Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon
יִשְׁעִי — יְתֵת
יִשְׁעִי
† יִשְׁעִי n.pr.m. (salutary)—
1. one of the line of Jerahmeel 1 Ch 2:31(×2), 𝔊 Ισεμιηλ, A Ιεσει, 𝔊L Ιεσσουει.
2. a chief of Manasseh 1 Ch 5:24, 𝔊 Σεει, Ιεσ(σ)ει.
3. a chief of Judah 1 Ch 4:20.
4. a chief of Simeon 1 Ch 4:42.
יְשַׁעְיָה
† יְשַׁעְיָה n.pr.m. (salvation of Yah)—
1. grandson of Zerubbabel 1 Ch 3:21, 𝔊 Ιασαβα, Ιεσεια.
2. chief of the sons of Elam, who went up with Ezra Ezr 8:7, 𝔊 Ιοσεια, Ησαια, etc.
3. chief of sons of Merari in time of Ezra Ezr 8:19, 𝔊 Ωσαια, etc.
4. a Benjamite Ne 11:7, 𝔊 Ιεσια, etc.
יְשַׁעְיָ֫הוּ
יְשַׁעְיָ֫הוּ n.pr.m. (salvation of Yah; cf. אֱלִישָׁע p. 46 supr.; ישעאל on scarab ClGannJAs 1883, Fev.—Mars, 135, No. 8)—
1. Isaiah, son of ʾAmôṣ, the prophet: Is 1:1 + 15 times Is., 2 K 19:2 + 12 times K., 2 Ch 26:22; 32:20, 32, 𝔊 Ησαιας, 𝔙 Isaias.
†2. one of the children of Jeduthun 1 Ch 25:3, 15, 𝔊 Ισαια, etc.
†3. a Levite ancestor of one of David’s treasurers 1 Ch 26:25, 𝔊 Ωσαιας, 𝔊L Ιωσηε.
יִשְׁפָּה
יִשְׁפָּה v. sub שׁפה; יִשְׁפָּן v. sub שׁפן.
יָֽשְׁפֶה
† יָֽשְׁפֶה n.[m.] jasper (loan-word from Pers. يَشْم; so Arabic يَشْبٌ Lane2978, also (and on forms يَشْفٌ, يَشْمٌ) Frey; perhaps Assyrian ašpû DlHA 36, HWB 147)—תַּרְשִׁישׁ וְשֹׁהַם וְיָֽשְׁפֵ֑ה Ex 28:20; 39:13 (both P) beryl and onyx and jasper (v. Di); וְיָֽשְׁפֶ֔ה (+ id.) Ez 28:13 (v. Sm).
יִשְׁפָּה²
† יִשְׁפָּה n.pr.m. in Benjamin 1 Ch 8:16, Σαφαν, 𝔊L Ιεσφα.—יָֽשְׁפֶה v. p. 448b supr.
יִשְׁפָּן
† יִשְׁפָּן n.pr.m. in Benjamin 1 Ch 8:22; Ισφαν, A Εσφαν, 𝔊L Ιεσφαν.
י֫שֶׁר
† י֫שֶׁר n.m. ψ 25:21 straightness, uprightness;—יֹשֶׁר Pr 2:13 + 11 times; sf. יָשָׁרוֹ Jb 33:23 Pr 14:2;—
1. straightness, evenness, of paths (with moral implication) Pr 2:13; 4:11.
2. rightness, uprightness Pr 17:26; תֹּם וָיֹשֶׁר ψ 25:21; of words, spoken Jb 6:25, written Ec 12:10; of the moral walk בישׁר(ו) 1 K 9:4 Pr 14:2; יֹשֶׁר־לִבִּי Jb 33:3; ישׁר לבב Dt 9:5 ψ 119:7 1 Ch 29:17:—on ψ 111:8 v. יָשָׁר 4.
3. what is due, right Jb 33:23 Pr 11:24.
יֶ֫שֶׁר
† יֶ֫שֶׁר n.pr.m. (uprightness) son of Caleb 1 Ch 2:18 (on pointing v. Baer), 𝔊 Ιωασαρ, 𝔊L Σαρ.
יָשַׁר
† יָשַׁר vb. be smooth, straight, right (NH id., and deriv.; Arabic يَسَرَ be gentle, tractable, easy, ii. make easy; يَسَرٌ manageable, easy; but Sab. ותֿר, הותֿר, אהל יתֿרן OsZMG 1865, 270 CIS iv, 29, 2; Assyrian išâru, be or go straight, right, mêšêru, justice, mêšêriš, righteously, DlHWB 310)—
Qal Pf. יָשַׁר Je 18:4 + 2 times; 3 f. יָשְֽׁרָה Ju 14:3; Hb 2:4; 3 mpl. יָֽשְׁרוּ 1 K 9:12; Impf. יִישַׁר Nu 23:27 + 2 times; יִשַׁר 1 S 18:20, 26; 3 fs. תִּישַׁר Ju 14:7; 3 fpl. יִשַּׁרְנָה 1 S 6:12 (Ges§ 47 k 71)— 1. go straight, בַּדֶּרֶךְ in the way 1 S 6:12. 2. fig., be pleasing, agreeable, right (בְּעֵינֵי in the eyes of); said of a woman Ju 14:3, 7; a man Je 27:5; of matters and things (הַדָּבָר) 1 S 18:20, 26; 2 S 17:4; 1 Ch 13:4; 2 Ch 30:4; of cities 1 K 9:12; a place בְּעֵינֵי הָאֱלֹהִים Nu 23:27 (E); with כַּאֲשֶׁר Je 18:4. 3. in ethical sense, straightforward, upright; לֹא־יָֽשְׁרָה נַפְשׁוֹ בּוֹ Hb 2:4 his soul is not upright in him (opp. עֻפְּלָה swollen).
Pi. Pf. 1 יִשָּׁ֑רְתִּי ψ 119:128 (יִשְׁרֵהוּ Jb 37:3, 3 m. sf. Thes; but < Ew Di Hi De Da, Impf. from שָׁרָה); Impf. יְיַשֵּׁר Pr 3:6; יְיַשֶּׁר־ 15:21; sf. וַיְיַשְּׁרֵם (Mas abbrev. וַּיַּשְּׁרֵם) 2 Ch 32:30; 3 fs. תְּיַשֵּׁר Pr 11:4; 1 s. אֲיַשֵּׁר Is 45:13; אֲיַשֵּׁר v 2 Qr (Kt Hiph. אוֹשִׁר Ges§70, 2 doubtless copyist’s error); Imv. pl. יַשְּׁרוּ 40:3; Pt. pl. מְיַשְּׁרִים Pr 9:15;— 1. make smooth, straight, acc. מְסִלָּה Is 40:3; הֲדוּרִים 45:2; fig., with דֶּרֶךְ, make smooth or straight, i.e. free from obstacles, successful v 13 Pr 11:5, אֹרַח 3:6; in ethical sense, הַמְיַשְּׁרִים אָרְחוֹתָם 9:15 those making straight their paths, going straightforward on their paths; יְיַשֶּׁר־לָ֑כֶת 15:21 maketh straight his going, goeth straightforwards. 2. lead straight along, direct, waters of an aqueduct 2 Ch 32:30; (of the thunder Jb 37:3 according to some; but v. rather שָׁרָה). 3. esteem right, approve ψ 119:128 (read כל פקודיך לי יִשָּׁ֑רְתִּי).
Pu. Pt. זָהָד מְיָֻּר עַל־הַמְּחֻקֶּה 1 K 6:35 gold made level, laid smoothly out, upon the graven work.
Hiph. Impf. 3 pl. עַפְעַפֶּיךָ יַיְשִׁרוּ נֶגְדֶּ֑ךָ Pr 4:25 let thine eyelids look straight before thee; Imv. הַיְ֯שַׁר דַּרְכֶּךָ֑ make thy way even ψ 5:9 Qr (Kt הוֹשַׁר; v. Ges 70 (2)).
יָשָׁר
† יָשָׁר adj. straight, right;—י׳ 1 S 29:6 + 70 times; cstr. יְשַׁר Pr 29:27; f. יְשָׁרָה Ez 1:7 + 4 times; pl. יְשָׁרִים Nu 23:10 + 31 times; cstr. יִשְׁרֵי ψ 7:11 + 8 times; f. יְשָׁרוֹת Ez 1:23 (del. Co);—
1. straight, level, of a way Is 26:7 Je 31:9 ψ 107:7 Ezr 8:21; foot Ez 1:7; wings v 23 (? v. supr.)
2. right, pleasing: a. to God, הַיָּשָׁר בעיני that which is right, pleasing in the eyes of, agreeable to (either cstr. before י׳, or with sfs. referring to him), especially in Deut. writers, Ex 15:26 (R), Dt 12:25; 13:19; 21:9 1 K 11:33, 38; 14:8, 15:5, 11; 22:43 = 2 Ch 20:32, 2 K 10:30, 12:3; 14:3; 15:3, 34; 16:2; 18:3; 22:2 = 2 Ch 24:2; 25:2; 26:4; 27:2; 28:1; 29:2; 34:2, Je 34:15; הישׁר והטוב בעיני י׳ Dt 6:18; הטוב והישׁר בעיני י׳ 12:28 2 Ch 14:1; הטוב והישׁר והאמת לפני י׳ 31:20. b. to man, (ה)ישׁר בעיני Dt 12:8 Ju 17:6; 21:25 2 S 19:7 Je 40:5 Pr 12:15; 21:2; (ה)טוב ו(ה)ישׁר בעיני Jos 9:25 (D), Je 26:14; 40:4; יֵשׁ דֶּרֶךְ יָשָׁר לִפְנֵי־אִישׁ Pr 14:12 there is a way which is pleasing before a man = 16:25.
3. straightforward, just, upright: a. of God, צַדִּיק וְיָשָׁר הוּא Dt 32:4 (song); טוב וישׁר י׳ ψ 25:8; ישׁר י׳ 92:16; his ways Ho 14:10; his משׁפטים Ne 9:13 ψ 119:137; פִּקּוּדִים 19:9; דָּבָר 33:4; the words of divine wisdom Pr 8:9. b. of man, God made him upright Ec 7:29; but יָשָׁר בָּאָדָם אָ֑יִן Mi 7:2 an upright man among men there is none, and yet Job is תָּם וְיָשָׁר Jb 1:1 (v. Da), v 8; 2:3, cf. ψ 37:37; זַךְ וישׁר Jb 8:6; so earlier of David as an uprightman 1 S 29:6; of man’s doings ‖ זַךְ Pr 20:11, cf. 21:8; of his way of life ‖ טובה 1 S 12:23; יְשַׁר־דֶּרֶךְ Pr 29:27; יִשְׁרִי־דֶרֶךְ ψ 37:14; of his heart, mind, and will, יִשְׁרֵי לֵבָב upright of heart 2 Ch 29:34; רִשְׁרֵי־לֵב ψ 7:11; 11:2; 32:11; 36:11; 64:11; 94:15; 97:11; יְשָׁרִים בְּלִבּוֹתָם 125:4. c. as a noun, (1) with ref. to things, יָשָׁר הֶעֱוֵיתִי the right I have perverted Jb 33:27; הַיְשָׁרָה יְעַקֵּ֑שׁוּ Mi 3:9 pervert the right (lit. twist that which is straight); דֹּבֵר יְשָׁרִים speaketh right things Pr 16:13, cf. 2 K 10:15. (2) more commonly of men, in sg. (ה)יָשָׁר Mi 2:7; 7:4 2 K 10:3 Pr 21:29 Jb 23:7; collective, ψ 11:7; also in סֵפֶר הַיָּשָׁר book of the upright Jos 10:13 2 S 1:18 (cf. 1 K 8:53 𝔊; DrIntr. 182), a collection of ancient national poetry; in pl. יְשָׁרִים the upright, of pious Israel Nu 23:10 (song E); elsewhere of the upright among the people of God as distinguished from the wicked, in WisdLt, Jb 4:7; 17:8 Pr 2:7, 21; 3:32; 11:3, 6, 11; 12:6; 14:9, 11; 15:8, 19; 16:17; 21:18; 28:10; 29:10, in late ψψ 33:1; 49:15; 107:42; 111:1; 112:2, 4; 140:14 and Dn 11:17.
4. abstr., uprightness, בֶּאֱמֶת וְיָשָׁר ψ 111:8 (Thes), but read rather ישֶׁר with Hi Ri Bae, after 𝔊 𝔖 𝔗 Jer.
יִשְׂרָאֵל
יִשְׂרָאֵל n.pr., and deriv., v. sub i. שׂרה.
יִשְׂרָאֵל²
יִשְׂרָאֵל2507 n.pr.m. et gent. Israel (E†l persisteth, persevereth (or juss. Let E†l persist) [usually contendeth (NesEg 60 ff.) or Let E†l contend (GrayProp. N. 218), but v. DrHastDict. Bib. Jacob 530]; on vocalization v. LagBN 131 f. Kit 1 Ch 4:16 (Hpt); MI5, + 5 times ישראל; in Egyptian Y-si-r-ʾl SteindorffZAW xvi (1896), 331, cf. BreastedBib. World ix (1897), 62 ff. PatonSyriac and Pal. 134; Assyrian Sir-ʾ-lai (= יִשְׂרְאֵלִי) SchrKG 356 ff., 364; COT Gn 36:31, 1 K 16:29.—On a poss. relation of יִשׂ׳ to n.pr. שָׂרַי, שָׂרָה v. RSK 257, 2nd ed. 34;—cf. שְׂרָיָה(וּ));—Ισραηλ:
1. n.pr.m. second name of Jacob Gn 32:29 + 28 times Gn (JE), Ex 32:13 (JE), Ho 12:13; Ju 18:29; Ex 6:14; Nu 1:20; 26:5 (all P), 2 K 17:34 1 Ch 1:34 + 8 times Chr, ψ 105:23; בֵּית יִשׂ׳ Ru 4:11; בְּנֵי יִשׂ׳ (lit.) Gn 42:5 + 3 times E, 2 times P + Ex 1:7 (P; transition to wider use), 1 K 18:31 1 Ch 2:1 +; = 12 tribes Ex 28:9 + 7 times P; אֱלֹהֵי אַבְרָהָם יִצְחָק וְיִשׂ׳ †1 K 18:36; 1 Ch 29:18; 2 Ch 30:6.
2. n.pr.gent. (usually m. Ju 11:17 f. but f. 1 S 17:21; 2 S 24:9 [not ‖ 1 Ch 21:5], cf. Drad loc. AlbrZAW xvi (1896), 57 f.): name of Hebrew nation; usually der. from 1, but יִשׂ׳ more common in early usage than בְּנֵי יִשׂ׳ (v. בֵּן p. 120b): a. (1) undivided kingdom; יִשׂ׳ Gn 47:27 (J), 49:7 (poem in J) + 108 times JE, Dt 1:1; 18:6; 33:10 (poem) + 76 times D, Gn 34:7 Ex 12:15 + 42 times P; Ju 5:2, 7(×2) + 104 times Ju, often 1 and 2 S, 1 K 1—12; כָּל־יִשׂ׳ of whole people 2 S 8:15 +, of whole army 11:1 +, opp. Judah 2:9 + (so also later). (2) יִשׂ׳ = N. tribes, disting. from Judah, even before disruption, 2 S 2:9, cf. v 10 3:10; 4:1; 5:5; 12:7; 20:1 1 K 1:35; 4:20; 5:5 +; so at disruption 12:16(×3), 18, 19; then usually of N. kingdom, till its fall, v 28; 24:7, 10 + very often K, Am 1:1; 2:6; 3:14 +, Ho 1:5; 4:15(×2); 5:3(×2), 5 +, Mi 1:13, etc. (3) יִשׂ׳ of S. kingdom, Judah, rarely bef. fall of Samaria Is 1:3; 8:18 Mi 1:14, 15, so בְּנֵי יִשׂ׳ 1 K 12:17; after fall of Sam., יִשׂ׳ (less often בְּנֵי יִשׂ׳) occurs of entire people, in reference to past or future 2 K 21:8; 23:22; Is 17:9 ψ 103:7; Je 2:3; 50:17, 19 +; יִשׂ׳ also = Judah Je 2:14, 31; 4:1 +, Ez 13:2, 4, 16; 14:1, 7, 9 +, Is 40:27; 41:8; 42:24 +, Ezr 2:59 = Ne 7:61, Ezr 2:70; 3:11 +, Ne 10:34; 10:3 +, ψ 14:7(×2) = 53:7(×2), 147:2; 149:2 +, etc. (4) usage in Chr: יִשׂ׳ of whole people 1 Ch 2:7 + 110 times, of N. kingdom 2 Ch 11:1 + 16 times, of Judah 12:6; 19:8 + 9 times (5) יִשׂ׳ personif. as עֶבֶד י׳, Is 44:1, 21; 49:3 b. בְּנֵי יִשׂ׳, (1) of undiv. people Ex 1:12 (J), 3:9 (E) + 72 times JE, Dt 3:18; 10:6 + 25 times D, Gn 32:33 + 327 times P; Ju 1:1 + 60 times Ju; seld. 1 and 2 Sm, 1 K 1—12; in 13—2 K 25 pass. in ref. to older hist. (rarely otherwise). (2) seldom of N. kingdom Am 2:11 + 9 times Am Ho, 2 Ch 13:12 + 7 times Chr. (3) of Judah (late) Ez 2:3; Ne 1:6(×2) Ezr 3:1; Jo 4:16 +, 2 Ch 31:5. c. בֵּית יִשׂ׳ Ex 16:31; 40:38 + 142 times (v. בַּיִת 5 d (δ); 81 times Ez, where = Judah; v. especially 37:16); שְׁנֵי בָֽתֵּי יִשׂ׳ Is 8:14. d. other phrases, v. sub אִישׁ, אֶרֶץ, בַּת, בְּתוּלָה, גְּבוּל, הַר, כִּסֵּא, מֶלֶךְ, נטה) מַטֶּה), יעד) עֵדָה), עַם, שֵׁבֶט; also (in epith. of י׳) sub אָבִיר, אוֹר, אֱלֹהִים, I. גָּאַל, מֶלֶךְ, מִקְוֶה (I. קוה), i. צוּר (V. צור), קָדוֹשׁ, I. רָעָה 1 d (3). †e. יִשׂ׳ =the laity, opp. priests, etc. (late): Ezr 10:25; Ne 11:3; 1 Ch 9:2 כָּל־יִשׂ׳ Ezr 2:70; 10:5; הָעָם יִשׂ׳ 9:1; בְּנֵי יִשׂ׳ Ne 10:40, cf. שְׁאָר יִשׂ׳ 11:20.
יְשַׂרְאֵ֫לָה
יְשַׂרְאֵ֫לָה n.pr.m. a son of Asaph 1 Ch. 25:14 = אֲשַׂראֵ֫לָה (q.v.) v 2 (etym. dubious).
יִשְׂרְאֵלִי
† יִשְׂרְאֵלִי adj.gent. of foregoing;—m. הַיִּשׂ׳ Lv 24:10; f. הַיִּשְׂרְאֵלִית v 10, 11, cf. v 10.—2 S 17:25 < הַיִּשְׁמְעֵאלִי, 𝔊A Th We Dr al. (so ‖ 1 Ch 2:19).
יְשָׁרָה
† [יְשָׁרָה] n.f. uprightness;—בְּיִשְׁרַת לֵבָב 1 K 3:6 (for form see Bö§ 644 a Kö§ 90 (ii, 170)).
יְשֻׁרוּן
† יְשֻׁרוּן n.pr.m. (upright one) Dt 32:15; 33:5, 26 Is 44:2; poetic name of Israel, designating it under its ideal character, 𝔊 ὁ ἠγαπημένος Aq Sym Theod εὐθύς, 𝔙 rectissimus, dilectus; Thes Ew§ 167 a LagBN 33 regard it as dimin. from יָשׁוּר = good little people; but no evidence that -וּן has a dimin. force, and most recent scholars De Di Dr MV Ges§ 86 (2), 4 take as denom. = Rechtvolk; BacherZAW v, 1885, 161 ff. and Che rightly compare סֵפֶר הַיָּשָׁר (see יָשָׁר 3 e).
ישׁשׁ
ישׁשׁ (√ of foll.; cf. Arabic وَثْوَاثٌ weak or impotent man, وَثْوَثَةٌ weakness, impotence, Lane2919).
יָשֵׁשׁ
† יָשֵׁשׁ adj. aged, decrepit, only זָקֵן וְיָשֵׁשׁ 2 Ch 36:17.
יִשָּׂשכָר
† יִשָּׂשכָר (so always MT, Qr perpet.; Ben Napht. יִשְׂשָׂכָר Baer Gn p. 84 f.) n.pr.m. Issachar (etym. and meaning dub.; MT as Niph. Impf. √ שׂכר; Kt = יֵשׁ שָׂכָר there is recompense (cf. Gn 30:18), so Thes al.; this the true etym. according to Ol§§ 69 c; 277 f. Köi. 120 v. יֵשׁ שָׂכָר Je 31:16 2 Ch 15:7; = אִישׁ שָׂכָר (a more prob. combination in n.pr.) WeSam. 95; > יִשָּׂכָר (MT), or יִשָּׂא שׂכר; 𝔊 Ισσαχαρ, see especially Gn 30:18 Ισσαχαρ, ὅ ἐστιν μισθός)—
1. fifth son of Jacob and Leah (appar. ninth son of Jacob) Gn 30:18; 35:23; 46:13; 49:14; Ex 1:3; Nu 1:8; בְּנֵי ישׂ׳ Nu 1:28; 2:5; 26:23; Jos 19:17; 1 Ch 7:1; 12:33 (v 32 van d. H.); מִשְׁפְּחוֹת ישׂ׳ Nu 26:25; 1 Ch 7:5; מַטֵּה ישׂ׳ Nu 1:29; 2:5; 13:7; Jos 21:6, 28; 1 Ch 6:47, 57; מטה בני ישׂ׳ Nu 10:15; 34:26; Jos 19:23; בֵּית ישׂ׳ 1 K 15:27; hence ישׂ׳ alone = tribe of Issachar, Nu 7:18; Dt 27:12; 33:18 Jos 19:17; Ju 5:15(×2); 10:1; Ez 48:33 (שׁער ישׂ׳), 1 Ch 27:18; 2 Ch 30:18; = territory of the tribe Jos 17:10, 11; 1 K 4:17; 1 Ch 12:41 (v 40 van d. H.); transit. from tribe to territory Ez 48:25, 26.
2. 7th son of Obed-Edom 1 Ch 26:5.
יִשָּׂשׂכָר
יִשָּׂשׂכָר v. p. 441 supr.
יתד
יתד (√ of foll.; meaning dub.; Arabic وَتَدَ drive in peg, be firm (of peg), is appar. denom.)
יָתֵד
† יָתֵד n.f. Dt 23:14 Ju 4:21 peg, pin (NH id.; Arabic وَتِدٌ )—יָתֵד Dt 23:14 + 9 times; cstr. יְתַד Ju 4:21; 16:14 (where c. art. but v. Ges§ 127, R. 4a); pl. יְתֵדֹת Ex 38:20; cstr. יִתְדֹת 27:19 + 4 times; sf. וִיתֵידֹתַיִךְ Is 54:2; יְתֵדֹתָיו Ex 27:19 Is 33:20; וִיתֵדֹתֶיהָ Ex 39:40; וִיתֵדֹתָם Nu 3:37; 4:32;—pin, peg, especially
a. 2 Ju 5:26; 4:21; יְתַד הָאֹהֶל v 22; read perhaps also Jb 4:21 (fig.; cf. ii. יֶתֶר); often of tabernacle Ex 27:19(×2); 35:18(×2); 38:20, 31(×2); ‖מֵיתָרָיו 39:40, cf. Nu 3:37; 4:32 (all P); of Zion under fig. of tent Is 33:20; 54:2; fig. of ruler as support of state Zc 10:4.
b. a peg for hanging Ez 15:3; so fig. of Eliakim Is 22:23, 24; of secure position Ezr 9:8 (cf. Arabic, v. Thes Hi Hariri 361 Der., ثابت الأَوْتَادِ of a king).
c. for digging Dt 23:14 (= spade).
d. the pin or stick used in beating up the woof in the loom Ju 16:14a, vid. GFMPAOS, Oct. 1889, clxxvi. ff.; in היתד הארג v b, del. היתד (Id.ib and in Comm. ad loc.)
יָתוֹם
† יָתוֹם n.[m.] orphan (NH id.; Aramaic יַתְמָא, ܝܰܬܡܳܐ; Ph. יתם; Arabic يَتِيمٌ pupil, orphan)—יָתוֹם Ex 22:21 + 29 times; pl. יְתוֹמִים v 23 + 8 times; sf. יְתֹמֶיךָ Je 49:11; יְתֹמָיו Is 9:16; לִיתוֹמָיו ψ 109:12;—orphan, i.e. fatherless (‖ אַלְמָנָה) Ex 22:23 ψ 109:9 La 5:3 (‖ אֵין אָב); Jb 24:9 ψ 109:12; prob. also Ex 22:21 Dt 10:18; 14:29; 16:11, 14; 24:17, 19, 20, 21; 26:12, 13; 27:19 ψ 94:6; 146:9 Je 7:6; 22:3 Zc 7:10 Mal 3:5 (in all these, mentioned as helpless, exposed to injury, ‖ אַלְמָנָה and גֵּר); similarly, ‖ אַלְמָנָה Jb 22:9; 24:3; 29:12; 31:17 ψ 68:6 Is 1:17, 23; 9:16; 10:2 Je 49:11 Ez 22:7; without אלמנה Ho 14:4 Jb 6:27; 31:21 ψ 10:14, 18 Pr 23:10 Je 5:28 (in no case clear that both parents are dead).
יְתוּר
יְתוּר²
יְתוּר Jb 39:8 appar. n.m. a searching, but v. √.
יתח
יתח (assumed by Thes as √ of foll.;) cf. Arabic وَتَخَ beat with a club, chastise; مِيتَخَةٌ club; BaNB 294 der. ת׳ as loan-word from Assyrian tartaḫu ‘arrow’, but this misread (s. MeissnerBAWb I 51—2 and EbelingFestschr. Oppenheim 33).
יַתִּיר
† יַתִּיר, יַתִּר n.pr.loc. town in Judah (√ dub.);—יַתִּיר Jos 15:48, 𝔊 Ι(ε)θερ; elsewhere יַתִּר, Levitical city Jos 21:14 (both P), 𝔊 Αιλωμ, A 𝔊L Ιεθερ, 1 Ch 6:42, 𝔊 [v 43] Ιεθθαρ, A Ιεθερ; prob. = יַתִּר 1 S 30:27, 𝔊 Γεθθορ, A Ειεθερ;—according to Onom. = Ιεθειρα, village 20 miles from Eleutheropolis, LagOnom. 266, 133; ed. 2, p. 268; identified by RobBR i, 494 (who, however, questions ʿ (ע) = י) BdPal. 3, 153 with ʿAttîr, halfway between Hebron and Milḥ; so, ‘perhaps,’ BuhlGeogr. § 91, p. 164; this not certain, cf. Di.
יִתְלָה
יִתְלָה v. תלה.
יִתְלָה²
† יִתְלָה n.pr.loc. in (Southern) Dan Jos 19:42; Σιλαθα, 𝔊L Ιθλα.
יתם
יתם (√ of foll.; cf. Arabic يَتَمَ, يَتِمَ be alone, bereaved, Aramaic adj. and subst. ܝܻܬܶܡ, 𝔗 יִתָּם = יָתוֹם; vid. LagBN 30 BaNB 194).
יִתְמָה
† יִתְמָה n.pr.m. one of David’s valiant men, called הַמּוֹאָכִי 1 Ch 11:46, 𝔊 (Ι)εθαμα; 𝔊L Ιεθαμ.
יתן
יתן (√ of foll.; cf. Arabic وَتَنَ 2, especially of water, وَاتِنٌ a permanent thing: Ph. ירח אתנם CIS I. i. 86 A; W PSBA 1886 (ix), 47).
יַתְנִיאֵל
יַתְנִיאֵל v. תנה.
יַתְנִיאֵל²
† יַתְנִיאֵל n.pr.m. a Levite (Ēl hireth);—1 Ch 26:2; Ιενουηλ, 𝔊L Ναθαναηλ.
יִתְנָ֑ן
† יִתְנָ֑ן n.pr.loc. (etym. dub.) city in the Negeb of Judah Jos 15:23 (foll. by זִיף v 24), 𝔊 A Ιθναζιφ, 𝔊L Ιθναν, Ζειφ; site unknown.
יֶ֫תֶר
I. יֶ֫תֶר94 n.m. Ne 2:16 remainder, excess, pre-eminence;—abs. יֶ֫תָר Ne 2:16 + 2times; יָתֶ֑ר Pr 17:7; cstr. יֶתֶ֫ר Gn 49:3 + 84 times; יֶ֫תֶר Is 56:12 (vid. Baer’s note); sf. יִתְרוֹ Is 44:19; יִתְרָם Ex 23;11 + 2 times (not Jb 4:21, q.v. sub ii. יֶתֶר);—
1. †a. remainder, remnant (with implied inferiority in number or quality), of crops, etc. יִתְרָם Ex 23:11 (JE), their remnant, i.e. what they (the enemy) leave, so יֶתֶר הַגָּזָם Jo 1:4; יֶתֶר הָאַרְבֶּה v 4; יֶתֶר הַיֶּלֶק v 4; יֶתֶר הַפְּלֵטָה הַנִּשְׁאֶרֶת EX 10:5 (J); of vessels, יֶתֶר הַכֵּלִים הַנּוֹתָרִים Je 27:19; of a tree Is 44:19 (= שְׁאֵרִית v 17); elsewhere of pers. Dt 3:11 = Jos 12:4; 13:12 (both D), Dt 28:54 Jos 23:12 (D), 2 S 21:2 2 K 25:11 = Je 52:15, Ez 34:18; of a rescued remnant of Israel (Judah) Mi 5:2 Zp 2:9 (‖ שְׁאֵרִית), Zc 14:2; יֶתֶר הַקָּדֵשׁ אֲשֶׁר נִשְׁאַר 1 K 22:47; יֶתֶר הָעָם הַנִּשְׁאָרִים Je 36:9(×2) 2 K 25:11 = Je 52:15†. b. remainder, rest, other part of people, elders, etc., 2 S 10:10 = 1 Ch 19:11, 2 S 12:28 1 K 12:23 Je 29:1 Hb 2:8 Ez 48:23; sometimes incl. a majority Ju 7:6 1 S 13:2; of common people (opp. rulers) Ne 2:16; 4:8, 13, cf. 6:1; of land Dt 3:13 Jos 13:27 (P); of other inanimate things Lv 14:17 (P), Nu 31:32 (id.), of years Is 38:10; elsewhere in phr. יֶתֶר דִּבְרֵי the rest of the affairs of, in summaries of reigns of kings of Israel and Judah 1 K 11:41 + 41 times K Ch; יֶתֶר כָּל־דִּבְרֵי 1 K 15:23; יֶתֶר דְּבָרָיו 2 Ch 28:26.
†2. a. excess, שְׂפַת יָ֑תֶר Pr 17:7 a lip of excess = arrogant speech (see VB). b. in adv. phrases, עַל יֶתֶר ψ 31:24 on the basis of abundance = abundantly, as adv. accus. גָּדוֹל יֶתֶר מְאֹד Is 56:12 great, in abundance, exceedingly, Dn 8:9 וַתִּגְדַּל־יֶתֶר and grew great in excess, exceedingly (cf. ܝܰܬܻܝܪ much, ܝܰܬܻܝܪ ܡܶܢ more than). c. specif. what is over and above immediate necessities, abundance, affluence Jb 22:20 ψ 17:14.
†3. superiority, pre-eminence יֶתֶר שְׂאֵת וְיֶתֶר עָ֑ז Gn 49:3.—On Jb 4:21 v. ii. יֶתֶר.
יָתֵר
יָתַר
[יָתַר107] vb. remain over (NH id.; Aramaic יְתַר, ܝܺܬܰܪ id.; Zinj. יתר n. rest, remainder; Ethiopic ወተረ Assyrian [atâru], remain over, in der. conj., DlHWB; in Sab. ותר CIS iv, 15, 46, p. 77; especially n. ותר as epithet of king = noble one, and as n.pr. ותרם MordtZMG, 1876, 37, 292 DHMZMG, 1883, 15 CISiv, 10; Arabic وَتَرَ is make single, make to be one, or an odd number)—
†Qal Pt. הַיּוֹתֵר 1 S 15:15 the remainder†.
Niph. be left over, remain over; Pf. נוֹתַר Ex 10:15 + 8 times, etc.; Impf. יִוָּתֵר 2 K 20:17 + 2 times; יִוָּתֶ֥ר בָּ֑הּ Zc 13:8; וַיִּוָּתֵר Gn 32:25 + 2 times; וָאִוָּתֵר 1 K 19:10, 14, etc.; Pt. נוֹתָר 1 S 2:26 + 17 times, נֹתָר Ex 12:10; fs. נוֹתֶ֫רֶת Lv 2:3 + 3 times; mpl. נוֹתָרִים Ju 8:10 + 24 times, etc.;—be left over, remain (over), abs. Ex 10:15 (J), Jos 11:11, 22 (D), Ju 9:5 Is 1:8; 30:17 1 K 18:22 2 K 20:17 = Is 39:6; sq. לְבַדּוֹ be left alone Gn 32:25 (J), so 1 K 19:10, 14; sq. מִן be left from (= of) 2 S 13:30 Ex 29:34 Nu 26:65 (both P), ψ 106:11; pt. sq. מִן Ju 8:10 + 10 times P, 1 K 9:20 = 2 Ch 8:7, Zc 14:16 1 Ch 6:46; sq. לְ, be left (surviving) to, 1 S 25:34 2 S 9:1, of those belonging to Gn 44:20 (J; לְבַדּוֹ לְאִמּוֹ); sq. בְּ be left in (= of) 2 S 17:12 Jos 18:2 (JE), also pt. Lv 8:32; 14:18 (P), Ez 48:15, 18; often sq. בְּ loc. &Am 6:9 + 11 times; sq. בֵּית in the house of Je 27:21; sq. על־פני הארץ Ez 39:14 (pt.); sq. אַחֲרֵי = be left behind (of sons) 1 K 9:21 = 2 Ch 8:8; sq. שָׁם + אֵצֶל Dn 10:13 I was left over there beside the kings (i.e. I had nothing more to do; cf. VB); elsewhere pt. abs., as adj. Gn 30:36 (J), Jos 17:2, 6 (JE), Lv 10:12, 16; 27:18 Jos 21:5, 26, 34 (all P), Je 34:7 1 Ch 6:55, 62; 24:20; as subst. Ju 21:7, 16 1 S 30:9 Ex 28:10; 29:34 Lv 19:6 (all P), 1 K 20:30(×2) 2 K 4:7 Ez 34:18; 48:21 2 Ch 31:10.
†Hiph. Pf. הוֹתִיר Ex 10:15 Is 1:9, etc.; Impf. יוֹתִיר Dt 28:54; juss. יוֹתֵר Ex 16:19; וַיּוֹתֵר 2 S 8:4 2 Ch 18:4; 3 fs. וַתֹּתַ֑ר Ru 2:14; 2 ms. juss. תּוֹתַר Gn 49:4; 1 s. אוֹתִיר Ez 39:28; 3 mpl. וַיּוֹתִרוּ Ex 16:20 2 K 4:44; 2 mpl. תּוֹתִירוּ Ex 12:10 + 2 times; Imv. הוֹתֵר ψ 79:11; Inf. abs. הוֹתֵר 2 K 4:43 + 2 times; cstr. הוֹתִיר Je 44:7;— 1. a. leave over, leave Ex 10:15 (J), Ru 2:14 (obj.om.), v 18 2 K 4:43 (אָכוֹל וְהוֹתֵר, v. infr.), v 44 (obj.om. in both), 2 Ch 31:10; יֶתֶר בָּנָיו אֲשֶׁר יוֹתִיר Dt 28:54; sq. obj. שָׂרִיד + ל pers. Is 1:9; obj. שְׁאֵרִית + ל pers. Je 44:7; sq. מִן from (= of), 2 S 8:4 = 1 Ch 18:4, Nu 33:55 (P), Ez 12:16; + עַד temp. Ex 12:10; 16:19, 20 (all P), Lv 22:30 (H); + שָׁם loc. Ez 39:28. b. abs. leave a remnant Ez 6:8 (denom. from יֶתֶר? c. save over ψ 79:11 < הַתֵּר release (We 𝔙 𝔗). 2. excel, shew pre-eminence Gn 49:4 (Poem in J). 3. shew excess = have more than enough Ex 36:7 (P; vid. also 2 K 4:43 2 Ch 31:10 supr.); make abundant Dt 28:11; 30:9 (sq. sf. pers. + ב rei.).
יֶ֫תֶר²
† II. יֶ֫תֶר n.m. Ju 16:7 cord (proposes as hanging over or down; Aramaic יַתְרָא part of the intestines, 𝔗 יְתָרַיָּא ropes, ܝܰܬܪܳܐ cord, rope, chord of arc; Arabic وَتَرٌ bow-string, lute-string; Ethiopic ወትር sinew, cord; ወተረ stretch bowstring, strain (eyes), be intent, eager, etc.)—יֶתֶ֑ר ψ 11:2 + 5times; sf. יִתְרוֹ Kt Jb 30:11 (יִתְרִי Qr); יִתְרָם Jb 4:21;—cord, for binding a man Ju 16:7, 8, 9; bowstring ψ 11:2 Jb 30:11 (according to Qr, opp. 29:20 b; Kt = his cord, with which he reins in my assailants; cf. Di Da). Jb 4:21 tent-cord Ew De Di RV; yet read perhaps יְתֵדָם their tent-peg, so Ol Hi Sgfr (> AV their excellency, from i. יֶתֶר).
יֶ֫תֶר³
† III. יֶ֫תֶר n.pr.m. (abundance; on form and meaning of this and the foll. n.pr. v. LagBN52, 198)—
1. father of Moses’ wife Ex 4:18 a (E; prob. textual error, elsewhere יִתְרוֹ, q.v.)
2. eldest son of Gideon Ju 8:20, 𝔊 Ιεθερ.
3. father of Amasa 1 K 2:5, 32 1 Ch 2:17, 𝔊 Ιεθερ; = יִתְרָא 2 S 17:25, 𝔊 Ιοθερ, Ιοθορ; 𝔊L Ιεθερ.
4. men of Judah, 𝔊 Ιεθερ: a. 1 Ch 2:32(×2). b. 1 Ch 4:17.
5. a man of Asher 1 Ch 7:38 (= יִתְרָן v 37), 𝔊 Ιεθερ, A Ιεθηρ, 𝔊L [v 39] Εθραν.
יִתְרָא
† יִתְרָא n.pr.m. father of Amasa 2 S 17:25 (v. iii. יֶתֶר 3).
יִתְרָה
† יִתְרָה n.f. abundance, riches;—יִתְרָה עָשָׂה Is 15:7 = יִתְרַת עָשָׂה Je 48:36 (on cstr. cf. DaSynt. § 25) the abundance (which) he hath gotten.
יִתְרוֹ
† יִתְרוֹ n.pr.m. father of Moses’ wife Ex 3:1; 4:18 b; 18:1, 2, 5, 6, 9, 10, 12 (all E), = יֶתֶר 4:18; in all 𝔊 Ιοθορ.
יִתְרוֹן
† יִתְרוֹן n.[m.] advantage, profit, only Ec;—abs. Ec 1:3 + 4 times; cstr. Ec 2:13 + 4 times;—advantage to (ל) any one, מַה־יִתְרוֹן לָאָדָם Ec 1:3, i.e. what advantage hath a man? 5:15; 10:11; sq. מִן compar. = advantage beyond, more than 2:13(×2); cstr. יִתְדוֹן הָעוֹשֶׂה 3:9 advantage of (for) him that worketh; יִתְרוֹן אֶרֶץ 5:8; יִתְרוֹן דַּעַת 7:12 advantage of knowledge; וְיִתְרוֹן הַכְשֵׁיר חָכְמָה Ec 10:10 an advantage for giving success is wisdom; abs. אֵין יִתְרוֹן תַּחַת הַשָּׁ֑מֶשׁ Ec 2:11.
יִתְרִי
† יִתְרִי adj.gent., always c. art. הַיִּתְרִי 2 S 23:38, 𝔊 Αιθειραιος, etc.; v 38, 𝔊 Εθθεναιος, 𝔊L Ιεθεμ; read perhaps הַיַּתִּירִי Th Klo Kit. Bu; = 1 Ch 11:40(×2), 𝔊 Ηθηρει, Ιεθ(ε)ρι, etc.; coll. 1 Ch 2:53, 𝔊 Αιθαλειμ, 𝔊L Εθρι.
יִתְרָן
† יִתְרָן n.pr.m.
1. an Edomite Gn 36:26 = 1 Ch 1:41, 𝔊 Ι(ε)θραν, etc.
2. a man of Asher 1 Ch 7:37 (v. iii. יֶתֶר 5), 𝔊 Θερα, A Ιεθερ, 𝔊L [v 38] Ιεθραν.
יִתְרְעָם
† יִתְרְעָם n.m. 6th son of David 2 S 3:5 = 1 Ch 3:3, 𝔊 Ιθ(α)ραμ, Ιεθρααμ, etc.
יֹתֶ֫רֶת
† יֹתֶ֫רֶת n.f. appendage (term. techn. of P);—most prob. (fat) appendage, a (fatty) mass at opening of liver of sacrificial animal, extending to kidneys (v. Di DrPolychr. Bible, Lv 3, 4); GFM (Dec. 28, 1899, privately) points out that fat parts are always disting. from this; cf. now on יתרת Id.Sacrifice EB 4206 and especially Id.Oriental. Stud. für Th. Noldeke (1906), 761, where it is shewn to be the caudate lobe of the liver. הַיֹּתֶרֶת עַל־הַכָּבֵד Ex 29:13 Lv 3:4, 10, 15; 4:9; 7:4; הַיּ׳מִן־הַכָּבֵד Lv 9:10; cstr. יֹתֶרֶת הַכָּבֵד Ex 29:22 Lv 8:16, 25; 9:19 (all P).
יְתֵת
† יְתֵת n.pr.m. an Edomite chief Gn 36:40, 𝔊 Ιεβερ = 1 Ch 1:51, 𝔊 Ιεθετ; 𝔊L in both Ιεθερ.