Thayer's Greek Lexicon

συνοδεύω — σώφρων

συνοδεύω

(4922) συνοδεύω; to journey with, travel in company with: with a dative of the person, Acts 9:7. (Herodian , 4, 7, 11 (6 edition, Bekker), Lucian , Plutarch , others; Wis. 6:25.)

(4923) συνοδία, συνοδίας, ἡ (σύνοδος), a journey in company; by metonymy, a company of travelers, associates on a journey, a caravan (A. V. company): Luke 2:44. (Strabo , Plutarch (Epictetus , Josephus ; ξυνοδεια, Genesis 37:25 manuscript Venet. equivalent to family, Nehemiah 7:5, Nehemiah 7:64, the Sept. ), others.)

συνοικέω

(4924) συνοικέω, συνοίκω; to dwell together (Vulg. cohabito ): of the domestic association and intercourse of husband and wife, 1 Peter 3:7; for many examples of this use, see Passow , under the word, 1; (Liddell and Scott, under the word, I. 2).

συνοικοδομέω

(4925) συνοικοδομέω, συνοικοδόμω: present passive, συνοικοδομοῦμαι; (Vulg. coaedifico ); to build together i. e.

a. to build together or with others (1 Esdr. 5:65 (66)).

b. to put together or construct by building, out of several things to build up one whole (οἰκία εὖ συνωκοδομημενη καί συνηρμοσμενη, of the human body, Philo de praem. et poen. § 20): Ephesians 2:22. (Besides, in Thucydides , Diodorus , Dio Cassius , Plutarch .)

συνομιλέω

(4926) συνομιλέω, συνομίλω; to talk with: τίνι, one, Acts 10:27. (to hold conversation with (Cebes () tab. 13; Josephus , b. j. 5, 13, 1), Epiphanius , Tzetzes .)

συνομορέω

(4927) συνομορέω, συνομόρω; (συνομορος, having joint boundaries, bordering on, from σύν and ὅμορος, and this from ὁμός joint, and ὅρος a boundary); to border on, be contiguous to (A. V. join hard): τίνι, to a thing, Acts 18:7. (Byzantine writings.)

συνοχή

(4928) συνοχή, συνοχῆς, ἡ (συνέχω, which see), a holding together, narrowing; narrows, the contracting part of a way, Homer Iliad 23, 330. Metaphorically, straits, distress, anguish: Luke 21:25; with καρδίας added, 2 Corinthians 2:4 (contractio animi , Cicero , Tusc. 1, 37, 90; opposed toeffusio , 4, 31, 66; συνοχήν καί ταλαιπωρίαν, Job 30:3; (cf. Judges 2:3; plural Psalm 24:17 (Psalms 25:17 Aq. ).

συντάσσω

(4929) συντάσσω: 1 aorist συνέταξα; from Herodotus down;

a. to put in order with or together, to arrange;

b. to (put together), constitute, i. e. to prescribe, appoint (Aeschines , Demosthenes ; physicians are said συντάσσειν φάρμακον, Aelian v. h. 9, 13; (Plutarch , an sen. sit gerend. resp. 4, 8)): τίνι, Matthew 21:6 L Tr WH ; Matthew 26:19; Matthew 27:10; the Sept. often for צִוָּה.

συντέλεια

(4930) συντέλεια, συντελείας, ἡ (συντελής), completion, consummation, end (so in Greek writings from Polybius on; the Sept. chiefly for כָּלָה; for קֵץ in Daniel 12:4, Daniel 12:13; in other senses from Aeschylus down): αἰῶνος or τοῦ αἰῶνος, Matthew 13:39, Matthew 13:40 L T Tr WH , Matthew 13:49; Matthew 24:3; Matthew 28:20; τοῦ αἰῶνος τούτου, Matthew 13:40 R G ; τῶν αἰώνων, Hebrews 9:26 (see αἰών , 3, p. 19b bottom (cf. Hermas , sim. 9, 12, 3 [ET] and Hilgenfeld at the passage)); καιροῦ and καιρῶν, Daniel 9:27; Daniel 12:4; τῶν ἡμερῶν, ibid. Daniel 12:13; ἀνθρώπου, of his death, Sir. 11:27 (25); cf. Sirach 21:9.

συντελέω

(4931) συντελέω, συντέλω; future συντελέσω; 1 aorist συνετέλεσα; passive, present infinitive συντελεῖσθαι; 1 aorist συνετελεσθην (John 2:3 T WH 'rejected' marginal reading), participle (συντελεσθεις; from Thucydides and Xenophon down; the Sept. often for כִּלָּה; also sometimes for תָּמַם, עָשָׂה, etc.;

1. to end together or at the same time.

2. to end completely; bring to an end, finish, complete: τούς λόγους, Matthew 7:28 R G ; τόν πειρασμόν, Luke 4:13; ἡμέρας, passive, Luke 4:2; Acts 21:27 (Job 1:5; Tobit 10:7).

3. to accomplish, bring to fulfilment; passive, to come to pass, Mark 13:4; λόγον, a word, i. e. a prophecy, Romans 9:28 (ῤῆμα, Lamentations 2:17).

4. to effect, make (cf. our conclude): διαθήκη, Hebrews 8:8 (Jeremiah 41:8, Jeremiah 41:15 (Jeremiah 34:8,Jeremiah 34:15).

5. to finish, i. e. in a use foreign to Greek writings, to make an end of: συνετελέσθη ὁ οἶνος τοῦ γάμου (was at an end with), John 2:3 Tdf. after the Sinaiticus manuscript (Ezekiel 7:15 for אָכַל; to bring to an end, destroy, for כִּלָּה, Jeremiah 14:12; Jeremiah 16:4).

συντέμνω

(4932) συντέμνω; perfect passive participle συντετμημενος; from Aeschylus and Herodotus down;

1. to cut to pieces (cf. σύν , II. 3).

2. to cut short; metaphorically, to despatch briefly, execute or finish quickly; to hasten (συντέμνειν namely, τήν ὁδόν, to take a short cut, go the shortest way, Herodotus 7, 123; namely, τόν λόγον, to speak briefly, Euripides , Tro. 441; τάς ἀποκρισεις, to abridge, sum up, Plato , Prot., p. 334 d.; ἐν βραχεῖ πολλούς λόγους, Aristophanes Thesm. 178): λόγον (which see I. 2 b. α.), to bring a prophecy or decree speedily to accomplishment, Romans 9:28; λόγος συντετμημενος, a short word, i. e. an expedited prophecy or decree, ibid. (R G Tr marginal reading in brackets) (both instances from the Sept. of Isaiah 10:23); cf. Fritzsche at the passage, vol. ii, p. 350.

συντηρέω

(4933) συντηρέω, συντήρω: imperfect 3 person singular συνετήρει; present passive 3 person plural συντηροῦνται; (from Aristotle , de plant. 1, 1, p. 816a, 8 down);

a. to preserve (a thing from perishing or being lost): τί, passive (opposed to ἀπολλυσθαι), Matthew 9:17; Luke 5:38 (T WH omit; Tr brackets the clause); τινα, to guard one, keep him safe, from a plot, Mark 6:20 (ἑαυτόν ἀναμάρτητον, 2 Macc. 12:42 (cf. Tobit 1:11; Sir. 13:12)).

b. to keep within oneself, keep in mind (a thing, lest it be forgotten (cf. σύν , II. 4)): πάντα τά ῤήματα, Luke 2:19 (τό ῤῆμα ἐν τῇ καρδία μου, Daniel 7:28, Theod. ; τήν γνώμην παῥ ἑαυτό, Polybius 31, 6, 5; (absolutely, Sir. 39:2)).

συντίθημι

(4934) συντίθημι: middle, 2 aorist 3 person plural συνέθεντο; pluperfect 3 person plural συνετέθειντο; from Homer down; to put with or together, to place together; to join together; middle

a. to place in one's mind, i. e. to resolve, determine; to make an agreement, to engage (often so in secular writings from Herodotus down; cf. Passow , under the word, 2 b.; (Liddell and Scott, under the word, B. II.)): συνετέθειντο, they had agreed together (Winer 's Grammar, § 38, 3), followed by ἵνα, John 9:22 (Winer 's Grammar, § 44, 8 b.); συνέθεντο, they agreed together, followed by τοῦ with an infinitive (Buttmann , 270 (232)), Acts 23:20; they covenanted, followed by an infinitive (Buttmann , as above), Luke 22:5.

b. to assent to, to agree to: Acts 24:9 Rec. (see συνεπιτίθημι ) (τίνι, Lysias , in Harpocration (under the word καρκίνος), p. 106, 9 Bekker).

συντόμως

(4935) συντόμως (συντέμνω) (from Aeschylus , Sophocles , Plato down), adverb, concisely i. e. briefly, in few words: ἀκοῦσαι τίνος, Acts 24:4 (γράψαι, Josephus , contra Apion 1, 1; διδάσκειν, ibid. 1, 6, 2; (εἰπεῖν, ibid. 2, 14, 1; ἐξαγγέλλειν, Mark 16:1-20 WH (rejected) 'Shorter Conclusion')); for examples from Greek writings see Passow (or Liddell and Scott) under the word, at the end.

συντρέχω

(4936) συντρέχω; 2 aorist συνέδραμον; from (Homer ), Aeschylus , Herodotus down;

1. to run together: of the gathering of a multitude of people, ἐκεῖ, Mark 6:33; πρός τινα, Acts 3:11.

2. to run along with others; metaphorically, to rush with i. e. cast oneself, plunge, 1 Peter 4:4. (Compare: ἐπισυντρέχω.)

συντρίβω

(4937) συντρίβω, participle neuter συντρῖβον Luke 9:39 R G Tr , συντρῖβον L T WH (cf. Veitch , under the word τρίβῳ, at the end); future συντρίψω; 1 aorist συνέτριψα; passive, present συντρίβομαι; perfect infinitive συντετρῖφθαι (R G Tr WH ; but συντριφθαι L T (cf. Veitch , as above)), participle συντετριμμένος; 2 future συντριβήσομαι; from Herodotus ((?), Euripides ) down; the Sept. very often for שָׁבַר; to break, to break in pieces, shiver, (cf. σύν , II. 3): κάλαμον, Matthew 12:20; τάς πέδας, passive, Mark 5:4; τό ἀλάβαστρον (the sealed orifice of the vase (cf. BB. DD. , under the word )), Mark 14:3; ὀστοῦν, passive, John 19:36 (Exodus 12:46; Psalms 33:21 (Psalms 33:21); τά σκεύη, Revelation 2:27; to tread down: τόν Σατανᾶν ὑπό τούς πόδας (by a pregnant construction (Winer s Grammar, § 66, 2 d.)), to put Satan under foot and (as a conqueror) trample on him, Romans 16:20; to break down, crush: τινα, to tear one's body and shatter one's strength, Luke 9:39. Passive to suffer extreme sorrow and be, as it were, crushed: οἱ συντετρίμμενοι τήν καρδίαν (cf. Winer 's Grammar, 229 (215)), equivalent to οἱ ἔχοντες τήν καρδίαν συντετριμμένην, ((A. V. the broken-hearted), Luke 4:18 Rec. from Isaiah 61:1 ((cf. Psalms 33:19 (Psalms 34:19); Psalms 146:3 (Psalms 147:3), etc.); συντριβῆναι τῇ διάνοια, Polybius 21, 10, 2; 31, 8, 11; τοῖς φρονημασι, Diodorus 11, 78; (ταῖς ἐλπίσιν, 4, 66; ταῖς ψυχαῖς, 16, 81)).

σύντριμμα

(4938) σύντριμμα, συντρίμματος, τό (συντρίβω), the Sept. chiefly for שֶׁבֶר);

1. that which is broken or shattered, a fracture: Aristotle , de audibil., p. 802{a}, 34; of a broken limb, the Sept. Leviticus 21:19.

2. tropically, calamity, ruin, destruction: Romans 3:16, from Isaiah 59:7, where it stands for שֹׁד, a devastation, laying waste, as in Isaiah 22:4; Wis. 3:3; 1 Macc. 2:7; (etc.).

σύντροφος

(4939) σύντροφος, συντροφου, ὁ (συντρέφω) (from Herodotus down), "nourished with one (Vulg. collactaneus (English foster-brother)); brought up with one; universally, companion of one's childhood and youth": τίνος (of some prince or king), Acts 13:1. (1 Macc. 1:6; 2 Macc. 9:29; Polybius 5, 9, 4; Diodorus 1, 53; Josephus , b. j. 1, 10, 9; Aelian v. h. 12, 26.)

συντυγχάνω

(4940) συντυγχάνω: 2 aorist infinitive συντυχεῖν; from (Sophocles ), Herodotus down; to meet with, come to (A. V. come at) one: with a dative of the person, Luke 8:19.

Συντύχη

(4941) Συντύχη and (so Tdf. editions 7, 8; cf. Lipsius , Gramm. Untersuch., p. 31; (Tdf. Proleg., p. 103; Kühner, § 84 at the end; on the other hand, Chandler § 199)) Συντύχη, ἡ (accusative: Συντύχην), Syntyche, a woman belonging to the church at Philippi: Philippians 4:2. (The name occurs several times its Greek inscriptions (see Lightfoot on Philippians, the passage cited).)

συνυποκρίνομαι

(4942) συνυποκρίνομαι: 1 aorist passive, συνυπεκριθην, with the force of the middle (cf. Buttmann , 52 (45)); to dissemble with: τίνι, one, Galatians 2:13. (Polybius 3, 92, 5 and often; see Schweighaeuser, Lex. Polybius , p. 604; Plutarch , Marius, 14, 17.)

συνυπουργέω

(4943) συνυπουργέω, συνυπούργω; (ὑπουργέω to serve, from ὑπουργός, and this from ὑπό and ἘΡΓΩ); to help together: τίνι, by anything, 2 Corinthians 1:11. (Lucian , bis accusat. c. 17 συναγωνιζομενης τῆς ἡδονῆς, ἤπερ αὐτῇ τά πολλά ξυνυπουργει.)

συνωδίνω

(4944) συνωδίνω;

a. properly, to feel the pains of travail with, be in travail together: οἶδε ἐπί τῶν ζοωον τάς ὠδῖνας ὁ σύνοικος καί συνωδίνει γέ τά πολλά ὥσπερ καί ἀλεκτρυονες, Porphyry , de abstin. 3, 10; (cf. Aristotle , eth. Eud. 7, 6, p. 1240a, 36).

b. metaphorically, to undergo agony (like a woman in childbirth) along with: Romans 8:22 (where σύν refers to the several parts of which ἡ κτίσις consists, cf. Meyer at the passage); κακοῖς, Euripides , Hel. 727.

συνωμοσία

(4945) συνωμοσία, συνωμοσιας, ἡ (συνόμνυμι), from Aristophanes and Thucydides down, a swearing together; a conspiracy: συνωμοσίαν ποιεῖν (see ποιέω , L 1 c., p. 525a top), Acts 23:13 Rec. ; ποιεῖσθαι (see ποιέω , I. 3), ibid. L T Tr WH .

Συράκουσαι

(4946) Συράκουσαι (so accented commonly (Chandler §§ 172, 175); but according to Pape , Eigennamen, under the word, Συράκουσαι in Ptolemy , 3, 4, 9; 8, 9, 4), Συρακουσων, αἱ, Syracuse, a large maritime city of Sicily, having an excellent harbor and surrounded by a wall 180 stadia in length (so Strabo 6, p. 270; "but this statement exceeds the truth, the actual circuit being about 14 English miles or 122 stadia" (Leake, p. 279); see Dict. of Geogr. under the word, p. 1067b); now Siragosa: Acts 28:12.

Συρία

(4947) Συρία, Συρίας, ἡ, Syria; in the N. T. a region of Asia, bounded on the north by the Taurus and Amanus ranges, on the east by the Euphrates and Arabia, on the south by Palestine, and on the west by Phoenicia and the Mediterranean (cf. BB. DD. under the word ; Ryssel in Herzog edition 2, under the word Syrien; cf. also Ἀντιχεια, 1 and Δαμασκός): Matthew 4:24; Luke 2:2; Acts 15:23, Acts 15:41; Acts 18:18; Acts 20:3; Acts 21:3; Galatians 1:21. (On the article with it cf. Winer 's Grammar, § 18, 5 a.)

Σύρος

(4948) Σύρος, Σύρου, ὁ, a Syrian, i. e. a native or an inhabitant of Syria: Luke 4:27; feminine Σύρα, a Syrian woman, Mark 7:26 Tr WH marginal reading ((Herodotus , others.))

Συροφοινίκισσα

(4949) Συροφοινίσσα (so Rec. ; a form quite harmonizing with the analogies of the language, for as Κίλιξ forms the feminine Κιλισσα, Θράξ the feminine Θρᾷσσα, ἄναξ the feminine ἄνασσα, so the feminine of Φοῖνιξ is always, by the Greeks, called Φοίνισσα), Συροφοινίκισσα (so L T WH ; hardly a pure form, and one which must be derived from Φοινίκη; cf. Fritzsche on Mark, p. 296f; Winer 's Grammar, 95 (91)), Συραφοινίκισσα (Griesbach; a form which conflicts with the law of composition), Συραφοινικισσης, ἡ (Tr WH marginal reading Σύρα Φοινίκισσα), a Syrophoenician woman, i. e. of Syrophoenice by race, that is, from the Phoenice forming a part of Syria (Συρο being prefixed for distinction's sake, for there were also Λιβυφοινικες, i. e. the Carthaginians. The Greeks included both Phoenicia and Palestine under the name ἡ Συρία; hence, Συρία ἡ Παλαιστινη in Herodotus 3, 91; 4, 39; Justin Martyr , Apology 1:1; and ἡ Φοινίκη Συρία, Diodorus 19, 93; Συροφοινικη, Justin Martyr, dialog contra Trypho, c. 78, p. 305 a.): Mark 7:26 (cf. B. D. under the word ). (The masculine Συροφοῖνιξ is found in Lucian , concil. deor. c. 4; (Syrophoenix in Juvenal , sat. 8, 159 (cf. 160)).)

Σύρτις

(4950) Σύρτις (Lachmann Σύρτις; cf. Tdf. Proleg., p. 103; Chandler § 650), Συρτισεως, accusative Σύρτιν, ἡ (σύρω, which see (others from Arabic sert , i. e. 'desert'; others besides, see Pape , Eigennamen, under the word)), Syrtis, the name of two places in the African or Libyan Sea between Carthage and Cyrenaica, full of shallows and sandbanks, and therefore destructive to ships; the western Syrtis, between the islands Cercina and Meninx (or the promontories of Zeitha and Brachodes), was called Syrtis minor, the eastern (extending from the promontory of Cephalae on the Winer s Grammar, to that of Boreum on the E.) was called Syrtis major (sinus Psyllicus); this latter must be the one referred to in Acts 27:17, for upon this the ship in which Paul was sailing might easily be cast after leaving Crete. (Cf. B. D. under the word.)

σύρω

(4951) σύρω; imperfect ἔσυρον; from (Aeschylus and Herodotus (in compound), Aristotle ), Theocritus down; (the Sept. 2 Samuel 17:13); to draw, to drag: τί, John 21:8; Revelation 12:4; τινα, one (before the judge, to prison, to punishment; ἐπί τά βασανιστήρια, εἰς τό δεσμωτήριον, Epictetus diss. 1, 29, 22; others), Acts 8:3 ἔξω τῆς πόλεως, Acts 14:19; ἐπί τούς πολιτάρχας, Acts 17:6. (Compare: κατασύρω.)

συσπαράσσω

(4952) συσπαράσσω: 1 aorist συνεσπάραξα; to convulse completely (see ῤήγνυμι , c.): τινα, Mark 9:20 L T Tr marginal reading WH ; Luke 9:42. (Max. Tyr. diss. 13, 5.)

σύσσημον

(4953) σύσσημον (Tdf. συνσημον (cf. σύν , II. at the end)), συσσημου, τό (σύν and σῆμα), a common sign or concerted signal, a sign given according to agreement: Mark 14:44. (Diodorus , Strabo , Plutarch , others; for נֵס, a standard, Isaiah 5:26; Isaiah 49:22; Isaiah 62:10.) The word is condemned by Phrynichus , edition Lob., p. 418, who remarks that Menander was the first to use it; cf. Sturz, De dial. Maced. et Alex., p. 196.

σύσσωμος

(4954) σύσσωμος (L T Tr WH συνσωμος (cf. σύν , II. at the end)), συσσωμον (σύν and σῶμα), belonging to the same body (i. e. metaphorically, to the same church) (R. V. fellow-members of the body): Ephesians 3:6. (Ecclesiastical writings.)

στασιαστής

(4955) συστασιαστής, συστασιαστου, ὁ (see στασιαστής ), a companion in insurrection, fellow-rioter: Mark 15:7 R G (Josephus , Antiquities 14, 2, 1).

συστατικός

(4956) συστατικός (Tr συντατικος (cf. σύν , II. at the end)), συστατικη, συστατικον (συνίστημι, which see), commendatory, introductory: ἐπιστολαί συστατικαι (A. V. epistles of commendation), 2 Corinthians 3:1, 2 Corinthians 3:1 R G , and often in ecclesiastical writings, many examples of which have been collected by Lydius, Agonistica sacra (Zutph. 1700), p. 123, 15; (Suicer, Thesaurus Eccles. ii., 1194f). (γράμματα παῥ αὐτοῦ λαβεῖν συστατικα, Epictetus diss. 2, 3, 1; (cf. (Diogenes Laërtius 8, 87); τό κάλλος παντός ἐπιστολιου συστατικωτερον, Aristotle , in (Diogenes Laërtius 5, 18, and in Stobaeus , flor. 65, 11, 2:435, Gaisf. edition).

συσταυρόω

(4957) συσταυρόω (L T Tr WH συνσταυρόω (cf. σύν , II. at the end)), συσταύρω: passive, perfect συνεσταύρωμαι; 1 aorist συνεσταυρωθην; to crucify along with; τινα τίνι, one with another; properly: Matthew 27:44 (σύν αὐτῷ L T Tr WH ); Mark 15:32 (σύν αὐτῷ L T WH ); John 19:32; metaphorically: ὁ παλαιός ὑμῶν ἄνθρωπος συνεσταυρώθη namely, τῷ Χριστῷ, i. e. (dropping the figure) the death of Christ upon the cross has wrought the extinction of our former corruption, Romans 6:6; Χριστῷ συνεσταύρωμαι, by the death of Christ upon the cross I have become utterly estranged from (dead to) my former habit of feeling and action, Galatians 2:19 (20).

συστέλλω

(4958) συστέλλω: 1 aorist συνέστειλα; perfect passive participle συνεσταλμένος; properly, to place together;

a. to draw together, contact (τά ἱστία, Aristophanes ran. 999; τήν χεῖρα, Sir. 4:31; εἰς ὀλίγον συστέλλω, Theophrastus , de caus. plant. 1, 15, 1); to diminish (τήν δίαιταν, Isocrates , p. 280 d.; Dio Cassius , 39, 37); to shorten, abridge, passive, ὁ καιρός συνεσταλμένος ἐστιν, the time has been drawn together into a brief compass, is shortened, 1 Corinthians 7:29.

b. to roll together, wrap up, wrap round with bandages, etc., to enshroud (τινα πεπλοις, Euripides , Troad. 378): τινα, i. e. his corpse (for burial), Acts 5:6.

συστενάζω

(4959) συστενάζω (T WH συνστενάζω (cf. σύν , II. at the end)); to groan together: Romans 8:22, where σύν has the same force as in συνωδίνω, b. (τίνι, with one, Euripides , Ion 935; Test xii. Patr. (test. Isach. § 7), p. 629).

συστοιχέω

(4960) συστοιχέω (T WH συνστοιχέω (cf. σύν , II. at the end)), συστοίχω; (see στοιχέω ); to stand or march in the same row (file) with: so once properly, of soldiers, Polybius 10, 21, 7; hence, to stand over against, be parallel with; tropically, to answer to, resemble: τίνι, so once of a type in the O. T. which answers to the antitype in the New, Galatians 4:25 (cf. Lightfoot at the passage).

συστρατιώτης

(4961) συστρατιώτης (L T Tr WH συνστρατιωτης cf. σύν , II. at the end)), συστρατιωτου, ὁ, a fellow-soldier, Xenophon , Plato , others; tropically, an associate in labors and conflicts for the cause of Christ: Philippians 2:25; Philemon 1:2.

συστρέφω

(4962) συστρέφω: 1 aorist participle συτρεψας; present passive participle συστρεφόμενος; (from Aeschylus and Herodotus down);

1. to twist together, roll together (into a bundle): φρυγάνων πλῆθος, Acts 28:3.

2. to collect, combine, unite: τινας, passive (reflexively (?)) of men, to (gather themselves together) assemble: Matthew 17:22 L T Tr text WH , see ἀναστρέφω , 3 a.

συστροφή

(4963) συστροφή, συστροφῆς, ἡ (συστρέφω);

a. a twisting up together, a binding together.

b. a secret combination, a coalition, conspiracy: Acts 23:12 (Psalms 63:3 (Psalms 64:3); (2 Kings 15:15; Amos 7:10)); a concourse of disorderly persons, a riot (Polybius 4, 34, 6), Acts 19:40.

συσχηματίζω

(4964) συσχηματίζω (WH συνχηματίζω (so T in Romans, Tr in 1 Peter; cf. σύν , II. at the end)): present passive, συσχηματίζομαι; (σχηματίζω, to form); a later Greek word; to conform ((Aristotle , top. 6, 14, p. 151b, 8; Plutarch , de profect. in virt. 12, p. 83 b.)); passive reflexively, τίνι, to conform oneself (i. e. one's mind and character) to another's pattern (fashion oneself according to (cf. Lightfoot 's Commentary on Philippians, p. 130f)): Romans 12:2; 1 Peter 1:14 (cf. Winer 's Grammar, 352 (330f)). (πρός τί, Plutarch , Numbers 20:1-29 common text.)

Συχάρ

(4965) Συχάρ (Rec.^elz Σιχάρ), ἡ, Sychar, a town of Samaria, near to the well of the patriarch Jacob, and not far from Flavia Neapolis (Συχάρ πρό τῆς νέας πόλεως, Eusebius in his Onomast. (p. 346, 5 edition, Larsow and Parthey)) toward the E., the representative of which is to be found apparently in the modern hamlet al Askar (or Asker): John 4:5, where cf. Bäumlein , Ewald, Brückner (in De Wette (4th and following editions)), Godet; add, Ewald, Jahrbb. f. Biblical Wissensch. viii., p. 255f; Bädeker, Palestine, pp. 328, 337; (Lieut. Conder in the Palest. Explor. Fund for July 1877, p. 149f and in Survey of Western Palestine: 'Special Pape rs,' p. 231; Edersheim, Jesus the Messiah, Appendix xv.). The name does not seem to differ from סוכר, a place mentioned by the Talmudists in סוכר עין 'the fountain Sucar' and סוכר עין בקעת 'the valley of the fountain Sucar'; cf. Delitzsch in the Zeitschr. f. d. luth. Theol. for 1856, p. 240ff Most interpreters, however, think that Συχάρ is the same as Συχέμ (which see 2), and explain the form as due to a softening of the harsh vulgar pronunciation (cf. Credner; Einl. in d. N. T. vol. i., p. 264f), or conjecture that it was fabricated by way of reproach by those who wished to suggest the noun שֶׁקֶר, 'falsehood', and thereby brand the city as given up to idolatry (cf. Habakkuk 2:18), or the word שִׁכֹּר, 'drunken' (on account of Isaiah 28:1), and thus call it the abode of μωροί, see Sir. 50:26, where the Shechemites are called λαός μωρός; cf. Test xii. Patr. (test. Levi § 7), p. 564 Σικημ, λεγομένη πόλις ἀσυνέτων. To these latter opinions there is this objection, among others, that the place mentioned by the Evangelist was very near Jacob's well, from which Shechem, or Flavia Neapolis, was distant about a mile and a half. (Cf. B. D. under the word; also Porter in Alex.'s Kitto, ibid.)

Συχέμ

(4966) Συχέμ, Hebrew שְׁכֶם (i. e. 'shoulder,' 'ridge'), Shechem (A. V. Sychem (see below)), proper name of:

1. a man of Canaan, son of Hamor (see Ἑμμόρ ), prince in the city of Shechem (Genesis 33:19; Genesis 34:2): Acts 7:16 R G .

2. a city of Samaria (in the Sept. sometimes Συχέμ, indeclinable, sometimes Σικιμα, genitive Σικιμων, as in Josephus and Eusebius ; once τήν Σικιμα τήν ἐν ὄρει Αφραιμ, 1 Kings 12:25 (for still other variant see B. D. (especially American edition) under the word )), Vulg. Sichem (edited by Tdf. Sychem; cf. B. D. as above), situated in a valley abounding in springs at the foot of Matt. Gerizim (Josephus , Antiquities 5, 7, 2; 11, 8, 6); laid waste by Abimelech (Judges 9:45), it was rebuilt by Jeroboam and made the seat of government (1 Kings 12:23). From the time of Vespasian it was called by the Romans Neapolis (on coins Flavia Neapoils); whence by corruption comes its modern name, Nablus (or Nabulus); according to Prof. Socin (in Bädeker's Palestine, p. 331) it contains about 13,000 inhabitants (of whom 600 are Christians, and 140 Samaritans) together with a few ("about 100") Jews: Acts 7:16.

σφαγή

(4967) σφαγή, σφαγῆς, ἡ (σφάζω), slaughter: Acts 8:32 (after Isaiah 53:7); πρόβατα σφαγῆς, sheep destined for slaughter (Zechariah 11:4; Psalm 43:23 (Psalms 44:23)), Romans 8:36; ἡμέρα σφαγῆς (Jeremiah 12:3), equivalent to day of destruction, James 5:5. (Tragg., Aristophanes , Xenophon , Plato , and following; the Sept. for טֶבַח, הֲרֵגָה, etc.)

σφάγιον

(4968) σφάγιον, σφαγιου, τό (σφαγή), from Aeschylus and Herodotus down, that which is destined for slaughter, a victim (A. V. slain beast): Acts 7:42 (cf. Winer 's Grammar, 512 (477)) (Amos 5:25; Ezekiel 21:10).

σφάζω

(4969) σφάζω, Attic σφάττω: future σφάξω, Revelation 6:4 L T Tr WH ; 1 aorist ἐσφαξα; passive, perfect participle ἐσφαγμένος; 2 aorist ἐσφαγην; from Homer down; the Sept. very often for שָׁחַט, to slay, slaughter, butcher: properly, ἀρνίον, Revelation 5:6, Revelation 5:12; Revelation 13:8; τινα, to put to death by violence (often so in Greek writings from Herodotus down), 1 John 3:12; Revelation 5:9; Revelation 6:4, Revelation 6:9; Revelation 18:24. κεφαλή ἐσφαγμενη εἰς θάνατον, mortally wounded (R. V. smitten unto death), Revelation 13:3. (Compare: κατασφάζω.)

σφόδρα

(4970) σφόδρα (properly neuter plural of σφοδρός, vehement, violent;), from Pindar and Herodotus down, exceedingly, greatly: placed after adjectives, Matthew 2:10; Mark 16:4; Luke 18:23; Revelation 16:21; with verbs, Matthew 17:6, Matthew 17:23; Matthew 18:31; Matthew 19:25; Matthew 26:22; Matthew 27:54; Acts 6:7.

σφοδρῶς

(4971) σφοδρῶς, adverb, from Homer , Odyssey 12, 124 down, exceedingly: Acts 27:18.

σφραγίζω

(4972) σφραγίζω (Revelation 7:3 Rec.^st ); 1 aorist ἐσφραγισα; 1 aorist middle participle σφραγισάμενος; passive, perfect participle ἐσφραγισμενος; 1 aorist ἐσφραγίσθην; (in 2 Corinthians 11:10 Rec.^st gives the form σφραγίσεται de coniectura vel errore (Tdf. ; see his note at the passage)); (σφραγίς, which see); the Sept. for חָתַם; to set a seal upon, mark with a seal, to seal;

a. for security: τί, Matthew 27:66; namely, τήν ἄβυσσον, to close it, lest Satan after being cast into it should come out; hence, the addition ἐπάνω αὐτοῦ, over him i. e. Satan, Revelation 20:3 (ἐν ᾧ —i. e. δώματι —κεραυνός ἐστιν ἐσφραγισμενος, Aeschylus Eum. 828; middle σφραγίζομαι τήν θύραν, Bel and the Dragon, Bel 1:14, Theod. ).

b. Since things sealed up are concealed (as, the contents of a letter), (σφραγίζω means, tropically, to hide (Deuteronomy 32:34), keep in silence, keep secret: τί, Revelation 10:4; Revelation 22:10 (τάς ἁμαρτίας, Daniel 9:24, Theod. ; τάς ἀνομίας, Job 14:17; τούς λόγους σιγή, Stobaeus , flor. 34, 9, p. 215; θαυματα πολλά σοφή σφρηγισσατο σιγή, Norm. paraphr. evang. Ioan. 21,140).

c. in order to mark a person or thing; hence, to set a mark upon by the impress of a seal, to stamp: angels are said σφραγίζειν τινας ἐπί τῶν μετώπων, i. e. with the seal of God (see σφραγίς , c.) to stamp his servants on their foreheads as destined for eternal salvation, and by this means to confirm their hopes, Revelation 7:3, cf. Ewald at the passage; (B. D. , under the words, Cuttings and Forehead); hence, οἱ εσφραγισμένοι, fourteen times in Rec. Revelation 7:4-8, four times by G L T Tr WH (δεινοισι σημαντροισιν εσφραγισμένοι, Euripides , Iph. Taur. 1372); metaphorically: τινα τῷ πνεύματι and ἐν τῷ πνεύματι, respecting God, who by the gift of the Holy Spirit indicates who are his, passive, Ephesians 1:13; Ephesians 4:30; absolutely, middle with τινα, 2 Corinthians 1:22.

d. in order to prove, confirm, or attest a thing; hence, tropically, to confirm, authenticate, place beyond doubt (a written document τῷ δακτυλίῳ, Esther 8:8): followed by ὅτι, John 3:33; τινα, to prove by one's testimony to a person that he is what he professes to be, John 6:27. Somewhat unusual is the expression σφραγισάμενος αὐτοῖς τόν καρπόν τοῦτον, when I shall have confirmed (sealed) to them this fruit (of love), meaning apparently, when I shall have given authoritative assurance that this money was collected for their use, Romans 15:28. (Compare: κατασφραγίζω.)

σφραγίς

(4973) σφραγίς, σφραγῖδος, ἡ (akin, apparently, to the verb φράσσω or φράγνυμι), from Herodotus down, the Sept. for חותָם, a seal; i. e.

a. the seal placed upon books (cf. B. D. , under the word , under the end; Gardthausen, Palaeogr., p. 27): Revelation 5:1; λῦσαι τάς σφραγας, ibid. Revelation 5:2, Revelation 5:5 (Rec. ); ἀνοῖξαι, ibid. (5 G L T Tr WH ), Revelation 5:9; Revelation 6:1, Revelation 6:3, Revelation 6:5, Revelation 6:7, Revelation 6:9, Revelation 6:12; Revelation 8:1.

b. a signet-ring: Revelation 7:2.

c. the inscription or impression made by a seal: Revelation 9:4 (the name of God and Christ stamped upon their foreheads must be meant here, as is evident from Revelation 14:1); 2 Timothy 2:19.

d. that by which anything is confirmed, proved, authenticated, as by a seal (a token or proof): Romans 4:11; 1 Corinthians 9:2. (Cf. BB. DD. under the word .)

σφυδρόν

(4974) σφυρόν, σφυρου, τό, from Homer down, the ankle (A. V. anklebone): Acts 3:7 (T WH σφυδρόν, which see).

σχεδόν

(4975) σχεδόν (ἔχω (σχεῖν), adverb, from Homer down;

1. near, hard by.

2. from Sophocles down (of degree, i. e.) well-nigh, nearly, almost; so in the N. T. three times before πᾶς: Acts 13:44; Acts 19:26; Hebrews 9:22 (but see Winer s Grammar, 554 (515) n.; (R. V. I may almost say)); (2 Macc. 5:2; 3Macc. 5:14).

σχῆμα

(4976) σχῆμα, σχηματος, τό (ἔχω, σχεῖν), from Aeschylus down, Latinhabitus (cf. English haviour (from have)), A. V. fashion, Vulg. figura (but in Phil.habitus ) (tacitly opposed to the material or substance): τοῦ κόσμου τούτου, 1 Corinthians 7:31; the habitus, as comprising everything in a person which strikes the senses, the figure, bearing, discourse, actions, manner of life, etc., Philippians 2:7(8). (Synonym: see μορφή at the end, and Schmidt , chapter 182, 5.)

σχίζω

(4977) σχίζω ((Luke 5:36 R G L marginal reading)); future (σχίσω (Luke 5:36 L text T Tr text WH (cf. Buttmann , 37 (32f))); 1 aorist ἐσχισα; passive, present participle σχιζόμενος; 1 aorist ἐσχίσθην; (allied with Latinscindo, caedo , etc. (cf. Curtius , § 295)); from ((Homer h. Merc.)) Hesiod down; the Sept. several times for בָּקַע, Isaiah 37:1 for קָרַע; to cleave, cleave asunder, rend: τί, Luke 5:36; passive, αἱ πέτραι, Matthew 27:51; οἱ οὐρανοί, Mark 1:10; τό καταπέτασμα, Luke 23:45; with εἰς δύο added, into two parts, in twain ((εἰς δύο μέρη, of a river, Polybius 2, 16, 11)), Matthew 27:51; Mark 15:38; τό δίκτυον, John 21:11; to divide by rending, τί, John 19:24. tropically, in the passive, to be split into factions, be divided: Acts 14:4; Acts 23:7, (Xenophon , conv. 4, 59; τοῦ πλήθους σχιζομενου κατά αἵρεσιν, Diodorus 12, 66).

σχίσμα

(4978) σχίσμα, σχισματος, τό (σχίζω), a cleft, rent;

a. properly, a rent: Matthew 9:16; Mark 2:21 (Aristotle , Theophrastus ).

b. metaphorically, a division, dissension: John 7:43; John 9:16; John 10:19; 1 Corinthians 1:10; 1 Corinthians 11:18; 1 Corinthians 12:25 (ecclesiastical writings (Clement of Rome , 1 Cor. 2, 6 [ET], etc.; 'Teaching ' 4, 3 [ET]; etc.)). (Cf. references under the word αἵρεσις, 5.)

σχοινίον

(4979) σχοινίον, σχοινιου, τό (diminutive of the noun σχοῖνος, ὁ and ἡ, a rush), from Herodotus down, properly, a cord or rope made of rushes; universally, a rope: John 2:15; Acts 27:32.

σχολάζω

(4980) σχολάζω; 1 aorist subjunctive σχολάσω, 1 Corinthians 7:5 G L T Tr WH ; (σχολή, which see);

1. to cease from labor; to loiter.

2. to be free from labor, to be at leisure, to be idle; τίνι, to have leisure for a thing, i. e. to give oneself to a thing: ἵνα σχολάσητε (Rec. σχολάζητε) τῇ προσευχή, 1 Corinthians 7:5 (for examples from secular authors see Passow , under the word; (Liddell and Scott, under the word, III.)).

3. of things; e. g. of places, to be unoccupied, empty: οἶκος σχολαζων, Matthew 12:44; (Luke 11:25 WH brackets Tr marginal reading brackets) (τόπος, Plutarch , Gai. Grac. 12; of a centurion's vacant office, Eus. h. e. 7, 15; in ecclesiastical writings of vacant ecclesiastical offices (also of officers without charge; cf. Sophocles ' Lexicon, under the word)).

σχολή

(4981) σχολή, σχολῆς, ἡ (from σχεῖν; hence, properly, German das Anhalten; (cf. English 'to hold on,' equivalent to either to stop or to persist));

1. from Pindar down, freedom from labor, leisure.

2. according to later Greek usage, a place where there is leisure for anything, a school (cf. Liddell and Scott, under the word, III.; Winer 's Grammar, 23): Acts 19:9 (Dionysius Halicarnassus , de jud. Isocrates 1; tie vi Dem. 44; often in Plutarch ).

σῴζω

(4982) σῴζω (others, σῴζω (cf. WH . Introductory § 410; Meisterhans , p. 87)); future σώσω; 1 aorist ἔσωσα; perfect σέσωκα; passive, present σώζομαι; imperfect ἐσωζομην; perfect 3 person singular (Acts 4:9) σέσωσται and (according to Tdf. ) σέσωται (cf. Kühner, 1:912; (Photius , under the word; Rutherford, New Phryn., p. 99; Veitch , under the word)); 1 aorist ἐσώθην; 1 future σωθήσομαι; (σῶς 'safe and sound' (cf. Latinsanus ; Curtius , § 570; Vanicek , p. 1038)); from Homer down; the Sept. very often for הושִׁיעַ, also for מִלֵּט, נִצֵּל, and הִצִּיל, sometimes for עָזַר; to save, to keep safe and sound, to rescue from danger or destruction (opposed to ἀπόλλυμι, which see); Vulg. salvumfacio (orfio ),salvo (salvifico, libero , etc.);

a. universally, τινα, one (from injury or peril); to save a suffering one (from perishing), e. g. one suffering from disease, to make well, heal, restore to health: Matthew 9:22; Mark 5:34; Mark 10:52; Luke 7:50 (others understand this as including spiritual healing (see b. below)); Luke 8:48; Luke 17:19; Luke 18:42; James 5:15; passive, Matthew 9:21; Mark 5:23, Mark 5:28; Mark 6:56; Luke 8:36, Luke 8:50; John 11:12; Acts 4:9 (cf. Buttmann , § 144, 25); Acts 14:9. to preserve one who is in danger of destruction, to save (i. e. rescue): Matthew 8:25; Matthew 14:30; Matthew 24:22; Matthew 27:40, Matthew 27:42, Matthew 27:49; Mark 13:20; Mark 15:30; Luke 23:35, Luke 23:37, Luke 23:39; passive, Acts 27:20, Acts 27:31; 1 Peter 4:18; τήν ψυχήν, (physical) life, Matthew 16:25; Mark 3:4; Mark 8:35; Luke 6:9; Luke 9:24 and R G L in Luke 17:33; σῴζειν τινα ἐκ with the genitive of the place, to bring safe forth from, Jude 1:5; ἐκ τῆς ὥρας ταύτης, from the peril of this hour, John 12:27; with the genitive of the state, ἐκ θανάτου, Hebrews 5:7; cf. Bleek, Brief an d. Hebrews 2:2, p. 70f; (Winer s Grammar, § 30, 6 a.; see ἐκ , I. 5).

b. to save in the technical biblical sense; — negatively, to deliver from the penalties of the Messianic judgment, Joel 2:32 (Joel 3:5); to save from the evils which obstruct the reception of the Messianic deliverance: ἀπό τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν, Matthew 1:21; ἀπό τῆς ὀργῆς namely, τοῦ Θεοῦ, from the punitive wrath of God at the judgment of the last day, Romans 5:9; ἀπό τῆς γενεάς τῆς σκολιᾶς ταύτης, Acts 2:40; ψυχήν ἐκ θανάτου (see θάνατος , 2), James 5:20; (ἐκ πυρός ἁρπάζοντες, Jude 1:23) — positively, to make one a partaker of the salvation by Christ (opposed to ἀπόλλυμι, which see): hence, σῴζεσθαι and ἐισέρχεσθαι εἰς τήν βασιλείαν τοῦ Θεοῦ are interchanged, Matthew 19:25, cf. Matthew 19:24; Mark 10:26, cf. Mark 10:25; Luke 18:26, cf. Luke 18:25; so σῴζεσθαι and ζωήν αἰώνιον ἔχειν, John 3:17, cf. John 3:16. Since salvation begins in this life (in deliverance from error and corrupt notions, in moral purity, in pardon of sin, and in the blessed peace of a soul reconciled to God), but on the visible return of Christ from heaven will he perfected in the consummate blessings of ὁ αἰών ὁ μέλλων, we can understand why τό σῴζεσθαι is spoken of in some passages as a present possession, in others as a good yet future: — as a blessing beginning (or begun) on earth, Matthew 18:11 Rec. ; Luke 8:12; Luke 19:10; John 5:34; John 10:9; John 12:47; Romans 11:14; 1 Corinthians 1:21; 1 Corinthians 7:16; 1 Corinthians 9:22; 1 Corinthians 10:33; 1 Corinthians 15:2; 1 Thessalonians 2:16; 2 Thessalonians 2:10; 2 Timothy 1:9; Titus 3:5; 1 Peter 3:21; τῇ ἐλπίδι (dative of the instrument) ἐσώθημεν (aorist of the time when they turned to Christ), Romans 8:24; χάριτι ἐστε σεσῳσμένοι διά τῆς πίστεως, Ephesians 2:5 (cf. Buttmann , § 144, 25), 8; — as a thing still future, Matthew 10:22; Matthew 24:13; (Mark 13:13); Romans 5:10; 1 Corinthians 3:15; 1 Timothy 2:15; James 4:12; τήν ψυχήν, Mark 8:35; Luke 9:24; ψυχάς, Luke 9:56 Rec. ; τό πνεῦμα, passive, 1 Corinthians 5:5; by a pregnant construction (see εἰς , C. 1, p. 185b bottom), τινα εἰς τήν βασιλείαν τοῦ κυρίου αἰώνιον, to save and transport into etc. 2 Timothy 4:18 (ἡ εὐσέβεια ἡ σωζουσα εἰς τήν ζωήν αἰώνιον, 4 Macc. 15:2; many examples of this construction are given in Passow , vol. ii., p. 1802{a}; (cf. Liddell and Scott, under the word II. 2)). universally: (Mark 16:16); Acts 2:21; Acts 4:12; Acts 11:14; Acts 14:9; Acts 15:1,(Acts 15:11); Acts 16:30; Romans 9:27; Romans 10:9, Romans 10:13; Romans 11:26; 1 Timothy 2:4; 1 Timothy 4:16; Hebrews 7:25; James 2:14; ἁμαρτωλούς, 1 Timothy 1:15; τάς ψυχάς, James 1:21; οἱ σῳζόμενοι, Revelation 21:24 Rec. ; Luke 13:23; Acts 2:47; opposed to οἱ ἀπολλύμενοι, 1 Corinthians 1:18; 2 Corinthians 2:15 (see ἀπόλλυμι , 1 a. β'.). (Compare: διασῴζω, ἐκσῴζω.)

σῶμα

(4983) σῶμα, σώματος, τό (apparently from σῶς 'entire' (but cf. Curtius , § 570; others from the root, ska, sko, 'to cover', cf. Vanicek , p. 1055; Curtius , p. 696)), the Sept. for בָּשָׂר, גְּוִיָּה, etc.; נְבֵלָה (a corpse), also for Chaldean גֶּשֶׁם; a body; and:

1. the body both of men and of animals (on the distinction between it and σάρξ see σάρξ , especially 2 at the beginning; (cf. Dickson, St. Paul's use of 'Flesh' and 'Spirit', p. 247ff));

a. as everywhere in Homer (who calls the living body δέμας and not infreqently in subsequently Greek writings, a dead body or corpse: universally, Luke 17:37; of a man, Matthew 14:12 R G ; (Mark 15:45 R G ); Acts 9:40; plural John 19:31; τό σῶμα τίνος, Matthew 27:58; Mark 15:43; Luke 23:52, Luke 23:55; John 19:38, John 19:40; John 20:12; Jude 1:9; of the body of an animal offered in sacrifice, plural Hebrews 13:11 (Exodus 29:14; Numbers 19:3).

b. as in Greek writings from Hesiod down, the living body: — of animals, James 3:3; — of man: τό σῶμα, absolutely, Luke 11:34; Luke 12:23; 1 Corinthians 6:13, etc.; ἐν σώματι εἶναι, of earthly life with its troubles, Hebrews 13:3; distinguished from τό αἷμα, 1 Corinthians 11:27; τό σῶμα and τά μέλη of it, 1 Corinthians 12:12, 1 Corinthians 12:14-20; James 3:6; τό σῶμα the temple of τό ἅγιον πνεῦμα, 1 Corinthians 6:19; the instrument of the soul, τά διά τοῦ σωματου namely, πραχθεντα, 2 Corinthians 5:10; it is distinguished — from τό πνεῦμα, in Romans 8:10; 1 Corinthians 5:3; 1 Corinthians 6:20 Rec. ; 1 Corinthians 7:34; James 2:26 (4 Macc. 11:11); — from ἡ ψυχή, in Matthew 6:25; Matthew 10:28; Luke 12:22 (Wis. 1:4 Wis. 8:19f; 2 Macc. 7:37 2Macc. 14:38; 4 Macc. 1:28, etc.); — from ἡ ψυχή and τό πνεῦμα together, in 1 Thessalonians 5:23 (cf. Song of the Three, 63); σῶμα ψυχικόν and σῶμα πνευματικόν are distinguished, 1 Corinthians 15:44 (see πνευματικός , 1 and ψυχικός, a.); τό σῶμα τίνος, Matthew 5:29; Luke 11:34; Romans 4:19; Romans 8:23 (cf. Winer 's Grammar, 187 (176)), etc.; ὁ ναός τοῦ σωματου αὐτοῦ, the temple which was his body, John 2:21; plural, Romans 1:24; 1 Corinthians 6:15; Ephesians 5:28; the genitive of the possessor is omitted where it is easily learned from the context, as 1 Corinthians 5:3; 2 Corinthians 4:10; 2 Corinthians 5:8; Hebrews 10:22(23), etc.; τό σῶμα τῆς ταπεινώσεως ἡμῶν, the body of our humiliation (subjective genitive), i. e. which we wear in this servile and lowly human life, opposed to τό σῶμα τῆς δόξης αὐτοῦ (i. e. τοῦ Χριστοῦ), the body which Christ has in his glorified state with God in heaven, Philippians 3:21; διά τοῦ σωματου τοῦ Χριστοῦ, through the death of Christ's body, Romans 7:4; διά τῆς προσφοράς τοῦ σωματου Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, through the sacrificial offering of the body of Jesus Christ, Hebrews 10:10; τό σῶμα τῆς σαρκός, the body consisting of flesh, i. e. the physical body (tacitly opposed to Christ's spiritual body, the church, see 3 below), Colossians 1:22 (differently in Colossians 2:11 (see just below)); σῶμα τοῦ θανάτου, the body subject to death, given over to it (cf. Winer 's Grammar, § 30, 2 β.), Romans 7:24; the fact that the body includes ἡ σάρξ:, and in the flesh also the incentives to sin (see σάρξ , 4), gives origin to the following phrases: μή βασιλευέτω ἡ ἁμαρτία ἐν τῷ θνητῷ ὑμῶν σώματι, Romans 6:12 (cf. Winer 's Grammar, 524 (488)); αἱ πράξεις τοῦ σώματος, Romans 8:13. Since the body is the instrument of the soul (2 Corinthians 5:10), and its members the instruments either of righteousness or of iniquity (Romans 6:13, Romans 6:19), the following expressions are easily intelligible: σῶμα τῆς ἁμαρτίας, the body subject to, the thrall of, sin (cf. Winer 's Grammar, § 30, 2 β.), Romans 6:6; τό σῶμα τῆς σαρκός, subject to the incitements of the flesh, Colossians 2:11 (where Rec. has τό σῶμα τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν τῆς σαρκός). δοξάζετε τόν Θεόν ἐν τῷ σώματι ὑμῶν, 1 Corinthians 6:20; μεγαλύνειν τόν Χριστόν ἐν τῷ σώματι, εἴτε διά ζωῆς, εἴτε διά θανάτου, Philippians 1:20; παραστῆσαι τά σώματα θυσίαν... τῷ Θεῷ (i. e. by bodily purity (cf. Meyer at the passage)), Romans 12:1.

c. Since according to ancient law in the ease of slaves the body was the chief thing taken into account, it is a usage of later Greek to call slaves simply σώματα; once so in the N. T.: Revelation 18:13, where the Vulg. correctly translates bymancipia (A. V. slaves) (σώματα τοῦ οἴκου, Genesis 36:6; σώματα καί κτήνη, Tobit 10:10; Ἰουδαικα σώματα, 2 Macc. 8:11; examples from Greek writings are given by Lob. ad Phryn. , p. 378f (add (from Sophocles Lexicon, under the word), Polybius 1, 29, 7; 4, 38, 4, also 3, 17, 10 bis); the earlier and more elegant Greek writings said σώματα δοῦλα, ὀικετικα, etc.).

2. The name is transferred to the bodies of plants, 1 Corinthians 15:37, and of stars (cf. our 'heavenly bodies'), hence, Paul distinguishes between σώματα ἐπουράνια, bodies celestial, i. e. the bodies of the heavenly luminaries and of angels (see ἐπουράνιος , 1), and σώματα ἐπίγεια, bodies terrestrial (i. e. bodies of men, animals, and plants), 1 Corinthians 15:40 (ἅπαν σῶμα τῆς τῶν ὅλων φύσεως... τό σῶμα τοῦ κόσμου, diod. 1, 11).

3. tropically σῶμα is used of a (large or small) "number of men closely united into one society, or family as it were; a social, ethical, mystical body"; so in the N. T. of the church: Romans 12:5; 1 Corinthians 10:17; 1 Corinthians 12:13; Ephesians 2:16; Ephesians 4:16; Ephesians 5:23; Colossians 1:18; Colossians 2:19 Colossians 3:15; with τοῦ Χριστοῦ added, 1 Corinthians 10:16; 1 Corinthians 12:27; Ephesians 1:23; Ephesians 4:12; Ephesians 5:30; Colossians 1:24; of which spiritual body Christ; is the head, Ephesians 4:15; Ephesians 5:23; Colossians 1:18; Colossians 2:19, who by the influence of his Spirit works in the church as the soul does in the body. ἕν σῶμα καί ἕν πνεῦμα, Ephesians 4:4.

4. ἡ σκιά and τό σῶμα are distinguished as the shadow and the thing itself which casts the shadow: Colossians 2:17; σκιάν αἰτησόμενος βασιλείας, ἧς ἥρπασεν ἑαυτῷ τό σῶμα, Josephus , b. j. 2, 2, 5; ((Philo de confus. ling. § 37; Lucian , Hermot. 79)).

σωματικός

(4984) σωματικός, σωματική, σωματικον (σῶμα), from Aristotle down, "corporeal (Vulg. corporalis ), bodily;

a. having a bodily form or nature": σωματικῷ εἴδει, Luke 3:22 (opposed to ἀσώματος, Philo de opif. mund. § 4).

b. pertaining to the body: ἡ γυμνασία, 1 Timothy 4:8 (ἕξις, Josephus , b. j. 6, 1, 6: ἐπιθυμίαι σωματικαί, 4 Macc. 1:32; (ἐπιθυμίαι καί ἡδοναι, Aristotle , eth. Nic. 7, 7, p. 1149b, 26; others; ἀπέχου τῶν σαρκικῶν καί σωματικῶν σπιθυμιων, 'Teaching ' etc. 1, 4 [ET])).

σωματικῶς

(4985) σωματικῶς, adverb, bodily, corporeally (Vulg. corporaliter ), equivalent to ἐν σωματικῷ εἴδει, yet denoting his exalted and spiritual body, visible only to the inhabitants of heaven, Colossians 2:9, where see Meyer (cf. Lightfoot ).

Σώπατρος

(4986) Σώπατρος, Σωπατρου, ὁ (cf. Winer s Grammar, 103 (97)), Sopater, a Christian, one of Paul's companions: Acts 20:4. (See Σωσίπατρος .)

σωρεύω

(4987) σωρεύω: future σωρεύσω; perfect passive participle σεσωρευμενος; (σωρός, a heap); (from Aristotle down); to heap together, to heap up: τί ἐπί τί, Romans 12:20 (from Proverbs 25:22; see ἀνθρξ); τινα τίνι, to overwhelm one with a heap of anything: tropically, ἁμαρτίαις, to load one with the consciousness of many sins, passive, 2 Timothy 3:6. (Compare: ἐπισωρεύω.)

Σωσθένης

(4988) Σωσθένης, Σωσθενου, ὁ, Sosthenes;

1. the ruler of the Jewish synagogue at Corinth, and an opponent of Christianity: Acts 18:17.

2. a certain Christian, an associate of the apostle Paul: 1 Corinthians 1:1. The name was a common one among the Greeks.

Σωσίπατρος

(4989) Σωσίπατρος, Σωσιπατρου, ὁ, Sosipater, a certain Christian, one of Paul's kinsmen (perhaps the same man who in Acts 20:4 is called Σώπατρος (which see; yet the latter was from Beraea, Sosipater in Corinth); cf. Σωκράτης and Σωσικρατης, Σωκλειδης and Σωσικλειδης, see Fritzsche, Ep. ad Romans, vol. iii., p. 316; (cf. Fick , Gr. Personennamen, pp. 79, 80)): Romans 16:21.

σωτήρ

(4990) σωτήρ, σωτῆρος, ὁ (σῴζω), from Pindar and Aeschylus down, the Sept. for יֶשַׁע, יְשׁוּעָה (מושִׁיעַ ), savior, deliverer; preserver; (Vulg. (except Luke 1:47 (where salutaris)) salvator, Luth. Heiland) (cf. B. D. , under the word, I.); (Cicero , in Verr. 2:2, 63 Hoc quantum est? Ita magnum, ut Latine uno verbo exprimi non possit. Is est nimirum 'soter', qui salutem dedit . The name was given by the ancients to deities, especially tutelary deities, to princes, kings, and in general to men who had conferred signal benefits upon their country, and in the more degenerate days by way of flattery to personages of influence; see Passow (or Liddell and Scott), under the word; Paulus, Exgt. Hdbch. üb. d. drei erst. Evang. i., p. 103f; (Wetstein on Luke 2:11; B. D. as above)). In the N. T. the word is applied to God — Σωτήρ μου, he who signally exalts me, Luke 1:47; ὁ σωτήρ ἡμῶν, the author of our salvation through Jesus Christ (on the Christian conception of 'to save', see σῴζω , b. (and on the use of σωτήρ cf. Westcott on 1 John 4:14)), 1 Timothy 1:1; 1 Timothy 2:3; Titus 1:3; Titus 2:10; Titus 3:4; with διά Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ added, Jude 1:25 (Rec. omits διά Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ); σωτήρ πάντων, 1 Timothy 4:10 (cf. Psalms 23:5 (Psalms 24:5); Psalms 26:1 (Psalms 27:1); Isaiah 12:2; Isaiah 17:10; Isaiah 45:15, Isaiah 45:21; Micah 7:7, etc.); — to the Messiah, and Jesus as the Messiah, through whom God gives salvation: Luke 2:11; Acts 5:31; Acts 13:23; ὁ σωτήρ τοῦ κόσμου, John 4:42; 1 John 4:14; ἡμῶν, 2 Timothy 1:10; Titus 1:4; Titus 2:13; Titus 3:6; σωτήρἸησοῦς Χριστός, 2 Peter 1:11 (2 Peter 1:1 (where Rec.^bez ^elz inserts ἡμῶν)),11; 2 Peter 2:20; 2 Peter 3:18; ὁ κύριος καί σωτήρ, 2 Peter 3:2; σωτήρ τοῦ σώματος, universally ('the savior' i. e.) preserver of the body, i. e. of the church, Ephesians 5:23 (σωτήρ ὄντως ἁπάντων ἐστι καί γενέτωρ, of God the preserver of the world, Aristotle , de mundo, c. 6, p. 397{b}, 20); σωτήρ is used of Christ as the giver of future salvation, on his return from heaven, Philippians 3:20. ("The title is confined (with the exception of the writings of St Luke) to the later writings of the N. T." (Westcott as above.))

σωτηρία

(4991) σωτηρία, σωτηρίας, ἡ (σωτήρ), deliverance, preservation, safety, salvation: deliverance from the molestation of enemies, Acts 7:25; with ἐξ ἐχθρῶν added, Luke 1:71; preservation (of physical life), safety, Acts 27:34; Hebrews 11:7. in an ethical sense, that which conduces to the soul's safety or salvation: σωτηρία τίνι ἐγένετο, Luke 19:9; ἡγεῖσθαι τί σωτηρίαν, 2 Peter 3:15; in the technical biblical sense, the Messianic salvation (see σῴζω , b.),

a. universally, John 4:22; Acts 4:12; Acts 13:47; Romans 11:11; 2 Thessalonians 2:13; 2 Timothy 3:15; Hebrews 2:3; Hebrews 6:9; Jude 1:3; opposed to ἀπώλεια, Philippians 1:28; αἰώνιος σωτηρία, Hebrews 5:9 (for עולָמִים תְּשׁוּעַת, Isaiah 45:17); (add, Mark 16:1-20 WH in the (rejected) 'Shorter Conclusion'); ὁ λόγος τῆς σωτηρίας ταύτης, instruction concerning that salvation which John the Baptist foretold (cf. Winer 's Grammar, 237 (223)), Acts 13:26; τό εὐαγγέλιον τῆς σωτηρίας ὑμῶν, Ephesians 1:13; ὁδός σωτερριας, Acts 16:17; κέρας σωτηρίας (see κέρας , b.), Luke 1:69; ἡμέρα σωτηρίας, the time in which the offer of salvation is made, 2 Corinthians 6:2 (from Isaiah 49:8); κατεργάζεσθαι τήν ἑαυτοῦ σωτηρίαν, Philippians 2:12; κληρονομεῖν σωτηρίαν, Hebrews 1:14; (ὁ ἀρχηγός τῆς σωτηρίας, Hebrews 2:10); εἴα σωτηρίαν, unto (the attainment of) salvation, Rom. (Romans 1:16); 10:(Romans 10:1),Romans 10:10; 1 Peter 2:2 (Rec. omits).

b. salvation as the present possession of all true Christians (see σῴζω , b.): 2 Corinthians 1:6; 2 Corinthians 7:10; Philippians 1:19; σωτηρία ἐν ἀφέσει ἁμαρτιῶν, Luke 1:77; σωτηρίας τυχεῖν μετά δόξης αἰωνίου, 2 Timothy 2:10.

c. future salvation, the sum of benefits and blessings which Christians, redeemed from all earthly ills, will enjoy after the visible return of Christ from heaven in the consummated and eternal kingdom of God: Romans 13:11; 1 Thessalonians 5:9; Hebrews 9:28; 1 Peter 1:5, 1 Peter 1:10; Revelation 12:10; ἐλπίς σωτηρίας, 1 Thessalonians 5:8; κομίζεσθαι σωτηρίαν ψυχῶν, 1 Peter 1:9; ἡ σωτηρία τῷ Θεῷ ἐμῶν (dative of the possessor, namely, ἐστιν (cf. Buttmann , § 129, 22); cf. הַיִשׁוּעָה לַיְהוָה, Psalm 3:9), the salvation which is bestowed on us belongs to God, Revelation 7:10; ἡ σωτηρία... τοῦ Θεοῦ (genitive of the possessor (cf. Buttmann , § 132, 11, 1:a.), for Rec. τῷ Θεῷ) ἡμῶν namely, ἐστιν, Revelation 19:1. (Tragg. (Herodotus ), Thucydides , Xenophon , Plato , others. The Sept. for יֶשַׁע, יְשׁוּעָה, תְּשׁוּעָה, פְּלֵיטָה, escape.)

σωτήριος

(4992) σωτήριος, σωτήριον (σωτήρ), from Aeschylus , Euripides , Thucydides down, saving, bringing salvation: ἡ χάρις ἡ σωτήριος, Titus 2:11 (Wis. 1:14; 3Macc. 7:18; ἡ σωτήριος δίαιτα, Clement of Alexandria , Paedag., p. 48 edition Sylb.). Neuter τό σωτήριον (the Sept. often for יְשׁוּעָה, less frequently for יֶשַׁע ), as often in Greek writings, substantively, safety, in the N. T. (the Messianic) salvation (see σῴζω , b. and in σωτηρία): with τοῦ Θεοῦ added, decreed by God, Luke 3:6 (from Isaiah 40:5); Acts 28:28; Clement of Rome , 1 Cor. 35, 12 [ET]; he who embodies this salvation, or through whom God is about to achieve it: of the Messiah, Luke 2:30 (τό σωτήριον ἡμῶν, Ἰησοῦς Χριστός, Clement of Rome , 1 Cor. 36, 1 [ET] (where see Harnack)); simply, equivalent to the hope of (future) salvation, Ephesians 6:17. (In the Sept. τό σωτήριον is often used for שֶׁלֶם, a thank-offering (or 'peace-offering'), and the plural occurs in the same sense in Xenophon , Polybius , Diodorus , Plutarch , Lucian , Herodian .)

σωφρονέω

(4993) σωφρονέω, σωφρόνω; 1 aorist imperative σωφρονήσατε; (σώφρων, which see); from Tragg., Xenophon , Plato down; to be of sound mind, i. e.

a. to be in one's right mind: of one who has ceased δαιμονίζεσθαι, Mark 5:15; Luke 8:35; opposed to ἐκστηναι, 2 Corinthians 5:13, (the σωφρονων and μανεις are contrasted in Plato , de rep. i., p. 331 c.; σωφρονουσαι and μανεισαι, Phaedr., p. 244 b.; ὁ μεμηνως... ἐσωφρονησε, Apollod. 3, 5, 1, 6).

b. to exercise self-control; i. e.

α. to put a moderate estimate upon oneself, think of oneself soberly: opposed to ὑπερφρονεῖν, Romans 12:3.

β. to curb one's passions, Titus 2:6; joined with νήφω (as in Lucian , Nigrin. 6) (R. V. be of sound mind and be sober), 1 Peter 4:7.

σωφρονίζω

(4994) σωφρονίζω, 3 person plural indicative σωφρονιζουσιν, Titus 2:4 L marginal reading T Tr , others, subjunctive σωφρονίζωσι; "to make one σώφρων, restore one to his senses; to moderate, control, curb, discipline; to hold one to his duty; so from Euripides , and Thucydides down; to admonish, to exhort earnestly (R. V. train"): τινα followed by an infinitive Titus 2:4.

σωφρονισμός

(4995) σωφρονισμός, σωφρονισμοῦ, ὁ ((σωφρονίζω);

1. an admonishing or calling to soundness of mind, to moderation and self-control: Josephus , Antiquities 17, 9, 2; b. j. 2, 1,3; Appendix, Pun. 8, 65; Aesop fab. 38; Plutarch ; (Philo , legg. alleg. 3, 69).

2. self-control, moderation (σωφρονισμοι τινες ἤ μετανοιαι τῶν νέων, Plutarch , mor., p. 712 c. i. e. quaest. conviv. 8, 3): πνεῦμα σωφρονισμοῦ, 2 Timothy 1:7, where see Huther; (but Huther, at least in his later editions, takes the word transitively, equivalent to correction (R. V. discipline); see also Holtzmann at the passage).

σωφρόνως

(4996) σωφρόνως (σώφρων), adverb, from (Aeschylus ), Herodotus down, with sound mind, soberly, temperately, discreetly: Titus 2:12 (Wis. 9:11).

σωφροσύνη

(4997) σωφροσύνη, σωφροσύνης, ἡ (σώφρων), fr; Homer (where σαοφροσυνη) down;

a. soundness of mind (opposed to μανία, Xenophon , mem. 1, 1, 16; Plato , Prot., p. 323 b.): ῤήματα σωφροσύνης, words of sanity (A. V. soberness), Acts 26:25.

b. self-control, sobriety (ea virtus, cujus propriam est, motus animi appetentes regere et sedare semperque adversantem libidini moderntam in omni re servare constantiam, Cicero , Tusc. 3, 8, 17; ἡ σωφροσύνη ἐστι καί ἡδονῶν τινων καί ἐπιθυμιῶν ἐγκράτεια, Plato , rep. 4, 430 e.; cf. Phaedo, p. 68 c.; sympos., p. 196c.; (Diogenes Laërtius 3, 91; 4 Macc. 1:31; σωφροσύνη δέ ἀρετή δἰ ἥν πρός τάς ἡδονάς τοῦ σώματος οὕτως ἔχουσιν ὡς ὁ νόμος κελευει, ἀκολασία δέ τοὐναντίον, Aristotle , rhet. 1, 9, 9): 1 Timothy 2:15; joined with αἰδώς (as in Xenophon , Cyril 8, 1, 30f) ibid. 9; (cf. Trench , N. T. Synonyms, § xx., and see αἰδώς ).

σώφρων

(4998) σώφρων, σωφρον (from σάος, contracted σῶς (cf. σῴζω , at the beginning), and φρήν, hence, the poetic σαοφρων; cf. ἄφρων , ταπεινόφρων , μεγαλόφρων) (from Homer down);

a. of sound mind, sane, in one's senses (see σωφρονέω , a. and σωφροσύνη, a.).

b. curbing one's desires and impulses, self-controlled, temperate (R. V. soberminded) ((ἐπιθυμεῖ ὁ σώφρων ὧν δεῖ καί ὡς δεῖ καί ὅτε, Aristot eth. Nic. 3, 15 at the end), see (σωφροσύνη, b.): 1 Timothy 3:2; Titus 1:8; Titus 2:2, Titus 2:5.