Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon

הַיָּה² — הרר

הַיָּה²

† [הַיָּה] n.f. only הַיָּתִי Jb 6:2 Kt v. הַוָּה.

הֵיךְ

† הֵיךְ adv. how? (היך, ܗܝܟ, id., in Palest. Aramaic, as Jb 21:34 𝔗, Gn 3:9 Dt 1:12 𝔗^Ps.-J., Mat 22:12 𝔖^Jerus. (though usually these words have the force of as), and in הֵיכְדֵין how, then? ψ 73:11 + 𝔗; cf. Bevan^{Dan p. 29})—only twice, in late Heb., 1 Ch 13:12 (‖ 2 S 6:9 אֵיךְ), Dan 10:17.

הֵיכָל

† הֵיכָל n.m. ^{Na 2:7} (on Is 44:28 cf. Che Di) palace, temple (v. also NH id. temple, Aramaic הֵיכָלָא, הֵיכְלָא, ܗܰܝܟܰܠ, palace, temple, Palm. הכלא temple Vog ¹⁶; cf. Arabic هَيْكَلٌ (prob. Aramaic loan-wd. according to Frä ²⁷⁴), Ethiopic ሀይከል temple; Assyrian ekallu, palace, temple;—prob. loan-wd. from Sum. e-gal, great house, cf. Schr^{HI 148} COT 2 K 20:18 Hpt^{E-vowel 11 f.} Lehmann^{Šamaššumukîn 126}, and on usage Dl ³³⁸; > from יכל (וכל) = כול contain Ew§ 162 b Thes^{Add. 84}; cf. Ol^{§ 191 b} Hoffm^{AGG xxxvi. Mai 1889, 25} Dl^W; from an orig. יכל Lag^{BN 121}, but cf. Hom^{ZMG 1890, 547}) abs. ה׳ Am 8:3 + 27 times (הַה׳ 1 K 6:17 +); cstr. הֵיכַל Mi 1:2 + 35 times; sf. הֵיכָלֶ֑ךָ ψ 48:10 + 2 times; הֵיכָלוֹ Je 50:28 + 7 times; pl. הֵיכָלוֹת Ho 8:14; cstr. הֵיכְלֵי Is 13:22 + 2 times; sf. הֵיכְלֵיכֶם Jo 4:5;—never in Hex, rarely in S & pre-exile prophets; especially freq. in Ki Ez & late proph., also Chr; occasionally in ψ;—
1. rather seld. (royal) palace (so alm. always in Assyrian); of Ahab 1 K 21:1, of king of Babylon 2 K 20:18 = Is 39:7, 2 Ch 36:7, cf. Dn 1:4, and pl. הֵיכְלֵי עֹנֶג Is 13:22 luxurious palaces; at Nineveh וְהַה׳ נָמוֹג Na 2:7; not clearly defined are הֵיכַל מֶלֶךְ ψ 45:16 and הֵיכְלֵי שֵׁן v 9; הֵיכָלוֹת Ho 8:14 (in N. Israel); vid. also וְהֵילִילוּ שִׁירוֹת הֵיכָל בַּיּוֹם הַהוּא Am 8:3 and palace-songs shall be howlings in that day; cf. also (prob.) of Phœnician palaces Jo 4:5; quite general הֵיכְלֵי מֶלֶךְ Pr 30:28, & תַּבְנִית הֵיכָל ψ 144:12 (sim. of well-proportioned daughters);—usual term for royal palace in Heb. is בֵּית הַמֶּלֶךְ, v. בית.
2. of palace of God considered as king, = house of God or of י׳, temple (cf. הַה׳ Is 6:1 e infr. where proph. sees אדני ישֵׁב עַל־כִּסֵּא): a. of early, pre-Solomonic house at Shiloh הֵיכַל י׳ 1 S 1:9; 3:3 (= בֵּית י׳ 1:7; 3:15; פֶּתַח אֹהֶל מוֹעֵד 2:22 om. 𝔊 We Klo Dr) with doors (דלתות, 3:15) & a doorpost (מזוזה 1:9) (cf. 2 S 22:7 = ψ 18:7 e infr.). b. of Solomon’s temple: specif. the hall or nave of the temple (the holy place, distinguished from the דְּבִיר the inner sanctuary, the Holy of Holies, and with this included in the more general term בֵּית י׳ or הַבַּיִת, 1 K 6:1, 2 + often) 1 K 6:17 (cf. v 19, 20 & v 2) also v 5, 33 1 K 7:50 = 2 Ch 4:22; further 2 Ch 4:7, 8; Ez 8:16^(×2) הָאוּלָם עַל־פְּנֵי הֵיכַל הַבַּיִת 1 K 6:3; אֻלָם הַהֵיכָל 1 K 7:21 ‖ עַל־פְּנֵי הַהֵיכָל 2 Ch 3:17; הֵיכַל י׳ 2 K 18:16; also in wide sense (appar. = בֵּית י׳), הֵיכַל י׳ 2 K 23:4; 24:13 (‖ בֵּית י׳), Je 7:4^(×3) (‖ בֵּית י׳ v 2), 24:1 v. also נִקְמַת הֵיכָלוֹ Je 50:28; 51:11 (both ‖ נִקְמַת י׳); 2 Ch 26:16; 27:2, cf. 29:16 (‖ פְּנִ֫ימָה בֵית י׳; opp. חֲצַר ב׳ י׳), in all three הֵיכַל י׳. c. hall or nave of Ezek.’s temple, the holy place (v. supr.) (included in הַבַּיִת, the general term embracing the whole group of buildings) Ez 41:1, 4, 15, 21, 23, 25 (cf. v 20) 42:8. d. general designation of 2nd temple, הַהֵיכָל Zc 8:9 (‖ בֵּית י׳ צְבָאוֹת); oftener הֵיכַל י׳ Hg 2:15, 18; Zc 6:12, 13, 14, 15; Ezr 3:6, 10, הֵיכָלוֹ Mal 3:1 ψ 27:4; בּוֹנִים הֵיכָל ליהוה אֱלֹהֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל Ezr 4:1; (הַ)הֵיכָל Ne 6:10^(×2) (‖ בֵּית הָאֱלֹהִים), v 11; Is 44:28, cf. also 66:6.—הֵיכָל occurs occasionally in ψ, without conclusive evidence, in all cases, to what temple ref. is had; appar. distinguished from בֵּית י׳ (as sub b) ψ 5:8b (הֵיכַל קָדְשְׁךָ; v. בֵּיתֶ֑ךָ v 8a); perhaps also ψ 68:30 (disting. from Holy of Holies by De Che; yet verse obscure); but no distinction evident ψ 79:1; 138:2; Jon 2:5, 8 (all הֵיכַל קָדְשְׁךָ); cf. קְדֹשׁ הֵיכָלֶ֑ךָ ψ 65:5 (‖ בֵּיתֶ֑ךָ); as containing the worshipping assembly ψ 48:10. e. of the heavenly temple where י׳ sits enthroned Is 6:1; his abode in the heavens 2 S 22:7 = ψ 18:7, ψ 11:4 (‖ שָׁמַיִם; cf. זְבֻל קָדְשׁוֹ Is 63:15, ‖ id.), 29:9; אֲדֹנָי מֵהֵיכַל קָדְשׁוֹ Mi 1:2, cf. Hb 2:20 ויהוה בְּהֵיכַל קָדְשׁוֹ.

הֵילֵל

הֵילֵל Is 14:12 v. sub הלל.

הֵילֵל²

† הֵילֵל n.m. appell. shining one, epith. of king of Babylon, אֵיךְ נָפַלְתָּ מִשָּׁמַיִם ה׳ בֶּן־שָׁ֑חַר Is 14:12 how art thou fallen, shining one, son of dawn! i.e. star of the morning. (Cf. Assyrian muštilil epith. of (Venus as) morning-star III R 57:60 Opp^{JAS 1871, 448} Schr^{SK 1874, 337} COT ^{ad loc.})

הִים

הִים v. הוּם.

הֵימָם

הֵימָם n.pr. v. הוֹמָם sub המם.

הֵימָן

† הֵימָן n.pr.m. Heman (faithful, cf. Aramaic מְהֵימָן, ܡܗܰܝܡܰܢ ) a wise man with whom Solomon is compared 1 K 5:11, where app. son of Mahol (Klo sons of the dance); named with 3 others, one being Ethan the Ezrahite; 1 Ch 2:6 a Heman is named with same 3 + 1 other, & all called sons of Zerah of Judah; Heman appears ψ 88:1 also as the Ezrahite (v. sub זרח), cf. Ethan supr.; in other passages Heman is a Levite; specif. Kohathite, son of Joel, called the singer (הַמְשׁוֹרֵר) 1 Ch 6:18 (‖ Asaph v 24, Ethan v 29); Heman, Asaph & Ethan named as the singers (הַמְשֹׁרְרִים) 1 Ch 15:17, 19; cf. Heman & Jeduthun 16:41, 42 (‖ Asaph v 37); Heman, Asaph & Jeduthun 25:6 2 Ch 5:12; 35:15; elsewhere בְּנֵי אָסָף וְהֵימָן וִידוּתוּן 1 Ch 25:1 cf. v 4^(×2), 5^(×2); בְּנֵי הֵימָן 2 Ch 29:14 (‖ בְּנֵי ידוּתוּן); 1 Ch 25:5 Heman is called חֹזֵה הַמֶּלָךְ בְּדִבְרֵי הָאֱלֹהִים (cf. Asaph 2 Ch 29:30, Jeduthun 2 Ch 35:15).—On question of identity of Heman in these various connections, v. Thes Comm.

הֵימָן²

הֵימָן n.pr. v. אמן.

הִין

† הִין n.m. ^{Lv 19:36} hin, a liquid measure (𝔊 εἵν (ἵν; 𝔊L ἵν); but χοῦς Lv 19:36; Gk. ἵνιον, Egypt. measure, = sextarius, according to Böckh^{Metrol. Unters. 244} cf. Brandis^{Münz- Mass- & Gewichtswesen 29, 30}; the Heb. hin (6.06 litres) was, however, much larger than the Egypt. hin (0.456 litre), v. Hultsch^{Metrol., Tab. xxi. p. 714, & pp. 368, 450 ff.}; v. further Ri^HWB Smith^{Dict. Bib.} E. Meyer^{Gesch. i. 228})—abs. הִין Ex 30:24 + 4 times Ez 45, 46; הַהִין Ex 29:40^(×2) + 14 times; cstr. הִין Lv 19:36;—
1. a measure, used of quantity of water for drinking Ez 4:11; usually in connexion with offerings: a. of oil used with meal-offering Ex 29:40; Nu 15:4, 6, 9; 28:5 (all P), Ez 45:24 46:5, 6, 11, 14;—usually ¼ hin to 1/10 ephah (of meal-offering); Nu 15:6 1/3; v 9 1/2; in Ez a (whole) hin, except 46:14 1/3 hin to 1/6 ephah. b. used in mixing the anointing oil Ex 30:24. c. of wine as drink-offering Lv 23:13 (H); elsewhere P, Ex 29:40; Nu 15:5; 28:14 (all 1/4 hin) 15:7; 28:14 (both 1/3 hin), 15:10; 28:14 (both ½ hin; all with 1/10 to 3/10 ephah in case of meal-offering). d. once of שֵׁכָר as drink-offering Nu 28:7 (P; ¼ hin; cf. Di).
2. vessel with capacity of hin Lv 19:36 (H) הִין־צֶדֶק a just hin (‖ מֹאזְנֵי צ׳, אַבְנֵי־צ׳, אֵיפַת צ׳).—The hin = 1/6 bath according to Joseph^Ant iii. 8, 3; 9, 4, = 6.06 litres (Hultsch^l.c.), v. ii. בַּת. On order of words in above passages, note that הִין (רְבִיעִת ה׳ etc.) is usually appos. of liquid measured, & either precedes it Ex 29:40 Nu 15:4; 28:14, or, more often, follows it Ex 30:24 + 10 times; Nu 28:7 they are in diff. clauses; in Ex 29:40 we find בְּשֶׁמֶן … רֶבַע הַהִין, cf. Nu 15:6, 9; 28:5;—Nu 28:14 is peculiar: וְנִסְכֵּיהֶם חֲצִי הַהִין יִהְיֶה לַפָּר וּשְׁלִישִׁת הַהִין לָאַיִל וּרְבִיעִת הַהִין לַכֶּבֶשׂ יָ֑יִן (יין only at end).

הִירָה

† הִירָה n.pr.m. (√ חור but meaning dub.) an Adullamite, friend of Judah Gn 38:1, 12 (both J), 𝔊 Ειρας.

הָכַר

† [הָכַר] vb. only
Qal or
Hiph. (Ges^{§ 53 R. 4} Kö^{i 251}) Impf. 2 mpl. תַּהְכְּרוּ in phrase לֹא־תֵבֹשׁוּ תַּהְכְּרוּ־לִי Jb 19:3, sense very dubious; Schult Thes De al. (as Hiph.) ye cause me (לְ = acc.) to wonder (cf. Arabic هَكَرَ ); others (as Qal) ye deal hardly with, wrong me (so context seems rather to require, v. Ges in Add ⁸⁴ RobGes. Ew Di Da RV; cf. Arabic حَكَرَ wrong, detract from; Codd. read תחכרו, which is preferable, if this meaning be adopted; 𝔊 ἐπίκεισθέ μοι, 𝔙 opprimentes); conjectures are תְּחָֽרְפוּ Ol ^Hiob; תַּחַבְרוּ אֵלָ֑י Me; Siegf תִּתְחַבְּרוּ.

הַכָּרַת

הַכָּרַת Is 3:9 v. נכר.

הַל

† הַל Dt 32:6 הַל יְהֹוָה תִּגְמְלוּ־זֹאת (so V. d. H and other edd.) The reading here became early a subject of dispute, and MSS. and edd. vary accordingly. Some follow the school of Nehardea, and read הַל יְהֹוָה; others (so Norzi) follow the school of Sora, and read הַ לְיהֹוָה; others (so Hahn) have הַלְיהֹוָה. Were הַל original, it would be an interrog. part. = Arabic هَلْ, for which elsewhere הֲ is always found. The other punctuations would also each be highly irregular. The true reading is undoubtedly הֲלַיהֹוָה (הַלְיַהְוֶה). (Cf. De Rossi ^{Var. Lect. ad loc.}; and on the possible origin of the anomaly, Gei^{Jüd. Ztschr. 1864—65, p. 89 f.}

הַל²

הַל Dt 32:6 v. sub הֲ p. 210 supr.

הָלָא

הָלָא v. sub foll.

הָלָא²

† [הָלָא] vb.denom. only Ni. ptcp. fem. Mi 4:7 הַנַּהֲלָאָה (of sheep) removed far off. Mi 4:7 We proposes הַנַּחֲלָה (√ חלה) her that is diseased (note ‖ הַצֹּלֵעָה, and cf. Ez 34:21), so Now; Gr הַנִּלְאָה her that is exhausted; Marti allows either of these.

הָֽ֫לְאָה

† הָֽ֫לְאָה (i.e. hā-leʾāh, the final -āh, the ה locale, being toneless), adv. out there, onwards, further (𝔗 הָלָא, always with לְ or מֵ prefixed; Syriac ܠܗܰܠ, ܘܰܠܗܰܠ PS ¹⁰⁰⁹ id.; Arabic هَلَا forward! on! Fl^{Kl.Schr. i. 355})—
a. of place Gn 19:9 גֶּשׁ־הָֽלְאָה approach out there! i.e. make way, get back (𝔊 ἀπόστα ἐκεῖ: 𝔙 recede illuc), Nu 17:2 and the fire זְרֵה־הָֽלְאָה scatter yonder; מֵהָֽלְאָה לְ beyond (lit. off the yonder side of; v. מִן 4 c Gn 35:21 Je 22:19 Am 5:27 beyond Damascus: וָהָֽלְאָה attached to an indication of place, to mark direction, 1 S 10:3 and thou shalt pass on מִשָּׁם וָהָֽלְאָה thence and onwards; 20:22 מִמְּךָ וָהָֽלְאָה from thee and onwards i.e. beyond thee (opp. to מִמְּךָ וָהֵ֫נָּה v 21), v 37 Nu 32:19 on the side of Jordan forwards (opp. to ‘on the side of Jordan eastwards’).
b. of time, Lv 22:27 from the 8th day וָהָֽלְאָה and onwards, Nu 15:23 1 S 18:9 מהיום ההוא והלאה from that day and onwards, Ez 39:22; 43:27 Is 18:2, 7. Hence

הַלּוֹחֵשׁ

הַלּוֹחֵשׁ Ne 3:12; 10:25 v. לוֹחֵשׁ.

הִלּוּל

† [הִלּוּל] n.[m.] (NH id.) only pl. הִלּוּלִים rejoicing, praise:
1. וַיַּעֲשׂוּ הִלּוּלִים Ju 9:27 i.e. a vintage-rejoicing, merry-making, connected with thanksgiving וַיָּבֹאוּ בֵּית אֱלֹהֵיהֶם, etc. (i.e. god Baal-Berith, see v 4).
2. of praise to י׳, קֹדֶשׁ ה׳ Lv 19:24 (H) holiness of praise, i.e. a consecrated thing in token of thanksgiving for fruit, offered in 4th year (cf. NH).

הַלָּז

† הַלָּז pron.comm. this, a rare synonym of זֶה or הַזֶּה, this (Arabic اَلَّذِى (also اَلَّذْ), pl. اَلَّذِينَ, who, which (cf. זֶה, which is used also sometimes as rel.), formed from اَلْ the def. art., and the pron. ذَا, זֶה, זוּ, with the insertion of the demonstr. element la, and thus in fact = הַזֶּה: W^{AG i. § 347, CG p. 177})—ususally with subst. defined by the art., Ju 6:20 הַסֶּלַע הַלָּז this rock, 1 S 14:1 מֵעֵבֶר הַלָּז off this side-across, 17:26 אֶת־הַפְּלִשְׁתִּי הַלָּז, (+ 20:19 𝔊 Th We Dr τὸ ἐργαβ ἐκεῖνο, i.e. (or הַלָּאז) הָאַרְגָּב הַלָּז this mound (or cairn), for האבן האזל) 2 K 23:17; Zc 2:8; with a fem., 2 K 4:25 הַשּׁוּנַמִּית הַלָּז: without a subst. Dn 8:16 לְהַלָּז to this one (= normal לָזֶה). The fuller form is

הַלָּ֫זֶה

† הַלָּ֫זֶה, הַלֵּ֫זוּ this; masc. Gn 24:65 הָאִישׁ הַלָּזֶה, 37:19 בַּעַל חֲלוֹמוֹת הַלָּזֶה this dreamer (contemptuously); fem. Ex 36:35 הָאָרֶץ הַלֵּזוּ.

הלחות

הלחות Je 48:5 Kt v. לוּחִית.

הָלִיךְ

† [הָלִיךְ] n.[m.] step, only pl. sf. בִּרְחֹץ הֲלִיכַי בְּחֵמָה Jb 29:6 when my steps were bathed in cream (חֵמָה = חֶמְאָה) hyperb. of abundance, wealth.

הֲלִיכָה

† [הֲלִיכָה] n.f. a going, way, travelling-company, sf. הֲלִיכָתָם Na 2:6 Qr (הלוכתם Kt); elsewhere only pl., cstr. הֲלִיכוֹת ψ 68:25, so Pr 31:27 Qr (הילכות Kt), הֲלִכוֹת Hb 3:6, הֲלִיכֹת Jb 6:19; sf. הֲלִיכוֹתֶיךָ ψ 68:25;—
1. going, walk, a. Na 2:6 they shall stumble in their going; elsewhere pl. goings: b. ψ 68:25^(×2) of going, marching, progress of God into the sanctuary (בַּקֹּדֶשׁ; so Hup Pe Che; Ew Hi De in holiness) ref. either to solemn processions of worshippers (e.g. De) or, perhaps better, to the theophanic progress of God himself (e.g. Che); also c. of goings = doings צוֹפִיָּה ה׳ בֵּיתָהּ Pr 31:27 watching the doings of her household; of God Hb 3:6 הֲלִכוֹת עוֹלָם לוֹ ways of eternity (al. of old) are his.
2. travelling-company, caravan הֲלִיכֹת שְׁבָא Jb 6:19 (‖ אָרְחוֹת תֵּמָא).

הֵ֫לֶךְ

† הֵ֫לֶךְ n.m. traveller (properly a going, journey, whence wayfarer, traveller) only וַיָּבֹא הֵלֶךְ לְאִישׁ הֶעָשִׁיר 2 S 12:4 (‖ הָאֹרֵחַ הַבָּא לוֹ, הָאִישׁ הַבָּא לוֹ);—in MT 1 S 14:26 הֵלֶךְ דְּבָשׁ, ה׳ must be cstr. & = flowing, or dropping (of honey), but read rather הָלַךְ 𝔊 The Klo We Dr (& דְּבֹרוֹ for דְּבַשׁ q.v.; 𝔊 We Dr).

הָלַךְ

הָלַךְ₁₅₄₅ vb. go, come, walk (MI ואהלך, לך; SI וילכו; NH הִלֵּךְ (rare), Aramaic הֲלַךְ, הַךְ (also Biblical Aramaic), oftener הַלֵּיךְ Pa., ܗܰܠܶܟ, Palm. Ithp. אתילכא Vog ^{No. 15, 1. 4}; Assyrian alâku Dl^W; also Arabic هَلَكَ perish)—
Qal Pf. 3 ms. ה׳ Gn 26:26 +; הָלָ֑ךְ 2 S 8:6 +; 3 pl. הָֽלְכוּ Gn 14:24 +; (הֶ)הָֽלְכוּא Jos 10:24 (Ges^{§ 23, 3; 138, 3 b} Kö^{i 414 f.}), etc.; Impf. rarely a. 3 ms. יַהֲלֹךְ Je 9:3 + 4 times Jb ψ; וַיַּהֲלֹךְ Jb 14:20; 3 fs. תִּהֲלַךְ ψ 73:9; וַתִּהֲלַךְ Ex 9:23 (Ew§ 138 b Ges^{§ 69, R. 8} Kö^{i 415}); 1 s. אֶהֱלֹךְ Jb 16:22; 23:8 (cf. MI ^14.15); יַהֲלֹ֑כוּ Jb 41:11; usually b. (629 times) as if from ילך (ולך; vid. Hiph. Ges^{§69, 2 R. 8} Kö^{i 414 ff.}; Prät^{ZAW 1882, 310 ff.}; cf. also יָלַד etc.) 3 ms. יֵלֵךְ Ex 10:24 +; יֵלֵ֑ךְ Ec 5:15 +; וְיֵלַ֑ךְ Jb 27:21; יֵלֶךְ־ Ex 34:9 +; וַיֵּ֫לֶךְ Gn 12:4^(×2) + 210 times, וַיֵּלַ֑ךְ Gn 24:61 + 6 times; 3 fs. תֵּלֵךְ Gn 24:39 תֵּלֵ֑ךְ ψ 97:3; וַתֵּ֫לֶךְ Gn 7:18 +; 2 ms. תֵּלֵךְ etc. Gn 3:14 +; 2 fs. תֵּלְכִי etc. Ju 4:8^(×2) +; 1 s. אֵלֵךְ Ex 3:11 +; וָאֵלֵךְ Ju 19:18 +; וָאֵלַ֑ךְ Jb 19:10; אֵלְכָה Gn 45:28 +, אֵילְכָה Mi 1:8; 3 mpl. יֵלְכוּ Ex 5:7 +; יֵלֵכ֑וּן ψ 89:31 + 2 times; וַיֵּלְכוּ Gn 9:23 (וילכו also SI ⁴) +; 3 fpl. תֵּלַכְנָה Ju 11:40 +; 2 mpl. תֵּלְכוּ Gn 42:38 +; תֵּלְכוּן Dt 6:14; תֵּלֵכ֑וּן Ex 3:21 Is 52:12; 2 fpl. תֵּלַכְנָה Ru 1:11; 1 pl. נֵלֵךְ Ex 8:23 +; וַנֵּ֫לֶךְ Dt 1:19, etc.; Imv. rarely a. הֲלוֹךְ Pr 13:20 (Kt; Qr הֹלֵךְ, cf. De Now); mpl. הִלְכוּ Je 51:50; usually b. (241 times) ms. לֵךְ Gn 26:16 + (לִך also MI ¹⁴), לֶךְ־ Gn 27:9 +; לְכָה Gn 19:32 +; לְךָ Nu 23:13 Ju 19:13 2 Ch 25:17; לֵ֑כָה 1 S 23:27; fs. לְכִי Ju 9:10 לֵ֑כִי Ex 2:8; mpl. לְכוּ Gn 37:20 +; fpl. לֵ֫כְנָה Ru 1:8, לֵ֫כְןָ Ru 1:12, etc.; Inf. abs. הָלוֹךְ Gn 8:3 +; הָלֹךְ Gn 31:30 +; cstr. rarely a. הֲלֹךְ Ex 3:19 + 4 times; הֲלָךְ־ Ec 6:9; usually b. (129 times) לֶ֫כֶת Mi 6:8 +; לָ֑כֶת Pr 15:21 + 2 times; sf. לֶכְתִּי 1 K 2:8; לֶכְתָּם 2 S 17:21 + 7 times (6 Ez); לֶכְתָּן Ez 1:9, 12, 17, etc.; Pt. הֹלֵךְ Gn 18:16 +; הוֹלֵךְ Gn 15:2 +; f. הֹלְכָה Je 3:6; הֹלֶכֶת Gn 32:21 + 2 times + הֹלֶכֶת֯י 2 K 4:23; pl. הֹלְכִים Ex 33:15 +, etc.; cstr. הֹלְכֵי Ju 5:6 + 3 times; fpl. הֹלְכֹת etc. Ex 2:5 + 3 times;—found in all documents of Hex, especially JE (240 times; D 65 times, P 30 times + H 14 times);— I. lit. 1. of persons, a. go, proceed, move, walk Gn 22:6, 8 Ex 17:5 Am 3:3 Zp 1:17 + often; of cherubim Ez 10:16 = living creatures 1:9, 12, 19, 20, 21, 24; opp. to sitting (ישׁב) Dt 6:7; 11:19 (both c. בַּדֶּרֶךְ); ‖ running (רוץ) Pr 4:12 Is 40:31, cf. also 2 Ch 30:6; distinguished from riding, driving Gn 24:65 (J; sq. בַּשָּׂדֶה לִקְרָאתֵנוּ), Ju 5:10 (עַל־הַדֶּרֶךְ), Is 41:3 (בְּרַגְלָיו), cf. Ec 5:1 (sq. אֶל), 10:7 (sq. עַל־הָאָרֶץ); on usage with prep. v. infr.; but also ‖ וַיִּרְכַּב 1 K 13:13; 18:45 cf. 2 K 9:16; וַיֵּלֶךְ רֹכֵב הַסּוּס v 18 (sq. לִקְרָאתוֹ); נְהַג וָלֵךְ … וַתֵּלֶךְ וַתָּבֹא 4:24 drive and go forward … and she went, and came. b. depart, go away: Gn 18:33 (J), and י׳ departed, Gn 34:17 (P) then we will take our daughter and depart; cf. 1 S 14:3; 15:27 Ex 3:19 (J), 12:28 (P) 2 K 5:25 +; go, go out (to a specific duty etc.): of Samuel 1 S 7:16, Barak Ju 4:8^(×2); go out, forth (opp. שׁוּב) Ru 1:21 +; = go into exile (without modifier) 1 Ch 5:41 cf. Je 22:10 (הֹלֵךְ of one going into exile; opp. death); v. further אֲשֶׁר הָֽלְכוּ שָׁם Ez 37:21. c. less often where Eng. idiom requires or prefers come, (approach, arrive), vb. in Heb. being referred to starting point; mostly c. prep. (on usage c. prep. in gen. v. infr.):—לְכָה אֵלַי 1 S 17:44; so in prayer to י׳, וּלְכָה לִישֻׁעָ֫תָה לָ֫נוּ ψ 80:3; also in Yahweh’s exhortations to Isr. Is 55:1 (לַמַּיִם), v 3 (אֵלַי); come to, arrive at a land (ָה loc.) Gn 29:1; come unto (אֶל) a people Ru 2:11; but cf. especially (without prep.) Imv. followed by another Imv., etc., v. infr. 5 f, & partic. cases like Nu 22:6, 11, 17; 23:7^(×2) Is 55:1^(×2) etc., where actual summons to approach the speaker. d. with modifiers: (1) α. of space traversed: אֵת כָּל־הַמִּדְבָּר Dt 1:19 (cf. I. אֵת 2), כָּל־הַבִּתְרוֹן 2 S 2:29; especially c. acc. דֶּרֶךְ way, Gn 35:3 (E) Nu 20:17 (JE) Dt 1:31 2 S 4:7, 1 K 13:12^(×2); Je 52:7 cf. וְלֹא תָשׁוּב בַּדֶּרֶךְ אֲשֶׁר הָלָ֑כְתָּ 1 K 13:9; הֹלֵךְ דֶּרֶךְ = traveller Is 35:8; sq. אֳרָחוֹת Ju 5:6 (song), ptcp. cstr. הֹלְכֵי נְתִיבוֹת v 6 goers of paths (wayfarers); c. acc. דֶּרֶךְ = journey Pr 7:19; β. c. acc. of time Dt 2:14 2 S 2:32, cf. Jos 5:6; 14:10; also, with combination of ideas of space & time דֶּרֶךְ שְׁלֹשֶׁת יָמִים Ex 3:18 (+ בַּמִּדְבָּר v. infr.) cf. 5:3; 8:23; 15:22 (all JE) Nu 33:8 (P) 1 K 19:4. (2) c. prep.: α. sq. בְּ of space (territory, country, etc.) in which בַּמִּדְבָּר Ju 11:16, 18; cf. וַיֵּלֶךְ בַּבַּיִת אַחַת הֵנָּה וְאַחַת הֵנָּה 2 K 4:35 and he walked in the house once hither, once thither; especially + acc. of time or distance (cf. supr.) Jos 5:6; 14:10 (both D) 1 K 19:4; בָּֽעֲרָבָה 2 S 2:29; cf. בַּיַּבָּשָׁה Ex 14:29 = 15:19 (P?); בְּתוֹךְ הָעֵמֶק Jos 8:13 (JE); sq. בְּ of way, path בְּדֶרֶךְ 1 K 18:6^(×2) בַּדּ׳ Nu 21:22 (JE) Jos 24:17 (E) Dt 1:33; 2:27; Ju 18:6; 1 S 28:22; לֹא תָשׁוּב לָלֶכֶת בַּדֶּרֶךְ אֲשֶׁר הָלַכְתָּ בָּהּ 1 K 13:17 (הָלַךְ of both going & coming); so often fig., cf. infr. II. 3; walk in the streets בִּרְחֹבֹת La 4:18, walk by the way בַּדּ׳ (opp. יָשַׁב sit) Dt 6:7; 11:19; β. sq. עַל, go or walk on (by) עַל־יַד הַיְאֹר Ex 2:5; עַל־הַדֶּרֶךְ 1 S 9:6 (i.e. set out, start, upon cf. Dr); cstr. sq. על Ju 5:10. (3) go to, unto: α. sq. acc., in general בְּכָל־אֲשֶׁר תֵּלֵךְ Gn 28:15 (J) whithersoever thou goest Jos 1:7, 9 (D), cf. 2 S 7:9; 8:6, 14 = 1 Ch 17:8; 18:6, 13; more definitely, to a land with or without ארץ Ju 1:26; 21:21; Je 37:12; so fig. Ho 7:11 resort to (acc.) Asshur (‖ קרא); to a city 1 S 11:14, 15; 23:5 1 K 2:8; 11:24; 12:1; 14:2, 4 2 K 9:1; 1 Ch 11:4; 2 Ch 8:3; Ezr 8:31; to a house בַּיִת 2 S 13:7, 8, house of י׳ ψ 122:1; a field, Gn 27:5 (J; + Inf. of purpose); valley of salt 2 Ch 25:11. β. sq. ָה loc., אַ֫רְצָה Gn 11:31; 12:5, פַּדֶּ֜נָה אֲרָם 28:2, 5, 7 (all P) cf. 29:1 (E) Nu 32:39 (JE) 2 S 14:23; of city Gn 18:22; 28:10 (both J) Ju 9:1; 1 S 15:34; 16:13; 19:22; 2 S 15:9; 1 K 3:4; 18:45; 2 Ch 10:1; of river Euphrates Je 13:4, 6, 7; of a wood 1 S 23:16; a mountain Jos 2:16 (JE); cf. also אָ֫נָה הָֽלְכוּ whither have they gone Gn 16:8; 32:18; Jos 2:6 (all JE) cf. Ne 2:16; Ct 6:1; Ju 19:17, אָ֫נֶה וָאָ֫נָה 1 K 2:42 (but also אָן ה׳ 1 S 10:14); שָׁ֫מָּה Je 40:4 but also שָׁם 1 S 9:6; Je 45:5; הֵ֫נָּה 2 K 4:35. γ. c. prep.: (a) most often sq. אֶל־ unto, e.g, unto the place, הַמָּקוֹם, Gn 22:3 (E) 30:25 (J), ect.; of land Gn 22:2 (E) 24:4, 10 (J) 36:6 (P) Jos 22:9 (D), etc.; of city Gn 22:19 (E) 1 S 9:10 Jon 3:3, etc.; of house Gn 24:38 (J) Ec 7:2^(×2); house of God Ec 4:17; of people Ex 19:10 (E) etc.; in other designations of place, Jos 8:9 (JE), Ezr 10:6 Ru 2:9, etc.; also sq. אֶל = against, of military expedition: Ju 1:10 against Canaanites; a city Ju 9:1 1 K 22:15 = 2 Ch 18:5, 14; also sq. אֶל of individual persons Gn 26:1, 26 (both J), 41:55 (E) 2 K 6:22, 23; 22:14 = 2 Ch 34:22 Je 41:14 +; once with implic. coire cum femina Am 2:7 (cf. בּוֹא 1 e, p. 98); vid. especially לַהֲלֹךְ אֶל־אֵל בַּמִּשְׁפָּט Jb 34:23 of judicial inquiry by God; come unto the speaker Nu 22:16, 37 (both JE), unto the one addressed Is 60:14. (b) rarely sq. עַל־ unto (Je K Ez) c. בַּיִת 1 K 20:43, שָׂדֶה 1 K 2:26 (+ acc. loc.), cf. עַל־כָּל אֲשֶׁר Je 1:7, עַל־אֲשֶׁר יִהְיֶה שָׁם Ez 1:12 (of the רוּחַ; cf. אֶל־אֲשֶׁר יִהְיֶה שָׁ֫מָּה v 20); also וַאֲנִי הוֹלֵךְ עַל אֲשֶׁר־אֲנִי הוֹלֵךְ 2 S 15:20 = I am going I know not where cf. Lag ^{Psalt. Hieron. 1874, 156 f.} Dr^Sm v. further Je 3:6 (sq. both עַל & אֶל; on confusion of אֶל and עַל vid. these words); sq. עַל against city 1 K 22:6, king 2 Ch 22:5. (c) sq. עַד as far as, unto, place עַד־כֹּה Gn 22:5 (E), cf. 1 K 12:30 (וַיֵּלְכוּ הָעָם לִפְנֵי הָאֶחָד עַד דָּ֑ן), 2 K 6:2; 10:25; 7:15 cf. 2 Ch 26:8; persons 1 S 9:9. (d) sq. לְ, to a land 1 K 10:13 etc.; a city 2 Ch 8:17; a mountain 1 Ch 4:42; a bamah 2 Ch 1:3; cf. לִמְבוֹא גְדֹר 1 Ch 4:39 & v. infr.; also before n.pr. of pers. Gn 24:56 (J); further לַמִּלְחָמָה Ez 7:14; לְסִבְלֹתֵיכֶם Ex 5:4 (J) go to your burdens cf. Is 60:3, וְהַתּוֹדָה הַשֵּׁנִית הַהוֹלֶכֶת לְמוֹאל Ne 12:38 the second thanksgiving choir, that went the opposite way; frequently לְדַרְכּוֹ etc., go (to, on) one’s way Gn 19:2 (J) 32:2 (E) Nu 24:25 Jos 2:16 (both JE) Ju 18:26 1 S 1:18; 26:25 +; לְמַסָּעָיו Gn 13:3 (J); cf. הַהוֹלֵךְ לְמֶרְחֲבֵי־אֶרֶץ Hb 1:6 that marcheth through the breadth of the land (of invader); note especially in sense of depart to, go away to, almost = return to; וְהָלַכְתָּ לְאֹהָלֶיךָ Dt 16:7 and thou shalt go (back) to thy tents, so Ju 19:6; 20:8 1 K 8:66; 12:16 = 2 Ch 10:16; לְבֵיתוֹ 1 S 10:26 cf. 14:8; 23:18 1 K 14:12 1 Ch 16:43; לִמְקוֹמוֹ 1 S 2:20 (cf. VB Dr) 14:46; v. also go away or off to 1 Ch 4:42 2 Ch 8:17. (e) sq. בְּ into בַּשָּׂדֶה Nu 22:23 (of Balaam’s ass); especially in ה׳ בַּשְּׁבִי go into captivity Am 9:4 Na 3:10 Dt 28:41 Je 20:6; 22:22; 30:16 La 1:18 (= ה׳ שְּׁבִי v 5) cf. Ez 30:17, 18 Is 46:2; 48:11 ה׳ בַּגּוֹלָה Je 48:11 Ez 25:3; v. also ה׳ בַּכְּלִמָּה Is 45:16; ה׳ בַּמִּלְחָמָה 1 S 17:13; ה׳ בַּקְּרָ֑ב 2 S 17:11 (but v. Dr). (4) go from, depart from, sq. מִן, e.g. 1 K 2:41, etc., מִשָּׁם Gn 42:26 (E) 1 K 19:19; cf. אָנָה אֵלֵךְ מֵרוּחֶ֑ךָ ψ 139:7; note especially וּמַלְאַךְ י׳ הָלַךְ מֵעֵינָיו Ju 6:21 cf. 1 S 14:17 (מֵעִמָּנוּ), Ho 9:6 (מִשֹּׁד, from destruction); also sq. מֵאֵת of divorced woman Je 3:1 (מֵאִתּוֹ), cf. also Gn 26:31 (J), Jos 22:9 (? P) מֵאֵצֶל 1 K 20:36. (5) c. prep. denoting other relations:—α. אֵת of accompaniment, ה׳ אִתִּי (on warlike expedition) Gn 14:24 cf. 2 S 15:11 Jos 10:24 Ju 1:3 (sq. בְּ into), 7:4^(×2), v. also 1 S 23:23 2 S 16:17 +. β. עִם Ju 4:8^(×2), 9^(×2); 7:4; 11:8 1 S 30:22^(×2) 2 S 19:26 Nu 22:13, 14 (JE) +. γ. בְּ with (cf. בְּ III. 1, p. 89), especially Ex 10:9, cf. Ho 5:6 בְּצֹאנָם וּבִבְקָרָם יֵלְכוּ לְבַקֵּשׁ אֶת־י׳, of vain sacrifices; 2 Ch 30:6 the runners went with (בְּ) letters. δ. בְּקֶרֶב in the midst of, Ex 34:9 (JE). ε. לִפְנֵי in front of, before, before Cyrus Is 45:2, (cf. of fire & pestilence, infr. 3); of י׳ going before Isr. Ex 13:21 Nu 14:14, cf. also Ex 23:23; 32:34 & (in meaning) 33:14 (פָּנַי יֵלֵ֑כוּ), v 15, Is 52:12, with which comp. וה׳ לְפָנֶיךָ צִדֱק֑ךָ 58:8; of other gods Ex 32:1, 23 (all JE); לְנֶגְדֶּ֑ךָ Gn 33:12 (J). ה׳ לִפְנֵי also (less often) = go (and present oneself) before a deity or shrine 1 K 12:30 1 Ch 21:30 (cf. בוא לפני Ex 28:30, קִדֵּם פְּנֵי y 95ò2). ζ.c. אַחַר go after, follow, persons Gn 37:17 (J) 2 K 7:15; אַחֲרֵי Gn 24:5, 8, 39, 61 (all J), Jos 3:3 (D) Nu 16:25 (JE) +; cf. also II. 3 d (going after false gods etc.); מֵאַחֲרֵיהֶם Ex 14:19 (J). η. לְ with sense of dativ. ethic.: וַיֵּלֶךְ לוֹ אֶל־אַרְצוֹ Ex 18:27 (E) and he gat him (betook himself) to his country; אֵ֫לֶךְ לִי אֶל Ct 4:6 I will get me unto; וְנֵלְכָה־לָנוּ 1 S 26:11 and let us be gone, cf. v 12, Ct 2:11 (of rain cf. infr. 3); Imv. in same construction: לֶךְ־לְךָ אֶל Gn 22:2 (E) get thee unto, לְכוּ לָכֶם לְאָהֳלֵיכֶם Jos 22:4 (D) also לֶךְ־לְךָ מִן Gn 12:1 (J), & לְכִי־לָךְ Ct 2:10, 13 get thee away, come away. θ. adverbial phrases of manner c. prep.: (a) בְּ, ה׳ בְּשָׁלוֹם go in peace Gn 26:31 (J) 1 S 29:7 2 S 3:21, 22, 23; 15:9; ה׳ בְּכֹחַ הָאֲכִילָה הַהִיא 1 K 19:8, ה׳ בְּחֵמָה 2 K 5:12 cf. also 1 S 17:39 Is 52:12; וְה׳ בְּסַעֲרוֹת תֵּימָן Zc 9:14 of י׳, and he shall go in (or with) storms of the south; בְּ pretii, הַהֹלְכִים בְּנַפְשׁוֹתָם 2 S 23:17 who went at risk of their life (otherwise in ‖ I Ch 11:19); cf. (b) אֶל, ה׳ אֶל־נַפְשׁוֹ 1 K 19:3 he went for his life. (c) לְ, ה׳ לְרַגְלָהּ 1 S 25:42 go according to her foot, i.e. follow, attend her; לֵךְ לְשָׁלוֹם go to, for (in) peace Ex 4:18 (E) Ju 18;6 1 S 1:17; 20:13, 42 2 K 5:19; וְהֹלְכִים לְתֻמָּם 2 S 15:11. κ. with adj. or noun, agreeing with subj. of vb., in acc. (Ges^{§ 118.5}), sometimes where Lat. & Eng. use an attributive or appositive: walk barefoot 2 S 15:30; walk naked and barefoot Is 20:3 (c. acc. of duration); וַתֵּלַכְנָה נְטֻו֯וֹת גָּרוֹן וגו׳ Is 3:16; cf. 1 K 8:66; also לֹא תֵלֵךְ רָכִיל בְּעַמֶּ֑ךָ Lv 19:16 (H) thou shalt not walk as a slanderer among thy people, Je 9:3, הוֹלֵךְ רָכִיל Pr 11:13; 20:19; and even הֹלְכֵי רָכִיל Je 6:28 (yet רכיל poss. abstr., ה׳ ר׳ walk in slander); with adv. accus., construed more generally (Ges^{§ 118, 5. c}, Ew§ 279 c): ye shall not walk loftily (רוֹמָה) Mi 2:3; they shall come bending (שְׁחוֹחַ) Is 60:14; and Agag came delicately (מַעֲדַנֹּת) 1 S 15:32; cf. also Lv 26:23 (II. 3b) Ex 3:21 2 S 17:18. 2. Also of animals, in similar meanings and combinations: הָלַךְ Na 2:12 walk about, prowl (lions, fig. of rulers of Assyria); Pr 30:29 (vid. v 30, 31, of three beasts & a king); walk, go, move בִּמְסִלָּה אַחַת ה׳ 1 S 6:12 (of cows bringing ark), horses in Zec.’s vision Zc 6:7 וַיְבַקְשׁוּ לָלֶכֶת לְהִתְהַלֵּךְ בָּאָרֶץ; of beasts & birds Je 9:9, cf. 50:3 both man & beast, they are fled, they are gone; of flocks and herds (מִקְנֶה) יֵלֵךְ עִמָּנוּ Ex 10:26 they shall go with us; ה׳ מֵהַר אֶל־גִּבְעָה Je 50:6 they have gone from mt. to hill (Isr. under fig. of wandering sheep); in 1 S 14:26 read prob. הָלַךְ for הֵלֶךְ q.v.; especially in laws of clean & unclean Lv 11:20, 21 every swarming winged thing that goeth on (הַהֹלֵךְ עַל) all fours, cf. v 27, 42; also v 27 everything that goeth on its paws, & v 42 everything that goeth on (its) belly, (all P), so of serpent Gn 3:14 on thy belly (עַל־גְּחֹנְךָ) shalt thou go (J), cf. also Je 46:22 קוֹלָהּ כַּנָּחָשׁ יֵלֵךְ; (where appar. rel. cl., her voice like the serpent that moves, i.e. like the rustling sound of a gliding serpent, cf. VB); locusts Jo 2:7 (אִישׁ בִּדְרָכָיו), v 8 (גֶּבֶר בִּמְסִלָּתוֹ). 3. in like manner of inanimate things, as: the ark (הַתֵּבָה) Gn 7:18 (P; sq. עַל־פְּנֵי הַמָּ֑יִם); ships 1 K 22:49 (sq. ָה loc.) = 2 Ch 20:36 (sq. acc. of limit), cf. 2 Ch 9:21 (sq. acc.) 20:37 (אֶל); of אֳנִי־שַׁיִט Is 33:21 ‘galley with oars’ (sq. בְּ of place in which); wheels (in Ezekiel’s vision) Ez 1:17^(×2), 19, 21; 10:11^(×4); moon Jb 31:26; wind ψ 78:39 Ec 1:6^(×2); of streams (הַנְחָלִים) = flow אֶל־הַיָּם Ec 1:7; cf. אֶל־מְקוֹם שֶׁהַנְחָלִים הֹלְכִים שָׁם הֵם שָׁבִים לָלֶכֶת v 7 unto the place whither the streams flow, thither they flow again; also אֲפִיקִים, sq. מַיִם as accus. of that with wh., Jo 4:18 ‖ of hills flowing חָלָב, with milk; cf. further fig. כָּל־בִּרְכַּיִם תֵּלַכְנָה מַיִם Ez 7:17; 21:13 all knees shall flow down in water, i.e. be as weak as water; נְהָרוֹת Ez 31:4 (sq. סָבִיב); וְהָלַךְ עַל־כָּל־גְּדוֹתָיו Is 8:7 i.e. overflow (‖ עָלָה עַל־כָּל־אֲפִיקָיו) cf. Jos 4:18 (JE); so of water (as (SI⁴) Is 8:6, 1 K 18:35 (וַיֵּלְכוּ הַמַּיִם סָבִיב לַמִּזְבֵּ֑חַ), ψ 105:41 (הָֽלְכוּ בַּצִּיּוֹת נָהָר, they flowed through dry regions as a river); (on Inf. abs. used of waters of flood, Gn 8:3, 5, cf., infr. 4 c (4), (5)); of the sea הַיָּם הוֹלֵךְ וְסֹעֵר Jon 1:11, 13 was going on and being stormy = was growing more and more stormy (cf. infr. 4 d); of wine (יַיִן) Ct 7:10 that goeth down, for my beloved, smoothly (simile); also of lightning go, dart (בָּרָק) Jb 38:35, so אֵשׁ Ex 9:23 (E) וַתִּהֲלַךְ אֵשׁ אָ֑רְצָה and fire darted to earth (on form, here & ψ 73:9 infr., as intens., of rapid motion, cf. Thes Ew§ 138 b Kö^{i. 415}); אֵשׁ לְפָנָיו תֵּלֵךְ ψ 97:3; of torches, in fig. of violent breathing of crocodile מִפִּיו לַפִּידִים יַהֲלֹ֑כוּ Jb 41:11; of sword אַחֲרַיִךְ תֵּ֫לֶךְ חָ֑רֶב Je 48:2, of arrow בָּרָק Jb 20:25 drawn from a wound; of pestilence דֶּבֶר (personified) ψ 91:6 (בָּאֹפֶל), Hb 3:5 (לְפָנָיו); of fame שָׁמְעוֹ הוֹלֵךְ בְּכָל־הַמְּדִינוֹת Est 9:4; of the tongue (bad sense) וּלְשׁוֹנָם תִּהֲלַךְ בָּאָרֶץ ψ 73:9 (cf. Ex 9:23 supr.; ‖ שַׁתּוּ בַשָּׁמַיִם פִּיהֶם); of sound of trumpet Ex 19:19 (Pt. cf. infra 4 d); of letters אִגְּרוֹת Ne 6:17 (sq. עַל, unto); of dew (טַל, ‖ עֲנַן־בֹּקֶר sim. of Isr.’s חֶסֶד Ho 6:4 cf. 13:3 like dew that passeth away; so of עָנָן Jb 7:9 כָּלָה עָנָן וַיֵּלַ֑ךְ; of rain הַגֶּשֶׁם הָלַף הָלַךְ לוֹ Ct 2:11 the rain is over, it hath taken itself away; of ark of י׳ (אֲרוֹן י׳) 1 S 6:8 depart (cf. also 5 d); of shadow on dial go forward 2 K 20:9 (opp. שׁוּב; ‖ נָטָה v 20 & יָרַד Is 38:8); grow, of wicked under fig. of trees, יֵלְכוּ גַּם־עָשׂוּ פֶּ֑רִי Je 12:2; cf. יֵלְכוּ יוֹנְקוֹתָיו Ho 14:7 his branches shall spread, said of Isr. under fig. of tree; of name (= fame) 2 Ch 26:8 (sq. עַד־לְבֹא מִצְרַיִם); also of a thing that does not actually move; וְהָלַךְ הַגְּבוּל אֶל Jos 17:7 and the boundary went unto etc., cf. 16:8 (sq. מִן & ָה loc.);—in 2 K 13:21 and it (the dead body) went i.e. was let down into the grave, read וַיֵּלְכוּ for וַיֵּלֶךְ 𝔊L Th Klo, and they went away. †4. The Inf. abs. is often used a. as in other vbs., quite independently (Ges^{§ 113, 1}): הֲגָנֹב … וְהָלֹךְ אַחֲרֵי אֱלֹהִים אֲחֵרִים Je 7:9 (series of 6 Inf. abs.) (are there) stealing, murdering, and adultery and false swearing and incense-burning to the Baal, and going after other gods …? as obj., וְלֹא־אָבוּ בִדְרָכָיו הָלוֹךְ Is 42:24 and they desired not walking in his ways; as appos. of obj., Je 23:14 I have seen … an abominable thing, committing adultery and walking in lies (נָאוֹף וְהָלוֹךְ בַּשֶּׁקֶר); cf. וַיַּעַשׂ כֵּן הָלוֹךְ עָרוֹם וְיָחֵף Is 20:2 and he did so, a walking naked and barefoot, where also two adverb. accus. modifying the Inf. abs. (Ges^{§ 113, 2}). b. to intensify meaning of finite form of הָלַךְ (Ges^{§ 113, 3}): (1) before finite vb. הָלוֹךְ אֵלֵךְ עִמָּךְ Ju 4:9 I will surely go with thee, cf. Je 37:9; הָלֹךְ הָלַכְתָּ Gn 31:30 concessive, thou art indeed gone, הָלוֹךְ הָֽלְכוּ הָעֵצִים Ju 9:8 introductory, the trees went forth on a time to anoint them a king. (2) after finite vb. וַיֵּלֶךְ הָלוֹךְ 2 S 3:24 and he is actually gone! (a grave imprudence to permit it!), נֵלְכָה הָלוֹךְ לְחַלּוֹת אֶת־פְּנֵי י׳ Zc 8:21 let us by all means go to seek the favour of י׳. c. most noteworthy is the joining of the Inf. abs. (1) with a following Inf. abs. denoting a simultaneous action or process, and so emphasizing duration or continuance; α. both Infs. preceding the finite vb., הָלוֹךְ וְטָפֹף תֵּלַכְנָה Is 3:16 a going and a tripping they go, i.e. they keep tripping as they go; so הָלוֹךְ וּבָכוֹ יֵלֵ֑כוּ Je 50:4 continually weeping they shall go; β. one Inf. before, & one after the fin. vb. הָלוֹךְ יֵלֵךְ וּבָכֹה ψ 126:6 continually may one go weeping; γ. elsewhere both after fin. vb. Jos 6:9 the rearguard was going (הֹלֵךְ) after the ark, continually blowing on the trumpets (הָלוֹךְ וְתָקוֹעַ בַּשּׁוֹפָרוֹת), cf. v 13 (where הָו֯לֹךְ cf. infr.; both JE), וַיֵּלֶךְ … הָלוֹךְ וּבָכוֹ 2 S 3:16, of cows הָֽלְכוּ הָלוֹךְ וְגָעוֹ 1 S 6:12 they went continually lowing, וַיֵּלֶךְ הָלוֹךְ וְאָכֹל Ju 14:9 and he went on, eating as he went; הֹלְכִים הָלוֹךְ וְדַבֵּר 2 K 2:11 they were going on, talking as they went; in הֹלֵךְ הָלֹךְ וּבֹכֶה Je 41:6, the pt. בֹּכֶה is peculiar, read perhaps בָּכֹה, and for הֹלֵךְ read הֹלְכִים 𝔊 Hi cf. Gf. (2) with a foll. vb.fin.c. ו consec. (rare): הֹלְכִים הָלוֹךְ וְתָֽקְעוּ Jos 6:13 (JE) they were going along continually blowing on the trumpets; וַתֵּלֶךְ הָלוֹךְ וְזָעָ֑קָה 2 S 13:19 and she went, crying out as she went; הֹלֵךְ … הָלוֹךְ וַיְקַלֵּל 2 S 16:13 he went along … cursing as he went; so 1 S 19:23 and he went on, prophesying as he went, until he came, etc. (3) in cases where vb. fin. is foll. by Inf. abs. + adj. denoting progress, advance: וַיֵּלֶךְ הָלוֹךְ וְקָרֵב 2 S 18:25 and he came continually nearer (nearer & nearer); elsewhere with idea of actual motion lost from vb. fin.: וַיֵּלֶךְ הָלוֹךְ וָרָ֑ב 1 S 14:19 and the tumult kept growing greater and greater; so וַיֵּלֶךְ דָּוִד הָלוֹךְ וְגָדוֹל 2 S 5:10 = 1 Ch 11:9; cf. Ju 4:24 and the hand of the sons of Israel kept growing more and more severe (וַתֵּלֶךְ … הָלוֹךְ וְקָשָׁה) upon Jabin; note especially וַיִּגְדַּל הָאִישׁ וַיֵּלֶךְ הָלוֹךְ וְגָדֵל עַד־כִּי־גָדַל מְאֹד Gn 26:13 (J) and the man grew great and kept on growing greater and greater until etc. (גָּדֵל partic. adj.). (4) twice, where vb. fin. is not הלך, but another vb. denoting motion: וַיָּשֻׁבוּ הַמַּיִם … הָלוֹךְ וָשׁוֹב Gn 8:3 (J) and the waters retired continually more and more; וַיִּסַּע אַבְרָם הָלוֹךְ וְנָסוֹעַ הַנֶּ֫גְבָּה Gn 12:9 (J) and Abram journeyed on continually further toward the south country. (5) quite by itself is Gn 8:5 (P) וְהַמַּיִם הָיוּ הָלוֹךְ וְחָסוֹר and the waters, they continually diminished (were a going and a diminishing; the Infs. abs. being predicate). (6) 13 times the Inf. abs. = Imv. & is followed by Pf. consec. (chiefly in Je): הָלוֹךְ וְדִבַּרְתָּ֫ 2 S 24:12 go and speak, so Je 35:2; ה׳ וְאָמַרְתָּ֫ go and say, Is 38:5 Je 28:13; 34:2; 35:13; 39:16; ה׳ וְקָרָאתָ Je 2:2; 3:12; also ה׳ וְרָחַצְתָּ֫ 2 K 5:10 go and wash, ה׳ וְקָנִיתָ Je 13:1; 19:1 go and buy, ה׳ וְעָמַדְתָּ֫ 17:19 go and stand. d. akin to the use of Inf. abs. are some instances of Pt. הֹלֵךְ + adj. (or pt.): וַיֵּלֶךְ הַפְּלִשְׁתִּי הֹלֵךְ וְקָרֵב 1 S 17:41 and the Philistine came continually nearer (cf. 2 S 18:25 supr.); in other cases as predicate, with same idea of growing, increasing: וְדָוִד הֹלֵךְ וְחָזֵק וּבֵית שָׁאוּל הֹלְכִים וְדַלִּים 2 S 3:1 and David was growing stronger and stronger, while the house of Saul were growing weaker and weaker, cf. 2 Ch 17:12 Est 9:4 (of individuals), 2 S 15:12 (of people); + 2 adj. וְהַנַּעַר שְׁמוּאֵל הֹלֵךְ וְגָדֵל וָטוֹב 1 S 2:26; cf. (with different order) of wind, Ec 1:6 goeth (הוֹלֵךְ) toward the south, and turneth about (סוֹבֵב) unto the north, the wind turneth about and about continually (סוֹבֵב סֹבֵב הוֹלֵךְ הָרוּחַ); of sea הַיָּם הוֹלֵךְ וְסֹעֵר Jon 1:11, 13 the sea was growing more and more stormy; also וַיְהִי קוֹל הַשֹּׁפָר הוֹלֵךְ וְחָזֵק מְאֹד Ex 19:19 and the sound of the trumpet kept growing louder and louder; & in metaph. אֹרַח צַדִּיקִים כְּאוֹר נֹ֑גַהּ הוֹלֵךְ וָאוֹר עַד־נְכוֹן הַיּוֹם Pr 4:18 the path of just men is like a shining light, growing lighter and lighter until the full day. 5. In combination with other verbal forms: a. sq. Inf. of purpose (c. לְ) Gn 25:22; 31:19; 37:25 (all JE) Nu 14:38 (P) 24:1 (JE), Ju 8:1; 9:8, 9, 11, 13 + often; especially ה׳ לִקְרַאת go to meet Jos 9:11 (JE), 2 S 19:16 1 K 18:16^(×2) +; sometimes with hostile sense 1 S 23:28 1 K 20:27 2 K 23:29; also ה׳ לָשׁוּב go to return, Ex 4:21 (RV go back), cf. also שׁוּב לָלֶכֶת return again Ec 1:7; 5:14; ה׳ לָבוֹא go to come (enter, etc.) Je 41:17 cf. 2 Ch 26:8. b. sq. finite vb. go and do so and so: Gn 22:13; 27:14 Ex 2:8; 4:27, 29 (all JE), Dt 13:7, 14; 17:3; 24:2 Is 2:3 = Mi 4:2 Je 11:12 + often; וַיֵּלֶךְ וַיָּשָׁב Ex 4:18 (E), יֵלֵךְ וְיָשֹׁב Dt 20:5, 6, 7, 8, וַיֵּלְכוּ וַיָּשׁוּבוּ Ju 21:23 cf. Ho 2:9; 5:15; ה׳ וַיָּבוֹא went & came Nu 13:26 (P), Ru 2:3 1 S 22:5 2 S 11:22 2 K 4:25; notably וַיֵּלֶךְ וַיִּשְׁלַח 2 K 3:7 and he went and sent. c. following other verbs: וַיָּקֻמוּ וַיֵּלְכוּ Gn 22:19 (E) cf. 24:10 (J) 43:8 (J) Nu 16:25 (JE) Ju 4:9; נִסְעָה וְנֵלֵ֑כָה Gn 33:12 (J). d. especially as result of action expr. in preced. vb., such as vb. of sending, etc.: וַיְשַׁלַּח אֶת־אֶחָיו וַיֵּלֵ֑כוּ Gn 45:24 (E) cf. Jos 1:16 (D) 1 S 6:8 Jb 38:35; also יִשָּׂאֵהוּ קָדִים וְיֵלֵ֑ךְ 27:21 an east wind shall carry him off, and he shall depart; וַיְגָֽרֲשֵׁהוּ וַיֵּלַ֑ךְ ψ 34:1 (title). (Cf. depart also of inanimate things 3 supr.) e. in longer series: וַיֵּלֶךְ וַיֵּבְרַח וַיִּמָּלֵט 1 S 19:12; וַיִּסַּע וַיֵּלֶךְ וַיָּשָׁב … וַיֵּשֶׁב 2 K 19:36 = Is 37:37; cf. Nu 24:25 (JE); וַיָּקָם וַיֵּלֶךְ וַיָּבֹא Ju 19:10; also וַיָּקָם וַיָּבֹא וַיֵּלֶךְ 2 K 10:12. f. often in Imv. foll. by 2nd Imv. or equiv., (1) לֵךְ קַח־לִי Gn 27:13 (J) go, bring me (them), cf. Ho 1:2; לְכוּ רְעוּ Gn 29:7 (J) go, feed (them), cf. 37:14 42:19 Ex 4:19 + (in all c. 57 times; only JED in Hex); but also (2) weakened to mere introductory word (as also supr. passim: especially 2 K 3:7 etc.), go to, or come, do (let us do) so & so; לְכָה נִכְרְתָה בְרִית Gn 31:44 come, let us make a compact, cf. לְכָה נַשְׁקֶה 19:32 (where subj. fem.); לְכוּ וְנֵלְכָה 1 S 9:9 come, and let us go, so v 10, 11:4 Is 2:3 = Mi 4:2, cf. Zc 6:7 +; even לֵךְ בֹא וְאֶשְׁלְחָה 2 K 5:5 go to, come, and let me send, cf. Is 22:15; 26:20 Ex 3:4, 11; further Ju 19:11, 13 1 S 9:5 1 K 1:12 ψ 34:5 + (in all c. 49 times; only JE in Hex). (3) apparently intermediate, and shewing transition from (1) to (2) are: לֶךְ־רֵד Ex 19:24; 32:7 cf. Ju 18:2; לְכוּ סֻרוּ רְדוּ 1 S 15:6; לֵךְ עֲלֵה מִזֶּה Ex 33:1; לְכוּ וְהִתְהַלְּכוּ בָּאָרֶץ Jos 18:8 & לְכוּ בֹּאוּ אַרְצָה Gn 47:17 cf. 1 S 22:5 1 K 1:13 2 K 7:9; v. further לֵכְנָה שֹׁבְנָה Ru 1:8 & שֹׁבְנָה לֵכְןָ v 12; also 2 S 3:16 1 K 19:15, 20 + (in all c. 36 times) II. Fig.; the most common uses follow; in most the origin in a literal meaning is evident: †1. pass away, die; in phrases denoting or implying death (cf. Arabic هَلَكَ perish); וְהִנֵּה אָנֹכִי הוֹלֵךְ הַיּוֹם בְּדֶרֶךְ כָּל־הָאָרֶץ Jos 23:14 (D) lo, I am going to-day the way of all the earth cf. 1 K 2:2; perhaps also Gn 15:2 (JE) I pass away childless, but possibly sub 2 infr.; also 2 S 12:23 I am going (אֲנִי הֹלֵךְ) to him 2 S 12:23; so of mankind דּוֹר הֹלֵךְ וְדוֹר בָּא Ec 1:4; more explicitly, הַכֹּל הוֹלֵךְ אֶל־מָקוֹם אֶחָ֑ד הַכֹּל הָיָה מִן הֶעָפָר וְהַכֹּל שָׁב אֶל־הֶעָפָר Ec 3:20 cf. 6:6; also בִּשְׁאוֹל אֲשֶׁר אַתָּה הֹלֵךְ שָׁ֑מָּה 9:10, & הֹלֵךְ הָאָדָם אֶל־בֵּית עוֹלָמוֹ 12:5; cf. בְּטֶרֶם אֵלֵךְ וְאֵינֶנִּי ψ 39:14 before I depart and be not; so acc. to some 2 Ch 21:20 but cf. infr. 3 a (2); once with weaker sense sq. inf., הִנֵּה אָנֹכִי הוֹלֵךְ לָמוּת Gn 25:32 (J). 2. live (‘walk’), in general (cf. Pi. Hithp.) (usually poet., with modifying words): כִּי־אֵלֵךְ בְּגֵיא צַלְמָוֶת ψ 23:4 though I walk in a valley of deep darkness; cf. 138:7 & אֵ֫לֶךְ חֹשֶׁךְ Jb 29:3; קֹדֵר אֵלֵךְ ψ 42:10; ה׳ חֲשֵׁכִים Is 50:10, v. also Ez 3:14; perhaps also Gn 15:2 cf. 1 supr.; יֵלְכוּ מֵחַיִל אֶל־חָ֑יִל ψ 84:8 they go from strength to strength; הוֹלֵךְ בַּתֹּם יֵלֶךְ בֶּטַח, Pr 10:9; especially 3. of moral and religious life; יְיַשֶּׁר־לָ֑כֶת Pr 15:21 he maketh straight to walk (walketh straight, upright); partic. a. walk in (בְּ) ways (counsels, statutes, etc.), (1) in good sense: (α) ה׳ בְּדֶרֶךְ תָּמִים ψ 101:6, cf. Is 30:21 Je 6:16 1 K 8:36 = 2 Ch 6:27; (β) in (בְּ) ways of י׳, especially D: Dt 8:6 (‖ לְיִרְאָה אֹתוֹ) cf. 10:12, 11:22 (‖ לְאַהֲבָה אֶת־י׳ etc.), 28:9 (‖ שָׁמַר מִצְוֹת י׳); v. also 13:15 +; 1 K 11:33 (sq. לַעֲשׂוֹת), v 38 (sq. וְעָשִׂיתָ) 2 K 21:22 ψ 119:3; 128:1; בְּאֹרְחֹתָיו Is 2:3 = Mi 4:2; further (sq. דֶּרֶךְ) Ju 2:17; (γ) †in commandments of י׳ 2 Ch 17:4; (δ) in his law(s) (תּוֹרָה) Ex 16:4, 14 (J) 2 K 10:31 Je 9:12; 44:23 (+ בְּחֻקֹּת & בְּעֵדְוֹת), 2 Ch 6:16 Dn 9:10, cf. Ne 10:30 (of אֱלֹהִים); (ε †in his ordinances, statutes (חֻקּוֹת) Lv 26:3 1 K 6:12 Je 44:10, 23 (v. supr.), Ez 5:6, 7; 11:20; 18:9, 17; 20:13, 16, 19, 21, cf. בְּחֻקּוֹת חַיִּים 33:15; also בְּחֻקֵּי 1 K 8:61 Ez 11:12; 36:27; (ζ) †in his judgments (מִשְׁפָּטִים) ψ 89:31 Ez 37:24; (η) † in ordinances of David 1 K 3:3, cf. also infr.; (θ) in way(s) of good man 1 S 8:3, 5 2 Ch 21:12, of David 2 Ch 11:17; 34:2, of David & Sol. 17:3 (2) in bad sense, (α) in (evil) ways c. בְּ 2 K 21:21 Ez 16:47; 23:31 2 Ch 22:3; cf. also (prob.) 2 Ch 21:20 וַיֵּלֶךְ בְּלֹא חֶמְדָּה and he lived undesirably (cf. 𝔊 𝔙 Kmp Öt); > others he departed (died) unregretted, so AV RV; (β) sq. acc. 2 K 21:21 Je 18:15 (ה׳ נְתִיבוֹת); (γ) c. adverb. acc. הוֹלֵךְ עִקְּשׁוּת פֶּה Pr 6:12 one walking in perversity (falseness) of mouth (cf. צְדָקוֹת Is 33:15); (δ) in (בְּ) ordinances, statutes (חֻקּוֹת) of bad men Lv 18:3; 20:23 (both H) 2 K 17:8, 19 Ez 20:18 (בְּחוּקֵּי). b. walk with (אֶת, עִם) i.e. associate, be familiar with: בְּשָׁלוֹם וּבְמִישׁוֹר ה׳ אִתִּי Mal 2:6 in peace and uprightness he walked with me (י׳); הַצְנֵעַ לֶכֶת עִם־אֱלֹהֶיךָ Mi 6:8; but also of people at variance with י׳ וַהֲלַכְתֶּם עִמִּי קֶ֑רִי Lv 26:23 cf. v 27, 40; & of י׳ at variance with people וְהָלַכְתִּי … עִמָּכֶם בְּקֶ֑רִי v 24 cf. v 28 (all H); with men, אֶת־חֲכָמִים Pr 13:20; עִם אַנְשֵׁי רֶשַׁע Jb 34:8; cf. walk with (עִם) vanity Jb 31:5. c. walk before י׳ (לִפְנֵי י׳; c. בֶּאֱמֶת, בְּכָל־לִבָּם etc.) 1 K 2:4; 3:6; 8:23, 25; 9:4 2 Ch 6:16; 7:17 cf. ה׳ קְדֹרַנִּית מִפְּנֵי י׳ Mal 3:14; walk before the living (i.e. walk aright before them) Ec 6:8. d. walk, go, after (אַחֲרֵי) (1) י׳ Dt 13:5 1 K 14:8 Je 2:2 Ho 11:10 +; (2) other gods, Ju 2:12 especially D: Dt 4:3; 6:14; 8:19; 13:3; 28:14 Je 2:23; 7:6; 8:2; 11:10; 16:11; 25:6 +; cf. go & serve other gods Jos 23:16 Dt 13:7, 14; 17:3; 29:17 (cf. 28:14 supr.); (3) things which do not profit Je 2:8; (4) vanity Ho 5:11 (reading שָׁוְא cf. VB); v. also Am 2:4. e. walk in (1) one’s integrity, etc., בְּתֻמִּי ψ 26:11 cf. 84:12 Pr 10:9, v. also ה׳ תָּמִים ψ 15:2, הֹלְכֵי תֹם Pr 2:7; (2) bad sense, in (בְּ) sin 1 K 15:3, 26, 34; 16:2, 26 2 K 13:6, 11 + (especially of wicked kings); (evil) counsel 2 Ch 22:5 cf. ψ 1:1. f. (1) לֵב as subj., (α) = thoughts, לֹא לִבִּי הָלַךְ 2 K 5:26 did not my thoughts go forth; (β) evil inclination, Jb 31:7; אֶל־לֵב שִׁקּוּצֵיהֶם … לִבָּם הֹלֵךְ Ez 11:21; sq. אַחֲרֵי גִלּוּלֵיהֶם 20:16, אַחֲרֵי בִצְעָם 33:31; (2) נֶפֶשׁ = desire, טוֹב מַרְאֵה עֵינַיִם מֵהֲלָךְ־נֶפֶשׁ Ec 6:9 better is sight of the eyes than outgoing of desire. 4. other fig. uses: depart from מִפְּנֵי Ho 11:2 (from prophets as God’s messengers; opp. קָרָא); go into, הָֽלְכוּ בַכְּלִמָּה Is 45:16 they have gone into confusion (judgment on idol-makers); etc.
†Niph. Pf. 1 s. כְּצֵל כִּנְטוֹתוֹ נֶהֱלָ֑כְתִּי ψ 109:23 like a shadow when it stretches out I am gone (cf. היה Niph.)
†Pi. (chiefly poet. & late) Pf. הִלַּכְתִּי Jb 30:28 ψ 131:1; הִלָּ֑כְתִּי ψ 38:7; 3 pl. הִלְּכוּ Jb 24:10 La 5:18; Impf. יְהַלֵּךְ Ez 18:9 + 2 times; וַיְהַלֵּךְ 1 K 21:27; 1 s. אֲהַלֵּךְ ψ 86:11 + 2 times; 3 mpl. יְהַלֵּ֑כוּ Hb 3:11 + 2 times; יְהַלֵּכ֑וּן ψ 89:16 + 2 times; 1 pl. נְהַלֵּךְ ψ 55:15 Is 59:9; Imv. הַלֵּךְ Ec 11:9; Pt. מְהַלֵּךְ Pr 6:11 ψ 104:3; מְהַלְּכִים Ec 4:15;— 1. walk in or with a throng sq. בְּ loc.: בְּבֵית א׳ נְהַלֵּךְ בְּרָ֑גֶשׁ ψ 55:15; walk, tread on coals עַל־הַגֶּחָלִים Pr 6:28; of idols ψ 115:7 they do not walk, have not the power of walking (cf. יִצְעָ֑דוּ Je 10:5); of one tramping, formidable, sim. of poverty וּבָא־כִמְהַלֵּךְ רֵאשֶׁ֑ךָ Pr 6:11,—a highwayman according to Ges Ew Hi Now, cf. 𝔊; ‖ מַחְסֹרְךָ כְּאִישׁ מָגֵן (cf. also Hithp. 24:34); of י׳, walking (in majesty), marching, עַל־כַּנְפֵי רוּחַ ψ 104:3 on the wings of the wind; of righteousness, personified, צֶדֶק לְפָנָיו יְהַלֵּךְ ψ 85:14; of wisdom בְּאֹרַח צְדָקָה אֲהַלֵּךְ Pr 8:20 in the path of righteousness do I walk (stedfastly, unswervingly); of animals, go about, prowl, עַל הַר־צִיּוֹן שֶׁה֯שָּׁמֵם שׁוּעָלִים הִלְּכוּ ב֑וֹ (Qr שֶׁשָּׁמֵם) La 5:18, of ships, in (stately) movement ψ 104:26; of springs 104:10 between mountains they go (run, flow); of arrows Hb 3:11 at the light of thine arrows that go (fly, shoot; cf. Hithp. ψ 77:18). 2. also of walking about = living הַמְֿהַלְּכִים תַּחַת הַשָּׁ֑מֶשׁ Ec 4:15; עָרוֹם הִלְּכוּ בְּלִי לְבוּשׁ Jb 24:10 naked they keep going about (freq.), without clothing; so of going about as mourner קֹדֵר הִלַּכְתִּי Jb 30:28 ψ 38:7 (cf. Qal ψ 42:10); בַּאֲפֵלוֹת נְהַלֵּךְ Is 59:9 in darkness we walk (of distress); on the other hand בְּאוֹר פָּנֶיךָ יְהַלֵּכ֑וּן ψ 89:16 (of blessedness & prosperity). 3. depart, go entirely away (מִן) מִמְּקוֹם קָדוֹשׁ יְהַלֵּ֑כוּ Ec 8:10 from the holy place they must depart (on text cf. VB; ‖ וְיִשְׁתַּכְּחוּ בָעִיר). 4. fig. of mode of life, action, etc.: of particular path of one’s life בְּאֹרַח־זוּ אֲהַלֵּךְ ψ 142:4; specif. in good sense וַיְהַלֵּךְ אַ֑ט 1 K 21:27 and he (Ahab) walked softly (as a penitent); oftener c. בְּ of path in which: בִּדְרָכַי יְהַלֵּ֑כוּ ψ 81:14 that in my ways they would walk! cf. 86:11 (בַּאֲמִתֶּ֑ךָ), Ez 18:9 (בְּחֻקּוֹתַי); in bad or doubtful sense וְהַלֵּךְ בְּדַרְכֵי לִבְּךָ וּבְמַרְאֵי עֵינֶי֑ךָ Ec 11:9; cf. also לֹא הִלַּכְתִּי בִּגְדֹלֹת ψ 131:1 I do not walk (move, tread) among great things (‖ וּבְנִפְלָאוֹת מִמֶּנִּי; fig. of humility, cf. also v a).
†Hithp. Pf. הִתְהַלֶּךְ־ Gn 6:9 1 S 30:31; וְהִתְהַלֵּךְ consec. Ex 21:19 1 S 2:35; 2 ms. הִתְהַלָּ֑כְתָּ Ez 28:14 Jb 38:16; 1 s. הִתְהַלַּכְתִּי Gn 24:40 + 5 times, etc.; Impf. יִתְהַלֵּךְ Pr 23:31; יִתְהַלָּ֑ךְ Jb 18:8; 22:14; 1 s. אֶתְהַלֵּךְ ψ 43:2 + 2 times; וְאֶתְהַלְּכָה ψ 119:45; 3 mpl. יִתְהַלְּכוּ 1 S 2:30 + 2 times; וַיִּתְהַלְּכוּ Ju 21:24 + 3 times; יִתְהַלָּ֑כוּ 1 S 23:13 + 3 times; יִתְהַלָּכ֑וּן ψ 12:9; 3 fpl. וַתִּתְהַלַּכְנָה Zc 6:7, etc.; Imv. הִתְהַלֵּךְ Gn 13:17; 17:1; הִתְהַלְּכוּ Jos 18:8 Zc 6:7; Inf. (לְ)הִתְהַלֵּךְ ψ 56:14 + 4 times; sf. הִתְהַלֶּכְךָ Pr 6:22; Pt. מִתְהַלֵּךְ Gn 3:8 + 7 times; fs. מִתְהַלָּכֶת Ez 1:13; mpl. מִתְהַלְּכִים 1 S 25:27;—walk, walk about, move to and fro: 1. lit. a. traverse, in this direction and that, Gn 13:17 (J; בָּאָרֶץ) Jos 18:4 (JE), v 8 (id.; לְכוּ וְהִתְה׳ בָּאָרֶץ); cf. Jb 1:7 = 2:2 (both ‖ שׁוּט) Zc 1:10, 11; similarly also 1 Ch 21:4; of fiery appearance in Ezek.’s vision מִתְה׳ בֵּין הַחַיּוֹת Ez 1:13; of horses in Zec.’s vision Zc 6:7 (לָלֶכֶת לְהִתְ׳ בָּאָרֶץ), v 7 (לְכוּ הִתְהַלְּכוּ בָּא׳), v 7; go in different directions וַיִּתְה׳ מִשָּׁם בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל … אִישׁ לְשִׁבְטוֹ Ju 21:24 (‖ וַיֵּצְאוּ מִשָּׁם etc.); so of lightning flashes as arrows of י׳ ψ 77:18 went hither & thither; of water running off different ways 58:8 (sim. of vanishing of wicked). b. walk, walk about הִתְהַלֵּךְ בַּחוּץ עַל־מִשְׁעַנְתּוֹ Ex 21:19 (JE) i.e. leaning upon his staff; Pr 6:22 (distinguished from שָׁכַב, הֵקִיץ); 2 S 11:2 (עַל־גַּג בֵּית הַמֶּלֶךְ); וּבְחֵקֶר תְּהוֹם הִתְהַלָּ֑כְתָּ Jb 38:16 and in the farthest ground of the deep hast thou walked? בְּתוֹךְ אַבְנֵי־אֵשׁ הִתְהַלָּ֑כְתָּ Ez 28:14; so also of י׳, walking on earth, in anthropomorphic conception קוֹל י׳ אֱלֹהִים מִתְהַלֵּךְ בַּגָּן Gn 3:8 (J) the sound of י׳ Elohim walking about in the garden; of God וְחוּג שָׁמַיִם יִתְהַלָּ֑ךְ Jb 22:14 and the vault of heaven he walketh; walk about in front of (לִפְנֵי) Est 2:11; attend, follow, of retainers הַמִּתְהַלְּכִים בְּרַגְלֵי אֲדֹנִי 1 S 25:27; wander, of Israel מִגּוֹי אֶל־גּוֹי ψ 105:13 = 1 Ch 16:20; rove about, of David and his band אֲשֶׁר־הִתְהַלֶּךְ־שָׁם 1 S 30:31; וַיִּתְהַלְּכוּ בַּאֲשֶׁר יִתְהַלָּ֑כוּ 23:13 (on this phr. cf. Lag ^{Psalt. Hieron. 1874, 156 f.} Dr^Sm); walk about, prowl, of Jehoiachin under fig. of lion, וַיִּתְה׳ בְּתוֹךְ־אֲרָיוֹת Ez 19:6; cf. also וּבָא־מִתְהַלֵּךְ רֵישֶׁ֑ךָ Pr 24:34 and thy poverty cometh marching (cf. Pi. 6:11); glide, flow of wine יִתְה׳ בְּמֵישָׁרִים Pr 23:31 glideth down smoothly (VB; cf. Qal 3 Ct 7:10); note especially the foll., where emphasis lies not on verb, but on an auxiliary word; these cases form the natural transition to the figurative use:—ψ 12:9 on every side wicked men are walking; בְּצֶלֶם יִתְהַלֶּךְ־אִישׁ 39:7 in appearance (semblance, lit. image cf. Che ^{crit. n.}) walketh a man; also לָמָּה קֹדֵר אֶתְהַלֵּךְ 43:2 (cf. Qal 42:10, Pi. 38:7 Jb 30:28). 2. fig. walk about = live; the king before (לִפְנֵי) his people 1 S 12:2, so of Samuel v 2; of priest 2:35 (לִפְנֵי מְשִׁיחִי); of friendly intercourse with (אֶת) men 1 S 25:15; cf. כְּרֵעַ כְּאָה־לִי הִתְהַלָּ֑כְתִּי ψ 35:14; of man’s relation to God: especially sq. לִפְנֵי, ה׳ לְפָנַי וֶהְיֵה תָמִים Gn 17:1 (P) walk before me (live constantly in my presence) and (so) be perfect, cf. 24:40 (J), 48:15 (E); ה׳ לְפָנֶיךָ בֶּאֱמֶת וּבְלֵבָב שָׁלֵם 2 K 20:3 = Is 38:3; as token of divine favour יִתְהַלְּכוּ לְפָנַי עַד־עוֹלָם 1 S 2:30 (v. especially Dr, on sense here & elsewhere); ψ 116:9 אֶתְהַלֵּךְ לִפְנֵי י׳ בְּאַרְצוֹת הַחַיִּים, 56:14 (בְּאוֹר הַחַיִּים); יִתְה׳ בִּשְׁמוֹ Zc 10:12 they shall walk in his name; c. אֶת, of Enoch and Noah ה׳ אֶת־הָאֱלֹהִים Gn 5:22, 24; 6:9 (denoting intimacy, fellowship: all P); further ה׳ בַּאֲמִתֶּ֑ךָ ψ 26:3 I have walked in thy faithfulness; מִתְה׳ בְּתֻמּוֹ צַדִּיק Pr 20:7 he that walketh justly in his (own) integrity; אֶתְה׳ בְּתָם־לְבָבִי בְּקֶרֶב בֵּיתִי ψ 101:2; cf. also ψ 119:45 and let me walk in a large place (untrammelled, undismayed); of the wicked מִתְהַלֵּךְ בַּאֲשָׁמָיו ψ 68:22 one going on in his guilty deeds; בַּחֲשֵׁכָה יִתְה׳ ψ 82:5 they walk in darkness (‖ לֹא יָֽדְעוּ וְלֹא יָבִינוּ); of their exposure עַל־שְׂבָכָה יִתְה׳ Jb 18:8 he walketh on net-work, (snare, cf. שׂבכה; ‖ שֻׁלַּח בְּרֶשֶׁת בְּרַגְלָיו); especially of י׳ as accompanying Israel מִתְה׳ בְּקֶרֶב מַחֲנֶךָ Dt 23:15 walk in the midst, etc., בְּתוֹכְכֶם Lv 26:12; 2 S 7:7 wherever (בְּכֹל אֲשֶׁר) I have walked with (among בְּ) all (the sons of) Isr. = 1 Ch 17:6; as inhabiting a tent, on the march, וָאֶהְיֶה מִתְהַלֵּךְ בְּאֹהֶל וּבְמִשְׁכָּ֑ן 2 S 7:6 and I was walking in a tent and in a tabernacle.
†Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. הוֹלִיךְ (as if from ילך, i.e. a verb פ״ו, cf. reff. sub Qal Impf. supr.) 2 K 24:15; sf. הוֹלִיכְךָ Dt 8:2, וְהוֹלִיכוֹ consec. Pr 16:29, etc.; Impf. יוֹלִיךְ Ec 10:20, יוֹלִךְ Je 32:5; juss. יוֹלֵךְ Dt 28:36; שֶׁיֹּלֵךְ Ec 5:14; וַיּוֹ֫לֶךְ Ex 14:21 וַיֹּ֫לֶךְ 2 K 6:19 + 2 times; וַיֹּלַ֖ךְ La 3:2; sf. וַיּוֹלִכֵנִי Ez 40:24; 43:1; 47:6 1 s. אוֹלִיךְ 2 S 13:13 Ez 32:14, cohort. וְאוֹלִיכָה 2 K 6:19, וָאוֹלֵךְ Am 2:10 + 3 times, etc.; Imv. הוֹלֵךְ Nu 17:11; fs. הֵילִיכִי Ex 2:9 (Bö^{ii 461, § 1103}; but read prob. הוֹלִיכִי Ol^{§ 256, b} Ges^{§ 69x}); mpl. הֹלִיכוּ 2 K 17:27; Inf. sf. לְהֹלִיכוֹ 2 Ch 36:6; Pt. מוֹלִיךְ Je 2:6 + 4 times; sf. מוֹלִיכְךָ Dt 8:15, מוֹלִכֵךְ Je 2:17; מוֹלִיכָם Is 63:13; fpl. מוֹלִכוֹת Zc 5:10;— 1. lead, bring: sq. acc. usually of person; a. c. בְּ of space or region through which, Dt 8:15 (Isr. in wilderness) Je 2:6 ψ 136:16, so also Is 48:21; בַּדָּ֑רֶךְ Je 2:17; cf. Jos 24:3 (E), Is 63:13 ψ 106:9; also fig. Is 42:16 and I will lead (the) blind in a way (בְּדֶרֶךְ) they know not; b. c. acc. pers., בְּ of space + acc. of time וָאוֹלֵךְ אֶתְכֶם אַרְבָּעִים שָׁנָה בַּמִּדְבָּר Dt 29:4; so Am 2:10 (sq. Inf. of purpose c. לְ). c. sq. acc. pers. + acc. of way, road, Dt 8:2, cf. דֶּרֶךְ הַדָּרוֹם Ez 40:24 (acc. of direction). d. sq. acc. pers. + acc. of place or condition to which אֶת־נְשֵׁי הַמֶּלֶךְ … הוֹלִיךְ גּוֹלָה 2 K 24:15 the women of the king, etc., he led into exile (מִירוּשָׁלַםִ בָּבֶ֑לָה); so also, of exile וְהוֹלַכְתִּיהָ הַמִּדְבָּר Ho 2:16; בָּבֶל Je 32:5; cf. of Yahweh’s chastisement, La 3:2 me hath he driven and brought, into darkness and not into light; sq. acc. pers. + אֶל: אֶל־גּוֹי etc. Dt 28:36 (of exile); אֶל־נַחֲלֵי־מַיִם Je 31:9; אֶל־הַשַּׁעַר Ez 43:1; אֶל־הָעֵדָה Nu 17:11 (P; implic. obj. being censer); אֶל of pers. 2 K 6:19 Je 52:26, עַל in ‖ 2 K 25:20; עַל also 1 K 1:38 וַיֹּלִכוּ אֹתוֹ עַל־גִּיחוֹן (see sub עַל 7 c β). e. sq. acc. pers. + ה—ָ loc.: שֹׁמְרֹ֫נָה 2 K 6:19; בָּבֶ֫לָה 2 Ch 33:11; 36:6 (cf. 2 K 24:15 supr.); cf. שָׁ֫מָּה 2 K 17:27. 2. lead away sq. acc. pers. + appos.; מוֹלִיךְ יוֹעֲצִים שׁוֹלָ֑ל Jb 12:17 he (י׳) leadeth away counsellors despoiled cf. v 19; of Yahweh’s judgment on the wicked ψ 125:5 י׳ will lead them away with (אֶת) the workers of iniquity. 3. carry, bring: c. obj. helpless, or inanimate: a. + acc. loc., Josiah to Jerusalem (יְרוּשָׁלִַם) 2 Ch 35:24 (וַיְבִיאֻהוּ in ‖ 2 K 23:30); cf. Zc 5:10 whither are these carrying the ephah? אָ֫נָה אוֹלִיךְ אֶת־חֶרְפָּתִי 2 S 13:13. b. carry, take, take away, הֵילִיכִי אֶת־הַיֶּלָד Ex 2:9 (E; on form cf. supr.); also carry away בְּיָדוֹ, in his hand, Ec 5:14; of the spread of a careless speech Ec 10:20 fowl of the heavens shall carry the voice (‖ בַּעַל ה֯כְּנָפַיִם יַגֵּיד דָּבָר). 4. fig., of influence on character: c. acc. pers. + בְּ into: Pr 16:29 and he will lead him into a way that is not good (i.e. sinful). 5. a. cause to walk, go, men (i.e. עַמִּי יִשְׂרָאֵל) on (עַל) the mountains of Israel Ez 36:12 (‖ וִירֵשׁוּךָ, וְהָיִיתָ לָהֶם לְנַחֲלָה); cf. וָאוֹלֵךְ אֶתְכֶם קוֹמֲמִיּוּת Lv 26:13 and I caused you to walk upright (fig.; opp. to being bowed down by a yoke); Is 63:12 that caused his glorious arm to go at (לְ) the right hand of Moses. b. cause to flow, run Ez 32:14 and rivers like oil will I cause to flow. c. cause to depart, retire, go back, י׳, the sea, Ex 14:21 (בְּ instr., בְּרוּחַ קָדִים).

הִלֵּל

† הִלֵּל n.pr.m. (he hath praised; cf. NH n.pr. הִלֵּל, Hillel) father of a judge of Israel Ju 12:13, 15, called הַפִּרְעָתוֹנִי v. פִּרְעָתוֹן.

הָלַל

† I. [הָלַל] vb. shine (according to Thes al. = II. הלל (splenduit, from sonuit acute, clare, so Thes; these meanings, however, merely assumed); but v. Lag^{Or. ii. 19}; cf. Arabic هَلَّ begin to shine, هِلَالٌ new moon; Assyrian elêlu, be bright, ellu, bright COT^Gloss.)—
Qal only Inf. sf. בְּהִלּוֹ נֵרוֹ עֲלֵי רֹאשִׁי Jb 29:3 when it, viz. his lamp, shone upon my head (cf. Ew§ 309 c), fig. of God’s favour.
Hiph. Impf. יָהֵל Jb 31:26, 3 fs. תָּהֶל Jb 41:10; 3 mpl. יָהֵלּוּ Is 13:10;—flash forth light, of heavenly bodies, אוֹר = sun Jb 31:26 (‖ יָרֵחַ יָקָר הֹלֵךְ); sq. acc. cogn. כּוֹכְבֵי הַשָּׁמַיִם וּכְסִילֵיהֶם לֹא יָהֵלּוּ אוֹרָם Is 13:10 (‖ חָשַׁךְ הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ, & יָרֵחַ לֹא־יַגִּיהַּ אוֹרוֹ); also of crocodile עֲטִישֹׁתָיו תָּ֫הֶל אוֹר Jb 41:10 his sneezings flash forth light (shining water-drops).

הָלַל²

† II. [הָלַל] vb. be boastful, Pi. praise (Arabic هَلَّ shout, both in joy & (if conject. of Nö RS be right, v. cit. infr.) in terror; especially ii. in formula of worship; Syriac Pa. ܗܰܥܶܠ cecinit, laudavit; cf. NH הִלּוּל praise, הַלֵּל id., Hallel (ψ 113—118); Aramaic הִילּוּלָא marriage-song, &c.; on Assyrian alâlu, shout for joy, rejoice v. Lyon ^{Sargontexte 66 (Cylinder, l. 36)} also Winckler^{Sargontexte 134, l. 194; 156, l. 149} KB^{44, l. 36; 80, l. 194}; all variations of cry aloud, cf. Nö^{ZMG 1887, 723} RS^{Sem 411}; perhaps orig. break through, or out (in a cry), cf. We^{Skizzen iii. 107 ff., especially 109}; comp. also (according to Prät^{BAS i. 369 f.}) Ethiopic ተማህለለ; implore (cf. Amhar. Tigr.), & መሀለ; swear)—
Qal Impf. 2 mpl. תָּהֹ֑לּוּ ψ 75:5; Pt. הוֹלֲלִים ψ 5:6 + 2 times;—be boastful אַל־תָּהֹ֑לּוּ ψ 75:5 (‖ אַל־תָּרִימוּקָ֑רֶן); pt. boastful ones, boasters ψ 5:6 (‖ פֹּעֲלֵי אָוֶן); 73:3; 75:5 (both ‖ רְשָׁעִים).
Pi. Pf. הִלֵּל ψ 10:3, 1 s. sf. הִלַּלְתִּיךָ ψ 119:164; 3 mpl. וְהִלֲלוּ consec. Is 62:9, sf. הִלֲלוּךָ Is 64:10, etc.; Impf. יְהַלֶּל־ ψ 63:6; 102:19; sf. יְהַלֶּלְךָ Pr 27:2, יְהַלֲלֶ֑ךָּ Is 38:18, וַיְהַלֲלָהּ Pr 31:28; 31 s. אֲהַלֵּל ψ 56:5 + 2 times, cohort. אֲהַלֲלָה ψ 69:31 + 2 times, etc.; Imv. fs. הַלֲלִי ψ 146:1; 147:12; mpl. הַלְלוּ ψ 104:35 + 30 times ψ + Je 20:13; 31:7; sf. הַלֲלוּ֫הוּ ψ 22:24 + 15 times ψ; Inf. abs. הַלֵּל 1 Ch 16:36; cstr. הַלֵּל 2 S 14:25 + 16 times Chr; Pt. pl. מְהַלֲלִים 1 Ch 23:5 + 4 times Ch;— 1. praise man or woman, acc. וַיְהַלֲלוּ אֹתָהּ אֶל־פַּרְעֹה Gn 12:15 (J) and they praised her to Pharaoh, cf. Pr 27:2; 31:28, 31 Ct 6:9; וְהַמְהַלֲלִים אֶת־הַמֶּלֶךְ 2 Ch 23:12 and those praising (shouting acclamations to) the king; v. also לְהַלֵּל מְאֹד 2 S 14:25 (of Absalom’s beauty); in bad sense עֹזְבֵי תוֹרָה יְהַלֲלוּ רָשָׁע Pr 28:4 deserters of law praise a wicked man. 2. usually praise אֱלֹהִים, י׳, etc.: a. sq. acc. of heathen god Ju 16:24. b. obj. י׳ (אֱלֹהִים); ψ 119:164 (עַל on account of), subj. heaven, earth, seas, etc., ψ 69:35; תְּחִי נַפְשִׁי וּתְהַלֲלֶךָּ ψ 119·164;175; in summons to all creatures to praise 148:5, 13; Is 38:18 לֹא שְׁאוֹל תּוֹדֶךָּ מָוֶת יְהַלֲלֶ֑ךָּ (cf. ψ 115:17); often of public worship in sanctuary, Is 62:9 (thanksgiving in sanctuary after harvest), cf. 64:10 ψ 22:23 (‖ אֲסַפְּרָה שִׁמְךָ), v 27; 35:18; 109:30 (both ‖ אוֹדְךָ) 107:32 (‖ יְרוֹמֲמוּהוּ) 84:5, v. also 146:2 (‖ אֲזַמְּרָה לֵא׳) 149:3 (c. בְּ instr.; ‖ יְזַמְּרוּ לוֹ) also obj. שֵׁם י׳ (in some cases of public worship) ψ 74:21; 148:5, Jo 2:26 (thanksgiving after harvest); שֵׁם־אֱלֹהִים בְּשִׁיר ψ 69:31 (‖ וַאֲגַדְּלֶנּוּ בְתוֹדָה), 145:2 (‖ אֲכָֽרֲכֶ֑ךָּ); further, ψ 56:5 בֵּאלֹהִים אֲהַלֵּל דְּבָרוֹ, also v 11 + v 11b ביהוה וגו׳, but cf. Hup Che on 11b as editorial addition; obj. not expressed הַשְׁמִיעוּ הַלֲלוּ וְאִמְרוּ הוֹשַׁע י׳ אֶת־עַמְּךָ Je 31:7, וְשִׂפְתֵי רְנָנוֹת יְהַלֶּל־פִּי ψ 63:6. c. use of Imv. deserves special notice: הַלֲלוּהוּ ψ 22:24 (‖ כַּבְּדוּהוּ; of temple-worship cf. v 23, 25); also in summons to angels, sun, moon, etc. (all created things) to praise י׳ 148:2^(×2), 3^(×2), 4; 150:1; of temple-worship 150:2 (בְּ on account of) v 2 (כְּ), v 3^(×2), 4^(×2), 5^(×2) (all c. בְּ instr.); further Je 20:13 (‖ שִׁירוּ לי׳), הַלֲלוּ אֶת־י׳ ψ 117:1 (addressed to nations, ‖ שַׁבְּחוּהוּ), 148:7 (created things), הַלֲלִי אֱלֹהַיִךְ צִיּוֹן 147:12 (‖ שַׁבְּחִי יְרוּשָׁלִַם אֶת־י׳). d. note especially: praise ye Yah! הַלֲלוּ־יָהּ ψ 135:3, liturgical (‖ זַמְּרוּ לִשְׁמוֹ); elsewhere always one word v. Baer^{ψ p. 115}, & always at beginning or end of ψ (chiefly late), appar. liturgical; הַלֲלוּיָ֑הֿ ψ 104:35 (‖ בָּֽרְכִי נַפְשִׁי אֶת־י׳), elsewhere הַלֲלוּיָהּ: (1) at beginning ψ 106:1; 111:1 (both ‖ הודה) 112:1; 113:1 (‖ הַלֲלוּ & ה׳ אֶת־שֵׁם י׳), 135:1 (‖ id.), 146:1 (‖ הַלֲלִי נַפְשִׁי אֶת־י׳), 147:1 (sq. זַמְּרָה in cl. with כִּי), 148:1 (‖ הַלֲלוּ אֶת־י׳, הַלֲלוּהוּ), 149:1 (‖ שִׁירוּ לי׳), 150:1 (‖ הַלֲלוּ־אֵל, הַלֲלוּהוּ); (2) at end ψ 104:35 (supr.), 105:45; 106:48; 113:9; 115:18 (‖ נְבָרֵךְ יָהּ), 116:19; 117:2; 135:21 (‖ בָּרוּךְ י׳) 146:10; 147:20; 148:14; 149:9; 150:6 (‖ כֹּל הַנְּשָׁמָה תְּהַלֵּל יָהּ); add to these (not liturgical) יְהַלֶּל־יָהּ ψ 102:19, כֹּל נְשָׁמָה תְּהַלֵּל יָהּ 150:6, לֹא הַמֵּתִים יְהַלֲלוּ־יָהּ 115:17. e. also sq. ליהוה, in Chr, of technical Levitical function (cf. Lag^{Or. ii. 16 ff.}, who limits this technical הלל to priests, using חֲצֹצְרוֹת, for a signal to the people; v. e.g. Ne 12:24 cf. v 27), 1 Ch 16:4 (with instrumental music, cf. בִּכְלֵי נְבָלִים וּבְכִנֹּרוֹת & בַּמְצִלְתַּיִם, all v 5, and Ne 12:27) 23:30; 25:3 (all ‖ הוֹדוֹת); exercised (apparently) by both priests and Levites Ezr 3:11 (‖ הֹדוֹת) cf. v 11; by Levites 2 Ch 20:19 (בְּקֹל גָּדוֹל), 29:30 (בְּדִבְרֵי דָוִיד) in which the people also joined 1 Ch 16:36; also 2 Ch 5:13 (בַּחֲצֹצְרוֹת וּבִמְצִלְתַּיִם וּבִכְלֵי הַשִּׁיר cf. also v 12; ‖ הֹדוֹת), v 13 (appar. of Levites & priests), מְהַלֲלִים לי׳ בַּכֵּלִים 1 Ch 23:5 (Levites) cf. 2 Ch 30:21 (Levites & priests בִּכְלֵי עֹז לי׳); sq. לְשֵׁם תִּפְאַרְתֶּ֑ךָ 1 Ch 29:13 (‖ מוֹדִים; David speaks in name of people); sq. לְהַדְרַת־קֹ֑דֶשׁ 2 Ch 20:21 (before the army; ‖ מְשֹׁרֲרִים לי׳; prob. of Levites, cf. v 19). f. sq. acc. י׳ Ezr 3:10 (priests & Levites: עַל־יְדֵי דָּוִיד), Ne 5:13 (people). g. other forms, with like technical sense, but abs.: לְהַלֵּל לְהוֹדוֹת בְּמִצְוַת דָּוִיד Ne 12:24 (Levites) cf. 1 Ch 23:5 2 Ch 8:14; 29:30 (עַד־לְשִׂמְחָה) 2 Ch 31:2 (appar. priests & Levites; בְּשַׁעֲרֵי מַחֲנוֹת י׳; ‖ לְשָׁרֵת וּלְהֹדוֹת); v. also מוֹדִיעִים לְהַלֵּל 2 Ch 23:13 (‖ מְשׁוֹרֲרִים בִּכְלַי הַשִּׁיר); בְּהַלֵּל דָּוִיד בְּיָדָם 2 Ch 7:6 (‖ הֹדוֹת ליהוה). 3. appar. make one’s boast cf. Hithpa. 2 (sq. בְּ in, of), בֵּאלֹהִים ψ 44:9 (‖ שִׁמְךָ לְעוֹלָם נוֹדֶה); so, according to most, in bad sense, ה׳ רָשָׁע עַל־תַּאֲוַת נַפְשׁוֹ ψ 10:3 a wicked man boasteth of the desire of his soul, but Che praiseth (י׳) for (i.e. in a mercenary spirit).
Pu. Pf. 3 pl. הוּלָּ֑לוּ ψ 78:63; Impf. יְהֻלַּל־ Pr 12:8; Pt. מְהֻלָּל 2 S 22:4 + 6 times; f. הַהֻלָּ֑לָה Ez 26:17 (cf. Ol^{§ 250 c} Sta^{§ 220, 617 b}; MT, however, accents as Pf., regarding הַ as = relative, v. Sta^{§ 176 c} Ges^{§ 52. 2, R. 6});—be praised, 1. human subj., be praised, commended Pr 12:8 (opp. יִהְיֶה לָבוּז); of maidens, praised, celebrated (in song) ψ 78:63; pt. (v. supr.) of city, renowned Ez 26:17. 2. of י׳, only pt. = gerundive, to be praised, worthy of praise 2 S 22:4 = ψ 18:4; גָּדוֹל י׳ וּמְה׳ מְאֹד ψ 48:2; 96:4 = 1 Ch 16:25, ψ 145:3; so מְה׳ שֵׁם י׳ 113:3.
Hithpa. Impf. יִתְהַלֵּל 1 K 20:11 + 5 times; יִתְהַלָּ֑ל Pr 20:14; 3 fs. תִּתְהַלֵּל ψ 34:3, תִּתְהַלָּ֑ל Pr 31:30; 2 ms. תִּתְהַלֵּל ψ 52:3 Pr 27:1; תִּתְהַלָּ֑ל Is 41:16; 2 fs. תִּתְהַלֲלִי Je 49:4; 3 mpl. יִתְהַלֲלוּ ψ 64:11 Is 45:25; יִתְהַלָּ֑לוּ ψ 49:7 Je 4:2; Imv. mpl. הִתְהַלֲלוּ 1 Ch 16:10 ψ 105:3; Inf. לְהִתְהַלֵּל ψ 106:5; Pt. מִתְהַלֵּל Pr 25:14 Je 9:23; pl. מִתְהַלֲלִים ψ 97:7;—glory, boast, make one’s boast:— 1. of self-confident boasting, abs. 1 K 20:11 cf. Pr 20:14; sq. בְּ of ground of boast Je 9:22^(×3); 49:4 ψ 49:7; 52:3 Pr 25:14, אַל־תִּתְהַלֵּל בְּיוֹם מָחָר Pr 27:1; of glorying in idols הַמִּתְהַלֲלִים בָּאֱלִילִים ψ 97:7. 2. of glorying, making one’s boast in (בְּ, on the ground of) י׳: בי׳ תִּתְהַלֵּל נַפְשִׁי ψ 34:3, cf. Is 45:25 Je 4:2 (‖ וְהִתְבָּֽרְכוּ בוֹ); sq. בִּקְדוֹשׁ יִשְׂרָאֵל Is 41:16; v. also ψ 105:3 = 1 Ch 16:10 sq. בְּשֵׁם קָדְשׁוֹ (‖ יִשְׂמַח לֵב מְבַקְשֵׁי י׳), cf. further Je 9:23; less often abs. Je 9:23 ψ 63:12; 64:11 & 106:5 sq. עִם־נַחֲלָתֶ֑ךָ together with thine heritage (‖ לִשְׂמֹחַ בְּשִׂמְחַת גּוֹיֶ֑ךָ). 3. once, late = pass. be praised, commended, of God-fearing woman Pr 31:30. Poʿel Impf. יְהוֹלֵל Is 44:25 + 2 times;—make into a fool, make fool of, obj. שֹׁפְטִים Jb 12:17 (subj. י׳; ‖ מוֹלִיךְ יוֹעֲצִים שׁוֹלָ֑ל); obj. קֹסְמִים Is 44:25 (subj. י׳ ‖ מֵפֵר אֹתוֹת בַּדִּים); obj. חָכָם Ec 7:7 (subj. הָעשֶׁק; ‖ וִיאַבֵּד אֶת־לֵב מַתָּנָה). Poʿal Pt. לִשְׂחוֹק אָמַרְתִּי מְהוֹלָ֑ל Ec 2:2 of laughter I said, It is mad (folly); מְהוֹלָלַי ψ 102:9 those mad against me (‖ אוֹיְבָ֑י).
Hithpo. Impf. וַיִּתְהֹלֵל 1 S 21:14; 3 mpl. יִתְהֹלֲלוּ Je 51:7, יִתְהוֹלֲלוּ Na 2:5, יִתְהֹלָ֑לוּ Je 50:38; Imv. mpl. הִתְהֹלֲלוּ Je 46:9, הִתְהֹלָ֑לוּ Je 25:16;—act madly, or like a madman, וַיִּתְהֹלֵל בְּיָדָם 1 S 21:14 (of David) and he acted like a madman in their hands; of idolatrous worship by Chaldeans וּבָאֵימִים יִתְה׳ Je 50:38; of nations, as drunken men, fig. of terror at Yahweh’s judgments, Je 25:16 (‖ הִתְגֹּעֲשׁוּ) 51:7; also of madly driving & jolting chariots Na 2:5 Je 46:9.

הַלֲלוּיָהּ

הַלֲלוּיָהּ, הַלֲלוּיָהֿ v. הלל Pi.

הֲלֹם

† הֲלֹם adv. of place, hither (Arabic هَلُمَّ hither!)—Ex 3:5 אַל־תִּקְרַב הֲלֹם approach not hither, Ju 18:3; 20:7 1 S 10:22; 14:16 and lo, the camp melted away וַיֵּלֶךְ וַהֲלֹם read with 𝔊 (ἔνθεν καὶ ἔνθεν) Th We Dr הֲלֹם וַהֲלֹם hither and thither i.e. in different directions (cf. הֵנָּה וָהֵנָּה Jos 8:20), v 36, 38 Ru 2:14; עַד הֲלֹם fig. hitherto, thus far (i.e. to this point of dignity and greatness) 2 S 7:18 (= 1 Ch 17:16). ψ 73:10, if text be sound, הֲלֹם must mean thither (sc. after the persons described v 3—9); but such sense questionable; read prob. with Houb La for ישיב עמו הלם, יַשְׂבִּעֵמוֹ לָ֑חֶם satisfies them with bread: cf. Che Hup-Now. Gn 16:13 = here; but here also text is dub.: v Di. Ju 14:15 read הֲלֹם for הֲלֹא: v. הֲ 1 end.

הֶ֫לֶם

† הֶ֫לֶם n.pr.m. a man of Asher 1 Ch 7:35.

הָלַם

† [הָלַם] vb. smite, hammer, strike down (cf. Ph. מהלם infr. sub מַהֲלֻמוֹת);—
Qal Pf. 3 fs. וְהָֽלְמָה consec. Ju 5:26; 3 pl. הָֽלְמוּ Ju 5:22 Is 16:8; sf. הֲלָמוּנִי Pr 23:35; Impf. 3 ms. sf. יֶהֶלְמֵנִי ψ 141:5; 3 mpl. יַהֲלֹמ֑וּן ψ 74:6; Pt. act. ה֫וֹלֶם פָּ֑עַם Is 41:7 (cf. Ges^{§ 29, 3 b}); pass. cstr. הֲלוּמֵי Is 28:1;—smite (with hammer), sq. acc. pers. Ju 5:26 (fatally; ‖ מָחַק, מָחַץ); also fig. of correction, discipline ψ 141:5 (‖ הוֹכִיחַ); of intoxicating wine גֶּפֶן שִׂבְמָה בַּעֲלֵי גוֹיִם הָֽלְמוּ שְׂרוּקֶּיהָ Is 16:8 the vine of Sibma, its choice branches smote down lords of nations (so Hi De Che Brd Di al., RVm; lords subj. according to Ges Ew al. AV RV); also הֲלוּמֵי יַיִן smitten down by wine Is 28:1; cf. further Pr 23:35; sq. acc. rei ה֫וֹלֶם־פָּ֑עַם Is 41:7 one striking an anvil; smite down, or strike off ψ 74:6 (obj. פִּתּוּחִים carved work); also abs. of horses’ hoofs Ju 5:22.—On וַהֲלֹם 1 S 14:16 v. הֲלֹם.

הַלְמוּת

† הַלְמוּת n.m. hammer, mallet, only cstr. ה׳ עֲמֵלִים Ju 5:26 a workman’s hammer.

הם

† [הם?, המה?] only in מֵהֱמֵהֶם Ez 7:11 Ew nothing of their moaning, wailing; Thes RV wealth, cf. הָמוֹן 5, but precarious; form very suspicious; prob. dittogr. for preceding מֵהֶם; del. B Co.

הָ֑ם

† הָ֑ם n.pr.loc. only in הַזּוּזִים בְּהָ֑ם Gn 14:5; not otherwise known; Vrss בָּהֶם; Jer^{Quaest. in libr. Genes.} בְּחֹם; Ol conj. בַּחֲמָת; Tu Di think perhaps old name of Rabbath Ammon.

הַמְּדָתָא

† הַמְּדָתָא n.pr.m. father of Haman (Pers. mâh, moon Öt; 𝔊 Ἁμαδαθου (always Genit.); in Gk. perhaps Μαδάτης [Μαδάτας, Μαδέτης], cf. Xenoph^{Cyr, v. 3. 41} Diod^{xvii, 67} Pott^{ZMG 1859, 424});—הַמְּדָתָא הָֽאֲגָגִי Est 3:1, 10; 8:5; 9:24; without האגגי 9:10.

הֵ֫מָּה

הֵ֫מָּה and הֵם (without appreciable distinction in usage, except prob. in so far as the longer or shorter form was better adapted to the rhythm of particular sentences: on the whole הֵמָּה (alone) is somewhat more freq. than הֵם, הָהֵם on the contrary is said regularly, הָהֵמָּה occurring only 12 times, viz. Nu 9:7 (P), Je 14:15 Zc 14:15, and in the phr. בַּ(הַ)יָּמִים הָהֵמָּה 2 K 18:4 Je 3:16, 18; 5:18; 50:4; Jo 3:2; 4:1; Zc 8:23; Ne 13:15, though בַּיָּמִים הָהֵם is much more common) pron. 3 pl. masc. (הֵמָּה used incorrectly for the fem. Zc 5:10; Ru 1:22; Ct 6:8), fem. הֵ֫נָּה [NH also הֵן, which occurs however in Bibl. Heb. only after a prefix: v. infr. 8], pr. 3 pl. they (Biblical Aramaic הִמּוֹ, q.v.; هُنَّ, هُمْ; Ethiopic (one form) እሙንቱ: እማንቱ: ʾemūn-tū, ʾemān-tū; cf. also for the dissyl. form, the sf. —ōmū [fem. —ōn]; perhaps also Assyrian suff. šunu, šina[ni], cf. reff. sub הוּא). In usage not different in genl. from הוּא, הִיא (which see, under the corresponding headings, for fuller explanations), thus:—
1. a. Gn 6:4; Ex 5:7 הֵם יֵֽלְכוּ let them (emph.) go and gather straw, Nu 31:16; Is 24:14; Ho 4:14; 7:3 etc.; after כִּי Je 5:5; 34:7. (For the use in circumst. clauses v. Dr^{§ 160, 169}.) b. Ju 1:22 ויעלו … גַם הֵם, Dt 2:11 (אַף הֵם), 3:20; Jos 9:4; Ez 30:17. c. Ex 18:22 every small matter יִשְׁפְּטוּ־הֵם let them judge themselves, v 26 Je 15:19; 17:18 ψ 109:28; Est 9:1. d. Gn 33:6; 44:3 Jud 6:5 etc. e. cf. Ne 10:38.
2. a. (Resuming the subj. with emph.) Gn 14:24 (note accents), Dt 1:39 ψ 23:4; 27:2 (accents), 37:9; 107:24; Ez 36:7; 44:15. b. Is 30:7; Ez 27:13, 17, 21; cf. Is 44:11. c. Nu 14:27a Je 27:9; Ez 43:19 אֲשֶׁר הֵם מִזֶּרַע צָדוֹק, Ec 4:2; Ne 2:13.—הֵמָּה כִּדְוֵי לַחֻמִי Jb 6:7 read perhaps וַהֲמָה וגו׳ (or זָֽהֲמָה) it is loathesome (√ זהם).
3. a. Gn 3:7; Ex 5:8 כִּי נִרְפִּים הֵם for they are idle, 14:3; 15:23; 29:33 etc. (the opp. order rare: Nu 11:16 Is 61:9, cf. De ψ 94:11). b. Gn 34:21, 23; 41:26; 48:5 שׁני בניך … לִי הֵם thy two sons …, they are mine, Ex 32:16 + often: Is. 41:22 הָרִאשֹׁנוֹת מָה הֵנָּה, 49:21 אֵלֶּה אֵיפֹה הֵם these—where were they? Zp 2:12 after אַתֶּם, peculiarly (cf. Dr^{§ 198 Obs. 2}). c. Dt 20:15 אֲשֶׁר לֹא־מֵעָרֵי הַגּוֹיִם הָאֵלֶּה הֵנָּה, Ju 19:12 1 K 9:20. d. 2 K 7:10 כַּאֲשֶׁר הֵמָּה. (Pr 19:7 Kt לֹא־הֵמָּה is prob. corrupt: v. Comm.)
4. a. Pr 30:24 אַרְבָּעָה הֵם קְטַנֵּי־אָ֑רֶץ four things are they, the little ones of the earth, v 29 (cf. before a rel. clause v 15, 18; 6:16) Ct 6:8; Is 51:19 שְׁתַּיִם הֵנָּה קֹרְאֹתַיִךְ, 1 Ch 9:26 (v. הוא 4 a). b. (β) Gn 21:29 מָה הֵנָּה שֶׁבַע … lit. What are they—these seven sheep? Zc 1:9; 4:5. (γ) אֵלֶּה … הֵם †Gn 25:16 (= 1 Ch 1:36) Lv 23:2; Nu 3:20, 21, 27, 33 1 S 4:8 1 Ch 8:6; 12:15 (v. Dr^{§ 201, 3}).
6. a. In a neuter sense (rare), Jb 6:7 הֵמָּה כִּדְוֵי לַחְמִי they (i.e. such sufferings as mine) are as loathsomeness in my meat, Je 7:4 הֵיכַל י׳ הֵמָּה they (i.e. these buildings) are the temple of י׳; and in the fem., Lv 5:22 of all that a man doeth to sin בָּהֵנָּה therein, 1 Ch 21:10 מֵהֵנָּה (‖ 2 S 24:12 מֵהֶם); 2 S 12:8 Jb 23:14 כָּהֵנָּה things such as these.
7. With art. הָהֵם, Gn 6:4; Ex 2:11; Nu 14:38 + often; הָהֵמָּה 12 times (v. supr.); הָהֵנָּה †1 S 17:28. N.B.—Ez 8:6 Kt מָהֵם stands for מָה הֵם (so Qr), cf. מַזֶּה for מַה־זֶּה Ex 4:2; 2 K 9:18 עַד־הֵם is irreg. for עֲדֵיהֶם; 2 S 4:6 וְהֵנָּה וג׳ is textual error for וְהִנֵּה שֹׁעֶרֶת הַבַּיִת סֹקְלָה חִטִּים וג׳ v. We Dr (𝔊 & RVm).
8. With preps. (in lieu of the normal, and more usual, forms with suffixes בָּהֶם, לָהֶם, מֵהֶם etc. [כָּהֶם & כָּהֶן, however, each once only, כְּמוֹהֶם thrice: v. כְּ])— a. בָּהֵמָּה †Ex 30:4; 36:1 (both P), Hb 1:16; כָּהֵמָּה †Je 36:32; לָהֵמָּה †Je 14:16; מֵהֵמָּה †Je 10:2 Ec 12:12. b. כָּהֵם †2 S 24:3 Yahweh add to the people כָּהֵם וְכָהֵם מֵאָה פְעָמִים the like of themselves and the like of themselves 100 times, = 1 Ch 21:3 (but כָּהֵם here only once, cf. Dt 1:11 כָּכֶם), 2 Ch 9:11; Ec 9:12. c. בָּהֵנָּה †Lv 5:22 (P) Nu 13:19 (JE) Je 5:17: כָּהֵנָּה †Gn 41:19 2 S 12:8 וְאֹסִפָה לְךָ כָּהֵנָּה וְכָהֵנָּה, Jb 23:14: לָהֵנָּה †Ez 1:5, 23^(×2); 42:9; Zc 5:9: מֵהֵנָּה †Lv 4:2 (P) Is 34:16; Je 5:6; Ez 16:51; 42:5 ψ 34:21 1 Ch 21:10 (‖ 2 S 24:12 מֵהֶם). d. בָּהֵן †Gn 19:29 (P) 30:26, 37 Ex 25:29; 37:16 (both P) Lv 10:1; 11:21; 14:40 Nu 10:3; 16:7 (all P) Dt 28:52; Jr 4:29; 48:9; 51:43^(×2) (בָּהֶן thrice only, v. p. 88); כָּהֵן †Ez 18:14 (edd.; Baer כָּהֶן); לָהֵן (= therefore) †Ru 1:13^(×2) (also Biblical Aramaic); מֵהֵן †Ez 16:47, 52 (edd.; Baer מֵהֶן). (With the exception of כָּהֵנָּה, these forms are found mostly in P and writers not earlier than Je.; b and d, however, depend solely on the punctuation.)

הָמָה

† [הָמָה] vb. murmur, growl, roar, be boisterous (𝔗 הֲמָא, but rare, and perhaps not genuine Aramaic; cf. Arabic هَمْهَمَ murmur);—
Qal Pf. 3 mpl. הָמוּ ψ 46:7 + 2 times; וְהָמוּ consec. Je 5:22 + 2 times; Impf. יֶהֱמֶה Jr 6:23 + 3 times; 2 fs. תֶּהֱמִי ψ 42:12; 43:5; וַתֶּהֱמִי 42:6; אֶהֱמֶה 55:18; אֶהֱמָ֑יָה 77:4; יֶהֱמוּ 46:4 + 3 times; וַיֶּהֱמוּ Is 51:15; Je 31:35; יֶהֱמָיוּ֑ן ψ 39:7 + 2 times; 1 pl. נֶהֱמֶה Is 59:11; Inf. הֲמוֹת Is 17:12; Pt. הֹמֶה Pr 20:1 Je 4:19; f. הוֹמָה 1 K 1:41, הֹמִיָּה Pr 7:11; 9:13, הוֹמִיָּה Is 22:2; fpl. הֹמִיּוֹת Pr 1:21, הֹמוֹת Ez 7:16 (Co הַמָּוֶת cf. 𝔊 𝔖);— 1. growl like a dog כַּכָּ֑לֶב ψ 59:7, 15, subj. wicked men; groan (in distress, lamentation), like bears כַּדֹּבִים Is 59:11 (‖ הגה כיונה); of doves (also in sim.) Ez 7:16 cf. Da (si vera l., vid. supr.). 2. murmur, fig. of soul (נֶפֶשׁ) in discouragement ψ 42:6, 12; 43:5; in prayer 55:18; 77:4 (both ‖ אָשִׂיחָה); also subj. מֵעִים, of the thrill of deep-felt compassion or sympathy, sq. לְ of person pitied, Je 31:20 (‖ רחם ארחמנו), sq. עַל, Ct 5:4; further כַּכִּנּוֹר, like the lyre (zither) Is 16:11; כַּחֲלִילִים, like flutes, subj. לֵב Je 48:36 (sq. לְ) v 36 (sq. אֶל); cf. Je 4:19 לִבִּי הֹמֶה־לִי. 3. roar, of waves, subj. גַּלִּים Je 5:22; 31:35 Is 51:15 cf. ψ 46:4; sim. of roar of multitudes Is 17:12 Je 6:23; 50:42; metaph. id., Je 51:55; be tumultuous, of peoples ψ 46:7 (‖ מָטוּ); 83:3 (‖ נָֽשְׂאוּ רֹאשׁ). 4. be in commotion, stir, of city 1 K 1:41 Is 22:2; so pt. fpl. as subst. רֹאשׁ הֹמִיּוֹת Pr 1:21 head of stirring, bustling streets (‖ פתתי שׁערים); of man, אַךְ־הֶבֶל יֶהֱמָי֑וּן ψ 39:7 surely to no purpose they bustle about (‖ אַךְ־בְּצֶלֶם יִתְהַלֶּךְ־אִישׁ). 5. be boisterous, turbulent, as with wine Zc 9:15 (but read perhaps דָּמָם, cf. Fi^{Hexapl. ii. 3, 1024} Klo^{Th LZ, 1879, 564} Sta^{ZAW 1881, 18}); also pt. as adj., of שֵׁכָר (by meton.) Pr 20:1; of shameless woman Pr 7:11; 9:13.

הָמוֹן

† הָמוֹן n.m. ^{1 S 4:14} (f. †Jb 31:34?) sound, murmur, roar, crowd, abundance;—abs. ה׳ 1 S 4:14 + 27 times (+ 2 K 25:11 = אָמוֹן in ‖ Je 52:15, v. ii. אָמוֹן p. 54 supr.); cstr. הֲמוֹן Gn 17:4 + 30 times + Ez 39:11, 15 (גֵּיא הֲמוֹן גּוֹג); sf. הֲמוֹנוֹ Is 5:13 + 2 times + Ez 31:18 Qr + 3 times (Kt המונה); so also Co for n.pr. (?) הֲמוֹנָה (q.v.) 39:16; הַמוֹנָהּ Is 5:14 + 6 times + Ez 7:12, 13; 30:4 (all del. B Co; in 7:13 also Da), הֲמֹנָהּ Ez 29:19; הֲמוֹנָם Is 31:4 Ez 7:11; pl. הֲמֹנִים Jo 4:14^(×2); sf. הֲמוֹנֶיהָ Ez 32:30;—הֲמָנְכֶם Ez 5:7 v. sub המן infr.;—
1. sound, murmur, rush, roar, especially sound made by a crowd of people, murmur, roar ψ 65:8 ה׳ לְאֻמִּים (‖ שְׁאוֹן יַמִּים etc.); cf. קוֹל ה׳ Is 13:4 sound of a roaring (‖ קוֹל שְׁאוֹן), 33:3 Dn 10:6; הֲמוֹן עַמִּים Is 17:12 (‖ שְׁאוֹן לְאֻמִּים) where again compared with הֲמוֹת יַמִּים; also 31:4 of throng of shepherds (‖ קוֹל); of a city ה׳ קִרְיָה Jb 39:7 (‖ תְּשֻׁאוֹת נֹגֵשׂ); cf. ה׳ עִיר = noisy city Is 32:14, הֲמוֹנָהּ Is 5:14; of sound of songs ה׳ שִׁירַיִךְ Ez 26:13 (‖ קוֹל כִּנּוֹרַיִךְ), cf. Am 5:23 (‖ זִמְרַת נְבָלֶיךָ); of crying קוֹל ה׳ 1 S 4:14 (‖ קוֹל צְעָקָה); v. further הֲמוֹן מֵעִים fig. of sympathy Is 63:15 (‖ רַחֲמִים), cf. הָמָה 2; of rain קוֹל ה׳ הַגֶּשֶׁם 1 K 18:41, cf. Je 10:13 = 51:16;—of rumbling of chariot-wheels ה׳ גַּלְגִּלָּיו Je 47:3 (‖ קוֹל שַׁעֲטַת פַּרְסוֹת & רַעַשׁ לְרִכְבּוֹ).
2. tumult, confusion (as occasioning a roar) 1 S 14:19 2 S 18:29.
3. crowd, multitude (especially freq. in Ez Ch):— a. frequently of great army Ju 4:7 1 S 14:16 1 K 20:13, 28 Is 29:5^(×2) 2 Ch 13:8; 14:10; 20:2, 12, 15, 24; 32:7; cf. Ez 39:11; also 7:12, 13; 30:4 (cf. emend. supr.); on Je 3:23 cf. VB; v. further גֵּיא הֲמוֹן גּוֹג Ez 39:11, 15; Dn 11:10 (ה׳ חֲיָלִים רַבִּים) v 11^(×2), 12, 13 (‖ חַיִל גָּדוֹל); also pl. Jo 4:14^(×2). b. of a whole people 2 S 6:19 Is 5:13; 16:14 Ez 7:11, 14; 29:19; 30:10, 15; 31:2, 18; 32:12^(×2), 16, 18, 20, 24, 25, 26, 31, 32. c. of any great throng 2 K 7:13^(×2) (so MT 25:11, but ‖ Je 52:15 הָאָמוֹן) ψ 42:5 Jb 31:34 (ה׳ רַבָּה) Ez 23:42; ה׳ גּוֹיִם Gn 17:4, 5 (P) cf. Is 29:7, 8; so, under fig. of overwhelming mass of waves Je 51:42.
4. great number, abundance (late) ה׳ נָשִׁים 2 Ch 11:23; for וַיִּשְׁאַל הֲמַוֹן נָשִׁים Perles^{Anal. 47} proposes וִיִּשְׂאוּ לָהֶם נ׳ (cf. נשׂא 3 d); of cattle Je 49:32; of things: materials for temple-building 1 Ch 29:16; tithes & gifts 2 Ch 31:10. Hence
5. abundance, wealth, ψ 37:16 cf. Ec 5:9 (‖ כֶּסֶף), Is 60:5 (ה׳ יָם; ‖ חֵיל גּוֹיִם).

הֲמוֹנָהֿ

† הֲמוֹנָהֿ n.pr.loc. a city appar. to be founded to commemorate defeat of Gog, וְגַם שֶׁם־עִיר ה׳ Ez 39:16, but text dub. cf. Da; Co proposes וגמר המונו v. הֲמוֹן supr.

הֶמְיָה

† [הֶמְיָה] n.f. sound, music, of instruments הֶמְיַת נְבָלֶ֑יךָ Is 14:11.

המל

המל (√ of foll.; cf. Arabic هَمَلَ shed tears (sc. the eye); rain steadily (sc. the sky)).

הֲמֻלָּה

† הֲמֻלָּה, הֲמוּלָּה n.f. rain - storm (?), rushing or roaring sound (?): קוֹל הֲמוּלָּה גְדֹלָה Je 11:16 sound of a great storm, of wind fanning flames in tree (in fig. of Yahweh’s judgment on Judah); > AVRVDa tumult; קוֹל הֲמֻלָּה כְּקוֹל מַחֲנֶה Ez 1:24 of noise of wings of living creatures in Ezekiel’s vision (del. B Co cf. Hi).

הָמַם

† הָמַם vb. make a noise, move noisily, confuse, discomfit (cf. [הום])—
Qal Pf. וְהָמַם consec. Is 28:28; sf. הֲמָמַ֫נִי Je 51:34 Qr (Kt הֲמָמָ֫נוּ), הֲמָמָם 2 Ch 15:16; 1 s. וְהַמֹּתִ֫י Ex 23:27; Impf. וַיָּ֫הָם Ex 14:24 Ju 4:15; sf. וַיְּהֻמֵּם Jos 10:10 1 S 7:10 ψ 18:15 + 2 S 22:15 Kt (doubtless right; Qr וַיָּהֹ֑ם); 2 ms. sf. וּתְהֻמֵּם ψ 144:6; Inf. sf. לְהֻמָּם Dt 2:15 Est 9:24;— 1. move noisily, trans., drive a wagon in threshing ה׳ גִּלְגַּל עֶגְלָתוֹ וּפָרָשָׁיו Is 28:28 (‖ דושׁ). 2. confuse, discomfit, c. acc. Ex 14:24; 23:27 Jos 10:10 Ju 4:15 1 S 7:10 ψ 18:15 = 2 S 22:15 (‖ הפיץ), ψ 144:6 (‖ id.); discomfit, vex, 2 Ch 15:6 c. acc. & בְּכָל־צָרָה of instr.; c. acc. also Dt 2:15 (sq. עַד תֻּמָּם), Est 9:24 (sq. לְאַבְּדָם); prob. also Je 51:34 (‖ אָכַל), cf. הוּם Dt 7:23.

הָמַן

† [הָמַן] vb. rage, be turbulent (?denom. from המון Thes, after Rabb.; cf. Ke RV; AV multiply; but very dub.)—only
Qal Inf. sf. יַעַן הֲמָנְכֶם מִן־הַגּוֹיִם Ez 5:7 (Sm queries; Ew, after 𝔖 Aq, הִמָּנֵכֶם from מנה); read rather, with Bö Co Da, המרותכם (from מרה) because ye rebelled.

הָמָן

הָמָן n.pr.m. Haman, favourite of Ahasuerus (etym. dub.; according to Jen^{VOJ 1892, 58 ff.} = Elamit. n.pr.div. Ḫumban, or Ḫumman)—Est 3:1 + 53 times in Esther.

המס

המס (√ of foll.; meaning dubious).

הֶ֫מֶס

† [הֶ֫מֶס] n.[m.] only pl. הֲמָסִים brushwood (cf. De Che Di RV; some such meaning prob. from context) כִּקְדֹחַ אֵשׁ הֲמָסִים Is 64:1 as fire kindleth brushwood (VB).

המר

המר (√ of foll.; cf. Arabic هَمَرَ pour, pour out).

הֵן

I. [הֵן] pron. 3 pl.fem., often in NH, in Bibl. Heb. only with prefixes, בָּהֵן, etc.: see under הֵמָּה 8 d.

הֵן²

II. הֵן₁₀₀ (הֶן־ †Nu 23:9, 24 Jb 8:19, 20; 13:1; 26:14; 33:6, 12, 29; 36:5, 22, 26; הֵן־ Jb 13:15; 36:30 41:1 +) demonstr. adv. or interj. lo! behold (on etym. v. הִנֵּה), less widely used than הִנֵּה, and in prose mostly confined to calling attention to some fact upon which action is to be taken, or a conclusion based;
a. Gn 3:22 הֵן הָאָדָם הָיָה behold, the man is become as one of us, & now lest, etc., 4:14 behold, thou hast driven me forth etc., 11:6; 15:3; 19:34; 27:11; 29:7; 30:34 (nearly = yea), Ex 5:5; 6:12, 30 Lv 10:18, 19 Nu 17:27 Dt 5:21 (in prose only in Pent. (23 times) and Ez 18:4 in this usage); in poetry, used more freely, but chiefly in Is 2 & Jb,—Nu 23:9, 24 (Balaam) Is 23:13; 32:1; 33:7 ψ 51:7, 8; 68:34; 78:20; 139:4 Pr 11:31 (stating the premiss to a conclusion introduced by אַף כִּי, q.v.), 24:12: elsewhere (except in senses b, c) only in Is 2 (23 times) & Jb (31 times), as Is 40:15^(×2); 41:11, 24, 29; 50:1, 2, 9^(×2), 11 Jb 4:18; 15:15; 25:5 (in these three passages before אַף or אַף כִּי), 9:11, 12 etc. (v. supr.).
†b. as a hypoth. part., propounding a possibility, if (so NH Biblical Aramaic, Mand. Palm. (ZMG ^{1888, 404}); on the contr. Syriac ܐܶܢ, Pal. 𝔗 אִין, also Palm. (ib. p. 415), Arabic إِنْ, with א), a special application or development of the use a: Ex 4:1 והן לא יאמינו לי and behold (= and suppose) they will not believe me?, Lv 10:8; 25:20 and if (וְכִי) ye say, What shall we eat the 7th year? הֵן לֹא נִזְרַע behold, we shall not sow etc. (i.e. supposing we do not sow), Is 54:15 Jb 9:12; 13:15; 40:23 2 Ch 7:13^(×2) (v 13b וְאִם); stating ground on which a qu. is based, Ex 8:22 (וְלֹא = הֲלֹא), Je 3:1 Hg 2:12 (v. הֵן Aramaic b).
†c. if, whether, in an indirect question, Je 2:10 רְאוּ הֵן הָֽיְתָה כָּזֹאת (but Gr הֲנִהְיְתָה); cf. אִם 2 b, and הֵן Aramaic c.

הִנֵּה

הִנֵּה Once הִנֶּה־ Gn 19:2, demonstr. part. lo! behold! (Arabic إِنَّ certainly, surely, lit. lo!), with sf. (the pron. being conceived as accus., Ew§ 262 c; cf. إِنَّ, which takes an accus., whether of a noun or pron. sf.) הִנְנִי Gn 6:13 + often (also הִנֶּ֣נִּי Gn 22:7), הִנֵּ֑נִי Gn 22:1, 11 +, (הִנֶּ֔נִּי Gn 27:18), †Is 65:1 הִנֵּ֣נִי הִנֵּ֔נִי (but הִנֵּה אָנֹכִי is also said Gn 24:13, 43; 25:32; 48:21 Ex 4:23; 7:17 +; and, more rarely, הִנֵּה אֲנִי Ez 37:5, 12, 19, 21 2 Ch 2:3, cf. 2 K 10:9 Je 32:27); הִנְּךָ Gn 20:3 + (†2 K 7:2 הִנְּכָה), הִנֶּ֑ךָּ †ψ139:8, fem. הִנָּךְ Gn 16:11 + 6 times; הִנּוֹ †Nu 23:17 Jb 2:6 1 Ch 11:25, הִנֵּ֫הוּ †Je 18:3 Kt (הִנֵּה הוּא is more usual, as Gn 20:16; 42:27; 1 S 10:22 Je 38:5 Ru 3:2): 1 pl. הִנְנוּ †Jos 9:25 2 S 5:1 Je 3:22 Ezr 9:15, הִנֶּ֫נּוּ †Gn 44:16; 50:18 Nu 14:40, הִנֵּ֑נוּ Jb 38:35; הִנְּכֶם †Dt 1:10 Je 16:12; הִנָּם Gn 40:6 + often (37 times)—lo! behold!
a. pointing to persons or things, Gn 12:19 and now הִנֵּה אִשְׁתְּךָ behold thy wife! 18:9 הִנֵּה בָאֹהֶל behold (she is) in the tent (the suffix, when the noun to which הנה refers has immediately preceded, being not unfrequently omitted, 16:14: cf. Dr^{§ 135. 6, 2}), 30:3; 31:51^(×2) Ex 24:8 1 K 2:29. With sf. of 1 ps., especially in response to a call, indicating the readiness of the person addressed to listen or obey, Here I am! (lit. Behold me!) Gn 22:1, 7, 11; 27:1, 18; 31:11; 37:13; 46:2 Ex 3:4 1 S 3:4, 5, 6, 8, 16; 22:12 2 S 1:7 Is, 6:8, cf. 1 S 12:3 הִנְנִי עֲנוּ בִי here I am, answer against me, 14:43 (cf. Dr^{p. 292}), 2 S 15:26 (in resignation: cf. Gn 44:16; 50:18 Jos 9:25 Ezr 9:15): of God Is 52:6; 58:9; 65:1^(×2) (repeated for emphasis). In the pl. הננו Nu 14:40 Je 3:22 Jb 38:35.—Emph. הִנְנִי אָ֕נִי Ez 34:11, 20, cf. 6:3. On הִנְנִי אֶל …, v. אל 4, p. 40.
b. introducing clauses involving predication: (a) with ref. to the past or present, it points generally to some truth either newly asserted, or newly recognised, Gn 1:29 behold! I have given to you all herbs etc. 17:20; 27:6 1 S 14:33 etc.; often one upon which some proposal or suggestion is to be founded, Ex 1:9 (cf. הן Gn 11:6) 1 S 20:2, 5; 2 K 5:20. When the proposal is to be of the nature of an entreaty or request, הִנֵּה־נָא is often used, instead of the simple הִנֵּה Gn 12:11; 16:2; 18:27 1 K 20:31; 22:13 al. (v. נָא). (b) with ref. to the future. Here it serves to introduce a solemn or important declaration Ex 32:34; 34:10 Is 7:14; and is used especially with the ptcp. (the fut. instans, Dr^{§ 135, 3}) in predictions or threats, Gn 20:3 הִנְּךָ מֵת (lit.) behold thee (accus.) about to die, thou art about to die, Ex 4:23; 7:17; 9:3 Dt 31:16 1 S 3:11 1 K 20:35; 22:25 Is 3:1; 10:33; 17:1; 19:1; 22:17; 24:1 + often; in the phrase הנה ימים באים †1 S 2:31 2 K 20:17 = Is 39:6 Am 4:2; 8:11; 9:13 + Je 15 times; very often with the suffix of 1 ps. sg., as הִנְנִי מֵבִיא Behold, I bring (lit. behold me bringing, or about to bring) … Gn 6:17 Ex 10:4 & often, especially in Je; Gn 9:9 Ex 8:17; 9:18; 34:11 2 K 22:20 Is 13:17; 29:14; 43:19 Je 8:17; 11:22 (הִנְנִי פֹקֵד; so 23:2 +) 16:16; 20:4, etc.; anomalously, with change of person, Is 28:16 הִנְנִי יִסַּד (according to points) behold me, one who has founded, 29:14 הִנְנִי יוֹסִף behold me, one who will add (so 38:5); but it is dub. whether the ptcp. יֹסֵד, יוֹסֵף should not be read.
c. וְהִנֵּה … very freq. in historical style, especially (but not exclusively) after verbs of seeing or discovering, making the narrative graphic and vivid, and enabling the reader to enter into the surprise or satisfaction of the speaker or actor concerned: Gn 1:31 and behold, it was very good, 6:12; 8:13; 15:12; 18:2; 37:29 Ex 2:6 Dt 9:13 etc.: in the description of a dream Gn 37:7, 9; 40:9, 16; 41:1, 2, 3 Is 29:8, or of a vision Am 7:1, 4; 8:1 etc. With a ptcp. (the context fixing the sense to the past), Gn 24:30; 37:15 (both without suffix); Ju 9:43; 11:34 1 K 19:5, 11 +.
d. like II. הֵן (b), nearly = if (rare): Lv 13:5, 6, 8, 10 (& elsewhere in this and the next ch.) וְהִנֵּה and behold = and if, Dt 13:15 and 17:4 וְהִנֵּה אֱמֶת and behold it is true = and if it be true, 19:18 1 S 20:12; cf. 1 S 9:7 2 S 18:11 Ho 9:6; with ו׳ in apod. 2 K 10:9.

הֵ֫נָּה

I. הֵ֫נָּה₄₉ adv. hither (perhaps from II. הֵן, used δεικτικῶς, with ה-loc., proposes lo hitherwards! or perhaps akin to هُنَا, هَنَّا, هِنَّا here)—
a. of place: (α) hither Gn 15:16 יָשׁוּבוּ הֵנָּה, 42:15; 45:5 that you have sold me הֵנָּה hither, v 8, 13 Jos 2:2; 3:9; 18:6 2 S 1:10 Is 57:3 וְאַתֶּם קִרְבוּ הֵנָּה, Je 31:8; 50:5 +; 1 S 20:21 מִמְּךָ וָהֵנָּה from thee and hitherwards, i.e. on this side of thee (opp. מִמְּךָ וָהָֽלְאָה): repeated 2 K 4:35 אַחַת הֵנָּה וְאַחַת הֵנָּה once hither and once thither = once to and fro; הֵנָּה וָהֵנָּה hither and thither i.e. in different (or opposite) directions, †Jos 8:20 2 K 2:8, 14 1 K 20:40 strangely וַיְהִי עַבְדְּךָ עֹשֵׂה הֵנָּה וָהֵנָּה lit. and thy servant was a doer of hitherwards and thitherwards, i.e. was engaged in different directions (Ew§ 360, c treats ה׳ here as the pron. 3 pl. fem. construed irregularly, cf. עֹשֵׂה אֵלֶּה: but read prob. with 𝔊 𝔗 𝔖 𝔙 Th Klo פֹּנֶה was turning or looking (Ex 2:12) for עֹשֵׂה); עַד־הֵנָּה even hither, Nu 14:19 1 S 7:12 2 S 20:16 קְרַב עַד־הֵנָּה, 2 K 8:7, to this point (in a book) Je 48:47; 51:64 (note of compiler or scribe). (β) here (cf. שָׁמָּה = there) Gn 21:23 swear to me הֵנָּה here, Dn 12:5 הֵנָּה לְ׳ … הֵנָּה לְ׳ on this side of … on that side of …
†b. of time, in עַד הֵנָּה hitherto Gn 15:16 (with a neg., = not yet) 44:28 Ju 16:13 ψ 71:17 & until now do I keep declaring thy wonders, 1 Ch 9:18; 12:30 until now (the point reached in the narrative). In late Heb., contracted to עֲדֶ֫נָה hitherto, still †Ec 4:2, עֲדֶן †Ec 4:3 אֲשֶׁר עֲדֶן לֹא הָיָה = who has not yet been (cf. Mish. עֲדַיִן hitherto, still, עֲדַיִן לֹא = not yet).

הֵ֫נָּה²

II. הֵ֫נָּה pron. 3 pl.fem. they: v. הֵ֫מָּה.

הֲנָחָה

הֲנָחָה v. sub נוח.

הֲנָחָה²

† הֲנָחָה n.f. a giving of rest, i.e. perhaps holiday-making (cf. jwn Hiph. A;) proposes Inf., Sta^{§ 621 c} Ba^{NB 90}, cf. Kö^{ii. 1, 402};—וַה׳ לַמְּדִינוֹת עָשָׂה Est 2:18 and a holiday-making for the provinces be enacted, 𝔙 requies; but 𝔊 ἄφεσις, whence al. release from taxes, or amnesty.

הִנֹּם

† הִנֹּם n.pr.m. (deriv. & meaning dub.; according to Sim Bö Gf al. = wailing, Arabic هَنَّ, from cries of children (v. infr.), but this improbable)—only in גֵּי(גֵּיא)בֶן־ה׳, & abbrev. ג׳ ה׳, n.pr.loc. of valley S. of Jerusalem, (𝔊 φάραγγα Ὀνομ Jos 15:8^(×2) Σονναμ 18:16; Γαιεννα v 16; Γαιβενθομ 2 Ch 28:3, 𝔊L φάρ. Βενεννομ; γὲ βανὲ Ἑννομ 33:6, 𝔊L γῇ Βενεννομ; elsewhere usually φάρ. (υἱοῦ) Ἑννομ)—cf. sub גַּיְא;—as mere topographical term גֵּי בֶן־הִנֹּם, boundary between Judah & Benjamin Jos 15:8; 18:16; also גֵּי ה׳ 15:8; 18:16 (all P) cf. Ne 11:30; elsewhere always גּ׳ בֶן־ה׳ (2 K 23:10 Kt has גי בני הנם, Qr & 𝔊 𝔙 sing.), & always with ref. to the sacrifice of children by fire, 2 K 23:10 2 Ch 28:3; 33:6 Je 7:31, 32; 19:2, 6; 32:35; on account of this inhuman & idolatrous practice it was abhorred by priest & prophet, & defiled by Josiah; this conception afterward developed, through Is 66:24, into Jewish Gehinnom (cf. Weber^{Synagog. Theol. 326 ff.} Di^{Buch Henoch. 131 f.}) & NT γέεννα. On locality cf. Rob^{BR ii. 273 f.} Tobler^{Topogr. ii 39 ff.} Bd^{Pal. 103}; mod. name (of lower half of valley, toward SE.) Wady er-Rabâbi.

הֵנַע

† הֵנַע n.pr. loc. named betw. Sepharvaim and Iwwa; site unknown, yet cf. Dl^{Pa 279}; 2 K 18:34; 19:13 = Is 37:13.

הֲנָפָה

הֲנָפָה v. sub נוף.

הַס

† הַס, הָ֑ס interj. hush! keep silence (prob. onomatop.) Ju 3:19 and he said, I have a secret errand unto thee, O king, וַיֹּאמֶר הָ֔ס and he said, Keep silence! Am 6:10 וְאָמַר הָ֔ס (while burying men in a pestilence), 8:3 (ellipt.) in every place הִשְׁלִיךְ הָֽס׃ they cast them (the corpses) forth, (saying) Hush! sq. (מִפָּנָיו) מִפְּנֵי י׳ Hb 2:20 Zp 1:7 Zc 2:17. Inflected, as though a verb, imv. pl. הַ֔סּוּ Ne 8:11 (Ges compares Arabic هَلُمَّ [= הֲלֹם] hither! inflected as an imv., e.g. هَلُمِّى, هَلُمُّوا: W^{AG i. § 368}). Hence as denom. †Hiph. impf. apoc. וַיַּ֫הַס Nu 13:30 and Caleb stilled the people.

הֲפֻגָה

הֲפֻגָה v. sub פוג.

הֲפוּגָה

† [הֲפוּגָה] n.f. id.;—pl. מֵאֵין הֲפֻגוֹת La 3:49 (of weeping; form very strange, read prob. פֻּגוֹת),

הֶ֫פֶךְ

† הֶ֫פֶךְ n.m. the contrary, contrariness, perversity;—abs. ה׳ Ez 16:34; הֶ֑פֶךְ v 34; sf. הַפְכְּכֶם Is 29:16 (v. Baer);—
1. the contrary, opposite thing וַיְהִי־בָךְ הֶפֶךְ מִן־הַנָּשִׁים Ez 16:34 & there hath occurred in thee the contrary from other women; v 34 וַתְּהִי לְהֶ֑פֶךְ so thou hast become the contrary.
2. הַפְכְּכֶם Is 29:16 Oh, your perversity!

הָפַךְ

† הָפַךְ vb. turn, overturn (NH id., Aramaic הֲפַךְ, ܗܦܰܟ, Arabic أَفَكَ W^{SG 47}, Assyrian abâku, apâku Dl^W)—
Qal Pf. Lv 13:3 + 13 times; וְהָפַךְ consec. 2 K 21:13 Jb 34:25; 3 mpl. הָֽפְכוּ ψ 78:9; הֲפַכְתֶּם Am 6:12 Je 23:36, etc.; Impf. יַהֲפֹךְ La 3:3 Je 13:23; וַיַּהֲפֹךְ Gn 19:25 + 6 times; וַיַּהֲפָךְ־ 1 S 10:9; sf. וַיַּהַפְכֵהוּ Ju 7:13; 3 fs. וַתַּהֲפֹךְ 2 Ch 9:12; אֶהְפֹּךְ Zp 3:9; וַיַּהַפְכוּ 1 S 25:12 Jb 12:15; Imv. הֲפֹךְ 1 K 22:34 = 2 Ch 18:33, Inf. abs. הָפוֹךְ Pr 12:7; cstr. הֲפֹךְ Gn 19:29 1 Ch 19:3; sf. הָפְכִּי Gn 19:21; הָפְכָהּ 2 S 10:3;—on הַפְכְּכֶם (so Baer, q.v.) Is 29:16, v. הֶפֶךְ; Pt. act. הֹפֵךְ Am 5:8; הַהֹפְכִי ψ 114:8; pl. הַהֹפְכִים Am 5:7; pass. הֲפוּכָה Ho 7:8 La 4:6.— 1. trans. a. turn, turn about, turn over, c. acc.: e.g. turn the back (עֹרֶף) Jos 7:8 (JE); a dish עַל־פָּנֶיהָ (צַלַּחַת) 2 K 21:13; the hand, & so the horses of a chariot 1 K 22:34 = 2 Ch 18:33, 2 K 9:23; but also (sq. בְּ) of hostility La 3:3; turn a cake (pass.) Ho 7:8; of י׳, ה׳ שָׂפָה בְּרוּרָה Zp 3:9 i.e. restore speech of a pure kind, sq. אֶל־עַמִּים; לֵב אַחֵר 1 S 10:9 another heart, sq. לוֹ; turn a wind (רוּחַ; i.e. bring from different quarter) Ex 10:19 (J). b. overturn, overthrow, sq. acc. Sodom, etc., Gn 19:21, 25, 29 (J), Dt 29:22 Je 20:16 La 4:6 (cf. מַהְפֵּכַת וגו׳ Am 4:11 v. infr.; also הֲפֵכָה, [מַהְפֵּכָה]); city of Ammon 2 S 10:3 = 1 Ch 19:3 (obj. om.); mountains Jb 9:5; 28:9; throne Hg 2:22 (‖ הִשְׁמִיד), chariots v 22; tent (אֹהֶל), ה׳ לְמַ֫עְלָה Ju 7:13; obj. earth (ה׳ = devastate) Jb 12:15; wicked men Am 4:11 (הָפַכְתִּי בָּכֶם כְּמַהְפֵּכַת אֱלֹהִים אֶת־סְדֹם וְאֶת־עֲמֹרָה) Pr 12:7 Jb 34:25 (obj. om.). c. turn = change, transform (1) sq. acc. = alter; a colour (עֵינוֹ) Lv 13:55 (P); skin Je 13:23; bed (מִשְׁכָּבוֹ v. מ׳; Che his lying down) ψ 41:4 i.e. restore to health; (2) pervert דִּבְרֵי אֱלֹהִים Je 23:36; (3) sq. acc. c. Inf. ψ 105:25 he turned their heart to hate his people; (4) turn to, into, sq. two acc. Lv 13:10 ψ 114:8 rock into pool of water; usually sq. acc. + לְ, ψ 66:6 sea into dry land, ψ 78:44 rivers into blood, cf. 105:29; Je 31:13 mourning into joy, so ψ 30:12; Am 5:7 justice into wormwood, cf. 6:12; 8:10 feasts into mourning; Dt 23:6 = Ne 13:2 curse into blessing; Am 5:8 death-shade into morning. 2. intrans. a. turn, turn back, Ju 20:39, 41 2 K 5:26 ψ 78:9 2 Ch 9:12; sq. לדרך 1 S 25:12; b. turn = change, change into, sq. pred. adj. ה׳ לָבָן turn white Lv 13:3, 4, 13, 20 (all P).
Niph. Pf. נֶהְפַּךְ Ex 7:15 + 10 times; נֶהְפָּ֑ךְ Jb 20:14; וְנֶהְפַּךְ consec. Lv 13:16; נֶהֶפְכָה La 5:2; 3 mpl. נֶהְפְּכוּ Jb 19:19 + 3 times, נֶהֶפְכוּ 1 S 4:19 Dn 10:16, וְנֶהֶפְכוּ consec. Ex 7:17 Is 34:9, etc.; Impf. יֵהָפֵךְ Is 60:5 Jo 3:4; וַיֵּהָפֵךְ Ex 14:5 Is 63:10; 2 ms. תֵּהָפֵךְ Jb 30:21 Ez 4:8; וַיֵּהָֽפְכוּ Ex 7:20; Inf. abs. נַהֲפוֹךְ Est 9:1; Pt. נֶהְפָּךְ Pr 17:20; נֶהְפָּ֑כֶת Jon 3:4;— 1. reflex. & intrans. a. turn oneself, turn, turn back (cf. Qal 2 a) Jos 8:20 (JE); turn aside ψ 78:57; turn from side to side Ez 4:8; pains turned upon (עַל) her 1 S 4:19 (i.e. came suddenly upon her) cf. Dn 10:16; turn against sq. בְּ Jb 19:19; turn to(ward), sq. עַל, Is 60:5 (‖ בא לְ). b. turn = change (oneself) sq. pred. adj. Lv 13:25 (P); sq. pred. noun (?), vine turns into degenerate plant Je 2:21; no pred. expressed Jb 20:14 (cf. v b); of heart turned in compassion Ho 11:8 (‖ נִכְמְרוּ נִחוּמָ֑י), in sorrow, distress, La 1:20; of heart changed, so as to be favourably disposed toward (sq. אֶל) Ex 14:5 (J) = change of mind; sq. לְ, of plague spots changing colour Lv 13:16, 17 (P); rod changing to serpent Ex 7:15 (P); faces to paleness Je 30:6; dance to mourning La 5:15; comeliness to corruption Dn 10:8; וַיֵּהָפֵךְ לָהֶם לְאוֹיֵב Is 63:10 Jb 30:21. c. be perverse, only pt. used subst. נֶהְפָּךְ בִּלְשׁוֹנוֹ Pr 17:20 he that is perverse with his tongue. 2. pass., a. be turned, turned over to sq. לְ, an inheritance to strangers La 5:2. b. be reversed Est 9:1. c. be turned, changed, sq. לְ, waters into blood Ex 7:17, 20 (E); Saul into another man 1 S 10:6; streams into pitch Is 34:9; sun to darkness Jo 3:4; stones to chaff Jb 41:20; month changed from sorrow to gladness Est 9:22; cf. ψ 32:4 where complem. om. d. be overturned, overthrown, of city Nineveh Jon 3:4. e. be upturned, of subterran. work of miners Jb 28:5 = there is an upturning.
Hithp. Impf. 3 fs. תִּתְהַפֵּךְ Jb 38:14; Pt. מִתְהַפֵּךְ Ju 7:13 Jb 37:12; מִתְהַפֶּכֶת Gn 3:24;—reflex. & intrans.: 1. turn this way & that, every way, of the flaming sword Gn 3:24 (J); storm-cloud Jb 37:12; turn over & over Ju 7:13, of bread-cake tumbling into the host of Midian. 2. transform oneself, Jb 38:14 of earth under rising dawn.
Hoph. Pf. הָהְפַּךְ עָלַי בַּלָּהוֹת Jb 30:15 there have been turned upon me terrors (cf. הִתְגַּלְגָּ֑לוּ v 14, of foes).

הֲפֵכָה

† הֲפֵכָה n.f. overthrow (cf. especially Assyrian abiktu Dl^W), of the cities (of the plain) Gn 19:29; cf. [מַהְפֵּכָה] and הָפַךְ 1 b.

הֲפַכְפַּךְ

† הֲפַכְפַּךְ adj. crooked, הֲפַכְפַּךְ דֶּרֶךְ אִישׁ וָזָר֑ Pr 21:8 crooked is the way of a guilty man.

הֲפַרְפָּרָה

† [הֲפַרְפָּרָה] n.f. mole (as digger)—only Is 2:20, read לַחֲפַרְפָּרוֹת (MT לַחְפֹּר פֵּרוֹת, meaning obscure, v. conject. in Thes Ges^Comm. Di).

הֻצַּב

הֻצַּב Na 2:8 dub.; perhaps txt. error; v. נצב.

הַצָּלָה

הַצָּלָה v. sub נצל. הַצְּלֶלְפּוֹנִי v. sub iii [צָלַל].

הַצְּלֶלְפּוֹנִי

† הַצְּלֶלְפּוֹנִי n.pr.f. in Judah (give shade, thou that turnest to me!) 1 Ch 4:3, Εσηλεββων, etc.

הֹ֫צֶן

† הֹ֫צֶן n.[m.] deriv. & meaning dub.; only Ez 23:24 וּבָאוּ עָלַיִךְ הֹצֶן רֶכֶב וְגַלְגַּל; txt. prob. in error: 𝔊 מִצָּפוֹן so Co (cf. 26:7); 𝔖 𝔗 with arms; Hi הָצֵן, Inf. Hiph. of √ צנן, with rattling; Ew חֹצֶן (so Codd.) with shoulder as place of carrying weapon; Bö Sm הֲמוֹן multitude; Dl^{Baer’s Ezech. xi.} gains like sense without emend. by comparing Assyrian êṣin collect, gather, Flood Tabl.^{ii, 25, ff.}, but this very dubious.

הַר

הַר v. sub הרר.

הֹר

† הֹר n.pr.mont.
1. mt. on border of Edom, always הֹר הָהָר, named as stage in Isr.’s journey to Canaan Nu 20:22; 21:4; 33:37 Dt 32:50; as place of Aaron’s death Nu 20:23, 25, 27; 33:38, 39, 41 Dt 32:50 (all P); = mod. Jebel Nebi Hârûn c. 50 miles S. of Dead Sea, just S. (SW.) of Petra, according to Rob^{BR ii, 125, 152, cf. 519 ff.} Bd^{Pal. 153}; disputed by Ew Kn Di, & especially Trumbull^{Kadesh Barnea 128 ff.}, who thinks of J. Madurah, NW. of Edom.
2. a NE. spur of Lebanon Nu 34:7, 8 (P); mod. Jebel ʿAkkar cf. Porter^{Damascus, ed. 2, p. 333} Nbr^{Géogr. du Talm. p. 9} FurrerZPV ^{viii. 27}; yet v. Di.

הַר²

הַר₅₅₈ n.m. Gn 7:19 mountain, hill, hill-country (NH id., pl. הָרִים, הֲרָרִים; Ph. הר †CIS ^{i. 3, 17}; Sab. sf. הרתהמו DHM^{ZMG 1876, 673});—ה׳ abs. Jos 17:18 +; c. art. הָהָר Ex 3:12 +; c. ָה loc. הֶ֫רָה Gn 14:10, הָהָ֫רָה Gn 12:8 + 12 times; cstr. הַר Gn 10:30 +; sf. הַרֲרִי ψ 30:8, הֲרָרִי Je 17:3; הַרְכֶם ψ 11:1; הַרֲרָם Gn 14:6; pl. הָרִים Dt 11:11 +; c. art. הֶהָרִים Gn 7:19 +; cstr. הָרֵי Gn 8:4 + 27 times; הַרֲרֵי Dt 33:15 + 8 times (all poet.); sf. הָרַי Is 14:25; 49:11 Zc 14:5 + Ez 38:21 (B Co חרדה), הָרָ֑י Is 65:9; הָרָיו Ez 35:8 Mal 1:3; הֲרָרֶיהָ Dt 8:9;—
1. mountain, hill (these often not sharply distinguished, but): a. specif. mountain, high elevation, often in all the literature;—e.g. הַר סִינַי Mount Sinai (properly, the Mount of Sinai; so always) †Ex 19:11, 18, 20, 23; 24:16; 31:18; 34:2, 4, 29, 32 Lv 7:38; 25:1; 26:46; 27:34 Nu 3:1; 28:6 Ne 9:13 (v. סִינַי); also הָהָר = id., Ex 19:2 + 10 times Ex 19 (v 18 read הָעָם, so Codd. 𝔊 Di) 20:18; 24:4 + 6 times Ex 24; 25:40; 26:30; 27:8; 32:1, 15, 19; 34:2, 3^(×2), 29; = הַר חוֹרֵב †Ex 33:6 (v. חֹרֵב), also אֶל־הַר הָאֱלֹהִים חֹרֵ֑בָה Ex 3:1, עַד הַר הָאֱלֹהִים חֹרֵב 1 K 19:8; further הָהָר = id., Dt 4:11^(×2); 5:4, 5, 19, 20; 9:9 + 10 times Dt 9.10, 1 K 19:11; = הַר הָאֱלֹהִים Ex 4:27; 18:5; 24:13 (all JE) = הַר יהוה Nu 10:33 (cf. Di); v. further הֹר הָהָר Hor the mount (so always) Nu 20:22 + 10 times Nu; Dt 32:50; = הָהָר Nu 20:28^(×2); הַר נְבוֹ Dt 32:49; 34:1 = הָהָר 32:50; = הַר הָעֲבָרִים הַזֶּה Nu 27:12 Dt 32:49, cf. (לִפְנֵי נְבוֹ) הָרֵי הָעֲבָרִים Nu 33:47, 48; הַר גְּרִזִּים Mt. Gerizim †Dt 11:29; 27:12 Jos 8:33; רֹאשׁ הַר־גְּרִזִּים Ju 9:7; הַר עֵיבָ֑ל Mt. Ebal †Dt 11:29; 27:4, 13 Jos 8:30, 33; also הַר חֶרְמוֹן Mt. Hermon Dt 3:8 Jos 11:17; 12:1, 5; 13:5, 11 1 Ch 5:23; cf. Dt 4:48 הַר שִׂראֹן הוּא חֶרְמוֹן (v. חֶרְמוֹן), & הַר בַּעַל חֶרְמוֹן (v. id., & בעל חרמון sub בעל); הַר הַלְּבָנוֹן Mt. Lebanon Ju 3:3, cf. מְרוֹם הָרִים יַרְכְּתֵי לְבָנוֹן 2 K 19:23 = Is 37:24 (v. לבנון); הַר הַכַּרְמֶ֑ל Mt. Carmel 1 K 18:19, 20 2 K 2:25; 4:25 (v. כרמל); הָהָר = id., 4:27, appar. also 1:9; הַר תָּבוֹר Mt. Tabor, Ju 4:6, 12, 14, cf. Je 46:18 תָּבוֹר בֶּהָרִים (opp. כַּרְמֶל בַּיָּם); הַר הַגִּלְבֹּעַ 1 S 31:1, 8 2 S 1:6, also (poet.) הָרֵי בַּגּ׳ v 21 (cf. Dr); הַר־חֶרֶס Ju 1:35 (Stu עָר חֶרֶס) cf. חֶרֶס; הַר הַזֵּיתִים Zc 14:4^(×2) Mount of Olives, (opp. גֵּיא) cf. הָהָר אֲשֶׁר מִקֶּדֶם לָעִיר Ez 11:23; also בָּהָר אֲשֶׁר עַל־פְּנֵי יְרוּשָׁלִַם 1 K 11:7 (place of Sol.’s idolary) = הַר־הַמַּשְׁחִית 2 K 23:13 mt. of the destroyer (same combin. in another, fig. sense Je 51:25), others der. הַמ׳ here from משׁח anoint, and render as = Mt. of Olives (cited as הר המשׁחה Talm, Shabb. 56 b), cf. Hoffm^{ZAW 1882, 175}; אַחַד הֶהָרִים in land of Moriah Gn 22:2; mts. about Jerus. in gen., יְרוּשָׁלִַם הָרִים סָבִיב לָהּ ψ 125:2; cf. also ψ 121:1 (‖ יהוה); הָהָר of citadel of Jerus. Is 22:5; of temple hill הַר הַבַּיִת Mi 3:12 = Je 26:18; הַר בֵּית־י׳ Is 2:2 = Mi 4:1, 2 Ch 33:15; also הֲרָרִי בַּשָּׂדֶה Je 17:3; further הַר צִיּוֹן Mt. Zion Is 4:5; 8:18; 10:12; 18:7; 24:23; 29:8; 31:4; 37:32 Mi 4:7 La 5:18 Ob 17 Jo 3:5 ψ 48:3, 12; 74:2; 78:68; 125:1 (v. also צִיּוֹן); comp. הַר בַּ֯ית־צִיּוֹן Is 10:32, הַר בַּת צ׳ 16:1; הַר־י׳ Is 2:3 = Mi 4:2, Is 30:29 ψ 24:3; (id. of Horeb Nu 10:33 JE); הַר־י׳ צְבָאוֹת הַר הַקֹּדֶשׁ Zc 8:3, הַר־קָדְשִׁי Zp 3:11 Ob 16 Ez 20:40 Is 11:9 = 65:25, cf. 56:7; 57:13; 65:11 Jo 2:1 (‖ צִיּוֹן) 4:17 (‖ id.) ψ 2:6 (‖ id.) 3:5; 15:1; 43:3; 48:2; v. further הַר־קָדְשִׁי יְרוּשָׁלִַם Is 66:20 cf. Dn 9:16 & הַר הַקֹּדֶשׁ יְרוּשָׁלִַם Is 27:13; also הַר צְבִי־קֹדֶשׁ Dn 11:45; הַר־הַקֹּדֶשׁ Je 31:23; even הַר קֹדֶשׁ אֱלֹהַי Dn 9:20; other designations of temple-hill are הָהָר חָמַד א׳ לְשִׁבְתּוֹ ψ 68:17, & הַר מְרוֹם יִשְׂרָאֵל Ez 17:23; 20:40 (‖ הַר־קָדְשִׁי); הַר קֹדֶשׁ אֱלֹהִים Ez 28:14 of the distant abode of God (or gods?) so הַר אֱלֹהִים v 16 (הַר־אֱלֹהִים ψ 68:16 is general, a God’s mountain, i.e. a majestic mt., likewise in simile מִשְׁפָּטֶיךָ כְּהַרֲרֵי־אֵל ψ 36:7);—הַר הָאֱלֹהִים elsewhere of Horeb (Sinai) Ex 4:27; 18:5; 24:13 1 K 19:8 (v. supr.). Note partic. †הַר־מוֹעֵד Is 14:13 mountain of meeting or of assembly, i.e. the dwelling-place of the gods, according to Babylonian conception, here represented as in the far north, v. especially Che De Di, Dl^{Pa 117 ff.} COT ^{ad loc.} Jr ^{57 ff.} Jen ^{Kosmologie 23}. Upon the mt. is עָל־הָהָר cf. וַתֵּבְךְּ עַל־בְּתוּלֶיהָ עַל־הֶהָרִים Ju 11:38, & the peculiar phr. וְאֵלְכָה וְיָרַדְתִּי עַל־הֶהָרִים v 37; go up upon עָלָה אֶל־ Ex 19:23; 24:13; 34:4 (all JE); cf. acc. in הַעַל אֹתָם הֹר הָהָר Nu 20:25; speak with one upon is דבר בהר Ex 31:18; 34:32 Nu 3:1 (all P), Lv 25:1 (H), cf. command, give commands, law, etc., בהר Lv 7:38; 26:46; 27:34 (all P or H); other phrases with בְּ upon (lit. in, i.e. in the midst of a group of mts.) Ex 34:3 בְּכָל (JE) 25:40; 26:30; 27:8 Nu 28:6 (all P), Is 13:4; but בְּחֹרֵב ψ 106:19 = at Horeb, בְּהֹר הָהָר Nu 33:37 at Mt. Hor; go down from the mt. is יָרַד מִן־הָהָר Ex 32:1, 15 (both JE) 34:29^(×2) (both P), cf. Ju 9:36 etc. b. mountain-range הַר־בָּשָׁן ψ 68:16^(×2) = הַר־אֱלֹהִים v 16; = הַר־גַּבְנֻנִּים v 16, הָרִים גַּבְנֻנִּים v 17 (of the Jebel Hauran: v. בשׁן). c. mountain, indef., Jb 14:18 (‖ צוּר); usually pl. mountains, in general, or the mountains, especially in poet. & the higher style; often fig.; הָרִים, הֶהָרִים, covered by flood Gn 7:20 cf. v 19; 8:5; covered by waters & freed therefrom by word of God (at creation) ψ 104:6; a chief work of God (in creation) Am 4:13 ψ 65:7; 90:2 Pr 8:25 (‖ גְּבָעוֹת); weighed by God Is 40:12; removed and overturned in anger of God Jb 9:5 cf. ψ 46:3, 4; devastated by God Is 42:15 (‖ גְּבָעוֹת) cf. Je 9:9; smoking at God’s touch ψ 104:32; 144:5; melting at presence of י׳ Ju 5:5 Mi 1:4 ψ 97:5 Is 63:19; 64:2; trembling Is 5:25 cf. Je 4:24 (‖ גְּבָעוֹת), Na 1:5 (‖ id.), Hb 3:10; called to witness Yahweh’s dealings with his people Mi 6:2 (‖ הָאֵתָנִים מֹסְדֵי אָ֑רֶץ) cf. v 1 (‖ הַגְּבָעוֹת), entreated to cover the guilty Ho 10:8 (‖ גְּבָעוֹת); addressed by י׳ also Ez 6:3 (‖ גְּבָעוֹת, opp. אֲפִיקִים, גֵּאָוֹת); specif., mts. of Israel summoned to hear י׳ and addressed by him Ez 36:1^(×2), 4, 8; 37:22; 38:8; 39:2, 4; summoned to praise י׳ ψ 148:9 (‖ גְּבָעוֹת) cf. Is 44:23; 49:13; 55:12 (‖ גְּבָעוֹת); leaping in praise of י׳ ψ 114:4, 6 (both ‖ גְּבָעוֹת); הַרֲרֵי־קֶדֶם Dt 33:15 (‖ גִּבְעוֹת עוֹלָם); הַרֲרֵי־עַד Hb 3:6 (‖ id.); הַרֲרֵי־עַד also ψ 76:5 (according to 𝔊 Bi Che; MT has טֶרֶף for עַד), and prob. Gn 49:26 for MT הוֹרַי עַד (‖ גִּבְעֹת עוֹלָם) cf. Di d. high mt. הַר גָּבֹהַּ Is 30:25 (‖ גִּבְעָה נִשָּׂאָה) cf. 40:9; 52:7; הַר גָּבֹהַּ מְאֹד Ez 40:2; הַר גָּבֹהַּ וְתָלוּל Ez 17:22; pl. הֶהָרִים הַגְּבֹהִים Gn 7:19 ψ 104:18 (‖ סְלָעִים), הֶה׳ הָרָמִים Is 2:14 as symbol of strength and pride (‖ הַגְּבָעוֹת הַנִּשָּׂאוֹת), cf. הֶהָרִים Ez 38:20 (‖ מַדְרֵגוֹת, חוֹמָה). e. opp. valley or plain Jos 12:8 (D; opp. מִדְּבָּר, אֲשֵׁדוֹת, עֲרָבָה, שְׁפֵלָה), cf. Dt 1:7, also Je 17:26 (opp. שְׁפֵלָה); Gn 19:17 (J; opp. כִּכָּר); often opp. גַּיְא 2 K 2:16 Ez 31:12 (fig.) 32:5 (id.) 35:8 (‖ גִּבְעָה), 36:4 (‖ id.), Is 40:4 (‖ id.), opp. בִּקְעָה Dt 8:7; 11:11 ψ 104:8; opp. מִדְבָּר La 4:19 (cf. Jos 12:8 supr.); בֵּין הָרִים ψ 104:10 is ‖ בַּנְּחָלִים; see also אֱלֹהֵי הָרִים י׳ וְלֹא־אֱלֹהֵי עֲמָקִים 1 K 20:28, cf. v 23 (opp. מִישׁוֹר); note also הַר הָעֵמֶק Jos 13:19 (P), & גֵּיא־הָרַי, גֵּי־הָרִים Zc 14:5^(×2); further מִדְבַּר הָרִים ψ 75:7 mountainous desert Vrss. & most mod. (Baer מִדְבָּר but cf. De); mountain-ward is הֶ֫רָה Gn 14:10. f. mts. as hiding-places:—הַמִּנְהָרוֹת אֲשֶׁר בֶּהָרִים Ju 6:2 the burrows (Stanley, VB) which are in the mts.; cf. ψ 11:1 Je 16:16 (‖ גִּבְעָה); הָפַךְ מִשֹּׁרֶשׁ הָרִים Jb 28:9 (of mining), v. also Dt 8:9. g. mts. as running-place of gazelles 1 Ch 12:8; of leopards הַרֲרֵי נְמֵרִים Ct 4:8; hunting-ground for partridges 1 S 26:20; עוֹף הָרִים ψ 50:11 cf. 11:1 (fig.); wandering-place of lost sheep (fig.) Na 3:18 1 K 22:17 Je 50:6 cf. v 6 (‖ גִּבְעָה), Ez 34:6 (‖ כָּל־גִּבְעָה רָמָה) 2 Ch 18:16. h. grazing-places for cattle בְּהֵמוֹת בְּהַרֲרֵי־אָ֑לֶף ψ 50:10 (read אֵל for אלף Ol Bi Che), cf. וְתוּר הָרִים Jb 39:8 of pasture of wild ass; also (si vera l.) בּוּל הָרִים Jb 40:20, i.e. mts. as furnishing food for hippopot.; v. further Ct 4:6; 8:14 Pr 27:25. i. as place of field and vineyards 2 Ch 26:10 (opp. שְׁפֵלָה, מִישׁוֹר) Is 7:25; v. also הַמַּצְמִיחַ הָרִים חָצִיר ψ 147:8 cf., Hg 1:11; fig. ψ 72:3 (‖ גְּבָעוֹת); in promise יִטְּפוּ הֶהָרִים עָסִיס וְהַגְּבָעוֹתּ תֵּלַכְּנָה חָלָב Jo 4:18 cf. Am 9:13; j. as kindled into flame (i.e. their forests; in sim.) ψ 83:15. k. as scene of massacre, (fig.) Is 34:3 melting with blood; as place of battle array, height 1 S 17:3^(×2). l. as places of illicit worship Is 65:7 (‖ גְּבָעוֹת) cf. Je 3:6 & appar. v 25 (‖ id.) so הַר־גָּבֹהַּ וְנִשָּׂא Is 57:7, הֶהָרִים הָרָמִים Dt 12:2 (‖ הַגְּבָעוֹת); but Ez 18:6, 15 read perhaps הַדָּם for הרים cf. RS^{K 310} & 33:25. m. in various combinations צַד הָהָר 1 S 23:26^(×2) 2 S 13:34 side of the mt., צֵלַע הָהָר 16:13 id.; מֹץ הָרִים Is 17:13 chaff of mts.; זֶרֶם הָרִים Jb 24:8 mountain-shower; צֵל הֶהָרִים Ju 9:36 shadow of the mts.; מִבֵּין שְׁנֵי הָרִים וְהֶהָרִים הָרֵי נְחשֶׁת Zc 6:1; top of mt. usually רֹאשׁ הָהָר Nu 14:40, 44 1 S 26:13 2 K 1:9; as place for beacon Is 30:17 (‖ גִּבְעָה), (cf. הַר־נִשְׁפֶּה 13:2 & נְשֹׂא־נֵס הָרִים Is 18:3), רֹאשׁ הֶהָרִים Is 2:2 = Mi 4:1, רֹאשׁ הָרִים Is 42:11 (‖ סֶלַע as dwelling-place) v. also ψ 72:16; רָאשֵׁי הֶהָרִים Gn 8:5; as lurking-places for ambuscade Ju 9:25, 36, places for altars Ez 6:13 (‖ גִּבְעָה רָמָה), for sacrifice Ho 4:13 (‖ הַגְּבָעוֹת); רֹאשׁ הָהָר Jos 15:8 = mt.-ridge, cf. v 9 Ju 16:3; תּוֹעֲפוֹת הָרִים ψ 95:4; foundations of mts. מוֹסְדֵי הָרִים Dt 32:22 ψ 18:8 (‖ מוֹסְדוֹת הַשָּׁמַיִם 2 S 22:8); cf. לְקִצְבֵי הָרִים יָרַדְתִּי Jon 2:7. n. in fig. uses: תָּדוּשׁ הָרִים וְתָדֹק וּגְבָעוֹת כַּמֹּץ תָּשִׂים Is 41:15 fig. of Isr.’s overcoming its foes; יִתְנַגְּפוּ רַגְלֵיכֶם עַל־הָרֵי נָ֑שֶׁף Je 13:16 of encountering hopeless calamities; הֶהָרִים Is 54:10 as less permanent & changeless than Yahweh’s kindness (‖ גְּבָעוֹת); הַר הַמַּשְׁחִית Je 51:25 & הַר שְׂרֵפָה v 25 fig. of Babylon.
2. hill-country, mountain-region, a. opp. plain, etc.:—dwelling-place of Canaanites, הָהָר Nu 13:17, 29 (of promised land; opp. אֶרֶץ הַנֶּגֶב, הַיָּם & יַד־הַיַּרְדֵּן); בָּֽעֲרָבָה בָּהָר וּבַשְּׁפֵלָה וּבַנֶּגֶב וּבְחוֹף הַיָּם Dt 1:7; בָּהָר וּבָֽעֲרָבָה נֶגֶב כִּנֲּרוֹת וּבַשְּׁפֵלָה וּבְנָפוֹת דּוֹר מִיָּם Jos 11:2; בָּהָר וּבַשְּׁפֵלָה וּבָֽעֲרָבָה וּבָֽאֲשֵׁדוֹת וּבַמִּדְבָּר וּבַנֶּגֶב 12:8; cf. 9:1; 10:40 Ju 1:9; הָהָר indef. (the hill-country, the mountains, in gen.) 2 Ch 2:1 (place for hewing wood) so v 17; Ne 8:15 (place for cutting boughs), etc. b. of a particular mountain-region, hill-country: הַר הָאֱמֹרִי Dt 1:7 (cf. v 7) v 19 (cf. v 24), also Jos 10:6; of Amalekites Ju 12:15; of Ephraim Jos 17:15; 19:50; 20:7; 21:21; 24:30, 33 Ju 3:27; 4:5; 7:24; 9:48; 17:1 + 6 times Ju 17, 1 S 1:1; 9:4; 14:22 2 S 20:21 1 K 4:8; 12:25 2 K 5:22 1 Ch 6:52 2 Ch 13:4; 15:8; 19:4 Je 4:15; 31:6; Ephraim and Gilead 50:19 (cf. also (ה)הר Jos 17:16, 18 Ju 3:27); of Israel Jos 11:16, 21, cf. הָרֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל Ez 6:2; 19:9; 33:28; 34:13; 35:12; הָרֵי מְרוֹם יִשְׂרָאֵל Ez 17:23; 20:40 (‖ הַר־קָדְשִׁי) 34:14; עָרֵי הָהָר i.e. in mountain-country Dt 2:37 (of Ammonites), Je 32:44; 33:13; hill-country of Judah Jos 11:21; 15:48; 18:12; 20:7; 21:11; 2 Ch 21:11 (הָרֵי יהודה) 27:4; abode of Jebusites Jos 11:3.

הָרָא

† הָרָא n.pr.loc. 1 Ch 5:26 but read עָרֵי מָדַי cf. Schr^{KGF 430}, v. ‖ 2 K 17:6; 18:11.

הַרְאֵל

הַרְאֵל Ez 43:15 v. אֲרִאֵיל sub ii. ארה.

הַרְבִּית

הַרְבִּית 2 S 14:11 v. sub i רָבָה.

הֶ֫רֶג

† הֶ֫רֶג n.m. ^{Is 30:25} slaughter—ה׳ abs. Pr 24:11 + 2 times + Ez 26:15 (𝔊 Co חֶרֶב); cstr. Is 27:7—of Jews’ slaughter of their enemies Est 9:5 (‖ אַבְדָֿ֑ן); מָטִים לַהֶרֶג Pr 24:11 (‖ לְקֻחִים לַמָּ֑וֶת); כְּהֶרֶג הֲרוּגָיו הֹרָ֑ג Is 27:7; ביום הֶרֶג רַב Is 30:25 (cf. ביום חֲבשׁ י׳ אֶת־שֶׁבֶר עַמּוֹ v 26). Ez 26:15 read with 𝔊 Co supr.

הָרַג

† הָרַג vb. kill, slay (NH id., ואהרג MI (1 s. Impf. consec.); Arabic هَرَجَ fall into war, conflict, disorder, slaughter; Sab. הרג fight Os^{4, 1, 17}, kill Sab Denkm^{24, 25})—
Qal Pf. 3 ms. ה׳ Ju 9:24 + 4 times, הָרָ֑ג 2 S 14:7 + 2 times, וְהָרַג consec. Is 27:1; sf. וַהֲרָגָ֑נִי consec. 1 S 16:2 + 2 times; הֲרָגוֹ Gn 4:25; etc.; Impf. יַהֲרֹג ψ 10:8 + 4 times; יַהֲרָג־ Jb 5:2; וַיַּהֲרֹג Ex 13:15 + 14 times; sf. יַהַרְגֵנִי Gn 4:14; 1 s. אַהֱרוֹג Am 2:3, אֶהֱרֹג Am 9:1; cohort. וְאַהַרְגָה Gn 27:41; sf. וָאֶהֶרְגֵהוּ 2 S 4:10 2 K 10:9; 3 mpl. יַהֲרֹ֑גוּ ψ 94:6 Ez 23:47; וַיַּהַרְגוּ Gn 34:25 + 4 times; sf. יַהַרְגֻנִי Gn 26:7, etc.; Imv. הֲרֹג Ju 8:20; sf. הָרְגֵנִי Nu 11:15; pl. הִרְגוּ Nu 25:5 + 2 times; הֲרֹ֑גוּ Nu 31:17; Inf. abs. הָרֹג Nu 11:15 + 2 times; הָרוֹג Est 9:16; cstr. הֲרֹג Ex 2:15 + 11 times; הֲרוֹג Ec 3:3 Est 7:4; sf. הָרְגֵנִי Ex 2:14; הָרְגֵנוּ Ex 5:21; הֲרָגְךָ 1 S 24:11; הָרְגֶ֑ךָ Gn 27:42 + 2 times; הָרְגוֹ Ex 21:14; Pt. act. הֹרֵג Gn 4:15 + 4 times; הוֹרֵג Ez 21:16; הֹרֱג֑ךָ Ez 28:9; הֹרְגִים Je 4:31 2 K 17:25; pass. הֲרוּגִים Is 10:4 + 2 times; הֲרֻגִים Is 14:19; cstr. הֲרֻגֵי Je 18:21; הֲרוּגָיו Is 27:7; הֲרוּגֶיהָ Is 26:21; הֲרֻגֶיהָ Pr 7:26;— 1. a. kill, slay, implying ruthless violence, especially private violence Gn 4:8, 14, 15, 23, 25; 12:12 (all J), 20:11 (E) 26:7; 27:41, 42; 34:25, 26; 37:20, 26 (all J), 49:6 (poem in J), Ex 2:14^(×2), 15 (E), 5:21 (J) 21:14; 23:7 (both JE), Nu 31:19 (P) Ju 9:5, 18, 24^(×2), 56; 16:2; 20:5 1 S 16:2; 22:21; 24:11, 12, 18 2 S 3:30; 4:10, 11, 12; 12:9; 14:7; 23:21 1 K 2:5, 32; 18:12, 13, 14; 19:1, 10, 14 2 K 9:31; 10:9 1 Ch 7:21; 11:23 2 Ch 21:4, 13; 22:8; 24:23, 25; 25:3 Ne 4:5; 6:10^(×2) Zc 11:5 ψ 10:8; 94:6 (‖ רִצֵּתַ); cf. Ju 8:18, 19, 20, 21; 9:54 1 K 12:27 Is 14:20 2 Ch 22:1 Ne 9:26; so of massacre of Jews planned by Haman Est 3:13; 7:4 (both לְהַשְׁמִיד לַהֲרֹג וּלְאַבֵּד), and of slaughter of Jews’ enemies in defence and revenge Est 8:11 (same combin.) 9:6, 10, 12, 15, 16 cf. v 11 (pt. pass. the slain). b. hence of wholesale slaughter after battle Nu 31:7, 8^(×2) 17^(×2) (all P), Jos 8:24; 10:11 (both JE), 13:22 (P), Ju 7:25^(×2); 8:17; 9:45 2 S 10:18 1 K 9:16; 11:24 2 K 8:12 1 Ch 19:18 2 Ch 28:6, 7, 9; 36:17 Ez 26:8, 11, cf. Ju 9:26; pt. pass. the slain Is 10:4; 14:19 cf. Ez 23:10, 47; 37:9, Je 18:21 הֲרֻגֵי מָוֶת (‖ מֻכֵּי־חֶרֶב); further Ho 9:13 Hb 1:17 Je 4:31 Ez 21:16; 28:9; also of slaughter in a revolt 2 K 11:8 = 2 Ch 23:17. 2. of God’s slaying in judgment (stern and inscrutable), Gn 20:4 (E), Ex 4:23; 13:15; 22:23 (all JE), Am 2:3; 4:10; 9:1, 4 La 2:4, 21; 3:43 ψ 59:12; 78:31, 34; 135:10; 136:18 cf. Nu 11:15^(×2) (JE), 22:23 (J), Is 14:30, 26;21 (pass. the slain, so 27:7), Je 15:3; fig. הֲרַגְתִּים בְּאִמְרֵי־פִ֑י Ho 6:5 (‖ חָצַבְתִּי בַּנְּבִיאִים). 3. rarely of judicial killing by men (at God’s command), Ex 32:27 (JE), Lv 20:15, 16 (H), Nu 25:5 (JE), Dt 13:10^(×2) cf. Ez 9:6 תַּהַרְגוּ לְמַשְׁחִית. 4. of killing beasts, Nu 22:29 (J; Balaam’s ass), Lv 20:15 cf. supr., Is 22:13 (oxen; ‖ שָׁחֹט), הַתַּנִּין אֲשֶׁר בַּיָּ֑ם Is 27:1; also of killing vines, by hail ψ 78:47. 5. of killing by beasts: lions 2 K 17:25, viper Jb 20:16. 6. quite general is עֵת לַהֲרוֹג וְעֵת לִרְפּוֹא Ec 3:3. 7. destroy, ruin לֶאֱוִיל יַהֲרָג־כָּ֑עַשׂ וּפֹתֶה תָּמִית קִנְאָה Jb 5:2; מְשׁוּבַת פְּתָיִם תַּהַרְגֵם וְשַׁלְוַת כְּסִילִים תְּאַבְּדֵם Pr 1:32; also of those ruined by shameless woman Pr 7:26.—Regular construction is c. acc.; obj. sometimes om., as La 2:21; used abs. Ho 9:13 Je 4:31; 15:3 La 3:43 Ez 21:16 Ec 3:3; sq. בְּ slay among, i.e. some of, 2 K 17:25 2 Ch 28:6, 9 ψ 78:31; sq. מִן (part of), + acc., 1 Ch 19:18; sq. dir. obj. c. לְ †2 S 3:30 Jb 5:2 ψ 135:11 = 136:19, 20 (but in last 3 first obj. is acc.).
Niph. Impf. 1. pass. of Qal 1 a, יֵהָרֵג La 2:20 shall priest and prophet be slain in the sanctuary? 2. pass. of Qal 1 b, 3 fpl. תֵּהָרַגְנָה Ez 26:6; also Ez 26:15 בֶּחָהרֵגּ הֶרֶג (= בְּהֵהָרֵג), but 𝔊 Co בַּהֲרֹג חֶרֶב.
Pu. Pf. 3 ms. הֹרָ֑ג Is 27:7 be slain (pass. of Qal 1 b); cf. 1 pl. הֹרַגְנוּ ψ 44:23 (‖ נֶחְשַׁבְנוּ כְּעֹאן טִבְחָה).

הֲרֵגָה

† הֲרֵגָה n.f. slaughter; only abs. in foll. combinations, גֵּיא ה׳; Je 7:32; 19:6 new name for גֵּיא בֶן־הִנֹּם; יוֹם ה׳ Je 12:3 of the wicked, i.e. day of judgment; צֹאן ה׳ Zc 11:4, 7 i.e. Judah and Israel, slaughtered by their shepherds.

הָרָה

† I. הָרָה vb. conceive, become pregnant (Assyrian erû cf. Dl^{Pr 21} Muss. Arnolt Hbr ^{Oct. 1890, 67} Jäger^{BAS i. 473});—
Qal Pf. 3 ms. וְהָרָה consec. ψ 7:15; 3 fs. הָרָ֑תָה Gn 16:4, 5; 2 fs. וְהָרִית consec. Ju 13:3; i s. הָרִיתִי Nu 11:12; 1 pl. הָרִינוּ Is 26:18; Impf. וַתַּ֫הַר Gn 4:1 + 26 times (וַתַּ֑הַר Gn 16:4); 3 fpl. וַתַּהֲרֶיןָ Gn 19:36; 2 mpl. תַּהֲרוּ Is 33:11; Inf. abs. הָרֹה Jb 15:35, הָרוֹ Is 59:4 cf. also v 13 sub Po. infr.; Pt. f. sf. הוֹרָתִי Ct 3:4; הוֹרָתָם Ho 2:7;— 1. lit. conceive, become pregnant Gn 16:4^(×2), 5; 19:36; 25:21; 38:18 (all J), 2 S 11:5 (agency of man expressed by מִן Gn 19:36, לְ 38:18); usually in phr. וַתַּהַר וַתֵּלֶד Gn 4:1, 17; 21:2; 29:32, 33, 34, 35; 30:5, 7 (all J), v 17, 19, 23 (all E), 38:3, 4 (both J), Ex 2:2 (E), 1 S 1:20; 2:21 2 K 4:17 1 Ch 7:23 Is 8:3 Ho 1:3, 6, 8, prob. also 1 Ch 4:17 ותהר אֶת־מִרְיָם [ותלד] cf. Be; further Ju 13:3, and cf. Moses’ question הֶאָנֹכִי הָרִיתִי אֵת כָּל־הָעָם הַזֶּה אִם־אָנֹכִי יְלִדְתִּיהוּ Nu 11:12 have I conceived all this people, or have I brought it forth? Pt. f. ‖ אֵם Ho 2:7 Ct 3:4. 2. metaph. הָרִינוּ חַלְנוּ כְמוֹ יָלַדְנוּ רוּחַ Is 26:18 of anxious and disappointed waiting; תַּהֲרוּ חֲשַׁשׁ תֵּלְדוּ קַשׁ Is 33:11, of futile planning, cf. Che; elsewhere of evil, mischief וְהָרָה עָמָל וְיָלַד שָׁ֑קֶר ψ 7:15 (subj. wicked man), cf. Jb 15:35 Is 59:4, so also v 13, read הָרוֹ (Inf. abs.) cf. Di.
Pu. Pf. 3 ms. הֹרָה גָּ֑בֶר Jb 3:3 a man hath been conceived (Bö^{ii p. 103} Ba^{NB 77} regard as Qal pass.).
Po. Inf. abs., conceive, contrive, devise הֹרוֹ וְהֹגוֹ מִּלֵּב דִּבְרֵי שָׁ֑קֶר Is 59:13, but read rather הָרוֹ וְהָגוֹ Qal Inf. abs. v. supr. (Ba ^l.c. expl. MT as Qal Inf. pass.).—On הוֹרַי Gn 49:26 v. הוֹר and הַר 1 c.

הָרָה²

† II. הָרָה adj.f. pregnant—;abs. ה׳ Gn 16:11 + 10 times; cstr. הֲרַת Je 20:17; pl. cstr. הָרוֹת Am 1:13; sf. הָרוֹתֶיהָ 2 K 15:16; הָרֹתֵיהֶם 2 K 8:12;—pregnant, as attrib., אִשָּׁה ה׳ Ex 21:22; as pred. Gn 38:24 (לִזְנוּנִים), v 25 (לְאִישׁ), 1 S 4:19 2 S 11:5 Is 7:14 (+ וְיֹלֶדֶת); in phr. הִנָּךְ הָרָה וְיֹלַדְתְּ Gn 16:11 (on resemblance to Is 7:14 cf. PetersHbr ^{Apr. 1885, 243; Apr. 1886, 175}), Ju 13:5, 7; = subst. pregnant women, women with child Am 1:13 2 K 8:12; 15:16 Je 31:8, and, in sim., Is 26:17; once of womb וְרַחְמָהּ הֲרַת עוֹלָם Je 20:17.

הֵרוֹן

הֵרוֹן v. הֵרָיוֹן.

הֲרוֹרִי

† הֲרוֹרִי adj.gent. 1 Ch 11:27 הַהֲרוֹרִי; but read prob. הַחֲרוֹדִי (cf. ‖ 2 S 23:25) q.v.

הָרִיָּה

† [הָרִיָּה] adj.f. pregnant, only pl. as subst. וְהָרִיּוֹתָיו Ho 14:1 (cf. Assyrian êriiâtê Jäger^{BAS i. 473}).

הֵרָיוֹן

† הֵרָיוֹן n.[m.] conception, pregnancy;—ה׳ abs. Ho 9:11 Ru 4:13; sf. הֵרֹנֵךְ Gn 3:16, either contr., so Ew§ 214 a, or erron. for הריונך which stands in Sam. cf. Di;—conception, in combin. מִלֵּדָה וּמִבֶּטֶן וּמֵהֵרָי֑וֹן Ho 9:11; וַיִּתֵּן י׳ לָהּ ה׳ וַתֵּלֶד Ru 4:13; עִצְּבוֹנֵךְ וְהֵרֹנֵךְ Gn 3:16 (‖ תֵּלְדִי).

הֲרִיסָה

† [הֲרִיסָה] n.f. ruin (concr.);—וַהֲרִסֹתָיו אָקִים Am 9:11 and its ruins (i.e. of סֻכַּת דָּוִיד) will I raise up (‖ פִּרְצֵיהֶן).

הֲרִיסוּת

† [הֲרִיסוּת] n.f. overthrow, destruction, ruin;—אֶרֶץ הֲרִסֻתֵךְ Is 49:19 the land of thine over-throw, i.e. thy ruined land (‖ חָרְבֹתַיִךְ וְשֹׁמֲמֹתַיִךְ).

הֲרִיפִי

† הֲרִיפִי Qr, הרופי Kt, adj.gent. c. art.; שְׁפַטְיָהוּ הַח׳ 1 Ch 12:6 (Baer, v 5 van d. H), 𝔊 Χαρα(ι)φ(ε)ι, A Αρουφι; perhaps, if Qr right, connected with חָרִף Ne 7:24.

הָרָם

הָרָם v. בֵּית הָרָם p. 111 supr.

הָרֻם

† הָרֻם n.pr.m. a Judaite (DHM^{Epigr. Denkm. 59} comp. Sab. n.pr. הרם, הרמה, Arabic n.pr. هِرْمٌ, etc.) 1 Ch 4:8.

הֹרָם

† הֹרָם n.pr.m. a Canaanitish king ruling in Gezer Jos 10:33.

הַרְמוֹן

† [הַרְמוֹן] n.m. meaning dub.; text perhaphs corrupt; only Am 4:3 וְהִשְׁלַכְתֶּנָֿה הַהַרְמ֫וֹנָה and ye shall cast them (your אחרית, posterity, AE; Hi RV cast [yourselves], but read rather with Vrss as pass. וְהָשְׁל׳ shall be cast) into Harmon; if text be sound, some locality must be meant, though the nature of the allusion is lost (AV, into the palace, treats הרמון improb. as = ארמון). 𝔗 𝔖 have mountain(s) of Armenia (הַר מוֹנָה), Symm Armenia, cf. Lag^Ges. ^{Abh. 172}, Hoffm^{ZAW iii. 1882, 102}, of exile; Hi-St for ה׳ read הֲדַדְרִמּוֹנָה to Hadadrimmon, n.pr.loc. in plain of Jezreel, so Gunning; 𝔊 εἰς τὸ ὄρος τὸ Ῥομμαν, whence Ew ingeniously ההר רמונה and ye shall cast Rimmonah (name of idol, supposed fem. of Rimmon 2 K 5:18) to the mountains.

הָרַמִּים

הָרַמִּים v. אֲרַמִּי p. 74 supr.

הָרַמִּים²

הָרַמִּים 2 Ch 22:5, err. for הָאֲרַמִּים, v. אֲרָם.

הָרָן

† הָרָן n.pr.m. (mountaineer; i.e. mountain-people (or land)? cf. Di Gn 11:27);—
1. son of Teraḥ, brother of Abram and father of Lot Gn 11:27^(×2), 31 (all P), v 28 (J); also father of Milcah (Nahor’s wife) & Iscah v 29 (J).
2. a Levite (Gershonite) 1 Ch 23:9.—On הָרָן in n.pr.loc. v. sub בית הרם, p. 111.

הֶ֫רֶס

† הֶ֫רֶס n.[m.] overthrow, destruction, only Is 19:18 one shall be called עִיר הַהֶרֶס city of destruction, i.e. (as usually explained) with punning allusion to On-Heliopolis: it shall be called no longer עִיר הַחֶרֶס city of the sun, but עיר ההרס city of destruction, city whose temples, etc., of the sun have been destroyed; but perh. < 𝔊 πόλις ασεδεκ = עִיר הַצֶּדֶק city of righteousness, so Gei^{Urschrift 79} Brd Di (change intentional? cf. id.); on other views v. id. & De Che.

הָרַס

† הָרַס vb. throw down, break or tear down (MI הרס;? Arabic هَرَسَ, bruise, bray, pound, crush (grain))—
Qal Pf. הָ׳ La 2:2, 17; הָרָ֑ס Is 14:17; וְהָרַסְתָּ֫ Ju 6:25 וְהָרַסְתִּ֫י Ez 13:14 Mi 5:10; וְהָֽרְסוּ Ez 16:39; 26:4, 12 הָרָ֑סוּ 1 K 19:10, 14; Impf. יַהֲרוֹס Jb 12:14; sf. יֶהֶרְסֶ֑ךָ Is 22:19; וַיֶּהֶרְסֶ֑הָ 1 Ch 20:1; יֶהֶרְסֶנָּה Pr 29:4 יֶהֶרְסֵם ψ 28:5; 3 fs. sf. 3 ms. תֶּהֶרְסֶנּוּ Pr 14:1; 2 ms. תַּהֲרֹס Ex 15:7; אֶהֱרֹם Je 24:6; 42:10 אֶהֱרוֹס Mal 1:4; 3 mpl. יֶהֶרְסוּ Ex 19:21, 24; יַהֲרֹ֑סוּ 2 K 3:25; Imv. הֲרָס־ ψ 58:7; sf. הָרְסָהּ 2 S 11:25; Inf. הֲרֹס Je 31:28, הֲרוֹס Je 1:10; Pt. act. הֹרֵס Je 45:4; pass. הָרוּס 1 K 18:30;— 1. throw down, tear down, c. acc.: altar(s) Ju 6:25 1 K 18:30; 19:10, 14; height (גַּב, where idol-altar stood? cf. גַּב sub גבב) Ez 16:39; city (cities) Is 14:17 2 S 11:25 2 K 3:25 1 Ch 20:1 (cf. MI²⁷) Mal 1:4 (obj. not expr.); wall(s) Ez 13:14; 26:12; house Pr 14:1 (fig. of foolish woman’s action); strongholds (מִבְצָרִים) La 2:2 Mi 5:10; tower(s) Ez 26:4; fig. overthrow (i.e. ruin) land Pr 29:4 (opp. יַעֲמִיד); obj. men Ex 15:7 (poem in E) Is 22:19 (cast down Shebna from office); fig., opp. building up, of Yahweh’s dealings with men ψ 28:5, cf. (without obj.) Je 24:6; 42:10; obj. indef. אשׁר בָּנִיתִי אֲנִי הֹרֵס Je 45:4; abs. Je 1:10; 31:28 La 2:17 Jb 12:14. 2. break down, break away ה׳ שִׁנֵּימוֹ בְּפִימוֹ ψ 58:7 break away their teeth in their mouth! fig., addressed to God. 3. break through, intr., sq. אֶל־י׳ Ex 19:21; sq. לַעֲלֹת אֶל־י׳ v 24 (both J).
Niph. Pf. 3 fs. נֶהֱרָ֑סָה Pr 24:31; 3 pl. נֶהֶרְסוּ Je 50:15 Jo 1:17; וְנֶהֶרְסוּ consec. Ez 30:4; 38:20; Impf. יֵהָרֵס Je 31:40; 3 fs. תֵּהָרֵס Pr 11:11; יֵהָרֵס֑וּן ψ 11:3; Pt. הַנֶּהֱרָסוֹת Ez 36:35, 36;—be thrown or torn down; stones of wall Pr 24:31; wall of city Je 50:15; cities Ez 36:35 cf. v 36; fig. ruined Pr 11:11 (opp. תָּרוּם); foundations, יְסוֹדֹת Ez 30:4; שָׁתוֹת ψ 11:3; mountains Ez 38:20; storehouses מַמְּגֻרוֹת Jo 1:17 [v. מ׳]; valley E. of Jerus. לֹא־יִנָּתֵשׁ וְלֹא־יֵהָרֵס Je 31:40 it shall not be plucked up nor thrown down, appar. proverb. expression, implying destruction, removal.
Pi. Impf. 2 ms. sf. תְּהָֽרְסֵם Ex 23:24; Inf. abs. הָרֵס Ex 23:24; Pt. pl. sf. מְהָֽרְסַיִךְ Is 49:17;—over-throw, tear down הָרֵס תְּהָֽרְסֵם Ex 23:24 thou shalt utterly tear them down (JE; obj. = idols cf. Di); pt. destroyers, of Zion Is 49:17 (‖ מַחֲרִיבַיִךְ).

הרר

הרר (√ of foll.; meaning dubious).