Vine's Expository Dictionary of NT Words

Wit — Wrought

Wit

A — 1: ὡς
(Strong's #5613 — Adverb — hos — hoce )

a relative adverb signifying "as," or "how," is used in 2 Corinthians 5:19 to introduce the statement "that God was ...," and rendered "to wit," lit., "how."

B — 1: γνωρίζω
(Strong's #1107 — Verb — gnorizo — gno-rid'-zo )

"to know, to make known," is rendered "we do (you) to wit" in 2 Corinthians 8:1 , AV, RV, "we make known (to you)." See KNOW , No. 8.

Note: In Romans 8:23 the italicized words "to wit" are added to specify the particular meaning of "adoption" there mentioned.

Witchcraft

* For WITCHCRAFT see SORCERY

With

* For WITH see +, p. 9

Withal

1: ἅμα
(Strong's #260 — N/A — hama — ham'-ah )

at the same time, is rendered "withal" in Acts 24:26 , RV (AV, "also"); 1 Timothy 5:13 (with kai, "also"); Philemon 1:22 .

Notes: (1) In Ephesians 6:16 , RV, the phrase en pasin (en, "in," and the dative plural of pas, "all") is rightly rendered "withal" (AV, "above all"); the shield of faith is to accompany the use of all the other parts of the spiritual equipment. (2) In 1 Corinthians 12:7 sumphero is rendered "profit withal." See EXPEDIENT , PROFIT , B, No. 1. (3) In Acts 25:27 , kai, "also," is rendered "withal."

Withdraw

1: ὑποστέλλω
(Strong's #5288 — Verb — hupostello — hoop-os-tel'-lo )

is translated "withdraw" in Galatians 2:12 : see DRAW , B, No. 4.

2: ἀποσπάω
(Strong's #645 — Verb — apospao — ap-os-pah'-o )

in the Passive Voice, is translated "was withdrawn" in Luke 22:41 , AV: see PART (Verb), No. 3.

3: ἀναχωρέω
(Strong's #402 — Verb — anachoreo — an-akh-o-reh'-o )

is translated "to withdraw" in the RV of Matthew 2:22 ; John 6:15 ; RV and AV in Matthew 12:15 ; Mark 3:7 . See DEPART , No. 10.

4: ὑποχωρέω
(Strong's #5298 — Verb — hupochoreo — hoop-okh-o-reh'-o )

"to retire," is translated "withdrew Himself" in Luke 5:16 ; elsewhere in Luke 9:10 , RV, "withdrew apart" (AV, "went aside"). See GO , No. 16.

5: στέλλω
(Strong's #4724 — Verb — stello — stel'-lo )

"to bring together, gather up" (used of furling sails), hence, in the Middle Voice, signifies "to shrink from a person or thing," 2 Thessalonians 3:6 , "withdraw;" elsewhere, 2 Corinthians 8:20 , "avoiding." See AVOID. Cp. No. 1.

Note: In 1 Timothy 6:5 , some texts have aphistemi, rendered "withdraw thyself," AV.

Wither

1: ξηραίνω
(Strong's #3583 — Verb — xeraino — xay-rah'ee-no )

"to dry up, parch, wither," is translated "to wither," (a) of plants, Matthew 13:6 ; Matthew 21:19, 20 ; Mark 4:6 ; Mark 11:20 , RV (AV, "dried up"),21; Luke 8:6 ; John 15:6 ; James 1:11 ; 1 Peter 1:24 ; (b) of members of the body, Mark 3:1 , and, in some texts, 3. See DRY , B, OVERRIPE, PINE AWAY , RIPE.

Notes: (1) For the adjective xeros, "dry, withered," see DRY , A, No. 1. (2) For "whose fruit withereth," Jude 1:12 , AV, see AUTUMN.

Withhold

1: κωλύω
(Strong's #2967 — Verb — koluo — ko-loo'-o )

"to hinder, restrain," is translated "withhold (not)" in Luke 6:29 , RV, AV, "forbid (not) to take." See FORBID , HINDER , KEEP , Note (7), SUFFER , WITHSTAND.

Note: For "withholdeth" in 2 Thessalonians 2:6 see RESTRAIN.

Within

* Note: This is a translation of (a) entos: see INSIDE , No. 1; in Luke 17:21 the RV marg., "in the midst of," is to be preferred; the kingdom of God was not in the hearts of the Pharisees; (b) en, "of thinking or saying within oneself," e.g., Luke 7:39, 49 (marg., "among"); locally, e.g., Luke 19:44 ; (c) esothen, 2 Corinthians 7:5 ; Revelation 4:8 ; Revelation 5:1 ; "from within," Mark 7:21, 23 ; Luke 11:7 ; "within," Matthew 23:25 ; Luke 11:40 , RV, "inside;" in Matthew 23:27, 28 , RV, "inwardly;" (d) eso, John 20:26 ; Acts 5:23 ; 1 Corinthians 5:12 (i.e., "within" the church); (e) pros, to, or with, in Mark 14:4 , AV, "within" (RV, "among"); (f) dia, "through," rendered "within (three days)" in Mark 14:58 , AV (RV, "in," looking through the time to the event, and in keeping with the metaphor of building); (g) esoteros, Hebrews 6:19 , the comparative degree of eso, used with the article translated "that within," lit., "the inner (part of the veil)," i.e., "inside:" see INNER , No. 2; (h) in Luke 11:41 , RV, eneimi, "to be in," is rendered "are within" (AV, "ye have").

Without

* Notes: (1) This is a translation of (a) exo, "outside," e.g., Matthew 12:46, 47 ; "(them that are) without," 1 Corinthians 5:12, 13 ; Colossians 4:5 ; 1 Thessalonians 4:12 (the unregenerate); Hebrews 13:11-13 ; (b) exothen, "from without," or "without," e.g., Mark 7:15, 18 ; Luke 11:40 ; 2 Corinthians 7:5 ; 1 Timothy 3:7 ; as a preposition, Revelation 11:2 ; (c) choris, "apart from," frequently used as a preposition, especially in Hebrews (Hebrews 4:15 ; Hebrews 7:7, 20, 21 ; Hebrews 9:7, 18, 22, 28 ; Hebrews 11:6 ; in Hebrews 11:40 , RV, "apart from" (AV, "without"); Hebrews 12:8, 14 ); (d) aneu, like choris, but rarer, Matthew 10:29 ; Mark 13:2 ; 1 Peter 3:1 ; 1 Peter 4:9 ; (e) ater, Luke 22:6 , marg., "without (tumult);" Luke 22:35 ; (f) ektos, "out of, outside," 1 Corinthians 6:18 : see OTHER , OUT , OUTSIDE; (g) parektos, "besides, in addition," 2 Corinthians 11:28 , "(those things that are) without," RV, marg., "(the things which) I omit," or "(the things that come) out of course." (2) In Acts 5:26 , ou, "not," meta, "with," is rendered "without (violence)." (3) In Acts 25:17 , AV, "without (any delay)" represents poieo, "to make," and medemian, "no," RV, "I made no (delay)." (4) For "without ceasing, Acts 12:5 , AV, see EARNESTLY , C, No. 1. (5) In many nouns the negative prefix a forms part of the word and is translated "without."

Withstand

1: κωλύω
(Strong's #2967 — Verb — koluo — ko-loo'-o )

"to hinder," is rendered "withstand" in Acts 11:17 . See FORBID , HINDER.

2: ἀνθίστημι
(Strong's #436 — Verb — anthistemi — anth-is'-tay-mee )

"to set against," is translated "to withstand" in Acts 13:8 (Middle Voice); in the intransitive 2nd aorist, Active Voice, Ephesians 6:13 ; 2 Timothy 3:8 (1st part; Middle Voice in 2nd part); 4:15. See RESIST.

Witness

A — 1: μάρτυς
(Strong's #3144 — Noun Masculine — martus | martur — mar'-toos )

(whence Eng., "martyr," one who bears "witness" by his death) denotes "one who can or does aver what he has seen or heard or knows;" it is used (a) of God, Romans 1:9 ; 2 Corinthians 1:23 ; Philippians 1:8 ; 1 Thessalonians 2:5, 10 (2nd part); (b) of Christ, Revelation 1:5 ; Revelation 3:14 ; (c) of those who "witness" for Christ by their death, Acts 22:20 ; Revelation 2:13 ; Revelation 17:6 ; (d) of the interpreters of God's counsels, yet to "witness" in Jerusalem in the times of the Antichrist, Revelation 11:3 ; (e) in a forensic sense, Matthew 18:16 ; Matthew 26:65 ; Mark 14:63 ; Acts 6:13 ; Acts 7:58 ; 2 Corinthians 13:1 ; 1 Timothy 5:19 ; Hebrews 10:28 ; (f) in a historical sense, Luke 11:48 ; Luke 24:48 ; Acts 1:8, 22 ; Acts 2:32 ; Acts 3:15 ; Acts 5:32 ; Acts 10:39, 41 ; Acts 13:31 ; Acts 22:15 ; Acts 26:16 ; 1 Thessalonians 2:10 (1st part); 1 Timothy 6:12 ; 2 Timothy 2:2 ; Hebrews 12:1 , "(a cloud) of witnesses," here of those mentioned in ch. 11, those whose lives and actions testified to the worth and effect of faith, and whose faith received "witness" in Scripture; 1 Peter 5:1 .

A — 2: μαρτυρία
(Strong's #3141 — Noun Feminine — marturia — mar-too-ree'-ah )

"testimony, a bearing witness," is translated "witness" in Mark 14:55, 56, 59 ; Luke 22:71 ; John 1:7, 19 (RV); 3:11,32,33 (RV); 5:31,32,34 (RV),36; RV in 8:13,14,17; 19:35; 21:24; AV in Titus 1:13 ; AV and RV in 1 John 5:9 (thrice), 10 (1st part); RV in 1 John 5:10 (2nd part),11; 3 John 12 : see TESTIMONY , No. 2.

A — 3: μαρτύριον
(Strong's #3142 — Noun Neuter — marturion — mar-too'-ree-on )

"testimony or witness as borne, a declaration of facts," is translated "witness" in Matthew 24:14 , AV; Acts 4:33 ; Acts 7:44 (AV); James 5:3 (AV): see TESTIMONY , No. 1.

A — 4: ψευδόμαρτυς
(Strong's #5575 — Noun Masculine — pseudomartus[-tur] — psyoo-dom-ar'-toor )

denotes "a false witness," Matthew 26:60 ; 1 Corinthians 15:15 .

A — 5: ψευδομαρτυρία
(Strong's #5577 — Noun Feminine — pseudomarturia — psyoo-dom-ar-too-ree'-ah )

"false witness," occurs in Matthew 15:19 ; Matthew 26:59 .

B — 1: μαρτυρέω
(Strong's #3140 — Verb — martureo — mar-too-reh'-o )

denotes (I) "to be a martus" (see A, No. 1), or "to bear witness to," sometimes rendered "to testify" (see TESTIFY , No. 1); it is used of the "witness" (a) of God the Father to Christ, John 5:32, 37 ; John 8:18 (2nd part); 1 John 5:9, 10 ; to others, Acts 13:22 ; Acts 15:8 ; Hebrews 11:2, 4 (twice),5,39; (b) of Christ, John 3:11, 32 ; John 4:44 ; John 5:31 ; John 7:7 ; John 8:13, 14, 18 (1st part); 13:21; 18:37; Acts 14:3 ; 1 Timothy 6:13 ; Revelation 22:18, 20 ; of the Holy Spirit, to Christ, John 15:26 ; Hebrews 10:15 ; 1 John 5:7, 8 , RV, which rightly omits the latter part of ver. 7 (it was a marginal gloss which crept into the original text: see THREE); it finds no support in Scripture; (c) of the Scriptures, to Christ, John 5:39 ; Hebrews 7:8, 17 ; (d) of the works of Christ, to Himself, and of the circumstances connected with His Death, John 5:36 ; John 10:25 ; 1 John 5:8 ; (e) of prophets and apostles, to the righteousness of God, Romans 3:21 ; to Christ, John 1:7, 8, 15, 32, 34 ; John 3:26 ; John 5:33 , RV; 15:27; 19:35; 21:24; Acts 10:43 ; Acts 23:11 ; 1 Corinthians 15:15 ; 1 John 1:2 ; 1 John 4:14 ; Revelation 1:2 ; to doctrine, Acts 26:22 (in some texts, so AV; see No. 2); to the Word of God, Revelation 1:2 ; (f) of others, concerning Christ, Luke 4:22 ; John 4:39 ; John 12:17 ; (g) of believers to one another, John 3:28 ; 2 Corinthians 8:3 ; Galatians 4:15 ; Colossians 4:13 ; 1 Thessalonians 2:11 (in some texts: see No. 2); 3 John 1:3, 6, 12 (2nd part); (h) of the Apostle Paul concerning Israel, Romans 10:2 ; (i) of an angel, to the churches, Revelation 22:16 ; (j) of unbelievers concerning themselves, Matthew 23:31 ; concerning Christ, John 18:23 ; concerning others, John 2:25 ; Acts 22:5 ; Acts 26:5 ; (II) "to give a good report, to approve of," Acts 6:3 ; Acts 10:22 ; Acts 16:2 ; Acts 22:12 ; 1 Timothy 5:10 ; 3 John 1:12 (1st part); some would put Luke 4:22 here.

B — 2: μαρτύρομαι
(Strong's #3143 — Verb — marturomai — mar-too'-rom-ahee )

strictly meaning "to summon as a witness," signifies "to affirm solemnly, adjure," and is used in the Middle Voice only, rendered "to testify" in Acts 20:26 , RV (AV, "I take ... to record"); 26:22, RV, in the best texts [see No. 1 (e)]; Galatians 5:3 ; Ephesians 4:17 ; 1 Thessalonians 2:11 , in the best texts [see No. 1 (g)].

B — 3: συμμαρτυρέω
(Strong's #4828 — Verb — summartureo — soom-mar-too-reh'-o )

denotes "to bear witness with" (sun), Romans 2:15 ; Romans 8:16 ; Romans 9:1 .

B — 4: συνεπιμαρτυρέω
(Strong's #4901 — Verb — sunepimartureo — soon-ep-ee-mar-too-reh'-o )

denotes "to join in bearing witness with others," Hebrews 2:4 .

B — 5: καταμαρτυρέω
(Strong's #2649 — Verb — katamartureo — kat-am-ar-too-reh'-o )

denotes "to witness against" (kata), Matthew 26:62 ; Matthew 27:13 ; Mark 14:60 (in some mss., Mark 15:4 , for kategoreo, "to accuse," RV).

B — 6: ψευδομαρτυρέω
(Strong's #5576 — Verb — pseudomartureo — psyoo-dom-ar-too-reh'-o )

"to bear false witness" (pseudes, "false"), occurs in Matthew 19:18 ; Mark 10:19 ; Mark 14:56, 57 ; Luke 18:20 ; in some texts, Romans 13:9 .

C — 1: ἀμάρτυρος
(Strong's #267 — Adjective — amarturos — am-ar'-too-ros )

denotes "without witness" (a, negative, and martus), Acts 14:17 .

Woe

1: οὐαί
(Strong's #3759 — interjective — ouai — oo-ah'ee )

an interjection, is used (a) in denunciation, Matthew 11:21 ; Matthew 18:7 (twice); eight times in ch. 23; 24:19; 26:24; Mark 13:17 ; Mark 14:21 ; Luke 6:24, 25 (twice),26; 10:13; six times in ch. 11; Luke 17:1 ; Luke 21:23 ; Luke 22:22 ; 1 Corinthians 9:16 ; Jude 1:11 ; Revelation 8:13 (thrice); 12:12; as a noun, Revelation 9:12 (twice); 11:14 (twice); (b) in grief, "alas," Revelation 18:10, 16, 19 (twice in each).

Wolf

1: λύκος
(Strong's #3074 — Noun Masculine — lukos — loo'-kos )

occurs in Matthew 10:16 ; Luke 10:3 ; John 10:12 (twice); metaphorically, Matthew 7:15 ; Acts 20:29 .

Woman

1: γυνή
(Strong's #1135 — Noun Feminine — gune — goo-nay' )

for which see also WIFE , is used of a "woman" unmarried or married, e.g., Matthew 11:11 ; Matthew 14:21 ; Luke 4:26 , of a "widow;" Romans 7:2 ; in the vocative case, used in addressing a "woman," it is a term not of reproof or severity, but of endearment or respect, Matthew 15:28 ; John 2:4 , where the Lord's words to His mother at the wedding in Cana, are neither rebuff nor rebuke. The question is, lit., "What to Me and to thee?" and the word "woman," the term of endearment, follows this. The meaning is "There is no obligation on Me or you, but love will supply the need." She confides in Him, He responds to her faith. There was lovingkindness in both hearts. His next words about "His hour" suit this; they were not unfamiliar to her. Cana is in the path to Calvary; Calvary was not yet, but it made the beginning of signs possible. See also John 4:21 ; John 19:26 .

In Galatians 4:4 the phrase "born of a woman" is in accordance with the subject there, viz., the real humanity of the Lord Jesus; this the words attest. They declare the method of His Incarnation and "suggest the means whereby that humanity was made free from the taint of sin consequent upon the Fall, viz., that He was not born through the natural process of ordinary generation, but was conceived by the power of the Holy Spirit ... To have written 'born of a virgin' would have carried the argument in a wrong direction ... Since that man is born of woman is a universal fact, the statement would be superfluous if the Lord Jesus were no more than man" (Notes on Galatians, by Hogg and Vine, pp. 184f.).

2: γυναικάριον
(Strong's #1133 — Noun Neuter — gunaikarion — goo-nahee-kar'-ee-on )

a diminutive of No. 1, a "little woman," is used contemptuously in 2 Timothy 3:6 , "a silly woman."

3: πρεσβύτερος
(Strong's #4245 — Adjective — presbuteros — pres-boo'-ter-os )

"elder, older," in the feminine plural, denotes "elder women" in 1 Timothy 5:2 . See ELDER , A, No. 1

4: πρεσβῦτις
(Strong's #4247 — Noun Feminine — presbutis — pres-boo'-tis )

the feminine of presbutes, "aged," is used in the plural and translated "aged women" in Titus 2:3 .

5: θῆλυς
(Strong's #2338 — Adjective — theleia — thay'-loos )

the feminine of the adjective thelus, denotes "female," and is used as a noun, Romans 1:26, 27 . See FEMALE.

Womb

1: κοιλία
(Strong's #2836 — Noun Feminine — koilia — koy-lee'-ah )

denotes "the womb," Matthew 19:12 ; Luke 1:15, 41, 42, 44 ; Luke 2:21 ; Luke 11:27 ; Luke 23:29 ; John 3:4 ; Acts 3:2 ; Acts 14:8 ; Galatians 1:15 . See BELLY , No. 1.

2: γαστήρ
(Strong's #1064 — Noun Feminine — gaster — gas-tare' )

is rendered "womb" in Luke 1:31 . See BELLY , No. 2.

3: μήτρα
(Strong's #3388 — Noun Feminine — metra — may'-trah )

the matrix (akin to meter, "a mother"), occurs in Luke 2:23 ; Romans 4:19 .

Wonder

1: τέρας
(Strong's #5059 — Noun Neuter — teras — ter'-as )

"something strange," causing the beholder to marvel, is always used in the plural, always rendered "wonders," and generally follows semeia, "signs;" the opposite order occurs in Acts 2:22, 43 ; Acts 6:8 , RV; 7:36; in Acts 2:19 "wonders" occurs alone. A sign is intended to appeal to the understanding, a "wonder" appeals to the imagination, a power (dunamis) indicates its source as supernatural. "Wonders" are manifested as Divine operations in thirteen occurrences (9 times in Acts); three times they are ascribed to the work of Satan through human agents, Matthew 24:24 ; Mark 13:22 ; 2 Thessalonians 2:9 .

2: θάμβος
(Strong's #2285 — Noun — thambos — tham'-bos )

"amazement," is rendered "wonder" in Acts 3:10 . See AMAZE , A, No. 2.

Notes: (1) For thauma, "a wonder" (rendered "admiration" in Revelation 17:6 , AV), see MARVEL. (2) In Revelation 12:1, 3 ; Revelation 13:13 semeion, "a sign," is translated in the AV, "wonder(s)," RV, "sign(s)." (3) In Acts 3:11 ekthambos (ek, intensive, and No. 2) is translated "greatly wondering." (4) For pseudos, 2 Thessalonians 2:9 , "lying wonders," see FALSE , B. Cp. AMAZE, B, Nos. 3 and 4.

* Note: (Verbs). For thaumazo, see MARVEL; for existemi, Acts 8:13 , AV, see AMAZE , B, No. 1.

Wonderful

* Notes: (1) In Matthew 7:22 , AV, dunamis (in the plural) is rendered "wonderful works" (RV, is rendered "wonderful works" (RV, "mighty works," marg., "powers"). See POWER. (2) In Acts 2:11 , AV, the adjective megaleios, "magnificent," in the neuter plural with the article, is rendered "the wonderful works" (RV, "the mighty works"). (3) In Matthew 21:15 , the neuter plural of the adjective thaumasios, "wonderful," is used as a noun, "wonderful things," lit., "wonders."

Wont

1: ἔθω
(Strong's #1486 — Verb — etho — eth'-o )

"to be accustomed," is used in the pluperfect tense (with imperfect meaning), eiotha, rendered "was wont" in Matthew 27:15 ; Mark 10:1 . See CUSTOM , B, No. 2, MANNER, A, Note (1).

Notes: (1) In Mark 15:8 , "he was wont to do," RV, represents the imperfect tense of poieo, "to do" (AV, "he had ever done"). (2) In Luke 22:39 , AV, ethos, "a custom," preceded by kata and the article, lit., "according to the (i.e., His) custom," is translated "as He was wont" (RV, "as His custom was"): see CUSTOM , A, No. 1. (3) In Acts 16:13 the AV, "was wont," translates the texts which have the Passive Voice of nomizo with its meaning "to hold by custom;" the RV, "we supposed," translates the texts which have the imperfect tense, Active, with the meaning "to consider, suppose."

Wood

1: ξύλον
(Strong's #3586 — Noun Neuter — xulon — xoo'-lon )

denotes "timber, wood for any use" 1 Corinthians 3:12 ; Revelation 18:12 (twice). See STAFF , STOCKS , TREE.

2: ὕλη
(Strong's #5208 — Noun Feminine — hule — hoo'-lay )

denotes "a wood, a forest," James 3:5 (AV, "matter," marg., "wood"). See MATTER , Note (3).

Wool

1: ἔριον
(Strong's #2053 — Noun Neuter — erion — er'-ee-on )

occurs in Hebrews 9:19 ; Revelation 1:14 .

Word

1: λόγος
(Strong's #3056 — Noun Masculine — logos — log'-os )

denotes (I) "the expression of thought," not the mere name of an object, (a) as embodying a conception or idea, e.g., Luke 7:7 ; 1 Corinthians 14:9, 19 ; (b) a saying or statement, (1) by God, e.g., John 15:25 ; Romans 9:9 ; Romans 9:28 , RV, "word" (AV, "work"); Galatians 5:14 ; Hebrews 4:12 ; (2) by Christ, e.g., Matthew 24:35 (plur.); John 2:22 ; John 4:41 ; John 14:23 (plur.); 15:20. In connection with (1) and (2) the phrase "the word of the Lord," i.e., the revealed will of God (very frequent in the OT), is used of a direct revelation given by Christ, 1 Thessalonians 4:15 ; of the gospel, Acts 8:25 ; Acts 13:49 ; Acts 15:35, 36 ; Acts 16:32 ; Acts 19:10 ; 1 Thessalonians 1:8 ; 2 Thessalonians 3:1 ; in this respect it is the message from the Lord, delivered with His authority and made effective by His power (cp. Acts 10:36 ); for other instances relating to the gospel see Acts 13:26 ; Acts 14:3 ; Acts 15:7 ; 1 Corinthians 1:18 , RV; 2 Corinthians 2:17 ; 2 Corinthians 4:2 ; 2 Corinthians 5:19 ; 2 Corinthians 6:7 ; Galatians 6:6 ; Ephesians 1:13 ; Philippians 2:16 ; Colossians 1:5 ; Hebrews 5:13 ; sometimes it is used as the sum of God's utterances, e.g., Mark 7:13 ; John 10:35 ; Revelation 1:2, 9 ; (c) discourse, speech, of instruction, etc., e.g., Acts 2:40 ; 1 Corinthians 2:13 ; 1 Corinthians 12:8 ; 2 Corinthians 1:18 ; 1 Thessalonians 1:5 ; 2 Thessalonians 2:15 ; Hebrews 6:1 , RV, marg.; doctrine, e.g., Matthew 13:20 ; Colossians 3:16 ; 1 Timothy 4:6 ; 2 Timothy 1:13 ; Titus 1:9 ; 1 John 2:7 ;

(II) "The Personal Word," a title of the Son of God; this identification is substantiated by the statements of doctrine in John 1:1-18 , declaring in verses John 1:1, 2 (1) His distinct and superfinite Personality, (2) His relation in the Godhead (pros, "with," not mere company, but the most intimate communion), (3) His deity; in John 1:3 His creative power; in John 1:14 His incarnation ("became flesh," expressing His voluntary act; not as AV, "was made"), the reality and totality of His human nature, and His glory "as of the only begotten from the Father," RV (marg., "an only begotten from a father"), the absence of the article in each place lending stress to the nature and character of the relationship; His was the shekinah glory in open manifestation; John 1:18 consummates the identification: "the only-begotten Son (RV marg., many ancient authorities read "God only begotten,"), which is in the bosom of the Father, He hath declared Him," thus fulfilling the significance of the title "Logos," the "Word," the personal manifestation, not of a part of the Divine nature, but of the whole Deity (see IMAGE).

The title is used also in 1 John 1:1 , "the Word of life" combining the two declarations in John 1:1, 4 and Revelation 19:13 (for 1 John 5:7 see THREE).

2: ῥῆμα
(Strong's #4487 — Noun Neuter — rhema — hray'-mah )

denotes "that which is spoken, what is uttered in speech or writing;" in the singular, "a word," e.g., Matthew 12:36 ; Matthew 27:14 ; 2 Corinthians 12:4 ; 2 Corinthians 13:1 ; Hebrews 12:19 ; in the plural, speech, discourse, e.g., John 3:34 ; John 8:20 ; Acts 2:14 ; Acts 6:11, 13 ; Acts 11:14 ; Acts 13:42 ; Acts 26:25 ; Romans 10:18 ; 2 Peter 3:2 ; Jude 1:17 ; it is used of the Gospel in Romans 10:8 (twice),17, RV, "the word of Christ" (i.e., the "word" which preaches Christ); 10:18; 1 Peter 1:25 (twice); of a statement, command, instruction, e.g., Matthew 26:75 ; Luke 1:37 , RV, "(no) word (from God shall be void of power);" Luke 1:38 ; Acts 11:16 ; Hebrews 11:3 .

The significance of rhema (as distinct from logos) is exemplified in the injunction to take "the sword of the Spirit, which is the word of God," Ephesians 6:17 ; here the reference is not to the whole Bible as such, but to the individual scripture which the Spirit brings to our remembrance for use in time of need, a prerequisite being the regular storing of the mind with Scripture.

Notes: (1) Epos, "a word," is used in a phrase in Hebrews 7:9 , lit., "(as to say) a word," RV, "(so to) say," AV, "(as I may so) say;" logos is reasoned speech, rhema, an utterance, epos, "the articulated expression of a thought" (Abbott-Smith). (2) In Romans 16:18 , AV, chrestologia, "useful discourse" (chrestos, "beneficial"), is rendered "good words" [RV, "smooth ... (speech)"]. (3) For logikos, 1 Peter 2:2 (RV, "spiritual"), rendered "of the word," AV, see MILK. (4) For the verb apangello, rendered "to bring word," see BRING , No. 36. (5) In Matthew 2:13 , AV, eipon, "to tell" (RV) is rendered "bring ... word." (6) For "enticing words," Colossians 2:4 , see ENTICE and PERSUASIVENESS. (7) For "strifes of words," 1 Timothy 6:4 , AV, and "strive ... about words," 2 Timothy 2:14 , see STRIFE , STRIVE. (8) For suntomos, Acts 24:4 , "a few words," see FEW , B. For the same phrase see FEW , A, Nos. 1 and 2.

Work, Wrought

A — 1: ἔργον
(Strong's #2041 — Noun Neuter — eron — er'-gon )

denotes (I) "work, employment, task," e.g., Mark 13:34 ; John 4:34 ; John 17:4 ; Acts 13:2 ; Philippians 2:30 ; 1 Thessalonians 5:13 ; in Acts 5:38 with the idea of enterprise; (II) "a deed, act," (a) of God, e.g., John 6:28, 29 ; John 9:3 ; John 10:37 ; John 14:10 ; Acts 13:41 ; Romans 14:20 ; Hebrews 1:10 ; Hebrews 2:7 ; Hebrews 3:9 ; Hebrews 4:3, 4, 10 ; Revelation 15:3 ; (b) of Christ, e.g., Matthew 11:2 ; especially in John, 5:36; 7:3,21; 10:25,32,33,38; 14:11,12; 15:24; Revelation 2:26 ; (c) of believers, e.g., Matthew 5:16 ; Mark 14:6 ; Acts 9:36 ; Romans 13:3 ; Colossians 1:10 ; 1 Thessalonians 1:3 , "work of faith," here the initial act of faith at conversion (turning to God, 1 Thessalonians 1:9 ); in 2 Thessalonians 1:11 , "every work of faith," RV, denotes every activity undertaken for Christ's sake; 2:17; 1 Timothy 2:10 ; 1 Timothy 5:18 ; 2 Timothy 2:21 ; 2 Timothy 3:17 ; Titus 2:7, 14 ; Titus 3:1, 8, 14 ; Hebrews 10:24 ; Hebrews 13:21 ; frequent in James, as the effect of faith [in James 1:25 , AV, "(a doer) of the work," RV, "(a doer) that worketh"]; 1 Peter 2:12 ; Revelation 2:2 and in several other places in chs. 2 and 3; Revelation 14:13 ; (d) of unbelievers, e.g., Matthew 23:3, 5 ; John 7:7 ; Acts 7:41 (for idols); Romans 13:12 ; Ephesians 5:11 ; Colossians 1:21 ; Titus 1:16 (1st part); 1 John 3:12 ; Jude 1:15 , RV; Revelation 2:6 , RV; of those who seek justification by works, e.g., Romans 9:32 ; Galatians 3:10 ; Ephesians 2:9 ; described as the works of the law, e.g., Galatians 2:16 ; Galatians 3:2, 5 ; dead works, Hebrews 6:1 ; Hebrews 9:14 ; (e) of Babylon, Revelation 18:6 ; (f) of the Devil, John 8:41 ; 1 John 3:8 . See DEED.

A — 2: ἐργασία
(Strong's #2039 — Noun Feminine — ergasia — er-gas-ee'-ah )

denotes "a work" or "business," also "a working, performance," Ephesians 4:19 , where preceded by eis, "to," it is rendered "to work" (marg., "to make a trade of"). See DILIGENCE , GAIN.

Notes: (1) In Romans 9:28 , AV, logos, "a word" (RV), is rendered "work." (2) For progma, James 3:16 , rendered "work" in AV, the RV has "deed." (3) For praxis, "a doing," Matthew 16:27 , RV marg., AV, "works," see DEED. (4) For the AV, "much work," Acts 27:16 , see DIFFICULTY. (5) For "workfellow," Romans 16:21 , AV, see WORKER , No. 2. (6) In Matthew 14:2 ; Mark 6:14 , AV, dunameis, "powers," RV, is translated "mighty works;" in Acts 2:22 , RV, "mighty works," AV, "miracles." (7) For "wonderful works" see WONDERFUL , Note (2).

B — 1: ἐργάζομαι
(Strong's #2038 — Verb — ergazomai — er-gad'-zom-ahee )

is used (I) intransitively, e.g., Matthew 21:28 ; John 5:17 ; John 9:4 (2nd part); Romans 4:4, 5 ; 1 Corinthians 4:12 ; 1 Corinthians 9:6 ; 1 Thessalonians 2:9 ; 1 Thessalonians 4:11 ; 2 Thessalonians 3:8, 10-12 (for the play upon words in ver. 11 see BUSYBODY , A); (II) transitively, (a) "to work something, produce, perform," e.g., Matthew 26:10 , "she hath wrought;" John 6:28, 30 ; John 9:4 (1st part); Acts 10:35 ; Acts 13:41 ; Romans 2:10 ; Romans 13:10 ; 1 Corinthians 16:10 ; 2 Corinthians 7:10 , in the best texts, some have No. 2; Galatians 6:10 , RV, "let us work;" Ephesians 4:28 ; Hebrews 11:33 ; 2 John 1:8 ; (b) "to earn by working, work for," John 6:27 , RV, "work" (AV, "labor"). See COMMIT , DO , LABOR , MINISTER , TRADE.

B — 2: κατεργάζομαι
(Strong's #2716 — Verb — katergazomai — kat-er-gad'-zom-ahee )

an emphatic form of No. 1, signifies "to work out, achieve, effect by toil," rendered "to work" (past tense, "wrought") in Romans 1:27 ; Romans 2:9 , RV; 4:15 (the Law brings men under condemnation and so renders them subject to Divine wrath); 5:3; 7:8,13; 15:18; 2 Corinthians 4:17 ; 2 Corinthians 5:5 ; 2 Corinthians 7:10 (see No. 1),11; 12:12; Philippians 2:12 , where "your own salvation" refers especially to freedom from strife and vainglory; James 1:3, 20 ; 1 Peter 4:3 . See DO , No. 5.

B — 3: ἐνεργέω
(Strong's #1754 — Verb — energeo — en-erg-eh'-o )

lit., "to work in" (en, and A, No. 1), "to be active, operative," is used of "(a) God, 1 Corinthians 12:6 ; Galatians 2:8 ; Galatians 3:5 ; Ephesians 1:11, 20 ; Ephesians 3:20 ; Philippians 2:13 ; Colossians 1:29 ; (b) the Holy Spirit, 1Cor, 12:11; (c) the Word of God. 1 Thessalonians 2:13 (Middle Voice; AV, 'effectually worketh'); (d) supernatural power, undefined, Matthew 14:2 ; Mark 6:14 ; (e) faith, as the energizer of love, Galatians 5:6 ; (f) the example of patience in suffering, 2 Corinthians 1:6 ; (g) death (physical) and life (spiritual), 2 Corinthians 4:12 ; (h) sinful passions, Romans 7:5 ; (i) the spirit of the Evil One, Ephesians 2:2 ; (j) the mystery of iniquity, 2 Thessalonians 2:7 ." * [* From Notes on Galatians, by Hogg and Vine, pp. 114,115.]

To these may be added (k) the active response of believers to the inworking of God, Philippians 2:13 (2nd part), RV, "to work (for)," AV, "to do (of);" (l) the supplication of the righteous, James 5:16 , RV, "in its working" (AV, "effectual fervent").

B — 4: ποιέω
(Strong's #4160 — Verb — poieo — poy-eh'-o )

"to do," is rendered "to work" in Matthew 20:12 , AV (RV, "spent"); Acts 15:12 , "had wrought;" Acts 19:11 ; Acts 21:19 ; Hebrews 13:21 ; Revelation 16:14 ; Revelation 19:20 ; Revelation 21:27 , AV (RV, "maketh;" marg., "doeth"). See DO.

B — 5: συνεργέω
(Strong's #4903 — Verb — sunergeo — soon-erg-eh'-o )

"to work with or together" (sun), occurs in Mark 16:20 ; Romans 8:28 , "work together;" 1 Corinthians 16:16 , "helpeth with;" 2 Corinthians 6:1 , "workers together," present participle, "working together;" the "with Him" represents nothing in the Greek; James 2:22 , "wrought with." See HELP.

B — 6: γίνομαι
(Strong's #1096 — Verb — ginomai — ghin'-om-ahee )

"to become, take place," is rendered "wrought" in Mark 6:2 ; Acts 5:12 , "were ... wrought."

Worker, Workfellow, Fellow Workers, Workman

1: ἐργάτης
(Strong's #2040 — Noun Masculine — ergates — er-gat'-ace )

is translated "workers" in Luke 13:27 ("of iniquity"); 2 Corinthians 11:13 ("deceitful"); Philippians 3:2 ("evil"); "work man," Matthew 10:10 , AV (RV, "laborer"); "workman," 2 Timothy 2:15 ; "workmen," Acts 19:25 . See LABORER.

2: συνεργός
(Strong's #4904 — Adjective — sunergos — soon-er-gos' )

denotes "a worker with," and is rendered "workfellow" in Romans 16:21 , AV, RV, "fellow worker;" in Colossians 4:11 , "fellow workers" (see RV). See the RV , "God's fellow workers," in 1 Corinthians 3:9 . See COMPANION , HELPER , LABORER , Note.

Note: For "workers at home," Titus 2:5 , see HOME , B.

Working

1: ἐνέργεια
(Strong's #1753 — Noun Feminine — energeia — en-erg'-i-ah )

(Eng., "energy") is used (1) of the "power" of God, (a) in the resurrection of Christ, Ephesians 1:19 ; Colossians 2:12 , RV, "working" (AV, "operation"); (b) in the call and enduement of Paul, Ephesians 3:7 ; Colossians 1:29 ; (c) in His retributive dealings in sending "a working of error" (AV, "strong delusion") upon those under the rule of the Man of Sin who receive not the love of the truth, but have pleasure in unrighteousness, 2 Thessalonians 2:11 ; (2) of the "power" of Christ (a) generally, Philippians 3:21 ; (b) in the church, individually, Ephesians 4:16 ; (3) of the power of Satan in energizing the Man of Sin in his "parousia," 2 Thessalonians 2:9 , "coming."

2: ἐνέργημα
(Strong's #1755 — Noun Neuter — energema — en-erg'-ay-mah )

"what is wrought," the effect produced by No. 1, occurs in 1 Corinthians 12:6 , RV, "working" (AV, "operations"); 1 Corinthians 12:10 .

Workmanship

* For WORKMANSHIP see MADE, B

World

1: κόσμος
(Strong's #2889 — Noun Masculine — kosmos — kos'-mos )

primarily "order, arrangement, ornament, adornment" (1 Peter 3:3 , see ADORN , B), is used to denote (a) the "earth," e.g., Matthew 13:35 ; John 21:25 ; Acts 17:24 ; Romans 1:20 (probably here the universe: it had this meaning among the Greeks, owing to the order observable in it); 1 Timothy 6:7 ; Hebrews 4:3 ; Hebrews 9:26 ; (b) the "earth" in contrast with Heaven, 1 John 3:17 (perhaps also Romans 4:13 ); (c) by metonymy, the "human race, mankind," e.g., Matthew 5:14 ; John 1:9 [here "that cometh (RV, 'coming') into the world" is said of Christ, not of "every man;" by His coming into the world He was the light for all men]; 1 John 3:10 ; 1 John 3:16, 17 (thrice),19; 4:42, and frequently in Rom. 1Cor. and 1John; (d) "Gentiles" as distinguished from Jews, e.g., Romans 11:12, 15 , where the meaning is that all who will may be reconciled (cp. 2 Corinthians 5:19 ); (e) the "present condition of human affairs," in alienation from and opposition to God, e.g., John 7:7 ; John 8:23 ; John 14:30 ; 1 Corinthians 2:12 ; Galatians 4:3 ; Galatians 6:14 ; Colossians 2:8 ; James 1:27 ; 1 John 4:5 (thrice); 5:19; (f) the "sum of temporal possessions," Matthew 16:26 ; 1 Corinthians 7:31 (1st part); (g) metaphorically, of the "tongue" as "a world (of iniquity)," James 3:6 ; expressive of magnitude and variety.

2: αἰών
(Strong's #165 — Noun Masculine — aion — ahee-ohn' )

"an age, a period of time," marked in the NT usage by spiritual or moral characteristics, is sometimes translated "world;" the RV marg. always has "age." The following are details concerning the world in this respect; its cares, Matthew 13:22 ; its sons, Luke 16:8 ; Luke 20:34 ; its rulers, 1 Corinthians 2:6, 8 ; its wisdom, 1 Corinthians 1:20 ; 1 Corinthians 2:6 ; 1 Corinthians 3:18 , its fashion, Romans 12:2 ; its character, Galatians 1:4 ; its god, 2 Corinthians 4:4 . The phrase "the end of the world" should be rendered "the end of the age," in most places (see END , A, No. 2); in 1 Corinthians 10:11 , AV, "the ends (tele) of the world," RV, "the ends of the ages," probably signifies the fulfillment of the Divine purposes concerning the ages in regard to the church [this would come under END, A, No. 1, (c)]. In Hebrews 11:3 [lit., "the ages (have been prepared)"] the word indicates all that the successive periods contain; cp. Hebrews 1:2 . Aion is always to be distinguished from kosmos, even where the two seem to express the same idea, e.g., 1 Corinthians 3:18 , aion, 1 Corinthians 3:19 , kosmos; the two are used together in Ephesians 2:2 , lit., "the age of this world." For a list of phrases containing aion, with their respective meanings, see EVER , B.

3: οἰκουμένη
(Strong's #3625 — Noun Feminine — oikoumene — oy-kou-men'-ay )

"the inhabited earth" (see EARTH , No. 2), is used (a) of the whole inhabited world, Matthew 24:14 ; Luke 4:5 ; Luke 21:26 ; Romans 10:18 ; Hebrews 1:6 ; Revelation 3:10 ; Revelation 16:14 ; by metonymy, of its inhabitants, Acts 17:31 ; Revelation 12:9 ; (b) of the Roman Empire, the world as viewed by the writer or speaker, Luke 2:1 ; Acts 11:28 ; Acts 24:5 ; by metonymy, of its inhabitants, Acts 17:6 ; Acts 19:27 ; (c) the inhabited world in a coming age, Hebrews 2:5 .

Notes: (1) In Revelation 13:3 , AV, ge, "the earth" (RV), is translated "world." (2) For phrases containing aionios, e.g., Romans 16:25 ; 2 Timothy 1:9 ; Titus 1:2 , see ETERNAL , No. 2.

World Rulers

* For WORLD RULERS, Ephesians 6:12 , RV, see RULER , No. 3

Worldly

1: κοσμικός
(Strong's #2886 — Adjective — kosmikos — kos-mee-kos' )

"pertaining to this world," is used (a) in Hebrews 9:1 , of the tabernacle, AV, "wordly," RV, "of this world" (i.e., made of mundane materials, adapted to this visible world, local and transitory); (b) in Titus 2:12 , ethically, of "worldly lusts," or desires.

Worm

1: σκώληξ
(Strong's #4663 — Noun Masculine — skolex — sko'-lakes )

"a worm which preys upon dead bodies," is used metaphorically by the Lord in Mark 9:48 ; in some mss. vv. 44,46, cp. Isaiah 66:24 . The statement signifies the exclusion of the hope of restoration, the punishment being eternal.

2: σκωληκόβρωτος
(Strong's #4662 — Adjective — skolekobrotos — sko-lay-kob'-ro-tos )

denotes "devored by worms" (skolex, and bibrosko, "to eat"), Acts 12:23 .

Wormwood

1: ἄψινθος
(Strong's #894 — Noun Feminine — apsinthos — ap'-sin-thos )

(Eng., "absinthe"), a plant both bitter and deleterious, and growing in desolate places, figuratively suggestive of "calamity" (Lamentations 3:15 ) and injustice (Amos 5:7 ), is used in Revelation 8:11 (twice; in the 1st part as a proper name).

Worse

A — 1: χείρων
(Strong's #5501 — Adjective — cheiron — khi'-rone )

used as the comparative degree of kakos, "evil," describes (a) the condition of certain men, Matthew 12:45 ; Luke 11:26 ; 2 Peter 2:20 ; (b) evil men themselves and seducers, 2 Timothy 3:13 ; (c) indolent men who refuse to provide for their own households, and are worse than unbelievers, 1 Timothy 5:8 , RV; (d) a rent in a garment, Matthew 9:16 ; Mark 2:21 ; (e) an error, Matthew 27:64 ; (f) a person suffering from a malady, Mark 5:26 ; (g) a possible physical affiction, John 5:14 ; (h) a punishment, Hebrews 10:29 , "sorer." See SORE.

A — 2: ἐλάσσων
(Strong's #1640 — Verb — elasson | elatton — el-as'-sone, el-at'-tone )

is said of wine in John 2:10 . See LESS.

A — 3: ἥττων
(Strong's #2276 — Adjective — hesson | hetton — hate'-ton )

"less, inferior," is used in the neuter, after epi, "for," is translated "worse" in 1 Corinthians 11:17 ; in 2 Corinthians 12:15 the neuter, used adverbially, is translated "the less."

B — 1: ὑστερέω
(Strong's #5302 — Verb — hustereo — hoos-ter-eh'-o )

is rendered "are we the worse" in 1 Corinthians 8:8 . See BEHIND , B, No. 1, COME, No. 39, DESTITUTE, FAIL, Note (2), LACK, WANT.

B — 2: προέρχομαι
(Strong's #4281 — Verb — proecho — pro-er'-khom-ahee )

"to hold before, promote," is rendered "are we better" in Romans 3:9 , AV (Passive Voice); RV, "are we in worse case." See BETTER (be), Note (1).

Worship, Worshiping

A — 1: προσκυνέω
(Strong's #4352 — Verb — proskuneo — pros-koo-neh'-o )

"to make obeisance, do reverence to" (from pros, "towards," and kuneo, "to kiss"), is the most frequent word rendered "to worship." It is used of an act of homage or reverence (a) to God, e.g., Matthew 4:10 ; John 4:21-24 ; 1 Corinthians 14:25 ; Revelation 4:10 ; Revelation 5:14 ; Revelation 7:11 ; Revelation 11:16 ; Revelation 19:10 (2nd part); 22:9; (b) to Christ, e.g., Matthew 2:2, 8, 11 ; Matthew 8:2 ; Matthew 9:18 ; Matthew 14:33 ; Matthew 15:25 ; Matthew 20:20 ; Matthew 28:9, 17 ; John 9:38 ; Hebrews 1:6 , in a quotation from the Sept. of Deuteronomy 32:43 , referring to Christ's Second Advent; (c) to a man, Matthew 18:26 ; (d) to the Dragon, by men, Revelation 13:4 ; (e) to the Beast, his human instrument, Revelation 13:4, 8, 12 ; Revelation 14:9, 11 ; (f) the image of the Beast, Revelation 13:15 ; Revelation 14:11 ; Revelation 16:2 ; (g) to demons, Revelation 9:20 ; (h) to idols, Acts 7:43 .

Note: As to Matthew 18:26 , this is mentioned as follows, in the "List of readings and renderings preferred by the American Committee" (see RV Classes of Passages, IV): "At the word 'worship' in Matthew 2:2 , etc., add the marginal note 'The Greek word denotes an act of reverence, whether paid to man (see chap. Matthew 18:26 ) or to God (see chap. Matthew 4:10 )'." The Note to John 9:38 in the American Standard Version in this connection is most unsound; it implies that Christ was a creature. J. N. Darby renders the verb "do homage" [see the Revised Preface to the Second Edition (1871) of his New Translation].

A — 2: σέβω
(Strong's #4576 — Verb — sebomai — seb'-om-ahee )

"to revere," stressing the feeling of awe or devotion, is used of "worship" (a) to God, Matthew 15:9 ; Mark 7:7 ; Acts 16:14 ; Acts 18:7, 13 ; (b) to a goddess, Acts 19:27 . See DEVOUT , No. 3.

A — 3: σεβάζομαι
(Strong's #4573 — Verb — sebazomai — seb-ad'-zom-ahee )

akin to No. 2, "to honor religiously," is used in Romans 1:25 .

A — 4: λατρεύω
(Strong's #3000 — Verb — latreuo — lat-ryoo'-o )

"to serve, to render religious service or homage," is translated "to worship" in Philippians 3:3 , "(who) worship (by the Spirit of God)," RV, AV, "(which) worship (God in the spirit);" the RV renders it "to serve" (for AV, "to worship") in Acts 7:42 ; Acts 24:14 ; AV and RV, "(the) worshipers" in Hebrews 10:2 , present participle, lit., "(the ones) worshiping." See SERVE.

A — 5: εὐσεβέω
(Strong's #2151 — Verb — eusebeo — yoo-seb-eh'-o )

"to act piously towards," is translated "ye worship" in Acts 17:23 . See PIETY (to show).

Notes: (1) The worship of God is nowhere defined in Scripture. A consideration of the above verbs shows that it is not confined to praise; broadly it may be regarded as the direct acknowledgement to God, of His nature, attributes, ways and claims, whether by the outgoing of the heart in praise and thanksgiving or by deed done in such acknowledgment. (2) In Acts 17:25 therapeuo, "to serve, do service to" (so RV), is rendered "is worshiped." See CURE , HEAL.

B — 1: σέβασμα
(Strong's #4574 — Noun Neuter — sebasma — seb'-as-mah )

denotes "an object of worship" (akin to A, No. 3); Acts 17:23 (see DEVOTION); in 2 Thessalonians 2:4 , "that is worshiped;" every object of "worship," whether the true God or pagan idols, will come under the ban of the Man of Sin.

B — 2: ἐθελοθρησκία
(Strong's #1479 — Noun Feminine — ethelothreskeia[-ia] — eth-el-oth-race-ki'-ah )

"will-worship" (ethelo, "to will," threskeia, "worship"), occurs in Colossians 2:23 , voluntarily adopted "worship," whether unbidden or forbidden, not that which is imposed by others, but which one affects.

B — 3: θρησκεία
(Strong's #2356 — Noun Feminine — threskeia — thrace-ki'-ah )

for which see RELIGION , is translated "worshiping" in Colossians 2:18 .

Note: In Luke 14:10 , AV, doxa, "glory" (RV), is translated "worship."

Worshiper

1: προσκυνητής
(Strong's #4353 — Noun Masculine — proskunetes — pros-koo-nay-tace' )

akin to proskuneo (see WORSHIP , A, No. 1), occurs in John 4:23 .

2: νεωκόρος
(Strong's #3511 — Noun Masculine — neokoros — neh-o-kor'-os )

is translated "worshiper" in Acts 19:35 AV: see TEMPLE KEEPER.

3: θεοσεβής
(Strong's #2318 — Adjective — theosebes — theh-os-eb-ace' )

denotes "reverencing God" (theos, "God," sebomai, see WORSHIP , A, No. 2), and is rendered "a worshiper of God" in John 9:31 . Cp. theosebeia, "godliness," 1 Timothy 2:10 .

Note: For Hebrews 10:2 , see WORSHIP , A, No. 4.

Worthy Deeds

* For WORTHY DEEDS, Acts 24:2 , AV, see CORRECTION

Worthy, Worthily

A — 1: ἄξιος
(Strong's #514 — Adjective — axios — ax'-ee-os )

"of weight, worth, worthy," is said of persons and their deeds: (a) in a good sense, e.g., Matthew 10:10, 11, 13 (twice),37 (twice),38; 22:8; Luke 7:4 ; Luke 10:7 ; Luke 15:19, 21 ; John 1:27 ; Acts 13:25 ; 1 Timothy 5:18 ; 1 Timothy 6:1 ; Hebrews 11:38 ; Revelation 3:4 ; Revelation 4:11 ; Revelation 5:2, 4, 9, 12 ; (b) in a bad sense, Luke 12:48 ; Luke 23:15 ; Acts 23:29 ; Acts 25:11, 25 ; Acts 26:31 ; Romans 1:32 ; Revelation 16:6 . See MEET , REWARD.

A — 2: ἱκανός
(Strong's #2425 — Adjective — hikanos — hik-an-os' )

"sufficient," is translated "worthy" in this sense in Matthew 3:11 (marg., "sufficient"); so Matthew 8:8 ; Mark 1:7 ; Luke 3:16 ; Luke 7:6 . See ABILITY , C, No. 2, etc.

A — 3: ἔνοχος
(Strong's #1777 — Adjective — enochos — en'-okh-os )

"held in, bound by," is translated "worthy (of death)" in Matthew 26:66 ; Mark 14:64 , RV (marg., "liable to;" AV, "guilty"). See DANGER.

Notes: (1) In James 2:7 , AV, kalos, "good, fair," is translated "worthy" (RV, "honorable"). (2) For the AV of Ephesians 4:1 ; Colossians 1:10 ; 1 Thessalonians 2:12 , see C, below.

B — 1: ἀξιόω
(Strong's #515 — Verb — axioo — ax-ee-o'-o )

"to think or count worthy," is used (1) of the estimation formed by God (a) favorably, 2 Thessalonians 1:11 , "may count (you) worthy (of your calling)," suggestive of grace (it does not say "may make you worthy"); Hebrews 3:3 , "of more glory," of Christ in comparison with Moses; (b) unfavorably, Hebrews 10:29 , "of how much sorer punishment;" (2) by a centurion (negatively) concerning himself, Luke 7:7 ; (3) by a church, regarding its elders, 1 Timothy 5:17 , where "honor" stands probably for "honorarium," i.e., "material support." See also DESIRE , B, No. 1 (Acts 28:22 ), THINK (Acts 15:38 ).

B — 2: καταξιόω
(Strong's #2661 — Verb — kataxioo — kat-ax-ee-o'-o )

a strengthened form of No. 1, occurs in Luke 20:35 ; Luke 21:36 , in some texts; Acts 5:41 ; 2 Thessalonians 1:5 . See ACCOUNT , A, No. 5.

C — 1: ἀξίως
(Strong's #516 — Adverb — axios — ax-ee'-oce )

"worthily," so translated in the RV [with one exception, see (c)], for AV, "worthy" and other renderings, (a) "worthily of God," 1 Thessalonians 2:12 , of the Christian walk as it should be; 3 John 1:6 , RV , of assisting servants of God in a way which reflects God's character and thoughts; (b) "worthily of the Lord," Colossians 1:10 ; of the calling of believers, Ephesians 4:1 , in regard to their "walk" or manner of life; (c) "worthy of the gospel of Christ," Philippians 1:27 , of a manner of life in accordance with what the gospel declares; (d) "worthily of the saints," RV, of receiving a fellow believer, Romans 16:2 , in such a manner as befits those who bear the name of "saints." Deissmann (Bible Studies, pp. 248ff.) shows from various inscriptions that the phrase "worthily of the god" was very popular at Pergamum.

Wot

* Note: This form, the 1st person singular and the plural of the present tense of an Anglo-Saxon verb witan, "to see" or "to know" (for the past tense cp. WIST), is a rendering of (1) oida, "to know," in Acts 3:17 ; Acts 7:40 ; Romans 11:2 (see KNOW , No. 2); (2) gnorizo, "to come to know," in Philippians 1:22 (see KNOW , No. 8).

Would

* Notes: (1) This is often a translation of various inflections of a Greek verb. When it represents a separate word, it is always emphatic, and is a translation of one or other of the verbs mentioned under WILL. (2) Ophelon (the 2nd aorist tense of opheilo, "to owe") expresses a wish, "I would that," either impracticable, 1 Corinthians 4:8 , RV (AV, "would to God"); or possible, 2 Corinthians 11:1 ; Galatians 5:12 ; Revelation 3:15 . (3) Euchomai, "to pray," with the particle an, expressing a strong desire with a remote possibility of fulfillment, is used in Acts 26:29 , "I would (to God, that)."

Wound

A — 1: τραῦμα
(Strong's #5134 — Neuter — trauma — trow'-mah )

"a wound," occurs in Luke 10:34 . Note: Plege, "a blow, a stroke," is used in Luke 10:30 with epitithemi, "to lay on," lit., "laid on blows," RV, "beat" (AV, "wounded"). In Revelation 13:3, 12 , plege is used with the genitive case of thanatos, "death," lit., "stroke of death," RV, "death stroke" (AV, "deadly wound"); the rendering "wound" does not accurately give the meaning; in Revelation 13:14 , with the genitive of machaira, "a sword," AV, "wound" (RV, "stroke").

B — 1: τραυματίζω
(Strong's #5135 — Verb — traumatizo — trow-mat-id'-zo )

"to wound" (from A), occurs in Luke 20:12 ; Acts 19:16 .

Note: In Revelation 13:3 , AV, sphazo, "to slay," is translated "wounded," RV, "smitten" (AV and RV marg., "slain").

Woven

1: ὑφαντός
(Strong's #5307 — Adjective — huphantos — hoo-fan-tos' )

from huphaino, "to weave" (found in good mss. in Luke 12:27 ), is used of Christ's garment, John 19:23 .

Wranglings

1: παραδιατριβή
(Strong's #3859 — Noun Feminine — diaparatribe — par-ad-ee-at-ree-bay' )

found in 1 Timothy 6:5 , denotes "constant strife," obstinate contests" (Ellicott), "mutual irritations" (Field), AV, "perverse disputings" (marg., "gallings one of another"), RV "wranglings." Some texts have paradiatribe. The preposition dia- is used intensively, indicating thoroughness, completeness. The simple word paratribe (not found in the NT), denotes "hostility, enmity." See DISPUTE , No. 3.

Wrap

1: ἐνειλέω
(Strong's #1750 — Verb — eneileo — en-i-leh'-o )

"to roll in, wind in," occurs in Mark 15:46 ; see WIND (Verb), No. 3.

2: ἐντυλίσσω
(Strong's #1794 — Verb — entulisso — en-too-lis'-so )

"to roll in," occurs in Matthew 27:59 ; Luke 23:53 ; John 20:7 : see ROLL , No. 5.

3: συστέλλω
(Strong's #4958 — Verb — sustello — soos-tel'-lo )

"to wrap" or "wind up," Acts 5:6 ; see WIND , No. 2; 1 Corinthians 7:29 , see SHORTEN , No. 2.

Wrath

1: ὀργή
(Strong's #3709 — Noun Feminine — orge — or-gay' )

see ANGER and Notes (1) and (2).

2: θυμός
(Strong's #2372 — Noun Masculine — thumos — thoo-mos' )

"hot anger, passion," for which see ANGER , Notes (1) and (2), is translated "wrath" in Luke 4:28 ; Acts 19:28 ; Romans 2:8 , RV; Galatians 5:20 ; Ephesians 4:31 ; Colossians 3:8 ; Hebrews 11:27 ; Revelation 12:12 ; Revelation 14:8, 10, 19 ; Revelation 15:1, 7 ; Revelation 16:1 ; Revelation 18:3 ; "wraths" in 2 Corinthians 12:20 ; "fierceness" in Revelation 16:19 ; Revelation 19:15 (followed by No. 1).

3: παροργισμός
(Strong's #3950 — Noun Masculine — parorgismos — par-org-is-mos' )

occurs in Ephesians 4:26 : see ANGER , A, Note (2).

Note: For the verb parorgizo, "to provoke to wrath," Ephesians 6:4 , AV, see ANGER , B, No. 2.

Wrest

1: στρεβλόω
(Strong's #4761 — Verb — strebloo — streb-lo'-o )

"to twist, to torture" (from streble, "a which" or "instrument of torture," and akin to strepho, "to turn"), is used metaphorically in 2 Peter 3:16 , of "wresting" the Scriptures on the part of the ignorant and unsteadfast. In the Sept., 2 Samuel 22:27 .

Wrestle, Wrestling

1: πάλη
(Strong's #3823 — Noun Feminine — pale — pal'-ay )

"a wrestling" (akin to pallo, "to sway, vibrate"), is used figuratively in Ephesians 6:12 , of the spiritual conflict engaged in by believers, RV, "(our) wrestling," AV, "(we) wrestle."

Wretched

1: ταλαίπωρος
(Strong's #5005 — Adjective — talaiporos — tal-ah'ee-po-ros )

"distressed, miserable, wretched," is used in Romans 7:24 ; Revelation 3:17 . Cp. talaiporia, "misery," and talaiporeo (see AFFLICT).

Wrinkle

1: ῥυτίς
(Strong's #4512 — Noun Feminine — rhutis — hroo-tece' )

from an obsolete verb rhuo, signifying "to draw together," occurs in Ephesians 5:27 , describing the flawlessness of the complete church, as the result of the love of Christ in giving Himself up for it, with the purpose of presenting it to Himself hereafter.

Write, Wrote, Written

A — 1: γράφω
(Strong's #1125 — Verb — grapho — graf'-o )

is used (a) of "forming letters" on a surface or writing material, John 8:6 ; Galatians 6:11 , where the Apostle speaks of his having "written" with large letters in his own hand, which not improbably means that at this point he took the pen from his amanuensis and finished the Epistle himself; this is not negatived by the fact that the verb is in the aorist or past definite tense, lit., "I wrote," for in Greek idiom the writer of a letter put himself beside the reader and spoke of it as having been "written" in the past; in Eng. we should say "I am writing," taking our point of view from the time at which we are doing it; cp. Philemon 1:19 (this Ep. is undoubtedly a holograph), where again the equivalent English translation is in the present tense (see also Acts 15:23 ; Romans 15:15 ); possibly the Apostle, in Galatians, was referring to his having "written" the body of the Epistle but the former alternative seems the more likely; in 2 Thessalonians 3:17 he says that the closing salutation is written by his own hand and speaks of it as "the token in every Epistle" which some understand as a purpose for the future rather than a custom; see, however, 1 Corinthians 16:21 ; Colossians 4:18 . The absence of the token from the other Epistles of Paul can be explained differently, their authenticity not being dependent upon this; (b) "to commit to writing, to record," e.g., Luke 1:63 ; John 19:21, 22 ; it is used of Scripture as a standing authority, "it is written," e.g., Mark 1:2 ; Romans 1:17 (cp. 2 Corinthians 4:13 ); (c) of "writing directions or giving information," e.g., Romans 10:5 , "(Moses) writeth," RV (AV, "describeth"); Romans 15:15 ; 2 Corinthians 7:12 ; (d) of "that which contained a record or message," e.g., Mark 10:4, 5 ; John 19:19 ; John 21:25 ; Acts 23:25 .

A — 2: ἐπιστέλλω
(Strong's #1989 — Verb — epistello — ep-ee-stel'-lo )

denotes "to send a message by letter, to write word" (stello, "to send;" Eng., "epistle"), Acts 15:20 ; Acts 21:25 (some mss. have apostello, "to send"); Hebrews 13:22 .

A — 3: προγράφω
(Strong's #4270 — Verb — prographo — prog-raf'-o )

denotes "to write before," Romans 15:4 (in the best texts; some have grapho); Ephesians 3:3 . See SET (forth).

A — 4: ἐγγράφω
(Strong's #1449 — Verb — engrapho — eng-graf'-o )

denotes "to write in," Luke 10:20 ; 2 Corinthians 3:2, 3 .

A — 5: ἐπιγράφω
(Strong's #1924 — Verb — epigrapho — ep-ee-graf'-o )

is rendered "to write over or upon" (epi) in Mark 15:26 ; figuratively, on the heart, Hebrews 8:10 ; Hebrews 10:16 ; on the gates of the heavenly Jerusalem, Revelation 21:12 . See INSCRIPTION.

Notes: (1) For apographo, Hebrews 12:23 , AV, "written," see ENROLL. (2) In 2 Corinthians 3:7 "written" is a translation of en, "in," with the dative plural of gramma, a letter, lit., "in letters."

B — 1: γραπτός
(Strong's #1123 — Adjective — graptos — grap-tos' )

from A, No. 1, "written," occurs in Romans 2:15 .

Writing

1: γράμμα
(Strong's #1121 — Noun Neuter — gramma — gram'-mah )

from grapho, "to write," is rendered "writings" in John 5:47 . See LETTER , No. 1.

Notes: (1) For biblion, "writing," AV in Matthew 19:7 , see BILL , No. 1. (2) In John 19:19 , AV, "the writing (was)" is a translation of the perfect participle, Passive Voice, of grapho, RV, "(there was) written."

Writing Tablet

1: πινακίδιον
(Strong's #4093 — Noun Neuter — pinakidion — pin-ak-id'-ee-on )

occurs in Luke 1:63 , a diminutive of pinakis, "a tablet," which is a variant reading here.

Wrong, Wrongdoer, Wrongdoing

A — 1: ἀδικία
(Strong's #93 — Noun Feminine — adikia — ad-ee-kee'-ah )

a, negative, dike, "right," is translated "wrong" in 2 Peter 2:13 (2nd part),15, RV, "wrongdoing" (AV, unrighteousness); in 2 Corinthians 12:13 , it is used ironically. See INIQUITY , UNJUST , UNRIGHTEOUSNESS.

A — 2: ἀδίκημα
(Strong's #92 — Noun Neuter — adikema — ad-eek'-ay-mah )

denotes "a misdeed, injury," in the concrete sense (in contrast to No. 1), Acts 18:14 , "a matter of wrong;" Acts 24:20 , RV, "wrongdoing" (AV, "evil doing"). See INIQUITY.

B — 1: ἀδικέω
(Strong's #91 — Verb — adikeo — ad-ee-keh'-o )

"to do wrong," is used (a) intransitively, to act unrighteously, Acts 25:11 , RV, "I am a wrongdoer" (AV, "... an offender"); 1 Corinthians 6:8 ; 2 Corinthians 7:12 (1st part); Colossians 3:25 (1st part); cp. Revelation 22:11 (see UNRIGHTEOUSNESS , B); (b) transitively, "to wrong," Matthew 20:13 ; Acts 7:24 (Passive Voice),26,27; 25:10; 2 Corinthians 7:2, 12 (2nd part; Passive Voice); Galatians 4:12 , "ye did (me no) wrong," anticipating a possible suggestion that his vigorous language was due to some personal grievance; the occasion referred to was that of his first visit; Colossians 3:25 (2nd part), lit., "what he did wrong," which brings consequences both in this life and at the judgment seat of Christ; Philemon 1:18 ; 2 Peter 2:13 (1st part); in the Middle or Passive Voice, "to take or suffer wrong, to suffer (oneself) to be wronged," 1 Corinthians 6:7 . See HURT , OFFENDER , UNJUST.

Wrongfully

1: ἀδίκως
(Strong's #95 — Adverb — adikos — ad-ee'-koce )

akin to the above, occurs in 1 Peter 2:19 .

Note: For "exact wrongfully," Luke 3:14 , RV, see ACCUSE , B, No. 5.

Wroth

1: ὀργίζω
(Strong's #3710 — Verb — orgizo — or-gid'-zo )

always in the Middle or Passive Voice in the NT, is rendered "was (were) wroth" in Matthew 18:34 ; Matthew 22:7 ; Revelation 11:18 , RV, (AV, "were angry"); 12:17, RV, "waxed wroth." See ANGER , B, No. 1.

2: θυμόω
(Strong's #2373 — Verb — thumoo — thoo-mo'-o )

signifies "to be very angry" (from thumos, "wrath, hot anger"), "to be stirred into passion," Matthew 2:16 , of Herod (Passive Voice).

3: χολάω
(Strong's #5520 — Verb — cholao — khol-ah'-o )

primarily, "to be melancholy" (chole, "gall"), signifies "to be angry," John 7:23 , RV, "are ye wroth" (AV, "... angry").

Wrought

* For WROUGHT see WORK