Brown-Driver-Briggs Lexicon
ג
ג — גְּדוֹר
ג
ג, גּ Gîmel, third letter; in postB Heb. = numeral 3 (and so margin of printed MT); ג̈ = 3000; no evidence of this usage in OT times.
גֵּא
גֵּא v. sub. נאה.
גֵּא²
† גֵּא adj. proud, scribal error for גֵּאֶה Is 16:6 (as in Je 48:29).
גֵּאֶה
† גֵּאֶה adj. proud, Jb 40:11, 12 Is 2:12 Je 48:29; pl. גֵּאִים ψ 94:2; 140:6 Pr 15:25; 16:19; cstr. גְּאֵי ψ 123:4 Qr גאי יונים (> Kt גאייונים), yet cf. De al.
גֵּאָה
† גֵּאָה n.f. pride, Pr 8:13.
גָּאָה
† גָּאָה vb. rise up (Aramaic Pe. (𝔗 1 S 2:5) & often Ethiopic אֶתְגָּאֵי, ܐܶܬܓܰܠܻܝ be boastful, proud, cf. also NH)—
Qal Pf. ג׳ Ex 15:1, 21, גָּאוּ Ez 47:5; Impf. יִגְאֶה Jb 8:11; 10:16, Inf. abs. גָּאֹה Ex 15:1, 21;— 1. rise up, of waters Ez 47:5. 2. grow up, of plants Jb 8:11. 3. be lifted up, exalted, of head Jb 10:16, of י׳ in triumph Ex 15:1, 21.
גְּאוּאֵל
† גְּאוּאֵל n.pr.m. (majesty of Ēl) the spy of the tribe of Gad Nu 13:15.
גַּאֲוָה
† גַּאֲוָה n.f. majesty, pride (cf. Syriac ܓܰܐܝܽܘܬܳܐ )—Jb 41:7 + 6 times; cstr. גַּאֲוַת Pr 29:23 + 2 times; sf. גַּאֲוָתִי Is 13:3 + 8 times;—
1. rising up, swelling of the sea ψ 46:4.
2. majesty, of Israel Dt 33:29, Moab Is 16:6 = Je 48:29, scales of crocodile Jb 41:7, of God Dt 33:26 ψ 68:35.
3. pride, haughtiness ψ 10:2; 31:19, 24; 36:12; 73:6 Pr 14:3; 29:23 Is 9:8; 13:11; 25:11; עליזי גאותי my proudly exulting ones Is 13:3 cf. Zp 3:11.
גְּאוּלִים
† גְּאוּלִים Is 63:4, in שְׁנַת גְּאוּלַי, n.abstr. redemption, according to 𝔊 𝔖 𝔙 Ges Hi De MV Che Di RVm; then either pl. abstr. sf. year of (my) redemption (so most); or abstr. form. in י—, after Syriac analogy, Lag Symm. ii. 101 f. Sem. i. 19, 68. BN 192 (𝔊 om. my); but < Pt. pass. pl. sf. my ransomed (released) ones Ew Br Brd AV RV cf. sub גאל supra.
גָּאוֹן
† גָּאוֹן n.m. Ho 5:5 exaltation—Jb 40:10 + 5 times; cstr. גְּאוֹן Lv 26:19 + 31 times; sf. גְּאוֹנְךָ etc. Ex 15:7 + 9 times; pl. sf. גְּאוֹנָ֑יִךְ Ez 16:56;—
1. exaltation, majesty, excellence, a. of nations, their wealth, power, magnificence of buildings, e.g. Egypt Ez 32:12, Chaldeans Is 13:11, 19; 14:11, Philistines Zc 9:6, Assyria Zc 10:11, Jacob; ψ 47:5 Am 6:8; 8:7 Na 2:3, Israel Ho 5:5; 7:10 (prob. appellation of י׳), Na 2:3, Judah Je 13:9, Jerusalem v 9 Ez 16:56; גְּאוֹן עֻזָּהּ pride of her strength Ez 30:6, 18; 33:28; גאון עזים Ez 7:24 (but 𝔊 Ew Hi Co read עזם); גאון עזכם Lv 26:19; Ez 24:21; the fruit of land of Judah will become לגאון ולתפארת majestic and beautiful Is 4:2; גאון כל צבי the majesty of all the splendour (of Tyre) Is 23:9; Zion is to become גאון עולם an everlasting excellency Is 60:15. b. of God Ex 15:7; Is 24:14; Mi 5:3; הֲדַר גְּאֹנוֹ Is 2:10, 19, 21; יַרְעֵם בְּקוֹל גְּאוֹנוֹ Jb 37:4; עֲדֵה נָא גָּאוֹן וָגֹבַהּ Jb 40:10. c. גאון הירדן majesty of the Jordan, referring to the green and shady banks, clothed with willows, tamarisks, and cane, in which the lions made their covert Je 49:19; 50:44; Zc 11:3, and therefore dangerous Je 12:5 (Ew thinks of the swelling of its agitated waters); גְּאוֹן גַּלֶּיךָ majesty of thy waves Jb 38:11.
2. pride (bad sense) Jb 35:12 ψ 59:13; Pr 8:13; 16:18; Ez 7:20; 16:49 Zp 2:10; of Moab Is 16:6(×2) = Je 48:29(×2).
גֵּאוּת
† גֵּאוּת n.f. majesty, ψ 93:1 + 7 times;—
1. lifting up גֵּאוּת עָשָׁן column of smoke Is 9:17; גֵּאוּת הַיָּם swelling of the sea ψ 89:10.
2. majesty of God ψ 93:1; Is 26:10; גֵּאוּת עָשָׂה he hath done majestically Is 12:5; עֲטֶרֶת גֵּאוּת crown of majesty Is 28:1, 3 (Samaria, on a round hill majestically commanding the country).
3. pride דִּבְּרוּ בְגֵאוּת they speak proudly ψ 17:10; so for נְאוֹת 74:20 Bi Che.
גַּאֲיוֹן
† [גַּאֲיוֹן] adj. proud, גאייונים ψ 123:4 (Kt cf. Baer’s note, yet read prob. גַּאֲיוֹנִים; but Qr better, גְּאֵי יוֹנִים proudest oppressors, v. גֵּאֶה).
גֵּאָיוֹת
גֵּאָיוֹת v. גַּיְא.
גאייונים
גאייונים v. foregoing, and also גֵּאֶה.
גָּאַל
† I. גָּאַל vb. redeem, act as kinsman (NH, Niph. be redeemed; also גּוֹאֵל, גְּאוּלָּה)—
Qal Pf. ג׳, etc. Is 44:23 + 14 times; Impf. יִגְאַל, etc. Lv 25:33 + 18 times; Imv. גְּאַל, etc. Ru 4:6 + 3 times; Inf. abs. גָּאֹל Lv 27:13 + 2 times cstr. לִגְאוֹל Ru 4:4 + 2 times; sf. לְגָאֳלֵךְ Ru 3:13; Pt. גֹּאֵל Lv 25:26 + 24 times, גּוֹאֵל Is 59 ψ 103:4; sf. גֹּאַלְךָ Is 48:17, גֹּאֲלֵךְ Is 54:8 (sf. 19 times); pass. pl. גְּאוּלִים, etc. Is 35:9 + 4 times;— 1. act as kinsman, do the part of next of kin (chiefly in D H P Ru.), גֹּאֵל kinsman Lv 25:25 (H) Nu 5:8; 35:12 (P) Ru 2:20; 3:9, 12; 4:1, 3, 6, 8, 14 1 K 16:11. a. in taking a kinsman’s widow אם יגאלך טוב יגאל ואם לא יחפץ לגאלך וגאלתיך if he will do thee the kinsman’s part (raise up children by the widow) well, let him do the kinsman’s part; but if he is not pleased to do thee the kinsman’s part then I will do thee the kinsman’s part Ru 3:13; b. in redeeming from bondage Lv 25:48, 49 (H); c. in redeeming a field Lv 25:26, 23 (H) Ru 4:4, 6, d. claim as kinsman Jb 3:5; e. גֹּאֵל הַדָּם the avenger of blood Nu 35:19, 21, 24, 25, 27(×2) Jos 20:3, 5 (?; notin 𝔊) v 9 (P). Dt 19:6, 12 (D) 2 S 14:11. 2. redeem, by payment of value assessed, of consecrated things, by the original owner Lv 27:13, 15, 19, 20, 31 (P). 3. redeem, with God as subj. implying personal relationship, chiefly in poetry:— a. individuals, from death ψ 103:4 La 3:58 Ho 13:14; מכל רע Gn 48:16 (E poetry), נפשׁ ψ 69:19; 72:14, orphans Pr 23:11; Je 50:34, ריבה ריבי וגאלני ψ 119:154, גֹּאֲלִי Jb 19:25, צוּרִי וְגֹאֲלִי ψ 19:15. b. Israel, from Egyptian bondage Ex 6:6 (P?) 15:13 (song) ψ 74:2; 77:16; 78:35, מיד אויב ψ 106:10. c. from exile (chiefly Is 3, the vb. not in Is 1) Is 43:1; 44:22, 23; 48:20; 52:9; 63:9 Mi 4:10, מיד ψ 107:2; Je 31:11; Yahweh is גֹּאֵל Is 41:14; 43:14; 44:6, 24; 47:4; 48:17; 49:7, 26; 54:5, 8; 59:20; 60:16; 63:16; and the people גְּאוּלִים Is 35:9; 51:10; 62:12; 63:4 (cf. גְּאוּלַי infr.), ψ 107:2.
Niph. Pf. נִגְאָ֑ל Lv 25:49; Lv Impf. יִגָּאֵל Lv 25:30 + 5 times; תִּגָּאֵ֑לוּ Is 52:3;— 1. refl. redeem oneself Lv 25:49 (H). 2. pass. be redeemed, a. field Lv 25:30 (H), slave Lv 25:54 (H); b. consecrated things Lv 27:20, 27, 28, 33 (P); c. Jerusalem by Yahweh Is 52:3.
גֹּ֫אֶל
† [גֹּ֫אֶל] n.[m.] defiling, defilement, גָּֽאֳלֵי הַכְּהֻנָּה Ne 13:29.
גָּאַל²
† II. [גָּאַל] vb. defile, late (cf. גָּעַל)—
Niph. Pf. 3 mpl. נְגֹאֲלוּ Is 59:3 La 4:14, on form v. Ges§ 51 h, Köi 265; Pt. נִגְאָלָה Zp 3:1;—be defiled, hands with blood בַּדָּם, Is 59:3 cf. La 4:14; pt. as subst. defiled, polluted one Zp 3:1 of Jerusalem (‖ מֹֽרְאָה; appos. הָעִיר הַיּוֹנָה).
Pi. Pf. 1 pl. sf. גֵּאַלְנוּךָ Mal 1:7 pollute, desecrate, obj. י׳ (desecrated in his altar).
Pu. Impf. וַיְגֹאֲלוּ מִן־הַכְּהֻנָּה Ezr 2:62 = Ne 7:64 cstr. pregn. and they were desecrated out of the priesthood, i.e. deposed, as desecrated ones; Pt. מְגֹאָל of bread laid on Yahweh’s altar Mal 1:7; of Yahweh’s altar (table, שֻׁלְחָן) v 12.
Hiph. Pf. 1 s. אֶגְאָ֑לְתִּי Is 63:3 (on Aramaic form v. Köi 27 Ges§ 53 R. 6 but) read perhaps גֵּאָ֑לְתִּי Pi., v. GFMThLZ 1887, 292 cf. also Gesl.c. N. Ol§ 255 b Sta§ 159 b, 3;—I have polluted, i.e. stained, all my raiment,
Hithp. Impf. יִתְגָּאַל Dn 1:8; יִתְגָּאָ֑ל v 8;—defile himself.
גְּאֻלָּה
† גְּאֻלָּה14 n.f. kin (?), redemption—Lv 25:24 + 5 times; cstr. גְּאֻלַּת Lv 25:32; sf. גְּאֻלָּתִי Ru 4:6, גְּאֻלָּתֶ֑ךָ Ez 11:15, גְּאֻלָּתוֹ Lv 25:26 + 4 times;—
1. kin, אַנְשֵׁי גְּאֻלָּתֶ֑ךָ men of thy kindred Ez 11:15 RV Thes Hi al.; but 𝔊 𝔖 Ew Co א׳ גלותך thy fellow-exiles.
2. redemption, of field Lv 25:24 (H) Ru 4:7.
3. right of redemption Lv 25:29, 31, 32, 48 (H) Ru 4:6 Je 32:8 = משׁפט הגאלה Je 32:7.
4. price of redemption Lv 25:26, 51, 52 (H).
גֵּב
I. [גֵּב] locust, v. sub גבה.
גַּב
גַּב back, etc., v. sub גבב.
גָּב
[גָּב], גָּבִים v. גוב p. 155.
גֹּב
גֹּב, גּוֹב n.pr.loc. v. sub גבב.
גֵּב²
II. [גֵּב] pit, iii. [גֵּב] beam, v. sub גוב.
גַּב²
† גַּב n.m.? cf. Ez 43:13 (f. Ez 1:18) anything convex, curved, gibbous, e.g. back, chiefly late;—abs. גָּ֑ב Ez 16:24; cstr. גַּב Ez 43:13 (read גֹּבַהּ 𝔊 Ew Sm Co); sf. גַּבִּי ψ 129:3, גַּבֵּךְ Ez 16:31, 39; pl. cstr. גַּבֹּת Lv 14:9, גַּבֵּי Jb 13:12; 15:26; sf. גַּבֵּיהֶם 1 K 7:33, גַּבֵּהֶם Ez 10:12, גַּבֵּיהֶן Ez 1:18, גַּבֹּתָם Ez 1:18;—
1. back, of man (fig. of Isr.) ψ 129:3; appar. of cherubim Ez 10:12, but Hi Sm emend v. so that גּ׳ ref. to wheels, rim v. 6 infr.
2. mound, for illicit worship Ez 16:24, 34, 39 (all ‖ רמה); 𝔊 𝔙 lupanar, brothel, after analogy of fornix, but this without sufficient proof, & needless.
3. boss, or convex projection, of shield Jb 15:26 (fig.) he runneth against him … with the stout bosses of his shields (i.e. wicked against י׳); so ظهر in Arabic in similar phrase; cf. also Arabic جَوْبٌ, shield; also French bouclier from boucle.
4. bulwarks, breastworks, fig. for arguments לְגַבֵּי־חֹמֶר גַּבֵּיכֶם Jb 13:12 breastworks of clay are your breastworks.
5. brow, only גַּבֹּת עֵינָיו Lv 14:9 his eyebrows.
6. rim of wheel, felloe 1 K 7:33; Ez 1:18(×2); so perhaps 10:12 v. 1 supr.—Ez 43:13; elevation, i.e. basement of altar, Da after MT., but v. גֹּבַהּ, cf. supr.
גֹּב²
† גֹּב 2 S 21:18, גּוֹב v 19 n.pr.loc. (cf. Aramaic גֻּבָּא den, and ܓܘܽܒܳܐ, Arabic جُبٌّ, Ethiopic ግብ Assyrian gubbu, well, cistern, v. גבב)—field of battle with Philistines 2 S 21:18 = גֶּזֶר in ‖ 1 Ch 20:4 (so here Th Ew; cf. Jos 10:33), but = גַּת 𝔊 𝔖 2 S 21:18 (𝔊L Γαζεθ); 2 S 21:9 (om. ‖ 1 Ch 20:5), 𝔊 Ρομ, Ροβ; Klo Gath; in v 16 We Dr (q.v.) read בְּגֹב for בְּנֹב; site of Gob (si vera l.) unknown.
גֵּב³
† II. [גֵּב] n.[m.] pit, ditch, trench (Arabic جَوْبَةٌ hollow, depression; Syriac ܓܽܘܒܳܐ cistern)—only pl. גֵּבִים Je 14:3; in 2 K 3:16 גבים גבים, i.e. full of ditches; further, cisterns (according to Klo 2 K 25:12) Je 39:10 וִיגֵבִים (read וְגֵבִים) cf. also ‖ 2 K 25:12 (ולגבים Kt, וּלְיוֹגְבִים Qr) = Je 52:16 (וּלְיֹגְבִים; both c. כֹּרְמִים); Klo proposes to emend these, so as to read in all וַיִּתֵּן לָהֶם כְּרָמִים וְגֵבִים and gave to them vineyards and cisterns; another view in Th; cf. further גוב, יגב.—i. גֵּב v. sub גבה.
גֵּב⁴
† III. [גֵּב] n.[m.] beam, rafter? (Thes sub גוב, but meaning & √ dub.), גֵּבִים 1 K 6:9; but LagArmen. Stud. § 499, M i.212; BN 155 reads גֻּבְּדִים (Pers. گنبد, Armen. γμβεθ) vaulted roofs.
גבא
גבא (cf. Arabic جَبَأَ, جَبِئَ restrain or withhold oneself; perhaps = جَبَا collect (water in a cistern, also tributate), so Lane جَبَى 1. ad fin., Fl NHWBi. 431; v. also NH גבי, גָּבָה, Aramaic גְּבָא, ܓܒܳܐ collect debts, taxes, etc.)
גֶּ֫בֶא
† גֶּ֫בֶא n.m. Ez 47:11 cistern, pool (cf. Arabic جَابِيَةٌ watering-trough)—
1. cistern מֵיִם מִגֶּ֑בֶא Is 30:14.
2. pool, marsh גְּבָאָיו Ez 47:13 (‖ בִּצֹּאתָ֯ו).
גבב
גבב (prob. be curved, convex, elevated, Aramaic גִּבְּבָא hill; be) or make hollow, dig, Arabic جَبَّ cut off or out, جُبٌّ, Aramaic גֹּב, Ethiopic ግብ Assyrian gubbu,—all = cistern; cf. e.g. Assyrian gubbâni ša mê cisterns of water, Asrb.Annals Col. viii. 102, KBii. 220; v. n.pr. גֹּב infr.
גבה
גבה (collect, Arabic جَبَا (= جَبَأَ ?, cf. גבא supr.), NH גְּבי, גָּבָה, Aramaic גְּבָא, ܓܒܳܐ; ‖ form גבא q.v.)
גֵּבֶה
† I. [גֵּבֶה] n.[p.] locust (name from swarm, collection, Ethiopic ጉባኤ cf. also Ethiopic አንበጣ locust √ = Arabic نَبَطَ scaturivit, manavit), only pl. גֵּבִים Is 33:4 (in sim. of leaping).—גֵּב ii, iii, v. sub גוב.
גָּבַהּ
גָּבַהּ vb. be high, exalted (NH id. (Hiph.), Aramaic גְּבַהּ, cf. Arabic جَبْهَةٌ forehead, جَبَةٌ prominence of forehead; compare perhaps also Assyrian gabâni, heights (?) LotzTP 133)—
Qal Pf. ג׳ 2 Ch 26:16 + 5 times; גָּֽבְהָא֯ Ez 31:5 (א = ה); גָּבַהְתָּ Ez 31:10, גָּֽבְהוּ Jb 35:5 + 3 times; Impf. יִגְבַּהּ Pr 18:12 + 5 times; sf. יִגְבְּהוּ Ez 31:14, יִגְבָּ֑הוּ Jb 36:7, תִּגְבָּ֑הוּ Je 13:15, תִּגְבְּהֶינָה Ez 16:50; Inf. כִּגְבֹהַּ ψ 103:11, לְגָבְהָה Zp 3:11;— 1. be high, lofty, tall, e.g. tree Ez 19:11; 31:5, 10, 14, heavens Jb 35:5 Is 55:9 ψ 103:11, man 1 S 10:23. 2. be exalted, of man in dignity and honour Jb 36:7, of servant of Yahweh Is 52:13, God Is 5:16, God’s ways Is 55:9. 3. lofty גָּבַהּ לִבּוֹ:— a. in a good sense, encouraged in the ways of Yahweh 2 Ch 17:6; b. elsewhere in a bad sense, be haughty ψ 131:1 Pr 18:12 2 Ch 26:16; 32:25 Ez 28:2, 5, 17, and so without לב Is 3:16 Je 13:15 Ez 16:50 Zp 3:11.
Hiph. Pf. הִגְבַּהְתִּי Ez 17:24; Impf. יַגְבִּיהַּ Jb 39:27 Je 49:16 Ob 4; וַיַּגְבִּיהֶהָ 2 Ch 33:14; יַגְבִּיהוּ Jb 5:7; Inf. הַגְבֵּהַּ Is 7:11 Ez 21:31; Pt. מַגְבִּיהַּ Pr 17:19 ψ 113:5;—make high, exalt, e.g. trees Ez 17:24, wall 2 Ch 33:14, gate Pr 17:19, nest Je 49:16 Ob 4, dwelling ψ 113:5 a request Is 7:11, the lowly Ez 21:31; יַגְבִּיהוּ עוּף make their flight high, soar aloft Jb 5:7, without עוף Jb 39:27.
גָּבֹהַּ
† גָּבֹהַּ adj. high, exalted—1 S 9:2 + 15 times; גָּבוֹהַּ ψ 138:6; cstr. גְּבֹהַּ 1 S 16:7; גְּבַהּ (Ew§ 213 d) ψ 101:5 + 3 times; pl. גְּבֹהִים Ec 5:7 + 5 times; f. גְּבֹהָה Dt 3:5 + 6 times; pl. גְּבֹהוֹת Dn 8:3 + 2 times; גְּבֹהֹת Dt 28:52;—
1. high, lofty, tall, e.g. Ez 17:24, tower Is 2:15 Zp 1:16, mountain Gn 7:19 ψ 104:18 Is 40:9; 57:7 Ez 17:22; 40:2; cf. phrases על כל גבעה גבהה upon every high hill 1 K 14:23 2 K 17:10 Je 2:20; על גבעות הגבהות Je 17:2; עַל־כָּל־הַר גָּבֹהַּ Is 30:25 Je 3:6; man 1 S 9:2; tree גְּבַהּ קוֹמָה Ez 31:3; horns Dn 8:3; walls Dt 3:5; 28:52; gallows Est 5:14; 7:9; gate Je 51:58; altar Ez 41:22; high things Jb 41:26 Ec 12:5.
2. exalted in station Ez 21:31; כִּי גָּבֹהַּ מֵעַל גָּבֹהַּ שֹׁמֵר וּגְבֹהִים עֲלֵיהֶם for high one above high one is watching, & the Most High over them Ec 5:7 so Ew Zö al., but Vrss De Now al. higher (earthly), potentates over them.
3. haughty ψ 138:6 Is 5:15; 10:33 1 S 2:3; גְּבַהּ־עֵינַיִם ψ 101:5; ג׳ לֵב Pr 16:5; ג׳ רוּחַ Ec 7:8.
4. n.[m.] loftiness, גְּבֹהַּ קוֹמָתוֹ 1 S 16:7; cf. גָּדוֹל 10, p. 153.
גֹּ֫בַהּ
† גֹּ֫בַהּ n.m. height—Jb 22:12 + 9 times; sf. גָּבְהוֹ 1 S 17:4 + 5 times; pl. cstr. גָּבְהֵי Jb 11:8;—
1. height, of buildings and trees Ez 1:18; 19:11; 31:10, 14; 40:42; 41:8 2 Ch 3:4 Am 2:9; prob. also Ez 43:13 (of altar), so 𝔊 Ew Co for MT גַּב (q.v.); of man 1 S 17:4; heaven Jb 11:8; 22:12 (גבה cstr. SI6 of rock).
2. exaltation, grandeur Jb 40:10.
3. haughtiness, Je 48:29; גּ׳ אַף ψ 10:4; גּ׳־לִבּוֹ 2 Ch 32:26; גּ׳ רוּחַ Pr 16:18.
גַּבְהוּת
† גַּבְהוּת n.f. haughtiness, Is 2:11, 17.
גְּבוּל
גְּבוּל240 n.m. Nu 34, 3 border, boundary, territory (NH id., Punic gubulim (pl., PlautPoen. i. 9)—גְּבוּל Gn 10:19 + 168 times + Jos 15:47 Kt (but read Qr גָּדוֹל); גְּבֻל Nu 21:13 + 9 times; (both, in abs. & cstr., e.g. abs. Nu 22:36; 34:8, cstr. Gn 10:19 2 S 21:5); sf. גְּבוּלִי 1 Ch 4:10, גְּבוּלְךָ Ex 7:27, גְבֻלְךָ Ex 23:31 + 3 times, etc.; pl. (8 times) only sf. גְּבוּלֶיךָ Je 15:13; 17:3, etc.;—
1. border, boundary, a. of a land or people: Canaanites Gn 10:19 (J), Edom Nu 20:23 Jos 15:1, 21 (all P) cf. Ob 7, Amorites Nu 21:13 (E) Jos 13:4 (D) cf. 12:5 (D) Ju 1:36, Moab Nu 21:13, 15; 22:36 (E) 33:44 (P) Dt 2:18 Ju 11:18(×2) 2 K 3:21 Is 15:8, Ammon Nu 21:24 (E) Dt 3:16 Jos 12:2; 13:10 (all D) Am 1:13, Bashan Jos 12:4 (D), Egypt 1 K 5:1 = 2 Ch 9:26, Is 19:19; especially of promised land Ex 23:31; 34:24 (JE) Nu 34:3 + 13 times Nu 34 (all P) Dt 11:24; 12:20; 16:4 Jos 1:4 (D), cf. Ez 45:1 + 10 times Ez 45—48; also of Israel 2 K 14:25 Am 6:2 Mal 1:5. b. boundary of smaller divisions, e.g. Geshurites Dt 3:14 Jos 12:5; 13:11 (all D), cf. Jos 16:2, 3 (J) 19:12 (P); especially of tribes of Israel Dt 3:16, 17 Jos 13:30 (all D) 13:16 + 60 times Jos 13—19 (P);—15:47 read גדול v. supr. Jos 22:25 (P) & 17:8; 18:11; 24:30 (JE), cf. 1 Ch 6:39, 51 2 Ch 11:13 Ez 48:1 + 15 times Ez 48 (incl. v 22(×2) q. del. Co);—in 1 S 13:18 read for גְּבוּל, הַגֶּבַע 𝔊 We Dr †c. boundary of territory belonging to an individual,—of field, piece of ground, etc. Gn 23:17 (P) Dt 19:14; 27:17, Jos 24:30 (E) = Ju 2:9 1 Ch 4:10 Pr 15:25; 22:28; 23:10 Ho 5:10. †d. border of stream Nu 22:36. †e. limit to waters of deep ψ 104:9 cf. Je 5:22. †f. a concrete object marking limit, (α) barrier in Ezekiel’s temple Ez 40:12 (del. 𝔊 𝔖 Co) v 12; (β) border of altar Ez 43:13, 17, 20; (γ) surrounding wall of restored Zion Is 54:12 (so 𝔊 Ew Kn Che; De Brd territory, Di undecided).
†2. territory (enclosed within boundary), a. of land or people Gn 47:21 (J) Ex 7:27 (P) 10:4, 14 (‖ ארץ) v 19; 13:7 (all J), Nu 20:16, 17, 21; 21:22 (E; ‖ ארץ) = Ju 11:20, Nu 21:23 (E) Dt 2:4; 19:3 (גּ׳ אַרְצְךָ) v 8; 28:40 Jos 18:5(×2) (E) Ju 11:22; 19:29 2 S 21:5 1 K 1:3 2 K 10:32 1 Ch 21:12 (‖ ארץ) ψ 105:31 (= ארץ in ‖ Ez 8:16, 17) v 33; 147:14 Je 31:17 Ez 11:10, 11 Jo 4:6 Zp 2:8. b. territory of a city (or limit of such territory) Nu 35:26, 27 Jos 13:26 Ju 1:18(×3) Ez 47:16(×2); 17(×2) (del. 𝔊 Co) 48:1 Am 6:2. †c. territory about Ezekiel’s temple Ez 43:12. †d. pl. in like sense (only use of pl.), of land Mi 5:5 Is 60:18 (‖ ארץ) Je 15:13; 17:3, cf. city 1 S 5:6 2 K 15:16; 18:8; so Ez 27:4 of Tyre. †e. fig. territory (region) of darkness Jb 38:20; territory of wickedness Mal 1:4 (of Edom); territory of his holiness ψ 78:54 (of Canaan).
גְּבוּלָה
† [גְּבוּלָה] n.f. border, boundary—sf. גְּבֻלָתוֹ Is 28:25; Pl. abs. גְּבֻלֹת Nu 32:33, גְּבֻלוֹת Jb 24:2; cstr. גְּבוּלוֹת ψ 74:17, גְּבוּלֹת Is 10:13, גְּבֻלֹת Dt 32:8; sf. גְּבוּלֹתֶיהָ Jos 18:20; 19:49, גְבֻלֹתֶיהָ Nu 34:2, 12; border, boundary of the earth (poet.) ψ 74:17; of peoples Is 10:13 Dt 32:8 (poem); of land of Canaan Nu 34:2, 12 (P) Jos 19:49 (JE); of a tribe Jos 18:20 (P); of territory about cities Nu 32:33 (P?); of a piece of ground Jb 24:2; of barley-field Is 28:25.
גִּבּוֹר
גִּבּוֹר159 adj. strong, mighty (cf. Arabic جَبَّارٌ one who magnifies himself, behaves proudly, a tyrant, who is bold, audacious)—Gn 10:9 + 58 times; גִּבֹּר Gn 10:8 + 2 times; גִּבּוֹרָם 1 S 17:51; pl. גִּבּוֹרִים Je 46:9 + 27 times; גִּבֹּרִים Jos 10:2 + 21 times; cstr. גִּבּוֹרֵי 1 Ch 11:27 + 29 times; גִּבֹּרֵי 1 Ch 9:26 + 4 times; sf. גִּבּוֹרֶיךָ Ho 10:13 + (var. sfs. 11 times);—
1. adj. גִּבּוֹר בַּבְּהֵמָה mightiest among beasts Pr 30:30; אִישׁ גִּבּוֹר 1 S 14:52; גִּבּוֹר בָּאָרֶץ ψ 112:2; גִּבּוֹר צַיִד mighty in hunting Gn 10:9 (J); מלך גבור Dn 11:3; אֵל גִּבּוֹר the Messiah Is 9:5; attribute of God especially as fighting for his people ψ 24:8(×2) Dt 10:17 Ne 9:32 Is 10:21 Je 32:18 (cf. Arabic الجَبَّارُ).
2. n.m. strong, valiant man Jos 10:2 (E) Gn 6:4; 10:8 (J) Ju 5:13, 23 1 S 2:4 + 16 times 1 K 1:8, 10 2 K 24:16 1 Ch 1:10 + 11 times Ezr 7:28 Jb 16:14 ψ 19:6; 33:16; 45:4; 52:3; 78:65; 89:20; 120:4; 127:4 Pr 16:32; 21:22 Ct 3:7(×2); 4:4 Ec 9:11 Is 3:2; 13:3; 21:17; 42:13; 49:24, 25 Je 5:16 + 17 times Ez 32:12 + 5 times Ho 10:13 Jo 2:7; 4:9, 10, 11 Am 2:14, 16 Ob 9 Na 2:4 Zp 1:14; 3:17 Zc 9:13; 10:5, 7; cf. phrases גִּבּוֹר חיל mighty man of valour Ju 6:12; 11:1 1 S 9:1; 16:18 1 K 11:28 2 K 5:1 (וְהָאִישׁ הָיָה גִּבּוֹר חַיִל מְצֹרָ֑ע so 𝔊 al. 𝔊L ὁ ἄνθρωπος ἦν λεπρός, cf. also Klo’s dub. emend.), 1 Ch 12:28; 28:1 2 Ch 13:3; 17:16, 17; 25:6; 32:21; אישׁ גבור חיל Ru 2:1; גבורי החיל Jos 1:14 (D) 6:2; 10:7 (JE) 2 K 15:20; 24:14; אישׁ גבורי החיל Jos 8:3; גברי חיל 1 Ch 5:24 + 14 times Ne 11:14; גבורי חילים 1 Ch 7:5, 7, 11, 40; גבורי החילים 1 Ch 11:26; גברי כח ψ 103:20; גבורי מלחמה 2 Ch 13:3; גברי הֹשׂערים 1 Ch 9:26; בית הגבורים Ne 3:16; (ה)צָבָא הגבורים 2 S 10:7 1 Ch 19:8; ראשׁי הגברים 1 Ch 11:10; גבורים לשׁתות valiant to drink Is 5:22.
גְּבוּרָה
† גְּבוּרָה61 n.f. strength, might—Ex 32:18 + 16 times; cstr. גְּבוּרַת ψ 147:10; sf. גְּבוּרָתוֹ + (sfs. 32 times); pl. גְּבוּרוֹת Jb 41:4 + 3 times; גְּבֻרוֹת ψ 71:16; גְּבוּרֹתֶיךָ Dt 3:24 + (sfs. 6 times);—
1. strength, cf. horse Jb 39:19 ψ 147:10, crocodile Jb 41:4, sun Ju 5:31, body of man ψ 90:10 Ec 9:16; 10:17.
2. might, valour, of warriors Ju 8:21 Pr 8:14 Is 3:25; 28:6; 30:15 Je 9:22; 23:10; 49:35; 51:30 Ez 32:29, 30 Mi 3:8; 7:16; קוֹל עֲנוֹת גְּבוּרָה noise of shouting in warlike strength Ex 32:18 (E); עֵצָה וּגְבוּרָה 2 K 18:20 Is 11:2; 36:5; cf. phrases of compiler of Kings כֹּל גְּבוּרָתוֹ 1 K 15:23 2 K 10:34; 20:20; אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה וּגְבוּרָתוֹ 1 K 16:5, 27; 22:46 2 K 13:8, 12; 14:15, 28; cf. also מַלְכוּתוֹ וּגְבוּרָתוֹ 1 Ch 29:30, תָקְפּוֹ וּגְבוּרָתוֹ Est 10:2.
3. might of God Jb 26:14 ψ 21:14; 54:3; 65:7; 66:7; 71:18; 80:3; 89:14; 106:8; 145:11 Is 33:13 Je 10:6; 16:21; cf. phrases כח וגבורה 1 Ch 29:12 2 Ch 20:6, חכמה וג׳ Jb 12:13, משׁפט וג׳ Mi 3:8, הגדלה והג׳ 1 Ch 29:11; גְּבוּרוֹת mighty deeds of God Dt 3:24 ψ 20:7; 71:16; 106:2; 145:4, 12; 150:2 Is 63:15.
גבח
גבח (only in foll. derivatives found in P; cf. also NH גִּבֵּחַ, giant).
גִּבֵּחַ
† גִּבֵּחַ adj. having a bald forehead, ג׳ הוּא Lv 13:41 (P ‖ קֵרֵחַ הוּא v 40).
גַּבַּ֫חַת
† גַּבַּ֫חַת n.f. bald forehead (NH id., Aramaic ܓܒܳܚܽܘܬܳܐ ), only Lv 13—abs. Lv 13:42 (P; asson. בְּקָרַ֫חַת אוֹ בַגַּבַּ֫חַת); גַּבַּחְתּוֹ v 42, 43 (both P & ‖ קָרַחְתּוֹ); in all, as place of appearance of an eruption; v 55 (P; ‖ id.) = in its front, i.e. front of garment.
גַּבַּי
גַּבַּי, גַּבַּי, סַלָּ֑י v. sub. גבב.
גֹּבַי
† גֹּבַי, גּוֹבָ֑י n.m.; Am. 7:1 cf. v. 2 coll. locusts (swarm, multitude; Aramaic גּוּבָא, pl. גוּבָאֵי; on format. v. Ol§ 216 d), גֹּבַי symbol of Yahweh’s judgment on Isr. Am 7:1; in sim. of disappearance of Assyrian leaders at destruction of Nineveh גּוֹב גּוֹבָ֑י Na 3:17 (locust-) swarm of locusts (‖ אַרְבֶּה); but del. גּוֹב as dittogr. We al.
גַּבַּי סַלָּ֑י
גַּבַּי סַלָּ֑י appar. n.pr.m. (cf. Aramaic ܓܰܒܳܝܳܐ, Talm גַּבָּי, tax-gatherer) a Benjamite Ne 11:8; but text dub. cf. 1 Ch 9:8 & SmListen 7.
גֹּבַי²
גֹּבַי v. sub גבה.
גֵּבִים
גֵּבִים n.pr.loc. v. sub גוב.
גּבִים
† גּבִים n.pr.loc. (trenches) N. from Jerusalem, c. art. הַגּ׳ Is 10:31; site unknown.
גְּבִינָה
† גְּבִינָה n.f. curd, or cheese (NH id., Arabic جُبْنٌ, Ethiopic ግብነት Aramaic גּוּבְנָא, ܓܽܘܒܢܳܐ cf. ܓܒܶܬܐܴ )—וְכַגְּבִינָה תַּקְפִּיאֵנִי Jb 10:10 (K גְּבִנָּה).
גָּבִיעַ
† גָּבִיעַ n.m. Gn 44:12 cup, bowl—ג׳ Gn 44:12 + 2 times; cstr. גְּבִיעַ Gn 44:2; sf. גְּבִיעִי Gn 44:2; pl. גְּבִיעִים Ex 25:34, גְּבִעִים v 33(×2) + 4 times; sf. גְּבִיעֶיהָ Ex 25:31; 34:17;—cup (of Joseph) Gn 44:2, 12, 16, 17; pl. cups (of golden candlestick in tab.) Ex 25:31, 33(×2), 34; 37:17, 19(×2), 20; bowls Je 35:5 גְּבִעִים מלאים יין וכֹסוֹת.
גְּבִיר
† גְּבִיר n.m. lord, Gn 27:29, 37.
גְּבִירָה
† גְּבִירָה n.f.
1. lady, queen, 1 K 11:19;
2. queen-mother, 1 K 15:13 = 2 Ch 15:16; וַיְסִרֶהָ מִגּ׳ he removed her from (the position of) queenmother; cf. 2 K 10:13 Je 13:18; 29:2.
גָּבִישׁ
† גָּבִישׁ n.m. crystal (cf. אֶלְגָּבִישׁ hail—on relation of meanings cf. Gk. κρύσταλλος, & Ethiopic usage of እብነ በረድ DiLex. Aeth. 759—Arabic جِبْسٌ gypsum, Assyrian gibšu, mass, abundance, COTGloss)—רָאמוֹת וְגָבִישׁ Jb 28:18 coral and crystal.
גבל
גבל (according to Thes orig. twist, wind, whence not only גַּבְלֻת, מִגְבָּלֹת, but also גְּבוּל (cord and then) boundary, as determined by measuring cord, or line, whence vb. denom. גָּבַל bound, border, q.v. infr.; NH גָּבַל, Aramaic גְּבַל, mean mix, knead; Arabic جَبَلَ, Syriac ܓܒܰܠ = create, fashion; MV assume meaning massive, whence Arabic جَبَل mountain (cf. Assyrian gablu HA 48), and גְּבוּל as originally earth-wall, etc., serving as boundary; this explains גַּבְלֻת etc. less well).
גְּבַל
† גְּבַל n.pr.loc. maritime city on the Pheuician coast Ez 27:9; (Ph. גבל = Byblus (Sm Di Jos 13:5); in Assyrian Gubli COTGloss.); mod. Jebeil BdPal 358; v. also FurrerZPV viii. 20.
גְּבָל
† גְּבָל n.pr.loc. (= Arabic جِبَال, Γεβαληνη) mountainous region S. of Dead Sea, 𝔗 Seir, cf. JosAnt. ii, 1, 2; ix, 9, 1; ψ 83:8 גבָל ועמון ועמלק;—mod. Jibâl; Seetzen ii. 357 BurckhTravels 401 RobBR ii, 154.
גָּבַל
† [גָּבַל] vb.denom. bound, border—
Qal Pf. גָּֽבְלוּ Dt 19:14; Impf. 3 ms. יִגְבּוֹל Jos 18:20, 3 fs. תִּגְבָּל־ Zc 9:2;—bound, border, c. acc. Jos 18:20 (P); c. בְּ border upon, adjoin Zc 9:2; trans. set bounds Dt 19:14 (c. acc. cogn.)
Hiph. Pf. 2 ms. set bounds for, c. acc. וְהִגְבַּלְתָּ֫ Ex 19:12; Imv. id. הַגְבֵּל v 23 (both JE), + Pt. מַגְבִּיל Ez 47:18 𝔊 𝔖 𝔙 Co.
גִּבְלִי
† גִּבְלִי adj.gent. offoregoing, c.art. = n.coll. Jos 13:5 והארץ הַגִּבְלִי, but read גְּבוּל הַגּ׳, cf. Di. 1 K 5:32 הַגִּבְלִים (but prob. textual error Th reads וַיַּגְבִּלוּם and they bordered them, made a border for them (the stones); 𝔊 ἔβαλαν, cf. also Klo).
גַּבְלֻת
† גַּבְלֻת n.f. twisting—שַׁרְשֹׁת גַּבְלֻת Ex 28:22, שַׁרְשְׁרֹת גּ׳ 39:15 (both P), cords of twisting, i. e. (well or tightly) twisted cords.
גבן
גבן (prob. be curved, contracted, coagulated; Syriac Pa. ܓܰܒܶܢ coagulate; Arabic جَبُنَ is be timid, perhaps from shrinking, cowering).
גִּבֵּן
† גִּבֵּן adj. crook-backed, hump-backed (cf. Aramaic גְּבִין id., NH גַּבָּן highlander; also NH גבין, Aramaic גבינא, ܓܒܺܝܢܳܐ, all = brow (eyebrow, etc.); cf. Arabic جَبِينٌ side of forehead), Lv 21:20.
גַּבְנֹן
† [גַּבְנֹן] n.[m.] peak, rounded summit; pl. גַּבְנֻנִּים: ψ 68:16 הַר־אֱלֹהִים הַר־בָּשָׁ֑ן הַר־ג׳ הַר־בָּשָֽׁן׃; הָרִים ג׳ v 17 (appos., Thes Dr§ 188 al.; others adj. many-peaked). Cf. WetzstBatan. Giebelgeb., 1884.
גבע
גבע (convex, projecting, high; cf. Aramaic Pa. גַּבַּע swell, swell up, גְּבִיעַ hump-backed, גִּבְעֲתָא hill; v. also i. גִּבְעָה infr.)
גֶּ֫בַע
† גֶּ֫בַע n.pr.loc.—ג׳ abs. Jos 21:17 +; cstr. Ju 20:10 +; גָּ֑בַע Jos 18:24 +;—Levitical city, in Benjamin Jos 21:17 = 1 Ch 6:45 Jos 18:24 cf. 1 Ch 8:6, 1 K 15:22 Ne 11:31; also 1 S 13:16 & Ju 20:10, 33 MT, in all three read (גִּבְעַת) גִּבְעָה, cf. context;—northernmost city in kingdom of Judah 2 K 23:8 from Geba to Beersheba, cf. Zc 14:10; situated S. of pass of Michmash Is 10:29 1 S 14:5 cf. 1 S 13:3; mentioned also 2 Ch 16:6 Ezr 2:26 Ne 7:30; 12:29; in 1 S 13:18 𝔊 We Dr read הַגֶּבַע for MT גְּבוּל q.v.; (2 S 5:25 read גבעון with 𝔊 and 1 Ch 14:16).—Mod. Jebaʿ RobBR i. 440 f. BdPal 120.
גִּבְעָא
† גִּבְעָא n.pr.m. a son of Caleb 1 Ch 2:49.
גִּבְעָה
† I. גִּבְעָה n.f. hill—abs. גִּבְעָה 2 S 2:25 + 13 times + Ez 6:13 (del. Co q.v.) 1 S 7:1 2 S 6:3, 4 (cf. Dr); cstr. גִּבְעַת Jos 5:3 + 8 times + 1 S 10:5 (cf. Dr); sf. גִּבְעָתִי Ez 34:26 (but del. Co), גִּבְעָתָהּ Is 31:4; pl. abs. גְּבָעוֹת Dt 12:2 + 35 times; cstr. גִּבְעוֹת Dt 33:15 Hb 3:6, גִּבְעֹת Gn 49:26; sf. גִּבְעוֹתֶיךָ Ez 35:8;—hill, height, elevation, both high and low, cf. ψ 148:9 ההרים וכל גבעות, 65:13;—
1. in ordinary prose, hill, lower than mountain Ex 17:9, 10 (E) 2 S 2:25; it may be n.pr. in 1 S 7:1; 10:10 2 S 6:3, 4 v. also sub ii. גִּבְעָה.
2. especially as place of illicit worship עַל כָּל־ג׳ גְּבֹהָה ותחת כל עץ רענן 1 K 14:23 2 K 17:10 Je 2:20; cf. Dt 12:2 2 K 16:4 2 Ch 28:4 (these two + במות); also Ho 4:13 Je 13:27; 17:2 Ez 6:13 (v. supr.).
3. very commonly ‖ הר in poet. & proph. Dt 33:15 ψ 72:3; 114:4, 6; 148:9 Ct 2:8; 4:6 Is 2:2, 14; 30:17, 25; 31:4; 40:4, 12; 41:15; 42:15; 54:10; 55:12; 65:7 Je 3:23; 4:24; 16:16; 50:7 Ez 6:3; 34:6; 35:8; 36:4, 6 Ho 4:13; 10:8 Jo 4:18 Am 9:13 Mi 4:1; 6:1 Na 1:5 Hb 3:6; rarely in prose Dt 12:2; sometimes as rejoicing ψ 65:13, majestic (poet.) ג׳ עולם Gn 49:26 Dt 33:15 Hb 3:6 (‘everlasting hills’); cf. also Jb 15:7; high Pr 8:25 (with adj. high, cf. supr.) Je 49:16.
4. hills with special names, some nearly or quite = n.pr.loc., which see under the respective words: ג׳ הַמּוֹרֶה Ju 7:1 teacher’s hill, in valley of Jezreel; ג׳ הָעֲרָלוֹת Jos 5:3 hill of the fore-skins; ג׳ הָאֱלֹהִים 1 S 10:5 (a designation of Gibeah); ג׳ הַחֲכִילָה 1 S 23:19; 26:1, 3; ג׳ אַמָּה 2 S 2:24; ג׳ הַלְּבוֹנָה Ct 4:6 (i.e. hill where frankincense is grown); ג׳ גָּרֵ֑ב Je 31:39; ג׳ יְרוּשָׁלַם Is 10:32 cf. 31:4 (where ‖ הַר־צִיּוֹן), Ez 34:26 (v. supr.) & הַגְּבָעוֹת Zp 1:10 hills on which Jerusalem stands.
גִּבְעָה²
II. גִּבְעָה n.pr.loc. (hill)—ג׳ Jos 15:57 +; (הַ)גִּבְעָ֫תָה Ju 20:4 + 5 times; גִּבְעַת Jos 18:28; cstr. גִּבְעַת 1 S 11:4 + 9 times; abs. always c. art. except Jos 15:57; 18:28 Ju 19:12; 20:31 1 S 10:26 2 Ch 13:2;—
†1. a city of Judah Jos 15:57 (perhaps one of two villages called Gabaa, Gabatha in Onom. v. LagOnom. 246, 128; 2nd ed. 255, 160).
2. city of Benj. Ju 19:14, 16 + 20 times Ju, 1 S 10:26; 14:2; 22:6; 26:1 2 S 23:29 = 1 Ch 11:31; also Ho 5:8; 9:9; 10:9(×2) (cf. Ju 19:12 ff.) 2 Ch 13:2; perhaps also 1 S 7:1; 10:10 2 S 6:3, 4 read also (for גבע) 1 S 13:16 Ju 20:10, 33; = גִּבְעַת Jos 18:28; called also גִּבְעַת בִּנְיָמִין 1 S 13:2, 15; 14:16, & גִּבְעַת שָׁאוּל 1 S 11:4; 15:34 Is 10:29; 2 S 21:6 read prob. גִּבְעוֹן, 𝔊 We Dr.
†3. a city of Ephraim, called גִּבְעַת פִּֽינְחָס Jos 24:33.
גִּבְעוֹן
† גִּבְעוֹן n.pr.loc.—ג׳ Jos 9:17 +; c. ָה loc., גִּבְע֫וֹנָה 2 S 12 cf. 1 K 3:4;—Levitical city in tribe of Benjamin; formerly inhabited by Hivites Jos 9:17; 10:2, 4, 5, 10, 12, 41; 11:19; 18:25; 21:17 2 S 2:12, 13 (pool of Gibeon) v 16; 3:30; 20:8 Je 28:1; 41:12 (great waters which are in Gibeon) v 16 1 Ch 14:16; vid. especially יוֹשְׁבֵי ג׳, אַנְשֵׁי ג׳ Jos 9:3 (called Hivites 9:7) 10:1, 6; 11:19 Ne 3:7, so בְּנֵי ג׳ Ne 7:25 (= בְּנֵי גִבָּר Ezr 2:20, v. גִּבָּר); cf. also as n.pr.m. 1 Ch 8:29 וּבְגִבְעוֹן יָֽשְׁבוּ אֲבִי גִבְעוֹן = 9:35; cf. מִדְבַּר ג׳ 2 S 2:24, עֵמֶק בְּג׳ Is 28:21; it was the site of a great Bamah 1 K 3:4, 5; 9:2, where was ‘the tabernacle of Yahweh in the high place’ according to 1 Ch 16:39, cf. 21:29 2 Ch 1:3, 13.
גִּבְעֹל
† גִּבְעֹל n.[m.] bud (Ol§ 216 b)—Ex 9:31 the flax was bud (i. e. in bud Dr§ 188. (2)), cf. RSJPh. xii. 299, 300.
גִּבְעֹנִי
† גִּבְעֹנִי adj.gent.—always c. art. הַגִּבְעֹנִי Ne 3:7, הַגִּבְעוֹנִי 1 Ch 12:4, הַגִּבְעֹנִים 2 S 21:1, 2(×2), 3, 4, 9.
גִּבְעַת
גִּבְעַת n.pr.loc. (Ges§ 80, R. 2) v. foregoing, 2.
גִּבְעָתִי
† גִּבְעָתִי adj.gent. of גִּבְעָה of Benjamin (?) 1 Ch 12:3.
גְּבַר
גְּבַר v. following.
גִּבָּר
† גִּבָּר n.pr. (Aramaic id. = hero) Ezr 2:20 prob. = גִּבְעוֹן Ne 7:25.
גֶּ֫בֶר
I. גֶּ֫בֶר66 n.m. man (NH id., MI16 גברן (pl.), Aramaic גְּבַר, ܓܒܰܪ; Assyrian gabru, rival is Akkadian loanword according to SchrJLZ 1874, 200 DlS 120, Sm. Chald. Gen. 286)—Dt 22:5 + 39 times; גָּ֑בֶר Jb 3:3 + 13 times; cstr. גְּבֶּר ψ 18:26 (= 2 S 22:26 גִּבּוֹר but 𝔊 𝔖 read גֶּבֶר); pl. גְּבָרים Je 41:16 + 10 times;—man as strong, disting. from women, children, and non-combatants whom he is to defend, chiefly poetic Ex 10:11 Nu 24:3, 15 (E) Ex 12:37 Jos 7:14, 17, 18 (J) Dt 22:5(×2) Ju 5:30 2 S 23:1 1 Ch 23:3; 24:4; 26:12 Jb 3:3 + 14 times Jb; ψ 18:26 + 8 times ψ; Pr 6:34 + 7 times Pr; Is 22:17 Je 17:5 + 8 times Je; La 3:1, 27, 35, 39 Dn 8:15 Mi 2:2 Hb 2:5 Zc 13:7; also 1 S 10:21 𝔊 We Dr; = each (of locusts) Jo 2:8, cf. אישׁ.
גָּבַר
† גָּבַר vb. be strong, mighty (NH id., Aramaic גְּבַר; Arabic جَبَرَ (conj. I. dial.; usually in derived conj.) compel, force; جَبَرِيَّةٌ overbearing behaviour, جَبْرٌ constraint; Ethiopic ገብረ I, 1, subigere; II, 2, cogere; Syriac ܐܶܬܓܰܒܰܪ play the man, is denom. from ܓܒܰܪ man)—
Qal Pf. ג׳ ψ 103:11 + 5 times; גָּבְֽרוּ Gn 7:19 + 6 times; גָּבֵ֑רוּ 2 S 1:23; Impf. יִגְבַּר 1 S 2:9; וַיִּגְבְּרוּ Gn 7:18, 24;— 1. be strong, mighty, abs. גָּבְֽרוּ חַיִל mighty in power Jb 21:7; with מִן stronger than 2 S 1:23 ψ 65:4; with בְּ mighty among 1 Ch 5:2. 2. prevail:— a. abs. e.g. enemies Ex 17:11(×2) (E) 1 S 2:9 La 1:16, waters Gn 7:18, 19, 20, 24 (P), power Je 9:2; b. with עַל prevail over, subj. enemies 2 S 11:23, blessings Gn 49:26 (J), mercy of God ψ 103:11; 117:2.
Pi. Pf. גִּבַּרְתִּי Zc 10:6; sf. גִּבַּרְתִּים Zc 10:12; Impf. יְגַבֵּר Ec 10:10 make strong, strengthen.
Hiph. Pf. הִגְבִּיר בְּרִית לְ confirm a covenant Dn 9:27; Impf. נַגְבִּיר לִלְשֹׁנֵנוּ we will confirm a covenant with our tongue Ew Ol Che (or, to our tongue will we give strength Hi De) ψ 12:5.
Hithp. Impf. יִתְגַּבָּ֑ר Jb 15:25 Is 42:13; יִתְגַּבָּ֑רוּ Jb 36:9:—of י׳, shew himself a mighty one against (עַל) Is 42:13; of wicked, behave proudly toward (אֶל) Jb 15:25; of erring righteous (abs.) 36:9.
גֶּ֫בֶר²
† II. גֶּ֫בֶר n.pr.m. an official of Solomon 1 K 4:19 (cf. בֶּן־גֶּבֶר v 13, p. 122 supr.)
גַּבְרִיאֵל
† גַּבְרִיאֵל n.pr.m. (man of Ēl) an archangel Dn 8:16; 9:21 (cf. Lu 1:19).
גְּבֶ֫רֶת
† גְּבֶ֫רֶת n.f.
1. lady, queen, Is 47:5, 7.
2. mistress of servants, sf. גְּבִרְתִּי Gn 16:8; גְּבִרְתֵּךְ Gn 16:9; גְּבִרְתָּהּ Gn 16:4 2 K 5:3 ψ 123:2 Pr 30:23; (pl. גברת women MI16); גְּבִרְתָּהּ Is 24:2.
גבשׁ
גבשׁ (be firm, massive, cf. Assyrian gabâšu, be thick, massive, ZimBP 76, & deriv.; cf. also Aramaic גַּבֵּשׁ Pa. heap up, Heb. גַּבְשׁוּשִׁית height, hill).
גִּבְּתוֹן
† גִּבְּתוֹן n.pr.loc. (mound, height, cf. 𝔗 גִּבְבָא ridge) Philistine city 1 K 15:27(×2); 16:15, 17; assigned to Dan Jos 19:44, and to Levites 21:23: site unknown; cf. LagOnom. 246, 2nd ed. 255.
גִּבְּתוֹן²
גִּבְּתוֹן v. sub גבב.
גָּג
† גָּג n.m. roof, top (NH id.; Di comp. Ethiopic ጋግ, ጋጋ vinculum (ferreum), jugo simil. collare ferreum; √ dub.; Thes proposes גנג; perhaps גנג (= גנגן) cover Bö§ 292 Sta§ 189 a MV)—גָּג Jos 2:6 + 9 times + 1 S 9:26 Kt (Qr גָּ֫גָה), גָּ֫גָה Jos 2:6 1 S 9:26 Qr (Kt גג); cstr. Ju 9:51 + 2 times + Ez 40:13 (del. Co v. infr.); sf. גַּגֶּ֑ךָ Dt 22:8, גַּגּוֹ Ex 30:3 + 2 times + Ez 40:13 (del. Co v. infr.); pl. גַּגּוֹת Is 37:27 + 5 times; sf. גַּגּוֹתֶיהָ Is 15:3, גַּגּוֹתֵיהֶם Je 32:29, גַּגֹּתֵיהֶם Je 19:13;—
1. roof (of house) Dt 22:8 Jos 2:6(×2), 8 Ju 16:27 1 S 9:25, 26 2 S 11:2(×2); 16:22 2 K 19:26 = Is 37:27, Ne 8:16 ψ 102:8; 129:6 Pr 21:9; 25:24 Is 15:3; 22:1 Je 48:38; as places of idolatrous worship (especially of heavenly bodies) Je 19:13; 32:29 Zp 1:5; so הַגָּג עֲלִיַּת אָחָז 2 K 23:12, roof of tower Ju 9:51, over gate 2 S 18:24, of chamber Ez 40:13(×2) (but 𝔊 Co קיר).
2. top of altar of incense, in tabern. Ex 30:3; 37:26 (both P).
גַּד
גַּד, גָּד, גִּדְגָּד, גֻּדְגֹּדָה v. sub גדד.
גָּד
III. גָּד71 n.pr.m. (fortunatus? perhaps der. from foreg. divine name SiegfJPTh 1875, 364 StaGesch. i. 148; but v. also BaeRel. 159 f.)—גָּ֥ד Gn 35:26 +, as well as גָּד֑ Gn 30:11 +;—
1. son of Jacob and Zilpah; a. strictly as personal name Gn 30:11; 35:26; 46:16 Ex 1:4 cf. Gn 49:19 1 Ch 2:2. b. as name of tribe Nu 1:14 Dt 27:13; 33:20(×2) Jos 18:7 Ez 48:27, 28; cf. אֶרֶץ גָּד 1 S 13:7 v. also Je 49:1, שַׁעַר גָּד Ez 48:34, on הַנַּחַל הַגָּד 2 S 24:5 cf. We Dr; explicitly מַטֵּה גָּד Nu 1:25; 2:14; 13:15 Jos 13:24; 20:8; 21:7, 36 1 Ch 6:48, 65; once, צְבָא מַטֵּה בְנֵי־גָד Nu 10:20; בְּנֵי גָד (MI10 אש גד) Nu 1:24 + 12 times Nu; Jos 4:12 + 14 times Jos; 1 Ch 5:11; 12:14.
†2. a prophet in David’s time, called נָבִיא 1 S 22:5, but הַנָּבִיא חֹזֶה דָוִד 2 S 24:11 & חֹזֵה דָוִיד ‖ 1 Ch 21:9, הַחֹזֶה 1 Ch 29:29 & חֹזֵה־הַמֶּלֶךְ 2 Ch 29:25. מִגְדַּל־גַּד v. p. 154.
גַּד²
† I. גַּד n.m. coriander (NH גִּיד, Aramaic גִּידָּא; connexion with above √ dub.; v. further LöwNo. 155)—זֶרַע גַּד Ex 16:31 Nu 11:7, sim. of manna.
גַּד³
† II. [גַּד] 1. n.[m.] fortune, good fortune (Arabic جَدٌّ id., Aramaic גַּדָּא, ܓܰܕܳܐ )—Gn 30:11 בּגד Kt, i.e. בְּגָד (בָּא גָד֑ Qr), 𝔊 ἐν τύχῃ, by or with good fortune.
2. n.pr.m. god of fortune (Arabic جَدّ WeSkizzen iii. 171; גד named often in Ph. & Aramaic inscript., & found in Ph. & Aramaic n.pr., BaeRel 76 f. NöZMG 1888, 479; v. especially SiegfJPTh 1875, 356 ff.)—c. לְ + art. לַגַּד Is 65:11 cf. Che.
גִּדְגָּד
גִּדְגָּד in חֹר הַגּ׳ v. following & sub חֹר.
גֻּדְגֹּ֫דָה
† גֻּדְגֹּ֫דָה c. art. הַגֻּדְגֹּ֫דָה n.pr.loc. (meaning dub.) station of Israel in wilderness Dt 10:7(×2) (in ‖ Nu 33:32 חֹר הַגִּדְגָּ֑ד v. sub חֹר).
גָּדַד
† [גָּדַד] vb. penetrate, cut (NH id., cut, cut out, Aramaic גְּדַד, ܓܰܕ, Arabic جَدّ cut, cut off; Ethiopic ገደደ in deriv.)—
Qal Impf. ψ 94:21 יָג֯וֹדּוּ עַל־נֶפֶשׁ צַדִּיק they attack (penetrate, make inroads upon) the life of a righteous man (Ol proposes יָגוּרוּ cf. 56:7; 59:4 where, however, Che יגודו; si vera l., perhaps denom. from גְּדוּד cf. Ho 6:9 & infr.; cf. also גוד & Köi 356).
Hithpo. Impf. יִתְגֹּדַד Je 16:6; 2 fs. תִּתְגֹּדֲדִי Mi 4:14, תִּתְגּוֹדָ֑דִי Je 47:5; pl. וַיִּתְגֹּדְדוּ 1 K 18:28, יִתְגּוֹדָ֑דוּ Je 5:7 + Ho 7:14 v. infr., תִּתְגֹּדְדוּ Dt 14:1; Pt. pl. מִתְגֹּדְדִים Je 41:5;— 1. cut oneself, as religious (heathen) practice 1 K 18:28; practised also by men of Shechem, etc. in worship of י׳ (late) Je 41:5; for the dead, forbidden Dt 14:1 לֹא תִתְגֹּדְדוּ וְלֹא תָשִׂימוּ קָרְחָה בֵּין עֵינֵיכֶם לָמֵת, Je 16:6; cf. 47:5 (subject Philistia personified); also for MT יִתְגּוֹרָר֖וּ Ho 7:14 Codd, they cut themselves, 𝔊 Gr Che RVm, read We Now Marti Harper (cf. i, ii. גּוּר). 2. gather in troops, or bands; go in troops or throngs, throng; (denominative from גְּדוּד q.v.) cf. תִּתְגֹּדֲדִי בַת־גְּדוּד Mi 4:14 (addressed to Jerusalem); Je 5:7 read prob. יִתְגֹּרָ֑רוּ 𝔊 Gie Du al. וּבֵית זוֹנָה יִתְגּ׳ and to a harlot’s house they throng.
גדה
גדה (cut, cut or tear away?)
גַּדָּה
גַּדָּה in חֲצַר ג׳ v. sub חצר.
גָּדָה
† [גָּדָה] n.f. bank of river (cf. Arabic جُدَّةٌ, جِدَّةٌ id., Aramaic גּוּדָּא, wall), גְּדוֹתָיו Jos 3:15; 4:18 1 Ch 12:16 Is 8:7.
גְּדוּד
I. גְּדוּד n.m. Gn 49:19 band, troop (as making inroads; others, as a division, detachment (as severed), but this usually later in Heb.)—ג׳ abs. 1 S 30:8 + 19 times; cstr. 2 Ch 25:9; pl. גְּדוּדִים 2 S 4:2 + 2 times; cstr. גְּדוּדֵי 2 K 6:23 + 6 times; sf. גְּדוּדָיו Jb 19:12; 25:3;—
1. marauding band (making incursions, inroads, cf. גדד) 1 S 30:8, 15(×2), 23 cf. 1 Ch 12:22, also 2 Ch 22:1 1 K 11:24 2 K 5:2; 6:23; 13:20, 21; 24:2(×4) cf. 2 S 22:30 = ψ 18:30, & Gn 49:19 (v. גַּד 30:11) Ho 6:9; 7:1 Je 18:22; שָׂרֵי גְּדוּדִים 2 S 4:2, cf. וַיִּתְּנֵם בְּרָאשֵׁי הַגְּדוּד 1 Ch 12:19; fig. of God’s attacking forces, his chastisements Jb 19:12 (cf. 25:3 infr.)
2. troop, of divisions of army of Isr. (late) גְּדוּדֵי צְבָא מִלְחָמָה 1 Ch 7:4, cf. 2 Ch 26:11; band of Israel, i.e. troop of mercenaries hired from Isr. by Amaziah 2 Ch 25:9, 10; בְּנֵי הַגְּדוּד i.e. soldiers of the band 2 Ch 25:13; of army in general כְּמֶלֶךְ בַּגְּדוּד Jb 29:25, in sim.; also Mi 4:14 בַּת־גְּדוּד of Zion.
3. foray, raid 2 S 3:22.
גְּדוּד²
† II. [גְּדוּד, or גְּדוּדָה] n.[m. or f.
גָּדוֹל
גָּדוֹל522 adj. great—ג׳ Gn 4:13 + 279 times; גָּדֹל Dt 26:8 + 22 times; cstr. גְּדוֹל Ex 15:16 belongs rather sub גֹּ֫דֶל Ez 17:3, 7, גְּדֹל Ex 15:16 Je 32:19, גְּדָל־ Pr 19:19, גְּדָו֯ל־ ψ 145:8 Na 1:3; sf. גְּדוֹלָם Je 6:13 + 2 times; pl. גְּדוֹלִים Ex 7:4 + 11 times, גְּדֹלִים Gn 12:17 + 22 times; cstr. גְּדֹלֵי ψ 79:11 2 K 10:6; sf. גְּדֹלָיו 2 K 10:11 Jon 3:7; גְּדוֹלָיהָ Na 3:10; f. גְּדוֹלָה Nu 22:18 + 96 times; גְּדֹלָה Gn 15:12 + 31 times; pl. גְּדוֹלֹת Ne 9:26; 12:31, גְּדֹלוֹת Dt 27:2 + 30 times, גְּדֹלֹת Nu 13:28 + 7 times;—great,
1. in magnitude and extent, e.g. sea Nu 34:6, river Gn 15:18, wilderness Dt 1:19, rain 1 K 18:45, mountain Zc 4:7, city Gn 10:12, house Je 52:13, altar Jos 22:10, throne 2 Ch 9:17, sea-monsters Gn 1:21, fish Jon 2:1, eagle Ez 17:3, terebinth 2 S 18:9, substance Gn 15:14, wealth Dn 11:2, victory 1 S 19:5; 1 S 19:22 בּוֹר הַגָּדוֹל read ב׳ הַגֹּרֶן according to 𝔊 We Dr.
2. in number, e.g. nation Gn 12:2, congregation Je 31:8, camp 1 Ch 12:22, army Ez 17:17, sacrifice 2 K 10:19. slaughter Dt 28:59 1 S 4:17.
3. in intensity, fear Dt 4:34, weeping Is 38:3, power כּחַ Ex 32:11, joy Jon 4:6, anger Dt 29:23, indignation Je 21:5, sin Gn 20:9, iniquity Gn 4:13, evil Gn 39:9, trespass Ez 9:7.
4. in sound, loud voice Gn 39:14, cry Ex 11:6, shout Jos 6:5.
5. in age, elder, eldest, son Gn 27:1, daughter Gn 29:16, brother Gn 10:21, sister Ez 16:46.
6. in importance, a. things †(הַ)דָּבָר (הַ)גָּדֹל an important thing or affair Ex 18:22 Dt 4:32 1 S 12:16 2 K 5:13; 8:13; יום יהוה Je 30:7 Ho 2:2 Jo 2:11; 3:4 Zp 1:14 Mal 3:23. b. of men, great, distinguished, Moses Ex 11:3, David 2 S 5:10, Job Jb 1:3, Mordecai Est 9:4, kings Ec 9:14 Je 27:7; especially of king of Assyrian הַמֶּלֶךְ הַגָּדוֹל 2 K 18:19, 28 = Is 36:4, 13, = Assyrian šarru rabbu, šarru dannu, e.g. KB i. 94, 1. 1; הַכֹּהֵן הַגָּדוֹל the h. p. Lv 21:10 + 20 times; (הָ)אִישׁ גָּדוֹל 1 S 25:2 2 S 19:33 2 K 5:1; אִשָּׁה גְדוֹלָה 2 K 4:8; †גָּדוֹל a great man 2 S 3:38 Mi 7:3; לֹא תֶהְדַּר פְּנֵי גָדוֹל thou shalt not honour (favour) the person of a great man (opp. דָּל) Lv 19:15 (H); †(הַ)גְּדוֹלִים the great 2 S 7:9 = 1 Ch 17:8 Ne 11:14 (vid. infr.) Pr 18:16; 25:6 Je 5:5 (2 K 10:11 𝔊L ἀγχιστεύοντας, Klo גֹּאֲלָיו); further גְּדֹלֵי הָעִיר 2 K 10:6; (כָּל־)גְּדֹלָיו 2 K 10:11; Jon 3:7; כָּל־גְּדוֹלֶיהָ Na 3:10. c. †of God, himself 2 Ch 2:4 Ne 4:8; 8:6 ψ 86:10; 99:2; 135:5; 147:5 Is 12:6 Je 10:6; (הָ)אֵל (הַ)גָּדוֹל Dt 7:21; 10:17 Ne 1:5; 9:32 ψ 77:14; 95:3 Je 32:18 Dn 9:4; גדול מכל האלהים Ex 18:11; גדול ומהלל מאד 1 Ch 16:25 ψ 48:2; 96:4; 145:3; מלך גדול ψ 47:3; 95:3 Mal 1:14; †his works Dt 11:7 Ju 2:7 ψ 111:2, †glory ψ 21:6; 138:5, †name Jos 7:9 1 S 12:22 1 K 8:42 2 Ch 6:32 ψ 76:2; 99:3 Je 10:6; 44:26 Ez 36:23 Mal 1:11(×2), mercy 1 K 3:6 2 Ch 1:8 ψ 57:11; 86:13; 108:5, goodness Ne 9:25, compassion Is 54:7.
7. in phrases †עוֹד הַיּוֹם גָּדוֹל it is yet high day (Fr. grand jour, Germ. hoch am Tage, the day is at its height) Gn 29:7; †כַּקָּטֹן כַּגָּדֹל (or reverse) as well small as great Dt 1:17 1 Ch 25:8; 26:13 2 Ch 31:15; †(לְ)מִקָּטֹן וְעַד גָּדוֹל (or reverse) from small to great Gn 19:11 1 S 5:9; 30:2, 19 2 K 23:2; 25:26 2 Ch 15:13; 34:30 Est 1:5, 20 Je 6:13; 8:10; 31:34; 42:1, 8; 44:12 Jon 3:5.
8. cstr. גְּדֹל (הַ)כְּנָפַיִם great of wings Ez 17:3, 7, so of anger Pr 19:19 (Qr); usually of God, in power Na 1:3, counsel, Je 32:19, mercy ψ 145:8.
9. as subst. concr. †עשׂה גדלות do great things, of God’s great acts of redemption and judgment Dt 10:21 Jb 5:9; 9:10; 37:5 ψ 71:19; 106:21; of the miracles of Elisha 2 K 8:4; of things too great and so presumptuous, haughty תבקשׁ ג׳ Je 45:5; מדברת ג׳ ψ 12:4; לא הלכתי בג׳ ψ 131:1 (cf. Biblical Aramaic Dn 7:8, 11, 20; also Rev 13:5).
10. †as subst. neut. greatness of arm Ex 15:16; cf. גָּבֹהַּ 4.
גְּדוּלָּה
† גְּדוּלָּה n.f. greatness—2 S 7:21 + 3 times; גְּדֻלָּה 1 Ch 29:11; cstr. גְּדֻלַּת Est 10:2; sf. גְּדוּלָּתוֹ Est 1:4; גְּדֻלָּתוֹ ψ 145:3; גְּדֻלָּתִי ψ 71:21; גְדֻלָּו֯תְךָ ψ 145:6; pl. intens. גְּדֻלּוֹת 1 Ch 17:19, 21;—chiefly late Heb.
a. of Psalmist ψ 71:21, Mordecai Est 6:3; 10:2, king Est 1:4;
b. of God’s greatness, as an attribute 1 Ch 29:11 ψ 145:3, 6, or of his acts 2 S 7:21 (cf. Dr) v 23 = 1 Ch 17:19(×2), 21.
גְּדוּפָה
† גְּדוּפָה n.f. taunt, only Ez 5:15 וְהָֽיְתָה חֶרְפָּה וּג׳ מוּסָר וּמְשַׁמָּה לַגּוֹיִם and she shall become a reproach and a taunt, an admonition and an astonishment, to the nations.
גִּדּוּפִים
† גִּדּוּפִים n.m.pl. revilings, reviling words—ג׳ Is 43:28; cstr. גִּדֻּפֵי Zp 2:8; sf. גִּדֻּפֹתָם Is 51:7 between men, Is 43:28 (‖ חֵרֶם); 51:7 Zp 2:8 (both ‖ חֶרְפָּה).
גְּדוֹר
† גְּדוֹר, גְּדֹר n.pr. (Arabic جِدَارٌ wall);—
1. n.pr.loc. city of Judah גְּדוֹר Jos 15:58; also as n.pr.m., under fig. of genealogy גְּדֹר son of Penuel 1 Ch 4:4, גְּדוֹר son of Yered 1 Ch 4:18; also הַגְּדוֹר 1 Ch 12:7 v. d. H. הַגְּדוּד Baer, cf. his note.
2. n.pr.loc. גְּדֹר 1 Ch 4:39, but read Gerar, according to 𝔊 Ew Hi Be al.
3. n.pr.m. גְּדוֹר 1 Ch 8:31; 9:37 a Benjamite, of Gibeon.