Brown-Driver-Briggs Lexicon

מגד — מַדְרֵגָה²

מגד

מגד (√ of foll.; cf. Arabic مَجَدَ, مَجُدَ be glorious, excel in glory).

† מֶ֫גֶד n.m. excellence (NH id., choice fruit; Syriac ܡܰܓܕܳܐ fruit; Arabic مَجْدٌ glory, honour, nobility);—מ׳ cstr. Dt 33:13 + 4 times Dt 33; pl. מְגָדִים Ct 4:13; 7:14; sf. מְגָדָיו Ct 4:16—excellence: excellent or choice things; always of gifts of nature: מ׳ שָׁמַיִם Dt 33:13 i.e. (natural) gifts of heaven; מ׳ תְּבוּאֹת שֶׁמֶשׁ v 14; מ׳ גֶּרֶשׁ יְרָחִים v 14; מ׳ גִּבְעוֹת עוֹלָם v 15 (‖ רֹאשׁ הַרֲרֵי קֶדֶם); מ׳ אֶרֶץ וּמְלֹאָהּ v 16; pl. abstr. פְּרִי מ׳ (= excellent fruit) Ct 4:13, 16; מ׳ alone = foreg., 7:14.

מְגִדּוֹ

† מְגִדּוֹ and (Zc 12:11) מְגִדּוֹן n.pr.loc. (connexion with above √ not clear; 𝔊 Μαγεδδω, Μεκεδω, Μαγεδω, etc.; 𝔙 Mageddo; Assyrian Magadû, Magidû, COT^Gloss Dl^{Pa 287}) old Canaanitish city, assigned to Manasseh 1 K 4:12; 9:15 2 K 9:27; 23:29, 30; מֶלֶךְ מ׳ Jos 12:21; ישְׁבֵי מ׳ Jos 17:11 = Ju 1:27; מֵי מ׳ Ju 5:19; בִּקְעַת מ׳ Zc 12:11 2 Ch 35:22;—mod. Lejjûn (= legio) Rob^{BR ii, 329 f. 364} Bd^{Pal 229}.

מְגִדּוֹ²

מְגִדּוֹ, מְגִדּוֹן v. גדד.

מִגְדּוֹל

† מִגְדּוֹל n.m. tower, 2 S 22:51 Qr (Kt מגדיל = ψ 18:51 מַגְדִּל).

מַגְדִּיאֵל

† מַגְדִּיאֵל n.pr.m. a chief of Edom, Gn 36:43 = 1 Ch 1:54; 𝔊^B Μεδιηλ (Ch), 𝔊^A Μετοδιηλ (Gn), Μαγεδιηλ (Ch, cf. 𝔊L)—(cf. Sab. מגדעל Derenb^{Études i. 65}, Palm. מגד֗ת (? מגרת) Cook^{AramaicGloss. 70}).

מִגְדָּל

† מִגְדָּל n.m. tower, Gn 11:5 + 11 times; cstr. מִגְדַּל Ju 8:17 + 21 times; pl. מִגְדָּלִים 2 Ch 26:9 + 6 times; מִגְדָּלֶיהָ ψ 48:13 Ez 26:4; pl.f. מִגְדָּלוֹת 2 Ch 32:5 + 2 times; cstr. מִגְדְּלוֹת Ct 5:13 (?); sf. מִגְדְּלֹתַיִךְEz 26:9; 27:11;—
1. tower Gn 11:4, 5 Ju 8:9; 9:51^(×2), 52^(×2) 2 K 9:17; 17:9; 18:8 1 Ch 27:25 2 Ch 14:6; 26:9, 10, 15; 27:4; 32:5 Ne 3:25, 26, 27 Is 2:15; 30:25; 33:18 Ez 26:4, 9; 27:11 ψ 48:13, watch-tower in vineyard Is 5:2; fig. of God as refuge ψ 61:4 Pr 18:10; beautiful neck like tower of David Ct 4:4; an ivory tower 7:5; breasts 8:10. (Cf. MI²² מגדלתה, Sab. (more precisely Liḥyân) מגדלנהן, Eut, v. DHM^{Epigr. Denkm. 4, 1.5}). Special towers mentioned on Lebanon Ct 7:5, Penuel Ju 8:17, Shechem Ju 9:46, 47, 49; and at Jerusalem, the tower of David Ct 4:4 (the arsenal), מֵאָה Ne 3:1, חֲנַנְאֵל Ne 3:1; 12:39^(×2) Je 31:38 Zc 14:10, תַּנּוּרִים Ne 3:11; 12:38 (tower of the furnaces).
2. elevated stage, pulpit of wood Ne 8:4.
3. raised bed ‖ עֲרוּגָה Ct 5:13 (but 𝔊 𝔙 Hi read מְגַדְּלוֹת).

מִגְדֹּל

† מִגְדֹּל n.pr. (מִגְדּוֹל only Je 46:14) fortified city on the NE. border of Egypt Ex 14:2 Nu 33:7 Je 44:1; 46:14 Ez 29:10; 30:6; Copt. meschtôl (Champoll.^{L’Égypte sous les Pharaons ii. 79}), Egyptian makƟel Eb^{GS 522}.

מִגְדַּל־אֵל

† מִגְדַּל־אֵל n.pr. (tower of God) stronghold in Naphtali Jos 19:38 prob. = Μαγδαλά Matt 15:39 = Mejdel in the plain of Gennesareth Rob^{BR iii. 298} Bd^{Pal. 257}.

מִגְדַּל־גַּד

† מִגְדַּל־גַּד n.pr. (tower of Gad) stronghold in Judah Jos 15:37;—cf. Magdala, Lag^{Onom. 139, 12, 2nd ed. 171}; possibly Mejdel, eastward of Askalon, Guérin ^{Judée ii. 130 f.} cf. Bd^{Pal. 162}.

מִגְדַּל־עֵ֫דֶר

† מִגְדַּל־עֵ֫דֶר n.pr. (flock-tower) shepherd’s watch-tower near Bethlehem Gn 35:21 Mi 4:8.

מִגְדָּל²

מִגְדָּל, מִגְדּוֹל, מִגְדֹּל v. גדל.

מִגְדָּנָה

† [מִגְדָּנָה] n.f. choice or excellent thing;—pl. abs. מִגְדָּנוֹת, as gifts, Gn 24:53; 2 Ch 21:3; 32:23 (‖ מִנְחָה), Ezr 1:6.

מָגוֹג

† מָגוֹג n.pr.terr. (= land of Gog? cf. Dl^{Pa 246} Len^{Or. ii. 1, 465})—Ez 38:2; 39:6; in Gn 10:2 = 1 Ch 1:5 a son of Japhet, בְּנֵי יֶפֶת גֹּמֶר וּמָגוֹג וּמָדַי וְיָוָן וְתֻבָ֑ל וּמֶשֶׁךְ וְתִירָס; = Scythians? cf. Jos^{Ant. i, 6, 1}; Lag^{Ges Abh. 158} refers name to mountainous region between Cappadocia and Media; cf. Di Gn 10:2, Kiep^{MBAk Feb. 1889, 207} (N. & E. Armenia), Len (SE. Armenia), v. especially Len^{Or. ii. 1, 412—476}.

מָגוֹג²

מָגוֹג n.pr. v. גוג.

מָגוֹר

† I. [מָגוֹר] n.[m.] sojourning-place, dwelling-place, sojourning—sf. מְגוּרָם ψ 55:16; pl. cstr. מְגוּרֵי Gn 37:1; sf. מְגוּרַי Gn 47:9, מְגוּרָ֑י ψ 119:54, מְגֻרֶיךָ Gn 17:8; 28:4, מְגוּרָיו Jb 18:19, מְגוּרֵיהֶם Gn 36:7 + 2 times, מְגֻרֵיהֶם Ex 6:4;—dwelling-place ψ 55:16 Jb 18:19;—sojourning(-place), always pl., אֶרֶץ מ׳ Gn 17:8; 28:4; 36:7; 37:1 Ex 6:4 (Hex always P) Ez 20:38; sojourning (pl.) = life-time, שְׁנֵי מ׳ Gn 47:9 יְמֵי מ׳ Gn 47:9; cf. בֵּית מ׳ ψ 119:54.

מָגוֹר²

† III. מָגוֹר n.m. fear, terror—abs. מ׳ ψ 31:14 + 6 times + Je 20:3 cf. infr.; pl. sf. מְגוּרַי La 2:22;—fear, terror Is 31:9; = cause of terror Je 20:4; elsewhere in phrase, coined by Jerem, מ׳ מִסָּבִיב terror on every side Je 6:25; 20:3 (where as n.pr.), v 10; 46:5; 49:29 ψ 31:14; La 2:22 (מְגוּרַי מִסּ׳).

מָגוֹר³

I, II. מָגוֹר, מְגוֹרָה, מְגוּרָה v. i, iii. גור.

מְגוֹרָה

† [מְגוֹרָה] n.f. fear, terror—cstr. מְגוֹרַת Pr 10:24; pl. sf. מְגוּרוֹתַי ψ 34:5, מְגוּרֹתָם Is 66:4 (on these forms with וּ cf. Ges^{§ 27. 3. R. 1. & 85, 48});—terror (= thing dreaded) ψ 34:5 Pr 10:24; Is 66:4.

מְגוּרָה

† מְגוּרָה n.f. store-house, granary Hg 2:19.

מַגְזֵרָה

† [מַגְזֵרָה] n.f. cutting instrument, axe—2 S 12:31 of David’s treatment of captives, וַיָּשֶׂם בַּמְּגֵרָה … וּבְמַגְזְרוֹת הַבַּרְזֶל. (cf. 1 Ch 20:3).

מַגְזֵרָה²

[מַגְזֵרָה] v. גזר.

מַגָּל

מַגָּל v. נגל.

מַגָּל²

† מַגָּל n.[m.] sickle (Arabic مِنْجَلٌ (yet poss. Aramaic loan-word Frä¹³³), Aramaic ܡܰܓܰܠܬܳܐ );—c. תָּפַשׂ handle, wield Je 50:16 (‖ זָרַע); c. שָׁלַח Jo 4:13 fig. of judgment.

מְגִלָּה

† מְגִלָּה n.f. roll (writing, book; late)—מ׳ Je 36:28 + 16 times; cstr. מְגִלַּת־ ψ 40:8 + 3 times;—roll of writing, book מְגִלַּת־סֵפֶר Je 36:2, 4 Ez 2:9 ψ 40:8; מ׳ alone Je 36:6, 14^(×2), 20, 21, 23, 25, 27, 28^(×2), 29, 32 Ez 3:1, 2, 3 Zc 5:1, 2.

מְגִלָּה²

מְגִלָּה v. גלל.

מְגַמָּה

† [מְגַמָּה] n.f. Hb 1:9 (of the Chaldaeans) מְגַמַּת פְּנֵיהֶם קָדִ֑ימָה, of uncertain meaning: Ges the assembling of their faces is (directed) forwards; Ew De Ke eagerness, comparing (questionably) גָּמָא swallow Jb 39:24, and جَامَ (Freyt.) seek (whence St proposes מְגֻמַת). Text prob. erron.

מְגַמָּה²

[מְגַמָּה] v. גמם.

מָגֵן

† מָגֵן n.m. ^{1 K 14:27}, & f. ^{1 K 10:17}, shield (Arabic مِجَنٌّ, Aramaic מְגִנָּא, ܡܓܶܢܳܐ )—מָגֵן Gn 15:1 + 33 times (also cstr. Dt 33:29 Na 2:4); sf. מָגִנִּי ψ 7:11 + 5 times; מָגִנֵּנוּ ψ 33:20 + 3 times; מָגִנָּם ψ 115:9, 10, 11; pl. מָגִנִּים 1 K 10:17 + 6 times; מָגִנּוֹת 2 Ch 23:9; cstr. מָגִנֵּי 1 K 14:26 + 4 times; sf. מָגִנָּיו Jb 15:26; מָגִנֶּיהָ Ho 4:18;—shield, buckler, carried by warrior for defence Ju 5:8 2 S 1:21^(×2) 2 K 19:32 = Is 37:33, 1 Ch 5:18; 2 Ch 14:7; 17:17; 23:9; 26:14; 32:5 Ne 4:10 ψ 76:4 Je 46:3, 9 Ez 23:24; 38:4, 5; 39:9 Na 2:4 Is 22:6 cf. 21:5 (anoint the shield, to make it slippery), so also ψ 35:2 (where י׳ fig. as warrior); אִישׁ מָגֵן = armed man Pr 6:11; 24:34; laid up for show, or as treasure 1 K 10:17^(×2); 14:26, 27 (= 2 Ch 9:16^(×2); 12:9, 10) 2 Ch 32:27 cf. Ct 4:4 Ez 27:10; of scales of crocodile (leviathan) אֲפִיקֵי מָגִנִּים Jb 41:7; fig. of wicked’s defence against judgments of י׳, עֲבִי גַבֵּי מָגִנָּיו Jb 15:26; fig. of king ψ 89:19 (cf. Che); fig. of rulers of Ephraim Ho 4:18; fig. of rulers of earth ψ 47:10; fig. (very often) of י׳, as defence of his servants, ψ 3:4; 7:11 (read מָגִנִּי עָלַי אל׳ cf. Che crit. note) 18:3, 31, 36 (= 2 S 22:3, 31, 36) 28:7; 33:20; 59:12; 84:10, 12; 115:9, 10, 11; 119:114; 144:2 Pr 2:7; 30:5, and v. especially Gn 15:1 (E).

מָגַן

† [מָגַן] vb. only
Pi. deliver up, deliver (denom. from מָגֵן; on connex. of meanings cf. סָגַר)—Pf. מִגֵּן Gn 14:20; Impf. 3 fs. sf. תְּמַגְּנֶ֑ךָּ Pr 4:9 אֲמַגֶּנְךָ Ho 11:8;—deliver up to adversary Gn 14:20 Ho 11:8 + Is 64:6 𝔊 𝔖 𝔗 Ew Che al. וַתְּמַגְּנֵנוּ for MT וַתְּמוּגֵנוּ; also deliver, give, c. acc. & sf. of indirect obj. Pr 4:9.

מָגֵן²

מָגֵן, מִגֵּן, מְגִנָּה v. גנן.

מְגִנָּה

† [מְגִנָּה] n.f. covering, מְגִנַּת־לֵב La 3:65 covering of heart, i.e. a hard shell about the heart = obstinacy, so Ges (cf. Qor 6:25 وَجَعَلْنَا عَلَى قُلُوبِهِم أَكِنَّةً) RV; or, covering of the understanding, blindness of heart, so Ew Ke Näg Che.

מִגְעֶ֫רֶת

† מִגְעֶ֫רֶת n.f. rebuke Dt 28:20.

מִגְעֶ֫רֶת²

מִגְעֶ֫רֶת v. גער.

מַגֵּפָה

מַגֵּפָה v. נגף.

מַגֵּפָה²

† מַגֵּפָה n.f. blow, slaughter, plague, pestilence;—מ׳ abs. Nu 14:37 + 23 times; cstr. מַגֵּפַת Zc 14:15; pl. sf. מַגֵּפֹתַי Ex 9:14;—
1. blow, = fatal stroke Ez 24:16; in divine judgment (plague) Ex 9:14 (J).
2. slaughter in battle, 1 S 4:17; 2 S 17:9; 18:7.
3. plague, pestilence (divine judgment), of tumours on Philistines 1 S 6:4; against Isr Nu 14:37; 17:13, 14, 15; 25:8, 9, 18, 19; 31:16 2 S 24:21, 25 (ins. also v 15 𝔊 Th We Klo Dr Kit Bu), 1 Ch 21:22 ψ 106:29, 30; specif. disease of bowels 2 Ch 21:14; מ׳ = infected people 1 Ch 21:17; wasting of flesh, eyes and tongue, of hostile peoples Zc 14:12, 18; attacking beasts v 15^(×2).

מַגְפִּיעָשׁ

† מַגְפִּיעָשׁ n.pr.m. a chief of the people, Ne 10:21, 𝔊 Βαγαφης, A Μαιαφης, 𝔊L Μεγαιας.

מָגַר

† [מָגַר] vb. cast, throw, toss (Aramaic ܡܓܰܪ lapsus est et cecidit Lexx.; 𝔗 Pa מַגֵּר hurl down 2 K 9:33, overthrow);—
Qal Pt. pass. pl. cstr. מְגוּרֵי אֶל־חֶרֶב הָיוּ Ez 21:17 they are thrown to the sword (on cstr. before prep. v. Ges^{§ 130. 1} Da^{Synt. § 28 R 1}).
Pi. Pf. 2 ms. וְכִסְאוֹ לָאָרֶץ מִגַּֽ֯רְתָּה׃ ψ 89:45 and his throne to earth thou hast hurled.

מְגֵרָה

† מְגֵרָה n.f. saw (NH id., perhaps from its harsh dragging sound)—מְגֵרָה 2 S 12:31 a + 2 times; pl. מְגֵרוֹת 1 Ch 20:3 (< מַגְזְרוֹת 2 S 12:31 b)—saw, used in cutting stone מְגֹרָרוֹת בַּמְּגֵרָה 1 K 7:9; used in torture (or as tools for enforced labour) of captives 2 S 12:31 a 1 Ch 20:3a.

מְגֵרָה²

מְגֵרָה v. גרר.

מִגְרוֹן

† מִגְרוֹן n.pr.loc.
1. 1 S 14:2 district (?) near Gibeah (home of Saul), cf. Buhl^Geogr.176; 𝔊 Μαγων, 𝔊L Μαγεδδω (We thinks n.pr. not required, and proposes מִגְרָן (= 𝔖 גֹּרֶן threshing-floor; so Bu, but word not in Hebrew; Klo, improb., מִגְרָשׁ).
2. Is 10:28, place north of Michmash (and Gibeah), 𝔊 Μαγεδω, perhaps modern ruin Makrun Di^{ad loc.} Bd^{Pal. 3. 121} Buhl^l.c.

מִגְרָעָה

† [מִגְרָעָה] n.f. recess, rebatement (RV), i.e. ledge, only pl., נָתַן מִגְרָעוֹת לבית 1 K 6:6.

מִגְרָעָה²

[מִגְרָעָה], מִגְרָעוֹת v. גרע.

מֶגְרָפָה

† [מֶגְרָפָה] n.f. shovel (NH id.; Aramaic מַגְרוֹפִיתָא; Arabic مَجْرَفَةٌ (v. Lane)) only pl. מֶגְרְפֹתֵיהֶם Jo 1:17 (Thes clods, after Jewish interpreters, so AV RV, cf. however Me ^{Joel 100 f.}; 𝔊 Me ארותיהם their cribs, of cattle; meaning of clause dubious).

מֶגְרָפָה²

[מֶגְרָפָה] v. גרף.

מִגְרָשׁ

מִגְרָשׁ n.m. ^{Nu 35:2} common, common-land, open land (perhaps orig. pasture-land, as place of [cattle] driving)—abs. מ׳ Ez 45:2 + 2 times + Ez 48:15 (Co מגרשָׁהּ); cstr. מִגְרַשׁ Lv 25:34; 2 Ch 31:19; (on מִגְרָשָׁהּ Ez 36:5 cf. גרשׁ); elsewhere pl., abs. מִגְרשׁוֹת Ez 27:28 (Baer); Co מרעשׁת assumed from רָעַשׁ, cf. 𝔊; cstr. מִגְרְשֵׁי Nu 35:4 + 2 times; sf. מִגְרָשֶׁיהָ Jos 21:13^(×2) + 42 times; מִגְרָשֶׁהָ Jos 21:11 + 46 times in Jos 21 (generally —֑ or —֔ but also —֖ v 21); מִגְרְשֵׁיהֶם Nu 35:3 + 4 times; מִגְרְשֵׁיהֶן Nu 35:7 + 8 times—commonland, usually pl., and usually as attached to a city or town, especially as surrounding Levitical cities Nu 35:2, 3, 4, 5, 7 Jos 14:4; 21:2 + 55 times Jos 21 (all P; in Codd. & old Vrss. are two vv Jos 21, betw. v 35, 36, with מ׳ 4 times; om. Mass, Edd., Baer, but cf. Theile, & Di ad loc.); 1 Ch 6:40 + 40 times 1 Ch 6; 13:2; 2 Ch 11:14; so also שְׂדֵה מ׳ Lv 25:34 (P), שְׂדֵי מ׳ 2 Ch 31:19; lands surrounding the holy city Ez 48:15, 17; open land or space about the temple Ez 45:2; only 1 Ch 5:16 כל־מִגְרְשֵׁי שָׁרוֹן of (pasture-)lands in a district, cf. שׁרון.—Ez 27:28 מגרשׁות, if true text, = open country about Tyre (opp. sea, cf. context), but v. Da & cf. supr.

מִגְרָשׁ²

מִגְרָשׁ v. גרשׁ.

מַד

מַד v. מדד.

מַד²

[מַד] n.m. ^{1 S 4:12} measure, also cloth garment (as extended, wide);—sf. מַדּוֹ ψ 109:18; מִדּוֹ Lv 6:3 2 S 20:8 (מִדָּהּ Jb 11:9, v. sub מִדָּה); pl. מִדִּין Ju 5:10 (v. infr.), 2 S 21:20 Kt (Qr מָדוֹן; read perhaps מִדָּה, v. 1 Ch 20:6, cf. Dr); sf. מִדַּיִךְ Je 13:25; מַדָּיו 1 S 4:12 + 4 times;—
1. measure (only pl.) = apportionment Je 13:25, מְנָֽת־מִדַּיִךְ (of lot of Judah, ‖ גּוֹרָל); cf. lit. 2 S 21:20 Kt (but v. מִדָּה).
2. perhaps cloth, carpet (for sitting on), Ju 5:10 (so most, conj. from context; on pl. in ן, v. Ges^{§ 87 e}).
3. garment, outer garment Ju 3:16; 1 S 4:12, cf. (sim.) ψ 109:18; of fighting-attire 1 S 17:38 (c. vb. הִלְבִּשׁ), v 39 18:4; 2 S 20:8 (‖ לְבוּשׁ); of priest’s garment וְלָבַשׁ הַכֹּהֵן מִדּוֹ בַד Lv 6:3; cf. [מָדוּ, מַדְוֶה] sub מדה.

מִדְבָּר

† I. [מִדְבָּר] n.m. mouth, as organ of speech,—מִדְבָּרֵךְ נָאוֶה thy mouth is lovely Ct 4:3 ‖שִׂפְתוֹתַיִךְ, 𝔊 λαλιά, Jer eloquium.

מִדְבָּר²

II. מִדְבָּר₂₇₀ n.m. wilderness—Dt 32:10 +; c. ה loc. מִדְבָּ֫רָה Jos 18:12 + 15 times; cstr. Ex 15:22 +; מִדְבַּ֫רָה 1 K 19:15; sf. מִדְבָּרָהּ Is 51:3;—
1. tracts of land, used for the pasturage of flocks and herds, דָּֽשְׁאוּ נְאוֹת מִדְבָּר the pastures of the wilderness put forth green grass Jo 2:22; יִרְעֲפוּ נ׳ מ׳ the pastures of the wilderness drop (fertility) ψ 65:13; יָֽבְשׁוּ נ׳ מ׳ are dried up Je 23:10, cf. Je 9:9 Jo 1:19, 20.
2. uninhabited land, מִדְבָּר לֹא־אָדָם בּוֹ wilderness in which is no man Jb 38:26; the abode of pelicans ψ 102:7; wild asses Jb 24:5 Je 2:24; jackals Mal 1:3; ostriches Lam 4:3; מִי־יִתְּנֵנִי בַמִּדְבָּר מְלוֹן אֹרְחִים וְאֶֽעֶזְבָה אֶת־עַמִּי O that I had in the wilderness a lodging place of wayfarers, that I might leave my people Je 9:1; טוֹב שֶׁבֶת בְּאֶרֶץ מִדְבָּר better to dwell in a desert land, than with a contentious woman Pr 21:19; בְּאֶרֶץ מִדְבָּר וּבְתֹהוּ יְלֵל יְשִׁמֹן in a desert land, and in a waste howling wilderness Dt 32:10.
3. large tracts of such land bearing various names, in certain districts of which there might be towns and cities: יִשְׂאוּ מִדְבָּר וְעָרָיו חֲצֵרִים תֵּשֵׁב קֵדָר let the wilderness and its cities lift up (their voice), the villages that Kedar doth inhabit Is 42:11. There were six cities in the wilderness of Judah Jos 15:61, 62; הַמִּדְבָּר usually = wilderness of the wanderings Gn 14:6 Nu 14:16, 29, 32, 33^(×2) +, or the great Arabian desert Ju 11:22 +; but may also refer to any other Ct 3:6; 8:5. Special tracts—(a) of the wilderness of the wanderings were מ׳ שׁוּר Ex 15:22, סין Ex 16:1 +, סיני Ex 19:1 +, פארן Nu 13:26 +, צן Nu 20:1 +, קדשׁ ψ 29:8, אתם Nu 33:8; (b) in W. Pal. מ׳ יהודה Ju 1:16 ψ 63:1 cf. Jos 15:61, מעוֹן 1 S 23:24, 25, זיף 1 S 23:15; 26:2, באר שׁבע Gn 21:14, עין גדי 1 S 24:2, תקוע 2 Ch 20:20, ירואל 2 Ch 20:16, גבעון 2 S 2:24; (c) in East. Palestine מואב Dt 2:8, אדום 2 K 3:8, קדמות Dt 2:26.
4. fig. וְשַׂמְתִּיהָ כַמִּדְבָּר וְשַׁתִּהָ כְּאֶרֶץ צִיָּה and (lest I) make her as a wilderness and set her like a dry land Ho 2:5; הֲמִדְבָּר הָיִיתִי לְיִשְׂרָאֵל have I been a wilderness to Israel? Je 2:31.

מִדְבָּר³

I, II. מִדְבָּר v. דבר.

מָדַד

מָדַד₅₃ vb. measure (NH id.; Ph. מדד; Arabic مَدَّ extend, stretch, مُدٌّ a corn-measure, etc.; Assyrian madâdu, measure; Jew.-Aramaic n. מִידָּה measure, proportion, rule);—
Qal Pf. מ׳ (מָדָ֑ד) Is 40:12 + 9 times Ez; sf. מְדָדוֹ Ez 42:15, 20; 1 s. וּמַדֹּתִ֫י Is 65:7; וּמָֽדְדוּ consec. Dt 21:2; Ez 43:10; וּמַדֹּתֶם consec. Nu 35:5; Impf. וַיָּ֫מָד Ru 3:15 + 22 times Ez; 2 ms. תָּמוֹד Ez 45:3; וַיָּמֹ֫דּוּ Ex 16:18; תָּמֹ֫דּוּ Ez 47:18; Inf. לָמֹד Zc 2:6;—measure, chiefly lit. (usually sq.acc. rei; obj. om. Ex 16:18; Dt 21:2; Ez 40:35, cf. 47:18 (but v. Co); sq. acc. of measure Ru 3:15; Ez 42:19; 47:3, 4^(×2), 5);— 1. measure of length, distance Nu 35:5 (P), Dt 21:2 (D), Ez 40:5, 6, 8, 20 + 32 times Ez 40—47; Zc 2:6. 2. of dry measure Ex 16:18 (P), Ru 3:15. 3. fig. of measuring waters Is 40:12 (of י׳); of requital Is 65:7.
†Niph. Impf. יִמַּד Ho 2:1; Je 33:22; יִמַּדּוּ Je 31:37;—be measured, of sand of sea Ho 2:1 Je 33:22; of heavens Je 31:37.
†Pi. Pf. וּמִדַּד־ consec. Jb 7:4 (cf. Ges^{§52, 2. R. 1}); Impf. וַיְמַדֵּד 2 S 8:2; וַיְמַדְּדֵם v 2; אֲמַדֵּד ψ 60:8; 108:8;— 1. extend, continue (= make extent or continuation), subj. עֶרֶב Jb 7:4. 2. measure, measure off, בַחֶבֶל, of apportioning Moabites to death and life, sq. sf. 8:2; also obj. חֲבָלִים v 2; metaph. of conquest, sq. acc., ψ 60:8 = 108:8 (‖ חִלֵּק).
Po. Impf. וַיְמֹ֫דֶד Hb 3:6 (subj. God, obj. אֶרֶץ), measured (viz. with eye) 𝔙 Hi AV RV, but dub.; 𝔊 ἐσαλεύθη, 𝔗 אֲזִיעַ, hence shook Ew Ke Or al. (from √ [מוֹד =] מוֹט, but read then rather וַיְמֹטֵט, although מוט not elsewhere in this conj.; We, plausibly, וַיְמֹגֵג √ מוג, cf. Na 1:5).
†Hithpo. וַיִּתְמֹדֵד sq. עַל־הַיֶּ֫לֶד; 1 K 17:21 measured (= extended, stretched) himself upon the boy.

מדה

מדה (secndary form of מדד; √ of foll.)

מִדָּה

† I. מִדָּה n.f. measure, measurement, stature, size, garment (mostly late)—מ׳ Ex 26:2 + 35 times; cstr. מִדַּת Ez 40:21 + 2 times; pl. מִדּוֹת Ez 41:17 + 12 times; מִדּוֹתָיו ψ 133:2; מִדּוֹתֶיהָ 48:16;—
1. measure, act of measurement, i.e. long measure Ez 41:17 (del. Co), 42:15; 48:30, 33; cf. Jos 3:4 (P), 1 Ch 23:29, v. also Lv 19:35 (H); once of liquid measure, fig., Jb 28:25; קַו֯ה הַמּ׳ Je 31:39 measuring-line; חֶבֶל מ׳ Zc 2:5 (id.); קְנֵה הַמּ׳ measuring-reed Ez 40:3, 5; 42:16 (del. Co), v 16, 17, 18, 19.
2. measurement, size of curtains in tabern. Ex 26:2, 8; 36:9, 15 (all P); cf. 1 K 6:25; 7:37 (both ‖ קֶצֶב), v 9, 11 2 Ch 3:3 Ez 40:10^(×2), 21, 22, 24, 28, 29, 32, 33, 35; 43:13; 46:22; 48:16; once of time, מִדַּת יָמַי ψ 39:5; prob. also Jb 11:9 (fig. of God’s wisdom) where מִדָּהּ = מִדָּתָהּ, cf. Sta^{§ 347, c. 2}; בֵּית מִדּוֹת = house of size Je 22:14; אִישׁ מִדָּה = man of size, stature, 1 Ch 11:23; 20:6; so also prob. ‖ 2 S 21:20 (for ℌ מדין, Qr מָדוֹן, v. [מַד]), We Dr Kit Bu; pl. Nu 13:32 Is 45:14.
3. measured portion, extent, stretch (of wall) Ne 3:11, 19, 20, 21, 24, 27, 30, cf. Ez 45:3.
4. garment (pl. poet.) ψ 133:2.

מִדָּה²

† II. מִדָּה n.f. tribute (loan-word from Assyrian mandattu, id., √ nadânu = נָתַן Dl^{HWB 451}, cf. Schr^{COT Ezr 4; 13}; also in Biblical Aramaic מִנְדָּה, מִדָּה id.);—מִדַּת הַמֶּלֶךְ Ne 5:4.

מַדְהֵבָה

† מַדְהֵבָה Is 14:4, read מַרְהֵבָה v. רהב.

מָ֫דוּ

† [מָ֫דוּ] ii. [מַדְוֶה] n.m. garment;—pl. sf. מַדְוֵיהֶם 2 S 10:4 = 1 Ch 19:4.

מַדְוֶה

† I. [מַדְוֶה] n.m. ^{Dt 7:15} sickness—cstr. sg. מַדְוֵה מִצְרַיִם Dt 28:60 (read מַדְוֵי pl., as 7:15?); cstr. pl. מַדְוֵי מִצְרַיִם Dt 7:15 (both ‖ חֳלִי).

מַדְוֶה²

† I. מַדְוֶה v. דוה.

מַדּוּחַ

† [מַדּוּחַ] n.[m.] a thing to draw aside, enticement (cf. √ Hiph. 3, 4);—pl. מַדּוּחִם La 2:14, וַיֶּחֱזוּ לָךְ מַשְֿׂאוֹת שָׁוְא וּמ׳ (cf. ‖ שָׁוְא וְתָפֵל v a).

מַדּוּחִים

מַדּוּחִים v. נדח.

מָדוֹן

† I. מָדוֹן n.m. ^{Pr 22:10} strife, contention—ψ 80:7 + 9 times; pl. מִדְיָנִים Pr 18:18, מִדְ֯וָנִים Pr 18:19 + 7 times; contracted into מְדָנִים Pr 6:19; 10:12, מִדֳ֯נִים Pr 6:14; cstr. מִדְיְנֵי Pr 19:13.
1. strife, contention, alm. wholly Pr:—Pr 18:19; 23:29; 26:20; also 17:14 (‖ רִיב), 22:10 (‖ דִּין וְקָלוֹן); מ׳ יִשָּׂא Hb 1:3 contention ariseth (‖ ריב); שׁלּח מ׳ let loose strife Pr 6:14, 19; 16:28; יְגָרֶה מ׳ he stirreth up strife 15:18; 28:25; 29:22; note especially אִישׁ מִדְוָ֯נִים 26:21 = a contentious, quarrelsome man; oftener אֵשֶׁת מ׳ = a contentious woman 21:9; 25:24; 27:15, cf. אֵשֶׁת מ׳ וָכָ֑עַס 21:19.
2. object of contention ψ 80:7, cf. אִישׁ מָדוֹן Je 15:10 (‖ אִישׁ רִיב).—On מָדוֹן 2 S 21:20 Qr, v. i. מִדָּה sub מדד.

מָדוֹן²

† II. מָדוֹן n.pr.loc. a royal city of the Canaanites Jos 11:1; 12:19; 𝔊 Μαρρν, Μαδων, Λαμορων;= Madîn. close to Hattîn, Survey^{i. 365}, dub.; a village Maron lies 2 hours WSW. from Kedesh, van deVelde^{Mem 146}, cf. Di.

מָדוֹן³

I, II. מָדוֹן v. דין.

מָדוֹן⁴

† III. מָדוֹן n.[m.] 2 S 21:20 Qr, v. i. מִדָּה.

מַדּוּעַ

מַדּוּעַ₆₁ and (Ez 18, 19) מַדֻּעַ adv. wherefore? (prob. contr. from מַה־יָּדוּעַ what being known? i.e. from what motive? so Ges Ew^{§ 325 c} Ol^{§ 222 f}, cf. in Gk. τί μαθών;)—wherefore? on what account? Gn 26:27 מַדּוּעַ בָּאתֶם אֵלָ֑י, 40:7 Ex 1:18; 2:18; 3:3 (in an indirect question), 5:14; 18:14 Lv 10:17 Jos 17:14 (all in Hex), Ju 5:28^(×28) 2 S 3:7; 11:10 etc., Is 5:4; 50:2; 63:2 (all in Is.); in Jer. 16 times, often rhetorically, after a double question introduced by הֲ … אִם, expressing affected surprise: †2:14 (v. Gf) is Israel a slave (unable to defend himself)? wherefore, then, is he become a prey? (some other cause must therefore be found for Israel’s misfortune), v 31; 8:5, 19, 22; 14:19; 22:28; 49:1, cf. 30:6; Jb 3:12; 18:3 (never in ψ).

מַדּוּעַ²

מַדּוּעַ v. ידע, p. 396.

מְדוּרָה

† מְדוּרָה n.f. pile (of wood, etc.) מ׳ Ez 24:9; מְדֻרָתָהּ אֵשׁ ועצים הרבה Is 30:33 = pyre (so Ges Hi De Che Brd; Ew Di its circuit, compass).

מְדוּרָה²

מְדוּרָה v. דור.

מִדְחֶה

† מִדְחֶה n.m. means or occasion of stumbling, Pr 26:28 פֶּה־חָלָק יַעֲשֶׂה מ׳ (‖ לְשׁוֹן־שֶׁקֶר יִשְׂנָא דַכָּו).

מִדְחֶה²

מִדְחֶה v. דחה.

מַדְחֵפָה

† [מַדְחֵפָה] n.f. thrust, ψ 140:12 יְצוּדֶנּוּ לְמַדְחֵפֹת (evil) shall hunt him with thrust upon thrust (Che, cf. De).

מַדְחֵפָה²

[מַדְחֵפָה], מַדְחֵפֹת v. דחף.

מַדַּי

מַדַּי (i.e. מַה־דַּי) 2 Ch 30:3, v. מה 1e. מִדֵּי v. דַּי.

מָדִי

† מָדִי adj.gent. Mede, Median, דָּֽרְיָוֶשׁ הַמָּדִ֑י Dn 11:1.

מָדַי

† מָדַי n.pr.gent. et terr. Medes, Media (OPers. Mâda Sp^APK, Assyrian Madai COT^{Gloss, and on Gn 10:2} Dl^{Par. 247});—
1. people, as ‘son’ of Japhet Gn 10:2 (P) = 1 Ch 1:5; as hostile power Is 13:17; 21:2; זֶרַע מָדַי Dn 9:1; land and people, מַלְכֵי מָדַי Je 25:25 (+ מַלְכֵי עֵילָם), 51:11, 28; מַלְכֵי מ׳ וּפָרַס Est 10:2; Dn 8:20; cf. פָּרַס וּמָדַי Est 1:3, 14, 18, 19; 𝔊 Μαδαι.
2. of land alone = Media 2 K 17:6; 18:11 (both עָרֵי מָדָ֑י).

מִדְיָן

מִדְיָן n.pr.m.
1. son of Abraham and Keturah Gn 25:2, 4 (J) 1 Ch 1:32, 33.
2. an Arabian tribe Gn 36:35 (= 1 Ch 1:46) Nu 31:3^(×2), 7, 8^(×2), 9 (P) Ju 6—9 (31 times); having a כֹּהֵן (as chieftain?) Ex 2:16; 3:1; 18:1 (E); זקנים Nu 22:4, 7 (JE), נשׂיא(ים) Nu 25:18 (P) Jos 13:21 (P), שׂרים Ju 7:25; 8:3, מלכים Nu 31:8^(×2) Ju 5:5, 12, 26; בִּכְרֵי מִדְיָן dromedaries of Midian Is 60:6; יוֹם מִדְיָן day of Midian Is 9:3 (the victory over Midian Ju 7—8) cf. 10:26 ψ 83:10.
3. אֶרֶץ מִדְיָן the land of Midian Ex 2:15 (E) Hb 3:7; מִדְיָן Ex 4:19 (J) Nu 25:15 (P) 1 K 11:18; land of Ælantic gulf (where Arabic geographers still place town مدين). Cf. on Midian, Glaser^{Skizze ii. 447 ff.}; Hom^{Aufsätze i. (1892), 4 f.}

מִדִּין

† מִדִּין n.pr.loc. city of Judah Jos 15:61, site unknown, A Μαθων; 𝔊L Μαδδειν.

מִדְיָן²

מִדְיָן, מִדְיָנִי ; מְדִינָה v. דין.

מִדִּין²

† מִדִּין n.pr.loc. in wilderness of Judah Jos 15:61.

מְדִינָה

† מְדִינָה n.f. province (an Aramaic word, cf. Syriac ܡܕܝܺܢܻܬܳܐ, Arabicمَدِينَةٌ city) cf. also Old Aramaic מדינתא city, Palm. מדיתא city, sf. מדיתהון, pl. מדינתא SAC⁷⁰ Lzb³⁰⁶ Cooke ²⁶⁶. Est 1:1 + 28 times; pl. מְדִינוֹת 1 K 20:14 + 23 times;—a district of an empire,
1. districts of realm of Ahab with שׂרים over them 1 K 20:14, 15, 17, 19.
2. of the Babylonian empire: Ez 19:8; Dn 8:2 (of Elam); שָׂרָתִי בַּמְּדִינוֹת princess among the provinces La 1:1 (of Judea).
3. of the Persian empire Est 1:1 + often; one of which was Palestine, Ne 1:3; the returning exiles, בְּנֵי הַמְּדִינָה children of the province Ezr 2:1 Ne 7:6, having רָאשֵׁי הַמְּדִינָה Ne 11:3.
4. provinces in general Ec 2:8; 5:7; בְּמִשְׁמַנֵּי מְדִינָה in the fat places of the province Dn 11:24 (fertile regions, prob. Egypt; other trans. vid. in Bev.)

מִדְיָנִי

† מִדְיָנִי adj.gent. Midianite—Nu 10:29 (J); f. מִדְיָנִית Nu 25:6, 14, 15 (P); pl. מִדְיָנִים Gn 37:28 (JE) Nu 25:17; 31:2 (P), מְדָנִים Gn 37:36 (E).

מִדְיָנִים

מִדְיָנִים v. i. מדון.

מְדֹכָה

† מְדֹכָה n.f. mortar, Nu 11:8.

מְדֹכָה²

מְדֹכָה v. דוך.

מַדְמֵן

† מַדְמֵן n.pr.loc. in Moab Je 48:2 (on text, however, cf. Che Is 25:10).

מַדְמֵן²

מַדְמֵן i, ii. מַדְמֵנָה, מַדְמַנָּה v. דמן.

מַדְמנָה

† II. מַדְמנָה n.pr.loc. in Benjamin, N. of Jeruslem Is 10:31.

מַדְמֵנָה

† I. מַדְמֵנָה n.f. dung-place, dung-pit, במי מ׳ Is 25:10 (Qr בְּמוֹ מ׳).

מַדְמַנָּה

† מַדְמַנָּה 1. n.pr.loc. city of southern Judah Jos 15:31; loc. dub., Onom. Μηδεβηνα = Μηνοεις near Gaza Lag^{Onom. 279, 2nd ed. 276}; cf. Minyay S. of Gaza Rob^{BR i. 602}; on other proposed identif. cf. Di
2. n.pr.m. descendant of Caleb 1 Ch 2:49.

מְדָן

† מְדָן n.pr.m. 1. son of Abraham and Keturah Gn 25:2 1 Ch 1:32.

מְדָן²

מְדָן v. דין.

מְדָנִים

מְדָנִים v. i. מדון, מִדְיָנִי.

מַדָּע

† מַדָּע n.m. ^{2 Ch 1:12} knowledge, thought (late); מַדָּע 2 Ch 1:10 + 4 times; מַדָּֽעֲךָ Ec 10:20;—
1. knowledge (‖ חָכְמָה) of Solomon, 2 Ch 1:10, 11, 12 Dn 1:4 (‖ חָכְמָה and דַּעַת), v 7 (‖ הַשְׂכֵּל).
2. place of knowledge, mind, (in our idiom also) thought Ec 10:20.