Brown-Driver-Briggs Lexicon

דּוּר² — דָּפְקָה

דּוּר²

† דּוּר n.[m.] circle, ball—
1. circle Du Is 29:3 thinks noun here also is כַּדּוּד (or כִּדּוֹד) = כִּידוֹר onset of combatants; Marti כְּדָוִד as 𝔊 Lo Brd al. וְחָנִיתִי כַּדּוּר עליך Is 29:3 (> 𝔊 Brd כְּדָוִד).
2. ball צָנוֹף יִצְנָפְךָ צְנֵפָה כַּדּוּר Is 22:18 (so most; but Bö^{NÄ ii. 134} De Or Jastr ^{PAOS 1888, xcv. ff.} regard noun as כַּדּוּר, ball, as Talm., from כדר cf. also MV SS s.v.). [
3. heap, pile Ez 24:5 Thes Ke MV cf. מְדוּרָה v 9; but v. supr. sub דּוּר vb.]

דּוּשׁ

† דּוּשׁ, דִּישׁ vb. tread, thresh (Arabic دَاسَ, Assyrian dâšu, Impf. 1 s. adîš Dl^{Pr 191} COT ^Gloss. Hom^{NS 391}; cf. NH דּוּשׁ, Aramaic id., ܕܳܫ; v. further Nö^{ZMG 1883, 538})—
Qal Pf. דָּשׁ 1 Ch 21:20, וְדַשְׁתִּ֫י Ju 8:7; Impf. וַיָּדָשׁ so read for וַיֹּדַע Ju 8:16 cf. Be Door Bu Vrss 2 ms. תָּדוּשׁ Is 41:15 Hb 3:12; 3 ms. sf. יְדוּשֶׁ֑נּוּ Is 28:28; 3 fs. sf. תְּדוּשֶׁ֑הָ Jb 39:15; Imv. fs. דּוֹשִׁי Mi 4:13; Inf. cstr. לָדֻשׁ 2 K 13:7, לָדוּשׁ Ho 10:11, sf. דּוּשָׁם Am. 1:3; דִּישׁוֹ Dt 25:4; abs. אָדוֹשׁ Is 28:28 as if from אדשׁ cf. Kö^{i 444}; yet אדשׁ nowhere else & form very possibly textual error, cf. Ol^{§ 245 k}; Pt. f. דָּשָׁא Je 50:11;—tread on, trample on, c. acc. Jb 39:15 (beast on eggs, ‖ זוּר); thresh, lit. c. acc. חִטִּים 1 Ch 21:20 Je 50:11, לֶחֶם (i.e. its material) Is 28:28 (in sim.); abs. 2 K 13:7 (in sim.); Ho 10:11 (metaph. of Ephraim as heifer); tread or thresh Ju 8:7 with (אֶת = together with, cf. Stu; Ew§ 234 e takes as acc., & vb. as abbrev. Hiph.) thorns, קוֹצִים and בַּרְקָנִים q.v.; and also in Ju 8:16 (read וידשׁ cf. supr.) sq. בָּהֶם, with them, ref. to קוצים and ברקנים; fig. of devastation of land Am 1:3 (Gilead), destruction of peoples Hb 3:12 (גוים); espec. Mi 4:13 (abs.), where full metaph.; hyperbol. of Israel Is 41:15 c. acc. הרים.—
Niph. be trampled down, Pf. וְנָדוֹשׁ consec. Is 25:10 fig., subj. Moab; Inf. הִדּוּשׁ ib. (simile, subj. מתבן straw-heap; on form cf. Ol^{§ 193 a} Ba^{NB 156})—
Hoph. be threshed, Impf. יוּדַשׁ Is 28:27 (subj. קֶצַח).

דָּחָה

דָּחָה vb. push, thrust (NH id. Aramaic דְּחִי, דְּחָא, ܕܚܳܐ; cf. also Arabic دَحَا spread, extend, also throw, propel)—
Qal Pf. 2 ms. sf. דְּחִיתַנִי ψ 118:13; Inf. cstr. לִדְחוֹת ψ 140:5; abs. דָּחֹה ψ 118:13; Pt. act. דֹּחֶה ψ 35:5 (read דֹּחָם 𝔊 De Che); pass. f. הַדְּחוּיָה ψ 62:4;—push, דָּחֹה דָחָה push violently fig. c. acc. ψ 118:13 sq. cl. of purpose לִנְפֹּל, cf. לִדְחוֹת פעמי ψ 140:5 (Che trip up my feet), & ψ 35:5 (transp. דחה with רדפם v 6 and read דֹּחָם 𝔊; cf. יְהִי־דרכם חשׁך וַחֲלַקְלַקֹּת v a, and Je 23:12); pushed in (Che), in sim., pt. pass., said of גָּדֵר wall ψ 62:4 (‖ קיר נטוי).
Niph. Impf. יִדָּחֶה Pr 14:32; (3 mpl. יִדַּ֫חוּ Je 23:12 is from דחח, if rightly pointed; נִדְחֵי Is 11:12; 56:8 ψ 147:2, v. sub נדח);—be thrust or cast down, fig. of wicked Pr 14:32, cf. ψ 35:5 supr.
Pu. Pf. 3 pl. דֹּחוּ ψ 36:13 they are thrust down (‖נפלו & לא יכלו קום).

דָּחַח

[דָּחַח] vb. only
Niph. Impf. 3 mpl. יִדַּ֫חוּ (Kö^{i 377}) Je 23:12 they shall be thrust down, fig., of wicked; read perhaps יִדָּח֫וּ, from דחה q.v.

דְּחִי

† [דְּחִי] n.[m.] stumbling הִצַּלְתָּ … רַגְלַי מִדֶּ֑חי ψ 56:14 = 116:8.

דחן

דחן (√ of following; perhaps cf. Arabic دَخَنَ smoke arose, hence become dusky, dingy, inclining to black).

דֹּ֫חַן

† דֹּ֫חַן n.m. millet (NH דּוֹחַן Aramaic דּוֹחִינָא), ד׳ Ez 4:9 in the series חִטִּין וּשְׂעֹרִים וּפוֹל וַעֲדָשִׁים וְד׳ וְכֻסְּמִים v. Löw⁷².

דָּחַף

† [דָּחַף] vb. drive, hasten (late) (NH id., Aramaic דְּחַף)—
Qal Pt. pass. pl. דְּחוּפִים of runners Est 3:15; 8:14 (‖ מְבֹהָלִים).
Niph. Pf. hasten one’s self, hurry נִדְחַף אֶל־ Est 6:12; נִדְחַף לָצֵאת 2 Ch 26:20 (‖ בהל).

דָּחַק

† [דָּחַק] vb. thrust, crowd, oppress (NH id., Arabic دَحَقَ drive away, remove, Aramaic דְּחַק, ܕܚܰܩ )—
Qal Impf. יִדְחָק֔וּן thrust, crowd, of locusts in swarm Jo 2:8; Pt. act. pl. sf. לֹחֲצֵיהֶם וְדֹחֲקִיהֶם Ju 2:18 (because of) them that maltreated and oppressed them.

דַּי

† דַּי subst. sufficiency, enough (NH, but not known in other cogn. languages)—cstr. דֵּי, with sf. (v. infr.) דַּיֶּ֑ךָּ, דַּיָּם—
1. absol. thrice only Mal 3:10 I will pour you out a blessing עֵד־בְּלִי־דָֽי until there is not sufficiency, i.e. until my abundance can be exhausted, or, as this can never be, for ever (cf. ψ 72:7), Est 1:18 וּכְדַי בִּזָּיוֹן וָקָ֑צֶף and (there will be) as enough (i.e. in plenty) contempt and wrath, 2 Ch 30:3 לְמַדַּי = לְמַה־דַּי for what was sufficient. With a gen. of the person or thing for which anything suffices: Ex 36:5 מִדֵּי הָעֲבֹרָה (more) than enough for the work, Lv 5:7 and if his hand do not reach (if he do not command) דֵּי שֶׂה enough for (i.e. to buy) a lamb, 12:8; 25:28 דֵּי הָשִׁיב לוֹ enough for recovering it, Dt 15:8 דֵּי מַחְסֹרוֹ enough for his need, Is 40:16^(×2). With suff. Pr 25:16 אֱכֹל דַּיּ֑ךָּ eat that which is sufficient for thee; דַּיָּם Ex 36:7 Je 49:9 Ob v 5. Once with gen. of the thing which is sufficient, Pr 27:27 דֵּי חֲלֵב עִזִּים enough of goats’ milk.
2. Combined with בְּ, כְּ, and especially מִן, דַּי (דֵּי) has a tendency to form compound prepositions, used idiomatically in certain applications:— a. בְּדֵי (a) for (the בְּ pretii) what suffices for: Na 2:13 the lion tare in pieces בְּדֵי גֹרוֹתָיו for the need of his whelps (‖ לְלִבְאֹתָיו; but? כְּדֵי, v. b); iron. Hb 2:13 Je 51:58 the peoples labour בְּדֵי־אֵשׁ for fire (only to satisfy the fire), and the nations weary themselves בְּדֵי־רִיק for what is empty. (β in the abundance of, i.e. as often as Job 39:25 בְּדֵי שׁוֹפָר in the abundance of the trumpet, i.e. as often as the trumpet sounds (מִדֵּי elsewhere in this sense). b. כְּדֵי according to the sufficiency, or abundance, of Lv 25:26 and find כְּדֵי גְאֻלָּתוֹ according to the sufficiency of his redemption, i.e. as much as it demands, Dt 25:2 Ne 5:8 כְּדֵי בָנוּ (st. c. before בְּ: Ges^{§ 130, 1}) ‘quantum in nobis erat,’ after our ability, Ju 6:5 they came כְּדֵי אַרְבֶּה לָרֹב according to the abundance of the locust in multitude (for which כָּאַרְבֶּה לָרֹב would ordinarily be said: cf. 7:12). c. מִדֵּי out of the abundance of, hence as often as;—(a) sq. inf. 1 S 1:7 מִדֵּי עֲלֹתָהּ = as often as she went up, 18:30 1 K 14:28 (= 2 Ch 12:11) 2 K 4:8 Is 28:19 מִדֵּי עָבְרוֹ as often as it passeth over, Je 31:20; (β) sq. subst., Je 48:27 מִדֵּי דְבָרֶיךָ בּוֹ as often as thy words (are) of him; and in the idiom. phrases מִדֵּי שָׁנָה בְּשָׁנָה = yearly (a combination of מִדֵּי שָׁנָה and שָׁנָה בְּשָׁנָה: v. sub שָׁנָה) 1 S 7:16 (v. Dr) Zc 14:16 2 Ch 24:5; and מִדֵּי חֹדֶשׁ בְּחָדְשׁוֹ Is 66:23 as often as month (comes) in its month (i.e. in its own time: חֹדֶשׁ made more precise by the add. of בְּחָדְשׁוֹ; cf. the phrase דְּבַר יוֹם בְּיוֹמוֹ): so מִדֵּי שַׁבָּת בְּשַׁבַּתּוֹ ib.; (γ) as conj., with the finite verb (אֲשֶׁר being understood: cf. בַּעֲבוּר etc.), Je 20:8 מִדֵּי אֲדַבֵּר as often as I speak.

דִּי זָהָב

† דִּי זָהָב n.pr.loc. appar. on border of Moab Dt 1:1 (𝔊 Καταχρύσεα).

דִּיבֹן

† דִּיבֹן, דִּיבוֹן n.pr.loc.—
1. city in Moab (MI^{21, 28} דיבן, cf. ib.¹ adj. gent. הדיבני)—דִּיבֹן Nu 21:30; 32:3, 34 (built up or at by Gad) Is 15:2; in territory of Gad, hence דִּיבֹן גָּ֑ד Nu 33:45, 46 (cf. on these vv. & 32:34 MI^{10 f.}); also דִּיבוֹן Jos 13:9, 17 Je 48:22; ישֶׁבֶת בַּת דִּיבוֹן Je 48:18; = דִּימוֹן Is 15:9, vid. also מֵי דִימוֹן v 9 = Arnon, cf. Che & Hpt^{ZA 1887, 268};—mod. Dîbân, north of Arnon, cf. Seetzen^{Reisen i. 409} Tristr^{Land of Moab 132 ff.} Bd.^{Pal. 193}
2. דִּיבֹן Ne 11:25 place in Judah, toward south = דִּימוֹנָה Jos 15:22, cf. Hpt^l.c.; conject. by Kn Ke (cf. Di) to be Tell ed Dheib (vandeVelde^{Mem 252}) called also Ehdeib (Rob^{BR ii. 102})

דִּיג

דִּיג, דַּיָּג v. sub דגה.

דַּיָּה

† [דַּיָּה] n.f. id.—frequenting ruins, cf. Di l.c.; דַּיּוֹת Is 34:15 (on הַדַּיָּה Dt 14:13 cf. foregoing).

דַּיָּה²

דַּיָּה v. sub דאה.

דְּיוֹ

† דְּיוֹ n.m. ink (NH id., Aramaic דְּיוּתָא, ܕܝܽܘܬܳܐ; Arabic دَوَاةٌ inkbottle, inkhorn; Ges-Dietr Fl NHWB ^{i. 41} der. from √ דוה in assumed sense of slowly flowing; Fl comp. Arabic دُواية, دِواية thin skin on surface of milk, cf. also Ol^{§ 173 g}), וַאֲנִי כֹּתֵב עַל־הַסֵּפֶר בַּדְּי֑וֹ Je 36:18, cf. Lag ^{Ges. Abh. 216}.—On erasible quality of Hebrew ink cf. RS^OTJC, ^{400 f. ed. 2, 71}; v. further L. Löw^{Graphische Requisiten etc. bei den Juden, 1870, i. 145 ff.}

דְּיוֹ²

דְּיוֹ v. sub דוה.

דִּימוֹן

† דִּימוֹן n.pr.loc. = דִּיבוֹן 1, q.v.

דִּימוֹנָה

† דִּימוֹנָה n.pr.loc. = דִּיבוֹן 2, q.v.

דִּין

† דִּין vb. judge (cf. Arabic دَانَ intrans. to be obedient, submissive, trans. requite, compensate, rule, govern, دِينٌ obedience, abasement, recompense, دَيَّانٌ requiter, governor, مَدِينَةٌ city; Assyrian dânu, Impf. idı̂n, judge, Aramaic דָּן (יְדִין, יְדוּן) Syriac ܕܳܢ (ܢܕܽܘܢ) judge, exercise judgment, punish, דִּיָּינָא, ܕܰܝܳܢܳܐ judge, דִּינָא, ܕܝܻܢ judgment, ܡܕܝܺܢܻܬܳܐ city;—on √ ע״י v. Nö^{ZMG 1883, 533}), syn. שָׁפַט—
Qal Pf. דָּן Je 22:16, etc.; Impf. יָדִין Gn 49:16 + 9 times, יָדוֹן Gn 6:3 cf. infr., etc.; Imv. דִּין Pr 31:9 Jb 35:14; דִּינוּ Je 21:12; Inf. לָדִין ψ 50:4 + 2 times; Pt. דָּן Gn 15:14 Je 30:13;— 1. act as judge, minister judgment, of God ידין עמוֹ Dt 32:36 (poet. = ψ 135:14) ψ 50:4; דין עמים ψ 7:9; 96:10 Is 3:13; יָדִין לְאֻמִּים בְּמֵישָׁרִים ψ 9:9; Messianic king ψ 72:2. 2. plead the cause, a. of men, usually c. acc. cogn., אֵין־דָּן דִּינֵךְ there is none to plead thy cause Je 30:13; ד׳ דִּין יָתוֹם plead cause of orphan Je 5:28; ד׳ דין עני ואביון Je 22:16; also acc. cogn. om., Pr 31:9. b. of God, דָּנַנִּי אֱלֹהִים God has pled my cause Gn 30:6 (E). 3. execute judgment, vindicate, in battle against enemies, דָּן יָדִין עַמּוֹ Dan will judge (vindicate as a warrior) his people (v. Di) Gn 49:16 (poet.); the Messianic king בגוים ψ 110:6; God, בִּגְבוּרָֽתְךָ תְדִינֵנִי in thy might judge me (vindicate me) ψ 54:3. 4. execute judgment, requite, of man, דִּינוּ לַבֹּקֶר מִשְׁפָּט execute judgment every morning Je 21:12; of God, upon Egypt Gn 15:14 (E); עמים by means of powers of nature Jb 36:31; אפסי ארץ 1 S 2:10 (poet.) 5. govern, אַתָּה תָּדִין אֶת־בֵּיתִי thou shalt govern my house Zc 3:7. 6. לֹא־יוּכַל לָדִין עִם he cannot contend with one mightier than he Ec 6:10.
Niph. Pt. וַיְהִי כָל־הָעָם נָדוֹן בְּכָל־שִׁבְטֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל and all the people were at strife througout all the tribes of Israel 2 S 19:10 (reciprocal, cf. Dr.)
Note. —לֹא־יָדוֹן רוּחִי בָֽאָדָם לְעֹלָם Gn 6:3 cp. perhaps دان continue, do something continually, in mod. Egyptian Arabic (So^{SK lxvii (1894), 211 f.}).is difficult. (1) 𝔊 𝔙 𝔖 Onk read ידור or (Kue) ילון abide in, dwell,—My spirit will not abide in man for ever; this best suits the context, but ידור, as Aramaism, is dub. (2) Kn De Schr RVm render rule in, supported by Zc 3:7 only. (3) Thes Ew Di render be humbled in, sustained by Arabic, not Heb., usage. (4) strive with of AV RV (cf. 6 supr.) is not justified. יָדוֹן

דַּיָּן

† דַּיָּן n.m. judge 1 S 24:16; cstr. דַּיַּן ψ 68:6.

דִּין²

† דִּין n.[m.] judgment—Dt 17:8 + 16 times; sf. דִּינִי ψ 9:5, דִּינֵךְ Je 30:13;—
1. כסא דין throne of judgment Pr 20:8; משׁמים השׁמעת דין from heaven thou didst cause judgment to be heard ψ 76:9.
2. cause, plea, בין דין לדין between plea and plea Dt 17:8; דין דין plead a cause Je 5:28; 22:16; 30:13; עשׂה דין maintain the cause ψ 9:5; 140:13; ידע דין consider the cause Pr 29:7; דין לפניו the cause is before him Jb 35:14; שׂנה דין change the cause Pr 31:5; לְהַטּוֹת מִדִּין דַּלִּים Is 10:2; דין יתום Je 5:28; דין כל בני חֲלוֹף Pr 31:8.
3. judgment, condemnation, דין רשׁע judgment of the wicked Jb 36:17; דין ומשׁפט judgment and justice v 17.
4. strife, דין וקלון Pr 22:10 (legal strife, law-suit Str).
5. government, דת ודין law and government Est 1:13.
Note. —לְמַעַן תֵּדְעוּן שַׁדּיּ֯ן Jb 19:29 is variously explained. (1) AV RV that ye may know there is a judgment follow Aq Symm Theod, so De Da, in interpreting שׁ relative + דִּין judgment, but שׁ is unknown to the dialect of Job and דִּין is used only in Elihu section. (2) 𝔊 reads ὕλη or ἴσχυς (i.e. שַׁדַּי (cf. 29:5 𝔊)? or שֹׁד?), & Qr שַׁדּוּן, indicating ancient uncertainty and a corrupt text. (3) Ew Di read שַׁדַּי the Almighty, which accords with usage of Job. (4) Siegf כִּי שֻׁדָּ֑דוּ (doubtfully).

דִּינָה

† דִּינָה n.pr.f. daughter of Jacob Gn 30:21; 34:1, 3, 5, 13, 25, 26; 46:15.

דִּיפַת

† דִּיפַת n.pr.m. a son of Gomer son of Japhet 1 Ch 1:6; but read prob. רִיפַת (q.v.); 𝔊 Ἐρειφαθ, Ῥιφαε; 𝔊L Ῥιφαθ; ‖ Gn 10:3 רִיפַת 𝔊 Ῥιφαθ, Ἐριφαθ.

דָּיֵק

† דָּיֵק n.m. bulwark, siege-wall—דָּיֵק 2 K 25:1 + 5 times—בנה ד׳ עליה סביב 2 K 25:1 = Je 52:4; cf. Ez 4:2; 17:17; 21:27 (all ‖ שׁפך סֹלֲלָה); נתן ד׳ על Ez 26:8 (‖ id.)

דָּיֵק²

דָּיֵק v. sub דוק.

דִּישׁ

דִּישׁ, דַּיִשׁ i, ii. דִּישֹׁן, דִּישָׁן v. דושׁ.

דַּ֫יִשׁ

† דַּ֫יִשׁ n.m. threshing, i.e. the process of threshing, Lv 26:5 (H) וְהִשִּׂיג לָכֶם ד׳ אֶת־בָּצִיר.

דִּישָׁן

† דִּישָׁן n.pr.m. a son of Seir דִּישָׁ֑ן Gn 36:21 (𝔊 Ῥισών; so v 28, 30 cf. Di) 1 Ch 1:38; (v 42 read דִּישׁוֹן q.v.) Gn 36:26 (read דִּישׁוֹן 𝔊 𝔖 𝔙 Ol Di) v 30 דִּישָׁ֖ן Gn 36:28.

דִּישֹׁן

† I. דִּישֹׁן n.[m.] a clean animal, 𝔊 πύγαργος cf. 𝔙; hence AV RV & most pygarg, a kind of antelope or gazelle, cf. Di Lv 11:2 f.; perhaps rather mountain-goat, Hom^{NS 391} cf. Ethiopic Vrs.; only Dt 14:5—(Hom ^l.c. der. from √ דושׁ with kindred meaning of spring, leap & comp. Assyrian daššu; so already Dl^{S i. 54}).

דִּישֹׁן²

† II. דִּישֹׁן n.pr.m.
1. a son of Seir דִּשׁוֹן Gn 36:21 = דִּישֹׁן 1 Ch 1:38;
2. a son of Anah & grandson of Seir דִּשֹׁ֑ן Gn 36:25 cf. v 30 so also v 26 (for דִּישָׁן q.v.) = דִּישׁוֹן 1 Ch 1:41^(×2), 42, cf. also foll.

דַּךְ

† דַּךְ adj. crushed, oppressed—דַּךְ 74:21, דָּ֑ךְ ψ 9:10; 10:18; pl. sf. דַּכָּ֑ו Pr 26:28 (Baer; edd. al. דַּכָּיו)—poet.; always fig., oppressed, distressed ψ 9:10, 10:18 (‖ יתום) 74:21 (‖ עָנִי and אביון); Pr 26:28 דַּכָּו = those crushed by it (a lying tongue).

דַּכָּא

† I. דַּכָּא adj. contrite (crushed)—דַּכָּא Is 57:15; דַּכְּאֵי ψ 34:19—contrite Is 57:15 (‖ שְׁפַל־רוּהַ); ד׳ רוּחַ ψ 34:19 (‖ נִשְׁבְּרֵי־לֵב).

דָּכָא

† [דָּכָא] vb. crush, poet. (Assyrian dakû, crush, Muss-Arnolt^{Hbr Oct. 1890, 66}) not in
Qal ;—
Niph. Pt. נִדְכָּאִים Is 57:15;—crushed, fig. = contrite ones.
Pi. Pf. דִּכָּא ψ 143:3; 2 ms. דִּבִּאתָ ψ 89:11; Impf. וִידַכֵּא ψ 72:4; 2 ms. תְּדַכֵּא Pr 22:22 (juss.); יְדַכְּאוּ ψ 94:5, תְּדַכְּאוּ Is 3:15; sf. וִידַכְּאֵנִי Jb 6:9, יְדַכְּאוּם Jb 4:19; 2 mpl. וּתְדַכּאוּנַּנִי Jb 19:2 (so Baer, v. his ed. p. 44, cf. Norzi); Inf. לְדַכֵּא La 3:34; sf. דַּכְּאוֹ Is 53:10;—crush, (fig.) c. acc. one’s life to the earth ψ 143:3, Egypt ψ 89:11 (cf. De Che; י׳ subj.), servant of Yahweh Is 53:10 (י׳ subj.), Jb 6:9 וְיֹאֵל אֱלוֹהַּ וִיד׳; oppressor ψ 72:4, God’s people ψ 94:5 (‖ יְעַנּוּ), Is 3:15, cf. Pr 22:22 illegally in tribunal, La 3:34 ד׳ תחת רגליו (in all human oppressor subj.); crush me בְּמִלִּים Jb 19:2 (Job’s friends, subj.; ‖ תּוֹגְיוּן נַפְשִׁי); never lit., not even Jb 4:19 (יְדַכְּאוּם, with indef. subj.), for suff. ref. not to בָּֽתֵּי־חֹמֶר, but rather to שֹׁכְנֵי, i.e. men inhabiting the clay houses, bodies, cf. Di.
Pu. Pf. דֻּכְּאוּ Je 44:10; Impf. יְדֻכָּא Jb 22:9; Pt. מְדֻכָּא Is 53:5, מְדֻכָּאִים Is 19:10;—crushed, broken in pieces, shattered Jb 22:9 c. obj. fem. זרועות; Is 19:10 subj. שָׁתוֹת (here metaphor. for nobles); fig. of servant of י׳ Is 53:5; made humble, contrite Je 44:10.
Hithp. Impf. יִדַּכְּאוּ Jb 5:4, יִדַּכָּ֑אוּ Jb 34:25;—must let themselves be crushed, i.e. maltreated Jb 5:4 (in court בשׁער, cf. Pi. Pr 22:22); are crushed Jb 34:25 (the mighty, by God).

דַּכָּא²

† II. דַּכָּא n.[m.] dust (as pulverized), תָּשֵׁב אֱנוֹשׁ עַד־דַּכָּא ψ 90:3 (on form cf. Ba^{NB 143}).

דַּכָּה

† דַּכָּה n.f. crushing, פְּצוּעַ־דַּכָּה Dt 23:2 one wounded by crushing (viz. of testicles).

דָּכָה

† [דָּכָה] vb. crush (only ψ);—
Qal ודכה (יָשֹׁחַ) ψ 10:10 Kt is read as Qal Pf. וְדָכָה consec. by RobGes Ol De al., i.e. and he is crushed, or and he croucheth (Qr יִדְכֶּה Impf. so AV RV he croucheth); others read וְדָכֶה יָשֹׁחַ (adj. intrans. or passive) and crushed he sinketh down, cf. VB Che; possible wd. be יִדָּכֶה Niph. (‖ יָשֹׁחַ and ונפל).
Niph. Pf. וְנִדְכֵּ֫יתִי ψ 38:9; Pt. נִדְכֶּה ψ 51:19;—be crushed, broken, of physical distress ψ 38:9 (‖ נְפוּגֹתִי); be contrite (לֵב נִדְכֶּה) ψ 51:19 (‖ נִשְׁבָּר).
Pi. Pf. דִכִּיתָ ψ 51:10; sf. דִּכִּיתָנוּ ψ 44:20; crush down, of divine wrath; c. acc. ψ 44:20, and crush to pieces, obj. ref. to עצמות, in metaph. ψ 51:10.—דָּכוּ֨ Nu 11:8 v. דוך.

דֳּכִי

† [דֳּכִי] n.[m.] (crushing), pounding of waves, sf. ישׂאו נהרות דָּכְיָם ψ 93:3 of ocean.

דכך

דכך (√ of foll.; cf. Arabic دَكَّ Aramaic דְּכַךְ, NH in deriv.; v. also דכא, דכה)

דַּל

דַּל adj. v. sub דלל.

דָּל

דָּל, דַּל n. door, v. sub דלה.

דַּל²

† דַּל adj. low, weak, poor, thin (especially common in Wisd. lit. and poet.)—דַּל Lv 14:21 + 8 times, דָּל֑ Ex 23:3 + 17 times + דָּל֥ ψ 82:3; דַּלִּים Am 2:7 + 17 times; דַּלּוֹת Gn 41:19;—weak, thin, of kine Gn 41:19 (E); of Amnon 2 S 13:4; weak, of family of Saul 2 S 3:1 (opp. חָזֵק) cf. Ju 6:15; reduced, poor (opp. rich) Lv 14:21 (P) Ru 3:10 (opp. עָשִׁיר) Je 5:4 (opp. to הגדולים, v 5) Pr 28:15 Zp 3:12 (עַם עָנִי וָדָל֑); mostly subst., a poor (man), the poor Ex 23:3 (JE); opp. to עָשִׁיר Ex 30:15 (P) Pr 10:15; 22:16; 28:11; opp. הוֹן Pr 19:4; ‖ אביון 1 S 2:8 Jb 5:16 ψ 72:13; 82:4; 113:7 Pr 14:31 Is 14:30; 25:4 Am 4:1; 8:6; cf. also Jb 20:10, 19 Pr 22:9 Je 39:10; reduced, weak, helpless (‖ עני) Jb 34:28 ψ 82:3 (‖ also יתום), Pr 22:22 Is 10:2; 11:4; 26:6 Am 2:7; ‖ אלמנה Jb 31:16; opp. שׁוֹעַ Jb 34:19;—cf. also ψ 41:2 Pr 19:17; 21:13; 28:3, 8; 29:7, 14.

דָּל²

† [דָּל] n.[m.] door (Ph. דל) only fig. cstr. דַּל שְׂפָתָ֑י ψ 141:3.

דָּלַג

† [דָּלַג] vb. leap (NH spring over, skip (a verse), omit)—
Qal Pt. דּוֹלֵג Zp 1:9 leap, c. art. one leaping על־הַמִּפְתָּן; 𝔊 1 S 5:5 ὑπερβαίνοντες ὑπερβαίνουσιν = דָּלֹג יִדְלֹ֑גוּ cf. Dr.
Pi. Impf. יְדַלֵּג Is 35:6; אֲדַלֶּג־ ψ 18:30 = 2 S 22:30; Pt. מְדַלֵּג Ct 2:8;—leap, leap over c. acc. שׁוּר ψ 18:30 = 2 S 22:30; abs. leap as the stag, יְד׳ כָּאַיָּל פִּסֵּחַ Is 35:6; sq. על of locality Ct 2:8 (‖ מְקַפֵּץ).

דַּלָּה

† I. דַּלָּה n.f. coll., hair, thrum (both from hanging down)—דַּלָּה Is 38:12; cstr. דַּלַּת Ct 7:6;—hair, ד׳ ראשׁך Ct 7:6; thrum (threads of warp hanging in loom) in sim. of premature death מִדַּלָּה יְבַצְּעֵנִי Is 38:12.

דָּלָה

† דָּלָה vb. draw (water) (NH id., Aramaic דְּלָא, ܕܠܴܐ Arabic دَلَا pull up bucket; ii, iv let down; v hang down; cf. دَلْوٌ bucket; Ethiopic ደለወ weigh; Assyrian dalû, draw water, cf. Dl^{§ 108} C Adler^{PAOS Oct. 1888, xcix.}; also dilûtu, bucket, Id^ib., dalâni COT^Gloss.)—
Qal Pf. דָּלָה Ex 2:19; Impf. 3 ms. sf. יִדְלֶ֑נָּה Pr 20:5; 3 f. pl. וַתִּדְלֶנָה Ex 2:16; Inf. abs. דָּלֹה Ex 2:19;—draw (water, but no obj. expr.) Ex 2:16, 19^(×2); fig. of drawing counsel (עֵצָה) out of heart, c. acc. (sf.) Pr 20:5.—דַּלְיוּ Pr 26:7 is difficult; read perhaps 3 m. pl. דָּלָיוּ intrans., a lame man’s legs hang down (helpless) so Ew Sta^{§ 413 a}; other views in De Now.
Pi. Pf. 2 ms. sf. דִּלִּיתָ֑נִי ψ 30:2 fig. (cf. Pa. in Syriac) subj. י׳ thou hast drawn me up (out of She^e’ôl cf. v 4).

דַּלָּה²

† II. [דַּלָּה] n.f. the poor—cstr. דַּלַּת Je 40:7 + 2 times; pl. דַּלּוֹת Je 52:15, 16;—the poor (coll., weak, helpless ones) Je 40:7 2 K 24:14; 25:12 (in ‖ Je 52:16, as also v 15, MT has strangely the pl.)

דָּלָה²

† [דָּלָה] n.f. door, only Qr דְּלָֽתְךָ (Kt דלתיך) Is 26:20 fig., door of chamber in which people (personified) hide (cf. also דֶּלֶת du.).

דָּלַח

† דָּלַח vb. make turbid (Assyrian dalâḫu, disturb, Zim^{BP 81} also in deriv.; Pal. 𝔗 דְּלַח fig. be anxious, fear, ܕܠܰܚ turbavit, conturbavit)—
Qal Impf. 2 ms., וַתִּדְלַח Ez 32:2; 3 fs. sf. תִּדְלָחֵם Ez 32:13 + v 13 (Co תרפשׂם);—stir up, trouble, make turbid (always with feet) sq. מים Ez 32:2 (‖ תִּרְפֹּס,—ס Baer, and not שׂ); so 32:13a, b (but v 13b Co reads תרפשׂ (cf. v 2) for תדלחם).

דְּלִי

† דְּלִי n.[m.] bucket, כְּמַר מִדְּלִי like a drop (hanging) from a bucket Is 40:15; du. sf. יִזַּל־מַיִם מִדָּֽלְיָו Nu 24:7 cf. Di (on form dolyāw cf. Ew§ 180 a & Anm. 3, also Sta^{§ 52 a}); fig. of Israel’s prosperity.

דְּלָיָ֫הוּ

† דְּלָיָ֫הוּ, דְּלָיָה n.pr.m. (Yah(u) hath drawn)—
1. דְּלָיָהוּ, a. a priest, contemp. David, 1 Ch 24:18. b. a prince of Judah, contemp. Jerem Je 36:12, 25.
2. דְּלָיָה, a. head of a family contemp. with Zerubb. Ezr 2:60 = Ne 7:62. b. descendant of Zerubb. 1 Ch 3:24. c. father of contemp. of Neh. 6:10.

דָּלִיּוֹת

† [דָּלִיּוֹת] pl. of [דָּלִית] n.f. branch, bough, metaph. of Israel under figure of olive tree דָּֽלִיּוֹתָיו Je 11:16 Ez 17:6, 7 (figure of vine); v 23 (under figure of cedar); 31:7, 9, 12 of Asshur as a cedar, דָּלִיֹּתָיו Ez 19:11 Isr. as a vine (cf. Löw⁶⁵).

דְּלִילָה

† דְּלִילָה n.pr.f. Delila, Philistine woman, mistress of Samson Ju 16:4, 6, 10, 12, 13, 18.

דָּלַל

† [דָּלַל] vb. hang, be low, languish (NH Hiph. thin, thin out vines, etc.; Assyrian dalâlu, be weak, humble Zim^{BP 74.97}; Arabic دَلَّ idirect, guide, دُلَّ be directed, guided; دَلْدَلَ put in motion, commotion; تَدَلْدَلَ be in motion, hang, dangle; also دَلٌّ amorous, coquettish, gesture or behaviour of women)—
Qal Pf. דַּלֹּתִי ψ 116:6, דַּלּוֹתִי 142:7; 1 pl. דַּלּוֹנוּ ψ 79:8, דָּֽלֲלוּ, Is 19:6, דַּלּוּ Is 38:14 Jb 28:4 (on דַּלְיוּ Pr 26:7 cf. דָּלָה);—hang, ‘depend,’ Jb 28:4 (of one descending a miner’s shaft ‖ נָעוּ); be low, of streams Is 19:6 (‖ דָֽרְבוּ); be low, brought low, metaph. of distress ψ 79:8; 116:6; 142:7; languish, of eyes, look languishingly (Che) Is 38:14.—
Niph. Impf. יִדַּל Is 17:4, וַיִּדַּל Ju 6:6,—be brought low, laid low Ju 6:6 fig. of Israel; Is 17:4 of glory of Jacob.

דִּלְעָן

† דִּלְעָן n.pr.loc. a city of Judah, Jos 15:38.

דֶּ֫לֶף

† דֶּ֫לֶף n.m. a dropping (of rain, cf. Wetzst^{ZPV xiv. 1891, 5}), fig. דֶּלֶף טֹרֵד מִדְיְנֵי אִשָּׁה Pr 19:13 etc.; ד׳ טוֹרֵד בְּיוֹם סַגְרִ֑יר וְאֵשֶׁת מִדְוָ֯נִים נִשְׁתָּֽוָה׃ Pr 27:15.

דָּלַף

† [דָּלַף] vb. drop, drip (WisdLt.) (NH id. (זלף more common), דֶּלֶף trough, etc., Aramaic דְּלַף, ܕܠܰܦ, drip)—
Qal Pf. 3 fs. אֶל־אֱלוֹהַּ דָּֽלְפָה עֵינִי Jb 16:20 i.e. weeps (drops in tears); דָּֽלְפָה נַפְשִׁי מִתּוּגָה ψ 119:28 i.e. weeps (Itself away Che cf. De); Impf. בְּשִׁפְלוּת יָדַיִם יִדְלֹף הַבָּֽיִת׃ Ec 10:18 the house drips, i.e. leaks, because cracks are not mended.

דַּלְפוֹן

† דַּלְפוֹן n.pr.m. a son of Haman, Est 9:7.

דָּלַק

† [דָּלַק] vb. burn (intrans.), hotly pursue (NH id. Aramaic דְּלַק, ܕܠܰܩ all intrans. burn, kindle; Hiph., Aph. transitive)—
Qal Pf. 2 ms. דָּלַקְתָּ Gn 31:36; 3 mpl. וְדָֽלְקוּ consec. Ob 18; sf. דְּלָקֻנוּ La 4:19; Impf. יִדְלַק ψ 10:2; Inf. cstr. דְּלֹק 1 S 17:53; Pt. act. pl. דֹּלְקִים Pr 26:23;— 1. burn, וְדָֽלְקוּ בָהֶם Ob 18 (fig. of Isr. ravaging among Edomites, ‖ וַאֲכָלוּם; on construction c. בְּ cf. 2 K 17:25); also in חִצָּיו לְדֹלְקִים יִפְעָ֑ל ψ 7:14 his arrows he maketh burning ones (subj. God) RV De Che al.; & שְׂפָתַיִם דֹּלְקִים Pr 26:23 burning (fervent) lips (opp. לֵב רָ֑ע). 2. hotly pursue Gn 31:36 (E; sq. אַחֲרֵי 1 S 17:53 (sq. id.); ψ 10:2; La 4:19 (both sq. acc.)
Hiph. Impf. sf. יַדְלִיקֵם Is 5:11; Imv. הַדְלֵק Ez 24:10;—inflame, c. acc., subj. wine Is 5:11; kindle obj. הָאֵשׁ Ez 24:10.

דַּלֶּ֫קֶת

† דַּלֶּ֫קֶת n.f. inflammation, Dt 28:22.

דֶּ֫לֶת

† דֶּ֫לֶת n.f. (? m. Ne 13:19) door (NH id.; Assyrian daltu(m) Strm^{AV 1843} Schr^{COT Gloss.}; Ph. pl. דלהת CIS^{i, 7, 3};—according to Ba^{ZMG 1887, 607} from √ ידל, Assyrian edilu, to bolt, bar)—דֶּלֶת (always abs., and c. art. except Ct 8:9 + Ez 41:24 but here Co art.) Gn 19:10 + 18 times; דָּ֑לֶת Gn 19:9 Ju 19:22; sf. דַּלְתּוֹ 2 K 12:10; Du דְּלָתַיִם (cf. Ges^{§ 93 n}) Dt 3:5 + 9 times, דְּלָתָ֑יִם Jb 38:10; cstr. דַּלְתֵי Jos 2:19 + 6 times + Ez 26:2 Co; sf. דְּלָתַי Jb 31:32, דְּלָתֶיךָ Zc 11:1 + Is 26:20 Kt (cf. דָּלָה n.f.), דְּלָתֶיהָ Jos 6:26 1 K 16:34; pl. דְּלָתוֹת Je 36:23 + 10 times; cstr. דַּלְתוֹת Ju 3:23 + 19 times + Ez 26:2 (Co דלתי); sf. דַּלְתֹתַי Pr 8:34, דַּלְתוֹתָיו 2 Ch 3:7; 4:22; דַּלְתֹתָיו Ne 3:1, 3, 6, 13, 14, 15; דַּלְתוֹתֵיהֶם 2 Ch 4:9;
1. door of house (disting. from door-way, cf. 1 K 6:31 פֶּתַח Gn 19:6) Gn 19:9, 10 Ex 21:6 (all JE) Dt 15:17 Jos 2:19 (JE) Ju 11:31; 19:22, 27 1 S 21:14 (דלתות השׁער) 2 K 4:4, 5; 6:32^(×2) Is 57:8 Jb 31:32; so fig. of wisdom’s house Pr 8:34 לִשְׁקֹד עַל־דַּלְתֹתַי; partic. doors of house of י׳ 1 S 3:15 (הֵיכַל י׳ v 3); temple 1 K 6:34^(×3); 7:50 2 K 18:16 1 Ch 22:3 2 Ch 3:7; 4:22; 28:24; 29:3 Ne 6:10 Mal 1:10; so of Ezek.’s temple, Ez 41:23, 24^(×5), 25.
2. door of room Ju 3:23, 24, 25 2 S 13:17, 18 2 K 4:33; 9:3, 10, especially doors of דביר or ק׳ קדשׁים 1 K 6:31, 32; 7:50 2 Ch 4:22 cf. also Ez 41:23; also of court עֲזָרָה 2 Ch 4:9^(×2), and of porch אוּלָם 2 Ch 29:7.
3. gates of city Dt 3:5 Jos 6:26 (cf. 1 K 16:34) Ju 16:3 1 S 23:7 2 Ch 8:5; 14:6 Ne 3:1, 6, 13, 14, 15; 6:1; 7:1 (ד׳ then generally distinct from שׁער, wh. denotes the whole structure of gate, incl. posts, open space, etc., while ד׳ is swinging door), 7:3; 13:19 (where also sense narrower than ‖ שׁער) Is 45:1 (‖ שׁערים) cf. v 2 and ψ 107:16; Je 49:31 Ez 38:11.
4. in other senses (mostly fig.): door (prob. lid) of chest 2 K 12:10; aperture of womb Jb 3:10 (ד׳ בטני); jaws of crocodile Jb 41:6 (ד׳ פניו); lips of man Ec 12:4; doors enclosing and shutting off sea Jb 38:8, 10; doors of heaven through wh. comes rain ψ 78:23 (cf. אֲרֻבֹּת השׁ׳ Gn 7:11); of column of Ms.. (from shape) Je 36:23; fig. of easily accessible woman, Ct 8:9; in simile Pr 26:14; of Jerus. as gate of people Ez 26:2; of Lebanon Zc 11:1.

דֶּלֶת

דֶּלֶת v. sub דלה.

דָּם

† דָּם₃₆₀ n.m. Gn 9:6 blood (NH id. Arabic دَمٌ, Ethiopic ደም: Assyrian damu Nor ²³⁹ Zim^{BP 72, 76}; Aramaic דַּם, דְּמָא, ܕܶܡ, ܕܡܳܐ )—abs. ד׳ Gn 37:22 + 154 times; cstr. דַּם Gn 9:6 + 62 times; sf. דָּמִי 1 S 26:20 + 3 times; דָּֽמְךָ 2 S 1:16 (Qr; Kt דמיך) + 4 times; דָּמֵךְ Ez 16:22 + 3 times; דָּמוֹ Gn 9:4 + 30 times דָּמָהּ Lv 4:30^(×2) + 11 times; דִּמְכֶם Gn 9:5; דָּמָם Lv 16:27 + 11 times; pl. דָּמִים Ex 4:25 + 35 times; cstr. דְּמֵי Gn 4:10 + 18 times; sf. דָּמֶיךָ 2 S 1:16 Kt (Qr דָּֽמְךָ); דָּמַיִךְ Ez 16:6^(×3), 9; דָּמָיו Lv 20:9 + 3 times; דָּמֶיהָ Lv 12:7 + 2 times; דְּמֵיהֶם Lv 20:11 + 5 times;—
1. blood of man or animal, = the life (נֶפֶשׁ) Gn 9:4 (P) Dt 12:23; Lv 17:14^(×2) (H); cf. נֶפֶשׁ הַבָּשָׂר בַּדָּם הִוא v 11 (H & דִּמְכֶם לְנַפְשֹׁתֵיכֶם Gn 9:5 (P); see also ψ 72:14 וְיֵיקַר דָּמָם בְּעֵינָיו; hence blood of animals not to be eaten Lv 3:17; 7:26, 27 (all P) 17:10^(×2), 12^(×2), 14; 19:26 (all H) Dt 12:16, 23; 15:23; 1 S 14:32, 33, 34; Ez 33:25 (cf. RS^{K 310}), but to be poured out & covered with dust Lv 17:13 (cf. RS^{Sem i. 216 f.}).
2. usually blood become visible, a. as from a wound ד׳ הַמַּכָּה 1 K 22:35 (cf. חֲתַן דָּמִים Ex 4:25, 26 v. infr. h); licked by dogs 1 K 21:19^(×2); 22:38; Ex 32:6; from the nose Pr 30:33; bloody issue of a woman Lv 15:19 cf. v 25; pl. דְּמֵי טָֽהֳרָה 12:4, 5, & מְקֹר דָּמֶיהָ v 7 (all P) 20:18 (H); blood in which child welters Ez 16:6^(×2), 22 + v 6 (del. A B 𝔖 Co al.); of goat Gn 37:31 (JE); of slain bird Lv 14:6, 51, 52. b. often obj. of שָׁפַךְ spill, shed Gn 9:6 (P); 37:22 (E); Nu 35:33 (P); Lv 17:4 (H); Dt 21:7; 1 S 25:31; 1 K 18:28; 2 K 21:16; 24:4; 1 Ch 22:8; Ez 16:38; 22:4, 6, 9, 12, 27; 23:45; 33:25; 36:18 (del. B Co) Pr 1:16; also ψ 79:3 שָֽׁפְכוּ דָמָם כַּמַּיִם; שֹׁפֵךְ דָּם a blood-shedder Ez 18:10; עִיר שֹׁפֶכֶת דָּם Ez 22:3 cf. v 4 (also 1 K 2:31; Je 22:3, 17; 1 Ch 22:8; 28:3; Pr 6:17; La 4:13); less often subj. of pass. שָׁפוּךְ, נִשְׁפָּךְ, etc. Gn 9:6; Nu 35:33 (both P); Dt 19:10; Zp 1:17; ψ 79:10. c. דַּם חָלָל Dt 32:42 (song) blood of slain; ד׳ חֲלָלִים 2 S 1:22 so Nu 23:24 (JE), obj. of שָׁתָה, of Isr. under fig. of lion; cf. also Ez 39:17, 18, 19, & 2 S 23:27 = 1 Ch 11:19 (דַּם הָאֲנָשִׁים hyperbol. for imperilled life); as food of young eagles Jb 39:30. d. often of innocent blood, i.e. blood shed with injustice & cruelty, דָּם נָקִי Dt 21:8, 9; 1 S 19:5; 2 K 21:16; 24:4 ψ 94:21; 106:38 cf. v 38 Pr 6:17; Is 59:7; Je 7:6; 22:3 (also 26:15); דָּם נָקִיא Jo 4:19; Jon 1:14; also in cstr. דַּם נָקִי Dt 19:10; cf. 27:25 לְהַכּוֹת נֶפֶשׁ ד׳ נ׳; דַּם הַנָּקִי Dt 19:13; Je 22:17; 2 K 24:4; דַּם נְקִיִּים Je 19:4; דַּם נַפְשׁוֹת אֶבְיוֹנִים נְקִיִּים Je 2:34; further דַּם צַדִּיקִים La 4:13; דְּמֵי חִנָּם 1 K 2:31; in ψ 30:10 דָּמִי = my death (‖ רִדְתִּי אֶל־שַׁחַת e. avenger of blood גֹּאֵל הַדָּם Nu 35:19, 21, 24, 25, 27^(×2) (all P); Dt 19:6, 12; Jos 20:3, 5, 9; 2 S 14:11. f. pl. דָּמִים of abundance, blood in quantity, hence sometimes of blood shed by rude violence, and of blood-stains;—Gn 4:10, 11 (J) as crying from the ground for vengeance (cf. RS^{Sem i. 397}), comp. also 2 S 3:28; 16:8; 2 K 9:26^(×2); Is 1:15; 9:4; 26:21; Ez 16:6^(×3), 9, 36 (on text of v 6 vid. supr.) Zc 9:7; 2 Ch 24:25; דְּמֵי אָדָם Hb 2:8, 17, and in other connexions; but interchangeably with sg. 2 S 3:27; 20:12; 2 K 9:33; Is 34:3, 6,^(×2), 7; Ez 21:37; 22:13 (pl. Co) 24:8^(×2) al.; v. especially אֶרֶץ אַל־תְּכַסִּי דָמִי Jb 16:18; דְּמֵי ירושׁלם blood-stains of Jerusalem Is 4:4; = slaughter, sg. Gn 37:26 (J); Je 48:10; Ez 5:17; 28:23 (‖ דֶּבֶר) 38:22 (‖ id.); דַּם־עֲבָדָיו Dt 32:43 (song: cf. ψ 79:10); pl. דְּמֵי עֲבָדַי 2 K 9:7^(×2); דְּמֵי יִזְרְעֶאל Ho 1:4 bloodshed at Jezreel; cf. דָּמִים בְּדָמִים נָנָ֑עוּ Ho 4:2; דְּמֵי מִלְחָמָה 1 K 2:5^(×2); in Ez 9:9 וַתִּמָּלֵא הָאָרֶץ חָמָם (Bear) read דָּמִים for חָמָס v. d. H Vrss Co Comm.; אָרַב לְדָם lie in wait for blood Pr 1:11 cf. v 18; 12:6; Mi 7:2; דָּמִים of a plan of murder Is 33:15 (obj. of שׁמע); מִשְׁפַּט דָּמִים Ez 7:23 bloody crime; as symbol of oppression, violence Mi 3:10 (‖ עַוְלָה), Hb 2:12 (‖ id.) g. דָּמִים = guilt of bloodshed, blood-guiltiness Ex 22:1, then more generally, mortal sin (RS^{OTJC 417, 2nd ed. 441}, cf. Ez 18:13) ψ 51:16 (cf. Ho 12:15); also בּוֹא בְדָמִים 1 S 25:26, 33. h. pl. also in phrases: חֲתַן דָּמִים bloody bridegroom Ex 4:25, 26; also those denoting character, chiefly poet., אִישׁ הַדָּמִים bloody man (sanguinary) 2 S 16:8 ψ 5:7 אִישׁ הַדָּמִים 2 S 16:7; אַנְשֵׁי דָּמִים, ψ 26:9; 55:24; 59:3; 139:19; Pr 29:10; ואל־בֵּית הַדָּמִים bloody house 2 S 21:1 but read with 𝔊 We Dr ואל בֵּיתֹה דמים, & on his house is blood; עִיר דָּמִים Na 3:1; עִיר הַדָּמִים Ez 22:2; 24:6 + v 9 (del. B Co). i. דָּמָיו בּוֹ his blood is in (upon) him, he is responsible for his own death Lv 20:9 cf. v 11, 12, 13, 16, 27 (all H), Ez 18:13 (+ יִהְיֶה); דָּמוֹ בּוֹ Ez 33:5; דָּמוֹ בְּרֹאשׁוֹ Jos 2:19^(×2); so with שָׁבוּ 1 K 2:33 יִהְיֶה v 37; Ez 33:4; דָּֽמְי֯ךָ עַל רֹאשֶׁ֑ךָ 2 S 1:16, and הֵשִׁיב י׳ אֶת־דָּמוֹ עַל־רֹאשׁוֹ 1 K 2:32; also לֹא תָשִׂים דָּמִים בְּבֵיתְךָ Dt 22:8; and דָּמָם לָשׁוּם עַל אֲבִימֶלֶךְ Ju 9:24; (אל) נָתַן דָּם על Je 26:15; Jon 1:14; וְהָיָה עָלֶיךָ דָּמִים Dt 19:10, v 2 S 21:1 supr.; also sg. Ez 22:4 בְּדָמֵךְ אָשַׁמְתְּ, and as subj. of יֵחָשֵׁב לְ shall be imputed to Lv 17:4 (H); אֵין לוֹ דָמִים Ex 22:1 cf. v 2 (both JE) & (sg.) Nu 35:27 (P) j. of judicial process in case of bloodshed דָּבָר לַמִּשְׁפָּט בֵּין־דָּם לְדָם Dt 17:8 cf. 2 Ch 19:10; לֹא תַּעֲמֹד עַל־דַּם רֵעֶ֑ךָ Lv 19:16 (H). k. in phrase require blood at the hand of, exact vengeance (for it) from, דָּרַשׁ דָּמוֹ מִיַד Ez 33:6; Gn 9:5; דָּמוֹ נִדְרָשׁ Gn 42:22 (E); abs. דֹּרשׁ דמים ψ 9:13; אֲבַקֵּשׁ אֶת־דָּמוֹ מִיֶּדְכֶם 2 S 4:11 cf. Ez 3:18, 20; 33:8; פָּקַד ד׳ עַל־ Ho 1:4; וְנִקֵּיתִי ד׳ Jo 4:21; Ez 35:6^(×4); cf. on the other hand אַל־יִפֹּל דָּמִי אַרְצָה מִנֶּגֶד פְּנֵי י׳ 1 S 26:20 i.e. let it not be unavenged. l. of blood as defiling a land Nu 35:33 (P) cf. ψ 106:38 (pl. בדמים); עֲקֻבָּה מִדָּם Ho 6:8 of a city foot-printed (VB) with blood; defiling hands Is 1:15; 59:3; La 4:14 cf. Ez 23:37, 45; further, of blood as oppressing one who has shed it עָשֻׁק בְּדַם נֶפֶשׁ Pr 28:17. m. atonement for blood-guilt is expressed by וְנִכַּפֵּר לָהֶם הַדָּם Dt 21:8 (on form of vb. cf. Ges^{§ 55.9} & Di). n. blood (-shedding) as connected with divine wrath וְשָׁפַכְתִּ֫י חֲמָתִי עָלֶיהָ בְּדָם Ez 14:19; דַּם חֵמָה וְקִנְאָה Ez 16:38; v. further אַשְׁכִּיר חִצַּי מִדָּם Dt 32:42, cf. Je 46:10; cf. also of human vengeance by divine help יִרְחַץ בְּדַם הָרָשָׁע ψ 58:11; תִּמֲחַץ רַגְלְךָ בְּדָם 68:24; note further Is 49:26; Ez 39:19 (in both fig. of being drunk with blood); then of simple human vengeance וְהוֹרַדְתָּ֫ אֶת־שֵׂיבָתוֹ בְּדָם שְׁאוֹל 1 K 2:9. o. of water turned into blood (sg.) in Egypt, by divine power Ex 4:9 (J); 7:17, 20 (JE); v 19^(×2), 21 (P) ψ 78:44; 105:29; cf. Is. 15:9 & Ez 32:6; further, of appearance of blood in sky Jo 3:3, & of colour of moon v 4; specifically of red colour of water אֲדֻמִּים כַּדָּם 2 K 3:22; cf. v 23.
3. blood used with religious significance, a. blood of passover-lamb Ex 12:7, 13^(×2) (all P) v 22^(×2), 23 (all JE); note also דַּם הַבְּרִית i.e. blood by which a covenant was ratified Ex 24:8 (JE) Zc 9:11. b. blood used in ritual, Lv 17:11 הַדָּם הוּא בַּנֶּפֶשׁ יְכַפֵּר (H); cf. 2 Ch 29:24; also Ez 44:7, 15 (both ‖ חֵלֶב); further Lv 1:5; Is 1:11 ψ 50:13; thrown on altar, vb. זָרַק usually c. עַל Ex 24:6 (JE); 29:16, 20; Lv 1:5, 11; 3:2, 8, 13; 7:2, 14; 8:19, 24; 9:12, 18 (all P); 17:6 (H); Nu 18:17 (P) Ez 43:18; 2 K 16:13, 15^(×2) 2 Ch 29:22^(×3) cf. 30:16; sprinkled, vb. הִזָּה Lv 5:9; 16:19 (both P); sprinkled toward tent of meeting (vb. הִזָּה) Nu 19:4^(×2) (P); brought into tent of meeting Lv 4:5, 16; 6:23; cf. 10:18 (all P); sprinkled toward the holy of holies (vb. הִזָּה) Lv 4:6^(×2), 17; 16:14^(×2) (all P); brought within the veil on day of atonement Lv 16:15^(×3) (cf. v 14) v 27 (all P); thrown on people Ex 24:8 (JE; זָרַק); sprinkled on priests (הִזָּה) Ex 29:21; Lv 8:30 (both P); on garment (in sanctuary, הִזָּה) Lv 6:20 (P); applied with finger to horns of altar Ex 29:12; Lv 4:7, 18, 25, 30, 34; 8:15; 9:9^(×3); 16:18^(×2) (all P; cf. also Ez 45:19) Ez 43:20; applied to tip of right ear of priest Ex 29:20; Lv 8:23, 24 (all P; also Lv 14:14, 25 P); poured out at base of altar (שָׁפַךְ אֶל־) Ex 29:12; Lv 4:7, 18, 25, 30, 34 (all P); cf. with מָצָה (Niph.) Lv 1:15; 5:9; with יָצַק 8:15 (all P); half of blood put in basons Ex 24:6 (JE); blood poured out on altar Dt 12:27^(×2); blood of red heifer burned Nu 19:5 (P); vid. further such terms as דַּם זִבְחִי Ex 23:18; 34:25 (both JE) (cf. Dt 12:27; 2 K 16:15); דַּם הַשְּׁלָמִים Lv 7:33 (P; cf. v 14); דַּם חַטָּאת הַכִּפֻּרִים Ex 30:10 (P) cf. Ez 45:19; דּם הָאָשָׁם Lv 14:14, 17, 25, 28; (v זֶבַח, שֶׁלֶם, חַטָּאת, אָשָׁם); דַּם־חֲזִיר, swine’s blood, as heathen offering Is 66:3; cf. נִסְכֵּיהֶם מִדָּם ψ 16:4 (v. Che).
4. fig. of wine דַּם־עֲנָבִים Gn 49:11 (blessing of Jacob ‖ יַיִן); cf. Dt 32:14 (song) דַּם עֵנָב תִּשְׁתֶּה־הָ֑מֶר—בְּדָֽמְךָ Ez 19:10 prob. text. error cf. VB; Da proposes בְּרוּמָהּ in her height.

דָּמָה

† I דָּמָה vb. be like, resemble (NH id., Aramaic דְּמֵי, דְּמָא, ܕܡܳܐ cf. דמין, ܕܡܰܝܳܐ price, Nab. דמי id. (Nö in Eut^Nab.^{Inscr. p. 35}); also ܕܡܽܘܬܳܐ, and ܕܽܘܡܝܳܐ likeness (whence Arabic دُمْيَةٌ image, effigy, as loan-wd. Frä²⁷²) cf. דְּמוּת)—
Qal Pf. 3 ms. ד׳ Ez 31:8 ψ 144:4; 3 fs. דָּֽמְתָה Ct 7:8; 2 ms. דָּמִיתָ Ez 31:2, 18; 1 s. דָּמִיתִי ψ 102:7; 3 pl. דָּמוּ Ez 31:8; 1 pl. דָּמִינוּ Is 1:9; Impf. 3 ms. יִדְמֶה ψ 89:7; 1 pl. וְנִדְמֶה consec. Is 46:5; Imv. ms. דְּמֵה Ct 2:17; 8:14; Pt. דּוֹמֶה Ct 2:9;—be like, resemble, of external appearance, sq. לְ, Ct 7:8; 2:9, 17; 8:14; sq. אֶל־ Ez 31:8^(×2), 18 (all of tree, fig. of Pharaoh); of condition or quality sq. לְ Is 1:9 ψ 102:7; 144:4; so מִי … יִדְמֶה ליהוה ψ 89:7; also abs. Is 46:5; sq. אֶל Ez 31:2.
Pi. Pf. דִּמָּה 2 S 21:5, דִּמִּיתָ ψ 50:21; דִּמִּיתִי Nu 33:56, Is 14:24; sf. דִּמִּיתִיךָ Ct 1:9, דִּמּוּ 2 S 21:5; Impf. יְדַמֶּה Is 10:7; 2 fs. תְּדַמִּי Est 4:13 (juss.); אֲדַמֶּה La 2:13; Ho 12:11; 2 mpl. תְּדַמְּיוּן Is 40:18; sf. תְּדַמְּיוּנִי Is 40:25; 46:5;—liken, compare; imagine, think, devise;— 1. liken, i.e. consider to be like, compare, causat. of Qal, sq. לְ of external appearance Ct 1:9; of quality or condition Is 46:5 (obj. י׳) La 2:13; sq. אֶל of external a appearance Is 40:18, 25 (both obj. God in ref. to idols); abs. use comparisons or similitudes (parables, symbols, etc.) Ho 12:11 (subj. י׳). 2. imagine, form an idea, devise 2 S 21:5 (on context cf. Dr); think, intend, sq. Inf. Nu 33:56 (J or H); Ju 20:5; Est 4:13; abs. Is 10:7; cf. 14:24; think that, sq. obj. cl. (Impf. without conj.) ψ 50:21; think of, sq. acc. ψ 48:10.
Hithp. make oneself or become like; Impf; אֶדַּמֶּה לְעֶלְיוֹן Is 14:14 I will make myself like the Most High (on form cf. Ges^{§ 54, 2}).

דֻּמָּה

† דֻּמָּה n.f. one silenced, brought to silence (?; destroyed?) מִי כְצוֹר כְּדֻמָּה בְּתוֹךְ הַיָּ֑ם Ez 27:32 (form pecul. & sense dub.: Baer כְּדֻמָה; Co כְּבֻדָּה from כָּבֹד adj., cf. 23:41 ψ 45:14) AV What city is like Tyre, like the destroyed (as though for מְדֻמָּה cf. ההללה 26:1; but Pi. Pu. not elsewhere) in the midst of the sea? RV like her that is brought to silence.—Dl^{Baer Ezech p. xi. & Pr 64} der., hesitantly, from II. דמם.

דָּמָה²

† II. [דָּמָה] vb. cease, cause to cease, cut off, destroy—
Qal Perf. 1 s. דָּמִיתִי Je 6:2, וְדָמִ֫יתִי consec. Ho 4:5; Impf. 3 fs. תִּדְמֶה La 3:49; 3 fpl. juss. תִּדְמֶינָה Je 14:17;— 1. intr. cease Je 14:17 (eyes from weeping) La 3:49 (id.) 2. cause to cease, cut off, destroy, c. acc. Israel (under fig. of בת־ציון) Je 6:2; (under fig. of אִמֶּ֑ךָ) Ho 4:5.
Niph. Pf. נִדְמָה Is 15:1, 1 +; 3 fs. נִדְמְתָה Je 47:5; 2 ms. נִדְמֵיתָה Ob 5, נִדְמֵיתָ Ez 32:2; 1 s. נִדְמֵיתִי Is 6:5; 3 pl. נִדְמוּ Ho 4:6 +; Inf. abs. נִדְמֹה Ho 10:15; Pt. נִדְמֶה Ho 10:7; be cut off, destroyed, ruined, of a city Is 15:1, 1 (‖ שֻׁדַּד) Je 47:5; of people Ho 4:6; Zp 1:11; Ob 5; of king Ho 10:7, 15^(×2) cf. Ez 32:2; of beasts ψ 49:13, 21; be ruined, undone, prophet at sight of Yahweh Is 6:5.

דְּמוּת

† דְּמוּת n.f. likeness, similitude (mostly late) (according to Lag^{BN 12, 147 ff.} mispunct. for דִּמְוַת from דִּמְוָה; according to We^{Prol. 413, Eng. Tr 389} an Aramaic loan-word, but v. Di Gn 5:1, Dr^{JPh. xi. 216} Che^OP. ⁴⁷⁴)—abs. ד׳ Is 40:18 + 3 times; cstr. ד׳ Gn 5:1 + 16 times; sf. דְּמוּתוֹ Gn 5:3; דְּמוּתֵנוּ 1:26;—
1. likeness, similitude, of external appearance, chiefly in Ezek.: Ez 1:5 (likeness, i.e. something that appeared like) so v 26; 8:2 דְּמוּת כְּמַרְאֵה (אֵשׁ) (cf. Co), 10:1 כְּמַרְאֵה ד׳ כִּסֵּא; cf. also Dn 10:16 כִּדְמוּת בְּנֵי אָדָם i.e. one like the sons of man; similitude, resemblance Ez 1:5, 10, 16, 22, 26; 10:10, 21, 22; דְּמוּת כְּמַרְאֵה אָדָם 1:26; מַרְאֵה ד׳ כְּבוֹד י׳ v 28; also 2 K 16:10 (pattern of altar), 2 Ch 4:3 (images of oxen); of son in likeness of father Gn 5:3 (P); so also of man in likeness of God Gn 1:26 (‖ צֶלֶם), 5:1 (both P); cf. Is 40:18 what ד׳ will ye compare to him (אֵל)? ‖ דִּמָּה q.v.
2. adverbially, in likeness of, like as Is 13:4 cf. Ez 23:15 & כִּד׳ ψ 58:5.—Ez 1:13 read וּבֵינוֹת v. בֵּין and J P Peters^{JBL 1892, 40.42}. On דְּמוּת אֶחָד Ez 1:16; 10:10 (apparently masc.) cf. Thes & Sm who trans. the likeness of one had they all four; Co reads אהת.

דֳּמִי

† דֳּמִי n.[m.] cessation, pause, quiet, rest; ד׳ Is 62:6 + 2 times; cstr. דְּמִי Is 38:10 (but v. infr.);—
1. quiet, in phr. אַל־ד׳ לָכֶם Is 62:6 keep not quiet (let there be no quiet to you); in prayer to God אַל־ד׳ לָךְ ψ 83:2 keep not quiet (inactive; ‖ חרשׂ, שׁקט); cf. וְאַל־תִּתְּנוּ ד׳ לוֹ Is 62:7 and give no rest to him (י׳).
2. in phr. בִּדְמִי יָמַי, Is 38:10 appar. quiet, peacefulness, even tenour, of my days (so De Or SS); others, as Hi Ew Che Di, pause, resting-time, i.e. noon-day (cf. 𝔖 𝔙, & height 𝔊), fig. of middle life, but usage dub.; Klo^{SK 1884, 157} cessation, pause, of natural end of life, Hezekiah’s natural expectation, in contrast with the speedy death implied in v b; but parallelism of v 11a is ag. this; Brd emends בְּרֻם after 𝔊; Klo^l.c. suggests בְּתֹם or כְּתֹם but preferably in the half, i.e. the midst of my days from דָּמָה aequavit (Dathe).

דִּמְיֹן

† [דִּמְיֹן] n.[m.] likeness, דִּמְיֹנוֹ כְּאַרְיֵה ψ 17:12 his likeness is as a lion, i. e. he is like a lion.

דָּמַם

† I. [דָּמַם] vb. be or grow dumb, silent, still (NH id.; Ethiopic in ii. 1 አድመመ stupefy; iii., 1 & 2 ተደመ, ተደመመ be astounded, stupefied)—
Qal Pf. דָּ֑מּוּ ψ 35:15 Jb 30:27; Impf. יִדֹּם Am 5:13 + 2 times, וַיִּדֹּם Lv 10:3; Jos 10:13; 3 fs. תִּדֹּם La 2:18; 2 fs. תִּדֹּמִּי Je 48:2 (so Ki Ol & Kö³²⁷ q.v.; others Niph.); וָאֶדֹּם Jb 31:14; יִדְּמוּ Ex 15:16 + 3 times; 1 pl. cohort. נִדְּמָה Je 8:14 (Thes; or Niph.); imv. דּוֹם Jos 10:12 דֹּמּוּ ψ 4:5;— 1. be silent ψ 4:5; 30:13; 35:15 (prob., cf. De Che), Ez 24:17; Lv 10:3 (P); Am 5:13; in grief La 2:10; 3:28. 2. be still (opp. to both speech and motion) Jb 31:34; = perish Je 8:14; 48:2 ψ 31:18; (ד׳ לשׁאול); c. לְ be silent to i.e. be resigned to ψ 37:7; 62:6, sq. לְמוֹ עֲצָתִי Jb 29:21 (‖ לִי שָֽׁמְעוּ); be still, motionless, stand still Jos 10:12, 13 (of sun ‖ עמד); 1 S 14:9 (men); Je 47:6 (of sword ‖ הֵרָֽגְעִי); so also of bowels, as seat of mental excitement Jb 30:27; La 2:18 אַל־תִּדֹּם בַּת־עֵינֵךְ, i.e. cease not to weep (‖ הוֹרִידִי כַנַּחַל דִּמְעָה). 3. be struck dumb, astounded, in amazement and fear Ex 15:16 (כאבן) Is 23:2 (but cf. II. דמם).
Niph. Pf. 3 pl. וְנָדַמּוּ consec. Je 25:37; Impf. יִדַּמּוּ Je 49:26; 50:30, יִדָּ֑מּוּ 1 S 2:9; 2 mpl. תִּדַּמּוּ Je 51:6—be made silent, i.e. destroyed; the wicked 1 S 2:9 (בַּחשֶׁךְ), cf. Je 51:6; men of war Je 49:26; 50:30; dwellings Je 25:37.
Po. Pf. 1 s. שִׁוִּיתִי וְדוֹמַ֫מְתִּי נַפְשִׁי ψ 131:2 ‘composed and quieted my soul’ Che (as a weaned child).
Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. sf. הֲדִמָּנוּ he (God) hath silenced us (= caused to perish) Je 8:14.

דָּמַם²

† II. [דָּמַם] vb. wail (? cf. Assyrian damâmu, groan, wail, lament, Dl^{Baer’s Ezech xi; Pr 64})—only
Qal Imv. דֹּ֫מּוּ ישְׁבֵי אִי Is 23:2 wail, ye coast dwellers (cf. Dl^l.c.), ‖ הֵילִילוּ v 1, & הֵילִילוּ ישְׁבֵי אִי v 6; most, however, assign this to I. דמם q.v. (3).

דְּמָמָה

† דְּמָמָה n.f. (silence) whisper (on format. cf. Ba^{NB 87})—וְאַחַר הָאֵשׁ קוֹל דְּמָמָה דַקָּ֑ה 1 K 19:12; דְּמָמָה וָקוֹל אֶשְׁמָ֑ע Jb 4:16 a whisper and a voice, i.e. an articulate whisper (cf. Di); יָקֵם סְעָרָה לִדְמָמָ֑ה ψ 107:29 he settleth storm into whisper.

דמן

דמן (√ of foll., meaning dub.; Arabic دَمَنَ, prepare, improve, manure land, appar. denom.)

דֹּ֫מֶן

† דֹּ֫מֶן n.m. dung (Arabic دِمْنٌ ) always in this form and always of corpses, lying on ground as offal 2 K 9:37 Je 8:2; 9:21; 16:4; 25:33 ψ 83:11.

דִּמְנָה

† דִּמְנָה n.pr.loc. Levitical city in Zebulun Jos 21:35 (but read perhaps רִמֹּנָה +; cf. 1 Ch 6:62; Jos 19:13, and v. Di).

דֶּ֫מַע

† [דֶּ֫מַע] n.[m.] (weeping, trickling) juice, i.e. wine or (&) oil (cf. foll.) דִּמְעֲךָ Ex 22:28 (‖ מְלֵאָֽתְךָ), cf. Di; Arabic دَمْعَةٌ الكَرْمِ = wine.

דָּמַע

† [דָּמַע] vb. weep (NH id., Arabic دَمَعَ & دَمِعَ Aramaic דְּמַע, ܕܡܰܥ: Assyrian in deriv., v. infr.),
Qal Impf. 3 fs., and Inf. abs., וְדָמֹעַ תִּדְמַע וְתֵרֵד עֵינִי דִּמְעָה Je 13:17.

דִּמְעָה

† דִּמְעָה n.f. coll. tears (chiefly poet. and late; freq. in Je. and contemp.) (Arabic دَمْعٌ; Assyrian dimu, dimtu Hpt^{KAT2 Gloss i.} Zim^{BP 23, 95}; Aramaic דִּמְעָא, ܕܶܡܥܳܐ; NH דֶּמַע, דִּמְעָה)—abs. ד׳ ψ 80:6 + 10 times; cstr. דִּמְעַת Ec 4:1; sf. דִּמְעָתִי ψ 6:7; + 4 times; דִּמְעָתֶ֑ךָ 2 K 20:5 = Is 38:5 + Ez 24:16 (del. 𝔊 Co); דִּמְעָתָהּ La 1:2; pl. דְּמָעוֹת ψ 80:6 La 2:11—tears ψ 6:7 Ec 4:1; La 1:2; 2:11; especially in Je. in phrase תֵּרֵד עֵינִי ד׳ etc. Je 9:17; 13:17; 14:17, cf. La 2:18; Je 8:23 וְעֵינִי מְקוֹר ד׳; אֲרַיָּ֫וֶךְ דִּמְעָתִי of weeping over, in behalf of one Is 16:9; as appealing to God’s compassion 2 K 20:5 = Is 38:5 ψ 39:13; ψ 56:9 שִׂימָה ד׳ בְּנֹאדֶ֑ךָ (cf. Che) v. also ψ 116:8; Je 31:16; Is 25:8; opp. רִנָּה ψ 126:5; of hypocritical tears Mal 2:13; fig. tears as food ψ 42:4 (דִּמְעָתִי להם); לחם ד׳ 80:6; as drink 80:6, cf. Babyl. dimtu maštîtî, tears (were) my drink (Zim^{BP 42}; ‖ bikîtum kurmatî, weeping (was) my sustenance).—Ez 24:16 וְלֹא תָבוֹא דִּמְעָתֶ֑ךָ del. 𝔊 Co cf. v 23.

דְּמֶשֶׁק

† דְּמֶשֶׁק n.[m.]? Am 3:12 וּבִד׳ עָ֑רֶשׂ; punct. & meaning dub. all ancient Vrss דַּמֶּשֶׂק, and so Pusey; Hoffm^{ZAW iii. 102} (‘in Damascus on a couch’) al., yet this hardly suitable in context; Thes Hi Ew Baur Ke Gunning RV al. follow MT, & render damask, silk, etc. (Arabic دِمَقْسٌ connex. with city דַּמֶּשֶׂק (Arabic دِمَشْقُ) disputed; according to Frä^40.288 Arabic دِمَقْسٌ is by metath. from مِدَقْسٌ, & this a loan-word from Syriac ܡܝܛܟܣܐ & this from Gk. μέταξα (Old Lat. metaxa)).

דַּמֶּ֫שֶׂק

† דַּמֶּ֫שֶׂק n.pr.loc. Damascus (Assyrian Dimašḳi, Dimasḳi, Dl^{Pa 280} Schr^{COT Gn 15, 2 & ABK 323} Jäger ^{BAS ii. 281 f.}; Arabic دَمِشْقُ, دِمِشْقُ; Aramaic 𝔗 Onk, etc. דמשק, Ps-Jon דרמשק; ܕܰܪܡܣܘܽܩ )—דַּמֶּשֶׂק 1 K 11:24 + 28 times; דַּמָּ֑שֶׂק Gn 14:15 + 8 times; דַּרְמֶשֶׂק 1 Ch 18:5 + 3 times Ch; דַּרְמָ֑שֶׂק 2 Ch 24:23; 28:5, דּוּמֶּשֶׂק 2 K 16:10; דְּמֶשֶׁק Am 3:12 v. foll., Vrss. דַּמֶּשֶׂק;—ancient Aramaean city, situated lat. 33° 30ˊ N., long. 36° 15ˊ E., in plain E. of Hermon & SE. of Anti-Lebanon; on the Nahr Baradâ (Gk. Chrysorrhoas); mod. Dimishḳ & Esh-Sham, Rob^{BR iii. 440 ff.} Bd^{Pal 307}; Damascus Gn 14:15; Am 5:27; 1 K 11:24^(×2) 2 K 14:28; Ct 7:5; so also prob. Gn 15:2 (perhaps gloss cf. Di), (&Am 3:12 v. foll.); a trading-centre Ez 27:18; as capital & residence of king of Aram 1 K 15:18 = 2 Ch 16:2, cf. 1 K 20:34; 2 K 16:9, 10^(×2), 11^(×2), 12; 2 Ch 28:5; Is 7:8^(×2); 8:4; 10:9 (cf. Peters^{Hbr April 1885, 242}) 17:1^(×2), 3; Je 49:23, 24, 27; including also surrounding territory Ez 47:16, 17 cf. v 18; 48:1, v. מִדְבַּ֫רָה ד׳ 1 K 19:15; נַהֲרוֹת ד׳ 2 K 5:12; = kingdom Am 1:3, 5 cf. Zc 9:1; once (late) מֶלֶךְ ד׳ 2 Ch 24:23; note, also אֲרַם ד׳ 2 S 8:5, 6 = 1 Ch 18:5, 6; further אֱלֹהֵי ד׳ 2 Ch 28:23 (‖ אֱלֹהֵי מַלְכֵי אֲרָם).

דָּן

† דָּן n.pr.m. (judge)—
1. son of Jacob and Bilhah Gn 30:6; 35:25 Ex 1:4 Jos 19:47 Ju 18:29 1 Ch 2:2.
2. the tribe of Dan, מַטֵּה דָן Ex 31:6; 35:34; 38:23 Lv 24:11 Nu 1:39; 13:12 Jos 21:5, 23 (all P); בְּנֵי דָן Gn 46:23 Nu 1:38; 2:25; 7:66; 10:25; 26:42; 34:22 Jos 19:40, 47^(×2), 48 (all P) Ju 1:34 18:2, 16, 22, 23, 25, 26, 30; מַחֲנֵה דָן Nu 2:25, 31 (P)—on Ju 13:25; 18:12 v. מַחֲנֶה; מִשְׁפְּחֹת דָּן Nu 26:42 (P); דָּן alone in poetry Gn 49:16, 17 Dt 33:22^(×2) Ju 5:17, elsewhere Nu 1:12 (P) Dt 27:13 1 Ch 27:22 2 Ch 2:13 Ez 48:1, 2, 32.
3. a city on northern frontier of Israel at one of the sources of the Jordan, originally לַיִשׁ Ju 18:29 (cf. v 7); = לָשֶׁם Jos 19:47; captured by a colony of Danites; named Dan, and made a sacred place with rites of worship that lasted until the exile (Ju 18:30); =Tell el Kâdî, Rob^{BR iii. 351, 358} Bd^{Pal 265}. This place is frequently referred to: Gn 14:14 Dt 34:1 1 K 12:29, 30; 15:20 2 K 10:29 2 Ch 16:4 Je 4:15; 8:16 Am 8:14: read also וּבְדָן for וְכֵן 2 S 20:18 𝔊 Ew We cf. Dr; and v. the phrase מִדָּן וְעַד־בְּאֵר שֶׁבַע Ju 20:1 1 S 3:20 2 S 3:10; 17:11; 24:2, 15 1 K 5:5; given by Chr מִבְּאֵר שֶׁכַע וְעַד־דָּן 1 Ch 21:2 2 Ch 30:5. (Ez 27:19 v. ודן.)
Note. —דָּ֫נָה יַעַן or דַּנָֿה (Bear) 2 S 24:6. No such place known; text usually regarded as corrupt,and, 𝔊 being uncertain, variously changed: (1) דָּ֫נָה יַעַר to Dan in the wood, Thes after 𝔙 silvestria. (2) (וַיָּסֹבּוּ) דָּ֫נָה וְעִיּוֹן to Dan and Ijon Klo (cf. 1 K 15:20). (3) (סָֽבֲבוּ) דָּן וּמִדָּן We Dr cf. 𝔊.

דָּן²

דָּן v. sub דין.

דָּנִאֵל

דָּנִאֵל later דָּנִיֵּאל n.pr.m. (cf. Ew§ 45 d; Ēl is my judge; on a possible connexion with Zend dânu, wise, or wisdom cf. Che^{OP 107}; v. Palm. דנאל Vog⁹³)—
1. son of David 1 Ch 3:1, דָּנִיֵּאל, but dub. cf. Che^{OP 106}; 𝔊 Δαμνιηλ, 𝔊L & Codd. Δαλουια; ‖ 2 S 3:3 כִּלְאָב, 𝔊 Δαλουια Klo^Sm proposes דֹּדִיָּה & in Ch דֹּדִיאֵל, but grounds precarious.
2. דָּנִיֵּאל priest of the line of Ithamar Ezr 8:2 Ne 10:7.
3. דָּנִאֵל a great sage Ez 28:3; classed with Noah and Job as models of righteousness Ez 14:14, 20; perhaps the same as
4. דָּנִיֵּאל, one of the noble young men taken into captivity by Nebuchadrezzar according to Dn 1:1—6, the hero of the book of Daniel, Dn 1:6 + 22 times (also frequently in Aramaic section).

דָּנִאֵל²

דָּנִאֵל v. sub דין.

דנג

דנג (√ of foll., meaning unknown).

דַּנָּה

† דַּנָּה n.pr.loc. a city of Judah ‘in the hill country,’ named just before Ḳiryath Sanna = Debîr (= Ḳ. Sepher), Jos 15:49 𝔊 Ῥεννα.

דִּנְהָ֑בָה

† דִּנְהָ֑בָה n.pr.loc. capital city of king Bela in Edom Gn 36:32 = 1 Ch 1:43; identif. with Tennib (perhaps = Thenib, near the edge of the Belka, ENE. from Heshbon, described by Tristr ^{Moab 222}) by Neubauer^{Acad. 1891, 260} cf. Tomkins^{ib. 284}.

דָּנִי

† דָּנִי adj.gent. always c. art. as n.pr. coll. הַדָּנִי 1 Ch 12:35; שֵׁבֶט הַדָּנִי Ju 18:1, 30; מִשְׁפַּחַת הַדָּנִי Ju 13:2; 18:11.

דָּנִיֵּאל

דָּנִיֵּאל v. דָּנִאֵל sub דין.

דֵּעַ

דֵּעַ, דֵּעָה v. sub ידע.

דֵּעַ²

† [דֵּעַ] n.[m.] knowledge, opinion (late)—only sf. דֵּעִי Jb 32:6 + 3 times, and pl. דֵּעִים 37:16; all in speech of Elihu.
1. knowledge, תְּמִים ד׳ Jb 37:16 one perfect in knowledge (of God).
2. judgment, opinion Jb 36:3; חַוֹּת דֵּעִי 32:6 to declare my opinion, so v 10, 17.

דֵּעָה

† דֵּעָה n.f. knowledge (strictly Inf. of ידע)—דֵּעָה ψ 73:11 + 3 times; pl. דֵּעוֹת 1 S 2:3; Jb 36:4;—תְּמִים ד׳ Jb 36:4 (of Elihu); of God’s knowledge, אֵל ד׳ י׳ 1 S 2:3 a God of knowledge is י׳ (on pl. v. Dr); יֵשׁ דֵּעָה בְעֶלְיוֹן ψ 73:11 (‖ אֵיכָה יָדַע־אֵל); knowledge, with י׳ as obj. Is 11:9 (where verbal force of noun appears); as taught by proph. Is 28:9; וְרָעוּ אֶתְכֶם דֵּעָה וְהַשְׂכֵּיל Je 3:15 of י׳’s shepherds (i.e. future ideal rulers). Gr proposes (plausibly) רָעֹה, after 𝔊, v. also Gie.

דְּעוּאֵל

דְּעוּאֵל (רְעוּאֵל) v. sub ידע, רעה.

דְּעוּאֵל²

† דְּעוּאֵל n.pr.m. a Gadite, Nu 1:14; 7:42, 47; 10:20, but 𝔊 in all Ραγουηλ, so Sam 𝔖; = רְעוּאֵל Nu 2:14, where, however, 𝔙 and Heb. Codd. ד׳ (all P); v. further sub רעה.

דָּעַךְ

† [דָּעַךְ] vb. go out, be extinguished (poet. & especially Wisd. lit. (Aramaic דְּעִיךְ, ܕܥܶܟ )—
Qal Pf. 3 mpl. דָּֽעֲכוּ Is 43:17; Impf. יִדְעַךְ Pr 20:20, יִדְעָ֑ךְ Jb 18:5 + 4 times;—go out, be extinguished, of lamp, always fig., lamp of wicked (i.e. prosperity) אוֹר רְשָׁעִים Jb 18:5, נֵר ר׳ Jb 18:6; 21:17 Pr 13:9; 20:20; 24:20; of hostile armies Is 43:17 (‖ כָּב֫וּ).
Niph. Pf. 3 pl. נִדְעֲכוּ be made extinct, dried up, Jb 6:17 (of brooks).
Pu. Pf. 3 pl. דֹּעֲכוּ of assailants, be extinguished, quenched כְּאֵשׁ קוֹצִים ψ 118:12; but read perhaps בעדו with 𝔊 Bae & Che, v. Che^{crit. n.}

דַּעַת

דַּעַת v. sub ידע.

דַּ֫עַת

† דַּ֫עַת n.f. ^{ψ 139:6} Dn 12:4 (m. Pr 2:10; 14:6, poss. Jb 33:3 Ew^{§ 174} g) knowledge (proposes Inf., which appears clearly Gn 2:9, 17 Je 22:16)—abs. דַּ֫עַת Gn 2:9 + 35 times; דָּ֑עַת Jos 20:3 + 35 times; cstr. דַּ֫עַת Nu 24:16 + 10 times; sf. דַּעְתִּי Pr 22:17; דַּעְתְּךָ Jb 10:7; דַּעְתֵּךְ Is 47:10; דַּעְתּוֹ Pr 3:20 Is 53:11; דַּעְתְּכֶם Jb 13:2; דַּעְתָּם Is 44:25;—
1. a. knowledge, perception in phrase בִּבְלִי ד׳ Dt 4:42 = unintentionally, 19:4 Jos 20:3 (where P’s synonym is בִּשְׁגָגָה v 3, 9, cf. Nu 35:11, 15), v 5; without knowing מִבְּלִי ד׳ Is 5:13 (= before they knew it, suddenly). b. = skill (in workmanship) Ex 31:3; 35:31 (both P; both ‖ תְּבוּנָה and חָכְמָה), 1 K 7:14 (sq. inf.); creative skill Is 40:14 (‖ אֹרַח מִשְׁפָּט, דֶּרֶךְ תְּבוּנוֹת). c. of proph. knowledge יֹדֵעַ ד׳ עליון Nu 24:16 (JE), cf. ψ 19:3. d. especially knowledge with moral quality Gn 2:9, 17 (J; in both verbal force, הַדּ׳ טוֹב וָרַע the knowing good and evil). e. knowledge possessed by God Jb 10:7 ψ 139:6 Pr 3:20 (‖ חָכְמָה and תְּבוּנָה), 21:12; taught by God to men ψ 94:10; 119:66 (‖ טוּב טַעַם), Pr 2:6 (‖ תְּבוּנָה and חָכְמָה). f. דַּעַת־רוּחַ = windy (unreal) knowledge Jb 15:2.
2. especially in WisdLt = discernment, understanding, wisdom: a. Jb 13:2; 33:3 (ד׳ שְׂפָתַי), לֹא בְּדַעַת Jb 34:35 (‖ חכמה), Pr 8:9, 10 (‖ מוסר), 10:14; 11:9; 18:15^(×15); 22:12; 29:7, cf. Is 32:4; 53:11 Je 10:14 = 51:17; בבלי דעת Jb 35:16; 36:12; בלי ד׳ 38:2; 42:3, בְּלֹא ד׳ Pr 19:2; ‖ תְּבוּנָה Pr 17:27; Is 44:19; ת׳ + חכמה Pr 24:4, ‖ מְזִמָּה Pr 1:4; 5:2; ד׳ מְזִמּוֹת 8:12; ‖ vb. עָרַם 19:25; ‖ מֹצֵעוֹת 22:20; ‖ מוּסָר 12:1; 19:27; 23:12; ‖ תּוֹרָה Mal 2:7; ‖ חכמה Pr 14:6; Ec 1:16, 18; 2:21, 26; 7:12; 9:10; connected with חָכָם Pr 21:11; Ec 12:9; דברי חכמים Pr 22:17; Is 33:6 (חכמת) Is 44:25 (חכמים); wisdom of magicians 47:10 Dn 1:4 (‖ חָכְמָה and מַדָּע). b. in highest sense, knowledge of God (incl. obedience) Ho 4:1, 6 (מִבְּלִי הַדַּעַת), v 6; 6:6 Jb 21:14; Pr 2:5 (‖ יראת י׳), so Is 11:2; 58:2; Je 22:16 (verbal force, c. acc.), Pr 9:10 (ד׳ קדשׁים, ‖ יראת י׳), 30:3 (id., ‖ חָכְמָה); v. also יִרְאַת י׳ ראשׁית ד׳ 1:7 (‖ חָכְמָה מוּסָר), v 22, 29 (‖ יִרְאַת י׳), 2:10 (‖ חָכְמָה). c. opp. אִוֶּלֶת Pr 12:23; 13:16; 14:18; 15:2 cf. v 7, also v 14. d. שִׂפְתֵי־ד׳ Pr 14:7; 20:15; אישׁ ד׳ 24:5 (‖ גֶּבֶר חָכָם).—Dn 12:4 is dub.; 𝔊 Bev read ותרבה הָרָעֹת.

דפה

דפה (√ of foll., meaning unknown; NH דּוֹפִי is blemish, fault).

דֳּפִי

† [דֳּפִי] n.[m.] blemish, fault בְּבֶן־אִמְּךָ תִּתֶּן־דֹּֽפִי׃ ψ 50:20 against thy mother’s son thou dost allege a fault (‖ בְּאָחִיךָ תְרַבֵּ֑ר).

דָּפַק

† [דָּפַק] vb. beat, knock (Arabic دَفَقَ pour out, also drive (beasts))—
Qal Perf. 3 mpl. sf. וּדְפָקוּם consec. Gn 33:13, but read 1 s. sf. וּדְפַקְתִּים 𝔊 𝔖 Sam Di beat (in driving, drive severely or cruelly); Pt. דּוֹפֵק Ct 5:2 abs. knocking (at door).
Hithp. Pt. מִתְדַּפְּקִים עַל־הַדָּ֑לֶת Ju 19:22 beat violently (beat themselves tired) against the door.

דָּפְקָה

† דָּפְקָה n.pr.loc. first station of Isr. after מדבר סין Nu 33:12, 13 𝔊 Ῥαφακα; situation unknown, cf. views in Di. (On an interpret. of name from a stone or metal Mafkat, Ta-Mafkat = Mafkat-district, v. Eb^{GS 148 f. 552 ff.})