati: “Bamwe bemeza yuko inyigisho zacu atari ukuri, ari ibinyoma kandi ko zishusha abantu imitwe; ko ari iz’ivyaduka ko batari bwigere bazumva; ko ari inyigisho zizana mu bantu urujugumizi, zemerwa n’abatazi ukurimbura ikintu n’ikindi, ko ari ubupapa. Ibi vyose ni urwitwazo kandi vyaramaze guhinyuzwa icese kuko ingingo iyo ari yo yose y’izi nyigisho ni ijambo rinengesereye ryivyanditswe nk’uko Ishengero ryacu ribisigura. Rero ico Ivyanditse bishingira intahe ko ari ukuri ntigishobora kuba ikinyoma canke uguhumba.” “Abandi nabo bavuga ko inyigisho zacu zidatuma abantu bahema, ngo inzira yo kuja mw’ijuru turayaza cane.” Mu vy’ukuri iki nico bamye batwagiriza mbere no kuva kera (mbere ni iki conyene bari bafise mu gihe kimwe) kandi ni naco ibindi igihumbi vyuririrako mw’ibanga, ari vyo biheza bigaseruka ahabona mu buryo butandukanye. Igisigaye kumenya conyene gusa ni uko twoba turusha umwami wacu hamwe n’intumwa ziwe kwaza inzira y’ijuru? Mbega inyigisho zacu zoba zidaha abantu agahengwe kurusha iza Bibiliya? Reka tubirabire gusa mu bisomwa bikeya: “Kandi mukundishe Uhoraho Imana yanyu imitima yanyu yose, n’ubugingo bwanyu bwose, n’ubwenge bwanyu bwose, n’inkomezi zanyu zose.” “Kuko ijambo ryose umuntu azovuga ku busa busa azoribazwa ku musi w’urubanza.” “Iyo muriko murarya canke muranywa, canke mukora ikindi kintu cose, mugikorere ku gushimisha Imana.’’ IB 190.3

“Nimba inyigisho yabo irusha iyi kubuza abantu guhema, aho rero ni abo guhambarira; ariko nk’uko umutimanama wanyu ubibabwira si uko biri. Kandi ni nde yokurako urudome rumwe gusa adashaka kubuza abantu guhema ngo agende adahinyuye ijambo ry’Imana? Mbega umuzezwabintu w’ibikiri amabanga y’Imana yoba umwizigirwa gute hamwe yoba yahirahiye akagira ico ahinduye mu vyo yahawe gucungera? Oya. Nta na kimwe yokurako kandi nta na kimwe yokworosha. Agobererwa kubwira abantu bose ati: “Sinshobora kumanukana Ivyanditswe aho muri ngo muvyumviririzeho. Mutegerezwa kwinanata, mukabishikira aho biri canke naho murimbuke burundu. Uyu ni wo mushinge w’ukuri w’ikindi kirego batwagiriza yuko turi ba ruburakigongwe. Twoba turangwa no kutagira impuhwe? Mu biki? Abashonje ntitubaha ivyo kurya, abagenda amenya ntitubaha agahuzu? Oya, ico si co turiko turavuga; kuri urwo rugero ntawobigereranyako. Aho mutagira impuhwe ni mugihe muba muriko muracira abandi urubanza. Mwiyumvira yuko ata wundi muntu ashobora gukizwa kiretse gusa hamwe yoba akora nka mwe. (Ibid., vol. 3, pp. 152, 153) IB 191.1

Ugusubira inyuma mu vya Mpwemu kwabonetse mu Bwongereza imbere y’igihe ca Wesley ku ruhande runini yari inkurikizi y’inyigisho zivuguruza amabwirizwa. Benshi bemeza yuko Kristo yakuyeho amabwirizizwa cumi, rero ko ata kintu cogoberera abakristo kuyubahiriza, ko umwizera “atezurirwa umutwaro w’ibikorwa vyiza.” Abandi nabo n’ubwo bemeza yuko amabwirizwa yamaho igihe cose, batangaza ku rundi ruhande ko bitabereye ku bakozi b'Imana ko bingingira abantu kuyubahiriza, na cane cane ko abo Imana yahamagariya agakiza bategerezwa, “kubwo ugusunikwa n’ubuntu bw’Imana butagabirwa, gushikanwa ahantu barangwa n’ubuntu no gukunda ivy Imana hamwe no gukora iciza”, mu gihe abategerezwa ubutagisubira inyuma guhona “nta bushobozi biyumvamwo bwo kwubahiriza ibwirizwa ry’Imana ” IB 191.2

Abandi kandi nabo bemeza ko “abahamagawe badashobora kuva mu buntu bw’Imana kandi ko bidashoboka ko Imana yoreka kubaraba ryiza”; bashitse ku ndunduro itabereye ugutwi yuko “ibikorwa bibi bakora atari icaha kandi ko bitofatwa nko guca kubiri n’ibwirizwa ry’Imana, kandi kubera ico, ko ata karyo bafise ko kwirega ivyaha ivyabo canke kuvavanura na vyo mu kwihana.”(McClintock and Strong, Cyclopedia, art. “Antinomians.”). Kubw’ivyo, baravuze ko n’icaha kimwe kiruta ibindi “kw’isi yose gifatwa nko kurenga ibwirizwa ry’Imana guteye ubwoba, ko ico atari ari icaha mu maso y’Imana” hamwe coba gikozwe n’umwe mu bahamagawe, kuko ni kimwe mu bintu nkenerwa kandi biranga ku buryo bwiharije abahamagawe, ko badashobora kugira ikintu bakora gishobora kumaramaza Imana canke kitarekuwe n’ibwirizwa ryayo.” IB 191.3

Izi ngingo zihumanye ni zo zigize inyigisho zakwiragijwe ahantu hose mu nyuma n’abigisha rurangiranwa hamwe n'abanonosoye ivy’iyobokamana - ko ata bwirizwa ry’Imana ririho ritohinduka nk’urugero rw’ubutungane; ariko ko urugero rw’ivyo abantu bokwubahiriza, ko rushirwaho n’abo bantu nyene, kandi ko igihe cose rushobora guhinduka. Ibi vyiyumviro vyose bisunikwa n’umuhinga umwe yifatira mu minwe ivyiyumviro vy’abantu. Wa wundi no hagati y’ivyaremwe bitacumuye vyo mw’ijuru yatanguje igikowa ciwe co kurondera kugwiza n’ubusa ubweranda bwasabwe n’itegeko ry’Imana. IB 191.4

Inyigisho yariho y’uko integuro z’Imana arizo zishiraho ku buryo budasubirwako kamere y’umuntu, yari yatumye abantu benshi birengagiza ku mugaragaro itegeko ry’Imana. Wesley yarwanije ashimitse iyo nyigisho abo bigisha bariko baratyoza amabwirizwa y’Imana bariko barakwiragiza, kandi yerekana yuko idashinze imizi ku Vyanditswe. “Kuk’ubuntu bw’Imana bwaserutse, buzanira abantu bose agakiza.” (Tito 2:11) “Ivyo ni vyo vyiza vyemerwa mu nyonga z’Imana Umukiza wacu, igomba kw’abantu bose bakizwa bagashika ku kumenya ivy’ukuri. Kuko hari Imana imwe, kandi hari Umuhuza umwe w’Imana n’abantu, nawe nyene n’umuntu, ni Kristo Yesu, yitanze kw’incungu ya bose.” (1 Timoteyo 2:3-6)Mpwemu w’Imana atangirwa ubuntu kugira ngo ashoboze umuntu wese kwumira ku nzira y’agakiza adatezuye. Uko ni ko Yesu ari “umuco w’ukuri” “waje mw’isi kumurikira umuntu wese ” (Yohana 1:9)Abantu babuzwa agakiza n’ugushaka kwabo iyo banse ingabirano y’ubuzima. IB 191.5

Mu gutanga inyishu ku nyigisho abantu bari barahawe y’uko urupfu rwa Yesu rwakuyeho amabwirizwa, Wesley yavuze ati: “Amabwirizwa aboneka mu vyagezwe cumi vy’Imana, kandi yashingiwe intahe n’abahanuzi, Yesu ntiyayakuye. Intumbero yiwe mu kuza kw’isi ntikwari uguhanagura ibwirizwa na rimwe muri aya. Aya mabwirizwa ntashobora gukurwaho, ashinze imizi ku buryo budahugumba nk’igishingantahe co mw’ijuru! IB 192.1

Uko ni ko vyari biri kuva isi ikiremwa ; ntiyari yanditse ku mabuye “ariko yari yanditse ku mitima y’abana b'lmana bose igihe bari bamaze kuremwa, Imana ibabumbishje amaboko yayo. Kandi nubwo indome zanditswe n’intoke z’lmana ubu zatituwe n’icaha ku buryo bugaragara, ariko ntizishobora guhanagurika zose igihe cose umutimanama wacu uba ukitwereka yuko hariho iciza n’ikibi. Igice icarico cose c’ayo mabwirizwa kigumana ubushobozi bwayo imbere y’abantu kandi uko urunganwe rugenda rukurikirana, ubushobozi bw’amabwirizwa y’Imana ntibwubakiye ku mwanya canke ku kibanza, canke ku kindi kintu cose gishobora guhinduka, ariko bwubakiye kuri kamere y’umuntu hamwe no ku migenderanire idahinduka ihuza Imana n’abantu. IB 192.2

“Sinaje gusambura ahubwo naje gushitsa”...Ata gukekeranya, ico yashatse kuvuga hano (ufatiye ku vyo yavuze imbere n’inyuma y’ibi), ni uko yaje gushira amabwirizwa mu ngiro ku buryo bunengesereye, ataravye ivyo abantu bayongeyeko: Naje kwerekana neza no gushira mu kibanza bikwiranye ico cose caboneka nk’umwiza n’igipfungu muri yo; no kwerekana uburebure n’ubwaguke bwayo; uburinganire bw’ibwirizwa ryose hamwe n’uburebure bw’amaja epfo na ruguru, ubweranda busiga ubwenge afise n’ukuntu amajambo yose ayagize yuzuye Mpwemu.” (Wesley, sermon 25.) IB 192.3

Wesley yarerekanye uburinganire buri hagati y’ubutumwa bwiza n’amabwirizwa. “Rero hariho uburinganire bwokwerekanwa ku buryo bugaragara hagati y’amabwirizwa n’ubutumwa bwiza. Ku ruhande rumwe, amabwirizwa yama aducira inzira, adutumbereza ku butumwa bwiza; ku rundi ruhande ubutumwa bwiza bwama budutumbereza mu nzira yo kwubahiriza ku rugero nyarwo amabwirizwa. Nk’akarorero amabwirizwa adusaba gukunda Imana, gukunda abagenzi bacu, kurangwa n’uburwaneza, ukwicisha bugufi n’ubweranda. Twama twumva igihe cose ko hari agahaze iyo turavye ico amabwirizwa adusaba; kandi ni vyo kuko “kubwo umuntu ntibishoboka”;ariko rero, turabona ko hariho isezerano ry’Imana ryo kudushumbusha urwo rukundo, ryo kudushoboza guca bugufi, kurangwa n’uburwaneza hamwe n’ubweranda. Iyi nkuru nziza dukwiriye kuyigira rwacu; aya makuru meza dukwiriye kuyakomoza; vyose tubikorerwa ku rugero rw’uko twizera; kandi ubutungane duhabwa n’amabwirizwa tubwuzurizwa ku bwo ukwizera muri Yesu Kristo. IB 192.4

Wesley yavuze yuko “abantu bari kw’isonga ku rutonde rw’abansi b’ubutumwa bwa Kristo ni abo benyaguza icese bagatunga urutoke kandi bakanavuga nabi amabwirizwa, bigisha abantu kuyarengako (kuyasambura, kuyahanagura, kuyatembagaza), atari ukuvuga rimwe gusa muri yo, ryaba ari ritoya canke irihambaye, ariko yose.. Rero ikintu kirusha ibindi gutangaza mu bintu vyose ni uko abantu baguye mu mutego w’ubwo buhendanyi buhambaye ari abo bibaza ko boba bariko bahesha izina rya Yesu icubahiro mu gutitura amabwirizwa kandi ko boba bariko batera iteka igikorwa yaranguye iyo bagwije n’ubusa inyigisho ziwe. Ego ni vyo baba bariko bamuha icubahiro nka Yuda hamwe yavuga ngo “Ni amahoro ga Mwigisha, kandi akamusoma! Yesu yashoboye kubwira umwe wese muri bo ati: ‘Umwana w’umuntu umugurisha mu kumusoma?’ Nta kindi atari ukumugurisha mu kumusoma, iyo tuvuga ivyo amaraso yiwe yadutangiyeko impongano y’icaha ariko tukamwambura urugori rwiwe; canke iyo dukuraho agace na gato k’ibwirizwa ryiwe twishimikije ko twipfuza ko igikorwa c’ubutumwa bwiza cotera intambwe yisununuye. Hamwe n’ivyo umuntu wese asigura ivyo ukwizera ku buryo ubwo ari bwo bwose yoba adudurirako canke akikiriza, akagerageza gushira ku ruhande agace na gatoya kerekeranye no kwubaha, yoreka gute kwagirwa n’ikosa nk’iryo, uyo asigura Kristo atumbereye guhanagura canke gutitura mu buryo bum we canke ubundi ibwirizwa ry’Imana n’aho ryoba ari ritoya mu yandi?.” (Ibid.) IB 193.1

Kuri abo bigisha bashigikira ko “kwamamaza ubutumwa bwiza bisubirira amabwirizwa”, Wesley yarabishuye ati: “Ibi ntituvyemera na gato. Ntibisubirira intumbero ya mbere y’amabwirizwa yo kwagiriza umuntu icaha, yo kuvyura abakiryamye ku nkombe y’amahonero. Intumwa Paulo amenyesha yuko “amabwirizwa afasha abantu kwibonako icaha”, kandi ikindi naco ni uko umuntu adashobora kwumva yuko akeneye amaraso y’impongano ataramara gushika aho yumva yiyagiriza icaha... Nk’uko Umwami ubwiwe yabivuze, abakomeye si bo bakeneye umuganga; uretse abarwaye. Ntivyumvikana na gato ko abantu bafise amagara meza canke n’imiburiburi biyumvira ko ata ngorane y’amagara bafise, ko wobarungikira umuganga. Ica mbere na mbere wobakorera ni uko wobasigurira ukabereka ko barwaye; ahandi ho igikorwa woba ubakoreye ntibokigushimira. Ni muri ubwo buryo ata nsiguro bifise gushikiriza Kristo abantu badafise ingorane z’imitima, abo imishaha itarigera isinzikara na rimwe.” (Ibid., sermon 35.) IB 193.2

Rero uko ni ko Wesley, mu gihe yariko yamamaza ubutumwa bw’ubuntu bwimana, nk’uko n’Umwigisha wiwe yabikora, yitwararitse “gukuza amabwirizwa no kuyubahiriza.” Yararanguye mu bwizigirwa igikora Imana yari yamushinze kandi yarashoboye kwibonera n’amaso yiwe umwimbu ushimishije w’igikorwa yariko ararangura. Mw’iherezo ry’ukubaho kwiwe kurekure kwamaze imyaka irenga mirongo umunani - iyirenga mirongo itanu yayimaze agendagenda hirya no hino ajanywe no kuvuga ubutumwa - abayoboke bemeye kandi bagakurikira inyigisho ziwe barenga igice c’umumiriyoni w’abantu. Ariko abantu amasinzi kubwo ibikorwa vyiwe bakuwe mu misakamburira barimwo y’ivyaha n’amahonero bashikanwa mu buzima bwo hejuru buhinguye, kandi igitigiri c’abantu baciye mu bihe bihambaye kandi bibakagirira akarusho kubwo inyigisho ziwe, ntikizokwigera kimenyekana gushika aho umuryango wose w’abacunguwe uzoba ukoraniye mu bwami bw’agaciro katagira uko kangana ku mukristo wese. Iyaba ukwizera n’ukwicisha bugufi, ishaka ritadebukirwa, ukwitanga hamwe n’ugukunda ivy’Imana vy’uyu musuku wa Kristo vyonanze amashengero y’iki gihe! IB 193.3