Noah Webster’s 1828 Dictionary
HURRYING — HYDROPHOBIA
HURRYING, ppr. Driving or urging to greater speed; precipitating.
HURRY-SKURRY, adv. Confusedly; in a bustle. [Not in use.]
HURST, n. A wood or grove; a word found in many names, as in Hazlehurst.
HURT, v.t. pret. and pp. hurt.
1. To bruise; to give pain by a contusion, pressure, or any violence to the body. We hurt the body by a severe blow, or by tight clothes, and the feet by fetters. Psalm 105:18.
2. To wound; to injure or impair the sound state of the body, as by incision or fracture.
3. To harm; to damage; to injure by occasioning loss. We hurt a man by destroying his property.
4. To injure by diminution; to impair.
A man hurts his estate by extravagance.
5. To injure by reducing in quality; to impair the strength, purity or beauty of.
Hurt not the wine and the oil-- Revelation 6:6.
6. To harm; to injure; to damage, in general.
7. To wound; to injure; to give pain to; as, to hurt the feelings.
HURT, n. A wound; a bruise; any thing that gives pain to the body.
The pains of sickness and hurts.
1. Harm; mischief; injury.
I have slain a man to my wounding, and a young man to my hurt. Genesis 4:23.
2. Injury; loss.
Why should damage grow to the hurt of the kings? Ezra 4:22.
HURTER, n. One who hurts or does harm.
HURTERS, n. Pieces of wood at the lower end of a platform, to prevent the wheels of gun-carriages from injuring the parapet.
HURTFUL, a. Injurious; mischievous; occasioning loss or destruction; tending to impair or destroy. Negligence is hurtful to property; intemperance is hurtful to health.
HURTFULLY, adv. Injuriously;; mischievously.
HURTFULNESS, n. Injuriousness; tendency to occasion loss or destruction; mischievousness.
HURTLE, v.i. [from hurt.] To clash or run against; to jostle; to skirmish; to meet in shock and encounter; to wheel suddenly. [Not now used.]
HURTLE, v.t. To move with violence or impetuosity.
1. To push forcibly; to whirl.
HURTLEBERRY, n. A whortleberry, which see.
HURTLESS, a. Harmless; innocent; doing no injury; innoxious; as hurtless blows.
1. Receiving no injury.
HURTLESSLY, adv. Without harm. [Little used.]
HURTLESSNESS, n. Freedom from any harmful quality. [Little used.]
HUSBAND, n. s as z.
1. A man contracted or joined to a woman by marriage. A man to whom a woman is betrothed, as well as one actually united by marriage, is called a husband. Leviticus 19:20; Deuteronomy 22:22-23.
2. In seaman’s language, the owner of a ship who manages its concerns in person.
3. The male of animals of a lower order.
4. An economist; a good manager; a man who knows and practices the methods of frugality and profit. In this sense, the word is modified by an epithet; as a good husband; a bad husband. [But in America, this application of the word is little or not at all used.]
5. A farmer; a cultivator; a tiller of the ground. [In this sense, it is not used in America. We always use husbandman.]
HUSBAND, v.t. To direct and manage with frugality in expending any thing; to use or employ in the manner best suited to produce the greatest effect; to use with economy. We say, a man husbands his estate, his means or his time.
He is conscious how ill he has husbanded the great deposit of his Creator.
1. To till; to cultivate with good management.
2. To supply with a husband. [Little used.]
HUSBANDABLE, a. Manageable with economy.
HUSBANDED, pp. Used or managed with economy; well managed.
HUSBANDING, ppr. Using or managing with frugality.
HUSBANDLESS, a. Destitute of a husband.
HUSBANDLY, a. Frugal; thrifty. [Little used.]
HUSBANDMAN, n. A farmer; a cultivator or tiller of the ground; one who labors in tillage. In America, where men generally own the land on which they labor, the proprietor of a farm is also a laborer or husbandman; but the word includes the lessee and the owner.
1. The master of a family. [Not in use in America.]
HUSBANDRY, n. The business of a farmer, comprehending agriculture or tillage of the ground, the raising, managing and fattening of cattle and other domestic animals, the management of the dairy and whatever the land produces.
1. Frugality; domestic economy; good management; thrift. But in this sense we generally prefix good; as good husbandry.
2. Care of domestic affairs.
HUSH, a. [Heb. to be silent.] Silent; still; quiet; as, they are hush as death. This adjective never precedes the noun which it qualifies, except in the compound, hushmoney.
HUSH, v.t. To still; to silence; to calm; to make quiet; to repress noise; as, to hush the noisy crown; the winds were hushed.
My tongue shall hush again this storm of war.
1. To appease; to allay; to calm, as commotion or agitation.
Wilt thou then
Hush my cares?
HUSH, v.i. To be still; to be silent.
HUSH, imperative of the verb, used as an exclamation, be still; be silent or quiet; make no noise.
To hush up, to suppress; to keep concealed.
This matter is hushed up.
HUSHMONEY, n. A bribe to secure silence; money paid to hinder information, or disclosure of facts.
HUSK, n. The external covering of certain fruits or seeds of plants. It is the calyx of the flower or glume of corn and grasses, formed of valves embracing the seed. The husks of the small grains, when separated, are called chaff; but in America we apply the word chiefly to the covering of the ears or seeds of maiz, which is never denominated chaff. It is sometimes used in England for the rind, skin or hull of seeds.
HUSK, v.t. To strip off the external integument or covering of the fruits or seeds of plants; as, to husk maiz.
HUSKED, pp. Stripped of its husks.
1. Covered with a husk.
HUSKINESS, n. The state of being dry and rough, like a husk.
HUSKING, ppr. Stripping off husks.
HUSKING, n. The act of stripping off husks. In New England, the practice of farmers it to invite their neighbors to assist them in stripping their maiz, in autumnal evenings, and this is called a husking.
HUSKY, a. Abounding with husks; consisting of husks.
1. Resembling husks; dry; rough.
2. Rough, as sound; harsh; whizzing.
HUSO, n. A fish of the genus Accipenser, whose mouth is in the under part of the head; the body is naked, or without prickles or protuberances. It grows to the length of twenty four feet, and its skin is so tough that it is used for ropes in drawing wheel-carriages. It inhabits the Danube and the rivers of Russia, and of its sounds is made isinglass.
HUSSAR, n. s as z. A mounted soldier of horseman, in German cavalry. The hussars are the national cavalry of Hungary and Croatia. Their regimentals are a fur cap adorned with a feather, a doublet, a pair of breeches to which the stockings are fastened, and a pair of red or yellow boots. Their arms are a saber, a carbine and pistols. Hussars now form a part of the French and English cavalry.
HUSSITE, n. A follower of John Huss, the Bohemian reformer.
HUSSY, n. [contracted from huswife, housewife.]
1. A bad or worthless woman. It is used also ludicrously in slight disapprobation or contempt. Go, hussy, go.
2. An economist; a thrifty woman.
HUSTINGS, n.
1. A court held in Guildhall, in London, before the lord mayor and aldermen of the city; the supreme court or council of the city. In this court are elected the aldermen and the four members of parliament.
2. The place where an election of a member of parliament is held.
HUSTLE, v.i. hus’l. To shake together in confusion; to push or crowd.
HUSWIFE, n. A worthless woman; a bad manager. [See Hussy.]
1. A female economist; a thrifty woman.
HUSWIFE, v.t. To manage with economy and frugality.
HUSWIFERY, n. The business of managing the concerns of a family by a female; female management, good or bad.
HUT, n. A small house, hovel or cabin; a mean lodge or dwelling; a cottage. It is particularly applied to log-houses erected for troops in winter.
HUT, v.t. To place in huts, as troops encamped in winter quarters.
HUT, v.i. To take lodgings in huts.
The troops hutted for the winter.
HUTTED, pp. Lodged in huts.
HUTTING, ppr. Placing in huts; taking lodgings in huts.
HUTCH, n.
1. A chest or box; a corn chest or bin; a case for rabbits.
2. A rat trap.
HUX, v.t. To fish for pike with hooks and lines fastened to floating bladders.
HUZZ, v.i. To buzz. [Not in use.]
HUZZA, n. A shout of joy; a foreign word used in writing only, and most preposterously, as it is never used in practice. The word used in our native word hoora, or hooraw. [See Hoora.]
HUZZA, v.i. To utter a loud shout of joy, or an acclamation in joy or praise.
HUZZA, v.t. To receive or attend with shouts of joy.
HYACINTH, n. [L. hyacinthus.]
1. In botany, a genus of plants, of several species, and a great number of varieties. The oriental hyacinth has a large, purplish, bulbous root, from which spring several narrow erect leaves; the flower stalk is upright and succulent, and adorned with many bell-shaped flowers, united in a large pyramidical spike, of different colors in the varieties.
2. In mineralogy, a mineral, a variety of zircon, whose crystals, when distinct, have the form of a four-sided prism, terminated by four rhombic planes, which stand on the lateral edges. Its structure is foliated; its luster, strong; its fracture, conchoidal. Its prevailing color is a hyacinth red, in which the red is more or less tinged with yellow or brown. It is sometimes transparent, and sometimes only translucent.
Hyacinth is a subspecies of pyramidical zircon.
HYACINTHINE, a. Made of hyacinth; consisting of hyacinth; resembling hyacinth.
HYADS, n. [Gr. to rain; rain.] In astronomy, a cluster of seven stars in the Bull’s head, supposed by the ancients to bring rain.
HYALINE, a. [Gr. glass.] Glassy; resembling glass; consisting of glass.
HYALITE, n. Muller’s glass. It consists chiefly of silex, and is white, sometimes with a shade of yellow, blue or green.
HYBERNACLE, HYBERNATE, HYBERNATION. See Hibernacle, Hibernate, Hibernation.
HYBRID, n. [Gr. injury, force, rape; L. hybrida.]
A mongrel or mule; an animal or plant, produced from the mixture of two species.
HYBRID, HYBRIDOUS, a. Mongrel; produced from the mixture of two species.
HYDAGE, n. In law, a tax on lands, at a certain rate by the hyde.
HYDATID, HYDATIS, n. [Gr. water.] A little transparent vesicle or bladder filled with water, on any part of the body, as in dropsy.
Hydatids are certain spherical bodies, found occasionally in man, as well as in other animals, lodged in or adhering to the different viscera. Some of them, at least, are considered as possessing an independent vitality, and as constituting a distinct animal, allied to the toenia or tape-worm. They consist of a head, neck, and vesicular body filled with a transparent fluid.
HYDRA, n. [L. hydra. Gr. water.]
1. A water serpent. In fabulous history, a serpent or monster in the lake or marsh of Lerna, in Peloponnesus, represented as having many heads, one of which, being cut off, was immediately succeeded by another, unless the wound was cauterized. Hercules killed this monster by applying firebrands to the wounds, as he cut off the heads. Hence we give the name to a multitude of evils, or to a cause of multifarious evils.
2. A technical name of a genus of Zoophytes, called polypus, or polypuses.
3. A southern constellation, containing 60 stars.
HYDRACID, a. [Gr. water, and acid.] An acid formed by the union of hydrogen with a substance without oxygen.
HYDRAGOGUE, n. hy’dragog. [Gr. water, and a leading or drawing; to lead or drive.] A medicine that occasions a discharge of watery humors; a name that implies a supposition that every purgative has the quality of evacuating a particular humor. But in general, the stronger cathartics are hydragogues.
HYDRANGEA, n. [Gr. water, and a vessel.] A plant which grows in the water, and bears a beautiful flower. Its capsule has been compared to a cup.
HYDRANT, n. [Gr. to irrigate, from water.] A pipe or machine with suitable valves and a spout, by which water is raised and discharged from the main conduit of an aqueduct.
HYDRARGILLITE, n. [Gr. water, and clay.] A mineral, called also Wavellite.
HYDRATE, n. [Gr. water.] In chimistry, a compound, indefinite proportions, of a metallic oxyd with water.
A hydrate is a substance which has formed so intimate a union with water as to solidify it, and render it a component part.
Slaked lime is a hydrate of lime.
HYDRAULIC, HYDRAULICAL, a. [L. hydraulicus; Gr. an instrument of music played by water; a pipe.]
1. Relating to the conveyance of water through pipes.
2. Transmitting water through pipes; as a hydraulic engine.
Hydraulic lime, a species of lime that hardens in water; used for cementing under water.
HYDRAULICS, n. The science of the motion and force of fluids, and of the construction of all kinds of instruments and machines by which the force of fluids is applied to practical purposes; a branch of hydrostatic.
Hydraulics is that branch of the science of hydrodynamics which treats of fluids considered as in motion.
HYDRENTEROCELE, n. [Gr. water, intestine, and tumor.]
A dropsy of the scrotum with rupture.
HYDROIDIC, a. [hydrogen and iodic.] Denoting a peculiar acid or gaseous substance, produced by the combination of hydrogen and iodine.
HYDRIODATE, n. A salt formed by the hydriodic acid, with a base.
HYDROCARBONATE, n. [Gr. water, or rather hydrogen, and L. carbo, a coal.] Carbureted hydrogen gas, or heavy inflammable air.
HYDROCARBURET, n. Carbureted hydrogen.
HYDROCELE, n. [Gr. water, and tumor.] Any hernia proceeding from water; a watery tumor, particularly one in the scrotum.
A dropsy of the scrotum.
HYDROCEPHALUS, n. [Gr. water, and the head.] Dropsy of the head; a preternatural distension of the head by a stagnation and extravasation of the lymph, either within or without the cranium.
HYDROCHLORATE, n. A compound of hydrochloric acid and a base; a muriate.
HYDROCHLORIC, a. [hydrogen and chloric.]
Hydrochloric acid is muriatic acid gas, a compound of chlorine and hydrogen gas.
HYDROCYANATE, n. Prussiate; cyanuret.
HYDROCYANIC, a. [Gr. water, or rather hydrogen, and blue.]
The hydrocyanic acid is the same as the prussic acid.
HYDRODYNAMIC, a. [Gr. water, and power, force.] Pertaining to the force or pressure of water.
HYDRODYNAMICS, n. That branch of natural philosophy which treat of the phenomena of water and other fluids, whether in motion or at rest; of their equilibrium, motion, cohesion, pressure, resistance, etc. It comprehends both hydrostatics and hydraulics.
HYDROFLUATE, n. A compound of hydrofluoric acid and a base.
HYDROFLUORIC, a. [Gr. water.] Consisting of fluorin and hydrogen. The hydrofluoric acid is obtained by distilling a mixture of one part of the purest fluor spar in fine powder, with two of sulphuric acid.
HYDROGEN, n. [Gr. water, and to generate; so called as being considered the generator of water.]
In Chimistry, a gas which constitutes one of the elements of water, of which it is said by Lavoisier to form fifteen parts in a hundred; but according to Berzelius and Dulong, hydrogen gas is 11.1 parts in a hundred, and oxygen 88.9. Hydrogen gas is an aeriform fluid, the lightest body known, and though extremely inflammable itself, it extinguishes burning bodies, and is fatal to animal life. Its specific gravity is 0.0694, that of air being 1.00. In consequence of its extreme lightness, it is employed for filling air balloons.
HYDROGENATE, v.t. To combine hydrogen with any thing.
HYDROGENATED, pp. In combination with hydrogen.
HYDROGENIZE, v.t. To combine with hydrogen.
HYDROGENIZED, pp. Combined with hydrogen.
HYDROGENIZING, ppr. Combining with hydrogen.
HYDROGRAPHER, n. [See Hydrography.] One who draws maps of the sea, lakes or other waters, with the adjacent shores; one who describes the sea or other waters.
HYDROGRAPHIC, HYDROGRAPHICAL, a. Relating to or containing a description of the sea, sea coast, isles, shoals, depth of water, etc. or of a lake.
HYDROGRAPHY, n. [Gr. water, and to describe.] The art of measuring and describing the sea, lakes, rivers and other waters; or the art of forming charts, exhibiting a representation of the sea coast, gulfs, bays, isles, promontories, channels, soundings, etc.
HYDROGURET, n. A compound of hydrogen with a base.
Hydroguret is now scarcely used, except to give the derivative hydrogureted.
HYDROGURETED, a. Denoting a compound of hydrogen with a base.
HYDROLITE, n. [Gr. water, and a stone.] A mineral whose crystals are described as six sided prisms, terminated by low six sided pyramids, with truncated summits.
HYDROLOGICAL, a. Pertaining to hydrology.
HYDROLOGY, n. [Gr. water, and discourse.] The science of water, its properties and phenomena.
HYDROMANCY, n. [Gr. water and divination.] A method of divination or prediction of events by water; invested, according to Varro, by the Persians, and practiced by the Romans.
HYDROMANTIC, a. Pertaining to divination by water.
HYDROMEL, n. [Gr. water, and honey.] A liquor consisting of honey diluted in water. Before fermentation, it is called simple hydromel; after fermentation, it is called vinous hydromel or mead.
HYDROMETER, n. [See Hydrometry.] An instrument to measure the gravity, density, velocity, force, etc. of water and other fluids, and the strength of spirituous liquors.
HYDROMETRIC, HYDROMETRICAL, a. Pertaining to a hydrometer, or to the measurement of the gravity, etc. of fluids.
1. Made by a hydrometer.
HYDROMETRY, n. [Gr. water, and measure.] The art of measuring, or the mensuration of the gravity, density, velocity, force, etc. of fluids, and the strength of rectified spirits.
HYDRO-OXYD, n. [Gr. water, and oxyd.]
A metallic oxyd combined with water; a metallic hydrate.