Thayer's Greek Lexicon

Λ

λαγχάνω — λυμαίνω

λαγχάνω

(2975) λαγχάνω: 2 aorist ἔλαχον;

1. to obtain by lot (from Homer down): with the genitive of the thing, Luke 1:9 (cf. Buttmann , 269 (231); Winer s Grammar, 319 (299)); to receive by divine allotment, obtain: τί, Acts 1:17; 2 Peter 1:1; on the construction of this verb with the genitive and accusative of the thing, see Matthiae , § 328; Winer s Grammar, 200 (188); (cf. Buttmann , § 132, 8).

2. to cast lots, determine by lot (Isocrates , p. 144 b.; Diodorus 4, 63 (cf. ps.-Demosthenes in middle, p. 510, 26)): περί τίνος, John 19:24.

Λάζαρος

(2976) Λάζαρος, Λαζαρου, ὁ (rabb. לַעְזָר, apparently the same as אֶלְעָזָר, whom God helps (cf. Philo , quis haeres § 12); according to others, equivalent to עֶזֶר לֹא, without help), Lazarus;

1. an inhabitant of Bethany, beloved by Christ and raised from the dead by him: John 11:1, John 11:43; John 12:1,John 12:9,John 12:17.

2. an imaginary person, extremely poor and wretched: Luke 16:20, Luke 16:23-25.

λάθρᾳ

(2977) λάθρᾳ (so R G T Tr ) (in Homer λάθρῃ, from λανθάνω, λαθεῖν), and L (WH K C (see the latter's Praef., p. 12: and under the word εἰκῇ)) λάθρᾳ (from λαθρος, λάθρᾳ, λαθρον, cf. Passow (especially Liddell and Scott), under the word; Winer s Grammar, 47; Buttmann , 69 (61)), adverb secretly: Matthew 1:19; Matthew 2:7; John 11:28; Acts 16:37. (From Homer down; the Sept. .)

λαῖλαψ

(2978) λαῖλαψ ((L T Tr WH ) not λαῖλαψ (Griesbach), cf. Winer s Grammar, § 6, 1 e.; Lipsius , Grammat. Untersuch., p. 37f; (Chandler § 620; Tdf. Proleg., p. 101)), λαίλαπος, ἡ (masculine in א* Mark 4:37; cf. Thomas Magister , Ritschl edition, p. 226, 4), a whirlwind, tempestuous wind: 2 Peter 2:17; λαῖλαψ ἀνέμου (cf. German Sturmwind; ἄνεμος σύν λαίλαπι πολλή, Homer , Iliad 17, 57), a violent attack of wind (A. V. a storm of wind), a squall ((see below)), Mark 4:37; Luke 8:23. (The Sept. , Job 21:18; Job 38:1; Wis. 5:15, 24; Sir. 48:9.) (According to Schmidt (chapter 55 § 13), λαῖλαψ is never a single gust, nor a steadily blowing wind, however violent; but a storm breaking forth from black thunder-clouds in furious gusts, with floods of rain, and throwing everything topsy-turvy; according to Aristotle , de mund. 4, p. 395{a}, 7 it is 'a whirlwind revolving from below upward.')

λακτίζω

(2979) λακτίζω; (from adverb λάξ, with the heel); (fr. Homer down); to kick, strike with the heel: Acts 26:14, and Rec. in Acts 9:5; see κέντρον , 2.

λαλέω

(2980) λαλέω, λαλῶ; imperfect 3 person singular ἐλάλει, plural ἐλάλουν; future λαλήσω; 1 aorist ἐλάλησα; perfect λελάληκα; passive, present λαλοῦμαι; perfect λελάλημαι; 1 aorist ἐλαλήθην; 1 future λαληθήσομαι: (from Sophocles down); found in Biblical Greek much more frequent than in secular authors, in the Sept. times without number for דִּבֵּר or דִּבֶּר, more rarely for אָמַר; properly, to utter a sound (cf. (onomatop. la-la, etc.) German lallen), to emit a voice make oneself heard; hence to utter or form words with the mouth, to speak, having reference to the sound and pronunciation of the words and in general the form of what is uttered. while λεγο refers to the meaning and substance of what is spoken; hence λαλεῖν is employed not only of men, especially when chatting and prattling, but also of animals (of birds, Mosch. 3, 47; of locusts, Theocritus , 5, 34; λαλοῦσι μέν, οὐ φραζουσι δέ, of dogs and apes, Plutarch , mor. ii., p. 909 a.), and so of inanimate things (as trees, Theocritus , 27, 56 (57); of an echo, Dio C. 74, 21, 14). Accordingly, everything λεγόμενον is also λαλούμενον, but not everything λαλούμενον is also λεγόμενον (Eupolis in Plutarch , Alc. 13 λαλεῖν ἄριστος, ἀδυνατωτατος λέγειν); (the difference between the words is evident where they occur in proximity, e. g. Romans 3:19 ὅσα ὁ νόμος λέγει, τοῖς ἐν τῷ νόμῳ λαλεῖ, and the very common ἐλάλησεν... λέγων, Matthew 13:3, etc.). Moreover, the primary meaning of λαλεῖν, to utter oneself, enables us easily to understand its very frequent use in the sacred writers to denote the utterances by which G o d indicates or gives proof of his mind and will, whether immediately or through the instrumentality of his messengers and heralds. (Perhaps this use may account in part for the fact that, though in classic Greek λαλεῖν is the term for light and familiar speech, and so assumes readily a disparaging notion: in Biblical Greek it is nearly ff not quite free from any such suggestion.) Cf. Day. Schulz die Geistesgaben der ersten Christen, p. 94ff; Tittmann de Synonymis N. T., p. 79f; Trench , Synonyms, § lxxvi.; (and on classical usage Schmidt , Syn. 1:1). But let us look at the N. T. usage in detail:

1. to utter a voice, emit a sound: of things inanimate, as βρονταί, Revelation 10:4; with τάς ἑαυτῶν φωνάς added, each thunder uttered its particular voice (the force and meaning of which the prophet understood, cf. John 12:28); John 12:3; σάλπιγγος λαλούσης μετ' ἐμοῦ, λέγων (Rec. λέγουσα) followed by direct discourse Revelation 4:1; of the expiatory blood of Christ, metaphorically, to crave the pardon of sins, Hebrews 12:24; of the murdered Abel, long since dead, equivalent to to call for vengeance (see Genesis 4:10, and cf. κράζω , 1 at the end), Hebrews 11:4 according to the true reading λαλεῖ; (G L T Tr WH ; the Rec. λαλεῖται must be taken as passive, in the exceptional sense to be talked of, lauded; see below, 5 at the end (πρᾶγμα κατ' ἀγοράν λαλούμενον, Aristophanes Thesm. 578, cf. πάντες αὐτήν λαλοῦσιν, Alciphro fragment 5, ii., p. 222, 10 edition Wagner)).

2. to speak, i. e. to use the tongue or the faculty of speech; to utter articulate sounds: absolutely 1 Corinthians 14:11; of the dumb, receiving the power of speech, Matthew 9:33; Matthew 12:22; Matthew 15:31; Luke 11:14; Revelation 13:15; (τούς (T Tr WH omit)) ἀλάλους λαλεῖν, Mark 7:37; ἐλάλει ὀρθῶς, Mark 7:35; of a deaf-mute man, μή δυνάμενος λαλῆσαι, Luke 1:20 (of idols, στόμα ἔχουσι καί οὐ λαλήσουσι, Psalm 113:13 (Psalms 115:5); Psalms 134:16; cf. Psalms 3:1-8Macc. 4:16); to speak, i. e. not to be silent, opposed to holding one's peace, λαλεῖ καί μή σιωπήσῃς, Acts 18:9; opposed to hearing, James 1:19; opposed to the soul's inner experiences, 2 Corinthians 4:13 from Psalms 115:1 (Psalms 116:10); opposed to ποιεῖν (as λόγος to ἔργον which see 3), James 2:12.

3. to talk; of the sound and outward form of speech: τῇ ἰδίᾳ διαλέκτῳ, Acts 2:6; ἑτέραις καιναῖς γλώσσαις, Acts 2:4; Mark 16:17 (here Tr text WH text omit καιναῖς), from which the simple γλώσσαις λαλεῖν, and the like, are to be distinguished, see γλῶσσα , 2.

4. to utter, tell: with the accusative of the thing, 2 Corinthians 12:4.

5. to use words in order to declare one's mind and disclose one's thoughts; to speak: absolutely, ἔτι αὐτοῦ λαλοῦντος, Matthew 12:46; Matthew 17:5; Matthew 26:47; Mark 5:35; Mark 14:43; Luke 8:49; Luke 22:47, Luke 22:60; with the adverbs κακῶς, καλῶς, John 18:23; ὡς νήπιος ἐλάλουν, 1 Corinthians 13:11; ὡς δράκων, Revelation 13:11; στόμα πρός στόμα, face to face (German mündlich), 2 John 1:12 (after the Hebrew of Numbers 12:8); εἰς ἀέρα λαλεῖν, 1 Corinthians 14:9; ἐκ τοῦ περισσεύματος τῆς καρδίας τό στωμα λαλεῖ, out of the abundance of the heart the mouth speaketh, namely, so that it expresses the soul's thoughts, Matthew 12:34; Luke 6:45; ἐκ τῶν ἰδίων λαλεῖν, to utter words in accordance with one's inner character, John 8:44. with the accusative of the thing: τί λαλήσω, λαλήσητε, etc., what I shall utter in speech, etc., John 12:50; Matthew 10:19; Mark 9:6 (here T Tr WH ἀποκριθῇ); Mark 13:11; τί, anything, Mark 11:23 L T Tr text WH ; Romans 15:18; 1 Thessalonians 1:8; οὐκ οἴδαμεν τί λαλεῖ, what he says, i. e. what the words uttered by him mean (WH brackets τί λαλεῖ), John 16:18; ταῦτα, these words, Luke 24:36; John 8:30; John 17:1, John 17:13; 1 Corinthians 9:8; τό λαλούμενον, 1 Corinthians 14:9; plural Acts 16:14 (of the words of a teacher); τόν λόγον λαλούμενον, Mark 5:36 (see Buttmann , 302 (259) note); λόγους, 1 Corinthians 14:19; ῤήματα, John 8:20; Acts 10:44; παραβολήν, Matthew 13:33; βλασφημίας, Mark 2:7 (L T Tr WH βλασφημεῖ); Luke 5:21; ῤήματα βλάσφημα εἰς τινα, Acts 6:11; ῤήματα (Rec. adds βλάσφημα) κατά τίνος, Acts 6:13; σκληρά κατά τίνος, Jude 1:15; ὑπέρογκα, Jude 1:16 (Dan. (Theod. ) Daniel 11:36); τά μή δέοντα, 1 Timothy 5:13 (ἅ μή θέμις, 2 Macc. 12:14; εἰς τινα τά μή καθήκοντα, 3Macc. 4:16; (cf. Winer 's Grammar, 480 (448))); διεστραμμένα, Acts 20:30; τό ψεῦδος, John 8:44; δόλον, 1 Peter 3:10 from Psalms 33:14 (Psalms 34:14); ἀγαθά, Matthew 12:31; σοφίαν, 1 Corinthians 2:6; μυστήρια; 1 Corinthians 14:2; followed by ὅτι (equivalent to περί τούτου, ὅτι etc. to speak of this, viz. that they knew him (see ὅτι , I. 2 under the end)), Mark 1:34; Luke 4:41; contrary to classic usage, followed by direct discourse, Mark 14:31 L text T Tr WH ; Hebrews 5:5; Hebrews 11:18, (but in these last two passages of the utterances of God); more correctly elsewhere ἐλάλησε λέγων (in imitation of Hebrew לֵאמֹר יְדַבֵּר (cf. above (at the beginning))), followed by direct discourse: Matthew 14:27; Matthew 23:1; Matthew 28:18; John 8:12; Acts 8:26; Acts 26:31; Acts 28:25; Revelation 17:1; Revelation 21:9; λαλοῦσα καί λέγουσα, Revelation 10:8. λαλῶ with the dative of person to speak to one, address him (especially of teachers): Matthew 12:46; Matthew 23:1; Luke 24:6; John 9:29; John 15:22; Acts 7:38, Acts 7:44; Acts 9:27; Acts 16:13; Acts 22:9; Acts 23:9; Romans 7:1; 1 Corinthians 3:1; 1 Corinthians 14:21, 1 Corinthians 14:28; 1 Thessalonians 2:16; Hebrews 1:2 (1); of one commanding, Matthew 28:18; Mark 16:19; to speak to, i. e. converse with, one (cf. Buttmann , § 133, 1): Matthew 12:46 (47 but WH marginal reading only); Luke 1:22; Luke 24:32; John 4:26; John 12:29; ἑαυτοῖς (the dative of person) ψαλμοῖς καί ὕμνοις (dative of instrument), Ephesians 5:19; οὐ λαλεῖν τίνι is used of one who does not answer, John 19:10; to accost one, Matthew 14:27; λαλῶ τί τίνι, to speak anything to anyone, to speak to one about a thing (of teaching): Matthew 9:18; John 8:25 (on which see ἀρχή , 1 b.); John 10:6; John 14:25; John 15:11; John 18:20; 2 Corinthians 7:14; ῤήματα, John 6:63; John 14:10; Acts 13:42; οἰκοδομήν καί παράκλησιν, things which tend to edify and comfort the soul, 1 Corinthians 14:3; of one promulgating a thing to one, τόν νόμον, passive Hebrews 9:19; λαλῶ πρός τινα, to speak unto one: Luke 1:19; (Luke 2:15 L marginal reading T WH ); Acts 4:1; Acts 8:26; Acts 9:29; Acts 21:39; Acts 26:14 (R G ), 26, 31; Hebrews 5:5 (אֶל דִּבֵּר, Genesis 27:6; Exodus 30:11, Exodus 30:17, Exodus 30:22); λόγους πρός τινα, Luke 24:44; ἐλάλησαν πρός αὐτούς ἀυαγγελιζόμενοι... Ἰησοῦν, Acts 11:20; ὅσα ἄν λαλήσῃ πρός ὑμᾶς, Acts 3:22; σοφίαν ἐν τισίν, wisdom among etc. 1 Corinthians 2:6; λαλεῖν μετά τίνος, to speak, converse, with one (cf. Buttmann , § 133, 3): Mark 6:50; John 4:27; John 9:37; John 14:30; Revelation 1:12; Revelation 10:8; Revelation 17:1; Revelation 21:9, Revelation 21:15; λαλεῖν ἀλήθειαν μετά etc. to show oneself a lover of truth in conversation with others, Ephesians 4:25 (cf. Ellicott); λαλεῖν περί τίνος, concerning a person or thing: Luke 2:33; Luke 9:11; John 7:13; John 8:26; John 12:41; Acts 2:31; Hebrews 2:5; Hebrews 4:8; with τίνι, dative of person, added, Luke 2:38; Acts 22:10; τί περί τίνος, Acts 28:21; Luke 2:17; εἰς τινα περί τίνος (the genitive of the thing), to speak something as respects a person concerning a thing, Hebrews 7:14 R G ; εἰς τινα περί with the genitive of person, ibid. L T Tr WH . Many of the examples already cited show that λαλεῖν is frequently used in the N. T. of teachers, — of Jesus, the apostles, and others. To those passages may be added, Luke 5:4; John 1:37; John 7:46; John 8:30, John 8:38; John 12:50; Acts 6:10; Acts 11:15; Acts 14:1, Acts 14:9; Acts 16:14; 1 Corinthians 14:34; 2 Corinthians 2:17; Colossians 4:3; 1 Thessalonians 2:4; 1 Peter 4:11; with παρρησία added, John 7:26; John 16:29; ἐπί ὀνόματι Ἰησοῦ, Acts 5:40, cf. Acts 4:17, see ἐπί , B. 2 a. β.; τῷ ὀνόματι κυρίου (where L T Tr WH prefix ἐν), of the prophets, James 5:10 (see ὄνομα , 2 f.); τίνι (to one) ἐν παραβολαῖς, Matthew 13:3, Matthew 13:10, Matthew 13:13, Matthew 13:34; ἐν παροιμίαις, John 16:25; ἐξ ἐμαυτοῦ, to speak from myself (i. e. utter what I myself have thought out), John 12:49; ἀπ' ἐμαυτοῦ (see ἀπό , II. 2 d. aa., p. 59{a}), John 7:17; John 14:10; John 16:13; ἐκ τῆς γῆς (see ἐκ , II. 2 under the end), John 3:31; ἐκ τοῦ κόσμου, 1 John 4:5 (see κόσμος , 6); ἐκ Θεοῦ, prompted by divine influence, 2 Corinthians 2:17; λαλεῖν, τόν λόγον, to announce or preach the word of God or the doctrine of salvation: Mark 8:32; Acts 14:25 (here in T WH marginal reading followed by εἰς τήν Πέργην; see εἰς , A. I. 5 b.); Acts 16:6; Philippians 1:14, etc.; τόν λόγον τοῦ Θεοῦ, Acts 4:29, Acts 4:31; τίνι τόν λόγον, Mark 2:2; Acts 11:19; with παραβολαῖς added, Mark 4:33; τίνι τόν λόγον τοῦ κυρίου (WH text Θεοῦ), Acts 16:32 (the Epistle of Barnabas 19, 9 [ET]); τίνι τόν λόγον τοῦ Θεοῦ, Acts 13:46; Hebrews 13:7; τά ῤήματα τοῦ Θεοῦ, John 3:34; τά ῤήματα τῆς ζωῆς, Acts 5:20; πρός τινα τό εὐαγγέλιον τοῦ Θεοῦ, 1 Thessalonians 2:2; λαλεῖν καί διδάσκειν τά περί τοῦ Ἰησοῦ (R G κυρίου), Acts 18:25; τό μυστήριον τοῦ Χριστοῦ, Colossians 4:3. λαλεῖν is used of the O. T. prophets uttering their predictions: Luke 24:25; Acts 3:24; Acts 26:22 (cf. Buttmann , § 144, 20, and p. 301 (258)); 2 Peter 1:21; James 5:10; of the declarations and prophetic announcements of God: Luke 1:45, Luke 1:55; John 9:29; Acts 7:6; especially in the Epistle to the Hebrews: Hebrews 1:1, Hebrews 1:2 (1); Hebrews 3:5; Hebrews 4:8; Hebrews 11:18; Hebrews 12:25; God, the Holy Spirit, Christ, are said λαλεῖν ἐν τίνι: Hebrews 1:1, Hebrews 1:2 (1); Matthew 10:20; 2 Corinthians 13:3; διά στόματος τίνος, Luke 1:70; Acts 3:21; διά Ἠσαΐου, Acts 28:25; of the sayings of angels: Luke 2:17, Luke 2:26; John 12:29; Acts 10:7; Acts 23:9; Acts 27:25; the Holy Spirit is said λαλήσειν what it will teach the apostles, John 16:13; ὁ νόμος as a manifestation of God is said λαλεῖν τίνι what it commands, Romans 3:19; finally, even voices are said λαλεῖν, Acts 26:14 (R G ); Revelation 1:12; Revelation 10:8. equivalent to to make known by speaking, to speak of, relate, with the implied idea of extolling: Matthew 26:13; Mark 14:9; Luke 24:36; Acts 4:20; (cf. Hebrews 11:4 Rec. (see 1 at the end above)).

6. Since λαλεῖν, strictly denotes the act of one who utters words with the living voice, when writers speak of themselves or are spoken of by others as λαλοῦντες, they are conceived of as present and addressing their readers with the living voice, Romans 7:1; 1 Corinthians 9:8; 2 Corinthians 11:17, 2 Corinthians 11:23; 2 Corinthians 12:19; Hebrews 2:5; Hebrews 6:9; 2 Peter 3:16, or λαλεῖν is used in the sense of commanding, Hebrews 7:14. The verb λαλεῖν is not found in the Epistles to Galatians and 2 Thessalonians. (Compare: διαλαλέω, ἐκλαλέω, καταλαλέω, προσλαλέω, συλλαλέω; cf. the catalog of comp. in Schmidt , Syn., chapter i § 60.)

λαλιά

(2981) λαλιά, λαλιᾶς, ἡ (λάλος, cf. Alexander Buttmann (1873) Ausf. Sprchl. § 119 Anm. 21), in secular authors (from Aristophanes down) loquacity, talkativeness, talk (German Gerede) (see λαλέω , at the beginning); in a good sense conversation; in the N. T.

1. speech, equivalent to story: John 4:42.

2. dialect, mode of speech, pronunciation (Winer 's Grammar, 23): Mark 14:70 Rec. ; Matthew 26:73; speech which discloses the speaker's native country: hence of the speech by which Christ may be recognized as having come from heaven, John 8:43 (where cf. Meyer).

λεμά

(2982) λαμά (R G (on the accent see Tdf. Proleg. 102)) in Matthew 27:46 and λαμμᾶ (R G ) Mark 15:34 (the Hebrew word לָמָּה from Psalms 21:1 (Psalms 22:1)), why; in the former passage Lachmann reads λῆμα, in the latter λεμα, Tdf. λεμα in both, Tr WH λεμα in Matt. but λαμά in Mark; the form in ἤ or ἐ reproduces the Chaldean לְמָא or לְמָה; on the remarkable diversity of spelling in the manuscripts cf. Tdf. on each passage (WH on Matthew, the passage cited), and Fritzsche on Mark, p. 693.

λαμβάνω

(2983) λαμβάνω; imperfect ἐλάμβανον; future λήψομαι (L T Tr WH λήμψομαι, an Alexandrian form; see under the word Mu); 2 aorist ἔλαβον (2 person plural once (in Tdf. 7 after B *) ἐλαβατε, 1 John 2:27; see references under the word ἀπέρχομαι, at the beginning), imperative λαβέ (Revelation 10:8), not λαβέ (Winer s Grammar, § 6, 1 a.; Buttmann , 62 (54)); perfect εἴληφα, 2 person ἐοιληφας (and ἐιληφες (Revelation 11:17 WH ; see κοπιάω ); on the use of the perfect interchangeably with an aorist (Revelation 5:7; Revelation 8:5, etc.) cf. Buttmann , 197 (170); Winer 's Grammar, 272 (255); Jebb in Vincent and Dickson's Modern Greek, 2nd edition, Appendix, §§ 67, 68), participle εἰληφώς; (passive, present participle λαμβανόμενος; perfect 3 person singular ἐιληπται, John 8:4 WH marginal reading (rejected section)); the Sept. hundreds of times for לָקַח, very often for נָשָׂא, also for לָכַד and several times for אָחַז; (from Homer down);

I. to take, i. e.:

1. to take with the hand, lay hold of, any person or thing in order to use it: absolutely, where the context shows what is taken, Matthew 26:26; Mark 14:22; (τόν) ἄρτον, Matthew 26:26; Acts 27:35; τό βιβλίον, Revelation 5:7-9 (see Buttmann , and Winer 's Grammar, as above); μαχαιρον (grasp, lay hand to), Matthew 26:52, and in many other examples After a circumstantial style of description (see ἀνίστημι , II. 1 c.) in use from Homer down (cf. Passow , under the word C.; (Liddell and Scott, under the word I. 11); Matthiae , § 558, Anm. 2; (Winer 's Grammar, § 65, 4 c.)), the participle λαβών with the accusative of the object is placed before an active verb where it does not always seem to us necessary to mention the act of taking (as λαβών κυσε χεῖρα (cf. our 'he took and kissed'), Homer , Odyssey 24, 398): Matthew 13:31, Matthew 13:33; Matthew 17:27; Mark 9:36; Luke 13:19, Luke 13:21; John 12:3; Acts 2:23 Rec. ; Acts 9:25; Acts 16:3; λαβών τό αἷμα... τόν λαόν ἐρράντισε (equivalent to τῷ αἵματι... τόν λαόν ἐρράντισε), Hebrews 9:19; or the verb λαβεῖν in a finite form followed by καί precedes, as ἔλαβε τόν Ἰησοῦν καί ἐμαστίγωσεν, John 19:1; add, John 19:40; John 21:13; Revelation 8:5; also λαβεῖν τόν ἄρτον... καί βαλεῖν etc., Matthew 15:26; Mark 7:27; ἔλαβον... καί ἐποίησαν, John 19:23. metaphorically, ἀφορμήν (see the word, 2), Romans 7:8, Romans 7:11; ὑπόδειγμα τίνος (the genitive of the thing) τινα, to take one as an example of a thing, for imitation, James 5:10; to take in order to wear, τά ἱμάτια, i. e. to put on: John 13:12 (ἐσθῆτα, ὑποδήματα, Herodotus 2, 37; 4, 78); μορφήν δούλου, Philippians 2:7. to take in the mouth: something to eat, John 13:30; Acts 9:19; 1 Timothy 4:4 (cf. Latin cibum capio , to take food); to take anything to drink, i. e. drink, swallow, ὕδωρ, Revelation 22:17; to drink, τό ὄξος, John 19:30; οὐκ ἔλαβε, he did not take it, i. e. refused to drink it, Mark 15:23. to take up a thing to be carried; to take upon oneself: τόν σταυρόν αὐτοῦ, Matthew 10:38 (L marginal reading ἄρῃ); to take with one for future use: ἄρτους, Matthew 16:5, Matthew 16:7; λαμπάδας, Matthew 25:1; ἔλαιον μεθ' ἑαυτῶν, ibid. 3.

2. to take in order to carry away: without the notion of violence, τάς ἀσθενείας, i. e. to remove, take away, Matthew 8:17; with the notion of violence, to seize, take away forcibly: Matthew 5:40; Revelation 3:11; τήν εἰρήνην ἐκ (Rec. ἀπό (WH brackets ἐκ)) τῆς γῆς, Revelation 6:4.

3. to take what is one's own, to take to oneself, to make one's own;

a. to claim, procure, for oneself: τί, John 3:27 (opposed to what is given); ἑαυτῷ βασιλείαν, Luke 19:12; with the accusative of the person to associate with one' s self as companion, attendant, etc.: λαβών τήν σπεῖραν ἔρχεται, taking with him the band of soldiers (whose aid he might use) he comes, John 18:3 (στρατόν λαβών ἔρχεται, Sophocles Trach. 259); λαμβάνειν γυανικα, to take i. e. marry a wife, Mark 12:19-22; Luke 20:28-31 (Genesis 4:19, etc.; Xenophon , Cyril 8, 4, 16; Bur. Alc. 324; with ἑαυτῷ added, Genesis 4:19; Genesis 6:2, and often).

b. of that which when taken is not let go, like the Latin capio , equivalent to to seize, lay hold of, apprehend: τινα, Matthew 21:35, Matthew 21:39; Mark 12:3, Mark 12:8, and very often in Greek writings from Homer down; tropically, τί, i. e. to get possession of, obtain, a thing, Philippians 3:12 (cf. Winer s Grammar, 276 (259)); metaphorically, of affections or evils seizing on a man (Latin capio, occupo ): τινα ἔλαβεν ἔκστασις, Luke 5:26; φόβος, Luke 7:16 (very often so even in Homer , as τρόμος ἐλλαβε γυια, Iliad 3, 34; με ἵμερος αἴρει, 3, 446; χόλος, 4, 23; the Sept. Exodus 15:15; Wis. 11:13 (12)); πνεῦμα (i. e., a demon), Luke 9:39; πειρασμός, 1 Corinthians 10:13.

c. to take by craft (our catch, used of hunters, fishermen, etc.): οὐδέν, Luke 5:5; tropically, τινα, to circumvent one by fraud, 2 Corinthians 11:20; with δόλῳ added, 2 Corinthians 12:16.

d. to take to oneself, lay hold upon, take possession of, i. e. to appropriate to oneself: ἑαυτῷ τήν τιμήν, Hebrews 5:4.

e. Latin capto , catch at, reach after, strive to obtain: τί παρά τίνος (the genitive of person), John 5:34, John 5:41; alternating with ζητεῖν, John 5:44.

f. to take a thing due according to agreement or law, to collect, gather (tribute): τά δίδραχμα, Matthew 17:24; τέλη ἀπό τίνος, 25; δεκάτας, Hebrews 7:8; καρπούς, Matthew 21:34; παρά τῶν γεωργῶν ἀπό τοῦ καρποῦ, Mark 12:2.

4. to take i. e. to admit, receive: τινα ῤαπίσμασιν, Mark 14:65 L T Tr WH (cf. Latin verberibus aliquem accipere ), but see βάλλω , 1; τινα εἰς τά ἰδίᾳ, unto his own home (see ἴδιος , 1 b.), John 19:27; εἰς οἰκίαν, 2 John 1:10; εἰς τό πλοῖον, John 6:21. to receive what is offered; not to refuse or reject: τινα, one, in order to obey him, John 1:12; John 5:43; John 13:20; τί, properly, to receive, Matthew 27:6; tropically: τόν λόγον, to admit or receive into the mind, Matthew 13:20; Mark 4:16 (for which in Luke 8:13 δέχονται; τήν μαρτυρίαν, to believe the testimony, John 3:11, John 3:32; τά ῤήματα τίνος, John 12:48; John 17:8. In imitation of the Hebrew פָּנִים נָשָׂא (on the various senses of which in the O. T. cf. Gesenius, Thesaurus, ii., p. 915f), πρόσωπον λαμβάνω, to receive a person, give him access to oneself, i. e. to regard anyone's power, rank, external circumstances, and on that account to do some injustice or neglect something: used of partiality (A. V. to accept the person), Luke 20:21; with ἀνθρώπου added, Galatians 2:6 (Leviticus 19:15; Malachi 2:9, etc.; θαυμάζειν τό πρόσωπον, Deuteronomy 10:17; Job 32:22); (cf. Lightfoot on Galatians, the passage cited).

5. to take, equivalent to to choose, select: τινα ἐκ τινων, passive Hebrews 5:1.

6. To the signification to take may be referred that use, frequent in Greek authors also (cf. Passow , under the word, B. d. at the end; (Liddell and Scott, II. 3)), by which λαμβάνειν joined to a substantive forms a periphrasis of the verb whose idea is expressed by the substantive: λαμβάνειν ἀρχήν to take beginning, equivalent to ἄρχομαι to begin, Hebrews 2:3 (Polybius 1, 12, 9, and often; Aelian v. h. 2, 28; 12, 53, and in other authors); λήθην τίνος, to forget, 2 Peter 1:9 (Josephus , Antiquities 2, 6, 10; 9, 1; 4, 8, 44; Aelian v. h. 3, 18 under the end; h. anim. 4, 35); ὑπόμνησιν τίνος, to be reminded of a thing, 2 Timothy 1:5; περιαν τίνος, to prove anything, i. e. either to make trial of: ἧς namely, θαλάσσης, which they attempted to pass through, Hebrews 11:29; or to have trial of, to experience: also with the genitive of the thing, Hebrews 11:36 (in both senses often also in classical Greek; see πεῖρα , and Bleek, Br. a. d. Hebrews 2:2, p. 811); συμβούλιον λαμβάνειν, to take counsel, equivalent to συμβουλεύεσθαι, to deliberate (a combination in imitation apparently of the Latin phrase consilium capere , although that signifies to form a plan, to resolve): Matthew 12:14; Matthew 22:15; Matthew 27:1, Matthew 27:7; Matthew 28:12; θάρσος, to take, receive, courage, Acts 28:15; τό χάραγμα τίνος, equivalent to χάρσσομαι τί, to receive the mark of, i. e. let oneself be marked or stamped with: Revelation 14:9, Revelation 14:11; Revelation 19:20; Revelation 20:4.

II. to receive (what is given); to gain, get, obtain: absolutely, opposed to αἰτεῖν, Matthew 7:8; Luke 11:10; John 16:24; opposed to διδόναι, Acts 20:35; Matthew 10:8; with the accusative of the thing, Matthew 20:9; Mark 10:30; (Luke 18:30 L text WH text Tr marginal reading); John 7:39; Acts 2:38; Acts 10:43; Romans 1:5; Romans 5:11; 1 Corinthians 2:12; 1 Corinthians 9:24; 2 Corinthians 11:4; Galatians 3:14; Hebrews 9:15; (Hebrews 11:13 R G , see ἐπαγγελία , 2 b.; cf. Winer 's Grammar, 237 (222)); James 1:12; James 5:7; 1 Peter 4:10; Revelation 4:11; Revelation 5:12, and many other examples; μισθόν, Matthew 10:41; John 4:36; 1 Corinthians 3:8, 1 Corinthians 3:14; ἐλεημοσύνην, Acts 3:3; ἔλεος, Hebrews 4:16; τόπον ἀπολογίας, Acts 25:16; τήν ἐπισκοπήν, Acts 1:20; διάδοχον, Acts 24:27 (successorem accipio , Pliny , epistles 9, 13); τό ἱκανόν παρά τίνος (the genitive of person), Acts 17:9 (see ἱκανός , a. at the end); of punishments: κρίμα, Matthew 23:14-13Rec. ; Mark 12:40 (cf. Winer 's Grammar, 183 (172)); Luke 20:47 James 3:1; with the dative incommodi added, ἑαυτῷ, Romans 13:2 (δίκην, Herodotus 1, 115; Euripides , Bacch. 1312; ποινας, Euripides , Tro. 360). οἰκοδομήν, to receive edifying, equivalent to ὀικοδομοῦμαι, 1 Corinthians 14:5; περιτομήν, equivalent to περιτέμνομαι, John 7:23; τί ἐκ τιονς, John 1:16; ἐξ ἀναστάσεως τούς νεκρούς, substantially equivalent to to receive, get back, Hebrews 11:35 (see ἐκ , II. 6); ἐκ, a part of a thing (see ἐκ , II. 9), Revelation 18:4; τί παρά τίνος (the genitive of person) (Luke 6:34 T Tr text WH ); John 10:18; Acts 2:33; Acts 3:5; Acts 20:24; Acts 26:10; James 1:7; 1 John 3:22 R G ; 2 John 1:4; Revelation 2:28 (Revelation 2:27); ἀπό τίνος (the genitive of person), 1 John 2:27; (1 John 3:22 L T Tr WH ); on the difference between παρά and ἀπό τίνος λαμβάνειν, cf. Winer s Grammar, 370 (347) note; (Buttmann , § 147, 5; yet see Lightfoot on Galatians 1:12); ὑπό τίνος, 2 Corinthians 11:24; πῶς εἴληφας, how thou hast received by instruction in the gospel, i. e. hast learned, Revelation 3:3. The verb λαμβάνω does not occur in the Epistles to the Thessalonians, Philemon, Titus, nor in the Epistle of Jude. [COMPARE: ἀναλαμβάνω, ἀντιλαμβάνω, συναντιλαμβάνομαι, ἀπολαμβάνω, ἐπιλαμβάνω, καταλαμβάνω, μεταλαμβάνω, παραλαμβάνω, συνπαραλαμβάνω, προλαμβάνω, προσλαμβάνω, συνλαμβάνω, συνπεριλαμβάνω, ὑπολαμβάνω.

SYNONYM: see δέχομαι , at the end]

Λάμεχ

(2984) Λάμεχ, ὁ (Hebrew לֶמֶך), Lamech, the father of Noah (Genesis 5:25): Luke 3:36.

λαμπάς

(2985) λαμπάς, λαμπάδος, ἡ (λάμπω, cf. our lamp) (from Aeschylus and Thucydides down), the Sept. for לַפִּיד;

1. a torch: Revelation 4:5 (where A. V. lamps); Revelation 8:10.

2. a lamp, the flame of which is fed with oil: Matthew 25:1, Matthew 25:3, Matthew 25:7; John 18:3; Acts 20:8. (Cf. Trench , Synonyms, § xlvi.; Edersheim, Jesus the Messiah, ii. 455ff; Becker, Charicles, Sc. ix. (English translation, p. 163).)

λαμπρός

(2986) λαμπρός, λαμπρά, λαμπρόν (λάμπω);

a. shining; brilliant: ἀστήρ, Revelation 22:16 (Homer , Iliad 4, 77, etc.); clear, transparent, Revelation 22:1.

b. splendid, magnificent (A. V. gorgeous, bright (see below)): ἐσθής, Luke 23:11; Acts 10:30; James 2:2; λίνον (L Tr WH λίθον), Revelation 15:6; βύσσινος, Revelation 19:8; neuter plural splendid ((R. V. sumptuous)) things, i. e. elegancies or luxuries in dress and style, Revelation 18:14. The word is sometimes used of brilliant and glistening whiteness (hence, λαμπρά τηβεννα, toga candida, Polybius 10, 4, 8; 10, 5, 1); accordingly the Vulg. in Acts 10:30; James 2:2; Revelation 15:6 renders it bycandidas ; and some interpreters, following the Vulg. (indutum vestc alba), understand 'white apparel' to be spoken of in Luke 23:11 (A. V. gorgeous; (see above)); cf. Keim , iii., p. 380 note (English translation, vi. 104).

λαμπρότης

(2987) λαμπρότης, λαμπρότητος, ἡ, brightness, brilliancy: τοῦ ἡλίου, Acts 26:13. (From Herodotus (metaphorically) down.)

λαμπρῶς

(2988) λαμπρῶς, adverb, splendidly, magnificently: of sumptuous living, Luke 16:19. (From Aeschylus down.)

λάμπω

(2989) λάμπω; future λαμψω (2 Corinthians 4:6 L text T Tr WH ); 1 aorist ἐλαμψα; (from Homer down); to shine: Matthew 5:15; Matthew 17:2; Luke 17:24; Acts 12:7; 2 Corinthians 4:6. (Compare: ἐκλάμπω, περιλάμπω.)

λανθάνω

(2990) λανθάνω (lengthened form of λήθω); 2 aorist ἔλαθόν, (whence Latinlatere ); the Sept. several times for נֶעְלַם, etc.; (from Homer down); to be hidden: Mark 7:24; Luke 8:47; τινα, to be hidden from one, Acts 26:26; 2 Peter 3:5 (on which see θέλω , 1 under the end), 8; accusative to the well-known classic usage, joined in a finite form to a participle equivalent to secretly, unawares, without knowing (cf. Matthiae , § 552 β.; Passow , under the word, ii., p. 18{b}; (Liddell and Scott, under the word, A. 2); Winer s Grammar, § 54, 4; (Buttmann , § 144, 14)): ἔλαθόν ξενίσαντες, have unawares entertained, Hebrews 13:2. (Compare: ἐκλανθάνω, ἐπιλανθάνω (λανθάνομαι).)

λαξευτός

(2991) λαξευτός, λαξευτη, λαξευτον (from λαξεύω, and this from λᾶς a stone, and ξέω to polish, hew), cut out of stone: μνῆμα, Luke 23:53, and thence in Evang. Nicod. c. 11 at the end; (once in the Sept. , Deuteronomy 4:49; Aq. in Numbers 21:20; Numbers 23:14; Deuteronomy 34:1; (Joshua 13:20); nowhere in Greek authors).

λαός

(2992) λαός, λαοῦ, ὁ ((cf. Curtius , § 535)); the Sept. more than fifteen hundred times for עַם; rarely for גּוי and לְאֹם; (from Homer down); people;

1. a people, tribe, nation, all those who are of the same stock and language: universally, of any people; joined with γλῶσσα, φυλή, ἔθνος, Revelation 5:9; Revelation 7:9; Revelation 10:11; Revelation 11:9; Revelation 13:7 (Rec. omits); Revelation 14:6; Revelation 17:15 (see γλῶσσα , 2); πάντες οἱ λαοί. 2:31; Romans 15:11; especially of the people of Israel: Matthew 4:23; Matthew 13:15; Mark 7:6; Luke 2:10; John 11:50 (where it alternates with ἔθνος); John 18:14; Acts 3:23; Hebrews 2:17; Hebrews 7:11, etc.; with Ἰσραήλ added, Acts 4:10; distinguished from τοῖς ἔθνεσιν, Acts 26:17, Acts 26:23; Romans 15:10; the plural λαοί Ἰσραήλ (R. V. the peoples of Isa.) seems to be used of the tribes of the people (like עַמִּים, Genesis 49:10; Deuteronomy 32:8; Isaiah 3:13, etc.) in Acts 4:27 (where the plural was apparently occasioned by Psalms 2:1 in its reference to Christ, cf. Acts 4:25); οἱ πρεσβύτεροι τοῦ λαοῦ, Matthew 21:23; Matthew 26:3, Matthew 26:47; Matthew 27:1; οἱ γραμματεῖς τοῦ λαοῦ, Matthew 2:4; οἱ πρῶτοι τοῦ λαοῦ, Luke 19:47; τό πρεσβυτέριον τοῦ λαοῦ, Luke 22:66; ἄρχοντες τοῦ λαοῦ, Acts 4:8. with a genitive of the possessor, τοῦ Θεοῦ, αὐτοῦ, μου (i. e. τοῦ Θεοῦ, Hebrew יְהוָה עַם, הָאֱלֹהִים עַם), the people whom God has chosen for himself, selected as peculiarly his own: Hebrews 11:25; Matthew 2:6; Luke 1:68; Luke 7:16; without the article Jude 1:5 (Sir. 46:7; Wis. 18:13); cf. Winer 's Grammar, § 19, 1; the name is transferred to the community of Christians, as that which by the blessing of Christ has come to take the place of the theocratic people of Israel, Hebrews 4:9; Revelation 18:4; particularly to a church of Christians gathered from among the Gentiles, Acts 15:14; Romans 9:25; 1 Peter 2:10; with εἰς περιποίησιν added, 1 Peter 2:9; περιούσιος, Titus 2:14, cf. Acts 18:10; Luke 1:17. ὁ λαός the people (of Israel) is distinguished from its princes and rulers ((1 Esdr. 1:10 1 Esdr. 5:45; Judith 8:9, 11; etc.)), Matthew 26:5; Mark 11:32 (here WH Tr marginal reading read ὄχλος); Mark 14:2; Luke 20:19; Luke 22:2; Luke 23:5; Acts 5:26, etc.; from the priests, Hebrews 5:3; Hebrews 7:5, Hebrews 7:27.

2. indefinitely, of a great part of the population gathered together anywhere: Matthew 27:25; Luke 1:21; Luke 3:15; Luke 7:1, Luke 7:29; Luke 8:47; Luke 9:13; Luke 18:43, etc.; τό πλῆθος τοῦ λαοῦ, Luke 1:10. (The Gospels of Mark and John use the word but three times each. Synonym: see δῆμος , at the end)

Λαοδίκεια

(2993) Λαοδίκεια (Λαοδικια T WH (see Iota); R G L Tr accent Λαοδίκεια, cf. Chandler § 104), Λαοδικείας, ἡ, Laodicea, a city of Phrygia, situated on the river Lycus not far from Colossae. After having been successively called Diospolis and Rhoas, it was named Laodicea in honor of Laodice, the wife of Antiochus II. (). It was destroyed by an earthquake, A.D. 66 (or earlier, see Lightfoot s Commentary on Colossians and Philemon, p. 38f), together with Colossae and Hierapolis (see Κολοσσαί ); and afterward rebuilt by Marcus Aurelius. It was the seat of a Christian church: Colossians 2:1; Colossians 4:13, Colossians 4:15 ((on the 'Epistle to (or 'from') the Laodiceans' see Lightfoot 's Commentary, as above, pp. 274-300)); Revelation 1:11; Revelation 3:14, and in the (Rec. ) subscription of the 1 Timothy (See Lightfoot 's Commentary on Colossians and Philemon, Introductory § 1; Forbiger, Hndbch. d. alton Geogr. 2te Ausg. 2:347f.)

Λαοδικεύς

(2994) Λαοδικεύς, Λαοδικεως, ὁ, a Laodicean, inhabitant of Laodicea: Colossians 4:16, and Rec. in Revelation 3:14.

λάρυγξ

(2995) λάρυγξ, λάρυγγος, ὁ, the throat (Etym. Magn. (557, 16): λάρυγξ μέν δἰ οὗ λαλοῦμεν... φάρυγξ δέ δἰ οὗ ἐσθίομεν καί πίνομεν): of the instrument or organ of speech (as Psalms 5:10; Proverbs 8:7; Sir. 6:5(4)), Romans 3:13, where the meaning is, their speech threatens and imprecates destruction to others. (Aristophanes , Euripides , Aristotle , Galen , others; the Sept. several times for גָּרון; more often for חֵך, the palate.)

Λασαία

(2996) Λασαία, Λασαιας, ἡ (Lachmann Ἀλασσα, Tr WH Λασεα (see WH s Appendix, p. 160), Vulg. Thalassa ), Lasaea, Acts 27:8, a city of Crete not mentioned by any ancient geographical or other writer. But this need not excite surprise, since probably it was one of the smaller and less important among the ninety or a hundred cities of the island; cf. Kuinoel at the passage (Its site was discovered in 1856, some five miles to the E. of Fair Havens and close to Cape Leonda; see Smith, Voyage and Shipwr. of St. Paul (3rd edition, p. 259f) 4th edition, p. 262f; Alford, Greek Testament, vol. ii, Proleg., p. 27f.)

λακάω

(2997) λάσκω: 1 aorist ἐλάκησα; (cf. Alexander Buttmann (1873) Ausf. Sprchl. ii., p. 233; Krüger , 2:1, p. 134; Kühner, § 343, i., p. 858; (Veitch , under the word); Winer 's Grammar, 88 (84));

1. to crack, crackle, crash: Homer , Hesiod , Tragg., Aristophanes

2. to burst asunder with a crack, crack open: Acts 1:18; ὁ δράκων φυσηθεις (after having sucked up the poison) ἐλάκησε καί ἀπέθανε καί ἐξεχύθη ὁ ἰός αὐτοῦ καί ἡ χολή, Act. Thomae § 33, p. 219, Tdf. edition.

λατομέω

(2998) λατομέω, λατόμω: 1 aorist ἐλατόμησα; perfect passive participle λελατομημενος; (from λατόμος a stone-cutter, and this from λᾶς a stone, and τέμνω); to cut stones, to hew out stones: Matthew 27:60; Mark 15:46. (The Sept. several times for חָצַב; once for כָּרָה, Exodus 21:33; Diodorus (Dionysius Halicarnassus , Strabo , others (cf. Sophocles Lexicon, under the word)), Justin Martyr .)

λατρεία

(2999) λατρεία, λατρείας, ἡ (λατρεύω, which see);

1. in Greek authors "service rendered for hire; then any service or ministration (Tragg., Plutarch , Lucian ); the service of God": τοῦ Θεοῦ, Plato , Apology 23 b.; καταφυγεῖν πρός θεῶν εὐχάς τέ καί λατρείας, ibid. Phaedr., p. 244 e.;servitus religionis, quam λατρείανGraeci vocant , Augustine civ. dei 5, 15.

2. in the Greek Bible, the service or worship of God according to the requirements of the levitical law (Hebrew עֲבֹדָה, Exodus 12:25, etc.): Romans 9:4; Hebrews 9:1 (1 Macc. 2:19, 22); λατρείαν προσφέρειν τῷ Θεῷ (to offer service to God) equivalent to θυσίαν προσφέρειν εἰς λατρείαν (to offer a sacrifice in service), John 16:2; ἐπιτελεῖν τάς λατρείας, to perform the sacred services (see ἐπιτελέω , 1), spoken of the priests, Hebrews 9:6; universally, of any worship of God, ἡ λογικη λατρεία, Romans 12:1 (cf. Winer 's Grammar, § 59, 9 a.); (of the worship of idols, 1 Macc. 1:43).

λατρεύω

(3000) λατρεύω; future λατρεύσω; 1 aorist ἐλάτρευσα; (λάτρις a hireling, Latin latro in Ennius and Plautus ; λάτρον hire); in Greek writings

a. to serve for hire;

b. universally, to serve, minister to, either gods or men, and used alike of slaves and of freemen; in the N. T. to render religious service or homage, to worship (Hebrew עָבַד, Deuteronomy 6:13; Deuteronomy 10:12; Joshua 24:15); in a broad sense, λατρεύειν Θεῷ: Matthew 4:10 and Luke 4:8, (after Deuteronomy 6:13); Acts 7:7; Acts 24:14; Acts 27:23; Hebrews 9:14; Revelation 7:15; Revelation 22:3; of the worship of idols, Acts 7:42; Romans 1:25 (Exodus 20:5; Exodus 23:24; Ezekiel 20:32). Phrases relating to the manner of worshipping are these: Θεῷ (so R G ) λατρεύειν πενυματι (dative of instrumentality), with the spirit or soul, Philippians 3:3, but L T Tr WH have correctly restored πενυαμτι Θεοῦ, i. e. prompted by, filled with, the Spirit of God, so that the dative of the person (τῷ Θεῷ) is suppressed; ἐν τῷ πνεύματι μου ἐν τῷ εὐαγγελίῳ, in my spirit in delivering the glad tidings, Romans 1:9; τῷ Θεῷ ἐν καθαρά συνειδήσει, 2 Timothy 1:3; μετά αἰδοῦς καί εὐλαβείας or (so L T Tr WH ) μετά εὐλαβείας καί δέους, Hebrews 12:28; ἐν ὁσιότητι καί δικαιοσύνη, Luke 1:74; (without the dative Θεῷ) νηστείαις καί δεήσεσι, Luke 2:37; λατρεύειν, absolutely, to worship God (cf. Winer 's Grammar, 593 (552)), Acts 26:7. in the strict sense; to perform sacred services, to offer gifts, to worship God in the observance of the rites instituted for his worship: absolutely, Hebrews 9:9; Hebrews 10:2; specifically, of the priests, to officiate, to discharge the sacred office: with a dative of the sacred thing to which the service is rendered, Hebrews 8:5; Hebrews 13:10. (Euripides , others.)

λάχανον

(3001) λάχανον, λαχανου, τό (from λαχαίνω to dig; hence, herbs grown on land cultivated by digging; garden-herbs, as opposed to wild plants); any potherb, vegetables: Matthew 13:32; Mark 4:32; Luke 11:42; Romans 14:2; (1 Kings 20:2 (1 Kings 21:2); Genesis 9:3; Psalms 36:2 (Psalms 37:2), etc.; Aristophanes , Plato , Plutarch , others.)

Λεββαῖος

(3002) Λεββαῖος, see Θαδδαῖος . See related Strong's entry Strong's 2280.

λεγιών

(3003) λεγεών and (so T , Tr (but not in Matthew 26:53), WH (see at the end), also Lachmann in Mark 5:9, Mark 5:15) λεγιών (cf. Tdf. edition 7 Proleg., p. 1.; (especially edition 8, p. 83; Buttmann , 16 (15)); so, too, in inscriptions in Boeckh; (Diodorus , Plutarch , others)), λεγεωνος, ἡ (a Latin word), a legion (a body of soldiers whose number differed at different times, and in the time of Augustus seems to have consisted of 6,826 men (i. e. 6,100 foot soldiers, and 726 horsemen)): Matthew 26:53; Mark 5:9, Mark 5:15; Luke 8:30 (here WH (ex errore?) λεγιών (cf. Chandler § 593)).

λέγω

(3004) λέγω (in the N. T. only the present and imperfect active and present passive are in use; 3 person plural imperfect ἐλεγαν, John 11:56 Tdf. (cf. ἔχω , at the beginning));

I. in its earliest use in Homer to lay (like Latin lego , German legen; cf. J. G. Müller in Theol. Studien und Kritiken for 1835, p. 127ff; Curtius , § 538); to cause to lie down, put to sleep;

1. to collect, gather; to pick out.

2. to lay with, count with; to enumerate, recount, narrate. describe; (cf. English tale, German zählen).

II. to put word to word in speaking, join words together, i. e. "to say (how it differs from λαλεῖν, see under that word at the beginning); once so by Homer in Iliad 2, 222 (yet cf. Schmidt , Syn. 1:1, §§ 20; 48, 2; Liddell and Scott, under the word, B. II. 2); often in Pindar , and by far the most common use in Attic; the Sept. more than thirteen hundred times for אָמַר; often also for נְאֻם (saying, dictum ); very rarely for דִּבֵּר; and so in N. T.

1. universally,

a. absolutely, to speak: Acts 13:15; Acts 24:10; to say, foll. by direct discourse, Matthew 9:34; Matthew 12:44; Matthew 16:2 (here T brackets WH reject the passage); Mark 3:30; Luke 5:39 (WH brackets the clause); John 1:29, John 1:38; (1 Corinthians 12:3 L T Tr WH ); James 4:13, and very often; the direct discourse is preceded by ὅτι recitative, Matthew 9:18 (T omits ὅτι); Mark 1:15 (T omits; WH brackets λέγων); Mark 2:12 (L and WH brackets λέγοντας); Mark 3:21; Mark 5:28; Mark 6:14, Mark 6:35; Mark 7:20; Luke 1:24; Luke 4:41; Luke 17:10; John 6:14; John 7:12; John 8:33; John 9:9, John 9:41; John 16:17; Acts 2:13; Acts 11:3; Hebrews 10:8; Revelation 3:17, etc.; followed by the accusative with an infinitive, Luke 11:18; Luke 24:23; John 12:29; Acts 4:32; Acts 28:6, etc.; followed by ὅτι, Luke 22:70; John 8:48; John 18:31; 1 Timothy 4:1 (for other examples see 2 a. below); followed by an indirect question, Matthew 21:27; Mark 11:33; Luke 20:8.

b. The N. T. writers, particularly the historical, are accustomed to add the verb λέγειν followed by direct discourse to another verb which already contains the idea of speaking, or which states an opinion concerning some person or thing; as τό ῤηθέν... προφήτου λέγοντος, Matthew 2:17; Matthew 8:17; Matthew 12:17; Matthew 13:35; κηρύσσων... καί (L T WH omit; Tr brackets καί) λέγων, Matthew 3:2; κράζειν λέγειν, Matthew 9:27; Matthew 21:15; Mark 10:47; Luke 4:41 (here L T Tr marginal reading κραυγάζειν); Acts 14:15; προσφώνειν καί λέγειν, Matthew 11:17; Luke 7:32; ἀπεκρίθη καί λέγει, Mark 7:28; αἰνεῖν τόν Θεόν καί λέγειν, Luke 2:13; γογγύζειν καί λέγειν, John 6:42. to verbs of speaking, judging, etc., and those which denote in general the nature or the substance of the discourse reported, the participle λέγων is added (often so in the Sept. for לֵאמֹר (Winer 's Grammar, 535f (499), cf. 602 (560))) followed by direct discourse: ἀπεκρίθη λέγων, Matthew 25:9, Matthew 25:44; Mark 9:38 (T WH omit λέγων); Acts 15:13; Revelation 7:13, etc. (see ἀποκρίνομαι, 1 c.); εἶπαν... λέγοντες, Mark (Mark 8:28 T WH Tr marginal reading); Mark 12:26; Luke 20:2 (in Greek writings ἔφη λέγων); ἐλάλησε λέγων (see λαλῶ, 5); ἐμαρτύρησε, John 1:32; κέκραγεν λέγων, John 1:15; ἐδίδασκεν... λέγων, Matthew 5:2; (ἐβόησεν or) ἀνεβόησεν... λέγων, Matthew 27:46; Luke 9:38; ἀνέκραξεν λέγων, Mark 1:24; Luke 4:34 (T WH omit; Tr brackets λέγων); also after ᾄδειν, Revelation 5:9; Revelation 15:3; αἴρειν (or ἐπαίρειν) φωνήν, Luke 17:13; Acts 14:11; θαυμάζειν, Matthew 8:27; Matthew 9:33; Matthew 21:20; after προφητεύειν, Matthew 15:7; γογγύζειν, Matthew 20:12; εἶπεν ἐν παραβολαῖς, Matthew 22:1; παρέθηκε παραβολήν, Matthew 13:24; διεμαρτύρατο, Hebrews 2:6; ἐπήγγελται, Hebrews 12:26, and a great many other examples It is likewise added to verbs of every kind which denote an act conjoined with speech; as ἐφάνη, φαίνεται λέγων, Matthew 1:20; Matthew 2:13; προσεκύνει λέγων, Matthew 8:2; Matthew 9:18; Matthew 14:33; Matthew 15:25; add, Matthew 8:3; Matthew 9:29; Matthew 14:15; Mark 5:35 Luke 1:66; Luke 5:8; Luke 8:38; Luke 10:17; Luke 15:9; Luke 18:3; Luke 19:18; Acts 8:10, Acts 8:18; Acts 12:7; Acts 27:23; 1 Corinthians 11:25, etc. On the other hand, the verb λέγω in its finite forms is added to the participles of other verbs: Matthew 27:41; Mark 8:12; Mark 14:45, Mark 14:63, Mark 14:67; Mark 15:35; Luke 6:20; John 1:36; John 9:8; Acts 2:13 Hebrews 8:8; ἀποκριθείς λέγει, Mark 8:29; Mark 9:5, Mark 9:19; Mark 10:24, Mark 10:51; Mark 11:22, Mark 11:33 (L Tr marginal reading brackets T Tr WH omit ἀποκριθείς); Luke 3:11; Luke 11:45; Luke 13:8 (nowhere so in Acts, nor in Matt. nor in John); κράξας λέγει, Mark 5:7 (Rec. εἶπε); Mark 9:24. ἔγραψε λέγων (לֵאמֹר יִכְתֹּב 2 Kings 10:6; 2 Samuel 11:15, etc.), he wrote in these words, or he wrote these words (A. V. retains the idiom, he wrote saying (cf. e. below)): Luke 1:63; Luke 1:1-80 Macc. 8:31 1 Macc. 11:57; Josephus , Antiquities 11, 2, 2; 13, 4, 1; examples from the Syriac are given by Gesenius in Rosenmüller's Repertor. i., p. 135. ἔπεμψε or ἀπέστειλε λέγων, i. e. he ordered it to be said by a messenger: Matthew 22:16; Matthew 27:19; Luke 7:19; Luke 19:14; John 11:3; Acts 13:15; Acts 16:35 (see in εἶπον , 3 b.); otherwise in Matthew 21:37; Mark 12:6.

c. ἡ φωνή λέγουσα: Matthew 3:17; Matthew 17:5; Luke 3:22 (G L T Tr WH omit λέγουσα); Revelation 6:6; Revelation 10:4, Revelation 10:8; Revelation 12:10; Revelation 14:13, etc. λέγειν φωνή μεγάλη, Revelation 5:12; Revelation 8:13; ἐν φωνή μεγάλη, Romans 14:7, Romans 14:9.

d. In accordance with the Hebrew conception which regards thought as internal speech (see εἶπον , 5), we find λέγειν ἐν ἑαυτῷ, to say within oneself, i. e. to think with oneself: Matthew 3:9; Matthew 9:21; Luke 3:8; ἐν τῇ καρδία αὐτοῦ, Revelation 18:7.

e. One is said to speak, λέγειν, not only when he uses language orally, but also when he expresses himself in writing ((cf. b. sub at the end)): 2 Corinthians 7:3; 2 Corinthians 8:8; 2 Corinthians 9:3, 2 Corinthians 9:4; 2 Corinthians 11:16, 2 Corinthians 11:21; Philippians 4:11, and often in Paul; so of the writers of the O. T.: Romans 10:16, Romans 10:20; Romans 11:9; Romans 15:12; λέγει ἡ γραφή, Romans 4:3; Romans 10:11; Romans 11:2; James 2:23, etc.; and simply λέγει, namely, ἡ λέγουσα, i. e. ἡ γραφή (our it is said): Romans 15:10 (11 L Tr marginal reading); Galatians 3:16; Ephesians 4:8; Ephesians 5:14; cf. Winer s Grammar, 522 (486f) and 588 (547); Buttmann , § 129, 16; λέγει, namely, ὁ Θεός, 2 Corinthians 6:2; λέγει, Δαυίδ ἐν ψαλμῷ, Acts 13:35; λέγει ὁ Θεός, Hebrews 5:6; ἐν τῷ ὡσεη, Romans 9:25; ἐν Ἠλίᾳ, Romans 11:2; ἐν Δαυίδ, Hebrews 4:7; λέγει τό πνεῦμα τό ἅγιον, Hebrews 3:7; ὁ νόμος λέγει, 1 Corinthians 14:34; τί, 1 Corinthians 9:8; Romans 3:19.

f. λέγειν is used of every variety of speaking: as of inquiry, Matthew 9:14; Matthew 15:1; Matthew 17:25; Matthew 18:1; Mark 2:18; Mark 5:30; Luke 4:22; Luke 7:20; John 7:11; John 9:10; John 19:10; Romans 10:18; Romans 11:1, Romans 11:11, etc.; followed by εἰ interrogative (see εἰ , II. 2), Acts 21:37; λέγει, τίς, equivalent to one bids the question be asked, Mark 14:14; Luke 22:11; of reply, Matthew 17:25; Matthew 20:7; Mark 8:24 (L marginal reading εἶπεν); John 1:21; John 18:17; of acclaim, Revelation 4:8, Revelation 4:10; of exelamation, Revelation 18:10, Revelation 18:16; of entreaty, Matthew 25:11; Luke 13:25; equivalent to to set forth in language, make plain, Hebrews 5:11.

g. λέγω with the accusative of the thing. to say a thing: ὁ, Luke 9:33 (i. e. not knowing whether what he said was appropriate or not); Luke 22:60; to express in words, Philemon 1:21; τοῦτο, John 8:6; John 12:33; τοιαῦτα, Hebrews 11:14; ταῦτα, Luke 8:8; Luke 11:27, Luke 11:45; Luke 13:17; John 5:34; Acts 14:18; 1 Corinthians 9:8; τάδε (referring to what follows), Acts 21:11; Revelation 2:1, Revelation 2:8, Revelation 2:12, Revelation 2:18; Revelation 3:1, Revelation 3:7, Revelation 3:14; τί, what? Romans 10:8; Romans 11:4; Galatians 4:30; 1 Corinthians 14:16; πολλά, John 16:12; τά λεγόμενα, Luke 18:34; Acts 28:24; Hebrews 8:1; ὑπό τίνος, Acts 8:6; Acts 13:45 (L T Tr WH λαλουμένοις); Acts 27:11; λέγω ἀλήθειαν, John 8:45; Romans 9:1; 1 Timothy 2:7; ἀληθῆ, John 19:35; ἀνθρώπινον, Romans 6:19; σύ λέγεις, namely, αὐτό, properly, thou sayest, i. e. thou grantest what thou askest, equivalent to it is just as thou sayest; to be sure, certainly (see εἶπον , 1 c.): Matthew 27:11; Mark 15:2; Luke 23:3, cf. Luke 22:70; John 18:37 ((all these passages WH marginal reading punctuate interrogatively)); παραβολήν, to put forth, Luke 14:7; τό αὐτό, to profess one and the same thing, 1 Corinthians 1:10 cf. 1 Corinthians 1:12.

h. with the dative of the person to whom anything is said: followed by direct discourse, Matthew 8:20; Matthew 14:4; Matthew 18:32; Matthew 19:10; Mark 2:17, Mark 2:27; Mark 7:9; Mark 8:1; John 1:43 (John 1:44); John 2:10, and scores of other examples; λέγειν τίνι. κύριε, κύριε, to salute anyone as lord, Matthew 7:21; imperative λέγε μοι, Acts 22:27 (generally εἶπε μοι, ἡμῖν); plural Luke 10:9; ἀμήν λέγω ὑμῖν, I solemnly declare to you (in the Gospels of Matt. Mark and Luke); for which the Greek said ἐπ' ἀληθείας λέγω ὑμῖν, Luke 4:25, and λέγω ὑμῖν ἀληθῶς, Luke 9:27; in John everywhere (twenty-five times, and always uttered by Christ) ἀμήν ἀμήν λέγω σοι (ὑμῖν), I most solemnly declare to thee (you), John 1:51 (John 1:52); John 3:11, etc.; with the force of an asseveration λέγω τίνι, without ἀμήν: Matthew 11:22; Matthew 12:36; Matthew 23:39; Luke 7:9, Luke 7:28; Luke 10:12; Luke 12:8; Luke 17:34; Luke 18:8, Luke 18:14; ναί λέγω ὑμῖν, Matthew 11:9; Luke 7:26; Luke 11:51; Luke 12:5; λέγω σοι, Luke 12:59. with a dative of the thing, in the sense of commanding (see 2 c. below), Matthew 21:19; Luke 17:6; in the sense of asking, imploring, Luke 23:30; Revelation 6:16. λέγω τίνι τί, to tell a thing to one: Matthew 10:27; 2 Thessalonians 2:5; τήν ἀλήθειαν, John 16:7; μυστήριον, 1 Corinthians 15:51; παραβολήν, Luke 18:1; of a promise, Revelation 2:7, Revelation 2:11, Revelation 2:17, Revelation 2:29; Revelation 3:6; equivalent to to unfold, explain, Mark 10:32; followed by indirect discourse, Matthew 21:27; Mark 11:33; Luke 20:8; τίνι τινα, to speak to one about one, John 8:27; Philippians 3:18.

i. :λέγω followed by prepositions: πρός τινα, which denotes — either to one (equivalent to the dative): followed by direct discourse, Mark 4:41; Mark 10:26; Luke 8:25; Luke 9:23; Luke 16:1; John 2:3; John 3:4; John 4:15; John 6:5; John 8:31; Acts 2:7 (R G ),Acts 2:12; Acts 28:4,Acts 28:17; followed by ὅτι recitative, Luke 4:21; πρός τινα τί, Luke 11:53 R G L Tr marginal reading; Luke 24:10; — or as respects one, in reference to one (cf. Buttmann , § 133, 3; Winer s Grammar, § 31, 5; 405 (378); Krüger , § 48, 7, 13; Bleek on Hebrews 1:7: Meyer on Romans 10:21): Luke 12:41; Hebrews 1:7. (others add Hebrews 1:8, Hebrews 1:13; Hebrews 7:21); μετά τίνος, to speak with one, John 11:56, περί τίνος, of, concerning, one (cf. Winer 's Grammar, § 47, 4), Matthew 21:45; John 1:47 (John 1:48); John 2:21; John 11:13; John 13:18,John 13:22; Hebrews 9:5; περί τίνος, ὅτι, Luke 21:5; τί περί τίνος, John 1:22; John 9:17; Acts 8:34; Titus 2:8; τίνι περί τίνος, Matthew 11:7; Mark 1:30; Mark 8:30 (Lachmann εἴπωσιν); πρός τινα περί τίνος, Luke 7:24; ὑπέρ τίνος, to speak for, on behalf of, one, to defend one, Acts 26:1 (L T Tr WH marginal reading περί); ἐπί τινα, to speak in reference to, of (see ἐπί . C. L 2 g. γγ.; Buttmann , § 147, 23), one, Hebrews 7:13; εἰς τινα (τί βλασφημων), against one, Luke 22:65; in speaking to have reference to one, speak with respect to one, Acts 2:25 (cf. Winer 's Grammar, 397 (371)); in speaking to refer (a thing) to one, with regard to, Ephesians 5:32; εἰς τόν κόσμον, to the world (see εἰς , A. I. 5 b.), John 8:26 (L T Tr WH λαλῶ).

k. with adverbs, or with phrases having adverbial force: καλῶς, rightly, John 8:48; John 13:13; ὡσαύτως, Mark 14:31; τί κατά συγγνώμην, ἐπιταγήν, by way of advice (concession (see συγγνώμη )), by way of command, 1 Corinthians 7:6; 2 Corinthians 8:8; κατά ἄνθρωπον (see ἄνθρωπος , 1 c.), Romans 3:5; Galatians 3:15; 1 Corinthians 9:8; Λυκαονιστί, Acts 14:11. In conformity with the several contexts where it is used, λέγω, like the Latin dico , is

2. specifically,

a. equivalent to to asseverate, affirm, aver, maintains: followed by an accusative with an infinitive, Matthew 22:23; Mark 12:18; Luke 20:41; Luke 23:2; Luke 24:23; Acts 5:36; Acts 8:9; Acts 17:7; Acts 28:6; Romans 15:8; 2 Timothy 2:18; Revelation 2:9; Revelation 3:9; with the included idea of insisting on, περιτέμνεσθαι (that you must be (cf. Winer s Grammar, § 44, 3 b.; Buttmann , § 141, 2)), Acts 15:24 Rec. ; with the simple infinitive without a subject-accusative, Luke 24:23; James 2:14; 1 John 2:6, 1 John 2:9; followed by ὅτι (where the accusative with an infinitive might have been used), Matthew 17:10; Mark 9:11; Mark 12:35; Luke 9:7; John 4:20; John 12:34; 1 Corinthians 15:12; λέγω τίνι ὅτι, etc. to declare to one that etc. (cf. Buttmann , § 141, 1): Matthew 3:9; Matthew 5:20, Matthew 5:22; Matthew 12:36; Matthew 13:17; Matthew 17:12; Matthew 21:43 (WH marginal reading omits ὅτι); Matthew 26:21; Mark 9:13; Mark 14:18, Mark 14:25, Mark 14:30; Luke 3:8; Luke 10:12; Luke 13:35 (Tr WH omit; L brackets ὅτι); Luke 14:24; Luke 18:8; Luke 19:26,Luke 19:40 (WH text omits; Tr brackets ὅτι); Luke 21:3; Luke 22:16,Luke 22:37, etc.; John 3:11; John 5:24; John 8:34; John 10:7 (Tr WH omits; L brackets ὅτι); John 16:20; Galatians 5:2; λέγω τινα, ὅτι, by familiar attraction (cf. Winer s Grammar, § 66, 5 a.; Buttmann , § 151, 1) for λέγω, ὅτι τίς: John 8:54; John 9:19; John 10:36 (where for ὑμεῖς λέγετε, ὅτι οὗτος, ὅν... ἀπέστειλε, βλασφημεῖ; the indirect discourse passes into the direct, and βλασφημεῖς is put for βλασφημεῖ; (Buttmann , § 141, 1)).

b. equivalent to to teach: with the dative of person followed by direct discourse, 1 Corinthians 7:8, 1 Corinthians 7:12; τί τίνι, John 16:12; Acts 1:3; τοῦτο followed by ὅτι, 1 Thessalonians 4:15.

c. to exhort, advise; to command, direct: with an accusative of the thing, Luke 6:46; λέγουσιν (namely, αὐτά)... καί οὐ ποιοῦσιν, Matthew 23:3; τί τίνι, Mark 13:37; John 2:5; τίνι followed by an imperative, Matthew 5:44; Mark 2:11; Luke 7:14; Luke 11:9; Luke 12:4; Luke 16:9; John 2:8; John 13:29; 1 Corinthians 7:12; λέγω with an infinitive of the thing to be done or to be avoided (cf. Winer s Grammar, § 44, 3 b.; Buttmann , § 141, 2): Matthew 5:34, Matthew 5:39; Acts 21:4, Acts 21:21; Romans 2:22; Romans 12:3; followed by ἵνα, Acts 19:4; περί τίνος (the genitive of the thing) followed by ἵνα, 1 John 5:16 (see ἵνα , II. 2 b.); followed by μή with subjunctive 2 Corinthians 11:16. in the sense of asking, seeking, entreating: with the dative of person followed by an imperative, 1 Corinthians 10:15; 2 Corinthians 6:13; followed by an infinitive (Winer s Grammar, 316 (296f); Buttmann , as above), Revelation 10:9 (Rec. imperative). χαίρειν τίνι λέγω, to give one a greeting, bid him welcome, salute him, 2 John 1:10 (see χαίρω , at the end).

d. to point out with words, intend, mean, mean to say (often so in Greek writings; cf. Passow , under the word, p. 30a; (Liddell and Scott, under the word, C. 10)): τινα, Mark 14:71; John 6:71; τί, 1 Corinthians 10:29; τοῦτο followed by direct discourse, Galatians 3:17; τοῦτο followed by ὅτι, 1 Corinthians 1:12.

e. to call by a name, to call, name; equivalent to καλῷ τινα with the accusative of predicate: τί με λέγεις ἀγαθόν; Mark 10:18; Luke 18:19; add, Mark 12:37; John 5:18; John 15:15; Acts 10:28; (1 Corinthians 12:3 R G ); Revelation 2:20; passive with predicate nominative: Matthew 13:55; 1 Corinthians 8:5; Ephesians 2:11; 2 Thessalonians 2:4; Hebrews 11:24; ὁ λεγόμενος, with predicate nominative he that is surnamed, Matthew 1:16 (so Matthew 27:17); Matthew 10:2; John 20:24; Colossians 4:11; he that is named: Matthew 9:9; Matthew 26:3, Matthew 26:14; Matthew 27:16; Mark 15:7; Luke 22:47; John 9:11; cf. Fritzsche on Matthew, p. 31f; of things, places, cities, etc.: τό ὄνομα λέγεται, Revelation 8:11; participle called, Matthew 2:23; Matthew 26:36; Matthew 27:33; John 4:5; John 11:54; John 19:13; Acts 3:2; Acts 6:9; Hebrews 9:3; with Ἑβραϊστί added, John 19:13, John 19:17; (cf. John 5:2 Tdf. ); applied to foreign words translated into Greek, in the sense that is: Matthew 27:33; John 4:25; John 11:16; John 21:2; also ὁ λέγεται, John 20:16; ὁ λέγεται ἑρμηνευόμενον (L Tr WH μεθερμηνευόμενον), John 1:38(39); διερμηνευομένη λέγεται, Acts 9:36.

f. to speak out, speak of, mention: τί, Ephesians 5:12 (with which cf. ό᾿κνω καί λέγειν, Plato , rep. 5, p. 465 c.); (Mark 7:36 T Tr text WH . On the apparent ellipsis of λέγω in 2 Corinthians 9:6, cf. Winer s Grammar, 596f (555); Buttmann , 394 (338). Compare: ἀντιλέγω, διαλέγω (διαλέγομαι), ἐκλέγω, ἐπιλέγω, καταλέγω, παραλέγω (παραλέγομαι), προλέγω, συλλέγω; cf. the catalog of comp. in Schmidt , Syn., chapter 1, 60.)

λεῖμμα

(3005) λεῖμμα (WH λίμμα, see their Appendix, p. 154 and cf. Iota), λείμματος, τό (λείπω), a remnant: Romans 11:5. (Herodotus 1, 119; Plutarch , de profect. in virtut. c. 5; for שְׁאֵרִית, 2 Kings 19:4.)

λεῖος

(3006) λεῖος, λεῖα, λειον (cf. Latinlevis ), smooth, level: opposed to τραχύς, of ways, Luke 3:5. (Isaiah 40:4 Alex. ; Proverbs 2:20; 1 Samuel 17:40; in Greek writings from Homer down.)

λείπω

(3007) λείπω; (2 aorist subjunctive 3 person singular λιπη, Titus 3:13 T WIt marginal reading; present passive λείπομαι; from Homer down);

1. transitive, to leave, leave behind, forsake; passive to be left behind (properly, by one's rival in a race, hence),

a. to lag, be inferior: ἐν μηδενί, James 1:4 (Herodotus 7, 8, 1); (others associate this example with the two under b.).

b. to be destitute of, to lack: with the genitive of the thing, James 1:5; James 2:15 (Sophocles , Plato , others).

2. intransitive, to be lacking or absent, to fail: λείπει τί τίνι, Luke 18:22; Titus 3:13 (Polybius 10, 18, 8; others); τά λείποντα, the things that remain (so Justin Martyr , Apology 1, 52, cf. 32; but others are lacking), Titus 1:5. (Compare: ἀπολείπω, διαλείπω, ἐκλείπω, ἐπιλείπω, καταλείπω, ἐνκαταλείπω, περιλείπω, ὑπολείπω.)

λειτουργέω

(3008) λειτουργέω, participle λειτουργῶν; 1 aorist infinitive λειτουργῆσαι; (from λειτουργός, which see);

1. in Attic, especially the orators, to serve the state at one's own cost; to assume an office which must be administered at one's own expense; to discharge a public office at one's own cost; to render public service to the state (cf. Melanchthon in Apology, Confessions, Augustine , p. 270f (Corpus Reformat. edition Bindseil (post Bretschn.) vol. xxvli., p. 623, and F. Francke, Conf. Luth., Part i., p. 271 note (Lipsius 1846)); Wolf, Demosthenes , Lept., p. 85ff; Böckh, Athen. Staatshaush. i., p. 480ff; Lübker, Reallex. des class. Alterth. (or Smith, Dict. of Greek and Rom. Antiq.) under the word λειτουργία).

2. universally, to do service, to perform a work; Vulg. ministro (A. V. to minister);

a. of the priests and Levites who were busied with the sacred rites in the tabernacle or the temple (so the Sept. often for שֵׁרֵת; as Numbers 18:2; Exodus 28:31, Exodus 28:39; Exodus 29:30; Joel 1:9, etc.; several times for עָבַד, Numbers 4:37, Numbers 4:39; Numbers 16:9; Numbers 18:6; add, Sir. 4:14 (Sirach 45:15; 50:14; Judith 4:14); 1 Macc. 10:42; (Philo , vit. Moys. 3:18; cf. ὑμῖν λειτουργουσι καί αὐτοί τήν λειτουργίαν τῶν προφητῶν καί διδασκάλων (of bishops and deacons), Teaching of the Twelve Apostles, chapter 15 [ET] (cf. Clement of Rome , 1 Cor. 44, 2 [ET] etc.))): Hebrews 10:11.

b. λειτουργουν τῷ κυρίῳ, of Christians serving Christ, whether, by prayer, or by instructing others concerning the way of salvation, or in some other way: Acts 13:2; cf. DeWette at the passage

c. of those who aid others with their resources, and relieve their poverty: τίνι ἐν τίνι, Romans 15:27, cf. Sir. 10:25.

λειτουργία

(3009) λειτουργία, λειτουργίας, ἡ (from λειτουργέω, which see);

1. properly, a public office which a citizen undertakes to administer at his own expense: Plato , legg. 12, p. 949 c.; Lysias , p. 163, 22; Isocrates , p. 391 d.; Theophrastus , Char. 20 (23), 5; 23 (29), 4, and others.

2. universally, any service: of military service, Polybius ; Diodorus 1, 63. 73; of the service of workmen, c. 21; of that done to nature in the cohabitation of man and wife, Aristotle , oec. 1, 3, p. 1343b, 20.

3. in Biblical Greek

a. the service or ministry of the priests relative to the prayers and sacrifices offered to God: Luke 1:23; Hebrews 8:6; Hebrews 9:21, (for עֲבודָה, Numbers 8:22; Numbers 16:9; Numbers 18:4; 2 Chronicles 31:2; Diodorus 1, 21; Josephus ; (Philo de caritat. § 1 under the end; others; see Sophocles Lex. under the word)); hence, the phrase in Philippians 2:17, explained under the word θυσία, b. at the end ((cf. Lightfoot on Clement of Rome , 1 Cor. 44 [ET])).

b. a gift or benefaction, for the relief of the needy (see λειτουργέω , 2 c.): 2 Corinthians 9:12; Philippians 2:30.

λειτουργικός

(3010) λειτουργικός, λειτουργικη, λειτουργικον (λειτουργία), "relating to the performance of service, employed in ministering: σκεύη, Numbers 4:1-49:(12),26, etc.; στολαί, Exodus 31:10, etc.; πνεύματα, of angels executing God's behests, Hebrews 1:14; also αἱ λειτουργικαι τοῦ Θεοῦ δυνάμεσι, Ignatius ad Philad. 9 [ET] (longer recension); τό πᾶν πλῆθος τῶν ἀγγέλων αὐτοῦ, πῶς τῷ θελήματι αὐτοῦ λειτουργουσι παρεστῶτες, Clement of Rome , 1 Cor. 34, 5 [ET], cf. Daniel; (Theod. ) Daniel 7:10. (Not found in secular authors)

λειτουργός

(3011) λειτουργός, λειτουργου, ὁ (from ἘΡΓΩ i. e. ἐργάζομαι, and unused λεῖτοσ῟ equivalent to ληιτος equivalent to δημοσις public, belonging to the state (Hesychius ), and this from λεώς Attic for λαός), the Sept. for מְשָׁרֵת (Piel participle of שָׁרַת);

1. a public minister; a servant of the state: τῆς πόλεως, Inscriptions; of the lictors, Plutarch , Rom. 26; (it has not yet been found in its primary and proper sense, of one who at Athens assumes a public office to be administered at his own expense (cf. Liddell and Scott, under the word I.); see λειτουργέω ).

2. universally, a minister, servant: so of military laborers, often in Polybius ; of the servants of a king, 1 Esdr. 10:5; Sir. 10:2; (of Joshua, Joshua 1:1 Alex. ; universally, 2 Samuel 13:18 (cf. 2 Samuel 13:17)); of the servants of the priests, joined with ὑπηρέται, Dionysius Halicarnassus , Antiquities 2, 73; τῶν ἁγίων, of the temple, i. e. one busied with holy things, of a priest, Hebrews 8:2, cf. (Philo , alleg. leg. iii. § 46); Nehemiah 10:39; Sir. 7:30; τῶν θεῶν, of heathen priests, Dionysius Halicarnassus 2, 22 cf. 73; Plutarch , mor., p. 417 a.; Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, of Paul likening himself to a priest, Romans 15:16; plural τοῦ Θεοῦ, those by whom God administers his affairs and executes his decrees: so of magistrates, Romans 13:6; of angels, Hebrews 1:7 from Psalms 103:4 (Psalms 104:4) (cf. Philo de caritat. § 3); τῆς χάριτος τοῦ Θεοῦ, those whose ministry the grace of God made use of for proclaiming to men the necessity of repentance, as Noah, Jonah: Clement of Rome , 1 Cor. 8, 1 [ET] cf. c. 7 [ET]; τόν ἀπόστολον καί λειτουργόν ὑμῶν τῆς χρείας μου, by whom ye have sent to me those things which may minister to my needs, Philippians 2:25.

λέντιον

(3012) λέντιον, λεντιου, τό (a Latin word,linteum ), a linen cloth, towel (Arrian peripl. mar. rubr. 4): of the towel or apron, which servants put on when about to work (Suetonius , Calig. 26), John 13:4; with which it was supposed the nakedness of persons undergoing crucifixion was covered, Ev. Nicod. c. 10; cf. Thilo, Cod. Apocrypha, p. 582f.

λεπίς

(3013) λεπίς, λεπιδος, ἡ (λέπω to strip off the rind or husk, to peel, to scale), a scale: Acts 9:18. (the Sept. ; Aristotle , others (cf. Herodotus 7, 61).)

λέπρα

(3014) λέπρα, λέπρας, ἡ (from the adjective λεπρός, which see), Hebrew צָרַעַת, leprosy (literally, morbid scaliness), a most offensive, annoying, dangerous, cutaneous disease, the bacteria^[1] generally pervades the whole body; common in Egypt and the East (Leviticus 13:1-59f): Matthew 8:3; Mark 1:42; Luke 5:12 (Herodotus , Theophrastus , Josephus , Plutarch , others) (Cf. Orelli in Herzog 2 under the word Aussatz; Greenhill in Bible Educator 4:76f, 174f; Ginsburg in Alex.'s Kitto under the word; Edersheim, Jesus the Messiah i., 492ff; McClintock and Strong's Cyclopaedia, under the word ; Clark in the 'Speaker's Com.' on Lev. pp. 559 sqq. 570 sqq.; Sir Risdon Bennett Diseases of the Bible. 1887. ("By-Paths of Bible Knowledge" vol. ix.))

λεπρός

(3015) λεπρός, λεπροῦ, ὁ (as if for λεπερος, from λεπίς, λεπος, λεπρεος, τό, a scale, husk, bark);

1. in Greek writings scaly, rough.

2. specifically, leprous, affected with leprosy (the Sept. several times for מְצֹרָע and צָרוּעַ; (Theophrastus , c., p. 2, 6, 4) see λέπρα ): Matthew 8:2; Matthew 10:8; Matthew 11:5; Mark 1:40; Luke 4:27; Luke 7:22; Luke 17:12; of one ((Simon)) who had formerly been a leper, Matthew 26:6; Mark 14:3.

λεπτόν

(3016) λεπτός, λεπτή, λεπτόν (λέπω to strip off the bark, to peel), thin; small; τό λεπτόν, a very small brass coin, equivalent to the eighth part of an as (A. V. a mite; cf. Alex.'s Kitto and B. D. under the word; cf. F. R. Conder in the Bible Educator , 3:179): Mark 12:42; Luke 12:59; Luke 21:2; (Alciphron , epistles I, 9 adds κέρμα; Pollux , onom. 9, 6, sect. 92, supplies νόμισμα).

Λευί

(3017) Λευί and Λευίς (T Tr (yet see below) WH Λευεις (but Lachmann Λευίς; see εἰ , ἰ)), genitive Λευί (T Tr WH Λευει), accusative Λευίν (T WH Λεύειν, so Tr except in Mark 2:14) (Buttmann , 21 (19); Winer 's Grammar, § 10, 1), ὁ (Hebrew לֵוִי a joining, from לָוָה, cf. Genesis 29:34), Levi;

1. the third son of the patriarch Jacob by his wife Leah, the founder of the tribe of Israelites which bears his name: Hebrews 7:5, Hebrews 7:9; (Revelation 7:7).

2. the son of Melchi, one of Christ's ancestors: Luke 3:24.

3. the son of Simeon, also an ancestor of Christ: Luke 3:29.

4. the son of Alphaeus, a collector of customs ((A. V. publican)): Mark 2:14 (here WH (rejected) marginal reading Ἰάκωβον (see their note at the passage, cf. Weiss in Meyer on Matthew 7:1-29te Aufl., p. 2)); Luke 5:27, Luke 5:29; according to common opinion he is the same as Matthew the apostle (Matthew 9:9); but cf. Grimm in the Theol. Studien und Kritiken for 1870. p. 727ff; (their identity is denied also by Nicholson on Matthew 9:9; yet see Patritius, De Evangeliis, 1., the passage cited i. quaest. 1; Venables in Alex.'s Kitto, under the word Matthew; Meyer, Commentary on Matthew, Introductory § 1).

Λευίς

(3018) Λευί and Λευίς (T Tr (yet see below) WH Λευεις (but Lachmann Λευίς; see εἰ , ἰ)), genitive Λευί (T Tr WH Λευει), accusative Λευίν (T WH Λεύειν, so Tr except in Mark 2:14) (Buttmann , 21 (19); Winer 's Grammar, § 10, 1), ὁ (Hebrew לֵוִי a joining, from לָוָה, cf. Genesis 29:34), Levi; 1. the third son of the patriarch Jacob by his wife Leah, the founder of the tribe of Israelites which bears his name: Hebrews 7:5, Hebrews 7:9; (Revelation 7:7). 2. the son of Melchi, one of Christ's ancestors: Luke 3:24. 3. the son of Simeon, also an ancestor of Christ: Luke 3:29. 4. the son of Alphaeus, a collector of customs ((A. V. publican)): Mark 2:14 (here WH (rejected) marginal reading Ἰάκωβον (see their note at the passage, cf. Weiss in Meyer on Matthew 7:1-29te Aufl., p. 2)); Luke 5:27, Luke 5:29; according to common opinion he is the same as Matthew the apostle (Matthew 9:9); but cf. Grimm in the Theol. Studien und Kritiken for 1870. p. 727ff; (their identity is denied also by Nicholson on Matthew 9:9; yet see Patritius, De Evangeliis, 1., the passage cited i. quaest. 1; Venables in Alex.'s Kitto, under the word Matthew; Meyer, Commentary on Matthew, Introductory § 1).

Λευίτης

(3019) Λευίτης (T WH Λευειτης (so Tr except in Acts 4:36; see εἰ , ἰ)), Λευίτου, ὁ, a Levite;

a. one of Levi's posterity.

b. in a norrower sense those were called Levites (Hebrew לֵוִי בְּנֵי, לְוִיִּים) who, not being of the race of Aaron for whom alone the priesthood was reserved, served as assistants of the priests. It was their duty to keep the sacred utensils and the temple clean, to provide the sacred loaves, to open and shut the gates of the temple, to sing sacred hymns in the temple, and do many other things; so Luke 10:32; John 1:19; Acts 4:36; ((Plutarch , quaest. conv. 1. iv. quaest. 6, 5; Philo de vit. Moys. i. § 58). See BB. DD. , under the word ; Edersheim, The Temple, 2nd edition, p. 63ff.)

Λευιτικός

(3020) Λευιτικός (T WH Λευειτικος; see εἰ , ἰ), Λευιτικη, Λευιτικον, Levitical, pertaining to the Levites: Hebrews 7:11. (Philo de vit. Moys. iii. § 20.)

λευκαίνω

(3021) λευκαίνω: 1 aorist ἐλευκανα (cf. Winer s Grammar, § 13, 1 d.; Buttmann , 41 (35)); (λευκός); from Homer down; the Sept. for הִלְבִּין; to whiten, make white: τί, Mark 9:3; Revelation 7:14.

λευκός

(3022) λευκός, λευκή, λευκόν (λεύσσω to see, behold, look at; akin to Latinluceo , German leuchten; cf. Curtius , p. 113 and § 87; (Vanicek , p. 817)), the Sept. for לָבָן:

1. light, bright, brilliant: τά ἱμάτια... λευκά ὡς τό φῶς, Matthew 17:2; especially bright or brilliant from whiteness, (dazzling) white: spoken of the garments of angels, and of those exalted to the splendor of the heavenly state, Mark 16:5; Luke 9:29; Acts 1:10; Revelation 3:5; Revelation 4:4; Revelation 6:11; Revelation 7:9, Revelation 7:13; Revelation 19:14 (shining or white garments were worn on festive and state occasions, Ecclesiastes 9:8; cf. Heindorf on Horace sat. 2, 2, 61); with ὡσεί or ὡς ὁ χιών added: Mark 9:3 R L ; Matthew 28:3 (ἵπποι λευκοτεροι χιόνος, Homer , Iliad 10, 437); ἐν λευκοῖς namely, ἱματίοις (added in Revelation 3:5; Revelation 4:4), John 20:12; Revelation 3:4; cf. Winer s Grammar, 591 (550); (Buttmann , 82 (72)); used of white garments as the sign of innocence and purity of soul, Revelation 3:18; of the heavenly throne, Revelation 20:11.

2. (dead) white: Matthew 5:36 (opposed to μέλας); Revelation 1:14; Revelation 2:17; Revelation 4:4; Revelation 6:2; Revelation 14:14; Revelation 19:11; spoken of the whitening color of ripening grain, John 4:35.

λέων

(3023) λέων, λέοντος, ὁ (from Homer down), the Sept. for אֲרִי, אַריֵה, כְּפִיר (a young lion), etc.; a lion;

a. properly: Hebrews 11:33; 1 Peter 5:8; Revelation 4:7; Revelation 9:8, Revelation 9:17; Revelation 10:3; Revelation 13:2.

b. metaphorically ἐρρύσθην ἐκ στόματος λέοντος, I was rescued out of the most imminent peril of death, 2 Timothy 4:17 (the figure does not lie in the word lion alone, but in the whole phrase); equivalent to a brave and mighty hero: Revelation 5:5, where there is allusion to Genesis 49:9; cf. Nahum 2:13.

λήθη

(3024) λήθη, λήθης, ἡ (λήθω to escape notice, λήθομαι to forget) (from Homer down), forgetfulness: λήθην τίνος λαβεῖν (see λαμβάνω , I. 6), 2 Peter 1:9.

ληνός

(3025) ληνός, ληνοῦ, ἡ (also ὁ, Genesis 30:38, Genesis 30:41 (cf. below)) (Theocritus , Diodorus , others);

1. a tubor trough-shaped receptacle, vat, in which grapes are trodden (A. V. wine-press) (Hebrew גַּת): Revelation 14:20; Revelation 19:15; τήν ληνόν... τόν μέγαν (for R Tr marginal reading τήν μεγάλην), Revelation 14:19 — a variation in gender which (though not rare in Hebrew, see Gesenius, Lehrgeb., p. 717) can hardly be matched in Greek writings; cf. Winer s Grammar, 526 (490) and his Exeget. Studd. i., p. 153f; Buttmann , 81 (71).

2. equivalent to ὑπολήνιον (Isaiah 16:10; Mark 12:1) or προλήνιον (Isaiah 5:2), Hebrew יֶקֶב, the lower vat, dug in the ground, into which the must or new wine flowed from the press: Matthew 21:33. Cf. Winer s RWB, under the word Kelter; Roskoff in Schenkel 3:513; (BB. DD. under the word ).

λῆρος

(3026) λῆρος, ληρου, ὁ, idle talk, nonsense: Luke 24:11. (4 Macc. 5:10; Xenophon , an. 7, 7, 41; Aristophanes , others; plural joined with παιδιαι, Plato , Protag., p. 347 d.; with φλυαριαι, ibid., Hipp., major edition, p. 304 b.)

λῃστής

(3027) λῃστής, ληστου, ὁ (for ληιστής from ληίζομαι, to plunder, and this from Ionic and epic ληίς, for which the Attics use λεῖα, booty) (from Sophocles and Herodotus down), a robber; a plunderer, freebooter, brigand: Matthew 26:55; Mark 14:48; Luke 22:52; John 10:1; John 18:40; plural, Matthew 21:13; Matthew 27:38, Matthew 27:44; Mark 11:17; Mark 15:27; Luke 10:30, Luke 10:36; Luke 19:46; John 10:8; 2 Corinthians 11:26. (Not to be confounded with κλέπτης thief, one who takes property by stealth (although the distinction is obscured in A. V. ); cf. Trench , § xliv.)

λῆμψις

(3028) λῆψις (L T Tr WH λῆμψις, see Mu), λήψεως, ἡ (λαμβάνω, λήψομαι) (from Sophocles and Thucydides down), a receiving: Philippians 4:15, on which passage see δόσις , 1.

λίαν

(3029) λίαν (in Homer and Ionic λίην) (for λιλαν, λαῷ to desire: cf. Curtius , § 532), adverb, greatly, exceedingly: Matthew 2:16; Matthew 4:8; Matthew 8:28; Matthew 27:14; Mark 1:35; Mark 9:3; Mark 16:2; Luke 23:8; 2 Timothy 4:15; 2 John 1:4; 3 John 1:3; (2 Macc. 11:1; 4 Macc. 8:16; Tobit 9:4, etc.; for מְאֹד, Genesis 1:31; Genesis 4:5; 1 Samuel 11:15); λίαν ἐκ περισσοῦ, exceedingly beyond measure, Mark 6:51 (WH omits; Tr brackets ἐκπερισσοῦ). See ὑπερλίαν .

λίβανος

(3030) λίβανος, λιβάνου, ὁ (more rarely ἡ (cf. Lob., as below));

1. the frankincense-tree (Pindar , Herodotus , Sophocles , Euripides , Theophrastus , others).

2. frankincense (Hebrew לְבֹנָה; Leviticus 2:1, Leviticus 2:16; Isaiah 60:6, etc.): Matthew 2:11; Revelation 18:13; (Sophocles , Theophrastus , others). Cf. Lob. ad Phryn. , p. 187; (Vanicek , Fremdwörter, under the word. On frankincense see especially Birdwood in the Bible Educator , i., 328ff, 374ff.)

λιβανωτός

(3031) λιβανωτός, λιβανωτοῦ, ὁ (λίβανος);

1. in secular authors, frankincense, the gum exuding ἐκ τοῦ λιβάνου, (1 Chronicles 9:29; Herodotus , Menander , Euripides , Plato , Diodorus , Herodian , others).

2. a censer (which in secular authors is ἡ λιβανωτις (or rather λιβανωτρις, cf. Lob. ad Phryn. , p. 255)): Revelation 8:3, Revelation 8:5.

Λιβερτῖνος

(3032) Λιβερτῖνος, Λιβερτινου, ὁ, a Latin word,libertinus , i. e. either one who has been liberated from slavery, a freedman, or the son of a freedman (as distinguished fromingenuus , i. e. the son of a free man): ἡ συναγωγή ἡ λεγομένη (or τῶν λεγομένων Tdf. ) Λιβερτίνων, Acts 6:9. Some suppose these libertini (A. V. Libertines) to have been manumitted Roman slaves, who having embraced Judaism had their synagogue at Jerusalem; and they gather as much from Tacitus , Ann. 2, 85, where it is related that four thousand libertini, infected with the Jewish superstition, were sent into Sardinia. Others, owing to the names Κυρηναίων καί Ἀλλεξανδρεων that follow, think that a geographical meaning is demanded for Λιβερτινοι, and suppose that Jews are spoken of, the dwellers in Libertum, a city or region of proconsular Africa. But the existence of a city or region called Libertum is a conjecture which has nothing to rest on but the mention of a bishop with the prefix libertinensis at the synod of Carthage A.D. 411 . Others with far greater probability appeal to Philo , leg. ad Gaium § 23, and understand the word as denoting Jews who had been made captives by the Romans under Pompey but were afterward set free; and who, although they had fixed their abode at Rome, had built at their own expense a synagogue at Jerusalem which they frequented when in that city. The name Libertines adhered to them to distinguish them from the free-born Jews who had subsequently taken up their residence at Rome. Cf. Winer s RWB under the word Libertiner; Hausrath in Schenkel iv., 38f; (B. D. under the word . Evidence seems to have been discovered of the existence of a synagogue of the libertines at Pompeii; cf. De Rossi, Bullet. di Arch. Christ. for 1864, pp. 70, 92f.)

Λιβύη

(3033) Λιβύη, Λιβύης, ἡ, Libya, a large region of northern Africa, bordering on Egypt. In that portion of it which had Cyrene for its capital and was thence called Libya Cyrenaica (ἡ πρός Κυρήνην Λιβύη;, Josephus , Antiquities 16, 6, 1; ἡ Λιβύη ἡ κατά Κυρήνην (which see), Acts 2:10) dwelt many Jews (Josephus , Antiquities 14, 7, 2; 16, 6, 1; b. j. 7, 11; c. Apion. 2, 4 (where cf. Müller's notes)): Acts 2:10.

λιθάζω

(3034) λιθάζω: 1 aorist ἐλίθασα; 1 aorist passive ἐλιθάσθην; (λίθος); to stone; i. e.,

a. to overwhelm or bury with stones, (lapidibus cooperio, Cicero ): τινα, of stoning, which was a Jewish mode of punishment (cf. Winer s RWB under the word Steinigung; (B. D. under the word, III. a. 1)): John 10:31-33 (where λιθάζετε and λιθάζομέν are used of the act of beginning; (cf. Winer s Grammar, § 40, 2 a.; Buttmann , 205 (178))); John 11:8; Hob. 11:37.

b. to pelt one with stones, in order either to wound or to kill him: Acts 14:19; passive, Acts 5:26 (cf. Winer s Grammar, 505 (471); Buttmann , 242 (208)); 2 Corinthians 11:25. (Aristotle , Polybius , Strabo ; λιθάζειν ἐν λίθοις, 2 Samuel 16:6.) (Compare: καταλιθάζω.)

λίθινος

(3035) λίθινος, λιθινη, λιθινον (λίθος); from Pindar down; of stone: John 2:6; 2 Corinthians 3:3; Revelation 9:20.

λιθοβολέω

(3036) λιθοβολέω, λιθοβόλω; imperfect 3 person plural ἐλιθοβόλουν; 1 aorist ἐλιθοβόλησα; passive, present λιθοβολοῦμαι; 1 future λιθοβοληθήσομαι; (λιθοβόλος, and this from λίθος and βάλλω (cf. Winer s Grammar, 102 (96); 25, 26)); the Sept. for סָקַל and רָגַם; equivalent to λιθάζω (which see), to stone; i. e.

a. to kill by stoning, to stone (of a species of punishment, see λιθάζω ): τινα, Matthew 21:35; Matthew 23:37; Luke 13:34; Acts 7:58; passive, John 8:5; Hebrews 12:20.

b. to pelt with stones: τινα, Mark 12:4 (Rec. ); Acts 14:5. ((Diodorus 17, 41, 8); Plutarch , mor., p. 1011 e.)

λίθος

(3037) λίθος, λίθου, ὁ, the Sept. for אֶבֶן (from Homer down); a stone: of small stones, Matthew 4:6; Matthew 7:9; Luke 3:8; Luke 4:1-44:(Luke 4:3),Luke 4:11; Luke 11:11; Luke 22:41; John 8:7; plural, Matthew 3:9; Matthew 4:3; Mark 5:5; Luke 3:8; Luke 19:40; John 8:59; John 10:31; of a large stone, Matthew 27:60, Matthew 27:66; Matthew 28:2; Mark 15:46; Mark 16:3; Luke 24:2; John 11:38, John 11:41; John 20:1; of building stones, Matthew 21:42, Matthew 21:44 (T omits; L WH Tr marginal reading brackets the verse); Matthew 24:2; Mark 12:10; Mark 13:1; Luke 19:44; Luke 20:17; Luke 21:5; Acts 4:11; 1 Peter 2:7; metaphorically of Christ: λίθος ἀκρογωνιαῖος (which see), ἐκλεκτός (cf. 2 Esdr. 5:8), ἔντιμος, 1 Peter 2:6 (Isaiah 28:16); ζῶν (see ζάω , II. b.), 1 Peter 2:4; λίθος προσκόμματος, one whose words, acts, end, men (so stumble at) take such offence at, that they reject him and thus bring upon themselves ruin, 1 Peter 2:8 (7); Romans 9:33; of Christians: λίθοι ζῶντες, living stones (see ζάω , as above), of which the temple of God is built, 1 Peter 2:5; of the truths with which, as with building materials, a teacher builds Christians up in wisdom, λίθοι τίμιοι, costly stones, 1 Corinthians 3:12. λίθος μυλικός, Mark 9:42 R G ; Luke 17:2 L T Tr WH , cf. Revelation 18:21. of precious stones, gems: λίθος τίμιος, Revelation 17:4; Revelation 18:12, Revelation 18:16; Revelation 21:11, Revelation 21:19 (2 Samuel 12:30; 1 Kings 10:2, 1 Kings 10:11); ἰάσπις, Revelation 4:3; ἐνδεδυμένοι λίθον (for R G T λίνον) καθαρόν, Revelation 15:6 L Tr text WH (Ezekiel 28:13 πάντα (or πᾶν) λίθον χρηστόν ἐνδέδεσαι; (see WH . Introduction at the passage cited)); but (against the reading λίθον) (cf. Scrivener , Plain Introduction etc., p. 658). Special stones cut in a certain form: stone tablets (engraved with letters), 2 Corinthians 3:7; statues of idols, Acts 17:29 (Deuteronomy 4:28; Ezekiel 20:32).

λιθόστρωτος

(3038) λιθόστρωτος, λιθόστρωτον (from λίθος and the verbal adjective στρωτός from στρώννυμι), spread (paved) with stones (νυμφειον, Sophocles Antig. 1204-1205); τό λιθόστρωτον, substantively, a mosaic or tessellated pavement: so of a place near the praetorium or palace at Jerusalem, John 19:13 (see Γαββαθα ); of places in the outer courts of the temple, 2 Chronicles 7:3; Josephus , b. j. 6, 1, 8 and 3, 2; of an apartment whose pavement consists of tessellated work, Epictetus diss. 4, 7, 31, cf. Esther 1:6; Suetonius , Julius Caesar 46; Pliny , h. n. 36, 60 cf. 64.

λικμάω

(3039) λικμάω, λικμῷ: future λικμήσω; (λιμός a winnowing-van);

1. to winnow, cleanse away the chaff from grain by winnowing (Homer , Xenophon , Plutarch , others; the Sept. ).

2. in a sense unknown to secular authors, to scatter (opposed to συνάγω, Jeremiah 31:10 (or Jeremiah 38:1-28); add, Isaiah 17:13; Amos 9:9).

3. to crush to pieces, grind to powder: τινα, Matthew 21:44 (R G L brackets WH brackets); Luke 20:18; cf. Daniel 2:44 (Theod. ); Wis. 11:19 (18). (But in Daniel, the passage cited it represents the Aphel of סוּף,finem facere , and on Sap. l. c. see Grimm. Many decline to follow the rendering of the Vulg. (conterere, comminuere ), but refer the examples under this head to the preceding.)

λιμήν

(3040) λιμήν, λιμένος, ὁ (allied with λίμνη, which see; from Homer down), a harbor, haven: Acts 27:8, Acts 27:12; see καλοί λιμενες, p. 322{a}.

λίμνη

(3041) λίμνη, λίμνης, ἡ (from λείβω to pour, pour out (cf. Curtius , § 541)) (from Homer down), a lake: λίμνη Γεννησαρέτ (which see), Luke 5:1; absolutely, of the same, Luke 5:2; Luke 8:22, Luke 8:33; τοῦ πυρός, Revelation 19:20; Revelation 20:10, Revelation 20:14; καιομένη πυρί, Revelation 21:8.

λιμός

(3042) λιμός, λιμοῦ, ὁ (and ἡ in Doric and later writings; so L T Tr WH in Luke 15:14; Acts 11:28; so, too, in Isaiah 8:21; 1 Kings 18:2; cf. Lob. ad Phryn. , p. 188; (Liddell and Scott, under the word at the beginning; WH s Appendix, p. 157a); Buttmann , 12 (11); Winer s Grammar, 63 (62) (cf. 36), and 526 (490)); the Sept. very often for רָעָב; hunger: Luke 15:17; Romans 8:35; ἐν λιμῷ καί δίψει, 2 Corinthians 11:21; Xenophon , mem. 1, 4, 13; equivalent to scarcity of harvest, famine: Luke 4:25; Luke 15:14; Acts 7:11; Acts 11:28 (cf. Buttmann , 81 (71)); Revelation 6:8; Revelation 18:8; λιμοί, famines in divers lands, Mark 13:8; λιμοί καί λοιμοί, Matthew 24:7 (L T Tr text WH omit καί λοιμοί); Luke 21:11; Theophilus ad Autol. 2, 9; the two are joined in the singular in Hesiod , Works, 226; Herodotus 7, 171; Philo , vit. Moys. i. § 19; Plutarch , de Isa. et Osir. 47.

λίνον

(3043) λίνον (Treg. λίνον (so R G in Matt. as below), incorrectly, for the iota ἰ is short; (cf. Lipsius , Gramm. Uutersuch., p. 42)), λινου, τό, the Sept. several times for פִּשְׁתָּה, in Greek writings from Homer down, flax: Exodus 9:31; linen, as clothing, Revelation 15:6 R G T Tr marginal reading; the wick of a lamp, Matthew 12:20, after Isaiah 42:3.

Λίνος

(3044) Λίνος (not Λίνος (with R G Tr ); see Passow (or Liddell and Scott), under the word; cf. Lipsius , Gramm. Untersuch., p. 42), Λινου, ὁ, Linus, one of Paul's Christian associates; according to ecclesiastical tradition bishop of the church at Rome (cf. Hase, Polemik, edition 3, p. 131; Lipsius , Chronologie d. röm. Bischöfe, p. 146; (Dict. of Chris. Biog. under the word)): 2 Timothy 4:21.

λιπαρός

(3045) λιπαρός, λιπαρά, λιπαρόν (λίπα (or rather, λίπος grease, akin to ἀλείφω)); from Homer down; fat: τά λιπαρά (joined with τά λαμπρά, which see) things which pertain to a sumptuous and delicate style of living (A. V. dainty), Revelation 18:14.

λίτρα

(3046) λίτρα, λίτρας, ἡ, a pound, a weight of twelve ounces: John 12:3; John 19:39. (Polybius 22, 26, 19; Diodorus 14,116, 7; Plutarch , Tib. et G. Grac. 2, 3; Josephus , Antiquities 14, 7, 1; others.)

λίψ

(3047) λίψ, λιβός, ὁ (from λείβω (to pour forth), because it brings moisture);

1. the southwest wind: Herodotus 2, 25; Polybius 10, 10, 3; others.

2. the quarter of the heavens whence the southwest wind blows: Acts 27:12 (on which see βλέπω , 3 and κατά, II. 1 c.) (Genesis 13:14; Genesis 20:1; Numbers 2:10; Deuteronomy 33:23).

λογεία

(3048) λόγια, λογίας, ἡ (from λέγω to collect) (Vulg. collecta ), a collection: of money gathered for the relief of the poor, 1 Corinthians 16:1 (Not found in secular authors (cf. Winer 's Grammar, 25).)

λογίζομαι

(3049) λογίζομαι; imperfect ἐλογιζόμην; 1 aorist ἐλογισάμην; a deponent verb with 1 aorist passive ἐλογίσθην and 1 future passive λογισθήσομαι; in Biblical Greek also the present is used passively (in secular authors the present participle is once used so, in Herodotus 3, 95; (cf. Veitch , under the word; Winer s Grammar, 259 (243); Buttmann , 52 (46))); (λόγος); the Sept. for חָשַׁב; (a favorite word with the apostle Paul, being used (exclusive of quotations) some 27 times in his Epistles, and only four times in the rest of the N. T.);

1. (rationes conferre) to reckon, count, compute, calculate, count over; hence,

a. to take into account, to make account of: τί τίνι, Romans 4:3,(4); metaphorically, to pass to one's account, to impute (A. V. reckon): τί, 1 Corinthians 13:5; τίνι τί, 2 Timothy 4:16 (A. V. lay to one's charge); τίνι διακιοσυνην, ἁμαρτίαν, Romans 4:6,(8 (yet here L marginal reading T Tr WH text read οὗ)); τά παραπτώματα, 2 Corinthians 5:19; in imitation of the Hebrew לְ נֶחֱשַׁב, λογίζεται τί (or τίς) εἰς τί (equivalent to εἰς τό or ὥστε εἶναι τί), a thing is reckoned as or to be something, i. e. as availing for or equivalent to something, as having the like force and weight (cf. Fritzsche on Romans, vol. i., p. 137; (cf. Winer s Grammar, § 29, 3 Note a.; 228 (214); Buttmann , § 131, 7 Rem.)): Romans 2:26; Romans 9:8; εἰς οὐδέν, Acts 19:27; Isaiah 40:17; Daniel ((Theod. ὡς)) Daniel 4:32; Wis. 3:17 Wis. 9:6; ἡ πίστις εἰς δικαιοσύνην, Romans 4:3, Romans 4:5, Romans 4:9-11, Romans 4:22, Romans 4:24; Galatians 3:6; James 2:23; Genesis 15:6; Psalms 105:31 (Psalms 106:31); 1 Macc. 2:52.

b. equivalent to to number among, reckon with: τινα μετά τινων, Mark 15:28 (yet G T WH omit; Tr brackets the verse) and Luke 22:37, after Isaiah 53:12, where the Sept. ἐν τοῖς ἀνόμοις.

c. to reckon or account, and treat accordingly: τινα ὡς τί, Romans 8:36 from Psalm 43:23 (Psalms 44:23); cf. Buttmann , 151 (132); (Winer 's Grammar, 602 (560)); (Romans 6:11 followed by accusative with an infinitive, but G L omit; Tr brackets the infinitive; cf. Winer 's Grammar, 321 (302)).

2. (in animo rationes conferre) to reckon inwardly, count up or weigh the reasons, to deliberate (A. V. reason): πρός ἑαυτούς, one addressing himself to another, Mark 11:31 R G (πρός ἐμαυτόν, with myself, in my mind, Plato , Apology, p. 21 d.).

3. by reckoning up all the reasons to gather or infer; i. e.,

a. to consider, take account, weigh, meditate on: τί, a thing, with a view to obtaining it, Philippians 4:8; followed by ὅτι, Hebrews 11:19; (John 11:50 (Rec. διαλογίζεσθε)); τοῦτο followed by ὅτι, 2 Corinthians 10:11.

b. to suppose, deem, judge: absolutely, 1 Corinthians 13:11; ὡς λογίζομαι, 1 Peter 5:12; τί, anything relative to the promotion of the gospel, 2 Corinthians 3:5; τί εἰς τινα (as respects one) ὑπέρ (τοῦ) ὁ etc. to think better of one than agrees with what etc. (`account of one above that which' etc.), 2 Corinthians 12:6; followed by ὅτι, Romans 8:18; τοῦτο followed by ὅτι, Romans 2:3; 2 Corinthians 10:7; followed by an infinitive belonging to the subject, 2 Corinthians 11:5; followed by an accusative with an infinitive, Romans 3:28; Romans 14:14; Philippians 3:13 (cf. Winer 's Grammar, 321 (302)); τινα ὡς τινα, to hold (A. V. 'count') one as, 2 Corinthians 10:2 (cf. Winer 's Grammar, 602 (560)); with a preparatory οὕτως preceding, 1 Corinthians 4:1.

c. to determine, purpose, decide (cf. American 'calculate'), followed by an infinitive (Euripides , Or. 555): 2 Corinthians 10:2. (Compare: ἀναλογίζομαι, διαλογίζομαι, παραλογίζομαι, συλλογίζομαι.)

λογικός

(3050) λογικός, λογικη, λογικόν (from λόγος reason) (Tim. Locr., Demosthenes , others), rational (Vulg. rationabilis ); agreeable to reason, following reason, reasonable: λατρεία λογικη, the worship which is rendered by the reason or soul (`spiritual'), Romans 12:1 (λογικη καί ἀναίμακτος προσφορά, of the offering which angels present to God, Test xii. Patr. (test. Levi § 3), p. 547, Fabric. edition; (cf. Athenagoras , suppl. pro Christ. § 13 at the end)); τό λογικόν γάλα, the milk which nourishes the soul (see γάλα ), 1 Peter 2:2 (λογικη τροφή, Eus. h. e. 4, 23 at the end).

λόγιον

(3051) λόγιον, λογιου, τό (diminutive of λόγος (so Bleek (on Hebrews 5:12), et al.; others, neuter of λόγιος (Meyer on Romans 3:2))), properly, "a little word (so Schol. ad Aristophanes ran. 969 (973)), a brief utterance, in secular authors a divine oracle" (doubtless because oracles were generally brief); Herodotus , Thucydides , Aristophanes , Euripides ; Polybius 3, 112, 8; 8, 30, 6; Diodorus 2, 14; Aelian v. h. 2, 41; of the Sibylline oracles, Diodorus , p. 602 (from 50:34); Plutarch , Fab. 4; in the Sept. for חֹשֶׁן the breast-plate of the high priest, which he wore when he consulted Jehovah, Exodus 28:15; Exodus 29:5, etc.; (once for אֹמֶר, of the words of a man, Psalms 18:15 (Ps. 19:15)); but chiefly for אִמְרָה of any utterance of God, whether precept or promise; (cf. Philo de congr. erud. grat. § 24; de profug. § 11 under the end); of the prophecies of God in the O. T., Josephus , b. j. 6, 5, 4; νόμους καί λόγια θεσπισθεντα διά προφητῶν καί ὕμνους, Philo vit. contempl. § 3; τό λόγιον τοῦ προφήτου (Moses), vit. Moys. 3:35, cf. (23, and) de praem. et poen. § 1 at the beginning; τά δέκα λόγια, the Ten Commandments of God or the Decalogue, in Philo , who wrote a special treatise concerning them (Works edition Mang. ii., p. 180ff (edited by Richter iv., p. 246ff)); (Apostolic Constitutions 2, 36 (p. 63, 7 edition Lagarde)); Eusebius , h. e. 2, 18. In the N. T. spoken of the words or utterances of God: of the contents of the Mosaic law, Acts 7:38; with τοῦ Θεοῦ or Θεοῦ added, of his commands in the Mosaic law and his Messianic promises, Romans 3:2, cf. Philippi and Umbreit at the passage; of the substance of the Christian religion, Hebrews 5:12; of the utterances of God through Christian teachers, 1 Peter 4:11. (In ecclesiastical writings λόγια τοῦ κυρίου is used of Christ's precepts, by Polycarp , ad Philipp. 7, 1 [ET]; κυριακα λόγια of the sayings and discourses of Christ which are recorded in the Gospels, by Papias in Eusebius , h. e. 3, 39; Photius c. 228, p. 248 (18 edition, Bekker); (τά λόγια τοῦ Θεοῦ) of the words and admonitions of God in the sacred Scriptures, Clement of Rome , 1 Cor. 53, 1 [ET] (where parallel with αἱ ἱεραι γραφαί), cf. 62, 9 [ET]; (and τά λόγια simply, like αἱ γραφαί of the New T. in the interpolated Epistle of Ignatius ad Smyrn. 3 [ET]). Cf. Schwegler ((also Heinichen)), Index 4 ad Eusebius , h. e. under the word λόγιον; (especially Sophocles Lexicon, under the word and Lightfoot in the Contemp. Rev. for Aug. 1875, p. 399ff On the general use of the word cf. Bleek, Br. a. d. Hebrew iii., pp. 114-117).)

λόγιος

(3052) λόγιος, λόγιον (λόγος), in classical Greek

1. learned, a man of letters, skilled in literature and the arts; especially versed in history and antiquities.

2. skilled in speech, eloquent: so Acts 18:24 (which, however, others refer to 1 (finding its explanation in the following δυαντος κτλ.)). The use of the word is fully exhibited by Lobeck ad Phryn., p. 198. ((Herodotus , Euripides , others))

λογισμός

(3053) λογισμός, λογισμοῦ, ὁ (λογίζομαι));

1. a reckoning, computation.

2. a reasoning: such as is hostile to the Christian faith, 2 Corinthians 10:4(5) (A. V. imaginations).

3. a judgment, decision: such as conscience passes, Romans 2:15 (A. V. thoughts). (Thucydides , Xenophon , Plato , Demosthenes , others; the Sept. for מַחֵשָׁבָה, as Proverbs 6:18; Jeremiah 11:19; Psalms 32:10 (Psalms 33:10).)

λογομαχέω

(3054) λογομαχέω, λογομάχω; (from λγομαχος, and this from λόγος and μάχομαι); to contend about words; contextually, to wrangle about empty and trifling matters: 2 Timothy 2:14. (Not found in secular authors.)

λογομαχία

(3055) λογομαχία, λογομαχίας, ἡ (λογομαχέω), dispute about words, war of words, or about trivial and empty things: plural 1 Timothy 6:4. (Not found in secular authors.)

λόγος

(3056) λόγος, λόγου, ὁ (λέγω) (from Homer down), the Sept. especially for דָּבָר, also for אֹמֶר and מִלָּה; properly, a collecting, collection (see λέγω ) — and that, as well of those things which are put together in thought, as of those which, having been thought i. e. gathered together in the mind, are expressed in words. Accordingly, a twofold use of the term is to be distinguished: one which relates to speaking, and one which relates to thinking.

I. As respects speech:

1. a word, yet not in the grammatical sense (equivalent to vocabulum, the mere name of an object), but language, vox, i. e. a word which, uttered by the living voice, embodies a conception or idea; (hence, it differs from ῤῆμα and ἔπος (which see; cf. also λαλέω, at the beginning)): Hebrews 12:19; ἀποκριθῆναι λόγον, Matthew 22:46; εἰπεῖν λόγῳ, Matthew 8:8 (Rec. λόγον (cf. εἶπον , 3 a. at the end)); Luke 7:7; λαλῆσαι πέντε, μυρίους, λόγους, 1 Corinthians 14:19; διδόναι λόγον εὔσημον, to utter a distinct word, intelligible speech, 1 Corinthians 14:9; εἰπεῖν λόγον κατά τίνος, to speak a word against, to the injury of, one, Matthew 12:32; also εἰς τινα, Luke 12:10; to drive out demons λόγῳ, Matthew 8:16; ἐπερωτᾶν τινα ἐν λόγοις ἱκανοῖς, Luke 23:9; of the words of a conversation, ἀντιβάλλειν λόγους, Luke 24:17.

2. what someone has said; a saying;

a. universally: Matthew 19:22 (T omits); Mark 5:36 (cf, Buttmann , 302 (259) note); Mark 7:29; Luke 1:29; Luke 20:20, Luke 20:22 (Tr marginal reading WH ῤήματος); John 2:22; John 4:39, John 4:50; John 6:60; John 7:36; John 15:20; John 18:9; John 19:8; Acts 7:29; ὁ λόγος οὗτος, this (twofold) saying (of the people), Luke 7:17, cf. Luke 7:16; τόν αὐτόν λόγον εἰπών, Matthew 26:44; (Mark 14:39); παγιδεύειν τινα ἐν λόγῳ, in a word or saying which they might elicit from him and turn into an accusation, Matthew 22:15; ἀγρεύειν τινα λόγῳ, i. e. by propounding a question, Mark 12:13; plural, Luke 1:20; Acts 5:5, Acts 5:24; with the genitive of the contents: ὁ λόγος ἐπαγγελίας, Romans 9:9; ὁ λόγος τῆς ὁρκομωσιας, Hebrews 7:28; λόγος παρακλήσεως, Acts 13:15; ὁ λόγος τῆς μαρτυρίας, Revelation 12:11; οἱ λόγοι τῆς προφητείας, Revelation 1:3 (Tdf. τόν λόγον); Revelation 22:6, Revelation 22:10, Revelation 22:18; ὁ προφητικός λόγος, the prophetic promise, collectively of the sum of the O. T. prophecies, particularly the Messianic, 2 Peter 1:19; of the sayings and statements of teachers: οἱ λόγοι οὗτοι, the sayings previously related, Matthew 7:24 (here L Tr WH brackets τούτους); Matthew 7:26; Luke 9:28; οἱ λόγοι τίνος, the words, commands, counsels, promises, etc., of any teacher, Matthew 10:14; Matthew 24:35; Mark 8:38; Luke 9:44; John 14:24; Acts 20:35; λόγοι ἀληθινοί, Revelation 19:9; Revelation 21:5; πιστοί, Revelation 22:6; κενοί, Ephesians 5:6: πλαστοι, 2 Peter 2:3 (cf. Winer s Grammar, 217 (204));

b. of the sayings of God;

α. equivalent to decree, mandate, order: Romans 9:28; with τοῦ Θεοῦ added, 2 Peter 3:5, 2 Peter 3:7 (R^st G Tr text); ὁ λόγος τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐγένετο πρός τινα (a phrase frequent in the O. T.), John 10:35.

β. of the moral precepts given by God in the O. T.: Mark 7:13; (Matthew 15:6 L Tr WH text); Romans 13:9; Galatians 5:14 (cf. οἱ δέκα λόγοι (Exodus 34:28; Deuteronomy 10:4 (cf. ῤήματα, Deuteronomy 4:13); Philo , quis rer. div. her. § 35; de decalog. § 9); Josephus , Antiquities 3, 6, 5 (cf. 5, 5)).

γ. equivalent to promise: ὁ λόγος τῆς ἀκοῆς (equivalent to ὁ ἀκουσθεις), Hebrews 4:2; ὁ λόγος τοῦ Θεοῦ, Romans 9:6; plural Romans 3:4; universally, a divine declaration recorded in the O. T., John 12:38; John 15:25; 1 Corinthians 15:54.

δ. διά λόγου Θεοῦ etc. through prayer in which the language of the O. T. is employed: 1 Timothy 4:5; cf. DeWette and Huther at the passage

ε. ὁ λόγος τοῦ Θεοῦ, as יְהוָה דֲּבַר often in the O. T. prophets, "an oracle or utterance by which God discloses, to the prophets or through the prophets, future events": used collectively of the sum of such utterances, Revelation 1:2, Revelation 1:9; cf. Düsterdieck and Bleek ad the passages cited

c. what is declared, a thought, declaration, aphorism (Latin sententia ): τόν λόγον τοῦτον (reference is made to what follows, so that γάρ in Revelation 1:12 is explicative), Matthew 19:11; a dictum, maxim or weighty saying: 1 Timothy 1:15; 1 Timothy 3:1; 2 Timothy 2:11; Titus 3:8; equivalent to proverb, John 4:37 (as sometimes in classical Greek, e. g. (Aeschylus the Sept. adverb Theb. 218); ὁ παλαιός λόγος, Plato , Phaedr., p. 240c.; conviv., p. 195 b.; legg. 6, p. 757 a.; Gorgias , p. 499 c.; verum est verbum quod memoratur, ubi amici, ibi apes, Plautus Truc. 4, 4, 32; add, Terence , Andr. 2, 5, 15; others).

3. discourse (Latin oratio );

a. the act of speaking, speech: Acts 14:12; 2 Corinthians 10:10; James 3:2; διά λόγου, by word of month, Acts 15:27; opposed to δἰ ἐπιστολῶν, 2 Thessalonians 2:15; διά λόγου πολλοῦ, Acts 15:32; λόγῳ πολλῷ, Acts 20:2; περί οὗ πολύς ἡμῖν ὁ λόγος, of whom we have many things to say, Hebrews 5:11; ὁ λόγος ὑμῶν, Matthew 5:37; Colossians 4:6; λόγος κολακείας, 1 Thessalonians 2:5. λόγος is distinguished from σοφία in 1 Corinthians 2:1; from ἀναστροφή, 1 Timothy 4:12; from δύναμις, 1 Corinthians 4:19; 1 Thessalonians 1:5; from ἔργον, Romans 15:18; 2 Corinthians 10:11; Colossians 3:17; from ἔργον καί ἀλήθεια, 1 John 3:18 (see ἔργον , 3, p. 248a bottom); οὐδενός λόγου τίμιον, not worth mentioning (λόγου ἄξιον, Herodotus 4, 28; cf. German der Rede werth), i. e. a thing of no value, Acts 20:24 T Tr WH (see II. 2 below).

b. equivalent to the faculty of speech: Ephesians 6:19; skill and practice in speaking: ἰδιώτης τῷ λγόω ἀλλ' οὐ τῇ γνώσει, 2 Corinthians 11:6; δυνατός ἐν ἔργῳ καί λόγῳ, Luke 24:19 (ἄνδρας λόγῳ δυνατούς, Diodorus 13, 101); λόγος σοφίας or γνώσεως, the art of speaking to the purpose about things pertaining to wisdom or knowledge, 1 Corinthians 12:8.

c. a kind (or style) of speaking: ἐν παντί λόγῳ, 1 Corinthians 1:5 (A. V. utterance).

d. continuous speaking, discourse, such as in the N. T. is characteristic of teachers: Luke 4:32, Luke 4:36; John 4:41; Acts 4:4 (cf. Acts 3:12-26); Acts 20:7; 1 Corinthians 1:17; 1 Corinthians 2:1; plural, Matthew 7:28; Matthew 19:1; Matthew 26:1; Luke 9:26; Acts 2:40; δυνατός ἐν λόγοις καί ἔργοις αὐτοῦ, Acts 7:22. Hence, the thought of the subject being uppermost,

e. instruction: Colossians 4:3; Titus 2:8; 1 Peter 3:1; joined with διδασκαλία, 1 Timothy 5:17; with a genitive of the teacher, John 5:24; John 8:52; John 15:20; John 17:20; Acts 2:41; 1 Corinthians 2:4; 2 Corinthians 1:18 (cf. 2 Corinthians 1:19); ὁ λόγος ὁ ἐμός, John 8:31, John 8:37, John 8:43, John 8:51; John 14:23; τινα λόγῳ, with what instruction, 1 Corinthians 15:2 (where construe, εἰ κατέχετε, τίνι λόγῳ etc.; cf. Buttmann , §§ 139,58; 151,20); equivalent to κήρυγμα, preaching, with the genitive of the object: λόγος ἀληθείας, 2 Corinthians 6:7; James 1:18; ὁ λόγος τῆς ἀληθείας, Colossians 1:5; Ephesians 1:13; 2 Timothy 2:15; τῆς καταλλαγῆς, 2 Corinthians 5:19; ὁ λόγος τῆς σωτηρίας ταύτης, concerning this salvation (i. e. the salvation obtained through Christ) (cf. Winer s Grammar, 237 (223); Buttmann , 162 (141)), Acts 13:26; ὁ λόγος τῆς βασιλείας (τοῦ Θεοῦ), Matthew 13:19; τοῦ σταυροῦ, 1 Corinthians 1:18; ὁ τῆς ἀρχῆς τοῦ Χριστοῦ λόγος, the first instruction concerning Christ (cf. Buttmann , 155 (136); Winer 's Grammar, 188 (177)), Hebrews 6:1. Hence,

4. in an objective sense, what is communicated by instruction, doctrine: universally, Acts 18:15; ὁ λόγος αὐτῶν, 2 Timothy 2:17; plural ἡμέτεροι λόγοι, 2 Timothy 4:15; ὑγιαίνοντες λόγοι, 2 Timothy 1:13; with a genitive of object added, τοῦ κυρίου, 1 Timothy 6:3; τῆς πίστεως, the doctrines of faith (see πίστις , 1 c. β.), 1 Timothy 4:6. specifically, the doctrine concerning the attainment through Christ of salvation in the kingdom of God: simply, Matthew 13:20-23; Mark 4:14-20; Mark 8:32; Mark 16:20; Luke 1:2; Luke 8:12; Acts 8:4; Acts 10:44; Acts 11:19; Acts 14:25; Acts 17:11; Galatians 6:6; Philippians 1:14; 1 Thessalonians 1:6; 2 Timothy 4:2; 1 Peter 2:8; τόν λόγον, ὅν ἀπέστειλε τοῖς etc. the doctrine which he commanded to be delivered to, etc. Acts 10:36 (but L WH text omit; Tr brackets ὅν; cf. Winer s Grammar, § 62, 3 at the end; Buttmann , § 131, 13); τόν λόγον ἀκούειν, Luke 8:15; John 14:24; Acts 4:4; 1 John 2:7; λαλεῖν, John 15:3 (see other examples under the word λαλέω, 5 under the end); ἀπειθεῖν τῷ λόγῳ, 1 Peter 2:8; 1 Peter 3:1; διδαχή πιστοῦ λόγου, Titus 1:9; with the genitive of the teacher: ὁ λόγου αὐτῶν, Acts 2:41; with the genitive of the author: τοῦ Θεοῦ, Luke 5:1; Luke 8:11, Luke 8:21; Luke 11:28; John 17:6, John 17:14; 1 Corinthians 14:36; 2 Corinthians 4:2; Colossians 1:25; 2 Timothy 2:9; Titus 1:3; Titus 2:5; Hebrews 13:7; 1 John 1:10; 1 John 2:5, 1 John 2:14; Revelation 6:9; Revelation 20:4; very often in the book of Acts: Acts 4:29, Acts 4:31; Acts 6:2, Acts 6:7; Acts 8:14; Acts 11:1, Acts 11:19; Acts 12:24; Acts 13:5, Acts 13:7, Acts 13:44, Acts 13:46; Acts 17:13; Acts 18:11; opposed to λόγος ἀνθρώπων (Buttmann , § 151, 14), 1 Thessalonians 2:13; λόγος ζῶν Θεοῦ, 1 Peter 1:23; ὁ λόγος τοῦ κυρίου, Acts 8:25; Acts 13:48 ((WH text Tr marginal reading Θεοῦ)); Acts 15:35; Acts 19:10, Acts 19:20; 1 Thessalonians 1:8; 2 Thessalonians 3:1; τοῦ Χριστοῦ, Colossians 3:16; Revelation 3:8; with the genitive of apposition, τοῦ εὐαγγελίου, Acts 15:7; with the genitive of the object, τῆς χάριτος τοῦ Θεοῦ, Acts 14:3; Acts 20:32; δικαιοσύνης (see δικαιοσύνη , 1 a.), Hebrews 5:13; with the genitive of quality, τῆς ζωῆς, containing in itself the true life and imparting it to men, Philippians 2:16.

5. anything reported in speech; a narration, narrative: of a written narrative, a continuous account of things done, Acts 1:1 (often so in Greek writings from Herodotus down (cf. Liddell and Scott, under the word, A. IV.)); a fictitious narrative, a story, Matthew 28:15, cf. Matthew 28:13. report (in a good sense): ὁ λόγος the news concerning the success of the Christian cause, Acts 11:22; περί τίνος, Luke 5:15; rumor, i. e. current story, John 21:23; λόγον ἔχειν τίνος, to have the (unmerited) reputation of any excellence, Colossians 2:23 (so λόγον ἔχει τίς followed by an infinitive, Herodotus 5, 66; Plato , epin., p. 987b.; (see especially Lightfoot on Colossians, the passage cited (cf. Liddell and Scott, under the word A. III. 3))).

6. matter under discussion, thing spoken of, affair: Matthew 21:24; Mark 11:29; Luke 20:3; Acts 8:21; Acts 15:6, and often in Greek writings (Liddell and Scott, under A. VIII.); a matter in dispute, case, suit at law (as דָּבָר in Exodus 18:16; Exodus 22:8): ἔχειν λόγον πρός τινα, to have a ground of action against anyone, Acts 19:38, cf. Kypke at the passage; παρεκτός λόγου πορνείας ((cf. II. 6 below) זְנוּת (or דְּבַר עַל־) בִּלְתִּי מִלְּבַד, Delitzsch) Matthew 5:32; (Matthew 19:9 L WH marginal reading).

7. thing spoken of or talked about; event; deed (often so in Greek writings from Herodotus down): διαφημίζειν τόν λόγον, to blaze abroad the occurrence, Mark 1:45; plural Luke 1:4 (as often in the O. T.; μετά τούς λόγους τούτους, 1 Macc. 7:33).

II. Its use as respects the mind, alone, Latin ratio ; i. e.:

1. reason, the mental faculty of thinking, meditating, reasoning, calculating, etc.: once so in the phrase ὁ λόγος τοῦ Θεοῦ, of the divine mind, pervading and noting all things by its proper force, Hebrews 4:12.

2. account, i. e. regard, consideration: λόγον ποιεῖσθαι τίνος, to have regard for, make account of a thing, care for a thins, Acts 20:24 R G (Job 22:4; Herodotus 1, 4. 13 etc.; Aeschylus , Prom. 231; Theocritus , 3, 33; Demosthenes , Josephus , Dionysius Halicarnassus , Plutarch , others (cf. Liddell and Scott, under the word, B. II. 1)); also λόγον ἔχειν τίνος, Acts, the passage cited Lachmann (Tobit 6:16 (15)) (cf. I. 3 a. above).

3. account, i. e. reckoning, score: δόσεως καί λήψεως (see δόσις , 1), Philippians 4:15 (where cf. Lightfoot ); εἰς λόγον ὑμῶν, to your account, i. e. tropically, to your advantage, Philippians 4:17; συναίρειν λόγον (an expression not found in Greek authors), to make a reckoning, settle accounts, Matthew 18:23; Matthew 25:19.

4. account, i. e. answer or explanation in reference to judgment: λόγον διδόναι (as often in Greek authors), to give or render an account, Romans 14:12 R G T WH L marginal reading Tr marginal reading; also ἀποδιδόναι, Hebrews 13:17; 1 Peter 4:5; with the genitive of the thing, Luke 16:2; Acts 19:40 (R G ); περί τίνος, Matthew 12:36; (Acts 19:40 L T Tr WH ); τίνι περί ἑαυτοῦ, Romans 14:12 L text brackets Tr text; αἰτεῖν τινα λόγον περί τίνος, 1 Peter 3:15 (Plato , polit., p. 285 e.).

5. relation: πρός ὅν ἡμῖν ὁ λόγος, with whom as judge we stand in relation (A. V. have to do), Hebrews 4:13; κατά λόγον, as is right, justly, Acts 18:14 (A. V. reason would (cf. Polybius 1, 62, 4. 5; 5, 110, 10)) (παρά λόγον, unjustly, 2 Macc. 4:36; 3Macc. 7:8).

6. reason, cause, ground: τίνι λόγῳ, for what reason? why? Acts 10:29 (ἐκ τίνος λόγου; Aeschylus Choeph. 515; ἐξ οὐδενός λόγου, Sophocles Phil. 730; τίνι δικαίῳ λόγῳ κτλ.; Plato , Gorgias , p. 512 c.); παρεκτός λόγου πορνείας (Vulg. excepta fornicationis causa ) is generally referred to this head, Matthew 5:32; (Matthew 19:9 L WH marginal reading); but since where λόγος is used in this sense the genitive is not added, it has seemed best to include this passage among those mentioned in I. 6 above.

III. In several passages in the writings of John ὁ λόγος denotes the essential Word of God, i. e. the personal (hypostatic) wisdom and power in union with God, his minister in the creation and government of the universe, the cause of all the world's life both physical and ethical, which for the procurement of man's salvation put on human nature in the person of Jesus the Messiah and shone forth conspicuously from his words and deeds: John 1:1, John 1:14; (1 John 5:7 Rec. ); with τῆς ζωῆς added (see ζωή , 2 a.), 1 John 1:1; τοῦ Θεοῦ, Revelation 19:13 (although the interpretation which refers this passage to the hypostatic λόγος is disputed by some, as by Baur, Neutest. Theologie, p. 216f). Respecting the combined Hebrew and Greek elements out of which this conception originated among the Alexandrian Jews, see especially Lücke, Comm. üb. d. Evang. des Johan. edition 3, i., pp. 249-294; For a translation of Lücke's discussion see Christian Examiner for 1849 pp.165 sqq. 412 sqq. (cf. especially B. D. American edition under the word (and for works which have appeared subsequently, see Weiss in Meyer on John edition 6; Schürer , Neutest. Zeitgesch. § 34 II.; Mansel in Alex.'s Kitto s.v. Philosophy; Zeller, Philos. der Griechen, 3te Theil, 2², p. 369 sq. (1881); Drummond, Philo Judaeus, vol. ii. pp. 156-273.); Lightfoot on Colossians 1:15, p. 143f; and for references to the use of the term in heathen, Jewish, and Christian writings, see Sophocles Lexicon, under the word, 10).

λόγχη

(3057) λόγχη, λογχης, ἡ;

1. the iron point or head of a spear: Herodotus 1, 52; Ken. an. 4, 7, 16, etc.

2. a lance, spear (shaft armed with iron): John 19:34. (the Sept. ; Pindar , Tragg., and following.)

λοιδορέω

(3058) λοιδορέω, λοιδόρω; 1 aorist ἐλοιδόρησα; present passive participle λοιδορούμενος; (λοίδορος); to reproach, rail at, revile, heap abuse upon: τινα, John 9:28; Acts 23:4; passive, 1 Corinthians 4:12; 1 Peter 2:23. (From Pindar and Aeschylus down; the Sept. several times for רִיב.) (Compare: ἀντιλοιδορέω.)

λοιδορία

(3059) λοιδορία, λοιδορίας, ἡ (λοιδορέω), railing, reviling: 1 Timothy 5:14; 1 Peter 3:9. (The Sept. ; Aristophanes , Thucydides , Xenophon , following.)

λοίδορος

(3060) λοίδορος, λοιδόρου, ὁ, a railer, reviler: 1 Corinthians 5:11; 1 Corinthians 6:10. (Proverbs 25:24; Sir. 23:8; Euripides , (as adjective), Plutarch , others.)

λοιμός

(3061) λοιμός, λοιμοῦ, ὁ (from Homer down), pestilence; plural a pestilence in divers regions (see λιμός ), Matthew 24:7 (R G Tr marginal reading brackets); Luke 21:11; metaphorically, like the Latinpestis (Terence , Adelph. 2, 1, 35; Cicero , Cat. 2, 1), a pestilent fellow, pest, plague: Acts 24:5 (so Demosthenes , p. 794, 5; Aelian v. h. 14, 11; Proverbs 21:24; plural, Psalms 1:1; Psalms 1:1-6 Macc. 15:21; ἄνδρες λοιμοί, 1 Macc. 10:61, cf. 1 Samuel 10:27; 1 Samuel 25:17, etc.).

λοιπός

(3062) λοιπός, λοιπή, λοιπόν (λείπω, λέλοιπα) (from Pindar and Herodotus down), the Sept. for יֶתֶר, נותָר, שְׁאָר, left; plural the remaining, the rest: with substantives, as οἱ λοιποί ἀπόστολοι, Acts 2:37; 1 Corinthians 9:5; add, Matthew 25:11; Romans 1:13; 2 Corinthians 12:13; Galatians 2:13; Philippians 4:3; 2 Peter 3:16; Revelation 8:13; absolutely, the rest of any number or class under consideration: simply, Matthew 22:6; Matthew 27:49; Mark 16:13; Luke 24:10; Acts 17:9; Acts 27:44; with a description added: οἱ λοιποί οἱ etc., Acts 28:9; 1 Thessalonians 4:13; Revelation 2:24; οἱ λοιποί πάντες, 2 Corinthians 13:2; Philippians 1:13; πᾶσι τοῖς λόγοις Luke 24:9; with a genitive: οἱ λοιποί τῶν ἀνθρώπων, Revelation 9:20; τοῦ σπέρματος, Revelation 12:17; τῶν νεκρῶν, Revelation 20:5; with a certain distinction and contrast, the rest, who are not of the specified class or number: Luke 8:10; Luke 18:9; Acts 5:13; Romans 11:7; 1 Corinthians 7:12; 1 Thessalonians 5:6; 1 Timothy 5:20; Revelation 11:13; Revelation 19:21; τά λοιπά, the rest, the things that remain: Mark 4:19; Luke 12:26; 1 Corinthians 11:34; Revelation 3:2. Neuter singular adverbially, τό λοιπόν what remains (Latinquod supcrest ), i. e. a. hereafter, for the future, henceforth (often so in Greek writings from Pindar down): Mark 14:41 R T WH (but τό in brackets); Matthew 26:45 (WH omits; Tr brackets τό); 1 Corinthians 7:29; Hebrews 10:13; and without the article, Mark 14:41 G L Tr (WH (but see above)); 2 Timothy 4:8; cf. Herm. ad Vig. , p. 706. τοῦ λοιποῦ, henceforth, in the future, Ephesians 6:10 L T Tr WH ; Galatians 6:17; Herodotus 2, 109; Aristophanes pax 1084; Xenophon , Cyril 4,4, 10; oec. 10, 9; al; cf. Herm. ad Vig. , p. 706; often also in full τοῦ λοιποῦ χρόνου. (Strictly, τό λοιπόν is 'for the future' τοῦ λοιποῦ, 'in (the) future'; τό λοιπόν may be used for τοῦ λοιποῦ, but not τοῦ λοιποῦ for τό λοιπόν; cf. Meyer and Ellicott on Galatians, as above; Buttmann , §§ 128, 2; 132, 26; Winer s Grammar, 463(432).) b. at last; already: Acts 27:20 (so in later usage, see Passow or Liddell and Scott, under the word). c. τό λοιπόν, dropping the notion of time, signifies for the rest, besides, moreover (A. V. often finally), forming a transition to other things, to which the attention of the hearer or reader is directed: Ephesians 6:10 R G ; Philippians 3:1; Philippians 4:8; 1 Thessalonians 4:1 Rec. ; 2 Thessalonians 3:1; ὁ δέ λοιπόν has the same force in 1 Corinthians 4:2 R G ; λοιπόν in 1 Corinthians 1:16; 1 Corinthians 4:2 L T Tr WH ; 1 Thessalonians 4:1 G L T Tr WH .

λοιπόν

(3063) λοιπός, λοιπή, λοιπόν (λείπω, λέλοιπα) (from Pindar and Herodotus down), the Sept. for יֶתֶר, נותָר, שְׁאָר, left; plural the remaining, the rest: with substantives, as οἱ λοιποί ἀπόστολοι, Acts 2:37; 1 Corinthians 9:5; add, Matthew 25:11; Romans 1:13; 2 Corinthians 12:13; Galatians 2:13; Philippians 4:3; 2 Peter 3:16; Revelation 8:13; absolutely, the rest of any number or class under consideration: simply, Matthew 22:6; Matthew 27:49; Mark 16:13; Luke 24:10; Acts 17:9; Acts 27:44; with a description added: οἱ λοιποί οἱ etc., Acts 28:9; 1 Thessalonians 4:13; Revelation 2:24; οἱ λοιποί πάντες, 2 Corinthians 13:2; Philippians 1:13; πᾶσι τοῖς λόγοις Luke 24:9; with a genitive: οἱ λοιποί τῶν ἀνθρώπων, Revelation 9:20; τοῦ σπέρματος, Revelation 12:17; τῶν νεκρῶν, Revelation 20:5; with a certain distinction and contrast, the rest, who are not of the specified class or number: Luke 8:10; Luke 18:9; Acts 5:13; Romans 11:7; 1 Corinthians 7:12; 1 Thessalonians 5:6; 1 Timothy 5:20; Revelation 11:13; Revelation 19:21; τά λοιπά, the rest, the things that remain: Mark 4:19; Luke 12:26; 1 Corinthians 11:34; Revelation 3:2. Neuter singular adverbially, τό λοιπόν what remains (Latinquod supcrest ), i. e.

a. hereafter, for the future, henceforth (often so in Greek writings from Pindar down): Mark 14:41 R T WH (but τό in brackets); Matthew 26:45 (WH omits; Tr brackets τό); 1 Corinthians 7:29; Hebrews 10:13; and without the article, Mark 14:41 G L Tr (WH (but see above)); 2 Timothy 4:8; cf. Herm. ad Vig. , p. 706. τοῦ λοιποῦ, henceforth, in the future, Ephesians 6:10 L T Tr WH ; Galatians 6:17; Herodotus 2, 109; Aristophanes pax 1084; Xenophon , Cyril 4,4, 10; oec. 10, 9; al; cf. Herm. ad Vig. , p. 706; often also in full τοῦ λοιποῦ χρόνου. (Strictly, τό λοιπόν is 'for the future' τοῦ λοιποῦ, 'in (the) future'; τό λοιπόν may be used for τοῦ λοιποῦ, but not τοῦ λοιποῦ for τό λοιπόν; cf. Meyer and Ellicott on Galatians, as above; Buttmann , §§ 128, 2; 132, 26; Winer s Grammar, 463(432).)

b. at last; already: Acts 27:20 (so in later usage, see Passow or Liddell and Scott, under the word).

c. τό λοιπόν, dropping the notion of time, signifies for the rest, besides, moreover (A. V. often finally), forming a transition to other things, to which the attention of the hearer or reader is directed: Ephesians 6:10 R G ; Philippians 3:1; Philippians 4:8; 1 Thessalonians 4:1 Rec. ; 2 Thessalonians 3:1; ὁ δέ λοιπόν has the same force in 1 Corinthians 4:2 R G ; λοιπόν in 1 Corinthians 1:16; 1 Corinthians 4:2 L T Tr WH ; 1 Thessalonians 4:1 G L T Tr WH .

λοιποῦ

(3064) λοιπός, λοιπή, λοιπόν (λείπω, λέλοιπα) (from Pindar and Herodotus down), the Sept. for יֶתֶר, נותָר, שְׁאָר, left; plural the remaining, the rest: with substantives, as οἱ λοιποί ἀπόστολοι, Acts 2:37; 1 Corinthians 9:5; add, Matthew 25:11; Romans 1:13; 2 Corinthians 12:13; Galatians 2:13; Philippians 4:3; 2 Peter 3:16; Revelation 8:13; absolutely, the rest of any number or class under consideration: simply, Matthew 22:6; Matthew 27:49; Mark 16:13; Luke 24:10; Acts 17:9; Acts 27:44; with a description added: οἱ λοιποί οἱ etc., Acts 28:9; 1 Thessalonians 4:13; Revelation 2:24; οἱ λοιποί πάντες, 2 Corinthians 13:2; Philippians 1:13; πᾶσι τοῖς λόγοις Luke 24:9; with a genitive: οἱ λοιποί τῶν ἀνθρώπων, Revelation 9:20; τοῦ σπέρματος, Revelation 12:17; τῶν νεκρῶν, Revelation 20:5; with a certain distinction and contrast, the rest, who are not of the specified class or number: Luke 8:10; Luke 18:9; Acts 5:13; Romans 11:7; 1 Corinthians 7:12; 1 Thessalonians 5:6; 1 Timothy 5:20; Revelation 11:13; Revelation 19:21; τά λοιπά, the rest, the things that remain: Mark 4:19; Luke 12:26; 1 Corinthians 11:34; Revelation 3:2. Neuter singular adverbially, τό λοιπόν what remains (Latinquod supcrest ), i. e. a. hereafter, for the future, henceforth (often so in Greek writings from Pindar down): Mark 14:41 R T WH (but τό in brackets); Matthew 26:45 (WH omits; Tr brackets τό); 1 Corinthians 7:29; Hebrews 10:13; and without the article, Mark 14:41 G L Tr (WH (but see above)); 2 Timothy 4:8; cf. Herm. ad Vig. , p. 706. τοῦ λοιποῦ, henceforth, in the future, Ephesians 6:10 L T Tr WH ; Galatians 6:17; Herodotus 2, 109; Aristophanes pax 1084; Xenophon , Cyril 4,4, 10; oec. 10, 9; al; cf. Herm. ad Vig. , p. 706; often also in full τοῦ λοιποῦ χρόνου. (Strictly, τό λοιπόν is 'for the future' τοῦ λοιποῦ, 'in (the) future'; τό λοιπόν may be used for τοῦ λοιποῦ, but not τοῦ λοιποῦ for τό λοιπόν; cf. Meyer and Ellicott on Galatians, as above; Buttmann , §§ 128, 2; 132, 26; Winer s Grammar, 463(432).) b. at last; already: Acts 27:20 (so in later usage, see Passow or Liddell and Scott, under the word). c. τό λοιπόν, dropping the notion of time, signifies for the rest, besides, moreover (A. V. often finally), forming a transition to other things, to which the attention of the hearer or reader is directed: Ephesians 6:10 R G ; Philippians 3:1; Philippians 4:8; 1 Thessalonians 4:1 Rec. ; 2 Thessalonians 3:1; ὁ δέ λοιπόν has the same force in 1 Corinthians 4:2 R G ; λοιπόν in 1 Corinthians 1:16; 1 Corinthians 4:2 L T Tr WH ; 1 Thessalonians 4:1 G L T Tr WH .

Λουκᾶς

(3065) Λουκᾶς, Λουκᾶ, ὁ (contracted from Λουκανος; (cf. Lightfoot on Colossians 4:14), Winer s Grammar, 103 (97) (cf. Buttmann , 20 (18); on the diverse origin of contracted or abbrev. proper names in ἅς cf. Lobeck, Patholog. Proleg., p. 506; Lightfoot on Colossians 4:15)), Luke, a Christian of Gentile origin, the companion of the apostle Paul in preaching the gospel and on many of his journeys (Acts 16:10-17; Acts 20:5-15; Acts 21:1-18; Acts 28:10-16); he was a physician, and according to the tradition of the church from Irenaeus (3, 14, 1f) down, which has been recently assailed with little success, the author of the third canonical Gospel and of the Acts of the Apostles: Colossians 4:14; 2 Timothy 4:11; Philemon 1:24.

Λούκιος

(3066) Λούκιος, Λουκιου, ὁ (a Latin name), Lucius, of Cyrene, a prophet mad teacher of the church at Antioch: Acts 13:1; perhaps the same Lucius that is mentioned in Romans 16:21.

λουτρόν

(3067) λουτρόν, λουτροῦ, τό (λούω), from Homer down (who uses λοετρόν, from the uncontracted form λοέω), a bathing, bath, i. e. as well the act of bathing (a sense disputed by some (cf. Ellicott on Ephesians 5:26)), as the place; used in the N. T. and in ecclesiastical writings of baptism (for examples see Sophocles ' Lexicon, under the word): with τοῦ ὕδατος added, Ephesians 5:26; τῆς παλιγγενεσίας, Titus 3:5.

λούω

(3068) λούω: 1 aorist ἔλουσά; perfect passive participle λελουμένος and (in Hebrews 10:23 T WH ) λελουσμενος, a later Greek form (cf. Lobeck on Sophocles Aj., p. 324; Stephanus Thesaurus 5:397 c.; cf. Kühner, § 343, under the word; (Veitch , under the word, who cites Song of Solomon 5:12, Vat. )); 1 aorist middle participle λουσαμενος; from Homer down; the Sept. for רָחַץ; to bathe, wash: properly, τινα, a dead person, Acts 9:37; τινα ἀπό τῶν πληγῶν, by washing to cleanse from the blood of the wounds, Acts 16:33 (Winer s Grammar, 372 (348), cf. § 30, 6 a.; Buttmann , 322 (277)); ὁ λελουμένος, absolutely, he that has bathed, John 13:10 (on the meaning of the passage see καθαρός , a. (and cf. Synonyms below)); λελουσμένοι τό σῶμα, with the dative of instrumentality, ὕδατι, Hebrews 10:22 (23); middle to wash oneself (cf. Winer 's Grammar, § 38, 2 a.): 2 Peter 2:22; tropically, Christ is described as ὁ λουσας ἡμᾶς ἀπό τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν ἡμῶν, i. e. who by suffering the bloody death of a vicarious sacrifice cleansed us from the guilt of our sins, Revelation 1:5 R G (others, λύσας (which see 2 at the end). Compare: ἀπολούω.)

Λύδδα

(3069) Λύδδα, Λύδδης (Acts 9:38 R G L , but Λύδδας T Tr WH ; see WH 's Appendix, p. 156), ἡ, and Λύδδα, Λυδδων, τά ((L T Tr WH in) Acts 9:32, Acts 9:35; cf. Tdf. Proleg., p. 116; Buttmann , 18f (16f) (cf. Winer 's Grammar, 61 (60))); Hebrew לֹד (1 Chronicles 8:12; Ezra 2:33; Nehemiah 11:35); Lydda, a large Benjamite (cf. 1 Chronicles, the passage cited) town (Λύδδα κώμη, πόλεως τοῦ μεγέθους οὐκ ἀποδεουσα, Josephus , Antiquities 20, 6, 2), called also Diospolis under the Roman empire, about nine (`eleven' (Ordnance Survey, p. 21)) miles distant from the Mediterranean; now Ludd: Acts 9:32, Acts 9:35, Acts 9:38. Cf. Robinson, Palestine ii., pp. 244-248; Arnold in Herzog viii., p. 627f.; (BB. DD. s, v.).

Λυδία

(3070) Λυδία, Λυδιας, ἡ, Lydia, a woman of Thyatira, a seller of purple, converted by Paul to the Christian faith: Acts 16:14, Acts 16:40. The name was borne by other women also, Horat. carm. 1, 8; 3, 9.

Λυκαονία

(3071) Λυκαονία, Λυκαονίας, ἡ, Lycaonia, a region of Asia Minor, situated between Pisidia, Cilicia, Cappadocia, Galatia and Phrygia, whose chief cities were Lystra, Derbe and Iconium (cf. references in Lightfoot on Colossians, p. 1). Its inhabitants spoke a peculiar and strange tongue the character of which cannot be determined: Acts 14:6. Cf. Winer 's RWB, under the word; Lassen, Zeitschr. d. deutsch. morgenl. Gesellsch. x. ('56), p. 378; (Wright, Hittites (1884), p. 56).

Λυκαονιστί

(3072) Λυκαονιστί (λυκαονίζω, to use the language of Lycaonia), adverb, in the speech of Lycaonia: Acts 14:11 (see Λυκαονία ).

Λυκία

(3073) Λυκία, Λυκίας, ἡ, Lycia, a mountainous region of Asia Minor, bounded by Pamphylia, Phrygia, Caria and the Mediterranean: Acts 27:5 (1 Macc. 15:23). (B. D. , under the word; Dict. of Geogr. under the word; references in Lightfoot on Colossians, p. 1.)

λύκος

(3074) λύκος, λυκου, ὁ, Hebrew זְאֵב, a wolf: Matthew 10:16; Luke 10:3; John 10:12; applied figuratively to cruel, greedy, rapacious, destructive men: Matthew 7:15; Acts 20:29; (used tropically, even in Homer , Iliad 4, 471; 16, 156; in the O. T., Ezekiel 22:27; Zephaniah 3:3; Jeremiah 5:6).

λυμαίνω

(3075) λυμαίνομαι: imperfect ἐλυμαινομην; deponent middle; (λύμη injury, ruin, contumely); from Aeschylus and Herodotus down;

1. to affix a stigma to, to dishonor, spot, defile (Ezekiel 16:25; Proverbs 23:8; Proverbs 4:1-27 Macc. 18:8).

2. to treat shamefully or with injury, to ravage, devastate, ruin: ἐλυμαίνετο τήν ἐκκλησίαν, said of Saul as the cruel and violent persecutor (A. V. made havock of), Acts 8:3.