Vine's Expository Dictionary of NT Words

Threshing Floor — Twain, Two

Threshing Floor

1: ἅλων
(Strong's #257 — Noun Feminine — halon — hal'-ohn )

"a threshing floor," is so translated in Matthew 3:12 ; Luke 3:17 , RV (AV, "floor"), perhaps by metonymy for the grain.

Threw

* For THREW see THROW

Thrice

1: τρίς
(Strong's #5151 — Adverb — tris — trece )

occurs in Matthew 26:34, 75 and parallel passages; in Acts 10:16 ; Acts 11:10 , preceded by epi, "up to;" 2 Corinthians 11:25 (twice); 12:8.

Throat, to Take by the

A — 1: λάρυγξ
(Strong's #2995 — Noun Masculine — larunx — lar'-oongks )

"a throat" (Eng., "larynx"), is used metaphorically of "speech" in Romans 3:13 .

B — 1: πνίγω
(Strong's #4155 — Verb — pnigo — pnee'-go )

"to choke," is rendered "took ... by the throat" in Matthew 18:28 . See CHOKE , No. 1.

Throne

1: θρόνος
(Strong's #2362 — Noun Masculine — thronos — thron'-os )

"a throne, a seat of authority," is used of the "throne" (a) of God, e.g., Hebrews 4:16 , "the throne of grace," i.e., from which grace proceeds; Hebrews 8:1 ; Hebrews 12:2 ; Revelation 1:4 ; Revelation 3:21 (2nd part); 4:2 (twice); 5:1; frequently in Rev.; in Revelation 20:12 , in the best texts, "the throne" (some have Theos, "God," AV); cp. Revelation 21:3 ; Matthew 5:34 ; Matthew 23:22 ; Acts 7:49 ; (b) of Christ, e.g. Hebrews 1:8 ; Revelation 3:21 (1st part); 22:3; His seat of authority in the Millennium, Matthew 19:28 (1st part); (c) by metonymy for angelic powers, Colossians 1:16 ; (d) of the Apostles in millennial authority, Matthew 19:28 (2nd part); Luke 22:30 ; (e) of the elders in the heavenly vision, Revelation 4:4 (2nd and 3rd parts), RV, "thrones" (AV, "seats"); so Revelation 11:16 ; (f) of David, Luke 1:32 ; Acts 2:30 ; (g) of Satan, Revelation 2:13 , RV, "throne" (AV, "seat"); (h) of "the beast," the final and federal head of the revived Roman Empire, Revelation 13:2 ; Revelation 16:10 .

2: βῆμα
(Strong's #968 — Noun Neuter — bema — bay'-ma )

for which see JUDGMENT-SEAT, is used of the throne or tribunal of Herod, Acts 12:21 .

Throng

1: θλίβω
(Strong's #2346 — Verb — thlibo — thlee'-bo )

"to press," is rendered "throng," Mark 3:9 . See AFFLICT , No. 4.

2: συνθλίβω
(Strong's #4918 — Verb — suntlibo — soon-thlee'-bo )

"to press to together," on all sides (sun, "together," and No. 1), a strengthened form, is used in Mark 5:24, 31 .

3: συμπνίγω
(Strong's #4846 — Verb — sumpnigo — soom-pnee'-go )

"to choke," is used of "thronging" by a crowd, Luke 8:42 . See CHOKE , No. 3.

Note: For sunecho, "to hold together, press together," Luke 8:45 (AV, "throng"), see PRESS.

Through and Throughout

* For THROUGH and THROUGHOUT see +, p. 9

Throughly

* For THROUGHLY see THOROUGHLY

Throw

1: βάλλω
(Strong's #906 — Verb — ballo — bal'-lo )

"to cast, to throw," is rendered "to throw" in Mark 12:42 , AV (RV, "cast"); so Acts 22:23 (2nd part); "to throw down," Revelation 18:21 (2nd part), AV (RV, "cast down"). See CAST , No. 1.

2: ῥίπτω
(Strong's #4496 — Verb — rhipto — hrip'-to )

"to hurl, throw, throw off," is rendered "had thrown... down" in Luke 4:35 , RV (AV, "had thrown"). See CAST , No. 2.

3: κατακρημνίζω
(Strong's #2630 — Verb — katakremnizo — kat-ak-rame-nid'-zo )

"to throw over a precipice" (kremnos), "cast down headlong," is rendered "throw ... down" in Luke 4:29 (AV, "cast ... down headlong").

4: καταλύω
(Strong's #2647 — Verb — kataluo — kat-al-oo'-o )

lit., "to loosen down," is rendered "to throw down" (of the stones of the Temple) in Matthew 24:2 and parallel passages. See DESTROY , No. 5.

Thrust

1: βάλλω
(Strong's #906 — Verb — ballo — bal'-lo )

for which cp. THROW, No. 1, is rendered "to thrust" in John 20:25, 27 , AV (RV, "put"); Acts 16:24 , AV (RV, "cast"); so Revelation 14:16, 19 . See CAST , No. 1.

2: ἐκβάλλω
(Strong's #1544 — Verb — ekballo — ek-bal'-lo )

"to cast out," is rendered "thrust ... out" in Luke 4:29 , AV (RV, "cast ... forth"); so Luke 13:28 ; Acts 16:37 . See CAST , No. 5.

3: ἀποπνίγω
(Strong's #638 — Verb — apotheo — ap-op-nee'-go )

"to thrust away," is used in the Middle Voice, "to thrust away from oneself," and translated "thrust away" in Acts 7:27, 39 ; "thrust ... from," Acts 13:46 , RV (AV, "put ... from"); "having thrust from them," 1 Timothy 1:19 , RV (AV, "having put away"). See CAST , No. 13.

4: κατατοξεύω
(Strong's #2700 — Verb — katatoxeuo — kat-at-ox-yoo'-o )

"to strike down with an arrow, shoot dead," occurs in Hebrews 12:20 in some mss. (in a quotation from Exodus 19:13 , Sept.).

Notes: (1) In Matthew 11:23 ; Luke 10:15 the best texts have katabaino, "to go down" (RV), instead of katabibazo, in the Passive Voice, "to be thrust down or brought down" (AV). (2) In Acts 27:39 , AV, exotheo, "to drive out," is rendered "to thrust in," RV, "drive (the ship) upon (it [i.e., the beach])." (3) In Revelation 14:15, 18 , AV, pempo, to send (RV, "send forth"), is translated "thrust in." (4) For Luke 5:3 , AV, see LAUNCH , No. 2.

Thunder, Thundering

1: βροντή
(Strong's #1027 — Noun Feminine — bronte — bron-tay' )

in Mark 3:17 "sons of thunder" is the interpretation of Boanerges, the name applied by the Lord to James and John; their firey disposition is seen in Mark 9:38 ; Luke 9:54 ; perhaps in the case of James it led to his execution. The name and its interpretation have caused much difficulty; some suggest the meaning "the twins." It is however most probably the equivalent of the Aramaic bene regesh, "sons of tumult;" the latter of the two words was no doubt used of "thunder" in Palestinian Aramaic; hence the meaning "the sons of thunder;" the cognate Hebrew word ragash, "to rage," is used in Psalms 2:1 and there only. In John 12:29 bronte is used with ginomai, "to take place," and rendered "it had thundered;" lit., "there was thunder;" elsewhere, Revelation 4:5 ; Revelation 6:1 ; Revelation 8:5 ; Revelation 10:3, 4 ; Revelation 11:19 ; Revelation 14:2 ; Revelation 16:18 ; Revelation 19:6 .

Thus

1: οὕτως
(Strong's #3779 — Adverb — houtos or houto — hoo'-to )

"in this way, so, thus," is used (a) with reference to what precedes, e.g., Luke 1:25 ; Luke 2:48 ; (b) with reference to what follows, e.g., Luke 19:31 , rendered "on this wise," in Matthew 1:18 ; John 21:1 , and before quotations, Acts 7:6 ; Acts 13:34 ; Romans 10:6 , AV (RV, "thus"); Hebrews 4:4 ; (c) marking intensity, rendered "so," e.g., Galatians 1:6 ; Hebrews 2:21 ; Revelation 16:18 ; (d) in comparisons, rendered "so," e.g., Luke 11:30 ; Romans 5:15 . See FASHION , B, LIKEWISE , Note (1), MANNER , C, No. 2, So, Note (1).

Note (1) Touto, the neuter of houtos, "this," is transalted "thus" in 2 Corinthians 1:17 ; 2 Corinthians 5:14 ; Philippians 3:15 ; the neuter plural, tauta, "these things," e.g., in Luke 18:11 ; Luke 19:28 ; John 9:6 ; John 11:43 ; John 13:21 ; John 20:14 ; Acts 19:41 . (2) Tade, these things (the neuter plural of hode, "this"), is translated "thus" in Acts 21:11 . (3) In Luke 17:30 , AV, kata tauta, lit., "according to these things," is rendered "thus" (RV, "after the same manner," follows the reading kata ta auta, lit., "according to the same things").

Thy, Thine, Thine Own, Thyself

* Note: These are translations of (1) the possessive pronoun sos, and its inflections, e.g., Matthew 7:3 (1st part); it is used as a noun with the article, in the phrases to son, "that which is thine," Matthew 20:14 ; Matthew 25:25 , "thine own;" hoi soi, "thy friends," Mark 5:19 ; ta sa, "thy goods," Luke 6:30 , lit., "the thine;" (2) one of the oblique cases of su, "thou;" sou, "of thee," e.g., Matthew 1:20 ; Matthew 7:3 (2nd part), "thine own;" soi, "to thee," e.g., Mark 5:9 ; with meno, "to remain," Acts 5:4 (1st part), "thine own," lit., "remain to thee;" in Matthew 26:18 , pros se, "at they house," lit., "with thee;" (3) seauton, "(as) thyself," Romans 13:9 ; seautou, "of thyself," e.g., Matthew 4:6 ; seauto, "to thyself," Acts 16:28 ; (4) heautou (with apo, "from"), John 18:34 , "of thyself," lit., "from thyself;" (5) autos, "self," is sometimes used for "thyself," e.g., Luke 6:42 .

Thyine

1: θύϊνος
(Strong's #2367 — Adjective — thuinos — thoo'-ee-nos )

is akin to thuia, or thua, an African aromatic and coniferous tree; in Revelation 18:12 it describes a wood which formed part of the merchandise of Babylon; it was valued by Greeks and Romans for tables, being hard, durable and fragrant (AV marg., "sweet").

Tidings

A — 1: φάσις
(Strong's #5334 — Noun Feminine — phasis — fas'-is )

akin to phemi, "to speak," denotes "information," especially against fraud or other delinquency, and is rendered "tidings" in Acts 21:31 .

Note: In Acts 11:22 , AV, logos, "a word, a report" (RV), is rendered "tidings."

B — 1: εὐαγγελίζω
(Strong's #2097 — Verb — euangelizo — yoo-ang-ghel-id'-zo )

is used of any message designed to cheer those who receive it; it is rendered "to bring, declare, preach," or "show good or glad tidings," e.g., Luke 1:19 ; Luke 2:10 ; Luke 3:18 , RV; 4:43, RV; 7:22, RV; 8:1; Acts 8:12 ; Acts 10:36 , RV; 14:15, RV; in 1 Thessalonians 3:6 , "brought us glad (AV, good) tidings;" in Hebrews 4:2 , RV, "we have had good tidings preached;" similarly, Hebrews 4:6 ; in 1 Peter 1:25 rhema, "a word," is coupled with this verb, "the word of good tidings which was preached," RV (AV, "the word which by the gospel is preached"). See PREACH , A, No. 1.

B — 2: ἀναγγέλλω
(Strong's #312 — Verb — anangello — an-ang-el'-lo )

"to announce, declare," is rendered "(no) tidings ... came," in Romans 15:21 , RV, AV, "was (not) spoken of." See TELL.

Tie

1: δέω
(Strong's #1210 — Verb — deo — deh'-o )

"to bind," is rendered "to tie" in Matthew 21:2 ; Mark 11:2, 4 ; Luke 19:30 . See BIND.

2: προτείνω
(Strong's #4385 — Verb — proteino — prot-i'-no )

"to stretch out or forth," is used of preparations for scourging, Acts 22:25 , RV, "had tied (him) up" (AV, "bound").

Tiles, Tiling

1: κέραμος
(Strong's #2766 — Noun Masculine — keramos — ker'-am-os )

"potter's clay," or "an earthen vessel," denotes in the plural "tiles" in Luke 5:19 , RV, AV, "tiling." In the Sept., 2 Samuel 17:28 .

Till

* For TILL (Conjunction) see +, p. 9

Time

A — 1: χρόνος
(Strong's #5550 — Noun Masculine — chronos — khron'-os )

denotes "a space of time," whether short, e.g., Matthew 2:7 ; Luke 4:5 , or long, e.g., Luke 8:27 ; Luke 20:9 ; or a succession of "times," shorter, e.g., Acts 20:18 , or longer, e.g., Romans 16:25 , RV, "times eternal;" or duration of "time," e.g., Mark 2:19, 2 nd part, RV, "while" (AV, "as long as"), lit., "for whatever time." For a fuller treatment see SEASON , A, No. 2.

A — 2: καιρός
(Strong's #2540 — Noun Masculine — kairos — kahee-ros' )

primarily "due measure, due proportion," when used of "time," signified "a fixed or definite period, a season," sometimes an opportune or seasonable "time," e.g., Romans 5:6 , RV, "season;" Galatians 6:10 , "opportunity." In Mark 10:30 ; Luke 18:30 , "this time" (kairos), i.e., "in this lifetime," is contrasted with "the coming age." In 1 Thessalonians 5:1 , "the times and the seasons," "times" (chronos) refers to the duration of the interval previous to the Parousia of Christ and the length of "time" it will occupy (see COMING , No. 3), as well as other periods; "seasons" refers to the characteristics of these periods. See SEASON , A, No. 1, and the contrasts between chronos and kairos under SEASON, A, No. 2.

A — 3: ὥρα
(Strong's #5610 — Noun Feminine — hora — ho'-rah )

primarily, "any time or period fixed by nature," is translated "time" in Matthew 14:15 ; Luke 14:17 ; Romans 13:11 , "high time;" in the following the RV renders it "hour," for AV, "time," Matthew 18:1 ; Luke 1:10 ; John 16:2, 4, 25 ; 1 John 2:18 (twice); Revelation 14:15 ; in Mark 6:35 , RV, "day;" in 1 Thessalonians 2:17 , RV, "a short (season)," lit., "(the season, AV, 'time') of an hour." See HOUR.

B — 1: πώποτε
(Strong's #4455 — Adverb — popote — po'-pot-e )

"ever yet," is rendered "at any time" in John 1:18 ; John 5:37 ; 1 John 4:12 . For Luke 15:29 see Note (14) below. See NEVER.

B — 2: ἤδη
(Strong's #2235 — Adverb — ede — ay'-day )

"already, now," is translated "by this time" in John 11:39 . See ALREADY.

B — 3: πάλαι
(Strong's #3819 — Adverb — palai — pal'-ahee )

"long ago, of old," is rendered "of old time" in Hebrews 1:1 (AV, "in time past"). See OLD.

Notes: (1) In Luke 9:51 ; Acts 8:1 , AV, hemera, "a day," is translated "time," in the former, plural, RV, "the days;" in Luke 23:7 (plural), RV "(in these) days," AV, "(at that) time." (2) In 1 Timothy 6:19 the phrase eis to mellon, lit., "unto the about-to-be," i.e., "for the impending (time)," is rendered "against the time to come." (3) In 1 Corinthians 16:12 , AV, nun, "now" (RV), is rendered "at this time;" in Acts 24:25 , the phrase to nun echon, lit., "the now having," is rendered "at this time" (the verb is adjectival); the phrase is more expressive than the simple "now." Cp. heos tou nun, "until now," Matthew 24:21 ; Mark 13:19 , RV, AV, "unto (this time)." (4) For polumeros, strangely rendered "at sundry times," in Hebrews 1:1 , AV, see PORTION , C. (5) For "long time," see LONG. (6) For "nothing ... at any time," see NOTHING , Note (3). (7) For proskairos, rendered "for a time" in Mark 4:17 , AV, see SEASON , WHILE. (8) In Matt., apo tote, "from that time," lit., "from then," occurs thrice, Matthew 4:17 ; Matthew 16:21 ; Matthew 26:16 ; in Luke 16:16 , RV (AV, "since that time"); in John 6:66 , AV, "from that time" translates ek toutou, lit., "from, or out of, this," RV, "upon this." (9) In Luke 4:27 , the preposition epi signifies "in the time of." (10) For genea, rendered "times" in Acts 14:16 , "time" in Acts 15:21 , see AGE , No. 2 (RV, "generations"). (11) For "at every time," 2 Peter 1:15 , RV, see ALWAYS , No. 2. (12) For "in time of need," Hebrews 4:16 , see CONVENIENT , and NEED, C, Note. (13) In Hebrews 2:1 , pote signifies "at any time;" in 1 Peter 3:5 , "in the old time;" in 2 Peter 1:21 , "in old time." See PAST. In the following where the AV has "sometimes" the RV has "once" in Ephesians 2:13 ; Ephesians 5:8 ; "aforetime" in Titus 3:3 . (14) In Luke 15:29 , AV, oudepote, "never," is rendered "neither ... at any time" (RV, "never"). (15) For eukaireo, "to spend time," Acts 17:21 , see SPEND , No. 10. (16) For chronotribeo, "to spend time," see SPEND , No. 11. (17) For prolego, rendered "told ... in time past," in Galatians 5:21 , AV, see FOREWARN. (18) In Luke 12:1 , "in the mean time" is a rendering of the phrase en hois, lit., "in which (things or circumstances)." (19) In Revelation 5:11 there is no word representing "times:" see THOUSAND , Note (2). (20) In Galatians 4:2 prothesmios (in its feminine form, with hemera, "day," understood) is rendered "time appointed" (see APPOINT , No. 3 and Note, TERM).

Tinkling

* For TINKLING see CLANGING

Tip

1: ἄκρον
(Strong's #206 — Adjective — akron — ak'-ron )

"the top, an extremity," is translated "tip" in Luke 16:24 . See END , C, Note (6), TOP.

Tithe

1: δεκατόω
(Strong's #1183 — Verb — dekatoo — dek-at-o'-o )

from dekatos, "tenth," in the Active Voice denotes "to take tithes of," Hebrews 7:6 , RV, "hath taken (AV, received) tithes;" in the Passive, "to pay tithes," Hebrews 7:9 , RV, "hath paid (AV, 'payed') tithes." In the Sept., Nehemiah 10:37 .

2: ἀποδεκατόω
(Strong's #586 — Verb — apodekatoo — ap-od-ek-at-o'-o )

denotes (a) "to tithe" (apo, "from," dekatos, "tenth"), Matthew 23:23 (AV, "pay tithe of"); Luke 11:42 ; in Luke 18:12 (where the best texts have the alternative form apodekateuo), "I give tithes;" (b) "to exact tithes" from Hebrews 7:5 .

3: ἀποδεκατόω
(Strong's #586 — Verb — apodekateuo — ap-od-ek-at-o'-o )

"to give tithes," in Luke 18:12 (some texts have No. 2).

Note: Hebrews 7:4-9 shows the superiority of the Melchizedek priesthood to the Levitical, in that (1) Abraham, the ancestor of the Levites, paid "tithes" to Melchizedek (Genesis 14:20 ); (2) Melchizedek, whose genealogy is outside that of the Levites, took "tithes" of Abraham, the recipient himself of the Divine promises; (3) whereas death is the natural lot of those who receive "tithes," the death of Melchizedek is not recorded; (4) the Levites who received "tithes" virtually paid them through Abraham to Melchizedek.

Tithes

* For TITHES (Noun) see TENTH , No. 2

Title

1: τίτλος
(Strong's #5102 — Noun Masculine — titlos — tit'-los )

from Latin titulus, is used of the inscription above the Cross of Christ, John 19:19, 20 . See SUPERSCRIPTION.

2: κεραία
(Strong's #2762 — Noun Feminine — keraia | kerea — ker-ah'-yah )

"a little horn" (keras, "a horn"), was used to denote the small stroke distinguishing one Hebrew letter from another. The rabbis attached great importance to these; hence the significance of the Lord's statements in Matthew 5:18 ; Luke 16:17 , charging the Pharisees with hypocrisy, because, while professing the most scrupulous reverence to the Law, they violated its spirit. Grammarians used the word to denote the accents in Greek words.

To

* For TO see +, p. 9

Today, This Day

1: σήμερον
(Strong's #4594 — Adverb — semeron — say'-mer-on )

an adverb (the Attic form is temeron), akin to hemera, a day, with the prefix t originally representing a pronoun. It is used frequently in Matthew, Luke and Acts; in the last it is always rendered "this day;" also in Hebrews 1:5 , and the RV of Hebrews 5:5 (AV, "to day") in the same quotation; "today" in Hebrews 3:7, 13, 15 ; Hebrews 4:7 (twice); 13:8; also James 4:13 .

The clause containing semeron is sometimes introduced by the conjunction hoti, "that," e.g., Mark 14:30 ; Luke 4:21 ; Luke 19:9 ; sometimes without the conjunction, e.g., Luke 22:34 ; Luke 23:43 , where "today" is to be attached to the next statement, "shalt thou be with Me;" there are no grammatical reasons for the insistence that the connection must be with the statement "Verily I say unto thee," nor is such an idea necessitated by examples from either the Sept. or the NT; the connection given in the AV and RV is right.

In Romans 11:8 ; 2 Corinthians 3:14, 15 , the lit. rendering is "unto the today day," the emphasis being brought out by the RV, "unto (until) this very day."

In Hebrews 4:7 , the "today" of Psalms 95:7 is evidently designed to extend to the present period of the Christian faith.

Together

1: ὁμοῦ
(Strong's #3674 — Adverb — homou — hom-oo' )

used in connection with place, in John 21:2 ; Acts 2:1 (in the best texts), RV, "together" (AV, "with one accord," translating the inferior reading homothumadon: see ACCORD , A), is used without the idea of place in John 4:36 ; John 20:4 .

2: ἅμα
(Strong's #260 — N/A — hama — ham'-ah )

"at once," is translated "together" in Romans 3:12 ; 1 Thessalonians 4:17 ; 1 Thessalonians 5:10 . See EARLY , Note, WITHAL.

Notes: (1) For pamplethei, Luke 23:18 , RV, see ONCE , Note. (2) In 1 Thessalonians 5:11 , AV, allelous, "one another" (RV), is rendered "yourselves together;" in Luke 23:12 , AV, meta allelon, lit., "with one another," is rendered "together" (RV, "with each other"); so in Luke 24:14 , AV, pros allelous, RV, "with each other." (3) In the following, "together" translates the phrase epi to auto, lit., "to (upon, or for) the same," Matthew 22:34 ; Luke 17:35 ; Acts 1:15 ; Acts 2:44 (Acts 3:1 , in some texts); 4:26; 1 Corinthians 7:5 ; 1 Corinthians 14:23 , RV: see PLACE , A, Note (7). (4) In Acts 14:1 , it translates kata to auto, "at the same;" it may mean "in the same way" (i.e., as they had entered the synagogue at Pisidian Antioch). (5) In many cases "together" forms part of another word.

Toil

A — 1: κοπιάω
(Strong's #2872 — Verb — kopiao — kop-ee-ah'-o )

"to be weary, to labor," is rendered "to toil" in Matthew 6:28 ; Luke 5:5 (Luke 12:27 , in some mss.); in 1 Corinthians 4:12 , RV (AV, "we labor"). See LABOR.

A — 2: βασανίζω
(Strong's #928 — Verb — basanizo — bas-an-id'-zo )

primarily, "to rub on the touchstone, to put to the test," then, "to examine by torture" (basanos, "touchstone, torment"), hence denotes "to torture, torment, distress;" in the Passive Voice it is rendered "toiling" in Mark 6:48 , AV (RV, "distressed"). See PAIN , TORMENT , VEX.

B — 1: κόπος
(Strong's #2873 — Noun Masculine — kopos — kop'-os )

"labor, trouble," is rendered "toil" in Revelation 2:2 , RV (AV, "labor"). See LABOR.

Token

1: σημεῖον
(Strong's #4592 — Noun Neuter — semeion — say-mi'-on )

"a sign, token or indication," is translated "token" in 2 Thessalonians 3:17 , of writing of the closing salutations, the Apostle using the pen himself instead of his amanuensis, his autograph attesting the authenticity of his Epistles. See MIRACLE , SIGN.

2: σύσσημον
(Strong's #4953 — Noun Neuter — sussemon — soos'-say-mon )

"a fixed sign or signal, agreed upon with others" (sun, "with"), is used in Mark 14:44 , "a token." In the Sept., Judges 20:38, 40 ; Isaiah 5:26 ; Isaiah 49:22 ; Isaiah 62:10 .

3: ἔνδειγμα
(Strong's #1730 — Noun Neuter — endeigma — en'-dighe-mah )

"a plain token, a proof" (akin to endeiknumi, "to point out, prove") is used in 2 Thessalonians 1:5 "a manifest token," said of the patient endurance and faith of the persecuted saints at Thessalonica, affording proof to themselves of their new life, and a guarantee of the vindication by God of both Himself and them (see No. 4, Note).

4: ἔνδειξις
(Strong's #1732 — Noun Feminine — endeixis — en'-dike-sis )

"a pointing out, showing forth," is rendered "evident token" in Philippians 1:28 . See DECLARE , B, PROOF. Cp. apodeixis, 1 Corinthians 2:4 .

Note: No. 4 refers to the act or process of proving, No. 3 to the thing proved. While the two passges, Philippians 1:28 and 2 Thessalonians 1:5 , contain similar ideas, endeigma indicates the "token" as acknowledged by those referred to; endeixis points more especially to the inherent veracity of the "token."

Tolerable

1: ἀνεκτός
(Strong's #414 — Adjective — anektos — an-ek-tot'-er-os )

(akin to anecho, in the Middle Voice, "to endure," see ENDURE , No. 5) is used in its comparative form, anektoteros, in Matthew 10:15 ; Matthew 11:22, 24 ; Luke 10:12, 14 ; some texts have it in Mark 6:11 .

Toll

* For TOLL see CUSTOM (Toll)

Tomb

1: μνημεῖον
(Strong's #3419 — Noun Neuter — mnemeion — mnay-mi'-on )

is almost invariably rendered "tomb" or "tombs" in the RV, never "grave," sometimes "sepulchre;" in the AV, "tomb" in Matthew 8:28 ; Matthew 27:60 ; Mark 5:2 ; Mark 6:29 . See GRAVE No. 1, SEPULCHRE.

2: μνῆμα
(Strong's #3418 — Noun Neuter — mnema — mnay'-mah )

rendered "tombs" in Mark 5:3, 5 ; Luke 8:27 : see GRAVE , No. 2, SEPULCHRE.

3: τάφος
(Strong's #5028 — Noun Masculine — taphos — taf'-os )

akin to thapto, "to bury," is translated "tombs" in Matthew 23:29 ; elsewhere "sepulchre." See SEPULCHRE.

Tomorrow

1: αὔριον
(Strong's #839 — Adverb — aurion — ow'-ree-on )

is used either without the article, e.g., Matthew 6:30 ; 1 Corinthians 15:32 ; James 4:13 ; or with the article in the feminine form, to agree with hemera, "day," e.g., Matthew 6:34 ; Acts 4:3 , RV, "the morrow" (AV, "next day"); James 4:14 ; preceded by epi, "on," e.g., Luke 10:35 ; Acts 4:5 .

Tongue

A — 1: γλῶσσα
(Strong's #1100 — Noun Feminine — glossa — gloce'-sah )

is used of (1) the "tongues ... like as of fire" which appeared at Pentecost; (2) "the tongue," as an organ of speech, e.g., Mark 7:33 ; Romans 3:13 ; Romans 14:11 ; 1 Corinthians 14:9 ; Philippians 2:11 ; James 1:26 ; James 3:5, 6, 8 ; 1 Peter 3:10 ; 1 John 3:18 ; Revelation 16:10 ; (3) (a) "a language," coupled with phule, "a tribe," laos, "a people," ethnos, "a nation," seven times in the Apocalypse, Revelation 5:9 ; Revelation 7:9 ; Revelation 10:11 ; Revelation 11:9 ; Revelation 13:7 ; Revelation 14:6 ; Revelation 17:15 ; (b) "the supernatural gift of speaking in another language without its having been learnt;" in Acts 2:4-13 the circumstances are recorded from the viewpoint of the hearers; to those in whose language the utterances were made it appeared as a supernatural phenomenon; to others, the stammering of drunkards; what was uttered was not addressed primarily to the audience but consisted in recounting "the mighty works of God;" cp. Acts 2:46 ; in 1Cor., chapters 12 and 14, the use of the gift of "tongues" is mentioned as exercised in the gatherings of local churches; 1 Corinthians 12:10 speaks of the gift in general terms, and couples with it that of "the interpretation of tongues;" chapt. 14 gives instruction concerning the use of the gift, the paramount object being the edification of the church; unless the "tongue" was interpreted the speaker would speak "not unto men, but unto God," 1 Corinthians 14:2 ; he would edify himself alone, 1 Corinthians 14:4 , unless he interpreted, 1 Corinthians 14:5 , in which case his interpretation would be of the same value as the superior gift of prophesying, as he would edify the church, 1 Corinthians 14:4-6 ; he must pray that he may interpret, 1 Corinthians 14:13 ; if there were no interpreter, he must keep silence, 1 Corinthians 14:28 , for all things were to be done "unto edifying," 1 Corinthians 14:26 . "If I come ... speaking with tongues, what shall I profit you," says the Apostle (expressing the great object in all oral ministry), "unless I speak to you either by way of revelation, or of knowledge, or of prophesying, or of teaching?" (1 Corinthians 14:6 ). "Tongues" were for a sign, not to believers, but to unbelievers, 1 Corinthians 14:22 , and especially to unbelieving Jews (see 1 Corinthians 14:21 ): cp. the passages in the Acts.

There is no evidence of the continuance of this gift after apostolic times nor indeed in the later times of the Apostles themselves; this provides confirmation of the fulfillment in this way of 1 Corinthians 13:8 , that this gift would cease in the churches, just as would "prophecies" and "knowledge" in the sense of knowledge received by immediate supernatural power (cp. 1 Corinthians 14:6 ). The completion of the Holy Scriptures has provided the churches with all that is necessary for individual and collective guidance, instruction, and edification.

A — 2: διάλεκτος
(Strong's #1258 — Noun Feminine — dialektos — dee-al'-ek-tos )

"language" (Eng., "dialect"), is rendered "tongue" in the AV of Acts 1:19 ; Acts 2:6, 8 ; Acts 21:40 ; Acts 22:2 ; Acts 26:14 . See LANGUAGE.

B — 1: Κλαύδιος
(Strong's #2804 — Noun Masculine — heteroglossos — klow'-dee-os )

is rendered "strange tongues" in 1 Corinthians 14:21 , RV (heteros, "another of a different sort," see ANOTHER , and A, No. 1), AV, "other tongues."

C — 1: Ἑβραϊστί
(Strong's #1447 — Adverb — hebraisti — heb-rah-is-tee' )

(or ebraisti, Westcott and Hort) denotes (a) "in Hebrew," Revelation 9:11 , RV (AV, "in the Hebrew tongue"); so Revelation 16:16 ; (b) in the Aramaic vernacular of Palestine, John 5:2 , AV, "in the Hebrew tongue" (RV, "in Hebrew"); in John 19:13, 17 , AV, "in the Hebrew" (RV, "in Hebrew"); in John 19:20 , AV and RV, "in Hebrew;" in John 20:16 , RV only, "in Hebrew (Rabboni)."

Note: Cp. Hellenisti, "in Greek," John 19:20 , RV; Acts 21:37 , "Greek." See also Rhomaisti, under LATIN.

Tooth, Teeth

1: ὀδούς
(Strong's #3599 — Noun Masculine — odous — od-ooce )

is used in the sing. in Matthew 5:38 (twice); elsewhere in the plural, of "the gnashing of teeth," the gnashing being expressive of anguish and indignation, Matthew 8:12 ; Matthew 13:42, 50 ; Matthew 22:13 ; Matthew 24:51 ; Matthew 25:30 ; Mark 9:18 ; Luke 13:28 ; Acts 7:54 ; in Revelation 9:8 , of the beings seen in a vision and described as locusts.

Top

1: ἄκρον
(Strong's #206 — Adjective — akron — ak'-ron )

for which see TIP , is used of Jacob's staff, Hebrews 11:21 .

* Note: (Phrases) In Matthew 27:51 ; Mark 15:38 , apo anothen, "from the top" (lit. "from above"), is used of the upper part of the Temple veil. In John 19:23 , the different phrase ek ton anothen is used of the weaving of the Lord's garment (the chiton: see CLOTHING), lit., "from the parts above".

Topaz

1: τοπάζιον
(Strong's #5116 — Noun Neuter — topazion — top-ad'-zee-on )

is mentioned in Revelation 21:20 , as the ninth of the foundation stones of the wall of the heavenly Jerusalem; the stone is of a yellow color (though there are topazes of other colors) and is almost as hard as the diamond. It has the power of double refraction, and when heated or rubbed becomes electric. In the Sept., Exodus 28:17 ; Exodus 39:10 ; Job 28:19 ; Psalms 119:127 , "(gold and) topaz;" Ezekiel 28:13 .

Torch

1: λαμπάς
(Strong's #2985 — Noun Feminine — lampas — lam-pas' )

"a torch," is used in the plur. and translated "torches" in John 18:3 ; in Revelation 8:10 , RV, "torch" (AV, "lamp"). See LAMP.

Torment

A — 1: βασανισμός
(Strong's #929 — Noun Masculine — basanismos — bas-an-is-mos' )

akin to basanizo (see TOIL , No. 2), is used of Divine judgments in Revelation 9:5 ; Revelation 14:11 ; Revelation 18:7, 10, 15 .

A — 2: βάσανος
(Strong's #931 — Noun Masculine — basanos — bas'-an-os )

primarily "a touchstone," employed in testing metals, hence, "torment," is used (a) of physical diseases, Matthew 4:24 : (b) of a condition of retribution in Hades Luke 16:23, 28 .

Note: In 1 John 4:18 , AV, kolasis, "punishment" (RV), is rendered "torment." See PUNISHMENT , No. 3.

B — 1: βασανίζω
(Strong's #928 — Verb — basanizo — bas-an-id'-zo )

for which see TOIL , No. 2, is translated "to torment," (a) of sickness, Matthew 8:6 ; (b) of the doom of evil spirits, Mark 5:7 ; Luke 8:28 ; (c) of retributive judgments upon impenitent mankind at the close of this age, Revelation 9:5 ; Revelation 11:10 ; (d) upon those who worship the Beast and his image and receive the mark of his name, Revelation 14:10 ; (e) of the doom of Satan and his agents, Revelation 20:10 .

B — 2: κακουχέω
(Strong's #2558 — Verb — kakoucheo — kak-oo-kheh'-o )

"to treat evilly," in the Passive Voice is translated "tormented" in Hebrews 11:37 , AV (RV, "evil entreated"). See SUFFER , No. 6.

B — 3: ὀδυνάω
(Strong's #3600 — Verb — odunao — od-oo-nah'-o )

for which see ANGUISH , B, No. 3, in the Passive Voice is rendered "I am (thou art) tormented" in Luke 16:24, 25 , AV.

Tormentor

1: βασανιστής
(Strong's #930 — Noun Masculine — basanistes — bas-an-is-tace' )

properly, "a torturer" (akin to basanizo, see TORMENT , B), "one who elicits information by torture," is used of jailors, Matthew 18:34 .

Torture

1: τυμπανίζω
(Strong's #5178 — Verb — tumpanizo — toom-pan-id'-zo )

primarily denotes "to beat a drum" (tumpanon, "a kettledrum," Eng., "tympanal," "tympanitis," "tympanum"), hence, "to torture by beating, to beat to death," Hebrews 11:35 . In the Sept., 1 Samuel 21:13 , "(David) drummed (upon the doors of the city)." The tympanum as an instrument of "torture" seems to have been a wheel-shaped frame upon which criminals were stretched and beaten with clubs or thongs.

Toss

1: ῥιπίζω
(Strong's #4494 — Verb — rhipizo — hrip-id'-zo )

primarily "to fan a fire" (rhipis, "a fan," cp. rhipe, "twinkling"), then, "to make a breeze," is used in the Passive Voice in James 1:6 , "tossed," of the raising of waves by the wind.

2: κλυδωνίζομαι
(Strong's #2831 — Verb — kludonizomai — kloo-do-nid'-zom-ahee )

signifies "to be tossed by billows" (kludon, "a billow"); metaphorically, in Ephesians 4:14 , of an unsettled condition of mind influenced and agitated by one false teaching and another, and characterized by that immaturity which lacks the firm conviction begotten by the truth. In the Sept., Isaiah 57:20 .

Note: For "being ... tossed," Acts 27:18 , See LABOR , B, No. 2.

Touch

1: ἅπτω
(Strong's #681 — Verb — hapto — hap'-to )

primarily, "to fasten to," hence, of fire, "to kindle," denotes, in the Middle Voice (a) "to touch," e.g., Matthew 8:3, 15 ; Matthew 9:20, 21, 29 ; (b) "to cling to, lay hold of," John 20:17 ; here the Lord's prohibition as to clinging to Him was indicative of the fact that communion with Him would, after His ascension, be by faith, through the Spirit; (c) "to have carnal intercourse with a woman," 1 Corinthians 7:1 ; (d) "to have fellowship and association with unbelievers," 2 Corinthians 6:17 ; (e) (negatively) "to adhere to certain Levitical and ceremonial ordinances," in order to avoid contracting external defilement, or to practice rigorous asceticism, all such abstentions being of "no value against the indulgence of the flesh," Colossians 2:21 , AV (RV, "handle"); (f) "to assault," in order to sever the vital union between Christ and the believer, said of the attack of the Evil One, 1 John 5:18 . See HANDLE , No. 2, KINDLE, LIGHT.

2: θιγγάνω
(Strong's #2345 — Verb — thingano — thing-gan'-o )

"to touch," a lighter term than No. 1, though Hebrews 11:28 approximates to it, in expressing the action of the Destroyer of the Egyptian firstborn; in Hebrews 12:20 it signifies "to touch," and is not to be interpreted by Psalms 104:32 , "He toucheth (No. 1 in the Sept.) the hills and they smoke;" in Colossians 2:21 , RV (AV, "handle"). See HANDLE , No. 2.

3: προσψαύω
(Strong's #4379 — Verb — prospsauo — pros-psow'-o )

"to touch upon, to touch slightly," occurs in Luke 11:46 .

4: ψηλαφάω
(Strong's #5584 — Verb — pselaphao — psay-laf-ah'-o )

"to feel, to handle," is rendered "that might be touched" in Hebrews 12:18 . See FEEL , No. 3. HANDLE, No. 1.

5: κατάγω
(Strong's #2609 — Verb — katago — kat-ag'-o )

"to bring down," is used of bringing a ship to land in Acts 27:3 . See BRING No. 16.

6: συμπαθέω
(Strong's #4834 — Verb — sumpatheo — soom-path-eh'-o )

for which see COMPASSION , A, No. 3, is rendered "be touched with" in Hebrews 4:15 .

7: παραβάλλω
(Strong's #3846 — Verb — paraballo — par-ab-al'-lo )

for which see ARRIVE , No. 4, COMPARE, No. 2, is rendered "touched at" in Acts 20:15 , RV.

Touching

* For TOUCHING (Preposition) see +, p. 9

Toward

* For TOWARD (Preposition), see +, p. 9

Towel

1: λέντιον
(Strong's #3012 — Noun Neuter — lention — len'-tee-on )

denotes "a linen cloth or towel" (Lat., linteum), as used by the Lord, John 13:4, 5 ; it was commonly used by servants in a household.

Tower

1: πύργος
(Strong's #4444 — Noun Masculine — purgos — poor'-gos )

is used of "a watchtower in a vineyard," Matthew 21:33 ; Mark 12:1 ; probably, too, in Luke 14:28 (cp. Isaiah 5:2 ); in Luke 13:4 , of the "tower in Siloam," the modern Silwan, which is built on a steep escarpment of rock.

Town

1: κωμόπολις
(Strong's #2969 — Noun Feminine — komopolis — ko-mop'-ol-is )

denotes "a country town," Mark 1:38 , "a large village" usually without walls.

2: κώμη
(Strong's #2968 — Noun Feminine — kome — ko'-may )

"a village," or "country town without walls." The RV always renders this "village" or "villages," AV, "town" or "towns," Matthew 10:11 ; Mark 8:23, 26 (twice),27; Luke 5:17 ; Luke 9:6, 12 ; John 7:42 ; John 11:1, 30 . See VILLAGE.

Town Clerk

1: γραμματεύς
(Strong's #1122 — Noun Masculine — grammateus — gram-mat-yooce' )

"a writer, scribe," is used in Acts 19:35 of a state "clerk," an important official, variously designated, according to inscriptions found in Graeco-Asiatic cities. He was responsible for the form of decrees first approved by the Senate, then sent for approval in the popular assembly, in which he often presided. The decrees having been passed, he sealed them with the public seal in the presence of witnesses. Such an assembly frequently met in the theater. The Roman administration viewed any irregular or unruly assembly as a grave and even capital offense, as tending to strengthen among the people the consciousness of their power and the desire to exercise it. In the circumstances at Ephesus the town clerk feared that he might himself be held responsible for the irregular gathering. See SCRIBE.

Trace

A — 1: παρακολουθέω
(Strong's #3877 — Verb — parakoloutheo — par-ak-ol-oo-theh'-o )

"to follow up," is used of investigating or "tracing" a course of events, Luke 1:3 , where the writer, humbly differentiating himself from those who possessed an essential apostolic qualification, declares that he "traced the course of all things" (RV) about which he was writing (AV, "having had ... understanding, etc."). See FOLLOW , No. 5.

B — 1: ἀνεξιχνίαστος
(Strong's #421 — Adjective — anexichniastos — an-ex-ikh-nee'-as-tos )

signifies "that cannot be traced out" (a, negative, ex, for ek, "out," ichnos, "a track"), is rendered "past tracing out" in Romans 11:33 , RV (AV, "past finding out"); in Ephesians 3:8 , "unsearchable." See FIND , Note (3), UNSEARCHABLE. In the Sept., Job 5:9 ; Job 9:10 ; Job 34:24 .

Trade

A — 1: ἐργάζομαι
(Strong's #2038 — Verb — ergazomai — er-gad'-zom-ahee )

"to work," is rendered "traded" in Matthew 25:16 ; in Revelation 18:17 , AV, "trade," RV, "gain their living." See COMMIT , DO , LABOR , B, Note (1), MINISTER , WORK.

A — 2: πραγματεύομαι
(Strong's #4231 — Verb — pragmateuomai — prag-mat-yoo'-om-ahee )

is rendered "trade ye" in Luke 19:13 , RV, which adds "herewith:" see OCCUPY.

A — 3: διαπραγματεύομαι
(Strong's #1281 — Verb — diapragmateuomai — dee-ap-rag-mat-yoo'-om-ahee )

"to accomplish by traffic, to gain by trading," occurs in Luke 19:15 .

A — 4: ἐμπορεύομαι
(Strong's #1710 — Verb — emporeuomai — em-por-yoo'-om-ahee )

is rendered "trade" in James 4:13 , RV: see BUY , Note, MERCHANDISE , B.

B — 1: τέχνη
(Strong's #5078 — Noun Feminine — techne — tekh'-nay )

"an art" (Eng., "technique," "technical"), is used in Acts 18:3 (2nd part) of a "trade," RV (AV, "occupation"). For the 1st part see Note below. See ART.

B — 2: μέρος
(Strong's #3313 — Noun Neuter — meros — mer'-os )

"a portion," is used of "a trade" in Acts 19:27 . See CRAFT , No. 5.

Note: For the adjective homotechnos, "of the same trade," Acts 18:3, 1 st part, RV, see CRAFT , No. 4.

Tradition

1: παράδοσις
(Strong's #3862 — Noun Feminine — paradosis — par-ad'-os-is )

"a handing down or on" (akin to paradidomi, "to hand over, deliver"), denotes "a tradition," and hence, by metonymy, (a) "the teachings of the rabbis," interpretations of the Law, which was thereby made void in practice, Matthew 15:2, 3, 6 ; Mark 7:3, 5, 8, 9, 13 ; Galatians 1:14 ; Colossians 2:8 ; (b) of "apostolic teaching," 1 Corinthians 11:2 , RV, "traditions" (AV, "ordinances"), of instructions concerning the gatherings of believers (instructions of wider scope than ordinances in the limited sense); in 2 Thessalonians 2:15 , of Christian doctrine in general, where the Apostle's use of the word constitutes a denial that what he preached originated with himself, and a claim for its Divine authority (cp. paralambano, "to receive," 1 Corinthians 11:23 ; 1 Corinthians 15:3 ); in 2 Thessalonians 3:6 , it is used of instructions concerning everyday conduct.

Train

* For TRAIN, Titus 2:4 , RV, see SOBER , B, No. 3

Traitor

1: προδότης
(Strong's #4273 — Noun Masculine — prodotes — prod-ot'-ace )

denotes "a betrayer, traitor;" the latter term is assigned to Judas, virtually as a title, in Luke 6:16 ; in 2 Timothy 3:4 it occurs in a list of evil characters, foretold as abounding in the last days. See BETRAY , B.

Trample

1: καταπατέω
(Strong's #2662 — Verb — katapateo — kat-ap-at-eh'-o )

"to tread down, trample under foot," is rendered "trample" in Matthew 7:6 . See TREAD , No. 2.

Trance

1: ἔκστασις
(Strong's #1611 — Noun Feminine — ekstasis — ek'-stas-is )

for which see AMAZE , A, No. 1, denotes "a trance" in Acts 10:10 ; Acts 11:5 ; Acts 22:17 , a condition in which ordinary consciousness and the perception of natural circumstances were withheld, and the soul was susceptible only to the vision imparted by God.

Tranquil

* For TRANQUIL, 1 Timothy 2:2 , RV, see QUIET , No. 1

Transfer

* For TRANSFER (in a figure) see FASHION , C, No. 1, and FIGURE, Note (2).

Transfigure

1: μεταμορφόω
(Strong's #3339 — Verb — metamorphoo — met-am-or-fo'-o )

"to change into another form" (meta, implying change, and morphe, "form:" see FORM , No. 1), is used in the Passive Voice (a) of Christ's "transfiguration," Matthew 17:2 ; Mark 9:2 ; Luke (in Luke 9:29 ) avoids this term, which might have suggested to gentile readers the metamorphoses of heathen gods, and uses the phrase egeneto heteron, "was altered," lit., "became (ginomai) different (heteros);" (b) of believers, Romans 12:2 , "be ye transformed," the obligation being to undergo a complete change which, under the power of God, will find expression in character and conduct; morphe lays stress on the inward change, schema (see the preceding verb in that verse, suschematizo) lays stress on the outward (see FASHION , No. 3, FORM, No. 2); the present continuous tenses indicate a process; 2 Corinthians 3:18 describes believers as being "transformed (RV) into the same image" (i.e., of Christ in all His moral excellencies), the change being effected by the Holy Spirit.

Transform

1: μεταμορφόω
(Strong's #3339 — Verb — metamorphoo — met-am-or-fo'-o )

is rendered "transformed" in Romans 12:2 : see TRANSFIGURE.

2: μετασχηματίζω
(Strong's #3345 — Verb — metaschematizo — met-askh-ay-mat-id'-zo )

in the Passive Voice is rendered "to be transformed" in the AV of 2 Corinthians 11:13, 14, 15 : see FASHION , C, No. 1.

Transgress, Transgression

A — 1: παραβαίνω
(Strong's #3845 — Verb — parabaino — par-ab-ah'ee-no )

lit., "to go aside" (para), hence "to go beyond," is chiefly used metaphorically of "transgressing" the tradition of the elders, Matthew 15:2 ; the commandment of God, Matthew 15:3 ; in Acts 1:25 , of Judas, AV, "by transgression fell" (RV, "fell away"); in 2 John 1:9 some texts have this verb (AV, "transgresseth"), the best have proago (see GO , No. 10).

A — 2: ὑπερβαίνω
(Strong's #5233 — Verb — huperbaino — hoop-er-bah'ee-no )

lit., "to go over" (huper), used metaphorically and rendered "transgress" in 1 Thessalonians 4:6 (AV, "go beyond"), i.e., of "overstepping" the limits separating chastity from licentiousness, sanctification from sin.

A — 3: παρέρχομαι
(Strong's #3928 — Verb — parerchomai — par-er'-khom-ahee )

"to come by" (para, "by," erchomai, "to come"), "pass over," and hence, metaphorically, "to transgress," is so used in Luke 15:29 . See COME , No. 9, PASS.

B — 1: παράβασις
(Strong's #3847 — Noun Feminine — parabasis — par-ab'-as-is )

akin to A, No. 1, primarily "a going aside," then, "an overstepping," is used metaphorically to denote "transgression" (always of a breach of law): (a) of Adam, Romans 5:14 ; (b) of Eve, 1 Timothy 2:14 ; (c) negatively, where there is no law, since "transgression" implies the violation of law, none having been enacted between Adam's "transgression" and those under the Law, Romans 4:15 ; (d) of "transgressions" of the Law, Galatians 3:19 , where the statement "it was added because of transgressions" is best understood according to Romans 4:15 ; Romans 5:13 ; Romans 5:20 ; the Law does not make men sinners, but makes them "transgressors;" hence sin becomes "exceeding sinful," Romans 7:7, 13 . Conscience thus had a standard external to itself; by the Law men are taught their inability to yield complete obedience to God, that thereby they may become convinced of their need of a Savior; in Romans 2:23 , RV, "transgression (of the Law)," AV, "breaking (the Law);" Hebrews 2:2 ; Hebrews 9:15 .

B — 2: παρανομία
(Strong's #3892 — Noun Feminine — paranomia — par-an-om-ee'-ah )

"lawbreaking" (para, "contrary to, nomos, "law"), is rendered "transgression" in 2 Peter 2:16 , RV (AV, "iniquity").

Note: In 1 John 3:4 (1st part), AV, poieo, "to do," with anomia, "lawlessness," is rendered "transgresseth ... the law" (RV, "doeth ... lawlessness"); in the 2nd part anomia alone is rendered "transgression of the law," AV (RV, "lawlessness").

Transgressor

1: παραβάτης
(Strong's #3848 — Noun Masculine — parabates — par-ab-at'-ace )

lit. and primarily, "one who stands beside," then, "one who oversteps the prescribed limit, a transgressor" (akin to parabaino, "to transgress," see above); so Romans 2:25 , RV (AV, "a breaker"); 2:27, RV , "a transgressor" (AV, "dost transgress"); Galatians 2:18 ; James 2:9, 11 .

Note: Hamartolos, "a sinner, one who misses the mark," is applicable to all men without distinction; parabates stresses the positive side of sin, and is applicable to those who received the Law.

2: ἄνομος
(Strong's #459 — Adjective — anomos — an'-om-os )

"without law" (a, negative), is translated "transgressors" in Luke 22:37 (in some texts, Mark 15:28 ), in a quotation from Isaiah 53:12 . See LAW , C, No. 3, LAWLESS, A.

Translate, Translation

A — 1: μεθίστημι
(Strong's #3179 — Verb — methistemi | methistano — meth-is'-tay-mee, -is-tan'-o )

"to change, remove" (meta, implying "change," histemi, "to cause to stand"), is rendered "hath translated" in Colossians 1:13 . See PUT , REMOVE , TURN (away).

A — 2: μετατίθημι
(Strong's #3346 — Verb — metatithemi — met-at-ith'-ay-mee )

"to transfer to another place" (meta, see above, tithemi, "to put"), is rendered "to translate" in Hebrews 11:5 (twice). See CARRY , CHANGE , REMOVE , TURN.

B — 1: μετάθεσις
(Strong's #3331 — Noun Feminine — metathesis — met-ath'-es-is )

"a change of position" (akin to A, No. 2), is rendered "translation" in Hebrews 11:5 . See CHANGE , REMOVING.

Transparent

* For TRANSPARENT, Revelation 21:21 , see DAWN , A, No. 2, Note

Trap

1: θήρα
(Strong's #2339 — Noun Feminine — thera — thay'-rah )

denotes "a hunting, chase," then, "a prey;" hence, figuratively, of "preparing destruction by a net or trap," Romans 11:9 .

Travail

A — 1: μόχθος
(Strong's #3449 — Noun Masculine — mochthos — mokh'-thos )

"labor, involving painful effort," is rendered "travail" in 2 Corinthians 11:27 , RV (AV, "painfulness"); in 1 Thessalonians 2:9 ; 2 Thessalonians 3:8 it stresses the toil involved in the work.

A — 2: ὠδίν
(Strong's #5604 — Noun Feminine — odin — o-deen' )

a birth pang, "travail pain," is used illustratively in 1 Thessalonians 5:3 of the calamities which are to come upon men at the beginning of the Day of the Lord; the figure used suggests the inevitableness of the catastrophe. See PAIN , No. 2, SORROW.

B — 1: ὠδίνω
(Strong's #5605 — Verb — odino — o-dee'-no )

akin to A, No. 2, is used negatively in Galatians 4:27 , "(thou) that travailest (not)," quoted from Isaiah 54:1 ; the Apostle applies the circumstances of Sarah and Hagar (which doubtless Isaiah was recalling) to show that, whereas the promise by grace had temporarily been replaced by the works of the Law (see Galatians 3:17 ), this was now reversed, and, in the fulfillment of the promise to Abraham, the number of those saved by the Gospel would far exceed those who owned allegiance to the Law. Isaiah 54 has primary reference to the future prosperity of Israel restored to God's favor, but frequently the principles underlying events recorded in the OT extend beyond their immediate application.

In Galatians 4:19 the Apostle uses it metaphorically of a second travailing on his part regarding the churches of Galatia; his first was for their deliverance from idolatry (Galatians 4:8 ), now it was for their deliverance from bondage to Judaism. There is no suggestion here of a second regeneration necessitated by defection. There is a hint of reproach, as if he was enquiring whether they had ever heard of a mother experiencing second birth pangs for her children.

In Revelation 12:2 the woman is figurative of Israel; the circumstances of her birth pangs are mentioned in Isaiah 66:7 (see also Micah 5:2, 3 ). Historically the natural order is reversed. The Man-child, Christ, was brought forth at His first advent; the travail is destined to take place in "the time of Jacob's trouble," the "great tribulation," Matthew 24:21 ; Revelation 7:14 . The object in Revelation 12:2 in referring to the birth of Christ is to connect Him with His earthly people Israel in their future time of trouble, from which the godly remnant, the nucleus of the restored nation, is to be delivered (Jeremiah 30:7 ).

B — 2: συνωδίνω
(Strong's #4944 — Verb — sunodino — soon-o-dee'-no )

"to be in travail together," is used metaphorically in Romans 8:22 , of the whole creation.

B — 3: τίκτω
(Strong's #5088 — Verb — tikto — tik'-to )

"to beget," is rendered "travail" in John 16:21 .

Travel

1: διέρχομαι
(Strong's #1330 — Verb — dierchomai — dee-er'-khom-ahee )

"to go or pass through," is translated "travelled" in Acts 11:19 . See COME , No. 5.

Note: For apodemeo, rendered "travelling" in Matthew 25:14 , AV, see GO , No. 27.

Travel, and Travel with

* For TRAVEL (companions in), Acts 19:29 , and TRAVEL WITH, 2 Corinthians 8:19 , see COMPANION , No. 1.

Tread, Trode, Trodden

1: πατέω
(Strong's #3961 — Verb — pateo — pat-eh'-o )

is used (a) intransitively and figuratively, of "treading" upon serpents, Luke 10:19 ; (b) transitively, of "treading" on, down or under, of the desecration of Jerusalem by its foes, Luke 21:24 ; Revelation 11:2 ; of the avenging, by the Lord in Person hereafter, of this descration and of the persecution of the Jews, in Divine retribution, metaphorically spoken of as the "treading" of the winepress of God's wrath, Revelation 14:20 ; Revelation 19:15 (cp. Isaiah 63:2, 3 ).

2: καταπατέω
(Strong's #2662 — Verb — katapateo — kat-ap-at-eh'-o )

"to tread down, trample under foot," is used (a) literally, Matthew 5:13 ; Matthew 7:6 ; Luke 8:5 ; Luke 12:1 ; (b) metaphorically, of "treading under foot" the Son of God, Hebrews 10:29 , i.e., turning away from Him, to indulge in willful sin.

Treading Out the Corn

* For TREADING out the corn, see THRESH

Treasure

1: θησαυρός
(Strong's #2344 — Noun Masculine — thesauros — thay-sow-ros' )

denotes (1) "a place of safe keeping" (possibly akin to tithemi, "to put"), (a) "a casket," Matthew 2:11 ; (b) "a storehouse," Matthew 13:52 ; used metaphorically of the heart, Matthew 12:35 , twice (RV, "out of his treasure"); Luke 6:45 ; (2) "a treasure," Matthew 6:19-21 ; Matthew 13:44 ; Luke 12:33, 34 ; Hebrews 11:26 ; "treasure" (in heaven or the heavens), Matthew 19:21 ; Mark 10:21 ; Luke 18:22 ; in these expressions (which are virtually equivalent to that in Matthew 6:1 , "with your Father which is in Heaven") the promise does not simply refer to the present life, but looks likewise to the hereafter; in 2 Corinthians 4:7 it is used of "the light of the knowledge of the glory of God in the face of Jesus Christ," descriptive of the Gospel, as deposited in the earthen vessels of the persons who proclaim it (cp. ver. 4); in Colossians 2:3 , of the wisdom and knowledge hidden in Christ.

2: γάζα
(Strong's #1047 — Noun Feminine — gaza — gad'-zah )

a Persian word, signifying "royal treasure," occurs in Acts 8:27 .

3: θησαυρίζω
(Strong's #2343 — Verb — thesaurizo — thay-sow-rid'-zo )

akin to A, No. 1, is used metaphorically in Romans 2:5 of "treasuring up wrath." See LAY , No. 17.

Treasurer

* For TREASURER see CHAMBER LAIN, Note

Treasury

1: γαζοφυλάκιον
(Strong's #1049 — Noun Neuter — gazophulakion — gad-zof-oo-lak'-ee-on )

from gaza, "a treasure," phulake, "a guard," is used by Josephus for a special room in the women's court in the Temple in which gold and silver bullion was kept. This seems to be referred to in John 8:20 ; in Mark 12:41 (twice),43; Luke 21:1 it is used of the trumpet-shaped or ram's-horn-shaped chests, into which the temple offerings of the people were cast. There were 13 chests, six for such gifts in general, seven for distinct purposes.

2: κορβανᾶς
(Strong's #2878 — Noun Masculine — korbanas — kor-ban', kor-ban-as' )

signifying "the place of gifts," denoted the Temple "treasury," Matthew 27:6 . See CORBAN.

Treated

* For TREATED, Acts 27:3 , RV, see ENTREAT (to deal with)

Treatise

1: λόγος
(Strong's #3056 — Noun Masculine — logos — log'-os )

"a word," denotes "a treatise or written narrative" in Acts 1:1 . See WORD.

Tree

1: δένδρον
(Strong's #1186 — Noun Neuter — dendron — den'-dron )

"a living, growing tree" (cp. Eng., "rhododendron," lit., "rose tree"), known by the fruit it produces, Matthew 12:33 ; Luke 6:44 ; certain qualities are mentioned in the NT; "a good tree," Matthew 7:17, 18 ; Matthew 12:33 ; Luke 6:43 ; "a corrupt tree" (ditto); in Jude 1:12 , metaphorically, of evil teachers, "autumn trees (AV, 'trees whose fruit withereth') without fruit, twice dead, plucked up by the roots," RV; in Luke 13:19 in some texts, "a great tree," AV (RV, "a tree"); for this and Matthew 13:32 see MUSTARD; in Luke 21:29 "the fig tree" is illustrative of Israel, "all the trees" indicating Gentile nations.

2: ξύλον
(Strong's #3586 — Noun Neuter — xulon — xoo'-lon )

"wood, a piece of wood, anything made of wood" (see STAFF , STOCKS), is used, with the rendering "tree," (a) in Luke 23:31 , where "the green tree" refers either to Christ, figuratively of all His living power and excellencies, or to the life of the Jewish people while still inhabiting their land, in contrast to "the dry," a figure fulfilled in the horrors of the Roman massacre and devastation in A.D. 70 (cp. the Lord's parable in Luke 13:6-9 ; see Ezekiel 20:47 , and cp. Ezekiel 21:3 ); (b) of "the cross," the tree being the stauros, the upright pale or stake to which Romans nailed those who were thus to be executed, Acts 5:30 ; Acts 10:39 ; Acts 13:29 ; Galatians 3:13 ; 1 Peter 2:24 ; (c) of "the tree of life," Revelation 2:7 ; Revelation 22:2 (twice),14,19, RV, AV, "book." See WOOD.

Tremble, Trembling

A — 1: τρέμω
(Strong's #5141 — Verb — tremo — trem'-o )

"to tremble, especially with fear," is used in Mark 5:33 ; Luke 8:47 (Acts 9:6 , in some mss.); 2 Peter 2:10 , RV, "they tremble (not)," AV, "they are (not) afraid."

A — 2: σείω
(Strong's #4579 — Verb — seio — si'-o )

"to move to and fro, shake," is rendered "will I make to tremble" in Hebrews 12:26 , RV (AV, "I shake"). See QUAKE , SHAKE.

Notes: (1) For phrisso in James 2:19 , AV, "tremble," see SHUDDER. (2) For the adjective entromos, "trembling," Acts 7:32 ; Acts 16:29 , RV, "trembling for fear," see QUAKE , No. 1. (3) The adjective emphobos, used with ginomai, "to become," is rendered "trembled" in Acts 24:25 (RV, "was terrified"); in Luke 24:5 , RV, "they were affrighted," AV, "they were afraid." See AFFRIGHTED , A.

B — 1: τρόμος
(Strong's #5156 — Noun Masculine — tromos — trom'-os )

"trembling" (akin to A, No. 1), occurs in Mark 16:8 , RV, "trembling (... had come upon them);" 1 Corinthians 2:3 ; 2 Corinthians 7:15 ; Ephesians 6:5 ; Philippians 2:12 .

Trench

1: χάραξ
(Strong's #5482 — Noun Masculine — charax — khar'-ax )

primarily "a pointed stake," hence, "a palisade or rampart," is rendered "trench" in Luke 19:43 , AV (RV, "bank," marg., "palisade"). In A.D. 70, Titus, the Roman general, surrounded Jerusalem with a palisaded mound (Tyndale, l.c., renders it "mound"). The Jews in one of their sorties destroyed this charax, after which Titus surrounded the city with a wall of masonry.

Trespass

A — 1: παράπτωμα
(Strong's #3900 — Noun Neuter — paraptoma — par-ap'-to-mah )

primarily "a false step, a blunder" (akin to parapipto, "to fall away," Hebrews 6:6 ), lit., "a fall beside," used ethically, denotes "a trespass," a deviation, from uprightness and truth, Matthew 6:14, 15 (twice); 18:35, in some mss.; Mark 11:25, 26 ; in Romans the RV substitutes "trespass" and "trespasses" for AV, "offense" and "offenses," Romans 4:25 , "for (i.e., because of) our trespasses;" Romans 5:15 (twice), where the trespass is that of Adam (in contrast to the free gift of righteousness, ver. 17, a contrast in the nature and the effects); Romans 5:16 , where "of many trespasses" expresses a contrast of quantity; the condemnation resulted from one "trespass," the free gift is "of (ek, expressing the origin, and throwing stress upon God's justifying grace in Christ) many trespasses;" Romans 5:17 , introducing contrast between legal effects and those of Divine grace; Romans 5:18 , where the RV, "through one trepass," is contrasted with "one act of righteousness;" this is important, the difference is not between one man's "trespass" and Christ's righteousness (as AV), but between two acts, that of Adam's "trespass" and the vicarious death of Christ; Romans 5:20 [(cp. TRANSGRESSION, B, No. 1 (d)]; in 2 Corinthians 5:19 , AV and RV, "trespasses;" in Ephesians 1:7 , RV, "trespasses" (AV, "sins"); in Ephesians 2:1 , RV, "(dead through your) trespasses," AV, "(dead in) trespasses;" Ephesians 2:5 , RV, "(dead through our) trespasses," AV, "(dead in) sins;" so Colossians 2:13 (1st part); in the 2nd part, AV and RV, "trespasses."

In Galatians 6:1 , RV, "(in any) trespass" (AV, "fault"), the reference is to "the works of the flesh" (Galatians 5:19 ), and the thought is that of the believer's being found off his guard, the "trespass" taking advantage of him; in James 5:16 , AV, "faults" (RV, "sins" translates the word hamartias, which is found in the best texts), auricular confession to a priest is not in view here or anywhere else in Scripture; the command is comprehensive, and speaks either of the acknowledgement of sin where one has wronged another, or of the unburdening of a troubled conscience to a godly brother whose prayers will be efficacious, or of open confession before the church.

In Romans 11:11, 12 , the word is used of Israel's "fall," i.e., their deviation from obedience to God and from the fulfillment of His will (to be distinguished from the verb ptaio, "fall," in the 1st part of ver. 11, which indicates the impossibility of recovery). See FALL , A, No. 2.

B — 1: ἁμαρτάνω
(Strong's #264 — Verb — hamartano — ham-ar-tan'-o )

"to sin," is translated "to trespass," in the AV of Matthew 18:15 ; Luke 17:3, 4 (RV, "to sin").

Note: For the different meanings of words describing sin, see SIN. Paraptoma, and hamartema ("a sinful deed") are closely associated, with regard to their primary meanings: parabasis seems to be a stronger term, as the breach of a known law (see TRANSGRESSION).

Trial

1: δοκιμή
(Strong's #1382 — Noun Feminine — dokime — dok-ee-may' )

for which see EXPERIENCE , No. 2, is rendered "trial" in 2 Corinthians 8:2 , AV (RV, "proof").

2: πεῖρα
(Strong's #3984 — Noun Feminine — peira — pi'-rah )

"a making trial, an experiment," is used with lambano, "to receive or take," in Hebrews 11:29 , rendered "assaying," and Hebrews 11:36 , in the sense of "having experience of" (akin to peirao, "to assay, to try"), "had trial." In the Sept., Deuteronomy 28:56 .

3: πειρασμός
(Strong's #3986 — Noun Masculine — peirasmos — pi-ras-mos' )

akin to No. 2, is rendered "trials" in Acts 20:19 , RV. See TEMPTATION.

4: πύρωσις
(Strong's #4451 — Noun Feminine — purosis — poo'-ro-sis )

akin to puroo, "to set on fire," signifies (a) "a burning;" (b) "a refining," metaphorically in 1 Peter 4:12 , "fiery trial," or rather "trial by fire," referring to the refining of gold (1 Peter 1:7 ). See BURNING.

Note: For dokimion, rendered "trial" in 1 Peter 1:7 , AV, see PROOF , No. 2.

Tribe

1: φυλή
(Strong's #5443 — Noun Feminine — phule — foo-lay' )

"a company of people united by kinship or habitation, a clan, tribe," is used (a) of the peoples of the earth, Matthew 24:30 ; in the following the RV has "tribe(-s)" for AV, "kindred(-s)," Revelation 1:7 ; Revelation 5:9 ; Revelation 7:9 ; Revelation 11:9 ; Revelation 13:7 ; Revelation 14:6 (b) of the "tribes" of Israel, Matthew 19:28 ; Luke 2:36 ; Luke 22:30 ; Acts 13:21 ; Romans 11:1 ; Philippians 3:5 ; Hebrews 7:13, 14 ; James 1:1 ; Revelation 5:5 ; Revelation 7:4-8 ; Revelation 21:12 .

2: δωδεκάφυλον
(Strong's #1429 — Noun Neuter — dodekaphulos — do-dek-af'-oo-lon )

an adjective signifying "of twelve tribes" (dodeka, "twelve," and No. 1), used as a noun in the neuter, occurs in Acts 26:7 .

Tribulation

1: θλῖψις
(Strong's #2347 — Noun Feminine — thlipsis — thlip'-sis )

for which see AFFLICATION, B, No. 4, is translated "tribulation" in the RV (for AV, "affiction") in Mark 4:17 ; Mark 13:19 ; plural in 2 Thessalonians 1:4 , AV, "tribulations," RV, "afflictions;" in Acts 14:22 "many tribulations" (AV, "much tribulation"); in Matthew 24:9 , "unto tribulation" (AV, "to be afflicted"); in 2 Corinthians 1:4 ; 2 Corinthians 7:4 ; 2 Thessalonians 1:6 , AV, "tribulation" for RV, "affliction;" RV and AV, "tribulation(-s)," e.g., in Romans 2:9 ; Romans 5:3 (twice); 8:35; 12:12; Ephesians 3:13 ; Revelation 1:9 ; Revelation 2:9, 10, 22 .

In Revelation 7:14 , "the great tribulation," RV, lit., "the tribulation, the great one" (not as AV, without the article), is not that in which all saints share; it indicates a definite period spoken of by the Lord in Matthew 24:21, 29 ; Mark 13:19, 24 , where the time is mentioned as preceding His second advent, and as a period in which the Jewish nation, restored to Palestine in unbelief by gentile instrumentality, will suffer an unprecedented outburst of fury on the part of the antichristian powers confederate under the Man of Sin (2 Thessalonians 2:10-12 ; cp. Revelation 12:13-17 ); in this tribulation Gentile witnesses for God will share (Revelation 7:9 ), but it will be distinctly "the time of Jacob's trouble" (Jeremiah 30:7 ); its beginning is signalized by the setting up of the "abomination of desolation" (Matthew 24:15 ; Mark 13:14 , with Daniel 11:31 ; Daniel 12:11 ).

Note: For the verb thlibo, in the Passive Voice rendered "suffer tribulation" in 1 Thessalonians 3:4 , AV (RV, "suffer affliction"), see AFFLICT , No. 4.

Tribute

1: φόρος
(Strong's #5411 — Noun Masculine — phoros — for'-os )

akin to phero, "to bring," denotes "tribute" paid by a subjugated nation, Luke 20:22 ; Luke 23:2 ; Romans 13:6, 7 .

2: κῆνσος
(Strong's #2778 — Noun Masculine — kensos — kane'-sos )

Lat. and Eng., "census," denotes "a poll tax," Matthew 17:25 ; Matthew 22:17, 19 ; Mark 12:14 .

3: δίδραχμον
(Strong's #1323 — Noun Neuter — didrachmon — did'-rakh-mon )

"the half-shekel," is rendered "tribute" in Matthew 17:24 (twice): see SHEKEL , No. 2.

Trim

1: κοσμέω
(Strong's #2885 — Verb — kosmeo — kos-meh'-o )

"to arrange, adorn," is used of "trimming" lamps, Matthew 25:7 . See ADORN , GARNISH.

Triumph

1: θριαμβεύω
(Strong's #2358 — Verb — thriambeuo — three-am-byoo'-o )

denotes (a) "to lead in triumph," used of a conqueror with reference to the vanquished, 2 Corinthians 2:14 . Theodoret paraphrases it "He leads us about here and there and displays us to all the world." This is in agreement with evidences from various sources. Those who are led are not captives exposed to humiliation, but are displayed as the glory and devoted subjects of Him who leads (see the context). This is so even if there is a reference to a Roman "triumph." On such occasions the general's sons, with various officers, rode behind his chariot (Livy, xlv. 40). But there is no necessary reference here to a Roman "triumph" (Field, in Notes on the Trans. of the NT). The main thought is that of the display, "in Christ" being the sphere; its evidences are the effects of gospel testimony.

In Colossians 2:15 the circumstances and subjects are quite different, and relate to Christ's victory over spiritual foes at the time of His death; accordingly the reference may be to the triumphant display of the defeated.

Trode

* For TRODE see TREAD

Trouble

A — 1: θλῖψις
(Strong's #2347 — Noun Feminine — thlipsis — thlip'-sis )

for which see AFFLICTION , No. 4, and TRIBULATION, is rendered "trouble" in the AV of 1 Corinthians 7:28 (RV, "tribulation"); 2 Corinthians 1:4 (2nd clause),8 (RV, "affliction").

Note: In some mss. tarache, "an agitation, disturbance, trouble," is found in Mark 13:8 (plur.); John 5:4 (RV omits).

B — 1: ταράσσω
(Strong's #5015 — Verb — tarasso — tar-as'-so )

akin to tarache (A, Note), is used (1) in a physical sense, John 5:7 (in some mss. ver. 4), (2) metaphorically, (a) of the soul and spirit of the Lord, John 11:33 , where the true rendering is "He troubled Himself;" (b) of the hearts of disciples, John 14:1, 27 ; (c) of the minds of those in fear or perplexity, Matthew 2:3 ; Matthew 14:26 ; Mark 6:50 ; Luke 1:12 ; Luke 24:38 ; 1 Peter 3:14 ; (d) of subverting the souls of believers, by evil doctrine, Acts 15:24 ; Galatians 1:7 ; Galatians 5:10 ; (e) of stirring up a crowd, Acts 17:8 ; Acts 17:13 in the best texts, "troubling (the multitudes)," RV.

B — 2: διαταράσσω
(Strong's #1298 — Verb — diatarasso — dee-at-ar-as'-so )

"to agitate greatly" (dia, "throughout," and No. 1), is used of the Virgin Mary, Luke 1:29 .

B — 3: ἐκταράσσω
(Strong's #1613 — Verb — ektarasso — ek-tar-as'-so )

"to throw into great trouble, agitate," is used in Acts 16:20 , "do exceedingly trouble (our city)." In the Sept., Psalms 18:4 ; Psalms 88:16 .

B — 4: θλίβω
(Strong's #2346 — Verb — thlibo — thlee'-bo )

"to afflict," is rendered "to trouble" in the AV, e.g., 2 Corinthians 4:8 (RV, "pressed"); 7:5, but never in the RV: see AFFLICT , No. 4, PRESS, STRAITENED, TRIBULATION.

B — 5: ἐνοχλέω
(Strong's #1776 — Verb — enochleo — en-okh-leh'-o )

from en, "in," ochlos, "a throng, crowd," is used in Hebrews 12:15 of a root of bitterness; in Luke 6:18 (in the best texts; some have ochleo), RV, "were troubled" (AV, "were vexed").

B — 6: παρενοχλέω
(Strong's #3926 — Verb — parenochleo — par-en-okh-leh'-o )

"to annoy concerning anything" (para, and No. 5), occurs in Acts 15:19 , "we trouble (not them)."

B — 7: σκύλλω
(Strong's #4660 — Verb — skullo — skool'-lo )

primarily "to flay," hence, "to vex, annoy" ("there was a time when the Greek, in thus speaking, compared his trouble to the pains of flaying alive," Moulton, Proleg., p. 89), is used in the Active Voice in Mark 5:35 ; Luke 8:49 ; in the Passive Voice, Matthew 9:36 , in the best texts, RV, "they were distressed" (some have ekluo, AV, "they fainted"); in the Middle Voice, Luke 7:6 , "trouble (not thyself)." The word is frequent in the papyri.

B — 8: ἀναστατόω
(Strong's #387 — Verb — anastatoo — an-as-tat-o'-o )

is rendered "trouble" in Galatians 5:12 , AV: see STIR , No. 12, TURN, No. 15, UPROAR.

B — 9: θορυβέω
(Strong's #2350 — Verb — thorubeo — thor-oo-beh'-o )

akin to thorubos, "a tumult," in the Middle Voice, "to make an uproar," is rendered "trouble not yourselves" in Acts 20:10 , AV. See ADO , TUMULT.

B — 10: θροέω
(Strong's #2360 — Verb — throeo — thro-eh'-o )

"to make an outcry" (throos, "a tumult"), is used in the Passive Voice, Matthew 24:6 ; Mark 13:7 ; Luke 24:37 ; 2 Thessalonians 2:2 . In the Sept., Song of Song of Solomon 5:4 .

B — 11: θόρυβος
(Strong's #2351 — Noun Masculine — thorubazo — thor'-oo-bos )

"to disturb, to trouble" (akin to No. 9), is used in Luke 10:41 , in the best texts (in some, turbazo, with the same meaning).

B — 12: ἀδημονέω
(Strong's #85 — Verb — ademoneo — ad-ay-mon-eh'-o )

"to be much troubled, distressed" (perhaps from a, negative, and demon, "knowing," the compound therefore originally suggesting bewilderment), is translated "sore troubled" in Matthew 26:37 ; Mark 14:33 , RV (AV, "very heavy"); so the RV in Philippians 2:26 (AV, "full of heaviness"); Lightfoot renders it "distressed," a meaning borne out in the papyri. See HEAVY.

B — 13: διαπονέομαι
(Strong's #1278 — Verb — diaponeo — dee-ap-on-eh'-o )

denotes "to work out with toil," hence, "to be sore troubled;" so the RV in Acts 4:2 ; Acts 16:18 (AV, "grieved"); Mark 14:4 in some texts.

Notes: (1) The noun kopos, "a striking, beating," then, "laborious toil, trouble," used with parecho, "to furnish, to supply," is rendered "to trouble" (lit., "to give trouble to"), in Matthew 26:10 ; Mark 14:6 ; Luke 11:7 ; Luke 18:5 ; Galatians 6:17 ; the meaning is to embarrass a person by distracting his attention, or to give occasion for anxiety. In the last passage the Apostle expresses his determination not to allow the Judaizing teachers to distract him any further. See LABOR , A, No. 1. (2) For "suffer trouble" in 2 Timothy 2:9 , see HARDSHIP.

Trow

* Note: Some mss. have dokeo, "to think," in Luke 17:9 , AV, "I trow (not)."

Truce Breakers

* For TRUCE BREAKERS see IMPLACABLE

True, Truly, Truth

A — 1: ἀληθής
(Strong's #227 — Adjective — alethes — al-ay-thace' )

primarily, "unconcealed, manifest" (a, negative, letho, "to forget," = lanthano, "to escape notice"), hence, actual, "true to fact," is used (a) of persons, "truthful," Matthew 22:16 ; Mark 12:14 ; John 3:33 ; John 7:18 ; John 8:26 ; Romans 3:4 ; 2 Corinthians 6:8 ; (b) of things, "true," conforming to reality, John 4:18 , "truly," lit., "true;" John 5:31, 32 ; in the best texts, John 6:55 (twice), "indeed;" John 8:13, 14 (ver. 16 in some texts: see No. 2),17; 10:41; 19:35; 21:24; Acts 12:9 ; Philippians 4:8 ; Titus 1:13 ; 1 Peter 5:12 ; 2 Peter 2:22 ; 1 John 2:8, 27 ; 3 John 1:12 .

A — 2: ἀληθινός
(Strong's #228 — Adjective — alethinos — al-ay-thee-nos' )

akin to No. 1, denotes "true" in the sense of "real, ideal, genuine;" it is used (a) of God, John 7:28 (cp. No. 1 in 7:18, above); 17:3; 1 Thessalonians 1:9 ; Revelation 6:10 ; these declare that God fulfills the meaning of His Name; He is "very God," in distinction from all other gods, false gods (alethes, see John 3:33 in No. 1, signifies that He is veracious, "true" to His utterances, He cannot lie); (b) of Christ, John 1:9 ; John 6:32 ; John 15:1 ; 1 John 2:8 ; 1 John 5:20 (thrice); Revelation 3:7, 14 ; Revelation 19:11 ; His judgment, John 8:16 (in the best texts, instead of No. 1); (c) God's words, John 4:37 ; Revelation 19:9 ; Revelation 21:5 ; Revelation 22:6 ; the last three are equivalent to No. 1; (d) His ways, Revelation 15:3 ; (e) His judgments, Revelation 16:7 ; Revelation 19:2 ; (f) His riches, Luke 16:11 ; (g) His worshipers, John 4:23 ; (h) their hearts, Hebrews 10:22 ; (i) the witness of the Apostle John, John 19:35 ; (j) the spiritual, antitypical tabernacle, Hebrews 8:2 ; Hebrews 9:24 , not that the wilderness tabernacle was false, but that it was a weak and earthly copy of the heavenly.

Note: "Alethinos is related to alethes as form to contents or substances; alethes denotes the reality of the thing, alethinos defines the relation of the conception to the thing to which it corresponds = genuine" (Cremer).

A — 3: γνήσιος
(Strong's #1103 — Adjective — gnesios — gnay'-see-os )

primarily "lawfully begotten" (akin to ginomai, "to become"), hence, "true, genuine, sincere," is used in the Apostle's exhortation to his "true yoke-fellow" in Philippians 4:3 . See OWN , SINCERITY.

Note: In the AV of 2 Corinthians 1:18 ; 1 Timothy 3:1 , pistos, "faithful" (RV), is translated "true."

B — 1: ἀληθεύω
(Strong's #226 — Verb — aletheuo — al-ayth-yoo'-o )

signifies "to deal faithfully or truly with anyone" (cp. Genesis 42:16 , Sept., "whether ye deal truly or no"), Ephesians 4:15 , "speaking the truth;" Galatians 3:16 , "I tell (you) the truth," where probably the Apostle is referring to the contents of his epistle.

C — 1: ἀλήθεια
(Strong's #225 — Noun Feminine — aletheia — al-ay'-thi-a )

"truth," is used (a) objectively, signifying "the reality lying at the basis of an appearance; the manifested, veritable essence of a matter" (Cremer), e.g., Romans 9:1 ; 2 Corinthians 11:10 ; especially of Christian doctrine, e.g., Galatians 2:5 , where "the truth of the Gospel" denotes the "true" teaching of the Gospel, in contrast to perversions of it; Romans 1:25 , where "the truth of God" may be "the truth concerning God" or "God whose existence is a verity;" but in Romans 15:8 "the truth of God" is indicative of His faithfulness in the fulfillment of His promises as exhibited in Christ; the word has an absolute force in John 14:6 ; John 17:17 ; John 18:37, 38 ; in Ephesians 4:21 , where the RV, "even as truth is in Jesus," gives the correct rendering, the meaning is not merely ethical "truth," but "truth" in all its fullness and scope, as embodied in Him; He was the perfect expression of the truth; this is virtually equivalent to His statement in John 14:6 ; (b) subjectively, "truthfulness," "truth," not merely verbal, but sincerity and integrity of character, John 8:44 ; 3 John 1:3 , RV; (c) in phrases, e.g., "in truth" (epi, "on the basis of"), Mark 12:14 ; Luke 20:21 ; with en, "in," 2 Corinthians 6:7 ; Colossians 1:6 ; 1 Timothy 2:7 , RV (AV, "in ... verity"); 1 John 3:18 ; 2 John 1:1, 3, 4 .

Note: In Matthew 15:27 , AV, nai, "yea" (RV), is translated "truth."

D — 1: ἀληθῶς
(Strong's #230 — Adverb — alethos — al-ay-thoce' )

"truly, surely," is rendered "of a truth" in Matthew 14:33 ; Matthew 26:73 ; Mark 14:70 , R.V, (AV, "surely"); Luke 9:27 ; Luke 12:44 ; Luke 21:3 ; John 6:14 ; John 7:40 ; John 17:8 , RV, "of a truth" (AV, "surely"); Acts 12:11 , RV (AV, "of a surety"); "in truth," 1 Thessalonians 2:13 ; "truly," Matthew 27:54 ; Mark 15:39 . See INDEED , No. 3.

D — 2: γνησίως
(Strong's #1104 — Adverb — gnesios — gnay-see'-oce )

"sincerely, honorably" (akin to A, No. 3), is rendered "truly" (marg., "genuinely") in Phil, 2:20 (AV, "naturally").

Notes: (1) The particles ara, men, and de are sometimes rendered "truly" in the AV, but are differently rendered in the RV. (2) In 1 Corinthians 14:25 , AV, ontos (RV, "indeed") is rendered "of a truth." See CERTAIN , C, No. 1, INDEED, No. 4. (3) In John 20:30 , AV, the particle oun, therefore (RV), is rendered "truly."

Trump, Trumpet

A — 1: σάλπιγξ
(Strong's #4536 — Noun Feminine — salpinx — sal'-pinx )

is used (1) of the natural instrument, 1 Corinthians 14:8 ; (2) of the supernatural accompaniment of Divine interpositions, (a) at Sinai, Hebrews 12:19 ; (b) of the acts of angels at the Second Advent of Christ, Matthew 24:31 ; (c) of their acts in the period of Divine judgments preceding this, Revelation 8:2, 6, 13 ; Revelation 9:14 ; (d) of a summons to John to the presence of God, Revelation 1:10 ; Revelation 4:1 ; (e) of the act of the Lord in raising from the dead the saints who have fallen asleep and changing the bodies of those who are living, at the Rapture of all to meet Him in the air, 1 Corinthians 15:52 , where "the last trump" is a military allusion, familiar to Greek readers, and has no connection with the series in Revelation 8:6 to 11:15; there is a possible allusion to Numbers 10:2-6 , with reference to the same event, 1 Thessalonians 4:16 , "the (lit., a) trump of God" (the absence of the article suggests the meaning "a trumpet such as is used in God's service").

B — 1: σαλπίζω
(Strong's #4537 — Verb — salpizo — sal-pid'-zo )

"to sound a trumpet," Matthew 6:2 ; as in (2) (c) above, Revelation 8:6-8, 10, 12, 13 ; Revelation 9:1, 13 ; Revelation 10:7 ; Revelation 11:15 ; as in (2) (e) 1 Corinthians 15:52 .

Trumpeter

1: σαλπιστής
(Strong's #4538 — Noun Masculine — salpistes — sal-pis-tace' )

occurs in Revelation 18:22 .

Trust

A — 1: πεποίθησις
(Strong's #4006 — Noun Feminine — pepoithesis — pep-oy'-thay-sis )

is rendered "trust" in 2 Corinthians 3:4 , AV; see CONFIDENCE , No. 1.

B — 1: πείθω
(Strong's #3982 — Verb — peitho — pi'-tho )

intransitively, in the perfect and pluperfect Active, "to have confidence, trust," is rendered "to trust" in Matthew 27:43 ; Mark 10:24 ; Luke 11:22 ; Luke 18:9 ; 2 Corinthians 1:9 ; 2 Corinthians 10:7 ; Phil, 2:24; 3:4, AV (RV, "to have confidence"); Hebrews 2:13 ; in the present Middle, Hebrews 13:18 , AV (RV, "are persuaded"). See AGREE , No. 5, PERSUADE.

B — 2: πιστεύω
(Strong's #4100 — Verb — pisteuo — pist-yoo'-o )

"to entrust," or, in the Passive Voice, "to be entrusted with," is rendered "to commit to one's trust," in Luke 16:11 ; 1 Timothy 1:11 ; "to be put in trust with," 1 Thessalonians 2:4 , AV (RV, "to be intrusted").

Note: Wherever elpizo, "to hope," is translated "to trust" in the AV, the RV substitutes "to hope." So proelpizo, "to hope before." See HOPE.

Truth

* For TRUTH see TRUE

Try, Tried

1: δοκιμάζω
(Strong's #1381 — Verb — dokimazo — dok-im-ad'-zo )

is rendered "to try" in the AV in 1 Corinthians 3:13 ; 1 Thessalonians 2:4 ; 1 Peter 1:7 ; 1 John 4:1 : see PROVE , No. 1.

2: πειράζω
(Strong's #3985 — Verb — peirazo — pi-rad'-zo )

is rendered "to try" in Hebrews 11:17 ; Revelation 2:2, 10 ; Revelation 3:10 . In Acts 16:7 it is rendered "assayed;" in Acts 24:6 , RV, "assayed" (AV, "hath gone about"): see GO , Note (2) (b). See EXAMINE , PROVE , TEMPT. Cp. peirao in Acts 26:21 , RV, "assayed" (AV, "went about"); see GO , Note (2) (c).

Notes: (1) In Revelation 3:18 , AV, puroo, in the Passive Voice, "to be purified by fire" (RV, "refined"), is rendered "tried." (2) For dokimion, James 1:3 , AV, "trying," see PROOF. (3) For dokimos, James 1:12 , AV, "tried," see APPROVED. (4) In 1 Peter 4:12 , AV, the phrase pros peirasmon, lit., "for trial," i.e., "for testing," is rendered "to try (you)," RV, "to prove (you)."

Tumult

1: ἀκαταστασία
(Strong's #181 — Noun Feminine — akatastasia — ak-at-as-tah-see'-ah )

is rendered "tumults" in Luke 21:9 , RV; 2 Corinthians 6:5 ; 2 Corinthians 12:20 . See CONFOUND , A, No. 1.

2: θόρυβος
(Strong's #2351 — Noun Masculine — thorubos — thor'-oo-bos )

"a noise, uproar, tumult," is rendered "tumult" in Matthew 27:24 ; Mark 5:38 ; in Matthew 26:5 , RV (AV, "uproar"), so in Mark 14:2 ; in Acts 20:1 , "uproar," AV and RV; in Acts 24:18 , "tumult;" in Acts 21:34 , AV, "tumult" (RV, "uproar").

Note: For thorubeo, RV, "to make a tumult," see NOISE , Note (2).

Turn

1: στρέφω
(Strong's #4762 — Verb — strepho — stref'-o )

denotes (1) in the Active Voice, (a) "to turn" (something), Matthew 5:39 ; (b) "to bring back," Matthew 27:3 (in the best texts; some have No. 2); (c) reflexively, "to turn oneself, to turn the back to people," said of God, Acts 7:42 ; (d) "to turn one thing into another," Revelation 11:6 (the only place where this word occurs after the Acts); (2) in the Passive Voice, (a) used reflexively, "to turn oneself," e.g. Matthew 7:6 ; John 20:14, 16 ; (b) metaphorically, Matthew 18:3 , RV, "(except) ye turn" (AV, "... be converted"); John 12:40 (in the best texts; some have No. 4). See CONVERT , A, No. 1.

2: ἀποστρέφω
(Strong's #654 — Verb — apostrepho — ap-os-tref'-o )

denotes (a) "to cause to turn away (apo), to remove," Romans 11:26 ; 2 Timothy 4:4 (1st clause); metaphorically, "to turn away from allegiance, pervert," Luke 23:14 ; (b) "to make to return, put back," Matthew 26:52 ; (c) in the Passive Voice, used reflexively, "to turn onself away from," Matthew 5:42 ; 2 Timothy 1:15 ; Titus 1:14 ; Hebrews 12:25 ; in the Active Voice, Acts 3:26 . See PERVERT , PUT.

3: διαστρέφω
(Strong's #1294 — Verb — diastrepho — dee-as-tref'-o )

"to distort" (dia, "asunder"), is rendered "to turn aside," RV (AV, "... away"), in Acts 13:8 . See PERVERT , No. 2.

4: ἐπιστρέφω
(Strong's #1994 — Verb — epistrepho — ep-ee-stref'-o )

is used (a) transitively, "to make to turn towards" (epi) Luke 1:16, 17 ; James 5:19, 20 (to convert); (b) intransitively, "to turn oneself round," e.g., in the Passive Voice, Mark 5:30 (see RETURN); in the Active Voice, Matthew 13:15 , RV , "turn again" (AV, "be converted"); Acts 11:21 ; Acts 14:15 ; Acts 15:19 ; 1 Thessalonians 1:9 , "ye turned," the aorist tense indicating an immediate and decisive change, consequent upon a deliberate choice; conversion is a voluntary act in response to the presentation of truth. See CONVERT.

5: μεταστρέφω
(Strong's #3344 — Verb — metastrepho — met-as-tref'-o )

signifies, in the Passive Voice, "to be turned" (of a change into something different, meta) in Acts 2:20 ; James 4:9 : see PERVERT , No. 3.

6: ὑποστρέφω
(Strong's #5290 — Verb — hupostrepho — hoop-os-tref'-o )

is used intransitively of "turning back, behind" (hupo), e.g., Luke 17:15 , "turned back;" in Luke 2:45 , RV, "returned:" see RETURN.

7: ἀποβαίνω
(Strong's #576 — Verb — apobaino — ap-ob-ah'ee-no )

"to go from," is used metaphorically of events, "to issue, turn out," Luke 21:13 ; Philippians 1:19 . See GO , No. 21.

8: μετάγω
(Strong's #3329 — Verb — metago — met-ag'-o )

"to move from one side to another," is rendered "to turn about" in James 3:3, 4 .

9: μετατίθημι
(Strong's #3346 — Verb — metatithemi — met-at-ith'-ay-mee )

"to change," is translated "turning (the grace of God)" in Jude 1:4 . See CARRY , CHANGE , REMOVE , TRANSLATE.

10: ἀνακάμπτω
(Strong's #344 — Verb — anakampto — an-ak-amp'-to )

ana, "back," kampto, "to bend," is rendered "shall turn ... again," in Luke 10:6 . See RETURN.

11: ἐκτρέπω
(Strong's #1624 — Verb — ektrepo — ek-trep'-o )

"to cause to turn aside" (ek, "from," trepo, "to turn"), is used in the Passive Voice, with Middle sense, in 1 Timothy 1:6 ; 1 Timothy 5:15 ; 1 Timothy 6:20 , RV, "turning away" (AV, "avoiding"); 2 Timothy 4:4 (2nd clause); Hebrews 12:13 , "be (not) turned out of the way" (RV, marg., "put out of joint"); some adhere to the meaning "to turn aside, go astray;" the interpretation depends on the antithesis which follows, "but rather be healed" (RV), which is not the antithesis to "turning aside" or being "turned" out of the way; accordingly the marg. is to be preferred (the verb is often used medically). In the Sept., Amos 5:8 .

12: ἀποτρέπω
(Strong's #665 — Verb — apotrepo — ap-ot-rep'-o )

"to cause to turn away" (apo), is used in the Middle Voice in 2 Timothy 3:5 .

13: περιτρέπω
(Strong's #4062 — Verb — peritrepo — per-ee-trep'-o )

"to turn about" (peri), is rendered "doth turn (thee to madness)" in Acts 26:24 , RV, AV, "doth make (thee mad)."

14: μεθίστημι
(Strong's #3179 — Verb — methistemi — meth-is'-tay-mee, -is-tan'-o )

is used metaphorically in Acts 19:26 , "turned away (much people)." See PUT , REMOVE , TRANSLATE.

15: ἀναστατόω
(Strong's #387 — Verb — anastatoo — an-as-tat-o'-o )

"to stir up, excite, unsettle" (ana, "up," histemi, "to cause to stand"), is rendered "have turned (the world) upside down" in Acts 17:6 . See TROUBLE , UPROAR.

16: γίνομαι
(Strong's #1096 — Verb — ginomai — ghin'-om-ahee )

"to become," is rendered "shall be turned" in John 16:20 (of sorrow into joy).

17: ἐκκλίνω
(Strong's #1578 — Verb — ekklino — ek-klee'-no )

"to turn aside" (ek, "from," klino, "to lean"), is rendered "have ... turned aside" in Romans 3:12 (AV, "are ... gone out of the way"); Romans 16:17 , RV, "turn away" (AV, "avoid"); 1 Peter 3:11 ; RV, ditto (AV, "eschew").

18: διαδέχομαι
(Strong's #1237 — Verb — diadechomai — dee-ad-ekh'-om-ahee )

"to receive through another, to receive in turn" (dia, "through," dechomai, "to receive"), occurs in Acts 7:45 , RV, "in their turn ... when they entered" (AV, "that came after"); the meaning here is "having received (it) after," i.e., as from Moses under Joshua's leadership. In the papyri the word is used similarily of visiting as deputy (see also Field, Notes on the Trans. of the NT, 116).

Notes: (1) In Matthew 2:22 , AV, anachoero, "to retire, withdraw," is rendered "turned aside" (RV, "withdrew"). (2) For "turned to flight," klino, Hebrews 11:34 , see FLIGHT , B. (3) For the phrase "by turn" in 1 Corinthians 14:27 see COURSE , B, Note (3).

Turning

1: τροπή
(Strong's #5157 — Noun Feminine — trope — trop-ay' )

used especially of the revolution of the heavenly orbs (akin to trepo, "to turn"), occurs in James 1:17 , "(neither shadow) that is cast by turning," RV (AV, "of turning"). For a more detailed treatment of the passage, see SHADOW , No. 2.

Turtledove

* For TURTLEDOVE see DOVE

Tutor

* For TUTOR see GUARDIAN and INSTRUCTOR, No. 1.

Twain, Two

1: δύο
(Strong's #1417 — Noun — duo — doo'-o )

is rendered "twain" in Matthew 5:41 ; Matthew 19:5, 6 ; Matthew 21:31 ; Matthew 27:21, 51 ; Mark 10:8 (twice); 15:38; in 1 Corinthians 6:16 ; Ephesians 5:31 , RV (AV, "two"); Ephesians 2:15 ; in Revelation 19:20 , RV (AV, "both").

Notes: (1) In the following phrases the numeral is used distributively: (a) ana duo, "two apiece," John 2:6 (in some mss., Luke 9:3 ); in Luke 10:1 , "two and two" ("by twos"); (b) kata duo, "by two," 1 Corinthians 14:27 ; (c) duo duo, "by two and two," lit., "two (and) two," Mark 6:7 (not a Hebraism; the form of expression is used in the papyri); (d) eis duo, "into two," in twain," Matthew 27:51 ; Mark 15:38 (see above). (2) In Luke 17:34 duo stands for "two men;" in Luke 17:35 for "two women."