Brown-Driver-Briggs Lexicon

נָהַג — נחשׁ

נָהַג

† I. נָהַג vb. drive, conduct (NH conduct oneself, behave, be accustomed; Arabic نَهَجَ go along the road, keep to the road; Aramaic נְהַג lead);—
Qal Pf. נ׳ La 3:2; נָֽהֲגוּ 1 S 30:20; Impf. יִנְהַג Is 20:4, etc.; Imv. נְהַג 2 K 4:24; Pt. act. נֹהֵג Is 11:6 + 2 times, etc.; pass. נְהוּגִים Is 60:11;— 1. drive, flocks Ex 3:1; cf. (in predict.) Is 11:6 (sq. בְּ); fig., obj. Joseph, ψ 80:2 (sim. of flock); hence, obj. human being, lead on, Ct 8:2 (‖ הֵבִיא אֶל־)); also fig., subj. י׳, La 3:2 (‖ הוֹלִיךְ); pass. pt. of kings led in procession Is 60:11 cf. Di (rather than as captives, Che, as earlier usage; ‖ הֵבִיא); drive away, off, (obj. מִקְנֶה) Gn 31:18 (of Jacob, going by stealth); usually as booty (obj. flocks and herds) 1 S 23:5, חמור יתומים ינהגו Jb 24:3 (unjustly); cf. 1 S 30:2, 20 (read וַיִּנְהֲגוּ We Dr Kit Bu, cf. Th, not HPS q.v.), v 22 (no obj. expr. but really captives ‖ הָלַךְ), Is 20:4; drive an ass for riding 2 K 4:24 (‖ הָלַךְ); a cart (עֲגָלָה) 2 S 6:3 = 1 Ch 13:7 (where בָּע׳); abs. of driving chariot 2 K 9:20; lead out an army to battle (late) 1 Ch 20:1 2 Ch 25:11. 2. fig. וְלִבִּי נֹהֵג בַּחָכְמָה Ec 2:3 my heart behaving itself in wisdom (cf. NH supr.).
Pi. Pf. נִהַג Ex 10:13; נִהַ֫גְתָּ Is 63:14; Impf. יְנַהֵג Dt 4:27, etc.;— 1. drive away, lead off, sq. acc., daughters of Laban Gn 31:26 (‖ גָּנַב); of י׳, leading off people into exile, sq. שָׁ֫מָּה Dt 4:27 (‖ הֵפִיץ), 28:37 (‖ הוֹלִיךְ). 2. lead on, guide, sq. acc., subj. י׳, ψ 78:52 (כַּעֵ֫דֶר ‖ הִסִּיעַ כַּצֹּאן); Is 49:10 (‖ נִהֵל, cf. ψ 23:2); 63:14; ψ 48:15; guide on, a wind, Ex 10:13 (sq. בָּאָרֶץ), ψ 78:26 (‖ הִסִּיעַ). 3. cause to drive (cf. Qal, 2 K 9:20) Ex 14:25 (JE; subj. י׳, v. Di).

נָהַג²

† II. [נָהַג] vb.Pi. moan, lament (Arabic نَهِجَ be out of breath, pant, breathe heavily; Aramaic ܢܗܰܓ sigh, groan);—
Pi. Pt. fpl. מְנַהֲגוֹת Na 2:8 (כְּקוֹל יוֹנִים).

נָהָה

† נָהָה vb. wail, lament (prob. onomatop., cf. Sta^{Gesch. i. 388}; Aramaic ܢܗܳܐ, (in Lexx); Ethiopic ንህየ is recreari, respirare, etc. Di⁶³²);—
Qal Pf. וְנָהָה Mi 2:4 lament sq. acc. cogn.; Imv. נְהֵה Ez 32:18, sq. עַל, concerning, for.
Niph. Impf. וַיִּנָּהוּ 1 S 7:2 sq. אַחֲרֵי went mourning after (so most, cf. Th Dr, who argue against Thes were gathered), < read ויפנ(ה), וַיִּפְנוּ turned after = submitted to (as Ez 29:16) 𝔊 (perhaps), We Kit Bu HPS.

נְהִי

† נְהִי n.[m.] wailing, lamentation, mourning song;—נ׳ abs. Am 5:16 + 5 times; וָנֶ֑הִי Je 9:9;—wailing, at י׳’s judgment Mi 2:4 as acc. cogn.; Je 9:9 (c. נָשָׂא עַל־, + בְּכִי, ‖ קִינָה), v 17 (c. id., ‖ דִּמְעָה), v 18 (קוֹל נ׳), 31:15 (‖ בְּכִי, תַּמְרוּרִים); mourning song יוֹדְעֵי נ׳ Am 5:16 of professional mourners, skilled in mourning song; cf. Je 9:19, where taught (‖ קִינָה), also הִי Ez 2:10 (‖ אֵבֶל, מִסְפֵּד) q.v. (Ol Co read נהי, cf. Berthol).

נִהְיָה

† נִהְיָה n.f. id. (si vera l.);—only Mi 2:4 נָהָה נְהִי נִהְיָה, where, however, Thes al. der. נהיה from היה (Niph., v. p. 228 a supr.); but prob. corrupt, del. 𝔊 Sta^{ZAW 1886, 122 f.} We Now as dittogr.

נָהַל

† [נָהַל] vb.Pi. lead, guide to a watering-place or station, and cause to rest there; bring to a station or place of rest; lead, guide; refresh (cf. Arabic مَنْهَلٌ watering-place, نَهَلَ take a first drink; likewise (Dozy) مَنْهَلَةٌ station, stage of the road; perhaps also Assyrian naʾâlu, lie down Dl^{HWB 438}; Dl^{HA 5f.;Prol 17 ff.} tries to explain all the passages from this Assyrian nâlu; against him v. Prä^{LOPh i. 195} Che^{Acad., April 12, 1884} DHM^{ZKF i. 357 f.} Nö^{ZMG xl. 1886, 728}; two √ √ proposes by RDWilson^{Presb. Rev. (N.Y.), April, 1885} (careful art.), cf. Che^{ψ 23:2, crit. n.});—
Pi. Pf. 2 ms. נֵהַלְתָּ Ex 15:13; Impf. 3 ms. יְנַהֵל Is 40:11; sf. יְנַהֲלֵנִי ψ 23:2, יְנַהֲלֵם Is 49:10; וַיְנַהֲלֵם Gn 47:17 2 Ch 32:22; 2 ms. sf. תְּנַהֲלֵנִי ψ 31:4; 3 mpl. sf. וַיְנַהֲלוּם 2 Ch 28:15; Pt. מְנַהֵל Is 51:18;— 1. lead to a watering-place (or station), and cause to rest there, subj. י׳ as shepherd, Is 49:10 (עַל־ loc.; ‖ נהג), ψ 23:2 (c. עַל־ loc.; ‖ הִרְבִּיץ), Is 40:11 (‖ רעה, קִבֵּץ). 2. lead or bring to a station, a goal, י׳ subj. Ex 15:13 (song; no obj. expressed, אֶל־ loc.; ‖ נחה); human subj. 2 Ch 28:15 and they conducted all the feeble of them by means of (ב) asses (‖ הֵבִיא). 3. lead, guide: fig., אֵין מְנַהֵל לָהּ Is 51:18 there is no one to be a guide for her, i.e. for Jerus., drunk with cup of י׳’s fury (‖ מַחֲזִיק בְּיָדָהּ); י׳ subj. ψ 31:4 lead me (‖ תַּנְחֵנִי). 4. give rest to (?) וַיְנ׳ מִסָּבִיב 2 Ch 32:22 and he gave them rest on every hand, cf. 𝔊 𝔙 (= וַיָּנַח לָהֶם מִסּ׳ 1 Ch 22:18 +, prob. so read here, v. Be DHM Öt). 5. refresh with food, וַיְנ׳ בַּלֶּחֶם Gn 47:17 (J).
Hithp. Impf. prob. journey by stations, stages, only 1 s. אֶתְנַהֲלָה Gn 33:14 (J), I will proceed, journey on, by stages (i.e. deliberately, with family and cattle).

נַהֲלָל

נַהֲלָל v. ii. נַהֲלֹל.

נַהֲלֹל

† I. נַהֲלֹל n.m. pasture, or perhaps (Enc Bi⁶¹⁴) watering-place (see √), only pl. נַהֲלֹלִים Is 7:19.

נַהֲלֹל²

II. נַהֲלֹל n.pr.loc. Ju 1:30 in Zebulun, 𝔊 Δωμανα, A Εναμμαν, 𝔊L Αμμαν; = נַהֲלָל Jos 19:15; 21:35, 𝔊 Ναβααλ, Νααλωλ, 𝔊L Αναλωθ, Αλωμ;—site unknown, cf. GFM Ju 1:30.

נַ֫הַם

† נַ֫הַם n.[m.] growling of lion;—fig. of king’s wrath Pr 19:12, cf. 20:2.

נָהַם

† [נָהַם] vb. growl, groan (NH id.; Arabic نَهَمَ Aramaic ܢܗܰܡ נְהַם);—
Qal Pf. וְנָהַמְתָּ֫ Pr 5:11; וּנְהַמְתֶּם Ez 24:23; Impf. יִנְהֹם Is 5:29, 30; Pt. נֹהֵם Pr 28:15;— 1. growl, of a lion (viz. while it is devouring its prey: opp. שׁאג, of roar with which it springs upon it RS^{Proph. 243}) Pr 28:15, of Assyrian (under fig. of lion) Is 5:29; sq. עַל (over), v 30. 2. groan, of sufferer Pr 5:11; Ez 24:23.

נְהָמָה

† [נְהָמָה] n.f. growling, groaning;—only cstr. נָֽהֲמַת:
1. Is 5:30 of sea, in sim. of growling of Assyrian lion.
2. fig. groaning ψ 38:9 of heart (שָׁאַ֫גְתִּי מִנ׳).

נָהַק

† [נָהַק] vb. bray, cry (NH id.; Arabic نَهَقَ bray (of ass); Aramaic נְהַק cry out (of men), נְהִיקָא braying);—
Qal Impf. יִנְהַק Jb 6:5 of wild ass; יִנְהָ֑קוּ 30:7 of cries of destitute outcasts.

נָהַר

† I. [נָהַר] vb. flow, stream (Arabic نَهَرَ, run, flow; perhaps denom. from نَهْرٌ river, and this loan-wd. (cf. Frä²⁸⁵); Assyrian nâru, stream, river, Dl^{HWB 440}; Aramaic ܢܰܗܪܳܐ נַהֲרָא river);—
Qal Pf. 3 pl. consec. וְנָֽהֲרוּ Is 2:2 + 2 times; Impf. 3 mpl. יִנְהֲרוּ Je 51:44;—flow, stream, only fig.: of restored Isr. streaming אֶל־טוּב י׳ עַל־דָּגָן וגו׳ Je 31:12; nations to (אֶל־) Bel 51:44; to temple-hill at Jerus. Is 2:2 (אֵלָיו) = Mi 4:1 (עָלָיו).

נָהָר

נָהָר₁₂₀ n.m. ^{Gn 2:10} stream, river;—abs. נ׳ Gn 2:10 +; cstr. נְהַר Dt 1:7 +; pl. נְהָרִים Is 18:7 + 4 times, cstr. נַהֲרֵי Is 18:1 + 2 times; but oftener נְהָר(וֹ)ת Is 19:6 + 23 times; cstr. נַהֲרוֹת 2 K 5:12 + 2 times; sf. נַהֲרוֹתֶיךָ Ez 32:2, נַהֲרֹתַיִךְ Is 44:27, נַהֲרֹתֶיהָ Ez 31:4, 15, נַהֲרֹתָם Ex 7:19, נַהֲרוֹתָם Ez 32:2, 14; appar. du. נַהֲרַיִם Gn 24:10 + 2 times, נַהֲרָ֑יִם Ju 3:8 (v. infr.) (all in אֲרַם נ׳);—
1. stream, river, Nu 24:6 (JE), Jb 14:11; 40:23 ψ 105:41 (in sim.), Is 48:18 (id.), 59:19 (id.) + often; freq. of partic. rivers; r. of Eden Gn 2:10 and its branches v 13, 14 (all J); נְהַר מִצְרַיִם 15:18 (J; i.e., si vera l., the Nile) but read prob. נַחַל מ׳, whence נהר through infl. of foll. נהר—cf. 2 K 24:7—Nö^{ZMG xl. 1886, 699} (alternat.), Lag^{BN 140} Ball^Hpt; נָהָר of Nile Is 19:5; especially of Euphrates נְהַר פְּרָת Gn 15:18; Dt 1:7 (both + הַנּ׳ הַגָּדוֹל) Jos 1:4 + 8 times + 2 S 8:3 (Qr 𝔊 and ‖ 1 Ch 18:3; Kt om. פְּרָת;—cf. also Gn 2:14b supr.); oftener (of Euphr.) without פ׳: הַנָּהָר κατʼ ἐξοχήν, Gn 31:21 Ex 23:31 Nu 22:5; Jos 24:2, 3, 14, 15 (all E), poss. also Gn 36:37 (P; cf. Di) = 1 Ch 1:48, + 13 times + 2 S 8:3 Kt (v. supr.); and even without art. (poet.) † Is 7:20; Je 2:18 Mi 7:12; Zc 9:10; ψ 72:8; הַנּ׳ הַגּ׳ once of Tigris †Dn 10:4; †נְהַר גוֹזָן (חבור) 2 K 17:6; 18:11 cf. 1 Ch 5:26; pl. נַהֲרֵי כוּשׁ Zp 3:10; perhaps of a canal: נְהַר־כְּבָר Ez 1:1, 3 + 6 times Ez; הַנָּהָר אַהֲוָא Ezr 8:21, נְהַר א׳ v 31; cf. נַהֲרוֹת בָּבֶל ψ 137:1; canals poss. also in שַׁעֲרֵי הַנּ׳ Na 2:7 (of Nineveh); of canals of Egypt Ex 7:19 (‖ יְאֹרִים etc.), 8:1 (‖ id.).
2. נְהָרוֹת (מִבְּכִי) Jb 28:11 usually understood of (underground) streams; Szold^{Comm. Jb} Gr^{Monatsschr. 1887, 410} and Perles^{Analekten. 69} proposes נִבְכֵי נ׳ sources of rivers (cf. 36:16); Wetzst Hoffm Bu מַבְּכֵי נ׳ (not elsewhere) with similar meaning.
3. fig. of י׳s favour ψ 46:5.—On נַהֲרַיִם ending appar. du., v. אֲרַם; Tel Am. Na-ri-ma, Naḫrima (Wkl^TelAm.40), and Egyptian Nhrina (WMM^{As. u. Eur. 249 ff.}) point however to orig. ending ִים; this inconsistent with view of EMey^{Gesch. § 180} that ַיִם here a locative ending (cf. Ba^{§ c. Anm. 1} Buhl^{Ges 12}), v. also Di Gn 24:10.

נָהַר²

† II. נָהַר vb. shine, beam (Aramaic) (NH id., especially in deriv.; Assyrian nûru, light, Dl^{HWB 440}; Arabic نَهِرٌ daytime, نَهَارٌ day, daytime; Aramaic ܢܗܰܪ shine, נְהַר id.; Palm. נהירא illustrious, e.g. Vog^{Palm. No. 22});—
Qal Pf. 2 fs. consec. וְנָהַרְתְּ Is 60:5; 3 pl. נָהָ֑רוּ ψ 34:6;—beam, be radiant, fig. of joy: תִּרְאִי וְנ׳ Is 60:5, הִבִּיטוּ אֵלָיו וְנ׳ ψ 34:6 (read הַבּ׳, וּנְהָרוּ, v. 𝔊 𝔖 𝔙 Che Bae Du).

נְהָרָה

† נְהָרָה n.f. light, daylight (as Aramaic נְהוֹרָא, ܢܽܘܗܪܳܐ m.);—וְאַל־תּוֹפַע עָלָיו נ׳ Jb 3:4 (opp. חֹשֶׁךְ).

נוא

† [נוא] vb. hinder, restrain, frustrate (Arabic (نوأ) نَآءَ (or نَاءَ rise with difficulty, rise against one (Frey), iii. contend with, Lane ²⁸⁶¹);—
Qal Impf. 2 mpl. תנואון Nu 32:7 Kt, but read Hiph. (so Qr), cf. Di.
Hiph. Pf. הֵנִיא Nu 30:6, etc.; Impf. יָנִיא v 9, יָנִי ψ 141:5, תְּנִיאוּן Nu 32:7 Qr;— 1. restrain, forbid (performance of vow), sq. acc. pers. Nu 30:6^(×2), 9, 12; frustrate (device of people), subj. י׳, sq. acc. rei, ψ 33:10 (‖ הֵפִיר); refuse 141:5 (text dub. v. Che). 2. restrain, make averse the heart (acc.) Nu 32:7 (sq. מֵעֲבֹר), v 9 (sq. לְבִלְתִּי־בֹא).

נוֹב

† נוֹב Kt (Qr נִיב, q.v.) n.[m.] fruit;—cstr. Is 57:19 fruit of lips (fig. for thanksgiving).

נוּב

† [נוּב] vb. bear fruit (poet.) (Aramaic נוֹבָא fruit (rare));—
Qal Impf. יָנוּב ψ 62:11 Pr 10:31; יְנוּבוּן ψ 92:15;—only fig., abs. of righteous under fig. of tree ψ 92:15; חַיִל כִּי יָנוּב 62:11 if wealth beareth fruit; Pr 10:31 פִּי צַדִּיק יָנוּב חָכְמָה beareth the fruit of wisdom. Poʿl. Impf. יְנוֹבֵב Zc 9:17, דָּגָן בַּחוּרִים וְתִירוֹשׁ יְנ׳ בְּתֻלוֹת fig. for makes to flourish.

נוֹבָ֑י

† נוֹבָ֑י n.pr.m. a chief of people Ne 10:20 Qr נִיבָ֑י (Baer; נֵיבָ֑י van d. H., Ginsb; 𝔊 Νωβαι (cf. Palm. נבי n.pr.f. Cook¹²⁴ Lzb³²¹).

נוֹד

† I. [נוֹד, נֹד] n.[m.

נוּד

† נוּד vb. move to and fro, wander, flutter, shew grief (NH id. (rare); Aramaic ܢܳܕ נוּד, shake, move to and fro, be disturbed, agitated; Biblical Aramaic flee (v. infr.); Arabic (نود) نَادَ waver, totter);—
Qal Pf. 3 ms. נָד, so read for MT נֵד Is 17:11 Ges Hi Ew Di Kit Che^Hpt RV; 3 pl. נָ֫דוּ Je 50:3; Impf. 3 ms. יָנוּד 1 K 14:15 + 3 times; 2 ms. תָּנוּד Je 4:1, juss. תָּנֹד 16:5; 3 mpl. וַיָּנֻ֫דוּ Jb 42:11; 2 mpl. תָּנֻ֫דוּ Je 22:10; Imv. fs. נ֫וּדִי ψ 11:1 Qr (Kt נודו); mpl. נֻ֫דוּ Je 48:17 + 2 times Je; Inf. לָנוּד Jb 2:11 + 2 times; Pt. נָד Gn 4:12, 14;— 1. a. move to and fro, wander aimlessly, as fugitive, נָע וָנָד Gn 4:12, 14 (J), Je 4:1 (Gie, as apod., so RV; but Ew Hi Gf Che Ke, as prot., if thou wanderest not [morally], and swearest, etc.,—Ew Hi reading with 𝔊 שׁקוציך מִפִּיךָ וּמִפָּנַי לא תנוד; Co del. v 1, 2); take flight (perhaps metaplast. form of נדד q.v.), נֻסוּ נֻּדוּ מְאֹד Je 49:30 (on dagh. v. Ges^{§ 20 g}), of harvest Is 17:11 i.e. be destroyed, in fig. (v. supr.); Je 50:3 (‖ הלך), v 8 (sq. מִתּוֹךְ; ‖ יצא). b. flutter, of bird Pr 26:2 (‖ עוּף); fig. of soul ψ 11:1. c. waver, wave, shake, of reed 1 K 14:15 (sim. of smitten Isr.). 2. shew grief (i.e. by shaking or nodding head), usually sq. ל pers.: a. lament for the dead (Josiah) Je 22:10 (‖ בכה), for Jerus. Je 15:5 (‖ חמל), 16:5 (‖ ספד), Is 51:19; for Nineveh Na 3:7; Moab Je 48:17. b. condole, shew sympathy with Jb 2:11; 42:11; abs. ψ 69:21.
Hiph. Impf. 3 ms. יָנִיד Je 18:16; 3 fs. sf. תְּנִדֵנִי ψ 36:12; Imv. ms. sf. הֲנִידֵ֑מוֹ ψ 59:12 (so read for MT הורידמו 𝔖 Lag ^{Proph. Chald. xlviii.} Dr 2 S 15:20 cf. Che^{crit. n.} Hup-Now Bae Du); Inf. לְהָנִיד 2 K 21:8;— 1. cause to wander aimlessly, as fugitives, c. acc. pers. ψ 36:12; 59:12 (v. supr.), sq. רֶגֶל 2 K 21:8. 2. make a wagging, wag with the head, בְּרֹאשׁ Je 18:16.
Hoph. Pt. כְּקוֹץ מֻנָֿד 2 S 23:6 and the worthless, like briers made to flutter (tossed away) are they (text dub.; Klo Bu HPS read מדבר). Hithpoʿlel Pf. 3 fs. וְהִתְנוֹדֲדָה consec. Is 24:20; Impf. 2 ms. תִּתְנוֹדָ֑ד Je 48:27; Pt. מִתְנוֹדֵד Je 31:18;— 1. move oneself to and fro, sway, totter, Is 24:20 (of earth). 2. shake oneself, in excitement Je 48:27 (perhaps of scorn = wag the head, as Hiph. Je 18:16 cf. Gf RV). 3. bemoan oneself (cf. Qal 2), Je 31:18 (the lament follows in orat. recta).

נוֹד²

† II. נוֹד appar. n.pr.terr. ארץ־נ׳ Gn 4:16 of region into which Cain wandered (cf. v 12, 14); 𝔊 (strangely) Ναιδ; 𝔙 appellat., profugus in terra, cf. Symm Theod, v. Ne^{Margin 9}.

נוֹדָ֑ב

† נוֹדָ֑ב n.pr.gent. Arab tribe according to 1 Ch 5:19 (+ יְטוּר, נָפִישׁ q.v. Gn 25:15 1 Ch 1:31); 𝔊 Ναδαβαιων. (Connex. with above √ quite uncertain.)

נוה

II. נוה (√ of foll., meaning dub.; Arabic نَوَى is aim at, propose to oneself as aim (e.g. of journey), viii. betake oneself to a place of alighting, or abode; نَوًى, نِيَّةٌ place to which one purposes journeying Lane ³⁰⁴⁰; hence poss. i. נָוֶה as goal of shepherd; cf. Sab. נוי meadow, pasture, DHM^{Südar. Alt. 32}; see however Dr 1 S 19:18 HPS ^ib.; NH נָוָה dwelling, habitation).

נוהּ

נוהּ (prob. √ of foll., si vera l., cf. Arabic نَاهَ (نوه) be high, eminent).

נָוֶה

† I. נָוֶה n.m. ^{Is 27:10} abode of shepherd, or flocks, poet. habitation;—abs. Is 27:10 +; cstr. נְוֵה Ex 15:13 +; נְוַת Jb 8:6 (as if from נָוָה; or read נְוֵה?); sf. נָֽוְךָ Jb 5:24, נָוֵ֫הוּ 2 S 15:25 +, נְוֵהֶם Je 49:20 Ez 34:14 (cf. Sta^{§ 351 c.}), נְוֵהֶן Je 23:3 (so Baer Ginsb; נְוֵיהֶן van d. H., pl. according to Kö^{ii. 1, p. 77});—
1. a. abode, of sheep 2 S 7:8 (‖ מֵאַחַר הַצֹּאן) = 1 Ch 17:17; Is 65:10 (‖ רָבַץ); of people under fig. of sheep Je 23:3; 49:20 = 50:45, 50:19 Ez 34:14^(×2) (‖ רָבַץ, מִרְעֶה); of camels Ez 25:5 (‖ מִרְבַּץ צֹאן). b. abode of shepherds Je 33:12 (+ מַרְבִּיצִים צֹאן). c. = meadow, in fig. of Ephr. planted (שָׁתוּל) as tree Ho 9:13.
2. habitation, usually of country, or of domains in the country (chiefly poet.), Jb 5:3; 8:6 (נְוַת צִדְקֶ֑ךָ, v. supr.), Pr 21:20; ‖ אֹהֶל Jb 5:24; 18:15; ‖ בַּיִת Pr 3:33; ‖ רֵבֶץ 24:15; of י׳ in Canaan 2 S 15:25; of Can. as place of י׳’s sanctuary, נ׳ קָדְשֶׁ֑ךָ Ex 15:13; fig. of י׳ himself, נ׳ צֶדֶק Je 50:7; habit. of nation Je 10:25; 25:30 Is 32:18 (נ׳ שָׁלוֹם), ψ 79:7; = city Is 27:10, especially Jerus. Is 33:20 (נ׳ שַׁאֲנָן, ‖ אֹהֶל); נ׳ אֵיתָן Je 49:19 (fig. of Edom) = 50:44 (of Bab.); of land of Isr., נ׳ צֶדֶק Je 31:23 (‖ הַר הַקֹּדֶשׁ). Twice of habitation of jackals Is 34:13; 35:7 (both ‖ חָצִיר).

נָוָה

† I. [נָוָה] vb. only
Hiph. (si vera l.) lit. beautify (then connected with נאה be comely, so Buhl SS; cf. NH נוה Niph. shew oneself beautiful, Nithp. adorn oneself, נָוֶה adj. beautiful, Levy^NHWB);—Impf. 1 s. sf. אַנְוֵהוּ Ex 15:2 I will beautify, adorn him (with praises; obj. י׳; ‖ רומם; 𝔊 δοξάσω, 𝔙 glorificabo).—Adj. נָוָה Je 6:2, v. נָאוֶה sub [נָאָה].

נָוֶה²

† II. [נָוֶה] adj. dwelling, abiding;—only (si vera l.) נְוַת בַּיִת ψ 68:13 she that is abiding at home.—נָוָה Je 6:2 v. נָאוֶה sub [נָאָה].

נָוָה²

† I. [נָוָה] vb.denom. dwell, abide (si vera l.);—only
Qal Impf. 3 ms. לֹא יִנְוֶה Hb 2:5 he shall not abide, so Ke; Hi rest (cf. Da); We proposes יִרְוֶה be satiated, cf. 𝔖 Krochm יָנוּחַ.

נָוָה³

† II. [נָוָה] n.f. pasture, meadow;—pl. cstr. נְוֹת Zp 2:6, usually נְאוֹת ψ 23:2 + 11 times;—
1. pasture, meadow: נ׳ הָרֹעִים Am 1:2, cf. Zp 2:6 (‖ גִּדְרוֹת צֹאן; v. also [כָּרָה] p. 500 supr.); especially נְאוֹת (הַ)מִּדְבָּר Je 9:9; 23:10 ψ 65:13, Jo 1:19, 20; 2:22; נ׳ דֶּשֶׁא ψ 23:2 grassy pastures; נ׳ אֱלֹהִים ψ 83:13 pastures of God, i.e. the land of Canaan, נ׳ יַעֲקֹב La 2:2; נ׳ הַשָּׁלוֹם Je 25:37 meadows of peace;
2. נ׳ חָמָס ψ 74:20 appar. habitations (?) of violence, but read prob. גַּאֲוָה וְח׳, so Bi Che (v. 73:6).—Je 6:2 v. sub [נָאָה]; Jb 8:6 v. i. נָוֶה.

נוֹחַ

נוֹחַ v. נוח Inf. abs. נוּחַ 2 Ch 6:41 v. מְנוּחָה.

נוּחַ

† נוּחַ vb. rest (NH id.; Aramaic נוּחַ, ܢܳܚ; Ph. נחת n. rest; poss. also vb. ינח (Iph. Pf.), cf. Levy cited CIS ^{i. 118} Lzb ³²²; Assyrian nâḫu, rest, and deriv.; Ethiopic ኖኀ: be extended, long, rarely rest; Arabic ناخ iv. is make camel lie down on his breast; مُنَاخٌ resting-place of camel, cf. Doughty^{Arab. Des. i, 397, ii, 63, 486, 642});—
Qal Pf. 3 fs. נָ֫חָה Is 7:2 + 2 times, וְנָחָה Is 11:2; 1 s. נָ֑חְתִּי Jb 3:26; 1 pl. נַחְנוּ 2 S 17:12; 3 pl. נָ֫חוּ Est 9:22, וְנָחוּ Is 7:19; Impf. 3 ms. יָנוּחַ Ex 23:12 + 6 times, וַיָּ֫נַח Ex 10:14; 20:11; 3 fs. תָּנוּחַ Is 25:10 Pr 14:33, וַתָּ֫נַח Gn 8:4 Nu 11:26; 2 ms. תָּנוּחַ Dn 12:13 etc.; Inf. abs. נוֹחַ Est 9:16, 17, 18; cstr. לָנוּחַ 2 S 21:10; כְּנוֹחַ Nu 11:25 Jos 3:13 Ne 9:28; sf. 3 ms. בְּנֻחֹה Nu 10:36;—לְנוּחֶ֑ךָ 2 Ch 6:41 v. מְנוּחָה;— 1. rest, settle down and remain, sq. עַל; of birds 2 S 21:10; ark Gn 8:4 (P); נָ֫חָה אֲרָם עַל־אֶפְרַיִם Is 7:2 Aram hath settled down upon Ephraim; of spirit of י׳ Nu 11:25, 26 (E), Is 11:2; spirit of Elijah 2 K 2:15; sceptre of wicked ψ 125:3 (in fig.); sq. בְּ loc.: of insects Ex 10:14 (J), Is 7:19 (fig. of invaders); of soles of feet resting in water Jos 3:13 (JE); hand of י׳ Is 25:10; wisdom Pr 14:33; anger Ec 7:9; בִּקְהַל וְפָאִים יָנוּחַ Pr 21:16 in the assembly of Shades shall be settle down; abs., = stop, of ark at stages of journey Nu 10:36 (JE); cease speaking 1 S 25:9. 2. repose, be quiet, have rest: after labour Ex 20:11 (E; of God), 23:12 (E; of cattle), Dt 5:14 (of slave); have rest from (מִן) enemies Est 9:16 (inf. abs. נוֹחַ, + עָמוֹד, הָרוֹג), v 22, cf. (abs.) v 17, 18 (in both + עָשׂה), Ne 9:28; be at rest (from trouble), abs., Jb 3:26 (+ שָׁלַוְתִּי, שָׁקַטְתִּי); of the earth Is 14:7; in couch of the grave 57:2; in Sheʿôl Jb 3:17, so prob. Dn 12:13; also לֹא תָּנוּחַ לָךְ Is 23:12 = thou shall not be at rest, cf. impers. יָנוּחַ לִי Jb 3:13 = I should be at rest (in Sheʾôl).—אָנוּחַ לְיוֹם צָרָה Hb 3:16 is dub.: I wait quietly for the day of distress De Ke Hi-St SS, so Now, doubtfully; We conj. אֶנָּחֵם as Is 1:24 I will appease me GASm leaves untransl.
Hiph. A. Pf. 3 ms. הֵנִיחַ Jos 22:4 +; 1 s. וַהֲנִיחֹ֫תִי 2 S 7:11 +; הֵנִ֫יחוּ Zc 6:8; Impf. 3 ms. יָנִיחַ Ex 17:11 +; וַיָּ֫נַח Jos 21:42 +; sf. וַיְנִיחֵנִי Ez 37:1; 40:2; 3 fs. sf. תְּנִיחֶנּוּ Is 63:14 (but v. infr.), etc.; Imv. mpl. הָנִ֫יחוּ Is 28:12; Inf. cstr. הָנִיחַ Is 14:3 +, sf. הֲנִיחִי Ez 24:13; Pt. מֵנִיחַ Jos 1:13;— 1. cause to rest = give rest to: a. sq. acc. יָדוֹ Ex 17:11 (E), רוּחִי Zc 6:8; so appar. sq. חֲמָתִי + ב pers., quiet (i.e. sate) my fury by (weak it upon) Ez 5:13 (del. Co), 16:42, 24:13, also 21:22 (Co adds ב pers.). b. usually sq. ל pers.: (1) give rest to i.e. bring to resting-place Ex 33:14 (J), Dt 3:20 Jos 1:13, 15; 22:4 (all D), 1 Ch 23:25; so, c. sf., Is 63:14 (si vera l.; Vrss Lo Ew Brd Che^Hpt. read תַּנְחֶנּוּ, leadeth him, √ נחה); (2) of freedom from enemies, Is 28:12 2 Ch 14:5 + מִכָּל־איבים [מִסָּבִיב] Dt 12:10; 25:19 Jos 23:1 (D), 2 S 7:1, 11 1 Ch 22:9; so + מִסָּבִיב alone 1 K 5:18 Jos 21:42 (P), 1 Ch 22:18 2 Ch 14:6; 15:15; 20:30, so also prob. 32:22 (for MT וַיְנַהֲלֵם מִסָּבִיב); (3) of freedom from suffering, + מֵעָצְבְּךָ וגו׳ Is 14:3. c. make quiet in mind, set at rest וִינִיהֶ֑ךָ Pr 29:17 discipline thy son, that he may give thee quiet (of mind; ‖ יִתֵּן מַעֲדַנִּים לְנַפְשֶׁ֑ךָ). 2. cause to rest (i.e. light) upon, c. acc. staff + עַל pers. Is 30:32; c. acc. blessing + אֶל־ Ez 44:30; cause to alight, set down, c. sf. pers. + בְּתוֹךְ loc. Ez 37:1; + אֶל־ loc. 40:2.— For this meaning v. especially B. infr. B. Pf. 3 ms. הִנִּיחַ Ju 3:1 +, הִנִּחַ 1 K 8:9, sf. וְהִנִּיחוֹ Dt 26:4, וְהִנִּיחָם Lv 16:23 both consec.; 2 ms. וְהִנַּחְתָּ֫ Dt 14:28, sf. וְהִנַּחְתּוֹ 26:10 consec., etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יַנִּיחַ Lv 7:15, וַיַּנַּה Ju 2:23 +, sf. וַיַּנִּיחֵהוּ Ex 16:34; 3 fs. וַתַּנַּח Gn 39:16, 2 ms. juss. אַל־תַּנַּח Ec 7:18 + 2 times, etc.; Imv. ms. הַנַּח Ho 4:7 + 2 times, הַנִּ֫יחָה Ex 32:10 Ju 16:26, etc.; Inf. cstr. sf. לְהַנִּיחוֹ Nu 32:15, לְהַנִּיחָם Est 3:8; Pt. מַנִּיחַ Ec 5:11;— 1. lay or set down, deposit, let lie, c. acc. rei, usually + word of place: stones at ford of Jordan Jos 4:3, 8 (JE), ark 1 S 6:18, garments Gn 39:16 (J), Lv 16:23 (P), Ez 42:14; 44:19; cf. Ex 16:23, 24, 33, 34 Nu 17:19, 22 (all P), Dt 26:4, 10 1 K 8:9; 13:31 Ez 40:42; 42:13; so, acc. om., Ju 6:18, 20 Dt 14:28 Nu 19:9 (P), 1 S 10:25; place, put, sq. acc. pers. + local modif., Gn 2:15 (J), 19:16 (J), Jos 6:23 (JE), Lv 24:12 Nu 15:34 (both P), Is 14:1; 46:7 Ez 37:14; prob. also Zc 5:11 (read וְהִנִּיחֻהָ, v. Ges^{§ 72 ee}); read וַיַּנִּיחֵם also 2 K 18:11 (𝔊 ἔθετο; for MT וַיַּנְחֵם; cf. וַיּשֶׁב אוֹתָם ‖ 2 K 17:6); place corpse on (אֶל־) ass 1 K 13:29, in grave v 30; horsemen and chariots in cities 2 Ch 1:14; 9:25, so read also ‖ 1 K 10:26 (𝔊 ἔθετο; for MT וַיַּנְחֵם); tables in temple 2 Ch 4:8; idols in shrines 2 K 17:29 (acc. om.). Here belongs perhaps also וְגַם מִזֶּה אַל־תַּנַּח אֶת־יָדֶ֑ךָ Ec 7:18 and also from this do not let thy hand lie (idle), i.e. engage in it, cf. 11:6; lay down forcibly, thrust down הִנִּיחַ לָאָרֶץ בְּיָ֑ד Is 28:2, cf. Am 5:7; perhaps also Ez 22:20 (abs.; but del. Co Berthol, after 𝔊). 2. let remain, leave (in present condition), obj. nations Ju 2:23; 3:1 Je 27:11, people in wilderness Nu 32:15 (JE); וְהִנִּיחוּךְ עֵירֹם וְעֶרְיָה Ez 16:39; sq. acc. rei Lv 7:15 1 K 7:47 (leave unweighed); leave behind sq. acc. pers. Gn 42:33 (E), 2 S 16:21; 20:3 1 K 19:3 Je 43:6; + אֶת־פְּנֵי 1 S 22:4 (read וַיַּנִּחֵם, for MT וַיַּנְחֵם, and he left them with 𝔖 𝔗 𝔙 We Dr Klo Bu Löhr HPS; leave name, for a curse Is 65:15; leave or bequeath to (ל), c. acc. rei, ψ 17:14 Ec 2:18. 3. leave = depart from, מְקוֹמְךָ אַל־תַּנַּח Ec 10:4 do not leave thy place. 4. abandon, sq. acc. pers. Je 14:9; בַּל־תַּנִּיחֵנִי לְעשְׁקָ֑י ψ 119:121 abandon me not to my oppressors. 5. let alone (refrain from interfering with), sq. ל pers. Ex 32:10 (JE; obj. י׳), Ho 4:17 2 S 16:11 2 K 23:18; sq. acc. pers. Est 3:8; = avoid יַנִּיחַ חֲטָאִים גְּדוֹלִים Ec 10:4 (but read perhaps יָנִיחַ, causeth to rest = allayeth cf. Wild) 6. permit, c. acc. pers. Ju 16:26 (v GFM); + inf. לֹא הִנִּיחַ אָדָם לְעָשְׁקָם ψ 105:14 = 1 Ch 16:21, where הִנִּיחַ לְאִישׁ, cf. מַנִּיחַ לוֹ לִישׁוֹן Ec 5:11.
Hoph. A. Pf. 3 ms. הוּנַח־לָ֑נוּ La 5:5 i.e. no rest is granted to us; for 3 fs. וְהֻנִ֫יחָה Zc 5:11 [so Baer Ginsb; Van d. H. והֻנּ׳] read prob. וְהִנִּיחֻהָ v. supr. Hiph. B 1. B. Pt. מֻנָּ֔ח as subst. = space left, open space Ez 41:9, 11^(×2).

נוֹחָה

† נוֹחָה n.pr.m. 4th son of Benjamin according to 1 Ch 8:2. 𝔊 Ιωα, A Νωα, 𝔊L Νουαα.

נוּט

† [נוּט] vb. dangle, shake (𝔗 [נוט] Aph. scare, sld., Levy^{ChWB ii. 97} Jastr ^{Dict. 896}; Arabic نَوْطٌ a bag hanging down, نَاطَ suspend, hang);—
Qal Impf. 3 fs. תָּנוּט ψ 99:1 let (the earth) shake (‖ רָגַז).—Ol We proposes תָּמוּג.

נוית

† נוית Kt (i.e. נָוִית, or נָֽוְיַת, Ginsb), נָיוֹת Qr; prob. n.pr.loc. in Ramah (poss. = habitations, but dub., v. Dr 1 S 19:18 HPS);—abode of prophets 1 S 19:18, 19, 22, 23^(×2) and 20:1 (where Baer נוות Kt); sq. בָּרָמָה (except 19:18); 𝔊 Ἀυαθ (ν dropped out after ἐν), so 𝔊L; A Ναυιωθ.

נוית²

נוית v. sub i. נוה.

נוּם

† נוּם vb. be drowsy, slumber (NH נוּם, נִמְנֵם id.; Aramaic נוּם, ܢܳܡ; Arabic ((نوم) نَامَ) id.; Ethiopic ኖመ );—
Qal Pf. 3 pl. נָמ֫וּ Na 3:18 ψ 76:6 (Ges^{§ 72 l}); Impf. יָנוּם ψ 121:3 + 2 times; 3 fs. וַתָּ֫נָם 2 S 4:6 (so read for ℌ וַיַּכֻּהו, with other radical changes, 𝔊 Th We Dr Kit Bu HPS); Inf. cstr. לָנוּם Is 56:10.—be drowsy, slumber, lit. וַתָּנָם וַתִּישָׁ֑ן 2 S 4:6 (emend., v. supr.) and she grew drowsy and slept; fig. of inactivity, indolence, Is 5:27 (‖ ישׁן), ψ 121:3, 4 (of י׳; ‖ id.); Na 3:18 (‖ שָׁכֵן); אֹהֲבֵי לָנ׳ Is 56:10 (‖ שָׁכַב); sq. acc. cogn. שֵׁנָה ψ 76:6 (of death, ‖ נִרְדַּם).

נוּמָה

† נוּמָה n.f. somnolence, fig. for indolence, Pr 23:21.

נוּן

† [נוּן, נִין] vb. propagate, increase (si vera l.) (> denom. from נין Hup-Now SS;—NH נוּן = fish, so Aramaic נוּנָא, ܢܽܘܢܳܐ, Assyrian nûnu);—
Qal (or Hiph.?) Impf. ינין Kt; >
Niph. ינּוֹן Qr ψ 72:17 let his name have increase (or, if Niph., be propagated, spread); but dub., Vrss perhaps יִכּוֹן be established, endure.

נוּן²

† נוּן and (1 Ch 7:27) נוֹן n.pr.m. father of Joshua 1 Ch 7:27; elsewhere always בִּן־נוּן(יְהוֹשֻׁעַ) Ex 33:11 Nu 11:28; 13:8, 16 + 22 times Nu Dt Jos (JEDP); also Ju 2:8 1 K 16:34 Ne 8:17; 𝔊 Ναυη (for Ναυν by error, cf. Thes).

נוּס

נוּס₁₆₀ vb. flee, escape (Syriac ܢܳܣ tremble (rare), cf. Brock; Arabic نوس, نَاسَ move to and fro, be in commotion, dangle, Lane ²⁸⁶⁶);—
Qal Pf. נָס Nu 35:25 +; נַ֫סְתָּה 2 K 9:3; נַ֫סְתִּי 1 S 4:16, etc.; Impf. יָנוּס Ex 21:13 +; וַיָּנָ֫ס Gn 39:12 +; יְנוּס֑וּן ψ 104:7, etc.; Imv. mpl. נֻ֫סוּ Je 48:6 + 4 times Je Zc; Inf. abs. נוֹס 2 S 18:3; cstr. לָנוּס (לָנֻס) Gn 19:20 +; Pt. נָס Am 9:1 +; נָסִים Ex 14:27 +; — 1. flee, abs. Gn 39:12, 15 Nu 16:34 (all J); Jos 10:16 (JE); Lv 26:17, 36 (H); fig. of sea ψ 114:3, 5 cf. 104:7; sq. acc. cogn. מָנוֹס Je 46:5, sq. דֶּרֶךְ Jos 8:15 (J), 2 K 9:27; sq. בְּדֶרֶךְ Dt 28:7, 25; נ׳ אֶל־נַפְשָׁם 2 K 7:7 flee for their life, נ׳ בְּרַגְלָיו Ju 4:15 flee on foot; + 44 times abs. (not elsewhere Hex); sq. אֶל־ loc. Dt 4:42; 19:5, 11 (D), Nu 35:32 Jos 20:4 (both P), Ju 4:17 1 K 2:28, 29 Is 13:14; sq. לְ 1 S 4:10 + 6 times + לִקְרָאתוֹ Ex 14:27 (E; not elsewhere Hex); sq. עַד Ju 7:22 + Pr 28:17 (עַד־בּוֹר, v. בּוֹר); sq. עַל־ Is 10:3; sq. ָה loc. Gn 14:10 + 4 times JE, Nu 35:6 + 6 times P, Dt 4:42; 19:3, 4 (D), + 6 times; sq. שָׁם Is 20:6; sq. acc. loc. Jos 8:20 (J), + 4 times; sq. מִמֶּרְחָק Is 17:13 = far away; sq. מִן from, Jos 20:6 (P), 1 S 4:16 + 3 times; מִתּוֹךְ Je 51:6; especially מִפְּנֵי from before Ex 4:3; 14:25 Nu 10:35 Jos 10:11 (all JE), 1 S 17:24 Je 48:44 (Qr הַנָּס, > Kt הניס), + 19 times; sq. לִפְנֵי Jos 7:4; 8:5, 6^(×2) (all J), 1 S 4:17 2 S 24:13, מִלִּפְנֵי 1 Ch 19:18. 2. escape Am 9:1 (‖ נמלט) so Je 46:6; hence 3. take flight, depart, disappear, only fig.; Dt 34:7 (JE) his freshness (לֵחֹה vigour) was not gone (‖ לֹא כָֽהֲתָה עינו); of shadows (at evening), Ct 2:17; 4:6; of sorrow etc. Is 35:10; 51:11. 4. נ׳ עַל־סוּס Is 30:16 fly (to the attack) on horseback.
†Poʿlel Pf. Is 59:19 רוּחַ י׳ נֹסֲסָה בּוֹ the breath of י׳ driveth at it, driveth it on (cf. Hiph. 2). †Hithpoʿl. Inf. cstr. לְהִתְנוֹסֵס מִפְּנֵי ψ 60:6 in order to take flight before the bow (so Vrss Hup-Now but v. ii. [נסס]).
†Hiph. Pf. הֵנִיס Ex 9:20; Impf. יָנִיסוּ Dt 32:30 + Ju 7:21 Kt (Qr וַיָּנוּסוּ Qal); Inf. cstr. לְהָנִיס Ju 6:11;— 1. put to flight, sq. acc. Dt 32:30 (‖ רדף). 2. drive hastily to a safe place Ex 9:20, sq. acc. + אֶל־. 3. cause to disappear, hide Ju 6:11 (no obj. expr.) sq. מִפְּנֵי.

נוּעַ

† נוּעַ vb. quiver, wave, waver, tremble, totter (NH Pilp. נִעְנַע shake, Aramaic נוּעַ waver, stagger (rare); Arabic نوع, نَاعَ bend (of boughs), v. commotus fuit (of id.), so Kam. Frey also change, نَوْعٌ kind, species, variety; Di cp. Ethiopic ነዐወ hunt);—
Qal Pf. נָ֫עוּ Jb 28:4 +; וְנָע֫וּ Am 4:8 + 2 times; Impf. וַיָּ֫נַע Is 7:2; 3 fs. תָּנוּעַ Is 24:20; אֲנוּעֲךָ 2 S 15:20 Kt (but read Qr Hiph. q.v.); יָנ֫וּעוּ ψ 109:10; יְנוּע֑וּן ψ 59:16 Kt (so read; not Qr Hiph.), etc.; Inf. abs. נוֹעַ Is 24:20 ψ 109:10; cstr. נוּעַ Ju 9:9 + 3 times; נוֹעַ Is 7:2; Pt. נָע Gn 4:12, 14; נָעִים Pr 22:19; נָעוֹת 1 S 1:13:— 1. wave, of trees, sq. עַל Ju 9:9, 11, 13; sq. מִפְּנֵי of cause Is 7:2; quiver, vibrate, of lips 1 S 1:13; swing (to and fro) of miners Jb 28:4 (‖ דלל); stagger like drunkard, of mariners in storm ψ 107:27 (‖ חגג), cf. Is 29:9 (‖ שׁכר); hence be unstable, fig. of ways of harlot Pr 5:6; tremble, of doorposts, Is 6:4 (sq. מִן caus.), idols 19:1 (sq. מִפְּנֵי), earth Is 24:20 (‖ התנודד), people Ex 20:18 (E); fig. of heart Is 7:2. 2. totter, go tottering (faint and uncertain) La 4:14 v 15 (‖ נוּץ), Am 8:12 (‖ שׁוטט); as beggars ψ 109:10 (‖ שִׁאֵל), cf. 59:16; Am 4:8 sq. אֶל־; pt. vagabond Gn 4:12, 14 (both ‖ נָד); fig. = err, sin, Je 14:10.
Niph. Impf. יִנּוֹעַ Am 9:9 be tossed about (of corn) in a sieve; יִנּוֹעוּ id., of bulwarks as fig-trees Na 3:12 (‖ נפל).
Hiph. Pf. 3 fs. הֵנִ֫יעָה 2 K 19:21 = Is 37:22; וַהֲנִֽעוֹתִ֫י Am 9:9; Impf. יָנִיעַ Zp 2:15; juss. יָ֫נַע 2 K 23:18; אֲנִיעֲךָ 2 S 15:20 Qr (cf. Qal); יְנִיעוּן ψ 109:25 + 59:16 Qr (read Kt Qal q.v.), etc.; Imv. sf. הֲנִיעֵ֫מוֹ ψ 59:12;— 1. toss about Am 9:9 subj. י׳, obj. Isr. sq. בַּגּוֹיִם (cf. Niph.). 2. shake, cause to totter: = set me tottering Dn 10:10 on my knees and hands; especially shake or wag the head, in mockery 2 K 19:21 = Is 37:22 (‖ בוז, לעג) cf. ψ 22:8; 109:25; sq. עַל־ Jb 16:4 (בְּמוֹ ר׳ [Ges^{§ 119 q}]), also La 2:15 (‖ שׁרק), Zp 2:15 יָדוֹ (‖ id., [v. also Ecclus 12:18; 13:7 (בְּר׳)]. 3. (shake), disturb, bones of dead 2 K 23:18. 4. cause to wander Nu 32:13 (J); 2 S 15:20 (sq. ללכת); ψ 59:12 (‖ הוריד, for which Lag ^{Proph. Chald. xlviii.} proposes הניד).

נוֹעַדְיָה

† נוֹעַדְיָה n.pr. (meeting with Yah)—
1. m. Levite, cotemp. Ezra Ezr 8:33.
2. f. a prophetess hostile to Nehemiah Ne 6:14.

נוֹעַדְיָה²

נוֹעַדְיָה v. יעד.

נוף

II. נוף (√ of foll.; cf. Arabic نوف, نَافَ i, iv. overtop (Frey), نُوفٌ camel-hump (ib.); مُنِيفٌ high, lofty (of mt. and building, Lane ³⁰³⁹).

נוֹף

† נוֹף n.[m.] elevation, height (NH נוֹף is tree-top, bough, so 𝔗 נוֹפָא);—יְפֵה נ׳ ψ 48:3 beautiful in elevation (of Mount Zion).

נוּף

I. [נוּף] vb. move to and fro, wave, besprinkle (NH Hiph., Pilp. wave, blow, fan, cf. נָפָה sift, נָפָה n. sieve (as BH); 𝔗 Aph. as BH; Syriac ܢܳܦ bend, wave, shake; Di cp. Ethiopic quadril. ነፍነፈ distil, drop like dew; ነፈየ sift);—
Qal Pf. 1 s. נַ֫פְתִּי מִשְׁכָּבִי מֹר וגו׳ Pr 7:17 I have be-sprinkled my couch with myrrh, etc. Poʿlel Impf. 3 ms. יְנֹפֵף יָדוֹ הַר וגו׳ Is 10:32 he brandisheth his hand toward the mt. (on acc. הַר cf. Ges^{§ 118 f.} Da^{Synt. § 69, R 2}).
Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. הֵנִיף Jos 8:31 +, 2 ms. הֵנַ֫פְתָּ Ex 20:25 (Ges^{§ 72 k}), וְהֵנַפְתָּ֫ Ex 29:24 + 3 times; 1 s. הֲנִיפֹ֫תִי Jb 31:21; Impf. וַיָּ֫נֶף Lv 8:27 Nu 8:21, sf. וַיְנִיפֵ֫הוּ Lv 8:29; 2 ms. תָּנִיף Dt 23:26 + 2 times, etc.; Imv. mpl. הָנִ֫יפוּ Is 13:2; Inf. cstr. הָנִיף Is 10:15 + 2 times; לַהֲנָפָה Is 30:28 (Ges^{§ 72 z} Biblical Aramaic^{NB 90}, v. also הֲנָחָה), etc.; Pt. מֵנִיף Is 19:16 Zc 2:13, etc.;—swing, wield, wave:— 1. wield, move tool to and fro in using it, c. עַל־ of material: כִּי חַרְבְּךָ הֵנַפְתָּ עָלֶיהָ Ex 20:25 (E), i.e. over stone, so Dt 27:5 Jos 8:31 (D), and Dt 23:26 a sickle thou shalt not wield over the standing grain of thy neighbour; abs. מְנִיפוֹ Is 10:15 against him that wieldeth it (i.e. a saw), and כְּהָנִיף שֵׁבֶט וְאֶת־מְרִימוֹ v 15 (read אֶת־ like a rod’s wielding him that lifteth it. 2. Shake or wave the hand; a. wave hand אֶל־הַמָּקוֹם 2 K 5:11, in healing ceremony (i.e. prob. toward sanctuary Kmp Kau; > toward the spot [where leprosy appears], so most). b. c. עַל־, shake or brandish against, Is 11:15; 19:16 Zc 2:13 (all of י׳), Jb 31:21 [cf. Ecclus 12:18 (without עַל) in mockery]. c. wave hand, as a signal, Is 13:2. 3. swing to and fro בְּנָפַת, in a sieve, Is 30:28 (fig., of nations). 4. Often term. techn. in P (H), of rite in which originally the priest lifted his share of offering and waved it, i.e. moved it toward altar and back, in token of its presentation to God and its return by him to priest: in H, וְהֵנִיף אֶת־הָעֹמֶר לִפְנֵי י׳ Lv 23:11 a cf. v 11 b. 12, also v 20 (on text v. Di Dr-Wh^Hpt); in P, וְהֵנַפְתָּ֫ אֹתוֹ תְּנוּפָה לִפְנֵי י׳ Ex 29:26, so Lv 7:30; 8:29; 9:21; 10:15 (obj. om.), Nu 6:20; thus also Levites are set apart for service of the priests Nu 8:11 (Di del. v.), v 13, 21, cf. v 15 (לִפְנֵי י׳ om.); but same phr. of entire lamb, with oil, Lv 14:12, 24, and of offerings wh. were burnt, entirely Ex 29:24 (cf. v 25), Lv 8:27 (cf. v 28), or in part Nu 5:25 (הֵנִיף הַמִּנְחָה לִפְנֵי י׳),—in these the orig. signif. seems lost; so, clearly, of contributions for tabernacle, = offer, הֵנִיף תְּנוּפַת זָהָב לְי׳ Ex 35:22.—Cf. תְּנוּפָה infr. 5. Shed abroad (si vera l.) גֶּשֶׁם נְדָבוֹת תָּנִיף ψ 68:10 bounteous rain thou didst shed abroad [cf. Ecclus 43:17 c], but vb. not wholly suitable; Lag Gr proposes תַּטִּיף, yet this also questionable.
Hoph. Pf. 3 ms. הוּנַף, be waved, Ex 29:27 (P), pass. of Hiph. 4.

נוֹצָה

נוֹצָה v. I. נצה.

נוּק

[נוּק] vb. whence (si vera l.) might come,
Hiph. suckle, nurse;—Impf. 3 fs. sf. וַתְּנִיקֵ֫הוּ Ex 2:9, but v. ינק and Ges^{§ 70 e}; read prob. וַתֵּינ׳ (Sam. ותיניקהו).

נור

נור (√ of foll., cf. NH נוּר, flame, fire, 𝔗 id.; Arabic نور, نَار give light, shine, i. (Kam. Frey), iv. Lane ²⁸⁶⁴, نَارٌ fire, نُورٌ light; Syriac ܢܽܘܪ fire; also in n.pr. Palm. Pun. v. Lzb ³²² Cook ⁸¹; Min. מנורת torches(?) Hom^{Südar. Chrest. 128}; Assyrian tinûru, furnace, oven (Dl^{HWB 711}) belongs here according to Jäger^{BAS ii. 294}).

נוּשׁ

† [נוּשׁ] vb. be sick, si vera l. ( = I. אנשׁ according to Thes who comp. Syriac ܢܰܫ );—
Qal Impf. 1 s. וָֽאָנוּשָׁה ψ 69:21, but read perhaps [מַכַּת נַפְשִׁי] וַאֲנוּשָׁה (‖ חֶרְפָּה שָֽׁבְרָה לִבִּי), Bi Che ^{crit. n.}, cf. 𝔊, v. I. אנשׁ; or (< קַוֹּן) וְאָנוּשׁ הוּא קַוֵּה (with different word-division), Weir ^{Acad. 1870, 257} (who cp. Je 17:9; 8:15).

נָזָה

† I. [נָזָה] vb. spurt, spatter, Hiph. sprinkle (NH Hiph. sprinkle; Aramaic נְדָא, אַדֵּי Lv 4:6 and often, for הִזָּה; Syriac ܢܕܳܐ is erupit, stillavit Is 63:3, also prominuit, etc. PS²²⁹¹);—
Qal Impf. 3 ms. יִזֶּה Lv 6:20^(×2), וְיֵז Is 63:3 (but read; וַיֵּז Che Di Du Ges^{§ 53, p. N., 107 b N.} al.), וַיִּז 2 K 9:33;—spurt, spatter, always of blood:—וַיִּן מִדָּמָהּ אֶל־ 2 K 9:33 and some of her blood spurted against the wall; so ויז נִצְחָם Is 63:3 (c. עַל־ rei, in metaph.); יִזֶּה מִדָּמָה Lv 6:20, cf. v 20 (both c. עַל־ rei).
Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. וְהִזָּה consec. Lv 4:6 + 12 times; 2 ms. וְהִזֵּיתָ֫ Ex 29:21; Impf. יַזֶּה Lv 16:14 (Is 52:15, v. infr.); וַיַּז Lv 8:11, 30; Imv. הַזֵּה Nu 8:7; Pt. cstr. מַזֵּה Nu 19:21;—cause to spurt, sprinkle upon in ceremonials of P: c. acc. + עַל־ pers. Nu 8:7 (water), + עַל־ rei, לִפְנֵי rei Lv 16:15; obj. often מִן partit., or implied in context; sq. עַל־ Lv 5:9; 14:7; 16:14, 19 (all of blood); 8:11 (oil); Nu 19:18, 19 (water), Ex 29:21; Lv 8:30 (both blood and oil); sq. אֶל־ Lv 14:51 (blood and water), אֶל־נֹכַח פְּנֵי Nu 19:4 (blood); sq. לִפְנֵי Lv 4:6, 17; 16:14 (blood), 14:16, 27 (oil); once without prep. מַזֵּה Nu 19:21 the sprinkler of the water.—Is 52:15 v. II. נזה.

נָזָה²

II. [נָזָה] vb. (dub.) spring, leap (cf. Arabic نَزَا leap, leap up, upon, Thes Frey ^{Prov. Ar. 1, 171. 297; 22, 138; 25, 11});—hence, according to many,
Hiph. Impf. 3 ms. כֵּן יַזֶּה גּוֹיִם רַבִּים Is 52:15 so shall he cause to leap (i.e. in joyful surprise, or = startle) many nations; but perhaps crpt.; Che ^Comm. יַתֵּר in like sense; < יִרְגְּזוּ (for יזהגוים) many shall tremble (v. רגז), GFM ^{JBL 1890, 216 ff.} cf. Che ^Hpt..

נָזִיד

† נָזִיד n.[m.] thing sodden or boiled, pottage; abs. נ׳ Gn 25:29 + 4 times; cstr. נְזִיד Gn 25:34;—a kind of boiled leguminous food, obj. of וַיָּ֫זֶד Gn 25:29 (v. זוּד Hiph.); defined v 34 as נְזִיד עֲדָשִׁים (v. עדשׁ); obj. of בַּשֵּׁל 2 K 4:38; boiled in a סִיר v 39 cf. v 40; mentioned, appar. as a common food, Hg 2:12.

נָזִיד²

נָזִיד v. זיד.

נָזִיר

† נָזִיר n.m. ^{Gn 49:26} one consecrated, devoted (נזיר י׳ Ecclus 46:13 c (of Samuel); cf. Syriac ܢܙܝܺܪ RS^{Sem i. 463, 2d ed. 483});—נ׳ abs. Nu 6:2 + 5 times; cstr. נְזִיר Gn 49:26 + 4 times; sf. נְזִירֶ֑ךְ Lv 25:5; pl. נְזִרִים Am 2:11, 12; sf. נְזִרֶיהָ Lv 25:11, נְזִירֶיהָ La 4:7;—
1. of prince, ruler, as consecrated: נְזִיר אֶחָיו Gn 49:26 (poem in J), one consecrated among his brethren, = Dt 33:16; cf. נְזִירֶיהָ La 4:7 her princes.
2. specif. of one dedicated to י׳ by vow involving abstinence from intoxicants, from touching corpse, and from cutting hair (cf. נֵזֶר 2), devotee (GFM), Nazirite: נ׳ אֱלֹהִים God’s devotee, of Samson Ju 13:5, 7; 16:17 (exceptionally, from birth); usually voluntary Am 2:11, 12, and for limited time, cf. נֶדֶר נ׳ Nu 6:2 (of man or woman; cf. Peritz^{JBL xvii (1898), 128}), תּוֹרַת נ׳ v 13, 21, also v 18, 19, 20 (all P; cf. also נֵזֶר).—On Naz. v. GFM Ju 13:5 Dr ^{Am 2, 11}, especially Grill^{JPTh 1880, 645—680} Now^{Arch. ii, § 97} Benz^{Arch. 429 f.} Gray^{JThS Jan. 1900, 201 ff.}
3. = untrimmed vine (like Nazirite with unshorn hair) Lv 25:5, 11 (HP).

נָזַל

† [נָזַל] vb. flow, trickle, drop, distil (poet.) (𝔗 נְזַל of flowing water; Syriac ܢܙܠ descendit, defluet PS²³³¹; Arabic نَزَلَ descend (milk into udder, but also in gen.));—
Qal Pf. נָֽזְלוּ Ju 5:5; Impf. יִזַּל Nu 24:7, etc.; Pt. נֹזְלִים Ex 15:8 +, etc.;— 1. flow, subj. water, Nu 24:7 (JE); ψ 147:18; cf. Je 18:14; subj. clouds, Jb 36:28 sq. rain as acc. mat. Ges^{§ 117 z} (‖ רעף and, v 27, זקק), cf. Je 9:17 (of eyelids); so fig. Is 45:8 sq. צֶדֶק (‖ רעף); of mts. (i.e. their torrents) Ju 5:5 according to 𝔙 Ew GFM al., but v. I. זלל; especially pt. as subst., = streams, floods, Ex 15:8 (‖ מים, תהום of Red Sea); ψ 78:44 (‖ יְאֹר); for drinking ψ 78:16 (‖ מים כַנהרות, תהום v 15), Pr 5:15 out of well (‖ מים); for irrigation Is 44:3 (‖ מים); fig. of Shulammite נ׳ מִן־לְבָנוֹן Ct 4:15 (‖ מעין גנים, באר מים). 2. distil, of spices בְּשָׂמִים Ct 4:16; fig. of words, like dew Dt 32:2 (‖ ערף).
Hiph. Pf. הִזִּיל Is 48:21 cause to flow, water from rock (‖ זוב).—Vid. also I. זלל.

נזם

נזם (√ of foll.; meaning unknown).

נֶ֫זֶם

† נֶ֫זֶם n.m. ^{Jb 42:11} ring, always of gold when material mentioned;—נ׳ abs. Gn 24:30 +; cstr. v 22 +; sf. נִזְמָהּ Ho 2:15; pl. נְזָמִים Gn 35:4; cstr. נִזְמֵי Ex 32:2 +;—
1. nose-ring (Syriac ܙܡܳܡܳܐ) woman’s ornament, נ׳ עַל־אַפָּהּ Gn 24:47 cf. v 22, 30 (J); נִזְמֵי הָאָף Is 3:21 (‖ טַבַּ֫עַת seal-ring); perhaps also Ho 2:15; Ez 16:12 fig. of י׳’s adoring Jerus. (‖ עֲגִילִים עַל־אָזְנַיִךְ); cf. נ׳ בְּאַף חֲזִיר Pr 11:22.
2. earring, ornament of men and women, Gn 35:4, נ׳ אֲשֶׁר בְּאָזְנֵיהֶם so Ex 32:2, 3 (all E); cf. Pr 25:12 (in sim. of wise reprover), and perhaps Ex 35:22 (P; ‖ טַבַּ֫עַת); prob. also Ju 8:24^(×2), 25, 26 (of men, cf. GFM), Jb 42:11.—Cf. further Gei^{Jüd. Zeitschr. x (1872), 45 ff.} RS^{Sem i. 434, 2d ed. 453}; also ref. sub נזר.

נֶ֫זֶק

† [נֶ֫זֶק] n.[m.] injury, damage (Aramaic loan-word v. Biblical Aramaic);—only cstr. בְּנֶזֶק הַמֶּלֶךְ Est 7:4 at the price of injury to the king.

נֵ֫זֶר

† נֵ֫זֶר n.m. ^{ψ 132:18} consecration, crown, Naziriteship;—נ׳ abs. 2 S 1:10 +; cstr. Ex 29:6 +; sf. נִזְרוֹ ψ 89:40 +, נִזְרֵךְ Je 7:29;—
1. crown (sign of consecration; We^{Skizzen iii. 118} cp. Syriac קדשא [ܩܕܳܫܳܐ], earring; v. also Gei^{Jüd. Zeitschr. x. 45. ff.} on נֶוֶם): a. of kg. 2 S 1:10 2 K 11:12 = 2 Ch 23:11; symbol of royal power ψ 89:40; 132:18; cf. Pr 27:24; אַבְנֵי נ׳ Zc 9:16 stones of a crown, diadem (prob.; > We Now—who del., cf. GASm—stones of charming, from use of precious stones as charms. b. of high priest, נ׳ הַקֹּדֶשׁ Ex 29:6, made of gold 39:30 Lv 8:9 (all P).
2. woman’s hair (orig. prob. of long hair as sign of consecration, as in Nazirite vow, cf. Nu 6:19 infr., and נָזִיר, also We^{Skizzen iii. 117, 167; Arab. Heidenthum 2, p. 143} RSSem ^{i. 464, 2d ed. 483}), Je 7:29 (of personif. Jerus.).
3. consecration a. of h. p. נ׳ שֶׁמֶן מִשְׁחַת א׳ עליו Lv 21:12 (P) the consecration of the oil of anointing of his God is upon him. b. in Nu 6 (P), specif. of Nazirite consecration (cf. נָזִיר): נ׳ אֱלֹהָיו עָלָיו Nu 6:7, נֶדֶר נִזְרוֹ v 5, טָמֵא נ׳ v 12, רֹאֹשׁ נ׳ (because of unshorn hair) v 9, 18^(×2), יְמֵי נ׳ (כָּל־) v 4, 8, 12, 13, תּוֹרַת נ׳ v 21 b cf. עַל־נ׳ v 21 a; in v 19 נ׳ = the hair of his consecration (cf. Je 7:29 supr.).

נָזַר

I. [נָזַר] vb. dedicate, consecrate, (cf. We^{Skizzen iii. 118}), separate, in relig. and ceremonial sense (NH only as denom., cf. ii. נזר; Arabic نَذَرَ make a vow, cf. We^{Skizzen iii. 117 f.}, RS ^{i. 463 f., 2d ed. 482 f.}; Sab. נדֿר vow Levy^{ZMG xxii (1868), 196} Min. id., Hom^{Südar. Chrest. 128}; Aramaic ܢܕܰܪ, נְדַר, vow; Assyrian nazâru, curse Dl^{HWB 457});—
Niph. Impf. יִנָּזֵר Ez 14:7, וַיִּנָּזֵר Lv 22:2; וַיִּנָּֽזְרוּ Ho 9:10; Inf. abs. הִנָּזֵר Zc 7:3;—devote, dedicate oneself unto (ל), הַבּשֶׁת, i.e. Baʿal Ho 9:10; from (מִן) י׳ Ez 14:7 (of apostasy); hold sacredly aloof from, (מִן) Lv 22:2 (H); abs. Zc 7:3 consecrating my(self), i.e. by fasting.
Hiph. Pf. וְהִזַּרְתֶּם אֶת־בְּנֵי־יִשׂ׳ מִטֻּמְאָתָם Lv 15:31 (P) and ye shall keep the sons of Isr. sacredly separate from their uncleanness (but read; perhaps וְהִזְהַרְתֶּם warn away from—as Ez 3:18; 33:8, 9,—so Sam. 𝔊—as to sense—Di Kau).—Vid. also ii. [נָזַר].

נָזַר²

† II. [נָזַר] vb. denom.
Hiph. be a Nazirite, live as Nazirite, sq. מִן (abstaining) from (so NH);—only Nu 6 in law of Naz.: Pf. וְהִזִּיר לי׳ consec. v 12; Impf. יַזִּיר לי׳ v 5; also מִיַּיִן … יַזִּיר v 3 from wine … he shall abstain as a Nazirite; Inf. לְהַזִּיר לְי׳ v 2, כָּל־יְמֵי הַזִּירוֹ לי׳ v 6.

נֹחַ

נֹחַ₄₆ n.pr.m. Noah (Nab. n.pr. נוח Lzb ³²², Syriac n.pr. ܢܘܚ Meissn^{VOJ viii, (1894), 303 ad fin. (No. 116)});—Gn 5:29 (where trad. etym.), + 40 times Gn 5—10 (not in ED); 1 Ch 1:4; נֹחַ דָּנִאֵל וְאִיּוֹב Ez 14:14, 20; מֵי נֹחַ = flood Is 54:9^(×2); 𝔊 Νωε.—On hist. of interpret. of name v. Goldziher^{ZMG xxiv. (1870), 207 ff.}

נֹחַ²

נֹחַ n.pr. v. נוח

נַחְבִי

נַחְבִי n.pr. v. חבה.

נַחְבִּי

† נַחְבִּי n.pr.m. a Naphtalite, one of the Hebrew spies Nu 13:4 (P).

נָחָה

† [נָחָה] vb. lead, guide (Arabic نَحَا go in direction of, turn (eyes) toward);—
Qal Pf. sf. נָחַ֫נִי Gn 24:27 + 2 times; וְנָֽחֲךָ Is 58:11; נָחָם Ex 13:17; 2 ms. נָחִ֫יתָ Ex 15:13 ψ 77:21; Imv. נְחֵה Ex 32:34; sf. נְחֵנִי ψ 5:9 + 2 times;—lead, bring, sq. acc. pers., subj. man Ex 32:34 (sq. אֶל־), cf. ψ 60:11; 108:11 (both sq. עַד־; ‖ הוביל); usually subj. י׳ Gn 24:27 (J; also sq. בַּדֶּרֶךְ + acc. loc.), Ex 13:17 (E; sq. דֶּרֶךְ), 15:13 (song; ‖ נהל), ψ 77:21; fig. of guidance in prosperity and righteousness ψ 5:9 (‖ הושׁר דרך), 27:11 (sq. בְּאֹרַח; ‖ הורה דרך), 139:24 (sq. בדרך עולם); cf. Is 58:11.
Hiph. Pf. sf. הִנְחַ֫נִי Gn 24:48; 2 ms. sf. הִנְחִתָם Ne 9:12; Impf. sf. יַנְחֵ֫נִי Nu 23:7 ψ 23:3; יַנְחֶ֫נּוּ Dt 32:12 Pr 18:16; 3 fs. תַּנְחֶה Pr 6:22, etc.; Inf. cstr. sf. לְהַנְחֹתָם Ne 9:19; לַנְחֹתָם Ex 13:21;—lead, guide (= Qal) sq. acc. pers. Nu 23:7 (JE; + מִן).—1 S 22:4 (+ אֶת־פְּנֵי), 1 K 10:26 2 K 18:11 v. sub נוח Hiph. B.—; of guiding = treating kindly (the helpless) Jb 31:18, of guiding constellations 38:32 (‖ הוציא); usually subj. י׳ Gn 24:48 (J; sq. בַּדֶּרֶךְ) Dt 32:12 ψ 78:14, 53, 72 (Isr. as flock; ‖ רעה); Is 57:18 ψ 107:30 (sq. אֶל־); cf. of pillar of cloud Ex 13:21 (J), Ne 9:12, 19; also Jb 12:23, read prob. וַיַּנִּחֵם and leaves them (Je 14:9). ψ 67:5; especially in path of blessing ψ 23:3; 31:4 (‖ נהל), 61:3 (sq. בְּ), 73:24; cf. 43:3; 139:10 (‖ אחז), 143:10 (sq. בְּ); also of instruction, etc., Pr 6:22; 11:3; 18:16 (sq. לִפְנֵי).

נְחוּם

† נְחוּם n.pr.m. (comfort) a returned exile Ne 7:7 𝔊 Ναουμ = רְחוּם Ezr 2:2.

נִחוּם

† [נִחוּם] n.m.
1. comfort, pl. נִחֻמִים Is 57:18 Zc 1:13.
2. compassion, sf. נִחוּמָ֑י Ho 11:8 (We reads רַחֲמָ֑י).

נַחוּם

† נַחוּם n.pr.m. (comfort) the prophet Nahum, Na 1:1, 𝔊 Ναουμ. נַחוּם < = comforting, full of comfort (sc. is י׳? cf. ARSK^{DB nahum} Dr^{Na 1, 1, Century Bible}).

נָחוֹר

† נָחוֹר n.pr.m. (connexion with √ obscure);—
1. father of Teraḥ Gn 11:22, 23, 24, 25 (all P), 1 Ch 1:26.
2. son of Teraḥ and brother of Abr. Gn 11:26, 27 (P), v 29^(×2); 22:20, 23; 24:15, 24, 47 cf. 29:5 (all J), Jos 24:2 (E); עִיר נ׳ Gn 24:10 (J); אֶלֹהֵי נ׳ 31:53 (E).—𝔊 always Ναχωρ.

נָחוּשׁ

† נָחוּשׁ adj. of bronze;—אִם־בְּשָׂרִי נ׳ Jb 6:12 or is my flesh of bronze? fig. for strong, enduring (‖ אֲבָנִים; cf. 40:18).

נְחוּשָׁה

† נְחוּשָׁה and (Lv 26:19 Jb 40:18) נְחֻשָׁה n.f. copper, bronze (only poet.; cf. i. נְחשֶׁת);—נ׳ always abs.;—
1. copper, produced from ore by melting Jb 28:2.
2. copper, doubtless hardened with alloy, = bronze, as material of bow 2 S 22:35 = ψ 18:35, Jb 20:24; gates Is 45:2; fig. of strength Jb 40:18 (bones of hippopotamus), cf. 41:19, Mi 4:13 (hoofs of Zion); of obstinate brow Is 48:4 (‖ גִּיד בַּרְזֶל עָרְפֶּ֑ךָ); unproductive earth Lv 26:19.

נְחִילָה

[נְחִילָה] n.f. meaning unknown; only pl. in phr. אֶל־הַנְּחִילוֹת ψ 5:1 (title); most conj. = נְחִלּוֹת √ חלל = חָלִיל flute; v. against this Bae^{Einl. xi}, who thinks (cf. 𝔊 ὑπὲρ τῆς κληρονομούσης = אֶל־הַנֹּחֶלֶת [cf. 𝔙], Jerome [Aq. Symm] pro hereditatibus = אֶל־הַנְּחָלֹת) possibly designation of a melody.

נָחִיר

† [נָחִיר] n.[m.] nostril (appar. from above √, and not connected with Arabic نَحَرَ stab camel in wind-pipe, etc., Aramaic נְחַר kill by stabbing in nose or throat, cf. NH נָחַר perforate, kill by stabbing, so that נָחִיר would = perforation, and נחר snort wd. be denom.);—only du. sf. מִנְּחִירָיו יֵצֵא עָשָׁן Jb 41:12 (of crocodile).

נחל

I. נחל (√ of foll.; cf. Arabic نَحَلَ give for one’s own, bestow, so Sab. נחל, Sab. Denkm.^{No. 9, 1. 10; No. 15, 1. 4; cf. pp. 41, 65}; hence נַחֲלָה orig. gift, as Sab. נחלת Levy-Os^{ZMG xix (1865), 284} Sab. Denkm.^l.c.; Min. id., Hom^{Südar. Chrest. 128})).

נַ֫חַל

† I. נַ֫חַל n.m. ^{2 K 3:16} torrent, torrent-valley, wady (Ecclus 40:13, 16; NH id.; stream (rare); 𝔗 נַחְלָא, Syriac ܢܰܚܠܴܐ = BH; Assyrian naḫlu = BH; Lag^{BN 140 Anm.} thinks Νεῖλος may be from Νεέλ = נַחַל pronounced נִחִל; on נ׳ in Sab. n.pr.loc., v. Hal^{Rev. Sémit. iv. (1896), 80, 1. 14});—abs. נ׳ Gn 32:24 +, נַ֫חְלָה ψ 124;4; cstr. נַהַל Gn 26:17 +; c. ה loc. Nu 34:5; so read also Ez 47:19; 48:28 (where MT נַחֲלָ֫ה; v. Thes); du. נַחֲלַיִם Ez 47:9, but read הַנַּחַל 𝔊 𝔗 𝔖 𝔙 Co Berthol; pl. נְחָלִים Nu 21:4 +; נַחֲלֵי Dt 8:7 +; sf. נְחָלֶיהָ Is 34:9;—
1. torrent, of rushing water in narrow channel Ju 5:21^(×3); 4:7, 13 ψ 83:10 (all of קִישֹׁן, q.v.); mountain torrent Dt 9:21 (cf. Ex 32:20); so Am 5:24 (sim. of righteousness); הַנּ׳ הַשּׁוֹטֵף 2 Ch 32:4 (‖ מַעְיָנוֹת); נֶהְפְּכוּ נ׳ לְזֶפֶת Is 34:9; sim. of tears La 2:18; hyperb. נ׳־שָׁ֑מֶן Mi 6:7 torrents of oil, cf. of honey and curd Jb 20:17 (‖ פְּלַגּוֹת, נְהָרִים); fig. נ׳ בְלִיַּעַל 2 S 22:5 torrents of worthlessness (‖ מִשְׁבְּרֵי מָ֫וֶת, = ψ 18:5; נ׳ שׁוֹטֵף sim. of glory of nations Is 66:12, fig. of invaders Je 47:2 (‖ מַיִס), or foes ψ 124:4 (נַ֫חְלָה, v. supr.); 1 K 17:4, 6 (for drinking), drying up in summer v 7 (יָבֵשׁ; all of Elijah’s stream כְּרִית, q.v.); for drinking also ψ 110:7, and (fig.) נ׳ עֲדָנֶיךָ 36:9; Jb 6:15^(×2) (אֲפִיק נְחָלִים; in sim.); of water bursting from rock ψ 78:20 (שָׁטַף, ‖ מַיִם), cf. 74:15 (+ מַעְיָן); fig. of מְקוֹר חָכְמָה Pr 18:4 (נ׳ נֹבֵעַ; ‖ מַיִם עֲמֻקִים); more gen. = stream, brook, river (chiefly late) Is 11:15 (divisions of river, נָהָר), in desert 35:6 (‖ מַיִם), Je 31:9 (נַחֲלֵי מַיִם), Ez 47:5^(×2), 9b (all del. Co), v 6, 7, 9a (read הַנַּחַל, v. supr.) v 12; containing fish, etc. Lv 11:9, 10 (‖ מַיִם, יַמִּים), Ec 1:7^(×2); fig. of רוּחַ י׳ Is 30:28 (נ׳ שׁוֹטֵף), 30:33 (נ׳ גָּפְרִית).
2. Torrent-valley, wady, as stream-bed 1 S 17:40 Ne 2:15 Is 57:6; with torrent flowing through it, נ׳ אֵיתָן Dt 21:4^(×2), 6, אֶרֶץ נַחֲלֵי מַיִם Dt 8:7 (‖ עֲיָנֹת וּתְהֹמֹת יֹצְאִים בַּבִּקְעָה), cf. 10:7, 1 K 18:5 (‖ מַעְיְנֵי הַמַּיִם), ψ 104:10; abode of Elijah 1 K 17:3, 5 (cf. v 4, 6, 7 supr.); עֹרְבֵי נ׳ Pr 30:17 (cf. 1 K 17:4, 6); נ׳ הַבַּתּוֹת Is 7:19 as home of bees; fertile, נ׳ אֶשְׁכֹּל Nu 13:23, 24 (E); אִבֵּי הַנּ׳ Ct 6:11; עַרְבֵי־נ׳ poplars of the wady Lv 23:40 (H), Jb 40:22; נ׳ עֲרָבִים Is 15:7; needing water Gn 26:17 (נ׳ גְּרָר), v 19 (J), cf. 2 K 3:16, 17; place for refuse, ruins, etc. 2 S 17:13; poet. aslso as wild, remote ravine Jb 30:6, cf. בְּצוּר הַנְּחָלִים 22:24; place of child-sacrifice Is 57:5; burial-place Jb 21:33 (רִגְבֵי נ׳).—Nu 24:6 v. ii. נַ֫חַל. Particular wadys designate localities נ׳ קִישׁוֹן 1 K 18:40. אַרִנוֹן Nu 21:14 (E), Dt 2:24, 36^(×2); 3:8, 12, 16^(×2); 4:48 Jos 12:1, 2^(×2), 13:9^(×2) (all D), v 16^(×2) (P), 2 K 10:33; אֶשְׁכֹּל Nu 32:9 (J), Dt 1:24; בְּשׂוֹר 1 S 30:9, 10, 21; גָּד 2 S 24:5; זֶרֶד Nu 21:12 (E), Dt 2:13^(×2), 14; יַבֹּק Gn 32:24 (J), Dt 2:37; 3:16 Jos 12:2 (all D); קִדְרוֹן 2 S 15:23 1 K 2:37; 15:13 2 K 23:6^(×2), 12 2 Ch 15:16; 29:16; 30:14 Je 31:40; קָנָה Jos 16:8; 17:9^(×3) (all P); שׂוֹרֵק Ju 16:4; נ׳ הַשִּׁטִּים Jo 4:18; נ׳ מִצְרַיִם is SW. limit of Pal. (Assyrian naḫal [mat] Muṣri, Dl^{Par 310} Schr^{COT Nu 34:5}) Nu 34:5 (P), Jos 15:4 (D), v 47 (P), 1 K 8:65 2 K 24:7 2 Ch 7:8 Is 27:12, + (om. מצרים) Ez 47:19; 48:28 (v. supr.); so read also poss. Am 6:14 (v. עֲרָבָה: usually identified with Wâdy el-Arîsh; on Wkl’s different view, v. reff. sub מִצְרַיִם ad fin.); on identif. of נ׳ Jos 15:7; 19:11 (both P), 2 S 23:30 = 1 Ch 11:32, 2 Ch 20:16; 33:14, v. Comm.; אֶשֶׁד הַנְּחָלִים Nu 21:15, v. אֶשֶׁד.
3. Miner’s shaft, פָּרַץ נ׳ Jb 28:4.

נָחַל

† נָחַל vb. denom. get or take as a possession (cf. Gerber ^{236 ff.}; Ecclus נחל 45:22 b +; NH id. (rare));—
Qal Pf. נ׳ Zc, 2:16; 2 ms. נָמַלְתָּ Ex 23:30 + 8 times Pf.; Impf. 3 ms. יִנְחַל Is 57:13; 3 mpl. יִנְחֲלוּ Nu 18:23 + 5 times; יִנְחָ֑לוּ 26:55 + 2 times; + 8 times Impf.; Inf. נִחֹל Nu 34:18 Jos 19:49;— 1. take possession, inherit: a land of Canaan, Ex 23:30 (E), 32:13 (J), Is 57:13 Ez 47:14; Zion and Judah ψ 69:37. b. special sections in the land, of tribes and individuals, נחל נחלה Jos 17:6 (J); נחלה אשׁר נ׳ Dt 19:14 (D), Nu 35:8 (P), cf. Jos 14:1 (P); without acc., have or get a (landed) property, Nu 18:20, 23, 24; 26:55; 32:19 Jos 16:4; 19:9 (all P), Ju 11:2. c. land of Moab and Ammon by conquest Zp 2:9; landed property בכל הגוים ψ 82:8. d. God takes possession of Israel as his private property Ex 34:9 (J); Judah Zc 2:16. 2. fig. have or get as a possession, property: testimonies ψ 119:111, glory Pr 3:35, good things 28:10, lies Je 16:19, wind Pr 11:29, simplicity 14:18. 3. divide the land for a possession, Nu 34:17, 18 Jos 19:49 (all P; incorrect pointing for Piel, so SS).
Pi. divide for a possession: Pf. 3 ms. נִחַל Jos 13:32; 3 pl. נִחֲלוּ Jos 14:1; 19:51; Inf. נַחֵל Nu 34:29 (all P); also Nu 34:17, 18 Jos 19:49 (v. Qal 3).
Hithp. Pf. 3 pl. sf. הִתְנַחֲלוּם Is 14:2; 2 mpl. הִתְנַחַלְתֶּם Lv 25:46 Nu 33:54; Impf. תִּתְנַחֲלוּ Nu 34:13 Ez 47:13; תִּתְנֶתָ֑לוּ Nu 33:54; Inf. הִתְנַחֵל Nu 32:18; possess oneself of land (acc.) Nu 33:54; 34:13 (P) Ez 47:13; נחלה Nu 32:18 (P); slaves Lv 25:46 (P) Is 14:2; abs., ref. to land Nu 33:54 (P); all c. לְ pers. (for whose benefit), except Nu 32:18; 34:13 Is 14:2.
Hiph. Pf. 1 s. הִנְחַ֫לְתִּי Je 3:18 + 3 times Pf.; Impf. 3 ms. יַנְחִיל Dt 3:28; יַנְחִל Ez 46:18; 2 ms. sf. תַּנְחִילָנָּה Dt 31:7 + 5 times Impf.; Inf. cstr. הַנְחִיל Is 49:8 Pr 8:21; בְּהַנְחֵל Dt 32:8 (on form cf. Ew^{§ 238 d} Kö^{i 315} Ges^{§ 53 k}; read בְּהַנְחִל?); sf. הַנְחִילוֹ Dt 21:16; Pt. מַנְחִיל Dt 12:10;— 1. give as a possession: a. land of Canaan (given by י׳ or his servants), acc. pers. et rei, Dt 1:38; 3:28; 12:10; 19:3; 31:7 Jos 1:6 (all D), Je 3:18; 12:14. b. various things, acc. pers. et rei, especially blessings, Zc 8:12 1 S 2:8 Pr 8:21; acc. rei Is 49:8; acc. pers. Dt 32:8. 2. cause to inherit, give as an inheritance, c. acc. pers. et rei, Dt 21:16; acc. pers. + מן rei, Ez 46:18; acc. pers. Pr 13:22 ל pers. 1 Ch 28:8.
Hoph. Pf. 1 s. הָנְחַלְתּי Jb 7:3 made to possess, c. acc. rei, e.g. months of vanity.

נַ֫חַל²

† II. [נַ֫חַל] n.[m.] perhaps palm-tree (Arabic نَخْلٌ, n. unit. نَخْلَةٌ; v. Perles^{JQ, July, 1899, 688});— only pl. abs., כִּנְחָלִים נִטָּ֑יוּ Nu 24:6 like palm-trees, which are stretched out, spread out (as to foliage). So Perles^l.c., who compares כערבי נחל Ecclus 50:12, 𝔊 ὡς στελέχη φοινίκων.

נָחַל²

II. נָחַל (√ of foll.; meaning unknown).

נַחֲלָה

נַחֲלָה₂₂₄ n.f. possession, property, inheritance (orig. gift; NH = BH);—נ׳ Nu 18:23 +; נַחֲלָת ψ 16:6 (Ges^{§ 80 g}), read נַחֲלָתִי Ew SS We Kö^{ii 1, 425}; cstr. נַחֲלַת Jos 13:23; sf. נַחֲלָתִי Ru 4:6; נַחֲלַתְכֶם ψ 105:11; pl. נְחָלוֹת Is 49:8, נְחָלֹת Jos 19:51;—
1. property: a. in Canaan given by י׳ to Israel, †נחלת ישׂראל Ju 20:6; †נ׳ יעקב Is 58:14, especially †אֲשֶׁר נֹתֵן לְךָ נַחֲלָה Dt 4:21; 15:4; 19:10; 20:16; 21:23; 24:4; 25:19; 26:1 (all D); הנחלה אשׁר הנחלתי את עמי Je 12:14. b. distrib. among tribes: נתן נ׳ לְ Nu 16:14; 36:2 Jos 14:3 (restore לְ), 17:4, 14; 19:49 (all P); נתן לנ׳ לְ Dt 29:7 Jos 11:23; 14:13 (all D²); נָֽחֲלוּ נחלה Jos 17:6 (J); תֵּחָלֵק בנ׳ Nu 26:53, 56 (P); נפל בנחלה Nu 34:2 (P), Ju 18:1 Ez 47:22; הפיל בנ׳ Jos 13:6; 23:4 (D²), Ez 45:1; 47:22, also v 29 (Co reads ב for מ). c. nations as possession of the people, ψ 111:6; of the king 2:8. d. Levites have no property in the land Nu 18:23, 24 Dt 10:9; 12:12; their possession is י׳ Nu 18:20 (P); י׳ הוּא נחלתו Dt 10:9; 18:2 Jos 13:14, 33 (all D); the tithes Nu 18:21, 24, 26 (P). e. †י׳ takes Isr. as his property, 1 S 10:1 1 K 8:53 2 K 21:14 Is 19:25 Mi 7:18 ψ 33:12; 68:10; 106:5; עם נחלה Dt 4:20 (D²); עַמְּךָ וְנַחֲלָֽתְךָ Dt 9:26, 29 (D), 1 K 8:51; ‖ עַם Is 47:6 Jo 2:17; 4:2 Mi 7:14 ψ 28:9; 78:62, 71; 94:5, 14; 106:40; נחלת י׳ 1 S 26:19 2 S 20:19; 21:3; נ׳ אלהים 2 S 14:16; יעקב חבל נ׳ Dt 32:9; שׁבט נ׳ Je 10:16 = 51:19, ψ 74:2; שׁבטי נ׳ Is 63:17; also, the holy mt. Ex 15:17 (song), temple Je 12:7 ψ 79:1, land Je 2:7; 12:8, 9; 16:18; 50:11.
†2. portion, share: a. assigned by God, Is 54:17 ψ 37:18; 127:3; elsewhere ‖ חֵלָק Jb 20:29; 27:13; 31:2. b. by choice, ‖ חֵלֶק, לא נ׳ לנו בבן ישׁי 2 S 20:1 we have no share in the son of Jesse = 1 K 12:16 = 2 Ch 10:16.
3. inheritance (45 times) חֵלָק וְנַחֲלָה בְּבֵית אָבִינוּ Gn 31:14 (E) portion or inheritance in the house of our father; העביר נ׳ לְ Nu 27:7, 8 (P) cause the inheritance to pass unto; נתן נ׳ לְ Nu 27:9, 10, 11 (P), Jb 42:15; †נחלת אבוה Nu 36:3, 8 1 K 21:3, 4 Pr 19:14; נ׳ לבניו תהיה Ez 46:16.

נַחֲלִיאֵל

† נַחֲלִיאֵל n.pr.loc. ( = valley—or palm—of Ēl);—station of Isr. E. of Dead Sea Nu 21:19^(×2) (JE), poss. (if = valley) one of main tributaries of Arnon, e.g. W. Wâle (v. Bliss^{PEF 1895, 204, 215}).

נֶחֱלָמִי

† נֶחֱלָמִי adj.gent. (noun not found);—Je 29:24; also v 31, 32 (where van d. H. נֶחְלָמִי).

נַחֲלָת

נַחֲלָת v. נַחֲלַה.

נחם

† [נחם] vb. Niph. be sorry, console oneself, etc. (only in der. species) (NH Pi. comfort; Ph.in n.pr.Lzb³²²; 𝔗 Pa. = NH, and deriv.; Chr. Pal. Aramaic Pa. id., Schwally^{Idiot. 54}; Arabic نَحَمَ breathe pantingly (of horse));—
Niph. Pf. נִחַם Am 7:3 + 4 times; נִחָ֑ם Je 20:16 + 2 times; 1 s. נִחַמְתִּי Gn 6:7 + 8 times; נִחָ֑מְתִּי Zc 8:14; 2 mpl. נִחַמְתֶּם Ez 14:22; Impf. יִנָּחֵם Ex 13:17 + 6 times; וַיִּנָּ֫חֶם Gn 6:6 + 6 times; + 5 times Impf.; Imv. הִנָּחֵם Ex 32:12 ψ 90:13; Inf. הִנָּחֵם Je 31:15 1 S 15:29; Pt. נִחָם Ju 21:15 + 3 times; — 1. be sorry, moved to pity, have compassion, for others, abs. Je 15:6; c. על ψ 90:13; אֶל Ju 21:6; לְ v 15; מִן 2:18. 2. be sorry, rue, suffer grief, repent, of one’s own doings, abs. Ex 13:17 (E), ψ 106:45 Je 20:16 Jo 2:14 Zc 8:14; ‖ שׁקּר 1 S 15:29^(×2); מאם Jb 42:6; שׁוב Je 4:28; 31:19 Jon 3:9; חוּס Ez 24:14; לא נ׳, ‖ נשׂבע ψ 110:4; c. עַל Am 7:3, 6 Je 8:6; 18:10; על־הרעה for ill done to others Ex 32:12, 14 (J), Je 18:8 Jo 2:13 Jon 3:10; 4:2; אל־הרעה 2 S 24:16 = 1 Ch 21:15 (על), Je 26:3, 13, 19; 42:10; כִּי Gn 6:6, 7 (J), 1 S 15:11, 35. 3. comfort oneself, be comforted: abs. Gn 38:12 (J) ψ 77:3 Ez 31:16; c. עַל 2 S 13:39 Je 31:15; על הרעה, concerning the evil Ez 14:22; 32:31; אחרי Gn 24:67 (J). 4. be relieved, ease oneself, by taking vengeance c. מן Is 1:24; על 57:6.
Piel Pf. נִחַם Is 49:13; + 8 times Pf.; Impf. יְנַחֵם Jb 29:25; 3 mpl. יְנַחֲמוּ Jb 42:11; יְנַחֵמ֑וּן Zc 10:2 + 13 times Impf.; Imv. נַחֲמוּ Is 40:1^(×2); Inf. נַחֵם Is 61:2; sf. נַחֲמוֹ Gn 37:35 + 9 times Inf.; Pt. מְנַחֵם La 1:2, pl. מְנַחֲמִים ψ 69:21, + 11 times Pt.—comfort, console, abs. Gn 37:35 (J), 1 Ch 19:3 = 2 S 10:3; ψ 69:21 Ec 4:1^(×2) Zc 10:2 Na 3:7 La 1:16; c. acc. pers. Gn 50:21 (E) 2 S 12:24 1 Ch 7:22; 19:2 Jb 2:11; 7:13; 21:34; 29:25 Ru 2:13 ψ 23:4; 71:21; 119:76, 82 Is 12:1; 22:4 40:1^(×2) 51:3^(×2), 12, 19; 61:2; 66:13^(×2) Ez 14:23; 16:54 Zc 1:17 La 2:13; ‖ עזר ψ 86:17; רַחֵם Is 49:13; גאל Is 52:9; שׂמּח Je 31:13; מן rei Gn 5:29 (J); על Je 16:7; 42:11; אל 2 S 10:2 = על 1 Ch 19:2; מְנַחֲמֵי עמל Jb 16:2; אֵין מְנַחֵם לְ La 1:2, 9, 17, 21.
Pual Pf. נֻחָ֑מָה Is 54:11; Impf. תְּנֻחָ֑מוּ Is 66:13; be relieved, consoled.
Hithpa. Pf. 1 s. וְהִנֶּחָ֑מְתִּי (for הִתְנ׳; but del. Co) Ez 5:13; Impf. יִתְנֶחָ֑ם Dt 32:36 + 2 times; 1 s. אֶתְנֶחָ֑ם ψ 119:52; Inf. הִתְנַחֵם Gn 37:35; Pt. מִתְנַחֵם Gn 27:42— 1. be sorry, have compassion עַל־עֲבָדָיו upon his servants Dt 32:36 = ψ 135:14. 2. rue, repent, ‖ כזּב, Nu 23:19 (poem). 3. comfort oneself, be relieved, abs. Gn 37:35 (J), ψ 119:52. 4. ease oneself, by taking vengeance Ez 5:13 (?); c. לִ pers. Gn 27:42 (JE): cf. Ni. 4.

נַ֫חַם

† נַ֫חַם n.pr.m. (comfort), a chieftain of Judah 1 Ch 4:19; 𝔊 Ναχεθ, A Ναχεμ, 𝔊L Ναουμ.

נֹ֫חַם

† נֹ֫חַם n.m. sorrow, repentance, Ho 13:14.

נֶחָמָה

† [נֶחָמָה] n.f. comfort, sf. נֶחָמָתִי ψ 119:50 Jb 6:10.

נְחֶמְיָה

† נְחֶמְיָה n.pr.m. (Yah comforts, 𝔊 Νεεμιας (-ου). etc.;—n.pr. נחמיה(ו) on Isr. scarab in BM, Cl Gann^{JAs 1883, Fév.-Mars. 156 No. 42});—
1. the son of Hachaliah, governor of Judah under Artaxerxes Longimanus Ne 1:1; 8:9; 10:2; 12:26, 47.
2. ruler of half the district of Bethzur Ne 3:16.
3. one of twelve heads of people who returned with Zerubbabel Ezr 2:2 = Ne 7:7.

נַחֲמָנִי

† נַחֲמָנִי n.pr.m. (compassionate) a returned exile Ne 7:7; 𝔊 Νεεμιου (gen.).

נַחְנוּ

נַחְנוּ v. אֲנַחְנוּ p. 59 b supr.

נַ֫חְנוּ

† נַ֫חְנוּ, נָחְ֑נוּ pron. 1 pl. we (abbrev. from אֲנַחְנוּ; cf. the forms نَحْنُ, ንሕነ נַחְנָא, just cited; also Assyrian nîni) Gn 42:11; Ex 16:7, 8; Nu 32:32; La 3:42. (In 2 S 17:12 נַחְנוּ is 1 pl. perf. Qal from נוּחַ.)

נָחַץ

† [נָחַץ] vb. urge (?), whence (si vera l.);—
Qal Pt. pass. (active Pt. in u, according to Ba^{NB 175}), דְּבַר הַמֶּלֶךְ נָחוּץ 1 S 21:9 the king’s business was urgent (𝔊 κατὰ σπουδήν, A κατασπεῦδον). (Thes cp. Arabic نَحَضَ ursit instititque rogando [Kam. Frey]); text dub.; HPS נָאוֹץ (from אוץ), > נחושׁ.