INTAMBARA IKOMEYE

IGICE CYA 7 - LUTERI YITANDUKANYA NA ROMA

Mu bari barahamagariwe kuyobora itorero ngo rive mu mwijima w’inyigisho n’imigenzo z’itorero ry’i Roma bityo rijye mu mucyo wo kwizera nyakuri, uw’ikubitiro yari Maritini Luteri. Yari umunyamurava, akagira ishyaka no kwitanga, ntiyagiraga icyo atinya uretse Imana kandi nta rundi rufatiro rwo kwizera yagiraga uretse Ibyanditswe Byera. Luteri yari umuntu ukwiriye wo mu gihe cye. Imana yamukoresheje umurimo ukomeye wo kuvugurura itorero ndetse no kumurikira abatuye isi. II 122.1

Nk’uko byari biri ku nteguza z’ubutumwa bwiza za mbere, Luteri yakomotse mu muryango w’abakene. Imyaka y’ubuto bwe yayimaze mu rugo rw’umuhinzi w’Umudage wari woroheje. Kubw’umurimo wo gucukura amabuye y’agaciro se yakoraga buri munsi, byamubashishije kubona uburyo bwo kumurihira ishuri. Se yifuzaga ko umwana we yazaba umunyamategeko uburanira abandi, ariko Imana yari imufitiye undi mugambi wo kuba umwubatsi w’itorero rikomeye ryakuraga buhoro buhoro mu binyejana byinshi. Umurimo uruhije no kubaho mu bukene, ndetse n’ikinyabupfura kidakebakeba ni byo byabaye ishuri Nyir’ubwenge butagerwa yateguriyemo Luteri kuzakora umurimo w’ingenzi mu buzima bwe. Se wa Luteri yari umugabo ufite ubwenge bwinshi kandi ubukoresha cyane, yari afite imico itajegajega, inyangamugayo, umuntu wiyemeza kandi udakebakeba. Ibyo yemeraga nk’inshingano ye yabigenderagamo atitaye ku ngaruka izo ari zo zose zamubaho. Kuba yarashyiraga mu gaciro ku rwego rwo hejuru byamuteye kuzinukwa imikorere y’ibigo abapadiri n’abandi bihaye Imana babamo. Ntiyashimishijwe no kubona Luteri yinjira muri ibyo bigo atabimwemereye kandi baje kwiyunga hashize imyaka ibiri atari yahindura igitekerezo cye. II 122.2

Ababyeyi ba Luteri bitaga cyane ku burere bw’abana babo. Bihatiraga kubigisha iby’Imana ndetse no kugira imikorere irangwa n’imico ya Gikristo. Luteri yagiye kenshi yumva se asaba Imana ngo umwana azajye yibuka izina ry’Uhoraho kandi ngo umunsi umwe azabashe gufasha mu iterambere ry’ukuri Kwe. Abo babyeyi bakoreshaga uburyo bwose babonye maze bagateza imbere mu buryo bukomeye iby’imico mbonera cyangwa iby’ubwenge bungukiraga mu mibereho yabo iruhije. Ntacyo batakoraga bihanganye kugira ngo bategurire abana babo kugira imibereho itunganye n’ingirakamaro. Kubw’imico yabo ishikamye kandi ifite imbaraga, rimwe na rimwe abo babyeyi bageraga ubwo bakoresha ubukana, ariko nubwo Luteri ubwe yari azi neza ko abo babyeyi hari ingingo zimwe bari barayobyeho, mu byo bamutozaga yabonagamo byinshi yemera biruta ibyo atemeraga. II 123.1

Ku ishuri yoherejweho akiri umwana muto, Luteri yahafatiwe nabi ndetse akanahohoterwa. Ubukene bw’ababyeyi be bwari bukabije cyane ku buryo ubwo yavaga iwabo akajya ku ishuri mu wundi mujyi, hari igihe byabaye ngombwa ko kugira ngo abone ibyo kurya yajyaga aririmbira abantu ava ku rugo ajya ku rundi, ndetse akenshi inzara ikamumerera nabi. Imitekerereze mu by’iyobokamana yarangwaga n’umwijima n’iby’ubupfumu yari yarabaye gikwira muri icyo gihe yamuteraga ubwoba. Nijoro yashoboraga kujya kuryama yuzuye agahinda mu mutima, akareba ahazaza hijimye ahinda umushyitsi ndetse agahorana ubwoba atewe no gutekereza ko Imana ari umucamanza w’intavumera, utagira impuhwe n’umugome ukaze aho kuba Umubyeyi w’umunyebambe wo mu ijuru. II 123.2

Nyamara muri uko gucibwa intege n’ibintu byinshi kandi bikomeye, Luteri yakomeje guhatana ngo agere ku rugero rwo hejuru rw’imico iboneye n’ubuhanga buhanitse umutima we wari urangamiye. Yari afite inyota yo kumenya kandi intekerezo ze zidakebakeba zamuteye kwifuza ibikomeye kandi by’ingirakamaro mu mwanya wo gushaka ibigaragarira amaso kandi bitimbitse. II 123.3

Ubwo yari amaze imyaka cumi n’umunani y’ubukuru, yinjiye muri kaminuza y’i Erfurt, imibereho ye irushaho kuba myiza kandi noneho akabona ahazaza he ari heza kurusha mu buto bwe. Kubera gucunga neza umutungo wabo no gukora cyane, ababyeyi be bari baragize ubushobozi bityo babasha kumuha ubufasha akeneye bwose. Byongeye kandi kugira incuti nziza byari byaragabanyije ibikomere yatewe n’ubuzima bubi yagize mu myigire ye ya mbere y’icyo gihe. Yitangiye kwiga cyane iby’abanditsi b’ibirangirire, agaha agaciro ibitekerezo byabo bihanitse kandi ubwenge bw’abahanga nawe abugira ubwe. Kugira ubwenge buzi gufata, imitekerereze myiza, ubushobozi bukomeye bwo gusesengura ndetse no kwiga adacogora bidatinze byatumye aba umunyeshuri wo ku rwego rwa mbere muri bagenzi be. Ikinyabupfura yaboneye mu ishuri cyakujije ubushobozi bwe gushyira mu gaciro kandi bizamura imikorere y’intekerezo ze n’imyumvire myiza byamuteguriraga intambara azarwana mu buzima bwe. II 124.1

Gutinya Imana byabaga mu mutima wa Luteri, bikamubashisha ku gukomera ku kutadohoka ku migambi kwe kandi bikamutera kwicisha bugufi kwimbitse imbere y’Imana. Yahoraga yumva yishingikirije ku bufasha mvajuru, kandi ntiyigeraga yibagirwa gutangira umunsi adasenze. Uko umutima we wateraga niko yasabaga kuyoborwa no kunganirwa n’Imana. Akenshi yaravugaga ati: “Gusenga neza bifite agaciro karuta kimwe cya kabiri cyo kwiga.” ⁷⁴ Umunsi umwe ubwo yarebaga ibitabo byo mu nzu y’isomero, Luteri yaje kubona Bibiliya yanditswe mu Kiratini. Ntabwo yari yarigeze kubona igitabo nk’icyo. Nta nubwo yari azi ko kinabaho. Yari yarumvise ibice by’Ubutumwa bwiza n’Inzandiko byasomerwaga abantu mu materaniro yo gusenga bityo akibwira ko ibyo bice ari Bibiliya yuzuye. Ubwo noneho nibwo bwari ubwa mbere abona Ijambo ry’Imana ryose. Yabumbuye izo mpapuro zera afite ubwoba buvanze no gutangara cyane; yisomeye amagambo y’ubugingo abishishikariye, umutima utera cyane, akageza aho agatururukwa maze akavuga ati: “Yo! Icyampa Imana ikampa igitabo nk’iki kikaba icyanjye bwite!” ⁷⁵ II 124.2

Abamarayika bo mu ijuru bari bamuri iruhande, kandi umucyo uvuye ku ntebe y’ubwami y’Imana wahishuriye intekerezo ze ubutunzi bw’ukuri. Yari yaragiye atinya gucumura ku Mana, ariko ubwo bwo gusobanukirwa byimbitse n’uko ateye nk’umunyabyaha byarushijeho kumuhangayikisha kuruta uko byamubagaho mbere hose. II 124.3

Amaherezo icyifuzo gikomeye cyo kubaturwa mu cyaha no kubana amahoro n’Imana cyamuteye kujya kuba mu kigo cy’abihaye Imana maze ubuzima bwe abwegurira kuba muri ibyo bigo. Muri icyo kigo yasabwe kujya akora imirimo mibi iruhije cyane ndetse no kujya asabiriza ava mu rugo rumwe ajya ku rundi. Yari ageze mu kigero umuntu yumva ashaka cyane kubahwa no kwitabwaho, bityo iyo mirimo imucisha bugufi yumvaga imukoza isoni ariko arabyihanganira, yiringira ko ari byo bimukwiriye kubera ibyaha bye. II 125.1

Umwanya wose washoboraga gusaguka amaze gukora inshingano ze za buri munsi yawukoreshaga yiga, akigomwa ibitotsi, ndetse akagabanya no ku gihe cye cyo kurya. Yishimiraga cyane gusoma Ijambo ry’Imana kuruta ibindi byose. Yari yarabonye Bibiliya imanikishijwe umunyururu ku rusika rw’inzu babagamo, bityo akajya ajya aho iri kenshi kugira ngo ayisome. Uko umutima we warushagaho kumwemeza ibyaha bye, yashakaga uko yagirirwa imbabazi kandi akabona amahoro kubw’imirimo ye. Niko kwiyegurira imibereho iruhije cyane agaharanira gutsinda ibibi byo muri kamere ye, imibereho yo mu kigo cy’abihaye Imana itari yaramuruhuye. Yakoreshaga kwiyiriza ubusa, kudasinzira no kwibabaza. Ntiyabuze gukora icyo ari cyo cyose cyamugeza kuri kwa kubonera k’umutima kwari kumubashisha guhagarara imbere y’Imana yemewe. Nyuma y’aho yaje kuvuga ati: “Nari uwihaye Imana wamaramaje kandi nakurikizaga amategeko y’ibyo nemera bikomeye cyane birenze uko nabasha gusobanura. Haramutse habayeho uwihaye Imana ubasha guheshwa ijuru n’ibikorwa bye, nagombye kuba ari njye urikwiriye ...Iyo iyo mibereho iza gukomeza igihe kirekire, mba narakomeje kwibabaza ndetse nkageza n’ubwo mpfa.” ⁷⁶ II 125.2

Ingaruka z’iyo mibereho yo kwibabaza yabaye gutakaza imbaraga z’umubiri maze arwara indwara yo kujya agwa amarabira bityo bimugiraho ingaruka atigeze akira burundu mu buzima bwe. Nyamara muri uwo muhati we wose umutima we wari uremerewe ntiwabashije kugira ihumure. Amaherezo yaje kugera aho abura ibyiringiro. II 125.3

Ubwo byagaragaraga ko Luteri yatakaje ibyiringiro byose nibwo Imana yamwoherereje incuti yo kumufasha. Staupitz (Sitopitsi) wari waramaramaje niwe wafunguriye intekerezo za Luteri Ijambo ry’Imana, maze amusaba kureka kwirebaho ubwe, akareka gukomeza kugira inkeke y’igihano kidashira kizaterwa no kwica amategeko y’Imana, ahubwo agahanga amaso Yesu, Umukiza we ubabarira ibyaha. Yaramubwiye ati: “Aho kwibabaza wiziza ibyaha byawe, ishyire mu maboko y’Umucunguzi. Mwiringire, wiringire ubutungane bw’imibereho ye ndetse n’urupfu rwe rukuraho ibyaha. Tegera amatwi Umwana w’Imana. Yahindutse umuntu kubwo kuguhesha ubwishingizi bw’ijuru.” “Mukunde kuko ari we wabanje kugukunda.” ⁷⁷ II 126.1

Uko niko intumwa yuje imbabazi yavuze. Amagambo ya Staupitz yakabakabye umutima n’ibitekerezo bya Luteri. Nyuma y’igihe arwana n’amakosa yari yaragundiriye, igihe kirekire, Luteri yabashije kwakira ukuri kandi amahoro ataha mu mutima we wari wihebye. II 126.2

Luteri yerejwe kuba umupadiri maze ahamagarirwa kuva muri icyo kigo cy’abihaye Imana akajya kwigisha muri Kaminuza ya Wittenberg. Muri iyo kaminuza yahigiye Ibyanditswe ashyizeho umwete, Ibyanditswe byari biri mu ndimi z’umwimerere. Yatangiye kwigisha kuri Bibiliya bityo igitabo cya Zaburi, Ubutumwa bwiza bune ndetse n’Inzandiko bisobanurirwa imbaga y’abantu babaga bishimiye kumutega amatwi. Incuti ye Staupitz wanamurutaga mu myaka, yamusabye kuzamuka akajya ku ruhimbi maze akaba ariho abwiririza Ijambo ry’Imana. Luteri yarashidikanyije abitewe no kumva adakwiriye kubwira abantu mu cyimbo cya Kristo. Hashize igihe kirekire arwana n’icyo gitekerezo nibwo yaje kwemera ibyifuzo by’incuti ze. Yari yaramaze kuba umuntu usobanukiwe Ibyanditswe cyane kandi ubuntu bw’Imana bwabaga kuri we. Kuba intyoza kwe kwakururaga ababaga bamuteze amatwi, kandi uko yigishanyaga ukuri imbaraga no mu buryo bwumvikana byemezaga intekerezo kandi umurava we wakoraga ku mitima yabo. II 126.3

Luteri yari umuntu ushimwa n’itorero ryayoborwaga na Papa kandi ntiyatekerezaga kuzaba ikindi kitari icyo yari cyo muri icyo gihe. Kubw’ubuntu bw’Imana yaje kugambirira gusura i Roma. Urwo rugendo rwe yarukoze n’amaguru, akagenda acumbika mu mu bigo by’abapadiri byari aho yanyuraga. Ubwo yari mu kigo cy’abapadiri mu Butaliyani, yaje gutangazwa n’ubukungu, ubwiza ndetse no kwaya umutungo yahabonye. Kubera guhabwa ku butunzi bw’umwami, abihaye Imana baho babaga mu mazu arimbishijwe cyane, bakambara imyenda ya gikire kandi ihenze cyane ndetse bakarya ibyokurya bihenze. Luteri yagereranyije ibyo yabonaga n’imibereho ye yo kwitanga, umuruho n’agahinda, bimubera urujijo. II 127.1

Nyuma yaje kwitegereza uwo mujyi wubatswe ku dusozi turindwi agira ikiniga, nuko apfukama hasi maze avuga n’ijwi rirenga ati: “Roma ntagatifu! Ndakuramutsa!” ⁷⁸ II 127.2

Yinjiye muri uwo mujyi, asura za kiriziya, akajya ategera amatwi ibitekerezo bitangaje byasubirwagamo n’abapadiri n’abandi bihaye Imana, kandi nawe agakora imihango yose yasabwaga gukora. Aho yajyaga hose, ibyo yabonaga byaramutangazaga kandi bikamubabaza. Yabonye ko inzego zose z’abihaye Imana zarangwagamo gukiranirwa. Yumvise inzenya z’urukozasoni zavugwaga n’abayobozi bakuru mu by’idini maze aterwa ubwoba no kutubaha ibyera kwabo ndetse bakabikora no mu misa. Yaranditse ati: “Ntawe ubasha gutekereza ibyaha ndetse n’ibikorwa biteye isoni bikorerwa i Roma. Wabyemezwa n’uko ubyiboneye kandi ubyiyumviye. Bakunze kuvuga ngo: ‘Niba koko gihenomu ibaho, Roma iyubatse hejuru: Ni inyenga iturukamo ibyaha by’uburyo bwose.’” ⁷⁹ II 127.3

Papa yari amaze igihe gito aciye iteka risezeranira imbabazi z’ibyaha abantu bose bajyaga kugenza amavi bazamuka ingazi zitiriwe Pilato ⁸⁰. Bavugaga ko ubwo Umukiza wacu yari avuye gucirirwa urubanza mu cyumba cy’urukiko rw’Abanyaroma yamanutse izo ngazi kandi ko mu buryo bw’igitangaza, izo ngazi zavuye i Yerusalemu zikazanwa i Roma. Umunsi umwe ubwo Luteri yuriraga izo ngazi apfukamye abishishikariye, yatunguwe n’ijwi nk’iry’inkuba ihinda rivuga riti: “Umukiranutsi azabeshwaho no kwizera.” (Abaroma 1:17). Kubw’ikimwaro n’ubwoba, yahereyeko arahaguruka maze ava aho yihuta. Ntabwo yongeye na gato kwibagirwa iryo somo. Kuva ubwo yasobanukiwe neza no kwishuka kuri ku kwishingikiriza ku mirimo y’umuntu ngo imuheshe agakiza, ndetse anasobanukirwa n’uburyo ari ngombwa guhora umuntu yizeye ibyo Kristo yakoze. Amaso ye yari yahumutse ubutazongera guhuma ngo ananirwe kubona ubuyobe buri mu nyigisho z’ubupapa. Ubwo yarekaga guhanga amaso ye i Roma, yari yanahindukiye mu mutima, kandi kuva icyo gihe kwitandukanya na Roma byarushijeho gukura kugeza ubwo yitandukanyije burundu n’Itorero ry’ i Roma. II 128.1

Nyuma yo kuva i Roma, Luteri yaherewe impamyabushobozi y’ikirenga mu byerekeye Imana muri kaminuza ya Wittenberg. Ubu noneho mu buryo butandukanye na mbere, yari afite umudendezo wo kwirundurira mu kwiga Ibyanditswe yakundaga. Yari yararahiriye ko mu minsi y’ubuzima bwe bwose azajya yiga Ijambo ry’Imana yitonze kandi akaryigisha uko riri, atari ukwigisha imigani n’inyigisho by’abapapa. Ntabwo yari akiri uwihaye Imana cyangwa umwarimu usanzwe ahubwo yari umwigisha wa Bibiliya ubifitiye uburenganzira. Yari yarahamagariwe kuba umushumba wo kuragira umukumbi w’Imana wari ufitiye ukuri inzara n’inyota. Yavuze ashimikiriye ko Abakristo badakwiriye kwemera izindi nyigisho uretse izishingiye ku Byanditswe Byera. Ayo magambo yahamyaga rwose ku rufatiro rw’inyigisho z’ubutware bwa papa. Ayo magambo kandi yarimo ipfundo ry’Ubugorozi. II 128.2

Luteri yabonaga akaga kazanwa no gufata inyigisho z’abantu ukazirutisha Ijambo ry’Imana. Yajoraga ibitekerezo bidafite ishingiro by’abigisha kandi akarwanya ubucurabwenge n’iby’iyobokamana byose byari bimaze igihe kirekire biyobora abantu. Yarwanyije izo nyigisho avuga ko uretse no kuba zidafite agaciro ziranangiza. Yagerageje gukura intekerezo z’abamutegaga amatwi ku mitekerereze iyobya y’abacurabwenge n’abigisha iyobokamana maze azerekeza ku kuri guhoraho kwavuzwe n’abahanuzi n’intumwa. II 129.1

Ubutumwa yavugaga bwari bufite agaciro gakomeye ku mbaga y’ababaga bamuteze amatwi bafite amatsiko menshi. Nti bari barigeze kumva inyigisho nk’izo mbere. Inkuru ishimishije y’urukundo rw’Umukiza n’ubwishingizi bwo kubabarirwa no kugira amahoro kubw’amaraso ye akuraho ibyaha, byanejeje imitima yabo kandi bibatera ibyiringiro bihoraho. Umucyo wari umaze kumurika i Wittenberg kandi imirasire yawo yagombaga gukwira mu turere tw’isi twa kure, ndetse kurabagirana kwawo kukiyongera kuzageza ku iherezo ry’ibihe. II 129.2

Nyamara umucyo n’umwijima ntibishobora kumvikana. Hagati y’ukuri n’ikinyoma hari intambara idashobora guhagarikwa. Gukomera kuri kimwe no kugishyigikira ni ugushotora ikindi no kugisenya. Umukiza wacu ubwe yaravuze ati: “Mwe gutekereza ko nazanywe no kuzana amahoro mu isi: sinaje kuzana amahoro, ahubwo naje kuzana inkota.” ⁸¹ Nyuma y’imyaka mike ubugorozi butangiye Luteri yaje kuvuga ati: “Ntabwo Imana inyobora gusa ahubwo iranansunika ngo njye mbere. Iranjyana. Ntabwo nitegeka. Nifuza kwibera mu mahoro ntuje ariko hari imbaraga injyana ikanshyira mu mivurungano hagati no mu ihinduramatwara.” ⁸² Noneho Luteri yari hafi guhatirwa kujya mu ntambara. II 129.3

Itorero ry’i Roma ryagurishaga ubuntu bw’Imana. “Ameza y’abavunjaga” ⁸³ yahoraga ateguwe iruhande rwa za alitari zaryo kandi ahazengurutse hose humvikanaga urusaku rw’abagura n’abagurisha. Kubwo gushaka gukusanya umutungo kugira ngo i Roma hubakwe Kiriziya ya Mutagatifu Petero, Papa yatanze uburenganzira bwo kugurisha imbabazi z’ibyaha ku mugaragaro. Ingoro yo gusengeramo Imana yagombaga kubakwa n’ibiguzi by’imbabazi z’icyaha- ibuye nsanganyarukuta ryashinzwe hakoreshejwe ibiguzi byo gukiranirwa! Nyamara ubwo buryo bwakoreshejwe kugira ngo Roma ihabwe isumbwe, bwahungabanyije cyane imbaraga zayo no gukomera kwayo. Ubwo buryo nibwo bwateye abarwanyaga ubutware bwa papa guhaguruka biyemeje kandi bagamije insinzi, ndetse bishoza urugamba rwanyeganyeje intebe y’ubwami bwa papa ndetse n’ikamba ryo ku mutwe we. II 130.1

Uwatoranyirijwe kuyobora igurishwa ry’imbabazi z’ibyaha mu Budage ni uwitwa Tetzel. Yahamwaga n’ibyaha bikomeye cyane yari yarakoreye abantu ndetse n’amategeko y’Imana. Ariko kuko yari yarabashije gusimbuka igihano cy’ibyo byaha bye, yaje gukoreshwa mu gushyira mu bikorwa imishinga igamije inyungu kandi itagira ikindi yitaho ya Papa. Yavugaga ashize amanga maze akabasubiriramo ibinyoma kandi akavuga imigani mihimbano itangaje kugira ngo ajijishe abantu badasonukiwe n’abatwarwa badasesenguye. Iyo abo bantu bajya kugira Ijambo ry’Imana, ntibajyaga gushukwa bene ako kageni. Ariko bari baranyazwe Bibiliya kugira ngo bagume mu maboko y’ubutegetsi bwa Papa, no kugira ngo ubutware ndetse n’ubutunzi bw’ubwo butegetsi bigwire. ⁸⁴ II 130.2

Igihe Tetzel yinjiraga mu mujyi, hari intumwa yamubanzirizaga ikagenda ivuga iti: “Ubuntu bw’Imana n’ubw’umubyeyi uzira inenge buri ku marembo yanyu.” ⁸⁵ II 130.3

Bityo rubanda rwakiraga uwo watukaga Imana agafatwa nk’aho ari Imana ubwayo ibasanze imanutse iva mu ijuru. Ubwo bucuruzi bubi bwakorerwaga mu rusengero, kandi Tetzel akazamuka ku ruhimbi (aritari), maze akamamaza impapuro zihesha imbabazi z’ibyaha (indurugensiya) nk’impano y’agatangaza itangwa n’Imana. Yavugaga ko kubw’ibyo byemezo bihesha imbabazi yatangaga, ibyaha byose uwaguraga icyo cyemezo yari kuzifuza gukora nyuma y’aho yari kuzabibabarirwa kandi ko no “kwicuza atari ngombwa kubera icyo cyemezo.” ⁸⁶ II 131.1

Ikirenze ibyo, yemezaga abamuteze amatwi ko icyemezo cy’imbabazi z’ibyaha (indurugensiya) kidafite ububasha bwo gukiza abazima gusa ahubwo n’abapfuye; kandi ko iyo amafaranga ageze mu ndiba y’isandugu ye, umwuka w’ubugingo bw’uwo muntu uguriwe imbabazi uhita uva muri purigatori maze ukajya mu ijuru. ⁸⁷ II 131.2

Igihe Simoni Magus wari umupfumu yasabaga intumwa kumugurisha ububasha bwo gukora ibitangaza, Petero yaramusubije ati: “Pfana ifeza yawe, kuko wagize ngo impano y’Imana iboneshwa ifeza.” ⁸⁸ Nyamara abantu uduhumbagiza bakiranaga ibyishimo byinshi ibyo Tetzel yabararikiraga kugura. Izahabu n’ifeza byisukiranyije mu bubiko bwe. Agakiza kagombaga kugurwa amafaranga kabonekaga mu buryo bworoshye cyane kuruta agasaba kwihana, kwizera ndetse no guharanira kurwanya no gutsinda icyaha. II 131.3

Inyigisho zishyigikiye ibyemezo biheshsa imbabazi (indurugensiya) zarwanyijwe mu itorero ry’i Roma n’abantu bize kandi b’inyangamugayo; kandi harimo benshi batizeraga ibyavugwaga byari bihabanye n’imitekerereze itunganye ndetse n’Ibyahishuwe. Nta n’umwe mu bayobozi bakuru mu itorero watinyutse kwamagana ubwo bucuruzi bwanduye, ariko intekerezo z’abantu zari zitangiye kunanirwa no kwivovota ndetse abenshi bibazaga cyane niba Imana itagira abantu bamwe ikoreramo kugira ngo itorero ryayo ritunganywe. II 132.1

Nubwo Luteri yari akiri umuyoboke wa papa wo mu rwego rukomeye, yababajwe cyane n’ibyavugwaga bitukisha Imana by’abo bagurishaga imbabazi z’ibyaha. Abantu benshi bo mu kiriziya yayoboraga bari baramaze kugura ibyo byemezo by’imbabazi, maze bidatinze batangira kujya baza kwicuza ibyaha byabo bitari bimwe ku mushumba wabo bibwira ko bari bubabarirwe bidatewe n’uko bihanaga kandi bakaba bifuza kwivugurura ahubwo bitewe n’icyemezo kibahesha imbabazi (indurugensiya). Luteri yanze kubaha imbabazi ndetse anababurira ababwira ko bazarimbukira mu byaha byabo nibatihana ngo bahindure imibereho yabo. Bagize guhangayika gukomeye maze bahindukirira Tetzel bivovota bavuga ko umupadiri wabo bicuzaho ibyaha yanze ibyemezo bihesha imbabazi yabahaye; bityo bamwe bashira amanga basaba ko basubizwa amafaranga yabo. Tetzel yazabiranyijwe n’uburakari. Yavuze imivumo iteye ubwoba, ategeka ko imiriro icanwa ku karubanda, kandi avuga ko “yahawe uburenganzira na Papa bwo gutwika abazahakana bose bakarwanya inzandiko zera zihesha imbabazi z’ibyaha.” ⁸⁹ II 132.2

Noneho Luteri yinjira mu murimo ashize amanga nk’umuntu urwanirira ukuri. Ijwi rye ryumvikaniye ku ruhimbi mu muburo ukomeye. Yagaragarije abantu imiterere mibi y’icyaha, kandi abigisha ko umuntu atashobora koroshya igishinja giterwa n’icyaha cyangwa ngo acike igihano cy’ibyaha binyuze mu bikorwa bye. Nta kindi kintu icyo ari cyo cyose cyabasha gukiza umunyabyaha uretse kwihana imbere y’Imana no kwizera Yesu Kristo. Ntabwo ubuntu bwa Kristo bubasha kugurwa. Ni impano itangirwa ubuntu. Luteri yagiriye abantu inama ngo be kugura ibyemezo bihesha imbabazi z’ibyaha (indurugensiya), ahubwo yababwiye guhanga amaso Umukiza wabambwe bafite kwizera. Yabatekerereje ibyamubayeho bibabaje ubwo yashakaga kugera ku gakiza akoresheje kwicisha bugufi no kwibabaza ariko bikaba iby’ubusa. Yahamirije ababaga bamuteze amatwi ko icyamuhesheje amahoro n’ibyishimo ari ukureka kwitegaho amakiriro ahubwo akizera Kristo. II 132.3

Uko Tetzel yakomezaga ubucuruzi bwe n’imigambi ye mibi, Luteri nawe yiyemeje kurwanya ashikamye ibyo bikorwa bibi. Bidatinze hari icyabayeho. Kiriziya nini y’i Wittemberg yabagamo imibiri y’abatagatifu n’abazize kwizera kwabo ndetse n’ibindi bikoresho bijyana nabyo byabikwaga kandi bikubahwa nk’urwibutso. Ibyo byerekwaga abantu ku minsi mikuru mitagatifu imwe, maze abantu bose bazaga gusura iyo kiriziya muri icyo gihe bakicuza bagahabwa imbabazi z’ibyaha mu buryo bwuzuye. Kubera iyo minsi kandi abantu bazaga aho ari benshi cyane bavuye imihanda yose. Umunsi umwe ukomeye cyane muri iyo ari wo wari umunsi mukuru w’abatagatifu bose wari wegereje. Ku munsi wawubanjirije Luteri yajyanye n’imbaga y’abantu bari batangiye kuza kuri iyo kiriziya maze amanika ku rugi rwayo urupapuro rwanditsweho ingingo mirongo cyenda n’eshanu zirwanya inyigisho ivuga iby’ibyemezo bihesha imbabazi z’ibyaha (indurugensiya). Yavuze ko yiteguye guzasobanura ashyigikira izo ngingo ku munsi wari gukurikiraho muri kaminuza, akanyomoza abantu bose bari guhangara kuzirwanya. II 133.1

Izo ngingo ze zakuruye intekerezo z’abantu muri rusange. Barazisomye bakongera kuzisoma kandi aho banyuze hose bakagenda bazisubiramo. Habayeho gukanguka gukomeye muri kaminuza ndetse no mu mujyi wose. Izo ngingo shingiro zagaragaje ko ububasha bwo kubabarira ibyaha no gukuraho igihano cyabyo butigeze buhabwa Papa cyangwa undi muntu uwo ari we wese. Iyo gahunda yabo yose yari uburiganya, -abibara nk’uburyo bwo kwaka abantu amafaranga bashingiye ku kwizera kw’abantu kuzuye ubwoba n’ubujiji, akaba ari n’uburyo Satani akoresha kugira ngo arimbure ubugingo bw’abantu bose babasha kwizera ibinyoma bye. Yerekanye neza kandi ko Ubutumwa bwiza bwa Kristo ari bwo butunzi buruta ubundi itorero rifite, kandi ko ubuntu bw’Imana bwahishuriwe muri ubwo butumwa buhererwa ubuntu abantu bose babushakisha kwihana no kwizera. II 133.2

Ingingo shingiro za Luteri zatezaga impaka ariko nta muntu n’umwe watinyutse kuzana ingingo izirwanya. Mu minsi mike ibibazo izo ngingo yatanze zari zimaze gukwira mu gihugu cy’Ubudage cyose, kandi mu byumweru bike gusa zari zimaze kugera aharangaga Ubukristo hose. Abantu benshi bakundaga itorero ry’i Roma bari barabonye kandi bababazwa n’amarorerwa akomeye yari yarahawe icyicaro mu itorero nyamara ntibamenye uko bayahagarika. Basomye izo ngingo bafite ibyishimo byinshi bazibonamo ijwi ry’Imana rizivugiramo. Babonye ko kubw’ubuntu bwe Umukiza yarambuye ukuboko kugira ngo ahagarike amatwara y’ubuhendanyi yakomezaga kwiyongera aturutse i Roma. Ibikomangoma n’abanyamategeko banezerewe mu ibanga ko hari habonetse ikirogoya ubwo butegetsi bwarangwaga n’ubwirasi butemeraga uburenganzira bwo kujuririra imyanzuro bwafashe. II 133.3

Ariko abantu benshi bari barabaswe n’icyaha no kwizera iby’ubupfumu ubwo babonaga ko ibyo bizeraga by’ibinyoma kandi byari byarabamaze ubwoba bishenywe, bagize ubwoba. Indyarya z’abayobozi b’idini zimaze kubona ko zirogowe mu murimo wazo wo guha intebe icyaha kandi babonye inyungu zabo zibangamiwe, bagize uburakari bukabije maze bishyira hamwe kugira ngo bashyigikire inyigisho zabo. Luteri yagize abamurega benshi yagombaga guhangana nabo. Bamwe bamureze guhubuka no gukora atabitekerejeho. Abandi bamurega ko atizera, bakavuga ko atayobowe n’Imana, ahubwo ko yakoreshwaga n’ubwibone no kurarikira. Yarasubizaga ati: ” Ni nde utazi ko bitajya bishoboka ko hari umuntu uzana igitekerezo gishya maze ntagaragare ko afite ubwibone, kandi ntaregwe guteza impaka?...Kuki Kristo n’abahowe kwizera kwabo bose bishwe? Byatewe n’uko basaga n’abirasi basuzugura ubwenge bwariho muri icyo gihe, ndetse n’uko bazanaga amatwara mashya batabanje kwicisha bugufi ngo bagishe abazi ubwenge bwo mu bihe byashize.” II 134.1

Yongeye kuvuga ati: “Ibyo nkora byose bizakorwa, atari kubw’ubushishozi bw’abantu ahubwo ari kubwo inama y’Imana. Niba uyu murimo ari uw’Imana, ni nde uzawuhagarika? Niba atari uwayo, ni nde ubasha kuwukomeza? Si ubushake bwanjye, cyangwa ubwabo, cyangwa ubwacu, ahubwo ni ubwawe Data Wera uri mu ijuru.” ⁹⁰ II 134.2

Nubwo Luteri yari yarahagurukijwe na Mwuka w’Imana kugira ngo atangire umurimo we, ntabwo yabashaga kuwuteza imbere adahuye n’intambara zikomeye. Ibirego by’abanzi be, guharabika imigambi ye, ndetse no gutekereza nabi imico ye n’impamvu yamuhagurukije byamwisutseho nk’umwuzure kandi ntibyaburaga kumugiraho ingaruka. Yari yarumvise afite icyizere cy’uko abayobozi b’abantu haba mu itorero no mu mashuri bazifatanya nawe mu muhati wo kuzana ivugurura. Amagambo yo kumutera ubutwari yavaga ku bari mu myanya yo hejuru mu buyobozi yamuteye ibyishimo amwuzuza n’ibyiringiro. Mu bitekerezo bye yari yaramaze kubona umuseke urabagirana w’itorero. Ariko ya mvugo yo kumutera ubutwari yaje kuvamo kumuveba no kumuciraho iteka. Abanyacyubahiro benshi baba abo mu itorero na leta bari baremeye ko ingingo ze zifite ukuri; ariko bidatinze baza kubona ko kwemera uko kuri byari guteza impinduka zikomeye. Kujijura no kuvugurura abantu byari gushegesha ubutegetsi bw’i Roma, bigahagarika amasoko menshi yisukaga mu butunzi bw’i Roma bityo bigahungabanya imibereho myiza y’abayobozi b’itorero riyoborwa na papa. Byongeye kandi, kwigisha abantu gutekereza no gukora nk’ibiremwa bifite umudendezo, kubigisha guhanga amaso Kristo wenyine kugira ngo babone agakiza byari guhirika intebe y’ubutware bwa Papa ndetse bikaba byasenya n’ubutegetsi bwabo. Kubera iyo mpamvu bahakanye rwose ku mugaragaro ubwenge bahishuriwe n’Imana maze bahitamo kujya mu ruhande rurwanya Kristo n’ukuri bakoresheje kurwanya uwo Imana yari yabatumyeho ngo abamurikire. II 134.3

Luteri yahinze umushyitsi ubwo yibonaga ari we muntu wenyine uhanganye n’ububasha buruta ubundi ku isi. Rimwe na rimwe yajyaga ashidikanya akibaza niba koko yarashorewe n’Imana ngo ahangane n’ubutegetsi bw’itorero. Yaranditse ati: “Nari iki jyewe wo guhangana n’ubutware bwa Papa, uwo abami bo ku isi ndetse n’isi yose bahindira umushyitsi imbere? ...Nta muntu wabasha kumenya uko umutima wanjye wababaye muri iyo myaka ibiri ya mbere, ndetse n’akangaratete no kwiheba naguyemo.” ⁹¹ II 135.1

Nyamara Luteri ntiyaretswe ngo acike intege bikomeye. Igihe ubufasha bw’abantu bwari butakiriho, yakomeje guhanga amaso Imana yonyine maze amenya ko akwiriye kwibera mu mahoro atagira impinduka akishingikiriza kuri kwa kuboko kw’Ishobora byose. II 135.2

Luteri yandikiye umuntu wakundaga ivugurura agira ati: “Ntabwo dushobora kugera aho dusobanukirwa Ibyanditswe kubwo kwiga cyangwa ubwenge. Inshingano yawe ya mbere ni ugutangiza isengesho. Inginga Imana ngo mu mbabazi zayo nyinshi iguhe ubusobanuro nyakuri bw’Ijambo ryayo. Nta wundi musobanuzi w’Ijambo ry’Imana uruta Uwaryandikishije nk’uko ubwe yivugiye ati: ‘Bose bazigishwa n’Imana.’ Ntukagire icyo wiringira cyava mu mirimo yawe no mu myumvire yawe bwite: iringire Imana gusa n’imbaraga ya Mwuka wayo. Iringire ibishingiye ku ijambo ry’uwabinyuzemo.” ⁹² Aha hari icyigisho cy’ingenzi ku bumva ko Imana yabahamagariye kubwira abandi ukuri gukomeye kw’iki gihe. Uko kuri kuzabyutsa urwango rwa Satani n’urw’abantu bakunda ibitekerezo bihimbano byahimbwe na Satani. Mu ntambara barwana n’imbaraga y’umubi, hakenewe ikindi kintu kirenze imbaraga n’ubwenge bya kimuntu. II 135.3

Igihe abanzi be bitabazaga imihango n’imigenzo, cyangwa ibyemezo n’ububasha bya Papa, Luteri yabasubirishaga Bibiliya, Bibiliya yonyine. Muri yo harimo ingingo batabashaga kwisobanuraho bityo ababaswe n’imigenzo n’imihango basakuza basaba ko yicwa nk’uko Abayuda basabiye Kristo gupfa. Abayoboke ba Papa basakuzaga bavuga bati: “Ni umuhakanyi! Byaba ari ukugambanira itorero bikomeye kureka umuhakanyi uteye ubwoba akabaho n’ubwo yaba isaha imwe! Nimuhite mushinga urumambo rwo kumumanikaho!” ⁹³ II 136.1

Ariko ntabwo yishwe bitewe n’ubwo burakari bwabo bukaze. Imana yari imuteganyirije umurimo agomba gukora, bityo yohererezwa abamarayika bo mu ijuru ngo bamurinde. Nyamara, abantu benshi bari barakiriye umucyo w’agatangaza bawugejejweho na Luteri bagezweho n’umujinya wa Satani kandi bagerwaho no gutotezwa n’urupfu rw’agashinyaguro badatinya kubwo gukunda ukuri. II 136.2

Inyigisho za Luteri zakuruye intekerezo z’abantu benshi bashishoza mu Budage hose. Imirasire y’umucyo yaturukaga mu bibwirizwa bye no mu nyandiko ze yakanguye kandi imurikira abantu ibihumbi byinshi. Ukwizera kuzima kwasimburaga imigenzo n’imihango igaragara inyuma itorero ryari rimazemo igihe kirekire. Uko bwacyaga bukira niko abantu barushagaho kutizera inyigisho zidahamye z’itorero ry’i Roma. Inzitizi z’urwikekwe zavagaho. Ijambo ry’Imana Luteri yashingiragaho agenzura inyigisho yose n’ikivugwa cyose ryari nk’inkota ityaye amugi yombi, rikagenda rikahuranya imitima y’abantu. Byagaragaraga ko ahantu hose hatutumba icyifuzo cy’iterambere mu bya Mwuka. Abantu hose bari bafite inzara n’inyota byo gutungana batari barigeze bagira mu bihe byashize. Abantu benshi bari bamaze imyaka myinshi bahanze amaso yabo imihango n’abahuza b’abantu, noneho barahindukiye batumbira Kristo wabambwe bafite kwihana no kwizera. II 136.3

Uko gukanguka kwakwiriye hose kwakanguye ubwoba bw’abayobozi b’itorero riyoborwa na Papa. Luteri yahamagariwe kwitaba i Roma kugira ngo asubize ikirego yarezwe cy’ubuyobe. Uko guhamagarwa kwateye incuti ze ubwoba. Bari bazi neza akaga kamutegereje muri uwo mujyi wirunduriye mu bibi kandi wari warasinze amaraso y’abahowe kwizera Yesu. Barwanyije ko yajya i Roma maze basaba ko yacirirwa urubanza mu Budage. II 137.1

Uko gusaba kwaje kwemerwa maze intumwa ya Papa yoherezwa kujya gukurikirana urwo rubanza. Mu mabwiriza Papa yahaye iyi ntumwa harimo ko byamaze kwemezwa ko Luteri ari umuhakanyi. Kubw’ibyo iyo ntumwa yategetswe guhita amukurikirana kandi akamucecekesha. Iyo yajyaga gukomeza kwihagararaho kandi iyo ntumwa ya Papa ntibashe kumufata, yari yahawe ububasha bwo kumugira igicibwa mu Budage hose; akamuca, akamuvuma kandi n’abifatanyije na we bose bagacibwa.” ⁹⁴ Ikigeretse kuri ibyo, kugira ngo ubuyobe burandurwe burundu, Papa yategetse intumwa ye guca abantu bose bakwirengagiza gufata Luteri n’abayoboke be, ntiyite ku cyubahiro icyo ari cyo cyose baba bafite mu itorero cyangwa mu butegetsi bwa Leta, uretse umwami w’abami wenyine. Abantu nk’abo akaba yaragombaga kubatanga bagahanwa na Roma. II 137.2

Aha rero niho hagaragarira umwuka nyakuri w’ubupapa. Nta kimenyetso na gito kiranga ihame ry’ubukristo cyangwa icy’ubutabera busanzwe cyagaragaraga muri iyi nyandiko uko yakabaye. Luteri yari kure y’i Roma; nta mahirwe yari yarigeze ahabwa yo kwisobanura cyangwa kuburanira uruhande yari ahagazemo; nyamara mbere y’uko ibye bikurikiranwa, yari yaramaze kugirwa umuntu wayobye, kandi muri uwo munsi, aramaganwa, araregwa, acirwa urubanza, akatirwa ibihano kandi ibyo bikorwa byose abikorerwa n’uwiyitaga umubyeyi uzira inenge, uruta abandi wenyine, umutware utibeshya mu itorero cyangwa muri Leta! II 137.3

Muri icyo gihe ubwo Luteri yari akeneye cyane kwitabwaho ndetse n’inama z’incuti nyakuri, Imana mu buntu bwayo yohereje Melanchthon aza i Wittenberg. Yari akiri muto, akicisha bugufi, agacisha make mu mikorere ye. Gutekereza neza kwa Melanchthon, ubuhanga bwe buhanitse ndetse no kuba intyoza kwe bikomatanye no kugira imico itunganye byatumye abantu muri rusange bamwemera kandi baramwubaha. Ntabwo ubuhanga bwe bukomeye bwagaragaraga cyane nko kwiyoroshya kwe. Bidatinze yaje guhinduka umuyoboke ubishishikariye w’ubutumwa bwiza, aba n’incuti magara ya Luteri ndetse n’umushyigikiye w’agaciro kenshi bityo kwitonda kwe, ubugwaneza n’ubushishozi bye bikuzuza ubutwari n’umurava bya Luteri. Gufatanya kwabo mu murimo byongeye imbaraga Ubugorozi kandi byabereye Luteri isoko y’ubutwari bukomeye. II 138.1

Umujyi wa Augsburg ni wo wari waratoranyijwe ngo ube ahantu Luteri yagombaga gucirirwamo urubanza, bityo agenda n’amaguru yerekeza muri uwo mujyi. Abantu bamugiriye ubwoba cyane. Byari byaravuzwe ku mugaragaro ko azafatirwa mu nzira akicwa, bityo incuti ze zimwingigira kutishyira mu kaga. Bamusabye no kuba avuye i Wittenberg mu gihe runaka maze akajya kwibera ahantu hatuje hamwe n’abifuzaga kumurinda. Ariko ntiyigeze yemera kuva mu mwanya Imana yari yaramushyizemo. Yagombaga gukomeza gushikama ku kuri adakebakeba atitaye ku miraba yamwisukagaho. Yaravuze ati: “Meze nka Yeremiya, umuntu uteza amakimbirane no gutandukana; ariko uko ibikangisho byabo birushaho kwiyongera ni ko n’ibyishimo byanjye byiyongera. . . Bamaze gukuraho icyubahiro cyanjye no kumenyekana kwanjye. Icyo nsigaranye ni kimwe gusa; ni umubiri wanjye w’impezamajyo: Nawo nibawutware; bityo ubuzima bwanjye bazabugira bugufi mu masaha make gusa. Ariko ubugingo bwanjye bwo ntibashobora kubushyikira. Umuntu wifuza kubwira ijambo rya Kristo abatuye isi, agomba guhora yiteguye gupfa igihe icyo ari cyo cyose.” ⁹⁵ II 138.2

Inkuru z’uko Luteri yageze Augsburg yashimishije cyane intumwa ya Papa. Uwitwaga umuyobe wababujije amahwemo agahagurutsa isi yose noneho yasaga n’uri mu maboko y’ubushobozi bwa Roma bityo intumwa ya Papa yiyemeza ko adakwiriye kumuva mu maboko. Umugorozi Luteri yari yarananiwe kwishakira urwandiko rw’inzira rumurinda. Incuti ze zamusabye kutajya imbere y’intumwa ya Papa adafite urwandiko rw’inzira maze izo ncuti ubwazo zifata gahunda yo kurumusabira umwami w’abami. Intumwa ya Papa yari yagambiriye ko bishobotse yahatira Luteri kwisubiraho kandi bitashoboka igatuma ajyanwa i Roma kugira ngo agenzwe nk’uko Huse na Yoramu bagenjwe. Nicyo cyatumye iyo ntumwa yifashisha abakozi bayo, yashishikariye gushuka Luteri ngo amwitabe atitwaje urwandiko rw’inzira amwiringiza ko amufitiye impuhwe. Luteri yanze rwose gukora atyo. Ntiyashoboraga kujya kwitaba intumwa ya Papa atarabona urwandiko rumusezeranya ko arinzwe n’umwami w’abami. II 139.1

Abayobozi b’itorero ry’i Roma bari biyemeje kugerageza kwigarurira Luteri bakoresheje kumugaragariza ubugwaneza. Mu kiganiro yagiranye na we, ya ntumwa ya Papa yagaragaje ko amufitiye urukundo rutangaje, ariko isaba Luteri ko yumvira ibyo ubutegetsi bw’itorero bumubwira atazuyaje kandi akemera buri ngingo yose nta gitekerezo na kimwe atanze cyangwa ngo agire ikibazo abaza. Mu gukora atyo, intumwa ya Papa yari yibeshye ku mico y’umuntu yavuganaga nawe. Mu gisubizo cya Luteri, yagaragaje uko yubaha itorero, uko yifuza ukuri, uko yiteguye kwisobanura kubyo aregwa byerekeranye n’inyigisho yigishije ndetse no gushyikiriza amahame za kaminuza zimwe zikomeye ngo ziyafatire icyemezo. Ariko muri uwo mwanya kandi yanenze cyane imikorere y’uwo mukaridinali wari watumwe na Papa wamusabaga kwisubiraho atabanje kumwereka ikosa rye. II 139.2

Igisubizo cyonyine yahawe ni iki ngo: “Isubireho, isubireho!” Umugorozi Luteri yerekanye ko uruhande arimo rushyigikiwe na Bibiliya kandi avuga ashikamye ko atabasha kureka ukuri. Ya ntumwa ya Papa ibonye idashoboye kwisobanura ku ngingo zivuzwe na Luteri, yamucecekesheje amucyaha, amukankamira kandi akanamushyeshyenga avangamo amagambo akuye mu miziririzo n’ibyavuzwe n’Abapadiri bakuru ntiyigere aha Luteri umwanya wo kuvuga. Luteri abonye ko icyo kiganiro nigikomeza gityo kiri bube impfabusa, amaherezo yasabye uburenganzira bwo gutanga igisubizo cye mu nyandiko. II 139.3

Ubwo Luteri yandikiraga incuti ye yaravuze ati: “Mu gukora ntyo, urenganywa yunguka mu buryo bubiri: ubwa mbere ibyanditswe bibasha gushyirwa imbere y’abandi nabo bakagira icyo babivugaho. Icya kabiri, umuntu agira amahirwe yo gutsinda ubwoba, ndetse no kugera ku mutimanama w’umunyagitugu wirata kandi uvuga nabi wabashaga kumurusha ubushobozi akoresheje imvugo ye y’ubwirasi.” ⁹⁶ II 140.1

Ku munsi w’ikiganiro-mpaka wakurikiyeho, Luteri yavuze ibitekerezo bye mu buryo bwumvikana neza, bwahuranyije kandi burimo imbaraga kandi akabishyigikiza amagambo yakuye mu Byanditswe byera. Amaze gusoma urwo rupapuro aranguruye, yaruhereje uwo mukaridinali nyamara we arujugunya hasi n’umujinya mwinshi, avuga ko rwuzuyemo amagambo y’amanjwe ndetse n’ibyo yakuye ahandi bidafite ireme. Noneho Luteri yarahagurutse avugana n’uwo muyobozi mukuru w’idini w’umwibone, avuga ku migenzo n’inyigisho by’itorero kandi asenya rwose ibyo uwo muyobozi yishingikirizagaho. II 140.2

Uwo muyobozi mukuru abonye ko imitekerereze ya Luteri itabasha kugishwa impaka, ni uko abuze uko yifata avugana uburakari bwinshi cyane ati: “Isubireho! Niba utabikoze ndakohereza i Roma ujye kwitaba abacamanza bashyiriweho kurangiza urubanza rwawe. Ndaguca wowe ubwawe n’abakuyobotse bose, ndetse n’abantu bose bazagushyigikira igihe icyo ari cyo cyose bazacibwa mu itorero.” Yarangije avugana ubwibone n’uburakari ati; “Isubireho cyangwa we kuzongera kugaruka imbere yanjye.” ⁹⁷ II 140.3

Luteri n’incuti ze bahise bava aho, muri ubwo buryo agaragaza yeruye ko atitezweho kwisubiraho. Ibi ntabwo ari byo uwo mukaridinali yari yaragambiriye. Yari yishutse ko kubwo gukoresha igitugu ari bubashe gukangisha Luteri maze akisubiraho. Noneho yari asigaranye n’abari bamushyigikiye gusa maze akajya abarebana agahinda kenshi atewe no kutagera ku migambi ye bimutunguye. II 141.1

Umuhati Luteri yakoresheje icyo gihe ntiwabuze kugira ingaruka zishimishije. Inteko y’abantu bari bateraniye aho bashoboye kugereranya abo bagabo bombi no kwifatira umwanzuro ku mwuka buri wese yagaragaje ndetse n’imbaraga n’ukuri k’uruhande rwa buri wese. Mbega uburyo itandukaniro ryari rinini! Luteri yari umuntu woroheje, wicishije bugufi, ushikamye, wahagaze afite imbaraga y’Imana n’ukuri mu ruhande rwe. Intumwa ya Papa yo yari yuzuye kwiyumvamo icyubahiro, kwishyira hejuru, ifite ubwibone, udashyira mu gaciro, kandi nta n’ingingo n’imwe yavugaga ayikuye mu Byanditswe Byera, nyamara akavugana ubukana asakuza ati: “Isubireho, cyangwa woherezwe i Roma ujye guhanwa!” II 141.2

Nubwo Luteri yari yashoboye kubona urwandiko rw’inzira ahawe n’umwami w’abami, abakomeye ku itorero ry’i Roma bacuraga umugambi mubisha wo kumufata ngo bamufunge. Incuti ze zibonye ko bitakiri ngombwa kongera igihe cyo kuguma aho zamusabye ko akwiriye gusubira i Wittenberg bidatinze kandi ko hakwiye kuba ubushishozi ngo iyo migambi ye itamenyekana. Kubw’ibyo yavuye i Augsburg mu rukerera izuba ritararasa, agenda ku ifarashi aherekezwa gusa n’uwo kumuyobora umucamanza yari yamuhaye. Yari afite ubwoba bw’ibyamubaho, agenda mu ibanga aca mu tuyira twijimye kandi dutuje two muri uwo mujyi. Abanzi be b’abagome babaga bari maso bacura imigambi yo kumwica. Mbese yabashaga gusimbuka imitego bamuteze? Byari ibihe by’akababaro gakomeye no gusenga cyane. Yageze ku rugi ruto rw’icyanzu cy’uruzitiro rw’umujyi, we n’uwari umuyoboye bakinguriwe urwo rugi maze bacamo barasohoka nta mbogamizi. Bamaze kugera hanze aho bari bafite umudendezo, barirutse cyane ku buryo ya ntumwa ya papa yamenye ko Luteri yagiye yamaze kugera aho abamuhigaga batabasha kugera. Satani n’abakozi be baratsinzwe. Umuntu bibwiraga ko ari mu maboko yabo yari yamaze kugenda, yacitse nk’inyoni icitse umutego. II 141.3

Intumwa ya Papa imaze kumenya ko Luteri yabacitse yarumiwe kandi azabiranywa n’uburakari. Yari yiteze ko azahabwa icyubahiro gikomeye kubw’ubucakura no kwiyemeza yakoresheje akemura ikibazo cy’uwo wajujubije itorero; ariko ibyiringiro bye byabaye iby’ubusa. Uburakari bwe yabugaragarije mu ibaruwa yandikiye Ferederiko wari igikomangoma cy’i Saxony arwanya Luteri cyane kandi asaba ko Ferederiko yamwohereza i Roma cyangwa akamuca i Saxony. II 142.1

Mu kwisobanura, Luteri yasabye ko intumwa ya Papa cyangwa Papa ubwe berekena mu Byanditswe ikosa yaba afite; kandi arahira akomeje ko yiteguye kureka inyigisho ze mu gihe zigaragajwe ko zivuguruza Ijambo ry’Imana. Yanashimiye Imana kuba yarabonye ko bimukwiriye kurenganywa kubw’umurimo muziranenge. II 142.2

Ferederiko wari igikomangoma cy’i Saxony ntabwo yari asobanukiwe neza n’inyigisho zivuguruye, ariko yari yaranyuzwe cyane n’ubutungane, imbaraga no kumvikana kw’amagambo ya Luteri, kandi yiyemeza kumurinda kugeza ubwo kugeza ubwo bazagaragaza ko Luteri ari mu makosa. Ubwo yasubizaga kubyo iyo ntumwa ya Papa yasabaga, Ferederiko yaranditse ati: “‘Kuva Dogiteri Martin Luteri yarakwitabye i Augsburg, wagombye kunyurwa. Ntabwo twari twiteze ko ushishikazwa no gutuma yisubiraho utabanje kumwemeza amakosa ye. Nta muntu n’umwe wo mu ntiti zo mu ntara yacu wigeze amenyesha ko inyigisho za Martin zisuzuguza Imana, ko zirwanya ubukristo cyangwa ko ari iz’ubuhakanyi.’ Ikindi kandi icyo gikomangoma cyanze kohereza Luteri i Roma cyangwa kumwirukana mu ntara gitegeka.” ⁹⁸ II 142.3

Igikomangoma Ferederiko yabonye ko muri rusange, mu bantu hariho ukwicwa kw’amabwiriza y’imico-mbonera. Umurimo ukomeye w’ivugurura wari ukenewe. Uburyo bukomeye kandi buhenze bwakoreshwa bwose kugira ngo bahagarike kandi bahane ubwigomeke ntacyo byajyaga kugeraho keretse gusa abantu bazirikanye kandi bakumvira ibyo Imana ibasaba ndetse n’amabwiriza y’uwamurikiwe nayo. Ferederiko yabonaga ko Luteri akora kugira ngo abageze kuri iyo ntego bityo yishima rwihishwa ashimishijwe n’uko hari impinduka nziza yigaragaza mu itorero. II 143.1

Yabonye kandi ko Luteri wari umwigisha muri Kaminuza hari ibikomeye yagezeho. Hari hashize umwaka umwe gusa Luteri amanitse amahame shingiro ye kuri kiriziya ngari, ariko hari harabayeho kugabanyuka gukomeye kw’umubare w’abagenzi bazaga gusura iyo kiriziya ku munsi w’abatagatifu bose. Roma yari yarabuze abaza kuramya ndetse n’amaturo, nyamara umwanya wabo wagiwemo n’irindi tsinda ryabazaga i Wittenburg, bataje nk’abagenzi baje kuramya abatagatifu, ahubwo babaga ari abanyeshuri baje kuzura amashuri yaho. Hirya no hino inyandiko za Luteri zari zarakanguriye abantu gusoma Ibyanditswe Byera, kandi abanyeshuri bazaga kuri Kaminuza badaturutse mu ntara zose z’Ubudage gusa ahubwo bavuye no mu bindi bihugu. Abasore bazaga bakabona umujyi wa Wittemberg ubwa mbere, “bazamuraga amaboko yabo bakayerekeza mu ijuru maze bagashimira Imana kuba yaratumye umucyo w’ukuri umurika uturutse muri uwo mujyi nk’uko mu bihe bya kera waturukaga i Siyoni ugakwira no mu bihugu bya kure cyane.” ⁹⁹ II 143.2

Kugeza icyo gihe Luteri yari yaritandukanyije n’amakosa y’itorero ry’i Roma by’igice. Ariko uko yagereranyaga Ibyanditswe Byera n’amategeko n’amateka yashyizweho na papa, yarushagaho gutangara. Yanditse agira ati: “Ubu ndi gusoma amategeko ya Papa,...Ntabwo nzi niba Papa atari we urwanya Kristo (antikristo) cyangwa niba ari intumwa ye, kuko ayo mategeko abambisha Kristo kandi akamugaragaza uko atari.” ¹⁰⁰ Nyamara, kugeza icyo gihe Luteri yari agishyigikiye itorero Gatolika ry’i Roma, kandi nta gitekerezo cyo kwitandukanya naryo yari afite. II 143.3

Inyandiko z’umugorozi Luteri ndetse n’inyigisho ze byakwiraga mu bihugu byose birangwamo ubukristo. Umurimo we wakwiriye mu Busuwisi n’Ubuholandi. Amakopi y’inyandiko ze yagejejwe mu Bufaransa no muri Esipanye. Mu Bwongereza ho bakiriye inyigisho ze nk’ijambo ry’ubugingo. Mu Bubiligi no mu Butariyani na ho hakwiriye uko kuri. Abantu ibihumbi byinshi barakangukaga bakava mu iroro rimeze nk’urupfu bakinjira mu byishimo n’ibyiringiro byo kugira imibereho yo kwizera. II 144.1

Roma yarushijeho guhangayikishwa n’ibitero bya Luteri, bityo bamwe mu bamurwanyaga n’ishyaka ryinshi ndetse n’intiti zigishaga muri kaminuza z’itorero Gatolika ziza gutangaza ko umuntu uzabasha kwica uwo mupadiri wigometse nta cyaha azabarwaho. Umunsi umwe, umuntu utazwi wari witwaje imbunda ntoya ayihishe mu mwambaro we yegereye Luteri maze amubaza impamvu agenda wenyine. Luteri aramusubiza ati: “Ndi mu maboko y’Imana, ni Yo mbaraga zanjye n’ingabo inkingira. Umuntu yabasha kuntwara iki?” ¹⁰¹ II 144.2

Wa muntu yumvise ayo magambo yagize ubwoba bwinshi maze ahunga nk’uwari imbere y’abamarayika bo mu ijuru. II 144.3

Roma yari ishishikajwe no kwica Luteri, ariko Imana ni yo yamurindaga. Inyigisho ze zumvikanaga ahantu hose- haba mu ngo z’aboroheje, iz’abakomeye, mu bigo by’abihaye Imana,...muri za kaminuza ndetse no mu ngoro z’abami;” kandi hirya no hino abantu b’abanyacyubahiro barahagurukaga kugira ngo bamushyigikire. ¹⁰² II 144.4

Muri icyo gihe ubwo Luteri yasomaga ibyo Huse yanditse,ni bwo yavumbuye ko ukuri gukomeye ko kugirwa intungane kubwo kwizera we ubwe yashakaga kwerereza no kwigisha, kwari kwarakomeweho n’umugorozi w’i Boheme (Huse). Luteri yaravuze ati: “Twese, yaba Pawulo, Augustine na njye ubwanjye, twabaye abayoboke ba Huse tutabizi!” Yakomeje agira ati: “Imana Izamenyesha abatuye isi bose ko babwirijwe ukuri hakaba hashize ikinyejana, nyamara bakaba baragutwitse!” ¹⁰³ II 145.1

Mu byo yamenyesheje umwami w’abami n’abatware bo mu Budage ashyigikira ivugururwa mu Bukristo, Luteri yanditse ibya Papa agira ati: “Ni ikintu kibabaje cyane kubona umuntu wiyita umusimbura wa Kristo yigaragazaho gukomera n’icyubahiro bitagirwa n’umwami w’abami uwo ari we wese. Mbese ibyo niko gusa na Yesu wari umukene cyangwa na Petero wicishaga bugufi? Bavuga ko ari umutware w’isi! Nyamara Kristo uwo Papa yiyitirira kuba umusimbura we, yarivugiye ati: “Ubwami bwanjye si ubw’iy’isi.” None se ubutware bw’umusimbura bushobora kuruta ubwa shebuja?” ¹⁰⁴ II 145.2

Yanditse ibya za kaminuza atya ati: “Ndatinya cyane ko za kaminuza zazaba imiryango ya gihenomu nibaramuka badakoranye umuhati mu gusobanura Ibyanditswe Byera ndetse no kubishimangira mu mitima y’abasore. Ntanze inama ko nta muntu ukwiriye gushyira umwana we ahantu Ibyanditswe Byera bidafite intebe. Ikigo cyose abantu badahugira mu Ijambo ry’Imana ubudatuza nta cyakibuza kwigarurirwa n’ikibi.” ¹⁰⁵ II 145.3

Ayo magambo yakwirakwiye byihuse mu Budage kandi ateza impinduka ikomeye mu bantu. Igihugu cyose cyarakangutse maze imbaga y’abantu ihagurutswa no gushyigikira iby’ubugorozi. Abanzi ba Luteri, bari bafite ishyushyu rikomeye ryo kwihorera, basabye Papa kumufatira ingamba ntakuka. Hatanzwe itegeko rivuga ko inyigisho ze zikwiriye guhita zicibwa. Luteri n’abayoboke be bahawe iminsi mirongo itandatu yo kwisubiraho, batabikora, nyuma y’iyo minsi bagacibwa mu itorero. II 146.1

Ubugorozi bwari bugeze mu gihe gikomeye cyane. Mu myaka amagana menshi iteka rya Papa ryo guca umuntu mu itorero ryateraga ubwoba bwinshi n’ibikomangoma bikomeye. Iryo teka ryari ryarujuje umuvumo ubwami bukomeye. Abagerwagaho no gucibwaho iteka na Roma, muri rusange abantu babarebanaga ubwoba. Babuzwaga kuvugana na bagenzi babo kandi bagafatwa nk’abadafite uburenganzira bwo kurengerwa n’amategeko, bagomba guhigwa kugira ngo bicwe. Luteri ntiyari ayobewe akaga kari kamutegereje; ariko yarashikamye, yiringira ko Kristo ari we uzamukomeza kandi akamubera ingabo imukingira. Mu kwizera n’ubutwari by’abahorwaga kwizera kwabo, Luteri yaranditse ati: “Ntabwo nzi ibyenda kubaho, nta n’ubwo nitaye ku kubimenya...Reka ibiba bibe uko bishaka, njye nta bwoba mfite. Dore n’ikibabi cy’igiti ntikigwa hasi Data atabishaka. None se twe azatwitaho bingana iki! . . . Ni iby’agaciro gakomeye kuzira Jambo kuko Jambo uwo wemeye guhinduka umuntu na we ubwe yarapfuye. Niba dupfana na we, tuzabana na we, kandi nitunyura mu byo yanyuzemo mbere yacu, tuzaba aho ari ndetse tuzabana nawe ubuziraherezo.” ¹⁰⁶ II 146.2

Ubwo iteka ryaciwe na Papa ryageraga kuri Luteri, yaravuze ati: “Iryo tegeko ndarihinyuye, kandi nzanarirwanya, kuko ritubahiriza Imana, ndetse ni ibinyoma. . . Kristo ubwe ni we ucirwaho iteka muri iryo tegeko... Nishimiye kugerwaho n’ibyo bibi nzira umurimo urusha indi yose kuba mwiza. Ndumva mfite umudendezo ukomeye mu mutima wanjye kuko noneho nzi ko Papa ari antikristo kandi ko intebe ye y’ubwami ari intebe ya Satani ubwe.” ¹⁰⁷ II 146.3

Nyamara rya tegeko ry’i Roma ryari rifite ububasha. Gushyira abantu muri gereza, kwicisha urubozo n’inkota ni byo byari intwaro ya Roma yo guhatira abantu kuyumvira. Abanyantege nke n’abanyabwoba batengurirwaga imbere y’iteka rya Papa, kandi nubwo muri rusange abantu bagiriraga Luteri impuhwe, benshi babonaga ko bidakwiriye guhara amagara yabo bazira kugorora itorero. Ibintu byose byasaga n’ibyerekana ko umurimo wa Luteri ugiye kurangira. II 147.1

Nubwo byari bimeze bityo, Luteri yari ataragira ubwoba. Roma yari yaramuciye kandi abatuye isi bari bategereje ko yicwa cyangwa agahatirwa kwisubiraho. Ariko mu mbaraga ikomeye, Luteri yabwiye Roma ko ari yo iciriweho iteka kandi avugira ku mugaragaro ko yiyemeje gutandukana nayo by’iteka. Luteri afata inyandiko z’amategeko y’idini n’iryo tangazo rimuca mu itorero ndetse n’izindi nyandiko zishyigikira ubutegetsi bwa Papa maze abitwikira mu ruhame rw’imbaga y’abanyeshuri, intiti zigisha muri kaminuza ndetse na rubanda rwo mu nzego zose. Yaravuze ati: “Kubwo gutwika ibitabo byanjye, abanzi banjye babashije gutesha agaciro umurimo w’ukuri mu ntekerezo za rubanda kandi barimbura imitima yabo. None kubera iyo mpamvu nanjye ntwitse ibitabo byabo. Urugamba rukaze rwamaze gutangira. Kugeza none icyo nakoze kwari ugukina na papa gusa. Natangiye uyu murimo mu izina ry’Imana, kandi uzarangira ntahari ahubwo uzarangizwa n’imbaraga zayo.” ¹⁰⁸ II 147.2

Ku magambo yo kunnyega yavuzwe n’abanzi be bamukwenaga ndetse n’intege nke ziri mu murimo we, Luteri yarashubije ati: “Ni nde uzi niba Imana yarantoranyije kandi ikampamagara? Basuzugura Imana ubwayo. Mose yari wenyine ubwo bavaga mu Misiri, Eliya yari wenyine mu ngoma y’umwami Ahabu, Yesaya nawe yari wenyine muri Yerusalemu na Ezekeli yari wenyine muri Babuloni...Ntabwo Imana yigeze itoranya umutambyi mukuru cyangwa undi muntu ukomeye ngo babe abahanuzi. Ahubwo yatoranyije abantu baciye bugufi kandi b’insuzugurwa, ndetse rimwe yatoranyije Amosi wari umushumba. Mu bihe byose byabayeho, intungane zagiye zihara amagara yazo maze zigacyaha abakomeye, abami, ibikomangoma, abatambyi ndetse n’abanyabwenge. . .Ntabwo mvuga ko ndi umuhanuzi, ahubwo ndavuga ko bakwiriye gutinya babitewe gusa n’uko ndi umwe bo bakaba ari benshi. Ibi mbizi neza ko Ijambo ry’Imana riri kumwe nanjye kandi ko ritari kumwe nabo.” ¹⁰⁹ II 147.3

Nyamara ntabwo Luteri yafashe umwanzuro wo kwitandikanya burundu n’itorero nta rugamba rukomeye arwanye n’intekerezo ze. Muri icyo gihe niho yanditse ati: “Buri munsi ndushaho kumva uko bikomeye ibyo umuntu yatojwe kugenderamo akiri umwana. Nubwo ku ruhande rwanjye nari mfite Ibyanditswe, mbega uburyo byanteye umubabaro mwinshi kwiyumvisha ko nkwiriye guhangara guhagarara njyenyine nkarwanya Papa kandi nkavuga ko ari antikristo! Mbega imibabaro umutima wanjye wagize utari warigeze ugira! Mbega uburyo incuro nyinshi ntabuze kujya nibaza iki kibazo mbabaye, ari nacyo akenshi abayoboke ba Papa bambazaga bati: ‘Mbese ni wowe munyabwenge wenyine?’ Mbese abandi bose bamaze iki icyo gihe cyose bari mu buyobe? None se amaherezo niba ari wowe wibeshya kandi ukaba uri gushora abantu benshi mu buyobe bwawe maze amaherezo bakazazimira by’iteka?’ Uko ni ko narwanaga n’ibitekerezo byanjye ndetse na Satani kugeza igihe Kristo, kubw’ijambo rye ritibeshya, yakomeje umutima wanjye imbere y’uko gushidikanya.” ¹¹⁰ II 148.1

Papa yari yarakangishije Luteri ko natisubiraho azacibwa mu itorero maze noneho icyo gihano gishyirwa mu bikorwa. Hasohotse irindi tangazo rivuga ko Luteri yitandukanyije n’itorero ry’i Roma ubuheruka. Iryo tangazo ryaramurwanyaga rikavuga ko yavumwe n’Ijuru kandi ko iteka aciriwe rireba n’abantu bose bashobora kwakira inyigisho ze. Urugamba rukomeye rwari rwaratangiye rwose. II 148.2

Kurwanywa niwo mugabane w’abantu bose Imana igenda ikoresha kugira ngo bageze ukuri kwihariye kureba abo mu bihe byabo. Mu gihe cya Luteri hari hariho ukuri kw’ingenzi kugenewe ab’icyo gihe. Muri iki gihe naho, hari ukuri kugenewe itorero. Imana yo ikora ibintu byose ikurikije ubushake bwayo, yagiye inezezwa no gucisha abantu mu bintu bitandukanye ndetse no kubaha inshingano zihariye zirebana n’igihe barimo n’imibereho bafite. Nibaha agaciro umucyo bahawe, bazabona imbere yabo ukuri kurushaho gusobanuka. Nyamara muri iki gihe, abantu benshi ntibacyifuza ukuri kuruta uko byari biri ku bayoboke ba Papa barwanyaga Luteri. Nyamara nk’uko byabaye mu bihe bya kera, haracyariho wa mwuka wo kwemera inyigisho n’imigenzo by’abantu mu mwanya wo kwemera Ijambo ry’Imana. Abantu bigisha ukuri gukwiriye iki gihe ntibagomba kwitega ko bazakirwa neza kuruta uko byagendekeye abagorozi bo mu bihe byashize. II 148.3

Intambara ikomeye hagati y’ukuri n’ikinyoma, hagati ya Kristo na Satani izarushaho gukaza umurego kugeza ku iherezo ry’amateka y’isi. II 149.1

Yesu yabwiye abigishwa be ati: “Iyo muba ab’isi, ab’isi baba babakunze: ariko kuko mutari ab’isi, ahubwo nabatoranyije mu b’isi, ni cyo gituma ab’isi babanga. Mwibuke ijambo nababwiye nti: ‘Umugaragu ntaruta shebuja.’ Niba bandenganyije, namwe bazabarenganya, niba bitondeye ijambo ryanjye, n’iryanyu naryo bazaryitondera.” Yohana 15:19, 20. Ku rundi ruhande naho, Umwami wacu yavuze yeruye ati: “Muzabona ishyano abantu nibabavuga neza; kuko ari ko ba sekuruza banyu bagenje abahanuzi b’ibinyoma.” Luka 6:26. II 149.2

Muri iyi minsi, umwuka w’ab’isi ntugihuje n’umwuka wa Kristo kuruta uko byari bimeze mu bihe bya kera, kandi ababwiriza Ijambo ry’Imana batarigoretse muri iki gihe, ntibashobora kuzakiranwa ineza iruta iyagiriwe aba kera. Uburyo bwo kurwanya ukuri bushobora guhindura isura, urwango rushobora kuba rutagaragara cyane bitewe n’uko ruhishwe cyane, ariko kurwanywa biracyariho kandi bizakomeza kubaho kugeza ku iherezo ry’ibihe. II 149.3

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