Vine's Expository Dictionary of NT Words

F

Fable — Flux

Fable

1: μῦθος
(Strong's #3454 — Noun Masculine — muthos — moo'-thos )

primarily signifies "speech, conversation." The first syllable comes from a root mu---, signifying "to close, keep secret, be dumb;" whence, muo, "to close" (eyes, mouth) and musterion, "a secret, a mystery;" hence, "a story, narrative, fable, fiction" (Eng., "myth"). The word is used of gnostic errors and of Jewish and profane fables and genealogies, in 1 Timothy 1:4 ; 1 Timothy 4:7 ; 2 Timothy 4:4 ; Titus 1:14 ; of fiction, in 2 Peter 1:16 .

Muthos is to be contrasted with aletheia, "truth," and with logos, "a story, a narrative purporting to set forth facts," e.g., Matthew 28:15 , a "saying" (i.e., an account, story, in which actually there is a falsification of facts); Luke 5:15 , RV, "report."

Face

1: πρόσωπον
(Strong's #4383 — Noun Neuter — prosopon — pros'-o-pon )

denotes "the countenance," lit., "the part towards the eyes" (from pros, "towards," ops, "the eye"), and is used (a) of the "face," Matthew 6:16, 17 ; 2 Corinthians 3:7, 2 nd part (AV, "countenance"); in 2 Corinthians 10:7 , in the RV, "things that are before your face" (AV, "outward appearance"), the phrase is figurative of superficial judgment; (b) of the look, i.e., the "face," which by its various movements affords an index of inward thoughts and feelings, e.g., Luke 9:51, 53 ; 1 Peter 3:12 ; (c) the presence of a person, the "face" being the noblest part, e.g., Acts 3:13 , RV, "before the face of," AV, "in the presence of;" Acts 5:41 , "presence;" 2 Corinthians 2:10 , "person;" 1 Thessalonians 2:17 (first part), "presence;" 2 Thessalonians 1:9 , RV, "face," AV, "presence;" Revelation 12:14 , "face;" (d) the person himself, e.g., Galatians 1:22 ; 1 Thessalonians 2:17 (second part); (e) the appearance one presents by his wealth or poverty, his position or state, Matthew 22:16 ; Mark 12:14 ; Galatians 2:6 ; Jude 1:16 ; (f) the outward appearance of inanimate things, Matthew 16:3 ; Luke 12:56 ; Luke 21:35 ; Acts 17:26 .

To spit in a person's face was an expression of the utmost scorn and aversion, e.g., Matthew 26:67 (cp. Matthew 27:30 ; Mark 10:34 ; Luke 18:32 ). See APPEARANCE.

2: ὄψις
(Strong's #3799 — Noun Feminine — opsis — op'-sis )

is primarily "the act of seeing;" then, (a) "the face;" of the body of Lazarus, John 11:44 ; of the "countenance" of Christ in a vision, Revelation 1:16 ; (b) the "outward appearance" of a person or thing, John 7:24 . See APPEARANCE.

Note: The phrase "face to face" translates two phrases in Greek: (1) kata prosopon (kata, "over against," and No. 1), Acts 25:16 ; (2) stoma pros stoma, lit., "mouth to mouth" (stoma, "a mouth"), 2 John 1:12 ; 3 John 1:14 . See MOUTH. (3) For antophthalmeo, Acts 27:15 , RV, has "to face."

Faction, Factious

1: ἐριθεία
(Strong's #2052 — Noun Feminine — erithia — er-ith-i'-ah )

denotes "ambition, self-seeking, rivalry," self-will being an underlying idea in the word; hence it denotes "party-making." It is derived, not from eris, "strife," but from erithos, "a hireling;" hence the meaning of "seeking to win followers," "factions," so rendered in the RV of 2 Corinthians 12:20 , AV, "strifes;" not improbably the meaning here is rivalries, or base ambitions (all the other words in the list express abstract ideas rather than factions); Galatians 5:20 (ditto); Philippians 1:17 (RV; AV, ver. 16, "contention"); Philippians 2:3 (AV, "strife"); James 3:14, 16 (ditto); in Romans 2:8 it is translated as an adjective, "factious" (AV, "contentious"). The order "strife, jealousy, wrath, faction," is the same in 2 Corinthians 12:20 ; Galatians 5:20 . "Faction" is the fruit of jealousy. Cp. the synonymous adjective hairetikos, Titus 3:10 , causing division (marg., "factious"), not necessarily "heretical," in the sense of holding false doctrine.

Fade

A — 1: μαραίνω
(Strong's #3133 — Verb — maraino — mar-ah'ee-no )

was used (a) to signify "to quench a fire," and in the Passive Voice, of the "dying out of a fire;" hence (b) in various relations, in the Active Voice, "to quench, waste, wear out;" in the Passive, "to waste away," James 1:11 , of the "fading" away of a rich man, as illustrated by the flower of the field. In the Sept., Job 15:30 ; Job 24:24 .

B — 1: ἀμάραντος
(Strong's #263 — Adjective — amarantos — am-ar'-an-tos )

"unfading" (a, negative, and A, above), whence the "amaranth," an unfading flower, a symbol of perpetuity (see Paradise Lost, iii. 353), is used in 1 Peter 1:4 of the believer's inheritance, "that fadeth not away." It is found in various writings in the language of the Koine, e.g., on a gladiator's tomb; and as a proper name (Moulton and Milligan, Vocab.).

B — 2: ἀμαράντινος
(Strong's #262 — Adjective — amarantinos — am-ar-an'-tee-nos )

primarily signifies "composed of amaranth" (see No. 1); hence, "unfading," 1 Peter 5:4 , of the crown of glory promised to faithful elders. Cp. rhodinos, "made of roses" (rhodon, "a rose").

Fail

A — 1: ἐκλείπω
(Strong's #1587 — Verb — ekleipo — ek-li'-po )

"to leave out" (ek, "out," leipo, "to leave"), used intransitively, means "to leave off, cease, fail;" it is said of the cessation of earthly life, Luke 16:9 ; of faith, Luke 22:32 ; of the light of the sun, Luke 23:45 (in the best mss.); of the years of Christ, Hebrews 1:12 .

A — 2: ἐπιλείπω
(Strong's #1952 — Verb — epileipo — ep-ee-li'-po )

"not to suffice for a purpose" (epi, over), is said of insufficient time, in Hebrews 11:32 .

A — 3: πίπτω
(Strong's #4098 — Verb — pipto — pip'-to, pet'-o )

"to fall," is used of the Law of God in its smallest detail, in the sense of losing its authority or ceasing to have force, Luke 16:17 . In 1 Corinthians 13:8 it is used of love (some mss. have ekpipto, "to fall off"). See FALL.

Notes: (1) In 1 Corinthians 13:8 , katargeo, "to reduce to inactivity" (see ABOLISH), in the Passive Voice, "to be reduced to this condition, to be done away," is translated "shall fail," AV. This, however, misses the distinction between what has been previously said of love and what is here said of prophecies (see No. 3); the RV has "shall be done away;" so also as regards knowledge (same verse). (2) In Hebrews 12:15 , hustereo, "to come behind, fall short, miss," is rendered "fail" in the AV, RV, "falleth short." (3) In Luke 21:26 , apopsucho, lit., "to breathe out life," hence, "to faint," is translated "hearts failing," in the AV, RV, "fainting." See FAINT.

B — 1: ἀνέκλειπτος
(Strong's #413 — Adjective — anekleiptos — an-ek'-lipe-tos )

"unfailing" (a, negative, and A, No. 1), is rendered "that faileth not," in Luke 12:33 . In a Greek document dated A.D. 42, some contractors undertake to provide "unfailing" heat for a bath during the current year (Moulton and Milligan, Vocab.).

Fain

1: βούλομαι
(Strong's #1014 — Verb — boulomai — boo'-lom-ahee )

"to will deliberately, wish, desire, be minded," implying the deliberate exercise of volition (contrast No. 3), is translated "would fain" in Philemon 1:13 (in the best mss.). See DISPOSED.

2: ἐπιθυμέω
(Strong's #1937 — Verb — epithumeo — ep-ee-thoo-meh'-o )

"to set one's heart upon, desire," is translated "would fain" in Luke 15:16 , of the Prodigal Son. See DESIRE.

3: θέλω
(Strong's #2309 — Verb — thelo — )

"to wish, to design to do anything," expresses the impulse of the will rather than the intention (see No. 1); the RV translates it "would fain" in Luke 13:31 , of Herod's desire to kill Christ, AV, "will (kill);" in 1 Thessalonians 2:18 , of the desire of the missionaries to return to the church in Thessalonica. See DISPOSED.

Note: In Acts 26:28 , in Agrippa's statement to Paul, the RV rendering is "with but little persuasion thou wouldest fain make me a Christian." The lit. rendering is "with (or in) little (labor or time) thou art persuading me so as to make (me) a Christian." There is no verb for "wouldest" in the original, but it brings out the sense.

Faint

1: ἐκλύω
(Strong's #1590 — Verb — ekluo — ek-loo'-o )

denotes (a) "to loose, release" (ek, "out," luo, "to loose"); (b) "to unloose," as a bow-string, "to relax," and so, "to enfeeble," and is used in the Passive Voice with the significance "to be faint, grow weary," (1) of the body, Matthew 15:32 ; (some mss. have it in Matthew 9:36 ); Mark 8:3 ; (2) of the soul, Galatians 6:9 (last clause), in discharging responsibilities in obedience to the Lord; in Hebrews 12:3 , of becoming weary in the strife against sin; in Hebrews 12:5 , under the chastening hand of God. It expresses the opposite of anazonnumi, "to gird up," 1 Peter 1:13 .

2: ἐκκακέω
(Strong's #1573 — Verb — enkakeo | ekkakeo — ek-kak-eh'-o )

"to lack courage, lose heart, be fainthearted" (en, "in," kakos, "base"), is said of prayer, Luke 18:1 ; of Gospel ministry, 2 Corinthians 4:1, 16 ; of the effect of tribulation, Ephesians 3:13 ; as to well doing, 2 Thessalonians 3:13 , "be not weary" (AV marg., "faint not"). Some mss. have this word in Galatians 6:9 (No. 1).

3: κάμνω
(Strong's #2577 — Verb — kamno — kam'-no )

primarily signified "to work;" then, as the effect of continued labor, "to be weary;" it is used in Hebrews 12:3 , of becoming "weary" (see also No. 1), RV, "wax not weary;" in James 5:15 , of sickness; some mss. have it in Revelation 2:3 , AV, "hast (not) fainted," RV, "grown weary." See SICK , WEARY.

Note: For apopsucho, Luke 21:26 , RV, see FAIL , Note (3).

Fainthearted

1: ὀλιγόψυχος
(Strong's #3642 — Adjective — oligopsuchos — ol-ig-op'-soo-khos )

lit., "small-souled" (oligos, "small," psuche, "the soul"), denotes "despondent;" then, "fainthearted," 1 Thessalonians 5:14 , RV, for the incorrect AV, "feeble-minded." In the Sept., similarly, in a good sense, Isaiah 57:15 , "who giveth endurance to the fainthearted," for RV, "to revive the spirit of the humble;" in a bad sense, Proverbs 18:14 , "who can endure a fainthearted man?"

Fair

1: ἀστεῖος
(Strong's #791 — Adjective — asteios — as-ti'-os )

lit., "of the city" (from astu, "a city;" like Lat. urbanus, from urbs, "a city;" Eng., "urbane;" similarly, "polite," from polis, "a town"), hence, "fair, elegant" (used in the papyri writings of clothing), is said of the external form of a child, Acts 7:20 , of Moses "(exceeding) fair," lit., "fair to God;" Hebrews 11:23 (RV, "goodly," AV, "proper"). See BEAUTIFUL , GOODLY , Note.

2: εὐδία
(Strong's #2105 — Noun Feminine — eudia — yoo-dee'-ah )

denotes "fair weather," Matthew 16:2 , from eudios, "calm;" from eu, "good," and dios, "divine," among the pagan Greeks, akin to the name for the god Zeus, or Jupiter. Some would derive Dios and the Latin deus (god) and dies (day) from a root meaning "bright." Cp. the Latin sub divo, "under a bright, open sky."

3: καλός
(Strong's #2570 — Adjective — kalos — kal-os' )

"beautiful, fair, in appearance," is used as part of the proper name, Fair Havens, Acts 27:8 . See BETTER , GOOD.

Notes: (1) In Romans 16:18 eulogia, which generally signifies "blessing," is used in its more literal sense, "fair speech," i.e., a fine style of utterance, giving the appearance of reasonableness.

(2) In Galatians 6:12 the verb euprosopeo, "to look well," lit., "to be fair of face" (eu, "well," and prosopon, "a face"), signifies "to make a fair of plausible show," used there metaphorically of making a display of religious zeal.

Faith

1: πίστις
(Strong's #4102 — Noun Feminine — pistis — pis'-tis )

primarily, "firm persuasion," a conviction based upon hearing (akin to peitho, "to persuade"), is used in the NT always of "faith in God or Christ, or things spiritual."

The word is used of (a) trust, e.g., Romans 3:25 [see Note (4) below]; 1 Corinthians 2:5 ; 1 Corinthians 15:14, 17 ; 2 Corinthians 1:24 ; Galatians 3:23 [see Note (5) below]; Philippians 1:25 ; Philippians 2:17 ; 1 Thessalonians 3:2 ; 2 Thessalonians 1:3 ; 2 Thessalonians 3:2 ; (b) trust-worthiness, e.g., Matthew 23:23 ; Romans 3:3 , RV, "the faithfulness of God;" Galatians 5:22 (RV, "faithfulness"); Titus 2:10 , "fidelity;" (c) by metonymy, what is believed, the contents of belief, the "faith," Acts 6:7 ; Acts 14:22 ; Galatians 1:23 ; Galatians 3:25 [contrast Galatians 3:23 , under (a)]; Galatians 6:10 ; Philippians 1:27 ; 1 Thessalonians 3:10 ; Jude 1:3, 20 (and perhaps 2 Thessalonians 3:2 ); (d) a ground for "faith," an assurance, Acts 17:31 (not as in AV, marg., "offered faith"); (e) a pledge of fidelity, plighted "faith," 1 Timothy 5:12 .

The main elements in "faith" in its relation to the invisible God, as distinct from "faith" in man, are especially brought out in the use of this noun and the corresponding verb, pisteuo; they are (1) a firm conviction, producing a full acknowledgement of God's revelation or truth, e.g., 2 Thessalonians 2:11, 12 ; (2) a personal surrender to Him, John 1:12 ; (3) a conduct inspired by such surrender, 2 Corinthians 5:7 . Prominence is given to one or other of these elements according to the context. All this stands in contrast to belief in its purely natural exercise, which consists of an opinion held in good "faith" without necessary reference to its proof. The object of Abraham's "faith" was not God's promise (that was the occasion of its exercise); his "faith" rested on God Himself, Romans 4:17, 20, 21 . See ASSURANCE , BELIEF , FAITHFULNESS , FIDELITY.

Notes: (1) In Hebrews 10:23 , elpis, "hope," is mistranslated "faith" in the AV (RV, "hope"). (2) In Acts 6:8 the most authentic mss. have charis, "grace," RV, for pistis, "faith." (3) In Romans 3:3 , RV, apistia, is rendered "want of faith," for AV, "unbelief" (so translated elsewhere). See UNBELIEF. The verb apisteo in that verse is rendered "were without faith," RV, for AV, "did not believe." (4) In Romans 3:25 , the AV wrongly links "faith" with "in His blood," as if "faith" is reposed in the blood (i.e., the death) of Christ; the en is instrumental; "faith" rests in the living Person; hence the RV rightly puts a comma after "through faith," and renders the next phrase "by His blood," which is to be connected with "a propitiation." Christ became a propitiation through His blood (i.e., His death in expiatory sacrifice for sin). (5) In Galatians 3:23 , though the article stands before "faith" in the original, "faith" is here to be taken as under (a) above, and as in Galatians 3:22 , and not as under (c), "the faith;" the article is simply that of renewed mention. (6) For the difference between the teaching of Paul and that of James, on "faith" and works, see Notes on Galatians, by Hogg and Vine, pp. 117-119.

Faith (2)

1: πίστις
(Strong's #4102 — Noun Feminine — pistis — pis'-tis )

primarily, "firm persuasion," a conviction based upon hearing (akin to peitho, "to persuade"), is used in the NT always of "faith in God or Christ, or things spiritual."

Faithful, Faithfully, Faithless

1: πιστός
(Strong's #4103 — Adjective — pistos — pis-tos' )

a verbal adjective, akin to peitho (see FAITH), is used in two senses, (a) Passive, "faithful, to be trusted, reliable," said of God, e.g., 1 Corinthians 1:9 ; 1 Corinthians 10:13 ; 2 Corinthians 1:18 (AV, "true"); 2 Timothy 2:13 ; Hebrews 10:23 ; Hebrews 11:11 ; 1 Peter 4:19 ; 1 John 1:9 ; of Christ, e.g., 2 Thessalonians 3:3 ; Hebrews 2:17 ; Hebrews 3:2 ; Revelation 1:5 ; Revelation 3:14 ; Revelation 19:11 ; of the words of God, e.g., Acts 13:34 , "sure;" 1 Timothy 1:15 ; 1 Timothy 3:1 (AV, "true"); 4:9; 2 Timothy 2:11 ; Titus 1:9 ; Titus 3:8 ; Revelation 21:5 ; Revelation 22:6 ; of servants of the Lord, Matthew 24:45 ; Matthew 25:21, 23 ; Acts 16:15 ; 1 Corinthians 4:2, 17 ; 1 Corinthians 7:25 ; Ephesians 6:21 ; Colossians 1:7 ; Colossians 4:7, 9 ; 1 Timothy 1:12 ; 1 Timothy 3:11 ; 2 Timothy 2:2 ; Hebrews 3:5 ; 1 Peter 5:12 ; 3 John 1:5 ; Revelation 2:13 ; Revelation 17:14 ; of believers, Ephesians 1:1 ; Colossians 1:2 ; (b) Active, signifying "believing, trusting, relying," e.g., Acts 16:1 (feminine); 2 Corinthians 6:15 ; Galatians 3:9 seems best taken in this respect, as the context lays stress upon Abraham's "faith" in God, rather than upon his "faithfulness." In John 20:27 the context requires the Active sense, as the Lord is reproaching Thomas for his want of "faith." See No. 2.

With regard to believers, they are spoken of sometimes in the Active sense, sometimes in the Passive, i.e., sometimes as believers, sometimes as "faithful." See Lightfoot on Galatians, p. 155.

Note: In 3 John 1:5 the RV has "thou doest a faithful work," for AV, "thou doest faithfully." The lit. rendering is "thou doest (poieo) a faithful thing, whatsoever thou workest (ergazo)." That would not do as a translation. To do a "faithful" work is to do what is worthy of a "faithful" man. The AV gives a meaning but is not exact as a translation. Westcott suggests "thou makest sure (piston) whatsoever thou workest" (i.e., it will not lose its reward). The change between poieo, "to do," and ergazo, "to work," must be maintained. Cp. Matthew 26:10 (ergazo and ergon).

2: ἄπιστος
(Strong's #571 — Adjective — apistos — ap'-is-tos )

is used with meanings somewhat parallel to No. 1; (a) "untrustworthy" (a, negative, and No. 1), not worthy of confidence or belief, is said of things "incredible," Acts 26:8 ; (b) "unbelieving, distrustful," used as a noun, "unbeliever," Luke 12:46 ; 1 Timothy 5:8 (RV, for AV, "infidel"); in Titus 1:15 ; Revelation 21:8 , "unbelieving;" "faithless" in Matthew 17:17 ; Mark 9:19 ; Luke 9:41 ; John 20:27 . The word is most frequent in 1 and 2Corinthians. See BELIEVE , INCREDIBLE , INFIDEL , UNBELIEVER , UNFAITHFUL. (In the Sept., Proverbs 17:6 ; Proverbs 28:25 ; Isaiah 17:10 .)

Faithfulness

* Note: This is not found in the AV. The RV corrects the AV "faith" to "faithfulness" in Romans 3:3 ; Galatians 5:22 . See FAITH.

Fall, Fallen, Falling, Fell

A — 1: πτῶσις
(Strong's #4431 — Noun Feminine — ptosis — pto'-sis )

"a fall" (akin to B, No. 1), is used (a) literally, of the "overthrow of a building," Matthew 7:27 ; (b) metaphorically, Luke 2:34 , of the spiritual "fall" of those in Israel who would reject Christ; the word "again" in the AV of the next clause is misleading; the "rising up" (RV) refers to those who would acknowledge and receive Him, a distinct class from those to whom the "fall" applies. The "fall" would be irretrievable, cp. (a); such a lapse as Peter's is not in view.

A — 2: παράπτωμα
(Strong's #3900 — Noun Neuter — paraptoma — par-ap'-to-mah )

primarily "a false step, a blunder" (para, "aside," pipto, "to fall"), then "a lapse from uprightness, a sin, a moral trespass, misdeed," is translated "fall" in Romans 11:11, 12 , of the sin and "downfall" of Israel in their refusal to acknowledge God's claims and His Christ; by reason of this the offer of salvation was made to Gentiles; cp. ptaio, "to stumble," in ver. 11. See FAULT , OFFENSE, SIN , TRESPASS.

A — 3: ἀποστασία
(Strong's #646 — Noun Feminine — apostasia — ap-os-tas-ee'-ah )

"a defection, revolt, apostasy," is used in the NT of religious apostasy; in Acts 21:21 , it is translated "to forsake," lit., "thou teachest apostasy from Moses." In 2 Thessalonians 2:3 "the falling away" signifies apostasy from the faith. In papyri documents it is used politically of rebels. Note: For "mighty fall," Revelation 18:21 , RV, see VIOLENCE.

B — 1: πίπτω
(Strong's #4098 — Verb — pipto — pip'-to, pet'-o )

"to fall," is used (a) of descent, to "fall" down from, e.g., Matthew 10:29 ; Matthew 13:4 ; (b) of a lot, Acts 1:26 ; (c) of "falling" under judgment, James 5:12 (cp. Revelation 18:2 , RV); (d) of persons in the act of prostration, to prostrate oneself, e.g., Matthew 17:6 ; John 18:6 ; Revelation 1:17 ; in homage and workship, e.g., Matthew 2:11 ; Mark 5:22 ; Revelation 5:14 ; Revelation 19:4 ; (e) of things, "falling" into ruin, or failing, e.g., Matthew 7:25 ; Luke 16:17 , RV, "fall," for AV, "fail;" Hebrews 11:30 ; (f) of "falling" in judgement upon persons, as of the sun's heat, Revelation 7:16 , RV, "strike," AV, "light;" of a mist and darkness, Acts 13:11 (some mss. have epipipto); (g) of persons, in "falling" morally or spiritually, Romans 14:4 ; 1 Corinthians 10:8, 12 ; Revelation 2:5 (some mss. have No. 3 here). See FAIL , LIGHT (upon), STRIKE.

B — 2: ἀποπίπτω
(Strong's #634 — Verb — apopipto — ap-op-ip'-to )

"to fall from" (apo, "from"), is used in Acts 9:18 , of the scales which "fell" from the eyes of Saul of Tarsus.

B — 3: ἐκπίπτω
(Strong's #1601 — Verb — ekpipto — ek-pip'-to )

"to fall out of" (ek, "out," and No. 1), "is used in the NT, literally, of flowers that wither in the course of nature, James 1:11 ; 1 Peter 1:24 ; of a ship not under control, Acts 27:17, 26, 29, 32 ; of shackles loosed from a prisoner's wrist, Acts 12:7 ; figuratively, of the Word of God (the expression of His purpose), which cannot "fall" away from the end to which it is set, Romans 9:6 ; of the believer who is warned lest he "fall" away from the course in which he has been confirmed by the Word of God, 2 Peter 3:17 ." * [* From Notes on Galatians, by Hogg and Vine, p. 242.] So of those who seek to be justified by law, Galatians 5:4 , "ye are fallen away from grace." Some mss. have this verb in Mark 13:25 , for No. 1; so in Revelation 2:5 . See CAST , EFFECT.

B — 4: ἐμπίπτω
(Strong's #1706 — Verb — empipto — em-pip'-to )

"to fall into, or among" (en, "in," and No. 1), is used (a) literally, Matthew 12:11 ; Luke 6:39 (some mss. have No. 1 here); 10:36; some mss. have it in Luke 14:5 ; (b) metaphorically, into condemnation, 1 Timothy 3:6 ; reproach, 1 Timothy 3:7 ; temptation and snare, 1 Timothy 6:9 ; the hands of God in judgment, Hebrews 10:31 .

B — 5: ἐπιπίπτω
(Strong's #1968 — Verb — epipipto — ep-ee-pip'-to )

"to fall upon" (epi, "upon," and No. 1), is used (a) literally, Mark 3:10 , "pressed upon;" Acts 20:10, 37 ; (b) metaphorically, of fear, Luke 1:12 ; Acts 19:17 ; Revelation 11:11 (No. 1, in some mss.); reproaches, Romans 15:3 ; of the Holy Spirit, Acts 8:16 ; Acts 10:44 ; Acts 11:15 .

Note: Some mss. have this verb in John 13:25 ; Acts 10:10 ; Acts 13:11 . See PRESS.

B — 6: καταπίπτω
(Strong's #2667 — Verb — katapipto — kat-ap-ip'-to )

"to fall down" (kata, "down," and No. 1), is used in Luke 8:6 (in the best mss.); Acts 26:14 ; Acts 28:6 .

B — 7: παραπίπτω
(Strong's #3895 — Verb — parapipto — par-ap-ip'-to )

akin to A, No. 2, properly, "to fall in one's way" (para, "by"), signifies "to fall away" (from adherence to the realities and facts of the faith), Hebrews 6:6 .

B — 8: περιπίπτω
(Strong's #4045 — Verb — peripipto — per-ee-pip'-to )

"to fall around" (peri, "around"), hence signifies to "fall" in with, or among, to light upon, come across, Luke 10:30 , "among (robbers);" Acts 27:41 , AV, "falling into," RV, "lighting upon," a part of a shore; James 1:2 , into temptation (i.e., trials). See LIGHT (to light upon). In the Sept., Ruth 2:3 ; 2 Samuel 1:6 ; Proverbs 11:5 .

B — 9: προσπίπτω
(Strong's #4363 — Verb — prospipto — pros-pip'-to )

"to fall towards anything" (pros, "towards"), "to strike against," is said of "wind," Matthew 7:25 ; it also signifies to "fall" down at one's feet, "fall" prostrate before, Mark 3:11 ; Mark 5:33 ; Mark 7:25 ; Luke 5:8 ; Luke 8:28, 47 ; Acts 16:29 .

B — 10: ὑστερέω
(Strong's #5302 — Verb — hustereo — hoos-ter-eh'-o )

"to come late, to be last, behind, inferior," is translated "falleth short" in Hebrews 12:15 , RV, for AV, "fail," and "fall short" in Romans 3:23 , for AV, "come short," which, in view of the preceding "have," is ambiguous, and might be taken as a past tense. See BEHIND.

B — 11: ἐπιβάλλω
(Strong's #1911 — Verb — epiballo — ep-ee-bal'-lo )

"to cast upon" (epi, "on," ballo, "to throw"), also signifies to "fall" to one's share, Luke 15:12 , "that falleth." The phrase is frequently found in the papyri documents as a technical formula. See CAST , A, No. 7.

B — 12: ἔρχομαι
(Strong's #2064 — Verb — erchomai — er'-khom-ahee )

"to come," is translated "have fallen out," in Philippians 1:12 , of the issue of circumstances. See COME.

B — 13: γίνομαι
(Strong's #1096 — Verb — ginomai — ghin'-om-ahee )

"to become," is translated "falling" (headlong) in Acts 1:18 . See Note (1) below. See BECOME.

B — 14: ἀφίστημι
(Strong's #868 — Verb — aphistemi — af-is'-tay-mee )

when used intransitively, signifies "to stand off" (apo, "from," histemi, "to stand"), "to withdraw from;" hence, "to fall away, to apostatize," 1 Timothy 4:1 , RV, "shall fall away," for AV, "shall depart;" Hebrews 3:12 , RV, "falling away." See DEPART , No. 20.

B — 15: παραβαίνω
(Strong's #3845 — Verb — parabaino — par-ab-ah'ee-no )

"to transgress, fall" (para, "away, across," baino, "to go"), is translated "fell away" in Acts 1:25 , RV, for AV, "by transgression fell." See TRANSGRESS.

B — 16: καταβαίνω
(Strong's #2597 — Verb — katabaino — kat-ab-ah'ee-no )

denotes "to come (or fall) down," Luke 22:44 ; in Revelation 16:21 , "cometh down," RV. See COME , DESCEND.

Notes: (1) In Revelation 16:2 , ginomai, "to become," is translated "it became," RV, for AV, "there fell." (2) In 2 Peter 1:10 , ptaio, "to stumble," is translated "stumble," RV, for AV, "fall." (3) In Romans 14:13 , skandalon, "a snare, a means of doing wrong," is rendered "an occasion of falling," RV, for AV "an occasion to fall." (4) Koimao, in the Middle Voice, signifies "to fall asleep," Matthew 27:52 , RV, "had fallen asleep," for AV, "slept." See ASLEEP. (5) In Acts 27:34 , apollumi, "to perish," is translated "shall ... perish," RV, for AV, "shall ... fall." (6) In Jude 1:24 the adjective aptaistos, "without stumbling, sure footed" (a, negative, and ptaio, "to stumble"), is translated "from stumbling," RV, for AV, "from falling." (7) In Acts 1:18 the phrase prenes, headlong, with the aorist participle of ginomai, "to become," "falling headlong." lit., "having become headlong," is used of the suicide of Judas Iscariot. Some would render the word (it is a medical term) "swollen," (as connected with a form of the verb pimpremi, "to burn"), indicating the condition of the body of certain suicides. (8) In Acts 20:9 , AV, kataphero, "to bear down," is translated "being fallen into" (RV, "borne down"), and then "he sunk down" (RV, ditto), the first of gradual oppression, the second (the aorist tense) of momentary effect. (9) In Acts 19:35 diopetes, from dios, "heaven," pipto, "to fall," i.e., "fallen" from the sky, is rendered "image which fell down from Jupiter" (RV marg., "heaven").

False, Falsehood, Falsely

A — 1: ψευδής
(Strong's #5571 — Adjective — pseudes — psyoo-dace' )

is used of "false witnesses," Acts 6:13 ; "false apostles," Revelation 2:2 , RV, "false," AV, "liars;" Revelation 21:8 , "liars."

Note: For compound words with this adjective, see APOSTLE , BRETHREN , CHRIST , PROPHET , WITNESS.

A — 2: ψευδώνυμος
(Strong's #5581 — Adjective — pseudonumos — psyoo-do'-noo-mos )

"under a false name" (No. 1, and onoma, "a name;" Eng., "pseudonym"), is said of the knowledge professed by the propagandists of various heretical cults, 1 Timothy 6:20 .

B — 1: ψεῦδος
(Strong's #5579 — Noun Neuter — pseudos — psyoo'-dos )

"a falsehood" (akin to A, No. 1), is so translated in Ephesians 4:25 , RV (AV, "lying"); in 2 Thessalonians 2:9 , "lying wonders" is lit. "wonders of falsehood," i.e., wonders calculated to deceive; it is elsewhere rendered "lie," John 8:44 ; Romans 1:25 ; 2 Thessalonians 2:11 ; 1 John 2:21, 27 ; Revelation 14:5 , RV; 21:27; 22:15. See GUILE , LIE.

C — 1: ψεύδομαι
(Strong's #5574 — Verb — pseudo — psyoo'-dom-ahee )

"to deceive by lies," is used in the Middle Voice, translated "to say ... falsely," in Matthew 5:11 ; it is elsewhere rendered "to lie," Acts 5:3, 4 ; Romans 9:1 ; 2 Corinthians 11:31 ; Galatians 1:20 ; Colossians 3:9 ; 1 Timothy 2:7 . See LIE.

Fame

A — 1: φήμη
(Strong's #5345 — Noun Feminine — pheme — fay'-may )

originally denoted "a Divine voice, an oracle;" hence, "a saying or report" (akin to phemi, "to say," from a root meaning "to shine, to be clear;" hence, Lat., fama, Eng., "fame"), is rendered "fame" in Matthew 9:26 ; Luke 4:14 .

Notes: (1) In Luke 5:15 , RV, logos, "a word, report, account," is translated "report," for AV, "fame." See REPORT. (2) Akoe, "a hearing," is translated "report" in the RV of Matthew 4:24 ; Matthew 14:1 ; Mark 1:28 , for AV, "fame." See EAR , No. 3. HEARING. (3) Echos, "a noise, report, sound," is translated "rumor," in the RV of Luke 4:37 , for AV, "fame;" "sound" in Acts 2:2 ; Hebrews 12:19 . See RUMOR , SOUND.

B — 1: διαφημίζω
(Strong's #1310 — Verb — diaphemizo — dee-af-ay-mid'-zo )

signifies "to spread abroad a matter," Matthew 28:15 , RV; Mark 1:45 , RV (from dia, "throughout," and phemi, "to say"); hence, "to spread abroad one's fame," Matthew 9:31 . All the passages under this heading relate to the testimony concerning Christ in the days of His flesh.

Family

1: οἶκος
(Strong's #3624 — Noun Masculine — oikos — oy'-kos )

signifies (a) "a dwelling, a house" (akin to oikeo, to dwell); (b) "a household, family," translated "family" in 1 Timothy 5:4 , RV, for AV, "at home." See HOME , HOUSE , HOUSEHOLD , TEMPLE.

2: πατριά
(Strong's #3965 — Noun Feminine — patria — pat-ree-ah' )

primarily "an ancestry, lineage," signifies in the NT "a family or tribe" (in the Sept. it is used of related people, in a sense wider than No. 1, but narrower than phule, "a tribe," e.g., Exodus 12:3 ; Numbers 32:28 ); it is used of the "family" of David, Luke 2:4 , RV, for AV, "lineage;" in the wider sense of "nationalities, races," Acts 3:25 , RV, "families," for AV, "kindreds;" in Ephesians 3:15 , RV, "every family," for AV, "the whole family," the reference being to all those who are spiritually related to God the Father, He being the Author of their spiritual relationship to Him as His children, they being united to one another in "family" fellowship (patria is akin to pater, "a father"); Luther's translation, "all who bear the name of children," is advocated by Cremer, p. 474. The phrase, however, is lit., "every family." See KINDRED.

Famine

1: λιμός
(Strong's #3042 — Noun Masculine — limos — lee-mos' )

is translated "hunger" in Luke 15:17 ; 2 Corinthians 11:27 ; elsewhere it signifies "a famine," and is so translated in each place in the RV; the AV has the word "dearth" in Acts 7:11 ; Acts 11:28 , and "hunger" in Revelation 6:8 ; the RV "famine" is preferable there; see Matthew 24:7 ; Mark 13:8 ; Luke 4:25 ; Luke 15:14 ; Luke 21:11 ; Romans 8:35 ; Revelation 18:8 . See HUNGER.

Fan

1: πτύον
(Strong's #4425 — Noun Neuter — ptuon — ptoo'-on )

denotes "a winnowing shovel or fan," with which grain is thrown up against the wind, in order to separate the chaff, Matthew 3:12 ; Luke 3:17 .

Far

A — 1: μακρός
(Strong's #3117 — Adjective — makros — mak-ros' )

is used (a) of space and time, "long," said of prayers (in some mss., Matthew 23:14 ), Mark 12:40 ; Luke 20:47 ; (b) of distance, "far, far" distant, Luke 15:13 ; Luke 19:12 . See LONG.

B — 1: μακράν
(Strong's #3112 — Adverb — makran — mak-ran' )

properly a feminine form of the adjective above, denotes "a long way, far," (a) literally, Matthew 8:30 , RV, "afar off." Luke 7:6 ; Luke 15:20 , RV, "afar off;" John 21:8 ; Acts 17:27 ; Acts 22:21 ; (b) metaphorically, "far (from the kingdom of God)," Mark 12:34 ; in spiritual darkness, Acts 2:39 ; Ephesians 2:13, 17 . See AFAR.

B — 2: μακρόθεν
(Strong's #3113 — Adverb — makrothen — mak-roth'-en )

from "far" (akin to No. 1), Mark 8:3 : see AFAR.

B — 3: πόρρω
(Strong's #4206 — Adverb — porro — por'-rho )

is used (a) literally, Luke 14:32 , "a great way off;" the comparative degree porroteron, "further," is used in Luke 24:28 ; (b) metaphorically, of the heart in separation from God, Matthew 15:8 ; Mark 7:6 . See FURTHER , WAY. Cp. porrothen, "afar off;" see AFAR.

Notes: (1) In Matthew 16:22 , Peter's word to the Lord "be it far from Thee" translates the phrase hileos soi, lit., "(God be) propitious to Thee," RV, marg., "God have mercy on Thee." Some would translate it "God avert this from Thee!" Others render it "God forbid!" Luther's translation is "spare Thyself." Lightfoot suggests "Nay, verily!" or "Away with the thought!" It was the vehement and impulsive utterance of Peter's horrified state of mind. Hileos signifies "propitious, merciful," Hebrews 8:12 . See MERCY , C. (2) In Luke 22:51 , "thus far" translates the phrase heos toutou, lit., "unto this." (3) In Galatians 6:14 the RV, "far be it" translates the phrase me genoito, lit., "let it not be," elsewhere translated idiomatically "God forbid," e.g., Luke 20:16 . See FORBID. (4) In Hebrews 7:15 the AV "far more" translates perissoteron, RV, "more abundantly;" see ABUNDANT. (5) In the following the verb apodemeo, "to go abroad," is rendered, in the AV, "to go into a far country," RV, "to go into another country," Matthew 21:33 ; Matthew 25:14 ; Mark 12:1 ; in Matthew 25:15 , RV, "he went on his journey" (AV, "took etc."). In Luke 15:13 the AV and RV have "took (his) journey into a far country;" in Luke 20:9 , RV, "another country," for AV, "a far country." The adjective apodemos in Mark 13:34 is rendered in the AV, "taking a far journey," RV, "sojourning in another country." See JOURNEY. (6) In 2 Corinthians 4:17 the phrase kath' huperbolen is translated "more and more," RV, for AV, "a far more." (7) In the following, heos, used as a preposition, is translated "as far as" in the RV, for different words in the AV; Acts 17:14 , in the best mss., instead of hos, which the AV renders "as it were;" Acts 17:15 , "unto;" Acts 23:23 , "to." Both versions have "as far as" in Acts 11:19, 22 ; in Luke 24:50 , the RV has "until they were over against," for AV, "as far as to." (8) In Revelation 14:20 , the preposition apo, "from," is translated "as far as" in the RV, for AV, "by the space of."

Fare, Farewell

1: εὐφραίνω
(Strong's #2165 — Verb — euphraino — yoo-frah'ee-no )

in the Active Voice, signifies "to cheer, gladden," 2 Corinthians 2:2 ; in the Passive, "to rejoice, make merry;" translated "faring sumptuously" in Luke 16:19 , especially of food (RV, marg., "living in mirth and splendor"). See GLAD , MERRY , REJOICE.

2: ῥώννυμι
(Strong's #4517 — Verb — rhonnumi — hrone'-noo-mee )

"to strengthen, to be strong," is used in the imperative mood as a formula at the end of letters, signifying "Farewell," Acts 15:29 ; some mss. have it in Acts 23:30 (the RV omits it, as do most versions).

3: ἔχω
(Strong's #2192 — Verb — echo — ekh'-o )

"to have," is used idiomatically in Acts 15:36 , RV, "(how) they fare," AV, "how they do."

4: χαίρω
(Strong's #5463 — Verb — chairo — khah'ee-ro )

"to joy, rejoice, be glad," is used in the imperative mood in salutations, (a) on meeting, "Hail," e.g., Matthew 26:49 ; or with lego, "to say, to give a greeting," 2 John 1:11 ; in letters; "greeting," e.g., Acts 15:23 ; (b) at parting, the underlying thought being joy, 2 Corinthians 13:11 (RV, marg., "rejoice"); (c) on other occasions, see the RV marg. in Philippians 3:1 ; Philippians 4:4 . See GLAD , GREETING , No. 2, HAIL, JOY, JOYFULLY.

Note: As "farewell" is inadequate to express chairo, which always conveys the thought of joy or cheer, (b) properly comes under (c).

5: ἀποτάσσω
(Strong's #657 — Verb — apotasso — ap-ot-as'-som-ahee )

primarily denotes "to set apart;" then, in the Middle Voice, (a) "to take leave of, bid farewell to," Mark 6:46 , "had taken leave of;" cp. Acts 18:18, 21 ; 2 Corinthians 2:13 (in these three verses, the verb may signify to give final instructions to); Luke 9:61 , "to bid farewell;" (b) "to forsake," Luke 14:33 . In the papyri, besides saying goodbye, the stronger meaning is found of getting rid of a person (Moulton and Milligan). See FORSAKE , LEAVE (take), RENOUNCE , SEND (away).

Note: For aspazomai, "to bid farewell," see LEAVE (c), No. 2.

Farm

1: ἀγρός
(Strong's #68 — Noun Masculine — agros — ag-ros' )

denotes (a) "a field" (cp. Eng., "agriculture"), e.g., Matthew 6:28 ; (b) "the country," e.g., Mark 15:21 , or, in the plural, "country places, farms," Mark 5:14 ; Mark 6:36, 56 ; Luke 8:34 ; Luke 9:12 ; (c) "a piece of ground," e.g., Mark 10:29 ; Acts 4:37 ; "a farm," Matthew 22:5 . See COUNTRY , FIELD , GROUND , LAND.

Note: For the synonymous word chora, "a country, land," see COUNTRY. Moulton and Milligan point out that agros is frequent in the Sept., and in the Synoptic Gospels, but that Luke uses chora especially, and that possibly agros was a favorite word with translators from Hebrew and Aramaic.

Farther Side

* For FARTHER SIDE, Mark 10:1 , see BEYOND , No. 2

Farthing

1: ἀσσάριον
(Strong's #787 — Noun Neuter — assarion — as-sar'-ee-on )

a diminutive of the Latin as, was one-tenth of a drachma, or one-sixteenth of a Roman denarius, i.e., about three farthings, Matthew 10:29 ; Luke 12:6 .

2: κοδράντης
(Strong's #2835 — Noun Masculine — kodrantes — kod-ran'-tace )

was the Latin quadrans, "the fourth part of an as" (see No. 1), about two thirds of a farthing, Matthew 5:26 ; Mark 12:42 .

Fashion

A — 1: εἶδος
(Strong's #1491 — Noun Neuter — eidos — i'-dos )

"that which is seen, an appearance," is translated "fashion" in Luke 9:29 , of the Lord's countenance at the Transfiguration. See APPEARANCE , and Note under IMAGE, No. 1.

A — 2: πρόσωπον
(Strong's #4383 — Noun Neuter — prosopon — pros'-o-pon )

"the face, countenance," is translated "fashion" in James 1:11 , of the flower of grass. See COUNTENANCE. Cp. James 1:24 , "what manner of man," which translates hopoios, "of what sort."

A — 3: σχῆμα
(Strong's #4976 — Noun Neuter — schema — skhay'-mah )

"a figure, fashion" (akin to echo, "to have"), is translated "fashion" in 1 Corinthians 7:31 , of the world, signifying that which comprises the manner of life, actions, etc. of humanity in general; in Philippians 2:8 it is used of the Lord in His being found "in fashion" as a man, and signifies what He was in the eyes of men, "the entire outwardly perceptible mode and shape of His existence, just as the preceding words morphe, "form," and homoioma, "likeness," describe what He was in Himself as Man" (Gifford on the Incarnation, p. 44). "Men saw in Christ a human form, bearing, language, action, mode of life ... in general the state and relations of a human being, so that in the entire mode of His appearance He made Himself known and was recognized as a man" (Meyer).

A — 4: τύπος
(Strong's #5179 — Noun Masculine — tupos — too'-pos )

"a type, figure, example," is translated "fashion" in the AV of Acts 7:44 , RV, "figure," said of the tabernacle. See ENSAMPLE.

B — 1: οὕτως
(Strong's #3779 — Adverb — houtos — hoo'-to )

"thus, so, in this way," is rendered "on this fashion" in Mark 2:12 . See EVEN , No. 5, LIKEWISE, MANNER, SO, THUS, WHAT.

C — 1: μετασχηματίζω
(Strong's #3345 — Verb — metaschematizo — met-askh-ay-mat-id'-zo )

"to change in fashion or appearance" (meta, "after," here implying change, schema, see A, No. 3), is rendered "shall fashion anew" in Philippians 3:21 , RV; AV, "shall change," of the bodies of believers as changed or raised at the Lord's return; in 2 Corinthians 11:13, 14, 15 , the RV uses the verb "to fashion oneself," for AV, to transform, of Satan and his human ministers, false apostles; in 1 Corinthians 4:6 it is used by way of a rhetorical device, with the significance of transferring by a figure. See CHANGE , TRANSFORM.

C — 2: συσχηματίζω
(Strong's #4964 — Verb — suschematizo — soos-khay-mat-id'-zo )

"to give the same figure or appearance as, to conform to" (sun, "with," schema, cp. No. 1), used in the Passive Voice, signifies "to fashion oneself, to be fashioned," Romans 12:2 , RV, "be not fashioned according to," for AV, "be not conformed to;" 1 Peter 1:14 , "(not) fashioning yourselves." See CONFORMED.

Note: In Romans 12:2 being outwardly "conformed" to the things of this age is contrasted with being "transformed" (or transfigured) inwardly by the renewal of the thoughts through the Holy Spirit's power. A similar distinction holds good in Philippians 3:21 ; the Lord will "fashion anew," or change outwardly, the body of our humiliation, and "conform" it in its nature (summorphos) to the body of His glory.

D — 1: σύμμορφος
(Strong's #4832 — Adjective — summorphos — soom-mor-fos' )

"having like form with" (sun, "with," morphe, "form"), is used in Romans 8:29 ; Philippians 3:21 (AV, "fashioned," RV, "conformed"). See CONFORM.

Fast

1: ἀσφαλίζω
(Strong's #805 — Verb — asphalizo — as-fal-id'-zo )

"to make secure, safe, firm" (akin to asphales, "safe"), (a, negative, and sphallo, "to trip up"), is translated "make ... fast," in Acts 16:24 , of prisoners' feet in the stocks. In Matthew 27:64, 65, 66 , it is rendered "to make sure." See SURE.

Note: For HOLD (fast) and STAND (fast), see HOLD and STAND, No. 7.

Fast, Fasting

A — 1: νηστεία
(Strong's #3521 — Noun Feminine — nesteia — nace-ti'-ah )

"a fasting, fast" (from ne, a negative prefix, and esthio, "to eat"), is used (a) of voluntary abstinence from food, Luke 2:37 ; Acts 14:23 (some mss. have it in Matthew 17:21 ; Mark 9:29 ); "fasting" had become a common practice among Jews, and was continued among Christians; in Acts 27:9 "the Fast" refers to the Day of Atonement, Leviticus 16:29 ; that time of the year would be one of dangerous sailing; (b) of involuntary abstinence (perhaps voluntary is included), consequent upon trying circumstances, 2 Corinthians 6:5 ; 2 Corinthians 11:27 .

A — 2: νῆστις
(Strong's #3523 — Noun Feminine — nestis — nace'-tis )

"not eating" (see No. 1), "fasting," is used of lack of food, Matthew 15:32 ; Mark 8:3 .

Note: Asitia, Acts 27:21 , means "without food" (not through lack of supplies), i.e., abstinence from food. See ABSTINENCE , and cp. C, below.

B — 1: νηστεύω
(Strong's #3522 — Verb — nesteuo — nace-tyoo'-o )

"to fast, to abstain from eating" (akin to A, Nos. 1 and 2), is used of voluntary "fasting," Matthew 4:2 ; Matthew 6:16, 17, 18 ; Matthew 9:14, 15 ; Mark 2:18, 19, 20 ; Luke 5:33, 34, 35 ; Luke 18:12 ; Acts 13:2, 3 . Some of these passages show that teachers to whom scholars or disciples were attached gave them special instructions as to "fasting." Christ taught the need of purity and simplicity of motive.

The answers of Christ to the questions of the disciples of John and of the Pharisees reveal His whole purpose and method. No doubt He and His followers observed such a fast as that on the Day of Atonement, but He imposed no frequent "fasts" in addition. What He taught was suitable to the change of character and purpose which He designed for His disciples. His claim to be the Bridegroom, Matthew 9:15 , and the reference there to the absence of "fasting," virtually involved a claim to be the Messiah (cp. Zechariah 8:19 ). Some mss. have the verb in Acts 10:30 .

C — 1: ἄσιτος
(Strong's #777 — Adjective — asitos — as'-ee-tos )

"without food" (a, negative, sitos, "corn, food"), is used in Acts 27:33 , "fasting." Cp. asitia, Note under A, No. 2.

Fasten

1: ἀτενίζω
(Strong's #816 — Verb — atenizo — at-en-id'-zo )

from atenes, "strained, intent," and teino, "to stretch, strain" (from a root ten---, seen in Eng., "tension, tense," etc.), signifies "to look fixedly, gaze, fasten one's eyes upon," and is found twelve times in the writings of Luke (ten in the Acts), out of its fourteen occurrences. It always has a strongly intensive meaning, and is translated "to fasten the eyes upon" in the AV and RV in Luke 4:20 ; Acts 3:4 ; Acts 11:6 ; so in the RV, where the AV has different renderings, in Acts 6:15 (for AV, "looking steadfastly"); 10:4 ("looked"); 13:9 ("set his eyes"); 14:9 ("steadfastly beholding"). In Acts 7:55 , both have "looked up steadfastly." In the following the RV also varies the translation, Luke 22:56 ; Acts 1:10 ; Acts 3:12 ; Acts 23:1 ; 2 Corinthians 3:7, 13 . See BEHOLD , LOOK.

2: καθάπτω
(Strong's #2510 — Verb — kathapto — kath-ap'-to )

"to fasten on, lay hold of, attack," is used of the serpent which fastened on Paul's hand, Acts 28:3 .

Father

A — 1: πατήρ
(Strong's #3962 — Noun Masculine — pater — pat-ayr' )

from a root signifying "a nourisher, protector, upholder" (Lat., pater, Eng., "father," are akin), is used (a) of the nearest ancestor, e.g., Matthew 2:22 ; (b) of a more remote ancestor, the progenitor of the people, a "forefather," e.g., Matthew 3:9 ; Matthew 23:30 ; 1 Corinthians 10:1 ; the patriarchs, 2 Peter 3:4 ; (c) one advanced in the knowledge of Christ, 1 John 2:13 ; (d) metaphorically, of the originator of a family or company of persons animated by the same spirit as himself, as of Abraham, Romans 4:11, 12, 16, 17, 18 , or of Satan, John 8:38, 41, 44 ; (e) of one who, as a preacher of the Gospel and a teacher, stands in a "father's" place, caring for his spiritual children, 1 Corinthians 4:15 (not the same as a mere title of honor, which the Lord prohibited, Matthew 23:9 ); (f) of the members of the Sanhedrin, as of those who exercised religious authority over others, Acts 7:2 ; Acts 22:1 ; (g) of God in relation to those who have been born anew (John 1:12, 13 ), and so are believers, Ephesians 2:18 ; Ephesians 4:6 (cp. 2 Corinthians 6:18 ), and imitators of their "Father," Matthew 5:45, 48 ; Matthew 6:1, 4, 6, 8, 9 , etc. Christ never associated Himself with them by using the personal pronoun "our;" He always used the singular, "My Father," His relationship being unoriginated and essential, whereas theirs is by grace and regeneration, e.g., Matthew 11:27 ; Matthew 25:34 ; John 20:17 ; Revelation 2:27 ; Revelation 3:5, 21 ; so the Apostles spoke of God as the "Father" of the Lord Jesus Christ, e.g., Romans 15:6 ; 2 Corinthians 1:3 ; 2 Corinthians 11:31 ; Ephesians 1:3 ; Hebrews 1:5 ; 1 Peter 1:3 ; Revelation 1:6 ; (h) of God, as the "Father" of lights, i.e., the Source or Giver of whatsoever provides illumination, physical and spiritual, James 1:17 ; of mercies, 2 Corinthians 1:3 ; of glory, Ephesians 1:17 ; (i) of God, as Creator, Hebrews 12:9 (cp. Zechariah 12:1 ).

Note: Whereas the everlasting power and divinity of God are manifest in creation, His "Fatherhood" in spiritual relationship through faith is the subject of NT revelation, and waited for the presence on earth of the Son, Matthew 11:27 ; John 17:25 . The spiritual relationship is not universal, John 8:42, 44 (cp. John 1:12 ; Galatians 3:26 ).

B — 1: πατρῷος
(Strong's #3971 — Adjective — patroos — pat-ro'-os )

signifies "of one's fathers," or "received from one's fathers" (akin to A), Acts 22:3 ; Acts 24:14 ; Acts 28:17 . In the Sept. Proverbs 27:10 .

B — 2: πατρικός
(Strong's #3967 — Adjective — patrikos — pat-ree-kos' )

"from one's fathers, or ancestors," is said of that which is handed down from one's "forefathers," Galatians 1:14 .

B — 3: ἀπάτωρ
(Strong's #540 — Noun Masculine — apator — ap-at'-ore )

"without father" (a, negative, and pater), signifies, in Hebrews 7:3 , with no recorded genealogy.

B — 4: πατροπαράδοτος
(Strong's #3970 — Adjective — patroparadotos — pat-rop-ar-ad'-ot-os )

"handed down from one's fathers" (pater, and paradidomi, "to hand down"), is used in 1 Peter 1:18 .

Father-in-Law

1: πενθερός
(Strong's #3995 — Noun Masculine — pentheros — pen-ther-os' )

"a wife's father" (from a root signifying "a bond, union"), is found in John 18:13 .

Fatherless

1: ὀρφανός
(Strong's #3737 — Adjective — orphanos — or-fan-os' )

properly, "an orphan," is rendered "fatherless" in James 1:27 ; "desolate" in John 14:18 , for AV, "comfortless." See COMFORTLESS.

Fathom

1: ὀργυιά
(Strong's #3712 — Noun Feminine — orguia — org-wee-ah' )

akin to orego, "to stretch," is the length of the outstretched arms, about six feet, Acts 27:28 (twice).

Fatling, Fatted

1: σιτιστός
(Strong's #4619 — Adjective — sitistos — sit-is-tos' )

"fattened," lit., "fed with grain" (from siteuo, "to feed, to fatten"), is used as a neuter plural noun, "fatlings," in Matthew 22:4 . Cp. asitos, under FASTING.

2: σιτευτός
(Strong's #4618 — Adjective — siteutos — sit-yoo-tos' )

"fed" (with grain), denotes "fatted," Luke 15:23, 27, 30 .

Fatness

1: πιότης
(Strong's #4096 — Noun Feminine — piotes — pee-ot'-ace )

from pion, "fat," from a root, pi---, signifying "swelling," is used metaphorically in Romans 11:17 . The gentile believer had become a sharer in the spiritual life and blessing bestowed by Divine covenant upon Abraham and his descendants as set forth under the figure of "the root of (not 'and') the fatness of the olive tree."

Fault, Faultless

A — 1: αἴτιον
(Strong's #158 — Noun Neuter — aition — ah'ee-tee-on )

properly the neuter of aitios, causative of, responsible for, is used as a noun, "a crime, a legal ground for punishment," translated "fault" in Luke 23:4, 14 ; in Luke 23:22 , "cause." See AUTHOR , CAUSE.

Notes: (1) For aitia, rendered "fault" in John 18:38 ; John 19:4, 6 , AV (like aition, denoting "a ground for punishment"), see ACCUSATION , CAUSE , CHARGE. (2) For hettema, "a loss," translated "fault" in 1 Corinthians 6:7 , AV, see DEFECT (RV). (3) For paraptoma, "a false step, a trespass," translated "fault" in Galatians 6:1 , AV, and "faults" in James 5:16 , AV, see SIN , A, No. 2, Note (1), TRESPASS.

B — 1: ἄμεμπτος
(Strong's #273 — Adjective — amemptos — am'-emp-tos )

"without blame," is rendered "faultless," in Hebrews 8:7 . See BLAMELESS.

Note: For anomos, "without blemish," rendered "faultless," i.e., without any shortcoming, in Jude 1:24 , and "without fault" in Revelation 14:5 , AV, see BLEMISH.

C — 1: μέμφομαι
(Strong's #3201 — Verb — memphomai — mem'-fom-ahee )

"to blame," is translated "to find fault" in Romans 9:19 and Hebrews 8:8 . Some mss. have the verb in Mark 7:2 . See BLAME.

C — 2: ἐλέγχω
(Strong's #1651 — Verb — elencho — el-eng'-kho )

"to convict, reprove, rebuke," is translated "shew (him) his fault" in Matthew 18:15 . See CONVICT.

Note: In 1 Peter 2:20 , AV, the verb hamartano, "to sin" (strictly, to miss the mark) is rendered "for your faults." The RV corrects to "when ye sin (and are buffeted for it)."

Favor, Favored

A — 1: χάρις
(Strong's #5485 — Noun Feminine — charis — khar'-ece )

denotes (a) objectively, "grace in a person, graciousness," (b) subjectively, (1) "grace on the part of a giver, favor, kindness," (2) "a sense of favor received, thanks." It is rendered "favor" in Luke 1:30 ; Luke 2:52 ; Acts 2:47 ; Acts 7:10, 46 ; Acts 24:27 ; Acts 25:9 , RV (for AV, "pleasure"); Acts 25:3 ; see more fully under GRACE.

B — 1: χαριτόω
(Strong's #5487 — Verb — charitoo — khar-ee-to'-o )

akin to A, to endow with charis, primarily signified "to make graceful or gracious," and came to denote, in Hellenistic Greek, "to cause to find favor," Luke 1:28 , "highly favored" (marg., "endued with grace"); in Ephesians 1:6 , it is translated "made ... accepted," AV, "freely bestowed," RV (lit., "graced"); it does not here mean to endue with grace. Grace implies more than favor; grace is a free gift, favor may be deserved or gained.

Fear, Fearful, Fearfulness

A — 1: φόβος
(Strong's #5401 — Noun Masculine — phobos — fob'-os )

first had the meaning of "flight," that which is caused by being scared; then, "that which may cause flight," (a) "fear, dread, terror," always with this significance in the four Gospels; also e.g., in Acts 2:43 ; Acts 19:17 ; 1 Corinthians 2:3 ; 1 Timothy 5:20 (lit., "may have fear"); Hebrews 2:15 ; 1 John 4:18 ; Revelation 11:11 ; Revelation 18:10, 15 ; by metonymy, that which causes "fear," Romans 13:3 ; 1 Peter 3:14 , RV, "(their) fear," AV "(their) terror," an adaptation of the Sept. of Isaiah 8:12 , "fear not their fear;" hence some take it to mean, as there, "what they fear," but in view of Matthew 10:28 , e.g., it seems best to understand it as that which is caused by the intimidation of adversaries; (b) "reverential fear," (1) of God, as a controlling motive of the life, in matters spiritual and moral, not a mere "fear" of His power and righteous retribution, but a wholesome dread of displeasing Him, a "fear" which banishes the terror that shrinks from His presence, Romans 8:15 , and which influences the disposition and attitude of one whose circumstances are guided by trust in God, through the indwelling Spirit of God, Acts 9:31 ; Romans 3:18 ; 2 Corinthians 7:1 ; Ephesians 5:21 (RV, "the fear of Christ"); Philippians 2:12 ; 1 Peter 1:17 (a comprehensive phrase: the reverential "fear" of God will inspire a constant carefulness in dealing with others in His "fear"); 3:2,15; the association of "fear and trembling," as e.g., in Philippians 2:12 , has in the Sept. a much sterner import, e.g., Genesis 9:2 ; Exodus 15:16 ; Deuteronomy 2:25 ; Deuteronomy 11:25 ; Psalms 55:5 ; Isaiah 19:16 ; (2) of superiors, e.g., Romans 13:7 ; 1 Peter 2:18 . See TERROR.

A — 2: δειλία
(Strong's #1167 — Noun Feminine — deilia — di-lee'-ah )

"fearfulness" (from deos, "fright"), is rightly rendered "fearfulness" in 2 Timothy 1:7 , RV (for AV, "fear"). That spirit is not given us of God. The word denotes "cowardice and timidity" and is never used in a good sense, as No. 1 is. Cp. deilos, B, No. 2, below, and deiliao, to be fearful (AV, "afraid"), John 14:27 .

A — 3: εὐλάβεια
(Strong's #2124 — Noun Feminine — eulabeia — yoo-lab'-i-ah )

signifies, firstly, "caution;" then, "reverence, godly fear," Hebrews 5:7 ; Hebrews 12:28 , in best mss., "reverence;" in general, "apprehension, but especially holy fear," "that mingled fear and love which, combined, constitute the piety of man toward God; the OT places its emphasis on the fear, the NT ... on the love, though there was love in the fear of God's saints then, as there must be fear in their love now" (Trench, Syn, xlviii). In the Sept., Joshua 22:24 ; Proverbs 28:14 .

Note: In Luke 21:11 , phobetron (akin to No. 1) denotes a terror, RV, "terrors," for AV, "fearful sights," i.e., objects or instruments of terror.

B — 1: φοβερός
(Strong's #5398 — Adjective — phoberos — fob-er-os' )

"fearful" (akin to A, No. 1), is used only in the Active sense in the NT, i.e., causing "fear, terrible," Hebrews 10:27, 31 ; Hebrews 12:21 , RV, "fearful," for AV, "terrible."

B — 2: δειλός
(Strong's #1169 — Adjective — deilos — di-los' )

"cowardly" (see A, No. 2), "timid," is used in Matthew 8:26 ; Mark 4:40 ; Revelation 21:8 (here "the fearful" are first in the list of the transgressors).

B — 3: ἔκφοβος
(Strong's #1630 — Adjective — ekphobos — ek'-fob-os )

signifies "frightened outright" (ek, "out," intensive, and A, No. 1), Hebrews 12:21 (with eimi, "I am"), "I exceedingly fear" (see No. 4); Mark 9:6 , "sore afraid."

B — 4: ἔντρομος
(Strong's #1790 — Adjective — entromos — en'-trom-os )

"trembling with fear" (en, "in," intensive, and tremo, "to tremble, quake;" Eng., "tremor," etc.), is used with ginomai, "to become," in Acts 7:32 , "trembled;" Acts 16:29 , RV, "trembling for fear;" with eimi, "to be," in Hebrews 12:21 , "quake" (some mss. have ektromos here). See QUAKE , TREMBLE. The distinction between No. 3 and No. 4, as in Hebrews 12:21 , would seem to be that ekphobos stresses the intensity of the "fear," entromos the inward effect, "I inwardly tremble (or quake)."

C — 1: ἄφωνος
(Strong's #880 — Adjective — aphobos — af'-o-nos )

denotes "without fear" (a, negative, and A, No. 1), and is said of serving the Lord, Luke 1:74 ; of being among the Lord's people as His servant, 1 Corinthians 16:10 ; of ministering the Word of God, Philippians 1:14 ; of the evil of false spiritual shepherds, Jude 1:12 . In the Sept., Proverbs 1:33 .

D — 1: φοβέω
(Strong's #5399 — Verb — phobeo — fob-eh'-o )

in earlier Greek, "to put to flight" (see A, No. 1), in the NT is always in the Passive Voice, with the meanings either (a) "to fear, be afraid," its most frequent use, e.g., Acts 23:10 , according to the best mss. (see No. 2); or (b) "to show reverential fear" [see A, No. 1, (b)], (1) of men, Mark 6:20 ; Ephesians 5:33 , RV, "fear," for AV, "reverence;" (2) of God, e.g., Acts 10:2, 22 ; Acts 13:16, 26 ; Colossians 3:22 (RV, "the Lord"); 1 Peter 2:17 ; Revelation 14:7 ; Revelation 15:4 ; Revelation 19:5 ; (a) and (b) are combined in Luke 12:4, 5 , where Christ warns His followers not to be afraid of men, but to "fear" God. See MARVEL , B, No. 1, Note.

D — 2: εὐλαβέομαι
(Strong's #2125 — Verb — eulabeomai — yoo-lab-eh'-om-ahee )

"to be cautious, to beware" (see A, No. 3), signifies to act with the reverence produced by holy "fear," Hebrews 11:7 , "moved with godly fear."

Notes: (1) In Acts 23:10 some mss. have this verb with the meaning (a) under No. 1.

(2) In Luke 3:14 , diaseio, "to shake violently, to intimidate, to extort by violence, blackmail," is rendered "put no man in fear" in AV marg. See VIOLENCE.

Feast

A — 1: ἑορτή
(Strong's #1859 — Noun Feminine — heorte — heh-or-tay' )

"a feast of festival," is used (a) especially of those of the Jews, and particularly of the Passover; the word is found mostly in John's Gospel (seventeen times); apart from the Gospels it is used in this way only in Acts 18:21 ; (b) in a more general way, in Colossians 2:16 , AV, "holy day," RV, "a feast day."

A — 2: δεῖπνον
(Strong's #1173 — Noun Neuter — deipnon — dipe'-non )

denotes (a) "the chief meal of the day," dinner or supper, taken at or towards evening; in the plural "feasts," Matthew 23:6 ; Mark 6:21 ; Mark 12:39 ; Luke 20:46 ; otherwise translated "supper," Luke 14:12, 16, 17, 24 ; John 12:2 ; John 13:2, 4 ; John 21:20 ; 1 Corinthians 11:21 (of a social meal); (b) "the Lord's Supper," 1 Corinthians 11:20 ; (c) "the supper or feast" which will celebrate the marriage of Christ with His spirtual Bride, at the inauguration of His Kingdom, Revelation 19:9 ; (d) figuratively, of that to which the birds of prey will be summoned after the overthrow of the enemies of the Lord at the termination of the war of Armageddon, Revelation 19:17 (cp. Ezekiel 39:4, 17-20 ). See SUPPER.

A — 3: δοχή
(Strong's #1403 — Noun Feminine — doche — dokh-ay' )

"a reception feast, a banquet" (from dechomai, "to receive"), Luke 5:29 ; Luke 14:13 (not the same as No. 2; see ver. 12).

A — 4: γάμος
(Strong's #1062 — Noun Masculine — gamos — gam'-os )

"a wedding," especially a wedding "feast" (akin to gameo, "to marry"); it is used in the plural in the following passages (the RV rightly has "marriage feast" for the AV, "marriage," or "wedding"), Matthew 22:2, 3, 4, 9 (in verses Matthew 22:11, 12 , it is used in the singular, in connection with the wedding garment); 25:10; Luke 12:36 ; Luke 14:8 ; in the following it signifies a wedding itself, John 2:1, 2 ; Hebrews 13:4 ; and figuratively in Revelation 19:7 , of the marriage of the Lamb; in Revelation 19:9 it is used in connection with the supper, the wedding supper (or what in English is termed "breakfast"), not the wedding itself, as in ver. 7.

A — 5: ἀγάπη
(Strong's #26 — Noun Feminine — agape — ag-ah'-pay )

"love," is used in the plural in Jude 1:12 , signifying "love feasts," RV (AV, "feasts of charity"); in the corresponding passage, 2 Peter 2:13 , the most authentic mss. have the word apate, in the plural, "deceivings."

Notes: (1) In 1 Corinthians 10:27 the verb kaleo, "to call," in the sense of inviting to one's house, is translated "biddeth you (to a feast);" in the most authentic texts there is no separate phrase representing "to a feast," as in some mss., eis deipnon (No. 2). (2) In Mark 14:2 ; John 2:23 the AV translates heorte (see No. 1) by "feast day" (RV, "feast"). (3) For the "Feast of the Dedication," John 10:22 , see DEDICATION.

B — 1: ἑορτάζω
(Strong's #1858 — Verb — heortazo — heh-or-tad'-zo )

"to keep festival" (akin to A, No. 1) is translated "let us keep the feast," in 1 Corinthians 5:8 . This is not the Lord's Supper, nor the Passover, but has reference to the continuous life of the believer as a festival or holy-day (see AV, margin), in freedom from "the leaven of malice and wickedness, but with the unleavened bread of sincerity and truth."

B — 2: συνευωχέομαι
(Strong's #4910 — Verb — suneuocheo — soon-yoo-o-kheh'-o )

"to entertain sumptuously with," is used in the Passive Voice, denoting "to feast sumptuously with" (sun, "together," and euochia, "good cheer"), "to revel with," translated "feast with" in 2 Peter 2:13 ; Jude 1:12 .

Feeble

1: ἀσθενής
(Strong's #772 — Adjective — asthenes — as-then-ace' )

"without strength" (a, negative, and sthenos, "strength"), is translated "feeble" in 1 Corinthians 12:22 , of members of the body. See IMPOTENT , SICK , STRENGTH , B, Note (5), WEAK.

Notes: (1) In Hebrews 12:12 paraluo, "to weaken, enfeeble," in the Passive Voice, "to be enfeeble," as by a paralytic stroke, is translated "feeble" in the AV (RV, "palsied"). (2) For "feeble-minded" in 1 Thessalonians 5:14 , AV, see FAINT-HEARTED.

Feed, Fed

1: βόσκω
(Strong's #1006 — Verb — bosko — bos'-ko )

"to feed," is primarily used of a herdsman (from boo, "to nourish," the special function being to provide food; the root is bo---, found in boter, "a herdsman or herd," and botane, "fodder, pasture"); its uses are (a) literal, Matthew 8:30 ; in Matthew 8:33 , the RV corrects the AV, "they that kept," to "they that fed," as in Mark 5:14 (AV and RV); Luke 8:34 ; in Mark 5:11 ; Luke 8:32 , "feeding;" Luke 15:15 ; (b) metaphorical, of spiritual ministry, John 21:15, 17 (see Note on No. 2). See KEEP.

2: ποιμαίνω
(Strong's #4165 — Verb — poimaino — poy-mah'ee-no )

"to act as a shepherd" (from poimen, "a shepherd"), is used (a) literally, Luke 17:7 , RV, "keeping sheep," for AV, "feeding cattle;" 1 Corinthians 9:7 ; (b) metaphorically, "to tend, to shepherd;" said of Christ, Matthew 2:6 , RV, "shall be Shepherd of" (for AV, "shall rule"); of those who act as spiritual shepherds under Him, John 21:16 , RV, "tend" (for AV "feed"); so 1 Peter 5:2 ; Acts 20:28 , "to feed" ("to tend" would have been a consistent rendering; a shepherd does not only "feed" his flock); of base shepherds, Jude 1:12 . See RULE.

Note: In John 21:15, 16, 17 , the Lord, addressing Peter, first uses No. 1, bosko (ver. 15), then No. 2, poimaino (ver. 16), and then returns to bosko (ver. 17). These are not simply interchangeable (nor are other variations in His remarks); a study of the above notes will show this. Nor, again, is there a progression of ideas. The lesson to be learnt, as Trench points out (Syn, xxv), is that, in the spiritual care of God's children, the "feeding" of the flock from the Word of God is the constant and regular necessity; it is to have the foremost place. The tending (which includes this) consists of other acts, of discipline, authority, restoration, material assistance of individuals, but they are cidental in comparison with the "feeding."

3: τρέφω
(Strong's #5142 — verb — trepho — tref'-o )

signifies (a) "to make to grow, bring up, rear," Luke 4:16 , "brought up;" (b) "to nourish, feed," Matthew 6:26 ; Matthew 25:37 ; Luke 12:24 ; Acts 12:20 ; Revelation 12:6, 14 ; of a mother, "to give suck," Luke 23:29 (some mss. here have thelazo, "to suckle"); "to fatten," as of fattening animals, James 5:5 , "ye have nourished (your hearts)." See BRING , A, No. 33.

4: χορτάζω
(Strong's #5526 — Verb — chortazo — khor-tad'-zo )

"to feed, to fatten," is used (a) primarily of animals, Revelation 19:21 ; (b) of persons, to fill or satisfy with food. It is usually translated by the verb "to fill," but is once rendered "to be fed," in Luke 16:21 , of Lazarus, in his desire for the crumbs (he could be well supplied with them) that fell from the rich man's table, a fact which throws light upon the utter waste that went on at the table of the latter. The crumbs that fell would provide no small meal. See FILL SATISFY.

5: ψωμίζω
(Strong's #5595 — Verb — psomizo — pso-mid'-zo )

primarily denotes "to feed with morsels," as nurses do children; then, "to dole out or supply with food," Romans 12:20 ; 1 Corinthians 13:3 . Cp. psomion, "a fragment, morsel," John 13:26, 27, 30 ("sop").

6: ποτίζω
(Strong's #4222 — Verb — potizo — pot-id'-zo )

to give to drink, is translated "I fed (you with milk)" in 1 Corinthians 3:2 . See DRINK , WATER.

Feel, Feeling, Felt

1: γινώσκω
(Strong's #1097 — Verb — ginosko — ghin-oce'-ko )

"to know, perceive," is translated "she felt (in her body)," of the woman with the issue of blood, Mark 5:29 , i.e., she became aware of the fact, See KNOW.

2: φρονέω
(Strong's #5426 — Verb — phroneo — fron-eh'-o )

"to think, to be minded," is translated "I felt" in the RV of 1 Corinthians 13:11 (for AV, "I understood"). See CAREFUL.

3: ψηλαφάω
(Strong's #5584 — Verb — pselaphao — psay-laf-ah'-o )

"to feel or grope about" (from psao, "to touch"), expressing the motion of the hands over a surface, so as to "feel" it, is used (a) metaphorically, of seeking after God, Acts 17:27 ; (b) literally, of physical handling or touching Luke 24:39 ; with 1 John 1:1 ; Hebrews 12:18 . See HANDLE , TOUCH.

4: συμπαθέω
(Strong's #4834 — Verb — sumpatheo — soom-path-eh'-o )

"to have a fellow-feeling for or with," is rendered "touched with the feeling of" in Hebrews 4:15 ; "have compassion" in Hebrews 10:34 . See COMPASSION.

5: ἀπαλγέω
(Strong's #524 — Verb — apalgeo — ap-alg-eh'-o )

signifies "to cease to feel pain for" (apo, "from," algeo, "to feel pain;" cp. Eng., "neuralgia"); hence, to be callous, "past feeling," insensible to honor and shame, Ephesians 4:19 .

Note: In Acts 28:5 pascho, "to suffer," is rendered "felt (no harm)," RV, "took," lit., "suffered no ill (effect)."

Feet

* For FEET see FOOT

Feign, Feigned

A — 1: ὑποκρίνομαι
(Strong's #5271 — Verb — hupokrinomai — hoop-ok-rin'-om-ahee )

primarily denotes "to answer;" then, "to answer on the stage, play a part," and so, metaphorically, "to feign, pretend," Luke 20:20 . Cp. hupokrites, "a hypocrite," and hupokrisis, "hypocrisy."

B — 1: πλαστός
(Strong's #4112 — Adjective — plastos — plas-tos' )

primarily denotes "formed, molded" (from plasso, to mold; Eng., "plastic"); then, metaphorically, "made up, fabricated, feigned," 2 Peter 2:3 . Cp. plasma, "that which is molded," Romans 9:20 .

Fell

* For FELL see FALL

Fellow

1: ἀνήρ
(Strong's #435 — Noun Masculine — aner — an'-ayr )

denotes "a man," in relation to his sex or age; in Acts 17:5 (plural) it is rendered "fellows," as more appropriate to the accompanying description of them. See HUSBAND , MAN , SIR.

2: ἑταῖρος
(Strong's #2083 — Noun Masculine — hetairos — het-ah'ee-ros )

"a companion, comrade," is translated "fellows" in Matthew 11:16 [where, however, the most authentic mss. have heterois, "(the) others"]. The word is used only by Matthew and is translated "friend" in Matthew 20:13 ; Matthew 22:12 ; Matthew 26:50 . See FRIEND.

3: μέτοχος
(Strong's #3353 — Adjective — metochos — met'-okh-os )

properly an adjective signifying "sharing in, partaking of," is translated "partners" in Luke 5:7 ; "partakers" in Hebrews 3:1, 14 ; Hebrews 6:4 ; Hebrews 12:8 ; "fellows" in Hebrews 1:9 , of those who share in a heavenly calling, or have held, or will hold, a regal position in relation to the earthly, messianic kingdom. (Cp. summetochos, "fellow-partakers," in Ephesians 3:6 , RV). See PARTAKER , PARTNER.

Notes: (1) In Acts 24:5 loimos, "a plague, a pest," is rendered "a pestilent fellow." This is a sample of the strongest use of the epithet "fellow." (2) Toioutos, an adjective, "such a one," is often used as a noun, e.g., Acts 22:22 , where it is translated "such a fellow." (3) Houtos, "this," is translated "this fellow" in the AV of Luke 23:2 (RV, "this man"). So in John 9:29 . Both versions have "this man," e.g., in Mark 2:7 ; John 6:52 , in the same contemptuous sense. (4) For the word in combination with various nouns see CITIZEN , DISCIPLE , ELDER , HEIR , HELPER , LABORER , MEMBER , PARTNER , PRISONER , SERVANT , SOLDIER , WORK , WORKER.

Fellowship

A — 1: κοινωνία
(Strong's #2842 — Noun Feminine — koinonia — koy-nohn-ee'-ah )

(a) "communion, fellowship, sharing in common" (from koinos, "common"), is translated "communion" in 1 Corinthians 10:16 ; Philemon 1:6 , RV, "fellowship," for AV, "communication;" it is most frequently translated "fellowship;" (b) "that which is the outcome of fellowship, a contribution," e.g., Romans 15:26 ; 2 Corinthians 8:4 . See COMMUNION , CONTRIBUTION , etc.

Note: In Ephesians 3:9 , some mss. have koinonia, instead of oikonomia, "dispensation," RV.

A — 2: μετοχή
(Strong's #3352 — Noun Feminine — metoche — met-okh-ay' )

"partnership" (akin to No. 3, under FELLOW), is translated "fellowship" in 2 Corinthians 6:14 . In the Sept., Psalms 122:3 , "Jerusalem is built as a city whose fellowship is complete." The word seems to have a more restricted sense than koinonia. Cp. the verb form in Hebrews 2:14 .

A — 3: κοινωνός
(Strong's #2844 — Noun Masculine — koinonos — koy-no-nos' )

denotes "a partaker" or "partner" (akin to No. 1); in 1 Corinthians 10:20 it is used with ginomai, "to become," "that ye should have communion with," RV (AV, "fellowship with"). See COMPANION , PARTAKER , PARTNER.

B — 1: κοινωνέω
(Strong's #2841 — Verb — koinoneo — koy-no-neh'-o )

"to have fellowship," is so translated in Philippians 4:15 , RV, for AV, "did communicate." See COMMUNICATE.

B — 2: συγκοινωνέω
(Strong's #4790 — Verb — sunkoinoneo — soong-koy-no-neh'-o )

"to have fellowship with or in" (sun, "with," and No. 1), is used in Ephesians 5:11 ; Philippians 4:14 , RV, "ye had fellowship," for AV, "ye did communicate;" Revelation 18:4 , RV, "have (no) fellowship with," for AV, "be (not) partakers of." See COMMUNICATE , PARTAKER.

Felt

* For FELT see FEEL

Female

1: θῆλυς
(Strong's #2338 — Adjective — thelus — thay'-loos )

an adjective (from thele, "a breast"), is used in the form thelu (grammatically neuter) as a noun, "female," in Matthew 19:4 ; Mark 10:6 ; Galatians 3:28 ; in the feminine form theleia, in Romans 1:26 , "women;" Romans 1:27 "woman." See WOMAN.

Fervent, Fervently

A — 1: ἐκτενής
(Strong's #1618 — Adjective — ektenes — ek-ten-ace' )

denotes "strained, stretched" (ek, "out," teino, "to stretch"); hence, metaphorically, "fervent," 1 Peter 4:8 . Some mss. have it in Acts 12:5 , for the adverb (see B). Cp. ekteneia (with en), "intently, strenuously," in Acts 26:7 , AV, "instantly," RV, "earnestly." Cp. EARNEST.

B — 1: ἐκτενῶς
(Strong's #1619 — Adverb — ektenos — ek-ten-oce' )

"fervently" (akin to A), is said of love, in 1 Peter 1:22 ; of prayer, in some mss. Acts 12:5 (see under A); for the comparative degree in Luke 22:44 , see EARNESTLY.

C — 1: ζέω
(Strong's #2204 — Verb — zeo — dzeh'-o )

"to be hot, to boil" (Eng. "zeal" is akin), is metaphorically used of "fervency" of spirit, Acts 18:25 ; Romans 12:11 .

Notes: (1) In Colossians 4:12 , the verb agonizomai, "to strive," is translated "laboring fervently," AV (RV, "striving"). (2) In 2 Corinthians 7:7 , the noun zelos, "zeal" (akin to C.), is translated "fervent mind," AV (RV, "zeal"). (3) In James 5:17 , "he prayed fervently" (AV, "earnestly") translates the noun proseuche, followed by the corresponding verb, lit., "he prayed with prayer." In James 5:16 deesis, "supplication," is so translated in the RV, for the AV, "effectual fervent prayer." There is nothing in the original corresponding to the word "effectual." The phrase, including the verb energeomai, "to work in," is, lit., "the inworking supplication," suggesting a supplication consistent with inward conformity to the mind of God. (4) For "fervent heat" see HEAT , B.

Fetch

1: μεταπέμπω
(Strong's #3343 — Verb — metapempo — met-ap-emp'-o )

"to send after of for" (meta, "after," pemp, "to send"), in the Middle Voice, is translated "fetch" in the RV of Acts 10:5 ; Acts 11:13 . See CALL.

Notes: (1) In Acts 16:37 , the RV gives to exago, "to bring out," the adequate meaning "let them ... bring us out," for the AV, "let them fetch us out." "Fetch" is not sufficiently dignified for the just demand made. (2) For Acts 28:13 , AV, "fetched a compass," see CIRCUIT.

Fetter

1: πέδη
(Strong's #3976 — Noun Feminine — pede — ped'-ay )

"a fetter" (akin to peza, "the instep," and pous, "a foot;" cp. Eng. prefix ped---), occurs in Mark 5:4 ; Luke 8:29 . Cp. FOOT.

Fever

A — 1: πυρετός
(Strong's #4446 — Noun Masculine — puretos — poo-ret-os' )

"feverish heat" (from pur, "fire"), hence, "a fever," occurs in Matthew 8:15 ; Mark 1:31 ; John 4:52 ; Acts 28:8 ; in Luke 4:38 , with megas, "great, a high fever;" ver. 39. Luke, as a physician, uses the medical distinction by which the ancients classified fevers into great and little. In the Sept., Deuteronomy 28:22 .

B — 1: πυρέσσω
(Strong's #4445 — Verb — puresso — poo-res'-so )

signifies "to be ill of a fever" (akin to A), Matthew 8:14 ; Mark 1:30 .

Few

A — 1: ὀλίγος
(Strong's #3641 — Adjective — oligos — ol-ee'-gos )

used of number quantity, and size, denotes "few, little, small, slight," e.g., Matthew 7:14 ; Matthew 9:37 ; Matthew 15:34 ; Matthew 20:16 ; neuter plural, "a few things," Matthew 25:21, 23 ; Revelation 2:14 (20 in some mss.); in Ephesians 3:3 , the phrase en oligo, in brief, is translated "in a few words."

A — 2: βραχύς
(Strong's #1024 — Adjective — brachus — brakh-ooce' )

denotes (a) "short," in regard to time, e.g., Hebrews 2:7 ; or distance, Acts 27:28 ; (b) "few," in regard to quantity, Hebrews 13:22 , in the phrase dia bracheon, lit., "by means of few," i.e., "in few words." See LITTLE.

Note: In Luke 10:42 , in the Lord's words to Martha, many ancient authorities provide the rendering, "but there is need of few things (neuter plural) or one."

B — 1: συντόμως
(Strong's #4935 — Adverb — suntomos — soon-tom'-oce )

"concisely, briefly, cut short" (from suntemno, "to cut in pieces," sun, used intensively, temno, "to cut"), occurs in the speech of Tertullus, Acts 24:4 .

Fickleness

1: ἐλαφρία
(Strong's #1644 — Noun Feminine — elaphria — el-af-ree'-ah )

denotes lightness, levity, "fickleness," 2 Corinthians 1:17 , RV (for AV, "lightness"). The corresponding adjective is elaphros, "light," Matthew 11:30 ; 2 Corinthians 4:17 .

Fidelity

1: πίστις
(Strong's #4102 — Noun Feminine — pistis — pis'-tis )

"faith, faithfulness," is translated "fidelity" in Titus 2:10 . See FAITH (b).

Field, Cornfield

1: ἀγρός
(Strong's #68 — Noun Masculine — agros — ag-ros' )

"a cultivated field," or "fields in the aggregate," e.g., Matthew 6:28 ; Mark 11:8 (some mss. here have dendron, "trees"); Luke 15:15 . See FARM.

2: χώρα
(Strong's #5561 — Noun Feminine — chora — kho'-rah )

"a space, place," then, (b) "land, country, region," is translated "fields" in John 4:35 ; James 5:4 . See COUNTRY.

3: χωρίον
(Strong's #5564 — Noun Neuter — chorion — kho-ree'-on )

a diminutive of No. 2, denotes (a) "a place, region," (b) "a piece of land, property," rendered "field" in Acts 1:18, 19 . See LAND , PARCEL , PLACE , POSSESSION.

4: σπόριμος
(Strong's #4702 — Adjective — sporimos — spor'-ee-mos )

signifies "fit for sowing" (from sperio, "to sow"), and denotes "a cornfield," Matthew 12:1 ; Mark 2:23 ; Luke 6:1 . In the Sept., Genesis 1:29 ; Leviticus 11:37 .

Fierce, Fierceness

A — 1: ἀνήμερος
(Strong's #434 — Adjective — anemeros — an-ay'-mer-os )

signifies "not tame, savage" (from a, negative, and hemeros, "gentle"), 2 Timothy 3:3 . Epictetus describes those who forget God as their Creator, as resembling lions, "wild, savage and fierce" (anemeroi) (Moulton and Milligan, Greek Test. Vocab.).

A — 2: χαλεπός
(Strong's #5467 — Adjective — chalepos — khal-ep-os' )

"hard," (a) "hard to do or deal with, difficult, fierce," is said of the Gadarene demoniacs, Matthew 8:28 ; (b) "hard to bear, painful, grievous," said of the last times, 2 Timothy 3:1 , RV, "grievous," for AV, "perilous." See GRIEVOUS.

Notes: (1) In James 3:4 skleros, "hard, rough, violent," is said of winds, RV, "rough," for AV, "fierce." (2) In Luke 23:5 , the verb epischuo, "to make or grow stronger" (from epi, "over" intensive, and ischus, "strength"), is used metaphorically, "they were the more urgent," RV, for AV, "the more fierce."

B — 1: θυμός
(Strong's #2372 — Noun Masculine — thumos — thoo-mos' )

"hot anger, wrath," is rendered "fierceness" in Revelation 16:19 ; Revelation 19:15 , of the wrath of God. See ANGER (A, Notes), INDIGNATION , WRATH.

B — 2: ζῆλος
(Strong's #2205 — Noun — zelos — dzay'-los )

"zeal, jealousy," is rendered "fierceness" in Hebrews 10:27 , RV (of fire).

Fiery

1: πυρόω
(Strong's #4448 — Verb — puroo — poo-ro'-o )

"to set on fire, burn up" (from pur, "fire"), always used in the Passive Voice in the NT, is translated "fiery" in Ephesians 6:16 , metaphorically of the darts of the evil one; "fire-tipped" would perhaps bring out the verbal force of the word. The most ancient mss. have the article repeated, lit., "the darts of the evil one, the fiery (darts)," marking them as particularly destructive. Some mss. omit the repeated article. In ancient times, darts were often covered with burning material. See BURN , FIRE , TRY , Note (1).

Notes: (1) For Hebrews 10:27 , RV, see FIRE (cp. FIERCE, B, No. 2). (2) For purosis, "a fiery trial," 1 Peter 4:12 , (lit., "a burning," as in Revelation 18:9, 18 ), "a refining, or trial by fire," see TRIAL.

Fifteen, Fifteenth

1: δεκαπέντε
(Strong's #1178 — Noun — dekapente — dek-ap-en'-teh )

lit., "ten-five," occurs in John 11:18 ; Acts 27:28 ; Galatians 1:18 .

Notes: (1) In Acts 7:14 , "threescore and fifteen" translates a different numeral, lit., "seventy-five." This refers to all Joseph's kindred whom he sent for. There is no discrepancy between this and Genesis 46:26 . The Sept. translations give the number as 75 in Genesis 46:27 and in Exodus 1:5 , and this Stephen follows, being a Grecian Jew. (2) The corresponding ordinal numeral pentekaidekatos, "fifteenth" (lit., "five and tenth") is found In Luke 3:1 , where Luke dates the reign of Tiberias from the period of his joint rule with Augustus.

Fifth

1: πέμπτος
(Strong's #3991 — Adjective — pemptos — pemp'-tos )

akin to pente, "five," is found only in the Apocalypse, 6:9; 9:1; 16:10; 21:20.

Fifty

1: πεντήκοντα
(Strong's #4004 — Adjective — pentekonta — pen-tay'-kon-tah )

is found in Luke 7:41 ; Luke 16:6 ; John 8:57 ; John 21:11 ; Acts 13:20 ; in Mark 6:40 with kata (in the most authentic mss.), according to, "by fifties;" in Luke 9:14 , with ana, "up," used distributively, "fifty each," RV (Luke adds hosei, "about").

Fig

1: σῦκον
(Strong's #4810 — Noun Neuter — sukon — soo'-kon )

denotes "the ripe fruit of a suke, a fig-tree" (see below; cp. No. 2), Matthew 7:16 ; Mark 11:13 ; Luke 6:44 ; James 3:12 .

2: ὄλυνθος
(Strong's #3653 — Noun Masculine — olunthos — ol'-oon-thos )

denotes "an unripe fig," which grows in winter and usually falls off in the spring, Revelation 6:13 . In the Sept., Song of Sol., 2:13.

Fig Tree

1: συκῆ
(Strong's #4808 — Noun Feminine — suke or sukea — soo-kay' )

"a fig tree," is found in Matthew 21:19, 20, 21 ; Matthew 24:32 ; Mark 11:13, 20, 21 ; Mark 13:28 ; Luke 13:6, 7 ; Luke 21:29 ; John 1:48, 50 ; James 3:12 ; Revelation 6:13 (see sukon, above).

Note: A "fig tree" with leaves must have young fruits already, or it will be barren for the season. The first figs ripen in late May or early June. The tree in Mark 11:13 should have had fruit, unripe indeed, but existing. In some lands "fig trees" bear the early fruit under the leaves and the later fruit above the leaves. In that case the leaves were a sign that there should have been fruit, unseen from a distance, underneath the leaves. The condemnation of this fig tree lay in the absence of any sign of fruit.

Fight

A — 1: ἀγών
(Strong's #73 — Noun Masculine — agon — ag-one' )

akin to ago, "to lead," primarily "a gathering," then, "a place of assembly," and hence, "a contest, conflict," is translated "fight" in 1 Timothy 6:12 ; 2 Timothy 4:7 . See CONFLICT.

A — 2: ἄθλησις
(Strong's #119 — Noun Feminine — athlesis — ath'-lay-sis )

is translated "fight" in Hebrews 10:32 , AV. See CONFLICT.

Note: In Hebrews 11:34 , polemos, "war," is translated "fight," AV (RV, "war"); it is misrendered "battle" in the AV of 1 Corinthians 14:8 ; Revelation 9:7, 9 ; Revelation 16:14 ; Revelation 20:8 .

B — 1: ἀγωνίζομαι
(Strong's #75 — Verb — agonizomai — ag-o-nid'-zom-ahee )

from A, No. 1, denotes (a) "to contend" in the public games, 1 Corinthians 9:25 ("striveth in the games," RV); (b) "to fight, engage in conflict," John 18:36 ; (c) metaphorically, "to contend" perseveringly against opposition and temptation, 1 Timothy 6:12 ; 2 Timothy 4:7 (cp. A, No. 1; in regard to the meaning there, the evidence of Koine inscriptions is against the idea of games-contests); to strive as in a contest for a prize, straining every nerve to attain to the object, Luke 13:24 ; to put forth every effort, involving toil, Colossians 1:29 ; 1 Timothy 4:10 (some mss. have oneidizomai here, "to suffer reproach"); to wrestle earnestly in prayer, Colossians 4:12 (cp. sunagonizomai, Romans 15:30 ). See LABOR , STRIVE.

B — 2: πυκτεύω
(Strong's #4438 — Verb — pukteuo — pook-teh'-o )

"to box" (from puktes, "a pugilist"), one of the events in the Olympic games, is translated "fight" in 1 Corinthians 9:26 .

B — 3: μάχομαι
(Strong's #3164 — Verb — machomai — makh'-om-ahee )

"to fight," is so rendered in James 4:2 (cp. "fightings," ver. 1, see below), and translated "strive" in 2 Timothy 2:24 ; "strove" in John 6:52 ; Acts 7:26 , See STRIVE.

B — 4: θηριομαχέω
(Strong's #2341 — Verb — theriomacheo — thay-ree-om-akh-eh'-o )

signifies "to fight with wild beasts" (therion, "a beast," and No. 3), 1 Corinthians 15:32 . Some think that the Apostle was condemned to fight with wild beasts; if so, he would scarcely have omitted it from 2 Corinthians 11:23-33 . Moreover, he would have lost his status as a Roman citizen. Probably he uses the word figuratively of contending with ferocious men. Ignatius so uses it in his Ep. to the Romans.

Notes: (1) In Revelation 2:16 ; Revelation 12:7 , AV, polemeo, "to war," is translated "to fight," RV, "will make war," "going forth to war," and "warred." (2) In Acts 23:9 some mss. have the verb theomacheo, "to fight against God." Cp. the corresponding adjective, below, under FIGHTING.

Fighting

A — 1: μάχη
(Strong's #3163 — Noun Feminine — mache — makh'-ay )

"a fight, strife" (akin to B, No. 3, under FIGHT), is always used in the plural in the NT, and translated "fightings" in 2 Corinthians 7:5 ; James 4:1 ; Titus 3:9 , RV (for AV, "strivings"); "strifes in 2 Timothy 2:23 . See STRIFE.

B — 1: θεομάχος
(Strong's #2314 — Adjective — theomachos — theh-om'-akh-os )

"fighting against God" (theos, "God," and A, occurs in Acts 5:39 (AV, "to fight"), lit., "God-fighters."

Figure

1: τύπος
(Strong's #5179 — Noun Masculine — tupos — too'-pos )

"a type, figure, pattern," is translated "figures" (i.e., representations of gods) in Acts 7:43 ; in the RV of ver. 44 (for AV, "fashion") and in Romans 5:14 , of Adam as a "figure" of Christ. See ENSAMPLE.

2: ἀντίτυπος
(Strong's #499 — Adjective — antitupos — an-teet'-oo-pon )

an adjective, used as a noun, denotes, lit., "a striking back;" metaphorically, "resisting, adverse;" then, in a Passive sense, "struck back;" in the NT metaphorically, "corresponding to," (a) a copy of an archetype (anti, "corresponding to, and No. 1), i.e., the event or person or circumstance corresponding to the type, Hebrews 9:24 , RV, "like in pattern" (AV, "the figure of"), of the tabernacle, which, with its structure and appurtenances, was a pattern of that "holy place," "Heaven itself," "the true," into which Christ entered, "to appear before the face of God for us." The earthly tabernacle anticipatively represented what is now made good in Christ; it was a "figure" or "parable" (Hebrews 9:9 ), "for the time now present," RV, i.e., pointing to the present time, not "then present," AV (see below); (b) "a corresponding type," 1 Peter 3:21 , said of baptism; the circumstances of the flood, the ark and its occupants, formed a type, and baptism forms "a corresponding type" (not an antitype), each setting forth the spiritual realities of the death, burial, and resurrection of believers in their identification with Christ. It is not a case of type and antitype, but of two types, that in Genesis, the type, and baptism, the corresponding type.

3: παραβολή
(Strong's #3850 — Noun Feminine — parabole — par-ab-ol-ay' )

"a casting or placing side by side" (para, "beside," ballo, "to throw") with a view to comparison or resemblance, a parable, is translated "figure" in the AV of Hebrews 9:9 (RV, "a parable for the time now present") and Hebrews 11:19 , where the return of Isaac was (parabolically, in the lit. sense of the term) figurative of resurrection (RV, "parable"). See No. 2 (a). See PARABLE.

Notes: (1) The synonymous noun hupotuposis, "an example, pattern," 1 Timothy 1:16 ; 2 Timothy 1:13 , denotes simply a delineation or outline. (2) For metaschematizo, rendered "I have in a figure transferred" in 1 Corinthians 4:6 , where the fact stated is designed to change its application, i.e., from Paul and Apollos to circumstances in Corinth, see FASHION.

Fill, Fill Up

A — 1: πληρόω
(Strong's #4137 — Verb — pleroo — play-ro'-o )

denotes (I) "to make full, to fill to the full;" in the Passive Voice, "to be filled, made full;" it is used (1) of things: a net, Matthew 13:48 ; a building, John 12:3 ; Acts 2:2 ; a city, Acts 5:28 ; needs, Philippians 4:19 , AV, "supply," RV, "fulfill;" metaphorically, of valleys, Luke 3:5 ; figuratively, of a measure of iniquity, Matthew 23:32 ; (2) of persons: (a) of the members of the church, the body of Christ, as filled by Him, Ephesians 1:23 ("all things in all the members"); 4:10; in Ephesians 3:19 , of their being filled "into" (eis), RV, "unto," AV, "with" (all the fullness of God); of their being "made full" in Him, Colossians 2:10 (RV, for AV, "complete"); (b) of Christ Himself: with wisdom, in the days of His flesh, Luke 2:40 ; with joy, in His return to the Father, Acts 2:28 ; (c) of believers: with the Spirit, Ephesians 5:18 ; with joy, Acts 13:52 ; 2 Timothy 1:4 ; with joy and peace, Romans 15:13 ; [from these are to be distinguished those passages which speak of joy as being fulfilled or completed, which come under FULFILL, John 3:29 ; John 15:11 (RV); 16:24 (RV); Philippians 2:2 ; 1 John 1:4 (RV); 2 John 1:12 (RV)]; with knowledge, Romans 15:14 ; with comfort, 2 Corinthians 7:4 ; with the fruits of righteousness, Philippians 1:11 (Gk. "fruit"); with the knowledge of God's will, Colossians 1:9 ; with abundance through material supplies by fellow believers, Philippians 4:18 ; (d) of the hearts of believers as the seat of emotion and volition, John 16:6 (sorrow) Acts 5:3 (deceitfulness); (e) of the unregenerate who refuse recognition of God, Romans 1:29 ; (II) "to accomplish, complete, fulfill." See ACCOMPLISH , FULFILL.

A — 2: ἀναπληρόω
(Strong's #378 — Verb — anapleroo — an-ap-lay-ro'-o )

"to fill up adequately, completely" (ana, "up," and No. 1), is twice translated by the verbs "to fill, to fill up," in 1 Corinthians 14:16 , RV (for AV, "occupieth"), of a believer as a member of an assembly, who "fills" the position or condition (not one who "fills" it by assuming it) of being unable to understand the language of him who had the gift of tongues; in 1 Thessalonians 2:16 , "to fill up their sins," of the Jews who persisted in their course of antagonism and unbelief. See FULFILL.

A — 3: ἀνταναπληρόω
(Strong's #466 — Verb — antanapleroo — an-tan-ap-lay-ro'-o )

"to fill up in turn (or on one's part;" anti, "corresponding to," and No. 2), is used in Colossians 1:24 , of the Apostle's responsive devotion to Christ in "filling" up, or undertaking on his part a full share of, the sufferings which follow after the sufferings of Christ, and are experienced by the members of His Body, the church. "The point of the Apostle's boast is that Christ, the sinless Master, should have left something for Paul, the unworthy servant, to suffer" (Lightfoot, on Col., p. 165).

A — 4: συμπληρόω
(Strong's #4845 — Verb — sumpleroo — soom-play-ro'-o )

"to fill completely" (sun, "with," and No. 1), is used in the Passive Voice (a) of a boat filling with water, and, by metonymy, of the occupants themselves, Luke 8:23 (RV, "were filling"); (b) of "fulfilling," with regard to time, "when the days were well-nigh come," RV, for AV, "when the time was come" (RV, marg., "were being fulfilled"), Luke 9:51 ; Acts 2:1 , see RV , marg. See COME. In the Sept. Jeremiah 25:12 .

A — 5: πίμπλημι
(Strong's #4130 — Verb — pimplemi | pletho — )

lengthened forms of pleo, "to fill" (pletho supplies certain tenses of pimplemi), is used (1) of things; boats, with fish, Luke 5:7 ; a sponge, with vinegar, Matthew 27:48 (some mss. have this verb in John 19:29 ); a city, with confusion, Acts 19:29 ; a wedding, with guests, Matthew 22:10 ; (2) of persons (only in Luke's writings: (a) with the Holy Spirit, Luke 1:15, 41, 67 ; Acts 2:4 ; Acts 4:8, 31 ; Acts 9:17 ; Acts 13:9 ; (b) with emotions: wrath, Luke 4:28 ; fear, Luke 5:26 ; madness, Luke 6:11 ; wonder, amazement, Acts 3:10 ; jealousy, Acts 5:17 , RV, for AV, "indignation," and Acts 13:45 (AV, "envy"). For its other significance, "to complete," see ACCOMPLISH.

A — 6: ἐμπίπλημι
(Strong's #1705 — Verb — empiplemi | empletho — em-pip'-lay-mee, em-play'-tho )

(as in No. 5), "to fill full, to satisfy," is used (a) of "filling" the hungry, Luke 1:53 ; John 6:12 ; of the abundance of the rich, Luke 6:25 ; (b) metaphorically, of a company of friends, Romans 15:24 , RV, "satisfied," for AV, "filled."

A — 7: ἐμπίπλημι
(Strong's #1705 — Verb — empiplao — em-pip'-lay-mee, em-play'-tho )

an alternative form of No. 6, is found in Acts 14:17 , "filling (your hearts)," of God's provision for mankind.

A — 8: χορτάζω
(Strong's #5526 — Verb — chortazo — khor-tad'-zo )

"to fill or satisfy with food," e.g., Matthew 15:33 ; Philippians 4:12 , is used metaphorically in Matthew 5:6 ; Luke 6:21 . See FEED.

A — 9: γεμίζω
(Strong's #1072 — Verb — gemizo — ghem-id'-zo )

"to fill or load full," is used of a boat, Mark 4:37 (RV, "was filling"); a sponge, Mark 15:36 (cp. No. 5, Matthew 27:48 ); a house, Luke 14:23 ; the belly, Luke 15:16 ; waterpots, John 2:7 ; baskets, John 6:13 ; bowls, with fire, Revelation 8:5 ; the temple, with smoke, Revelation 15:8 . Cp. gemo, "to be full." See FULL.

A — 10: κορέννυμι
(Strong's #2880 — Verb — korennumi — kor-en'-noo-mee )

"to satisfy" (akin to koros, "a surfeit"), is used metaphorically of spiritual things, in 1 Corinthians 4:8 , RV, "ye are filled;" in Acts 27:38 , "had eaten enough," lit., "having being satisfied with food." See EAT , ENOUGH.

A — 11: μεστόω
(Strong's #3325 — Verb — mestoo — mes-to'-o )

"to fill full," from mestos, "full," is used of being "filled" with wine, Acts 2:13 , RV, "are filled with."

B — 1: πλήρωμα
(Strong's #4138 — Noun Neuter — pleroma — play'-ro-mah )

fullness, has two meanings, (a) in the Active sense, "that which fills up," a piece of undressed cloth on an old garment, Matthew 9:16 ; Mark 2:21 , lit., "the filling" (RV, "that which should fill it up"), i.e., "the patch," which is probably the significance; (b) "that which has been completed, the fullness," e.g., Mark 8:20 . See FULLNESS.

Notes: (1) In Revelation 18:6 , AV, kerannumi, "to mix," is incorrectly rendered "to fill full" (RV, to mingle). (2) In Revelation 15:1 , AV, teleo, "to finish, complete," is incorrectly rendered "filled up" (RV, "finished"); the contents of the seven bowls are not the sum total of the Divine judgments; they form the termination of them; there are many which precede (see previous chapters), which are likewise comprised under "the wrath of God," to be executed at the closing period of the present age, e.g., Revelation 6:17 ; Revelation 11:18 ; Revelation 14:10, 19 .

Filth

1: περικάθαρμα
(Strong's #4027 — Noun Neuter — perikatharma — per-ee-kath'-ar-mah )

denotes "offscouring, refuse" (lit., "cleanings," i.e., that which is thrown away in cleansing; from perikathairo, "to purify all around," i.e., completely, as in the Sept. of Deuteronomy 18:10 ; Joshua 5:4 .) It is once used in the Sept. (Proverbs 21:18 ) as the price of expiation; among the Greeks the term was applied to victims sacrificed to make expiation; they also used it of criminals kept at the public expense, to be thrown into the sea, or otherwise killed, at the outbreak of a pestilence, etc. It is used in 1 Corinthians 4:13 much in this sense (not of sacrificial victims), "the filth of the world," representing "the most abject and despicable men" (Grimm-Thayer), the scum or rubbish of humanity.

2: ῥύπος
(Strong's #4509 — Noun Masculine — rhupos — hroo'-pos )

denotes "dirt, filth," 1 Peter 3:21 . Cp. rhuparia, "filthiness" (see A, No. 2, below); rhuparos, "vile," James 2:2 ; Revelation 22:11 , in the best mss. (see B, No. 3, below); rhupoo, "to make filthy," Revelation 22:11 ; rhupaino (see D below).

Filthiness, Filthy

A — 1: αἰσχρότης
(Strong's #151 — Noun Feminine — aischrotes — ahee-skhrot'-ace )

"baseness" (from aischos, "shame, disgrace"), is used in Ephesians 5:4 , of obscenity, all that is contrary to purity.

A — 2: ῥυπαρία
(Strong's #4507 — Noun Feminine — rhuparia — hroo-par-ee'-ah )

denotes "dirt, filth" (cp. No. 2, under FILTH), and is used metaphorically of moral "defilement" in James 1:21 .

A — 3: μολυσμός
(Strong's #3436 — Noun Masculine — molusmos — mol-oos-mos' )

"a soiling, defilement," is used in 2 Corinthians 7:1 . See DEFILEMENT.

A — 4: ἀσέλγεια
(Strong's #766 — Noun Feminine — aselgeia — as-elg'-i-a )

"wantonness, licentiousness, lasciviousness," is translated "filthy (conversation)," in 2 Peter 2:7 , AV; RV, "lascivious (life)." See LASCIVIOUSNESS , WANTONNES.

Notes: (1) Broadly speaking, aischrotes signifies "whatever is disgraceful;" rhuparia, "that which is characterized by moral impurity;" molusmos, "that which is defiling by soiling the clean;" aselgeia, "that which is an insolent disregard of decency." (2) In Colossians 3:8 aischrologia, which denotes any kind of "base utterance," the utterance of an uncontrolled tongue, is rendered "filthy communication" in the AV; but this is only part of what is included in the more comprehensive RV rendering, "shameful speaking." In the papyri writings the word is used of "abuse." In general it seems to have been associated more frequently with "foul" or "filthy," rather than abusive, "speaking" (Moulton and Milligan).

B — 1: αἰσχρός
(Strong's #150 — Adjective — aischros — ahee-skhros' )

"base, shameful" (akin to A, No. 1), is used of "base gain," "filthy (lucre)," Titus 1:11 , and translated "shame" in 1 Corinthians 11:6 , with reference to a woman with shorn hair; in 1 Corinthians 14:35 , of oral utterances of women in a church gathering (RV, "shameful"); in Ephesians 5:12 , of mentioning the base and bestial practices of those who live lascivious lives. See SHAME.

B — 2: αἰσχροκερδής
(Strong's #146 — Adjective — aischrokerdes — ahee-skhrok-er-dace' )

"greedy of base gain" (No. 1, and kerdos, "gain"), is used in 1 Timothy 3:8 ; Titus 1:7 , "greedy of filthy lucre;" some mss. have it also in 1 Timothy 3:3 .

B — 3: ῥυπαρός
(Strong's #4508 — Adjective — rhuparos — rhoo-par-os' )

akin to A, No. 2 (see also FILTH , No. 2), "dirty," is said of shabby clothing, James 2:2 : metaphorically, of moral "defilement," Revelation 22:11 (in the best mss.).

Note: For akathartos see UNCLEAN , No. 1.

C — 1: αἰσχροκερδῶς
(Strong's #147 — Adverb — aischrokerdos — ahee-skhrok-er-doce' )

"eagerness for base gain" (akin to B, No. 2), is used in 1 Peter 5:2 , "for filthy lucre."

D — 1: ῥυπόω
(Strong's #4510 — Verb — rhupaino — rhoo-po'-o )

"to make filthy, defile" (from A, No. 2), is used in the Passive Voice, in an ethical sense, in Revelation 22:11 (cp. B, No. 3, in the same verse), "let him be made filthy," RV. The tense (the aorist) marks the decisiveness of that which is decreed. Some texts have rhupareuomai, here, with the same meaning; some have rhupoo, in the Middle Voice, "to make oneself filthy."

Final, Finally

A — 1: πέρας
(Strong's #4009 — Noun Neuter — peras — per'-as )

"a limit, end," is translated "final" in Hebrews 6:16 , RV, "an oath is final for confirmation" (the AV connects the clauses differently). See END.

A — 2: τέλος
(Strong's #5056 — Noun Neuter — telos — tel'-os )

"an end," most frequently of the termination of something, is used with the article adverbially, meaning "finally" or "as to the end," i.e., as to the last detail, 1 Peter 3:8 . See END.

B — 1: λοιπόν
(Strong's #3063 — Adverb Neuter — loipon — loy-pon' )

is the neuter of the adjective loipos, remaining (which is used in its different genders as a noun, "the rest"), and is used either with the article or without, to signify "finally," lit., "for the rest." The Apostle Paul uses it frequently in the concluding portion of his epistles, introducing practical exhortations, not necessarily implying that the letter is drawing to a close, but marking a transition in the subject-matter, as in Philippians 3:1 , where the actual conclusion is for the time postponed and the farewell injunctions are resumed in Philippians 4:8 . See also 1 Thessalonians 4:1 (AV, "furthermore"); 2 Thessalonians 3:1 .

Find, Found

1: εὑρίσκω
(Strong's #2147 — Verb — heurisko — hyoo-ris'-ko )

denotes (a) "to find," either with previous search, e.g., Matthew 7:7, 8 , or without, e.g., Matthew 27:32 ; in the Passive Voice, of Enoch's disappearance, Hebrews 11:5 ; of mountains, Revelation 16:20 ; of Babylon and its occupants, Revelation 18:21, 22 ; (b) metaphorically, "to find out by enquiry," or "to learn, discover," e.g., Luke 19:48 ; John 18:38 ; John 19:4, 6 ; Acts 4:21 ; Acts 13:28 ; Romans 7:10 ; Galatians 2:17 , which indicates "the surprise of the Jew" who learned for the first time that before God he had no moral superiority over the Gentiles whom he superciliously dubbed "sinners," while he esteemed himself to be "righteous;" 1 Peter 1:7 ; Revelation 5:4 ; (c) in the Middle Voice, "to find for oneself, gain, procure, obtain," e.g. Matthew 10:39 ; Matthew 11:29 , "ye shall find (rest);" Luke 1:30 ; Acts 7:46 ; 2 Timothy 1:18 . See GET , OBTAIN.

2: ἀνευρίσκω
(Strong's #429 — Verb — aneurisko — an-yoo-ris'-ko )

"to find out" (by search), "discover" (ana, "up," and No. 1), implying diligent searching, is used in Luke 2:16 , of the shepherds in searching for and "finding" Mary and Joseph and the Child; in Acts 21:4 , of Paul and his companions, in searching for and "finding" "the disciples" at Tyre (in ver. 2, No. 1, is used).

3: λαμβάνω
(Strong's #2983 — Verb — lambano — lam-ban'-o )

"to take, receive," is translated "finding (occasion)" in Romans 7:11 , RV (AV, "taking"). See ACCEPT.

4: καταλαμβάνω
(Strong's #2638 — Verb — katalambano — kat-al-am-ban'-o )

"to lay hold of," said of mental action, "to comprehend" by laying hold of or "finding" facts, is translated "I found," of Festus regarding charges made against Paul, Acts 25:25 . See APPREHEND.

Notes: (1) For sunanapauomai, "to be refreshed in spirit," in Romans 15:32 , RV, "find rest with," see FIND , REFRESH. (2) In Romans 7:18 , there is no word in the original for "find." Hence the RV has "is not." (3) In Romans 11:33 , anexichniastos, untraceable, is rendered "past finding out," AV, RV, "past tracing out" (ichniazo, "to track out"); in Ephesians 3:8 , "unsearchable." See TRACE , UNSEARCHABLE.

Fine

* For FINE see BRASS , No. 4, FLOUR, GOODLY, Note, LINEN

Finger

:
( — — — )

Matthew 23:4 ; Mark 7:33 ; Luke 11:46 ; Luke 16:24 ; John 8:6 ; John 20:25, 27 , is used metaphorically in Luke 11:20 , for the power of God, the effects of which are made visible to men (cp. Matthew 12:28 , "by the Spirit of God;" cp. also Exodus 8:19 ).

Finish

1: τελέω
(Strong's #5055 — Verb — teleo — tel-eh'-o )

"to bring to an end" (telos, "an end"), in the Passive Voice, "to be finished," is translated by the verb "to finish" in Matthew 13:53 ; Matthew 19:1 ; Matthew 26:1 ; John 19:28 , where the RV "are ... finished" brings out the force of the perfect tense (the same word as in ver. 30, "It is finished"), which is missed in the AV; as Stier says, "the word was in His heart before He uttered it;" 2 Timothy 4:7 ; Revelation 10:7 ; Revelation 11:7 ; Revelation 20:3 , RV, "should be finished" (AV, "fulfilled"), Revelation 20:5, 7 , RV, "finished" (AV, "expired"). In Revelation 15:1 the verb is rightly translated "is finished," RV, see FILL , Note (2). In 15:8 the RV, "should be finished" corrects the AV, "were fulfilled." See ACCOMPLISH.

2: τελειόω
(Strong's #5048 — Verb — teleioo — tel-i-o'-o )

akin to the adjective teleios, "complete, perfect," and to No. 1, denotes "to bring to an end" in the sense of completing or perfecting, and is translated by the verb "to finish" in John 4:34 ; John 5:36 ; John 17:4 ; Acts 20:24 . See CONSECRATE , FULFIL, PERFECT.

3: ἐκτελέω
(Strong's #1615 — Verb — ekteleo — ek-tel-eh'-o )

lit., "to finish out," i.e., "completely" (ek, "out," intensive, and No. 1), is used in Luke 14:29, 30 .

4: ἐπιτελέω
(Strong's #2005 — Verb — epiteleo — ep-ee-tel-eh'-o )

"to bring through to an end," is rendered "finish" in 2 Corinthians 8:6 , AV (RV, "complete"). See ACCOMPLISH.

5: συντελέω
(Strong's #4931 — Verb — sunteleo — soon-tel-eh'-o )

"to bring to fulfillment, to effect," is translated "finishing" (AV, "will finish") in Romans 9:28 . See COMPLETE.

6: διανύω
(Strong's #1274 — Verb — dianuo — dee-an-oo'-o )

is translated "had finished," in Acts 21:7 , of the voyage from Tyre to Ptolemais. As this is so short a journey, and this verb is intensive in meaning, some have suggested the rendering "but we having (thereby) completed our voyage (i.e., from Macedonia, 20:6), came from Tyre to Ptolemais." In late Greek writers, however, the verb is used with the meaning "to continue," and this is the probable sense here.

7: γίνομαι
(Strong's #1096 — Verb — ginomai — ghin'-om-ahee )

"to become, to come into existence," is translated "were finished" in Hebrews 4:3 , i.e., were brought to their predestined end.

Notes: (1) In Luke 14:28 , apartismos denotes "a completion," and the phrase is, lit., "unto a completion." The AV has "to finish" (RV, "to complete"). See COMPLETE. (2) In James 1:15 , apoteleo, "to perfect," to bring to maturity, to become "fullgrown," RV (AV, "is finished"), is said of the full development of sin. (3) In Hebrews 12:2 the RV suitably translates teleiotes "perfecter," for AV, "finisher."

Fire

A — 1: πῦρ
(Strong's #4442 — Noun Neuter — pur — poor )

(akin to which are No. 2, pura, and puretos, "a fever," Eng., "fire," etc.) is used (besides its ordinary natural significance):

(a) of the holiness of God, which consumes all that is inconsistent therewith, Hebrews 10:27 ; Hebrews 12:29 ; cp. Revelation 1:14 ; Revelation 2:18 ; Revelation 10:1 ; Revelation 15:2 ; Revelation 19:12 ; similarly of the holy angels as His ministers, Hebrews 1:7 ; in Revelation 3:18 it is symbolic of that which tries the faith of saints, producing what will glorify the Lord:

(b) of the Divine judgment, testing the deeds of believers, at the judgment seat of Christ, 1 Corinthians 3:13, 15 :

(c) of the fire of Divine judgment upon the rejectors of Christ, Matthew 3:11 (where a distinction is to be made between the baptism of the Holy Spirit at Pentecost and the "fire" of Divine retribution; Acts 2:3 could not refer to baptism): Luke 3:16 :

(d) of the judgments of God at the close of the present age previous to the establishment of the kingdom of Christ in the world, 2 Thessalonians 1:8 ; Revelation 18:8 :

(e) of the "fire" of Hell, to be endured by the ungodly hereafter, Matthew 5:22 ; Matthew 13:42, 50 ; Matthew 18:8, 9 ; Matthew 25:41 ; Mark 9:43, 48 ; Luke 3:17 :

(f) of human hostility both to the Jews and to Christ's followers, Luke 12:49 :

(g) as illustrative of retributive judgment upon the luxurious and tyrannical rich, James 5:3 :

(h) of the future overthrow of the Babylonish religious system at the hands of the Beast and the nations under him, Revelation 17:16 :

(i) of turning the heart of an enemy to repentance by repaying his unkindness by kindness, Romans 12:20 :

(j) of the tongue, as governed by a "fiery" disposition and as exercising a destructive influence over others, James 3:6 :

(k) as symbolic of the danger of destruction, Jude 1:23 .

Note: See also under FLAME.

A — 2: πυρά
(Strong's #4443 — Noun Feminine — pura — poo-rah' )

from No. 1, denotes "a heap of fuel" collected to be set on fire (hence Eng., "pyre"), Acts 28:2, 3 .

Note: In Mark 14:54 , the italicized phrase "of the fire" is added in the Eng. versions to indicate the light as coming from the "fire."

B — 1: πύρινος
(Strong's #4447 — Adjective — purinos — poo'-ree-nos )

"fiery" (akin to A, No. 1), is translated "of fire" in Revelation 9:17 . In the Sept., Ezekiel 28:14, 16 .

C — 1: πυρόω
(Strong's #4448 — Verb — puroo — poo-ro'-o )

is translated "being on fire" (Middle Voice) in 2 Peter 3:12 . See FIERY.

C — 2: φλογίζω
(Strong's #5394 — Verb — phlogizo — flog-id'-zo )

"to set on fire, burn up," is used figuratively, in both Active and Passive Voices, in James 3:6 , of the tongue, firstly, of its disastrous effects upon the whole round of the circumstances of life; secondly, of satanic agency in using the tongue for this purpose.

Firkin

1: μετρητής
(Strong's #3355 — Noun Masculine — metretes — met-ray-tace' )

is a liquid measure (akin to metreo, "to measure"), equivalent to one and a half Roman amphoroe, or about nine gallons, John 2:6 .

Firm

1: βέβαιος
(Strong's #949 — Adjective — bebaios — beb'-ah-yos )

"firm, steadfast, secure" (from baino, "to go"), is translated "firm" in Hebrews 3:6 , of the maintenance of the boldness of the believer's hope, and in Hebrews 3:14 , RV, of "the beginning of our confidence" (AV, "steadfast"). See STEADFAST , SURE.

2: στερεός
(Strong's #4731 — Adjective — stereos — ster-eh-os' )

"solid, hard, stiff," is translated "firm" in 2 Timothy 2:19 , RV, "the firm (foundation of God)," AV, "(standeth) sure;" stereos is not part of the predicate; "solid (food)" in Hebrews 5:12, 14 , RV; "steadfast" in 1 Peter 5:9 . See SOLID , STEADFAST , STRONG.

Note: Cp. stereoo, "to make strong, establish," Acts 3:7, 16 ; Acts 16:5 , and stereoma, "steadfastness," Colossians 2:5 .

First

A — 1: πρῶτος
(Strong's #4413 — Adjective — protos — pro'-tos )

the superlative degree of pro, "before," is used (I) "of time or place," (a) as a noun, e.g., Luke 14:18 ; Revelation 1:17 ; opposite to "the last," in the neuter plural, Matthew 12:45 ; Luke 11:26 ; 2 Peter 2:20 ; in the neuter singular, opposite to "the second," Hebrews 10:9 ; in 1 Corinthians 15:3 , en protois, lit., "in the first (things, or matters)" denotes "first of all;" (b) as an adjective, e.g., Mark 16:9 , used with "day" understood, lit., "the first (day) of (i.e., after) the Sabbath," in which phrase the "of" is objective, not including the Sabbath, but following it (cp. B, No. 3); in John 20:4, 8 ; Romans 10:19 , e.g., equivalent to an English adverb; in John 1:15 , lit., "first of me," i.e., "before me" (of superiority); (II) "of rank or dignity," see CHIEF , Cp. B, Nos. 3 and 4.

B — 1: πρότερον
(Strong's #4386 — Adjective — proteron — prot'-er-on )

the comparative degree of pro (see No. 1), "former, before," denotes "first" in Hebrews 7:27 ; in 4:6, RV, "before" (AV, "first"), speaking of Israel as having heard God's good tidings previously to the ministry of the Gospel; in Galatians 4:13 , "I preached ... unto you the first time" means on the former of his two previous visits.

B — 2: ἄνωθεν
(Strong's #509 — Adverb — anothen — an'-o-then )

"from above," is rendered "from the first" in Luke 1:3 , RV; it may mean "from their beginning, or source."

B — 3: πρῶτος
(Strong's #4413 — Adjective — protos — pro'-tos )

"firstly," is used in Acts 11:26 , "first" (some mss. have No. 4 here).

B — 4: πρῶτον
(Strong's #4412 — Adverb — proton — pro'-ton )

the neuter of the adjective protos, is used as an adverb, signifying "first, firstly," e.g., of time, Matthew 8:21 ; of order, Romans 3:2 (AV, "chiefly"); in John 7:51 , RV, "except it first hear from himself" (the AV, "before it hear him," follows the mss. which have No. 1).

C — 1: μία
(Strong's #3391 — Adjective — mia — mee'-ah )

a grammatically feminine form of heis, "one," is translated "first" in certain occurrences of the phrase "on the first day of the week," e.g., Luke 24:1 ; 1 Corinthians 16:2 ; cp. A, and see DAY; also in Titus 3:10 , of a "first" admonition to a heretical man. See ONE.

D — 1: ἀρχή
(Strong's #746 — Noun Feminine — arche — ar-khay' )

"a beginning," is translated "first" in Hebrews 5:12 , "of the first (principles of the oracles of God)," lit. "(the principles) of the beginning (of the oracles of God);" in Hebrews 6:1 "the first (principles) of Christ," lit., "(the account) of the beginning of Christ," i.e., the elementary teaching concerning Christ. In Acts 26:4 , where the word is preceded by apo, "from," the AV has "at the first," the RV, "from the beginning."

Notes: (1) In Jude 1:6 arche has the meaning "principality," as in the RV and the AV margin.

(2) In 2 Corinthians 8:12 prokeimai, "to be present," lit., "to lie beforehand" (pro, "before," keimaim "to lie"), RV renders "(if the readiness) is there," for AV, "if there be first (a willing mind)." See SET , A, No. 23.

First-Begotten, Firstborn

1: πρωτότοκος
(Strong's #4416 — Adjective — prototokos — pro-tot-ok'-os )

"firstborn" (from protos, "first," and tikto, "to beget"), is used of Christ as born of the Virgin Mary, Luke 2:7 ; further, in His relationship to the Father, expressing His priority to, and preeminence over, creation, not in the sense of being the "first" to be born. It is used occasionally of superiority of position in the OT; see Exodus 4:22 ; Deuteronomy 21:16, 17 , the prohibition being against the evil of assigning the privileged position of the "firstborn" to one born subsequently to the "first" child.

The five passages in the NT relating to Christ may be set forth chronologically thus: (a) Colossians 1:15 , where His eternal relationship with the Father is in view, and the clause means both that He was the "Firstborn" before all creation and that He Himself produced creation (the genitive case being objective, as ver. 16 makes clear); (b) Colossians 1:18 ; Revelation 1:5 , in reference to His resurrection; (c) Romans 8:29 , His position in relationship to the church; (d) Hebrews 1:6 , RV, His Second Advent (the RV "when He again bringeth in," puts "again" in the right place, the contrast to His First Advent, at His birth, being implied); cp. Psalms 89:27 : The word is used in the plural, in Hebrews 11:28 , of the firstborn sons in the families of the Egyptians, and in Psalms 12:23 , of the members of the Church.

Note: With (a) cp. John 1:30 , "He was before me," lit., "He was first (protos) of me," i.e., "in regard to me," expressing all that is involved in His preexistence and priority.

Firstfruits

1: ἀπαρχή
(Strong's #536 — Noun Feminine — aparche — ap-ar-khay' )

denotes, primarily, "an offering of firstfruits" (akin to aparchomai, "to make a beginning;" in sacrifices, "to offer firstfruits"). "Though the English word is plural in each of its occurrences save Romans 11:16 , the Greek word is always singular. Two Hebrew words are thus translated, one meaning the "chief" or "principal part," e.g., Numbers 18:12 ; Proverbs 3:9 ; the other, "the earliest ripe of the crop or of the tree," e.g., Exodus 23:16 ; Nehemiah 10:35 ; they are found together, e.g., in Exodus 23:19 , "the first of the firstfruits."

"The term is applied in things spiritual, (a) to the presence of the Holy Spirit with the believer as the firstfruits of the full harvest of the Cross, Romans 8:23 ; (b) to Christ Himself in resurrection in relation to all believers who have fallen asleep, 1 Corinthians 15:20, 23 ; (c) to the earliest believers in a country in relation to those of their countrymen subsequently converted, Romans 16:5 ; 1 Corinthians 16:15 ; (d) to the believers of this age in relation to the whole of the redeemed, 2 Thessalonians 2:13 (see Note below); James 1:18 . Cp. Revelation 14:4 ." * [* From Notes on Thessalonians, by Hogg and Vine, p. 271.]

Notes: (1) In James 1:15 the qualifying phrase, "a kind of," may suggest a certain falling short, on the part of those mentioned, of what they might be. (2) In 2 Thessalonians 2:13 , instead of ap' arches, "from the beginning," there is an alternative reading, well supported, viz., aparchen, "(God chose you) as firstfruits."

Fish

1: ἰχθύς
(Strong's #2486 — Noun Masculine — ichthus — ikh-thoos' )

denotes "a fish," Matthew 7:10 ; Mark 6:38 , etc.; apart from the Gospels, only in 1 Corinthians 15:39 .

2: ἰχθύδιον
(Strong's #2485 — Noun Neuter — ichthudion — ikh-thoo'-dee-on )

is a diminutive of No. 1, "a little fish," Matthew 15:34 ; Mark 8:7 .

3: ὀψάριον
(Strong's #3795 — Noun Neuter — opsarion — op-sar'-ee-on )

is a diminutive of opson, "cooked meat," or "a relish, a dainty dish, especially of fish;" it denotes "a little fish," John 6:9, 11 ; John 21:9, 10, 13 .

Fish, Fisher, Fisherman

A — 1: ἁλιεύς
(Strong's #231 — Noun Masculine — halieus — hal-ee-yoos' )

"a fisherman, fisher" (from hals, "the sea"), occurs in Matthew 4:18, 19 ; Mark 1:16, 17 ; Luke 5:2 .

B — 1: ἁλιεύω
(Strong's #232 — Verb — halieuo — hal-ee-yoo'-o )

"to fish" (akin to A.), occurs in John 21:3 . In the Sept., Jeremiah 16:16 .

Fit, Fitly, Fitting

A — 1: εὔθετος
(Strong's #2111 — Adjective — euthetos — yoo'-thet-os )

"ready for use, fit, well adapted," lit., "well placed" (eu, "well," tithemi, "to place"), is used (a) of persons, Luke 9:62 , negatively, of one who is not fit for the kingdom of God; (b) of things, Luke 14:35 , of salt that has lost its savor; rendered "meet" in Hebrews 6:7 , of herbs. See MEET.

A — 2: ἀρεστός
(Strong's #701 — Adjective — arestos — ar-es-tos' )

"pleasing" (akin to aresko, "to please"), is translated "(it is not) fit," RV (AV, "reason"), in Acts 6:2 . See PLEASE , REASON.

B — 1: ἀνήκω
(Strong's #433 — Verb — aneko — an-ay'-ko )

properly, "to have come up to" (ana, "up," and heko, "to arrive"), is translated "is fitting," in Colossians 3:18 , RV. See BEFITTING.

B — 2: καθήκω
(Strong's #2520 — Verb — katheko — kath-ay'-ko )

"to come or reach down to" (kata, "down"), hence, "to befit, be proper," is translated "is (not fit)" in Acts 22:22 ; in Romans 1:28 , RV, "fitting" (AV, "convenient"). See CONVENIENT.

B — 3: καταρτίζω
(Strong's #2675 — Verb — kataritzo — kat-ar-tid'-zo )

"to make fit, to equip, prepare" (kata, "down," artos, "a joint"), is rendered "fitted" in Romans 9:22 , of vessels of wrath; here the Middle Voice signifies that those referred to "fitted" themselves for destruction (as illustrated in the case of Pharaoh, the self-hardening of whose heart is accurately presented in the RV in the first part of the series of incidents in the Exodous narrative, which records Pharaoh's doings; only after repeated and persistent obstinacy on his part is it recorded that God hardened his heart.) See FRAME , JOIN , PERFECT , PREPARE , RESTORE.

B — 4: συναρμολογέω
(Strong's #4883 — Verb — sunarmologeo — soon-ar-mol-og-eh'-o )

"to fit or frame together" (sun, "with," harmos, "a joint, in building," and lego, "to choose"), is used metaphorically of the various parts of the church as a building, Ephesians 2:21 , "fitly framed together;" also of the members of the church as the body of Christ, 4:16, RV, "fitly framed ... together."

Five, Five Times

1: πέντε
(Strong's #4002 — Noun — pente — pen'-teh )

is derived by some from words suggesting the fingers of a hand, or a fist. The word is frequent in the Gospels. Pentakis, "five times," is found in 2 Corinthians 11:24 ; pentakosioi, "five hundred," in Luke 7:41 ; 1 Corinthians 15:6 ; pentakischilioi, "five thousand" (chilios, "a thousand"), in Matthew 14:21 ; Matthew 16:9 and corresponding passages. See FIFTEENTH , FIFTH , FIFTY.

Fix

1: στηρίζω
(Strong's #4741 — Verb — sterizo — stay-rid'-zo )

"to set forth, make fast, fix," is translated "fixed" in Luke 16:26 , of the great gulf separating Hades or Sheol from the region called "Abraham's bosom." See ESTABLISH.

Flame, Flaming

1: φλόξ
(Strong's #5395 — Noun Feminine — phlox — flox )

akin to Lat. fulgeo, "to shine," is used apart from pur, "fire," in Luke 16:24 ; with pur, it signifies "a fiery flame," lit., "a flame of fire," Acts 7:30 ; 2 Thessalonians 1:8 , where the fire is to be understood as the instrument of Divine judgment; Hebrews 1:7 , where the meaning probably is that God makes His angels as active and powerful as a "flame" of fire; in Revelation 1:14 ; Revelation 2:18 ; Revelation 19:12 , of the eyes of the Lord Jesus as emblematic of penetrating judgment, searching out evil.

Flattery

1: κολακεία
(Strong's #2850 — Noun Feminine — kolakia — kol-ak-i'-ah )

akin to kolakeuo, "to flatter," is used in 1 Thessalonians 2:5 of "words of flattery" (RV), adopted as "a cloke of covetousness," i.e., words which "flattery" uses, not simply as an effort to give pleasure, but with motives of self-interest.

Flax

1: λίνον
(Strong's #3043 — Noun Neuter — linon — lee'-non )

primarily denotes "flax" (Eng., "linen"); then, that which is made of it, "a wick of a lamp," Matthew 12:20 ; several ancient mss. have the word in Revelation 15:6 (AV only, "linen"). See LINEN.

Flee, Fled

1: φεύγω
(Strong's #5343 — Verb — pheugo — fyoo'-go )

"to flee from or away" (Lat., fugio; Eng., "fugitive," etc.), besides its literal significance, is used metaphorically, (a) transitively, of "fleeing" fornication, 1 Corinthians 6:18 ; idolatry, 1 Corinthians 10:14 ; evil doctrine, questionings, disputes of words, envy, strife, railings, evil surmisings, wranglings, and the love of money, 1 Timothy 6:11 ; youthful lusts, 2 Timothy 2:22 ; (b) intransitively, of the "flight" of physical matter, Revelation 16:20 ; Revelation 20:11 ; of death, Revelation 9:6 . See ESCAPE.

2: ἐκφεύγω
(Strong's #1628 — Verb — ekpheugo — ek-fyoo'-go )

"to flee away, escape" (ek, "from," and No. 1), is translated "fled" in Acts 16:27 (AV only); 19:16. In Hebrews 12:25 the best mss. have this verb instead of No. 1. See ESCAPE.

3: καταφεύγω
(Strong's #2703 — Verb — katapheugo — kat-af-yoo'-go )

"to flee for refuge" (kata, used intensively, and No. 1), is used (a) literally in Acts 14:6 ; (b) metaphorically in Hebrews 6:18 , of "fleeing" for refuge to lay hold upon hope.

Note: For apopheugo and diapheugo, see ESCAPE.

Flesh

1: σάρξ
(Strong's #4561 — Noun Feminine — sarx — sarx )

has a wider range of meaning in the NT than in the OT. Its uses in the NT may be analyzed as follows:

"(a) "the substance of the body," whether of beasts or of men, 1 Corinthians 15:39 ; (b) "the human body," 2 Corinthians 10:3 ; Galatians 2:20 ; Philippians 1:22 ; (c) by synecdoche, of "mankind," in the totality of all that is essential to manhood, i.e., spirit, soul, and body, Matthew 24:22 ; John 1:13 ; Romans 3:20 ; (d) by synecdoche, of "the holy humanity" of the Lord Jesus, in the totality of all that is essential to manhood, i.e., spirit, soul, and body, John 1:14 ; 1 Timothy 3:16 ; 1 John 4:2 ; 2 John 1:7 ; in Hebrews 5:7 , "the days of His flesh," i.e., His past life on earth in distinction from His present life in resurrection; (e) by synecdoche, for "the complete person," John 6:51-57 ; 2 Corinthians 7:5 ; James 5:3 ; (f) "the weaker element in human nature," Matthew 26:41 ; Romans 6:19 ; Romans 8:3 ; (g) "the unregenerate state of men," Romans 7:5 ; Romans 8:8, 9 ; (h) "the seat of sin in man" (but this is not the same thing as in the body), 2 Peter 2:18 ; 1 John 2:16 ; (i) "the lower and temporary element in the Christian," Galatians 3:3 ; Galatians 6:8 , and in religious ordinances, Hebrews 9:10 ; (j) "the natural attainments of men," 1 Corinthians 1:26 ; 2 Corinthians 10:2, 3 ; (k) "circumstances," 1 Corinthians 7:28 ; the externals of life, 2 Corinthians 7:1 ; Ephesians 6:5 ; Hebrews 9:13 ; (l) by metonymy, "the outward and seeming," as contrasted with the spirit, the inward and real, John 6:63 ; 2 Corinthians 5:16 ; (m) "natural relationship, consanguine," 1 Corinthians 10:18 ; Galatians 4:23 , or marital, Matthew 19:5 ." * [* From Notes on Galatians, by Hogg and Vine, pp. 111,112.]

In Matthew 26:41 ; Romans 8:4, 13 ; 1 Corinthians 5:5 ; Galatians 6:8 (not the Holy Spirit, here), "flesh" is contrasted with spirit; in Romans 2:28, 29 , with heart and spirit; in Romans 7:25 , with the mind; cp. Colossians 2:1, 5 . It is coupled with the mind in Ephesians 2:3 , and with the spirit in 2 Corinthians 7:1 .

Note: In Colossians 2:18 the noun sarx is used in the phrase "(by his) fleshly mind," lit., "by the mind of his flesh" [see (h) above], whereas the mind ought to be dominated by the Spirit.

2: κρέας
(Strong's #2907 — Noun Neuter — kreas — kreh'-as )

denotes "flesh" in the sense of meat. It is used in the plural in Romans 14:21 ; 1 Corinthians 8:13 .

Fleshly, Fleshly

1: σαρκικός
(Strong's #4559 — Adjective — sarkikos — sar-kee-kos' )

akin to No. 1, under FLESH, signifies (a) associated with or pertaining to, "the flesh, carnal," Romans 15:27 ; 1 Corinthians 9:11 ; (b) of "the nature of the flesh, sensual," translated "fleshly" in 2 Corinthians 1:12 , of wisdom; in 1 Peter 2:11 , of lusts; in 2 Corinthians 10:4 , negatively, of the weapons of the Christian's warfare, RV, "of the flesh" (AV, "carnal"). See CARNAL.

2: σάρκινος
(Strong's #4560 — Adjective — sarkinos — sar'-kee-nos )

denotes "of the flesh, fleshly" (the termination, inos signifying the substance or material of a thing); in 2 Corinthians 3:3 , RV, "(tables that are hearts) of flesh," AV, "fleshly (tables)," etc. See CARNAL.

Note: The adjectives "fleshly," "carnal" are contrasted with spiritual qualities in Romans 7:14 ; 1 Corinthians 3:1, 3, 4 ; 2 Corinthians 1:12 ; Colossians 2:18 (lit., "mind of flesh"). Speaking broadly, the carnal denotes the sinful element in man's nature, by reason of descent from Adam; the spiritual is that which comes by the regenerating operation of the Holy Spirit.

Flight

A — 1: φυγή
(Strong's #5437 — Noun Feminine — phuge — foog-ay' )

akin to pheugo (see FLEE), is found in Matthew 24:20 . Some inferior mss. have it in Mark 13:18 .

B — 1: κλίνω
(Strong's #2827 — Verb — klino — klee'-no )

"to make to bend," is translated "turned to flight" in Hebrews 11:34 . See BOW.

Flock

1: ποίμνη
(Strong's #4167 — Noun Feminine — poimne — poym'-nay )

akin to poimen, "a shepherd," denotes "a flock" (properly, of sheep), Matthew 26:31 ; Luke 2:8 ; 1 Corinthians 9:7 ; metaphorically, of Christ's followers, John 10:16 , RV, for the erroneous AV, "fold." What characterizes Christ's sheep is listening to His voice, and the "flock" must be one as He is one.

2: ποίμνιον
(Strong's #4168 — Noun Neuter — poimnion — poym'-nee-on )

possibly a diminutive of No. 1, is used in the NT only metaphorically, of a group of Christ's disciples, Luke 12:32 ; of local churches cared for by elders, Acts 20:28, 29 ; 1 Peter 5:2, 3 .

Flood

A — 1: κατακλυσμός
(Strong's #2627 — Noun Masculine — kataklusmos — kat-ak-looce-mos' )

"a deluge" (Eng., "cataclysm"), akin to katakluzo, "to inundate," 2 Peter 3:6 , is used of the "flood" in Noah's time, Matthew 24:38, 39 ; Luke 17:27 ; 2 Peter 2:5 .

A — 2: πλήμμυρα
(Strong's #4132 — Noun Feminine — plemmura — plame-moo'-rah )

akin to pletho and pimplemi, "to fill, a flood of sea or river," the latter in Luke 6:48 . In the Sept., Job 40:18 (ver. 23 in the EV).

A — 3: ποταμός
(Strong's #4215 — Noun Masculine — potamos — pot-am-os' )

"a river, stream, torrent," is translated "flood" in Matthew 7:25, 27 ; in Revelation 12:15, 16 , AV, "flood," RV, "river." See RIVER , WATER.

B — 1: ποταμοφόρητος
(Strong's #4216 — Adjective — potamophoretos — pot-am-of-or'-ay-tos )

signifies "carried away by a stream or river" (A, No. 3, and phero, "to carry"), Revelation 12:15 , RV, "carried away by the stream" (AV, "of the flood").

Floor

* For FLOOR see THRESHING FLOOR

Flour

1: σεμίδαλις
(Strong's #4585 — Noun Feminine — semidalis — sem-id'-al-is )

denotes the "finest wheaten flour," Revelation 18:13 .

Flourish

* For FLOURISH in Philippians 4:10 , see REVIVE

Flow

1: ῥέω
(Strong's #4482 — Verb — rheo — hreh'-o )

"to flow," is used figuratively in John 7:38 of the Holy Spirit, acting in and through the believer.

Flower

A — 1: ἄνθος
(Strong's #438 — Noun Neuter — anthos — anth'-os )

"a blossom, flower" (used in certain names of flowers), occurs in James 1:10, 11 ; 1 Peter 1:24 (twice).

B — 1: ὑπέρακμος
(Strong's #5230 — Adjective — huperakmos — hoop-er'-ak-mos )

"past the bloom of youth" (from huper, "beyond," and akme, "the highest point of anything," the full bloom of a flower: Eng., "acme"), is used in 1 Corinthians 7:36 , "past the flower of her age;" Lightfoot prefers the rendering "of full age."

Flute-Players

1: αὐλητής
(Strong's #834 — Noun Masculine — auletes — ow-lay-tace' )

"a flute-player" (from auleo, "to play the flute"), occurs in Matthew 9:23 (AV, "minstrel"), and Revelation 18:22 (AV, "pipers"). In the papyri writings of the time the word is chiefly associated with religious matters (Moulton and Milligan, Vocab.). Cp. MINSTREL.

Flux

* For FLUX see DYSENTERY