Brown-Driver-Briggs Lexicon

אֲגָגִי — אוּד

אֲגָגִי

† אֲגָגִי adj.gent. of Haman (= Amalekite? so Jew. trad. & cf. Jos.^{Ant. xi, 6, 5} Est 3:1, 10; 8:3, 5; 9:24

אגד

אגד (bind, so Talm אָגַד, Aramaic אֲגַד. Aramaic א׳ (Talm, once, Levy) prob. Hebraism.)

† אֲגֻדָּה n.f. band (Mishn. אֲגוּדָּה cf. NHWB).
1. pl. cstr. אֲגֻדּוֹת מוֹטָה bands, thongs (fastening ox-bow) metaph. of fetters of slavery Is 58:6.
2. אֲגֻדַּת אֵזוֹב bunch of hyssop Ex 12:22.
3. א׳ abs. band of men (cf. חֶבֶל. Eng. band) 2 S 2:25.
4. אֲגֻדָּתוֹ vault of the heavens (as fitted together, constructed, cf. Ar. إِجَادٌ) Am 9:6.

אֱגוֹז

† אֱגוֹז n.[m.] nuts (coll. (NH id., אַמְגּוֹזָא, Ar. جَوْزٌ, Eth. ገውዝ Aramaic ܓܰܘܙ, אֱגוּזָא; cf. Pers. گوز, whence prob. אֱגוֹז as loan-word) Ct 6:11.

אָגוּר

אָגוּר n.pr.m. (perhaps hireling, Ar. أَجِيرٌ Aramaic אֲגִירָא, ܐܰܓܺܝܪܳܐ v. PS, As. agîru, cf. Hpt^{BAS i. 124}; others gatherer, fr. i. אגר) son of יָקֶה, an author of proverbs Pr 30:1.

אֲגוֹרָה

† [אֲגוֹרָה] n.f. payment, אֲגוֹרַת כֶּסֶף 1 S 2:36.

אגל

אגל (Hoffm^{Hiob. 86} comp. Ar. اجل restrict, Eth.እገሌ a certain one (name withheld), etc.)

אֵ֫גֶל

אֵ֫גֶל n.[m.] usually trans. drop, אֶגְלֵי־טָ֑ל dew-drops Jb 38:28 (‖ מָטָר) so Vrss De Di; Hoffm ‘Rückstände,’ ‘Ansammlungen,’ i.e. collections, stores, reserve-supply.

אֶגְלַ֫יִם

† אֶגְלַ֫יִם n.pr.loc. town in Moab Is 15:8; (meaning?);? cf. Αἰγαλειμ (Euseb.) 9 m. S. of Areopolis; v. Lag^{Onom.228, 98; ed. 2, p. 244}.

אגם

אגם (troubled, sad, As. agâmu Dl^W cf. Ar. أَجَمَ loathe; also أَجَمَةٌ marshy jungle); Arabic أَجِمَ also = spoil (of water); cf. أَجَمَةٌ (أَجَمٌ) = pool, reed-bed (also tangled thicket, etc.) Lane, and marsh Dozy^{i. 11}.) cf. עגם.

אֲגַם

† אֲגַם n.[m.] troubled pool (Aramaic id., ܐܶܓܡܳܐ, As. agammu Dl^W)—א׳ abs. Is 35:7; cstr. 41:18 + 2t.; אֲגַמִּים Ex 8:1 + 2t.; אַגְמֵי Is 14:23; אַגְמֵיהֶם Ex 7:19—
1. troubled or muddy (gloomy) pools or marshes, pl. א׳ מַיִם Is 14:23.
2. any pool, pond, sg. א׳ מַיִם Is 41:18 ψ 107:35; 114:8; pl. without מַיִם Ex 7:19; 8:1 (P) Is 42:15.
3. swamp-reed, rush (= אַגְמוֹן) Je 51:32.

אָגֵם

† [אָגֵם] adj. sad (cf. Mish.) אַגְמֵי־נֶפֶשׁ Is 19:10.

אַגְמֹן

† אַגְמֹן, אַגְמוֹן n.[m.] rush, bulrush.
1. used as cord or line Jb 40:26 (of twisted rushes, or spun of rush-fibre, cf. Di ad loc.); as fuel 41:12; sim. of bending head Is 58:5.
2. metaph. of the lowly, insignif. (‖ כִּפָּה) Is 9:13; 19:15.

אגן

אגן (prob. circular, round, cf. Ar. أُجْنَةٌ ball of cheek & v. Talm. אוֹגֶן curved rim of a vessel).

אַגָּן

† [אַגָּן] n.[m.] bowl, basin (Talm. אוֹגָן, Aramaic אַגָּנָא, ܐܰܓܳܢܳܐ; Ar. إِجَّاذَةٌ, vessel in which clothes are washed; As. (pl.) aganâtē Dl^W).
1. basins used in ritual אַגָּנֹת Ex 24:6 (E).
2. אַגַּן הַסַּהַר, sim. of curves of body Ct 7:3.
3. metaph. of family of Eliakim. כְּלֵי הָאַגָּנוֹת = basin-vessels Is 22:24 (= bowl-shaped vessels Che) opp. כְּלֵי הַנְּכָלִים; both ‖ כְּלֵי הַקָּטָן.

אגף

אגף (As. stem of agappu, wing, cf. Dl^W)

אֲגַף

† [אֲגַף] n.[m.] band, army (loan-word, orig. wing of army; As. agappu, Aramaic אגף, wing. Others, fr. גפף, Sta^{§ 256 b})—All Ez. & all pl. (or du.?) אֲגַפֶּיךָ Ez 38:9; 39:4; אֲגַפָּיו 12:14 + 3 textual; אֲגַפֶּיהָ 38:6 (all c. כָּל־ exc. 38:22)—bands, armies of king of Judah Ez 12:14; 17:21; hordes (RV) of Gog 38:9, 22; 39:4; specif. of גֹּמֶר 38:6; of תּוֹגַרְמָה ib.

אגר

II. אגר (pay, hire, Ar. أَجَرَ Aramaicאֲגַר, ܐܶܓܰܪ, As. agâru Dl^W, Palm. אגר Reck^{ZMG 1888, 396}).

אָגַר

† I. [אָגַר] vb. gather (food)—only
Qal —Pf. אָֽגְרָה, of ant Pr 6:8 (obj. מַאֲכָל; Impf. 2 ms. תֶּאֱגֹר of Isr. Dt 28:39 (obj. = grapes, not expr.); Pt. אֹגֵר בַּקַּיִץ subst. one who gathers (abs.) Pr. 10:5.

אֲגַרְטָל

אֲגַרְטָל v. גרטל.

אֲגַרְטָל²

† [אֲגַרְטָל] n.m. a kind of vessel, basin or basket (?; others basket-like, basket-shaped vessel); only pl. cstr. אֲגַרְטְלֵי זָהָב, & א׳ כֶסֶף, both Ezr 1:9, denoting vessels from temple at Jerus. restored by Cyrus. (Etym. & meaning dub. cf. supr.; A 𝔊L Codd. 𝔊 ψυκτῆρες, wine-coolers; B om.; now commonly compared with Aramaic קַרְטָלִיתָא Levy NHWB^{iv. 376}, ܩܰܪܛܳܠܴܐ, Arabic قِرْطَلَّةٌ, قِرْطَالَةٌ, supposed to be loan-word from Hellenist. Gk. κάρταλος, κάρταλλος (e.g. 𝔊 2 K 10:7, Heb. דּוּדִים), all = basket, fruit-basket, etc., canistrum (so MV BeRy SS); but κάρταλλος itself is possibly a Pers. or Shemit. loan-word; cf. especially Frä^{77 f.}; further conject. in Thes BeRy.)

אֶגְרֹף

אֶגְרֹף v. גרף.

אֶגְרֹף²

† אֶגְרֹף n.[m.] fist (𝔊 πνγμή, so 𝔙; but 𝔗 club, staff(?), & so SS, cf. especially Ex 21:18;—NH אֶגְרוֹף)—וִהִכָּה אִישׁ אֶת־רֵעֵהוּ בְּאֶבֶן אוֹ בְאֶגְרֹ֑ף Ex 21:18; (cstr.) לְהַכּוֹת בְּאֶגְרֹף רֶ֑שַׁע Is 58:4.

אִגֶּ֫רֶת

אִגֶּ֫רֶת n.f. letter, letter-missive (late, prob. loan-word, As. egirtu Dl^W)—abs. Ne 2:8 + 2 textual; cstr. Est 9:29; pl. אִגְּרוֹת abs. 2 Ch 30:1 + 3 textual; cstr. Ne 2:9; אִגְּרֹתֵיהֶם Ne 6:17—letter, especially royal letter 2 Ch 30:1, 6 Ne 2:7, 8, 9; but also others Ne 6:5, 17, 19 Es 9:26, 29 (‖ סֵפֶר vv 20, 30; other syn. מִכְתָּב, נִשְׁתְּוָן q.v.)

אֵד

אֵד, אוֹדוֹת, אֹדוֹת v. אוד.

אֵד²

† אֵד n.m. mist (deriv. dub.; Arabic آدَ = be strong; مُؤْيِدٌ that which affords protection, shade; otherwise Dl^{W 125}) Gn 2:6; אֵדוֹ Jb 36:27.* Arabic derivation very dub.; Dl^{W 125, cf. WB 22} KS 2:4 Hpt^{JAOS 1896, 158 ff.} Gunk Gn 2:6 Holz Gn 2:6 Buhl cp. Assyrian edu, flood, mass of waters (√ אדה), editu, overflow (for irrigation); 𝔊 𝔖 𝔙 Aq in Gn 2:6 have spring, 𝔗 cloud, so 𝔊 𝔗 Jb 36:27; add perhaps Jb 36:30 אֵדוֹ for אוֹרוֹ (Du Dr).

אָדַב

† [אָדַב] vb. grieve;
Hiph. inf. לַאֲדִיב (= לְהַאֲדִיב Ges^{§ 53.3.R 7}) to cause to grieve 1 S 2:33. (But Dr prop. לְהָדִיב from דוב q.v.)

אַדְבְּאֵל

† אַדְבְּאֵל n.pr.m. 3rd son of Ishmael (cf. Ar. أَدَبَ invite, discipline?) Gn 25:13 1 Ch 1:29 (As. Idibaʾil etc., name of north. Ar. tribe Dl^{Pa 301}; cf. Minæan אדבל DHM in MV).

אדד

אדד (? cf. Ar. أَدٌّ strength).

אֲדַד

אֲדַד n.pr.m. v. הדד.

אִדּוֹ

† אִדּוֹ n.pr.m. a chief Israelite Ezr 8:17^(×2).

אֱדוֹם

אֱדוֹם (†אֱדֹם Ez 25:14) n.pr.m.
1. Edom (name of a god? v. Sta^{G.1, 121} RS^{Sem 43}; vid. n.pr. עבדאדם; but Bae^{Rel 10} thinks dial. var. of אָדָם, בני אדום = בְנֵי אָדָם) = Esau, elderson of Isaac Gn 25:30 (J) (where etym. = red, cf. v 25 (E?) & sub אַדְמוֹנִי) 36:1, 8, 19 (P).
2. coll. (m. but f. Mal 1:4) Edomites, Idumeans as descend. of Esau Gn 36:9, 43 (P); also 1 S 14:47 + 31 textual + 2 S 8:13 (for MT ארם; 𝔊𝔖, v. 1 Ch 18:12 ψ 60:2, We Dr); perh. also v 12 (𝔊𝔖 1 Ch 18:11; MT ארם but v. We Dr); also 2 Ch 20:2 (v. Be); א׳ = king of Edom Nu 20:18, 20, 21; poet. בְּנֵי א׳ ψ 137:7 בַּת א׳ La 4:21, 22. v. now F Buhl^{Gesch. Edomiter (1893)}.
3. land of Edom, Idumaea (f. Ez 32:29; 35:15 and 36:5) S. & SE. of Pal. Gn 36:32, 43 + 32 textual (incl. שְׂדֵה א׳ Gn 32:4; אֶרֶץ א׳ Gn 36:16, 17, 21, 31 Nu 20:23 21:4 33:37 +);—uncertain whether 2 or 3 are Ex 15:15 Nu 20:14; 24:18 + 9 textual (chiefly in מֶלֶךְ א׳ etc.)

אַדּוֹן

† אַדּוֹן id. Ne 7:61.

אָדוֹן

אָדוֹן n.m. ^{Mal 3:1} lord (Ph. אדן)—א׳ ψ 12:5 + cstr. אֲדוֹן Jos 3:11 +; pl. אֲדֹנִים Is 26:13 +; cstr. אֲדֹנֵי Dt 10:17 +; sf. אֲדֹנֵינוּ 1 S 25:14 + etc.; (אֲדֹנִי, אֲדֹנַי, אֲדֹנָי are variations of Mass. pointing to distinguish divine reference fr. human. Pl., with few except an intens. pl. of rank; word takes sf. as pl. in all other pers.; so doubtless here. Orig. reading prob. in all cases אֲדֹנַי (v. Dalman^{Der Gottesname Adonaj}; Lag^{BN 188} makes אֲדֹנָי an Aramaic format.); אֲדֹנִי now found in J 51 textual; in E †Gn 31:35; 32:19; 42:10 Ex 21:5; in P †Gn 23:6, 11, 15 Nu 36:2^(×2) often S & K in Chr only in sources, 1 Ch 21:3^(×3), 23 (= 2 S 24:3, 22) 2 Ch 2:13, 14; Is & Je only in hist. parts Is 36:8, 9, 12 Je 37:20; 38:9; elsewhere †Dn 1:10; 10:16, 17, 19; 12:8 Zc 1:9; 4:4, 5, 13; 6:4 ψ 110:1 Ju 4:18; 6:13 Ru 2:13; בִּי אֲדנָי †Ex 4:10, 13; Jos 7:8 (J) Ju 6:15; 13:8 is referred to God, but בִּי אֲדנִי †Gn 43:20; 44:18 Nu 12:11 (J) 1 S 1:26; 25:24 (+ אני) 1 K 3:17, 26 to human superiors. There is doubt as to אֲדֹנָ֯י Gn 18:3; 19:18; אֲדֹ֯נַי 19:2)—
†1. sg. lord, master (1) ref. to men: (a) supt. of household, or of affairs Gn 45:8, 9 (E) = ψ 105:21; (b) master ψ 12:5; (c) king Je 22:18; 34:5; (2) ref. to God, הָאָדוֹן יהוה the Lord Yahweh (v. יהוה) Ex 23:17; 34:23 (Cov’t codes); אֲדוֹן כָּל־הָאָרֶץ Lord of the whole earth Jos 3:11, 13 (J) ψ 97:5 Zc 4:14; 6:5 Mi 4:13; צְבָאוֹת הָא׳ י׳, earlier Is 1:24; 3:1; 10:33; 19:4 (אֲדֹנָי Is 10:16 in common MT; not Massora, doubtless scrib. error); הָא׳ Mal 3:1; אָדוֹן ψ 114:7.
2. pl. lords, kings Dt 10:17 = ψ 136:3; Is 26:13 masters Am 4:1, elsewhere intens. pl. of rank, lord, master, (1) ref. to men: (a) proprietor of hill Samaria †1 K 16:24; (b) master Gn 40:7 (E) Ex 21:4^(×2), 6, 8, 32 (Cov’t code) Gn 24:9 + (J, 11 times) Dt 23:16 Ju 19:11, 12 + 13 times S & K; Jb 3:19 ψ 123:2 Pr 25:13; 27:18; 30:10 Is 24:2 Zp 1:9 Mal 1:6^(×2) (c) husband Ju 19:26, 27 ψ 45:12; (d) prophet 2 K 2:3, 5, 16; (e) governor Ne 3:5; (f) prince Gn 42:10, 30, 33 (E) 44:8 (J) 1 S 29:10; (g) king Gn 40:1 (E) Ju 3:25 + 40 times S & K; Ch only in sources 1 Ch 12:19 cf. 1 S 29:4; 2 Ch 13:6; 18:16 = 1 K 22:17; Is 19:4; 22:18; 36:12; 37:4, 6 Je 27:4; (2) ref. to God Mal 1:6; אֲדֹנֵי הָאֲדֹנִים Lord of lords Dt 10:17 = ψ 136:3; אֲדֹנֵינוּ ψ 135:5; 147:5 Ne 8:10; י׳אֲדֹנֵינוּ ψ 8:2, 10 Ne 10:30; אֲדֹנַיִךְ י׳ Is 51:22 (prob. = thy husband, Yahweh); אֲדֹנָיו Ho 12:15 (possibly error for אֲדֹנָי).
3. sf. 1 s. אֲדֹנִי (אֲדֹנַי) (1) ref. to men: my lord, my master, (a) master Ex 21:5 (Cov’t code) Gn 24:12 +, 44:5 (J, 20 times) 1 S 30:13, 15 2 K 5:3, 20, 22; 6:15; (b) husband Gn 18:12 (J); (c) prophet 1 K 18:7, 13 2 K 2:19, 4:16, 28; 6:5; 8:5; (d) prince Gn 42:10 (E), 23:6, 11, 15 (P), 43:20; 44:18 +, 47:18, + (J, 12 times); Ju 4:18; (e) king 1 S 22:12 + (S & K 75 times); (f) father Gn 31:35 (E); (g) Moses Ex 32:22 Nu 11:28; 12:11; 32:25, 27 (J); 36:2^(×2) (P); (h) priest 1 S 1:15, 26^(×2); (i) theophanic angel Jos 5:14 Ju 6:13; (j) captain 2 S 11:11; (k) general recognition of superiority Gn 24:18; 32:5 +; 33:8 +; 44:7 + (J, 13 times), Ru 2:13 1 S 25:24 + (15 times); (2) ref. to God: אֲדֹנָי a. my Lord Gn 20:4 (?E) Ex 15:17 (Sam. יהוה) elsewhere in Hex, J; Gn 18:3(?), 27, 30, 31, 32; 19:2, 18(?) Ex 4:10, 13; 5:22; 34:9 Nu 14:17 Jos 7:8; also Ju 6:15; 13:8; not S; 1 K 22:6 2 K 19:23; noChron exc. memorials Ezr 10:3 (ref. to Ezra) Ne 1:11; 4:8; WisdLt only Jb 28:28 (doubtless scrib. error for יהוֹה of many MSS.); not Ho; Is 37:24; 38:16 (hist. part); exile Is 49:14 (cf. 51:22); Mi 1:2 ψ 16:2 + (47 times, chiefly this sense, exc. sub b.; cf. אֱלֹהַי וַאדֹנָי my Lord and my God ψ 35:23; (writers that use אֱלהִים seld. use אֲדֹנָי); b. Adonay n.pr. of God, parallel with Yahweh, substit. for it oft. by scrib. error, & eventually supplanting it. In earlier Is 3:17 + (19 times seeming to belong here), Am 7:7, 8; 9:1 Ez 18:25, 29; 33:17, 20; 21:12 (prob. אֲדֹנָי י׳ as in usual phrase); Zc 9:4 Mal 1:12, 14 La 1:14 + (14 times) ψ 2:4; 37:13; 78:65; 90:17 (? יהוה) 110:5 (Dalman puts most of these sub (a);—many cases are doubtful); 1 K 3:10, 15 (Mass. אדני for יהוה cf. Dalm. 2 K 7:6; Dalm. rightly questions; he reads יהוה). The phrases אֲדֹנָי אֱלֹהַי ψ 38:16; 86:12, Adonay my God; אֲדֹנָי הָאֱלֹהִים Dn 9:3, א׳ אֱלֹהֵינוּ 9:9, 15, א׳ הָאֵל Dn 9:4 favour taking א׳ Dn 1:2; 9:7, 8 (יהוה?) v 16, 17, 19^(×3) as the divine name.
4. אֲדֹנָי יהוה (a) my Lord Yahweh (v. יהוה) Gn 15:2, 8 (JE) Jos 7:7 (J, 𝔊 om. י׳) Dt 3:24; 9:26 Ju 6:22; 16:28 2 S 7 (6times) 1 K 2:26; 8:53; prob. Am 3:7, 8; 7:2, 4, 5; 9:8 Je 1:6; 4:10; 14:13; 32:17, 25 Ez 4:14; 8:1; 9:8; 11:13; 20:39; 37:3 (יָדַע כִּי אֲני א׳ י׳) 13:9; 23:49; 24:24; 28:24; 29:16 inappropriate in mouth of God; del. אֲדֹנָי (Co) or read י׳ אֱלֹהֵיכֶם (Dalm.); Mi 1:2 Zp 1:7 Ob 1 Zc 9:14 ψ 71:5, 16; 73:28; (b) appar. n.pr. Adonay Yahweh Is 25:8 Je 44:26; exil. Is 40:10 + (10 times, but 61:1, 11 read יהוה, 𝔊); (c) uncertain whether (a) or (b) in proph. formula אָמַר א׳ י׳ Is 7:7; 28:16; 30:15; 49:22; 52:4; 65:13 Je 7:20 Am 1:8; 3:11; 5:3; 7:6 Ob 1 Ez (131 times); נְאֻם א׳ י׳ Is 56:8 Je 2:22 Am 3:13; 4:5; 8:3, 9, 11 Ez (80 times); דְּבַר־א׳ י׳ Ez 6:3; 25:3; 36:4; נִשְׁבַּע א׳ י׳ Am 4:2; 6:8; כֹּה הִרְאַנִי א׳ י׳ Am 7:1, 4; 8:1.
5. יהוה אֲדֹנָי Yahweh my Lord ψ 68:21; 109:21; 140:8; 141:8 Hb 3:19.
6. אֲדֹנָי יהוה צְבָאוֹת (a) my Lord Yahweh Ṣ. (v. צבאות) ψ 69:7 Am 9:5 Is 10:23; 22:5, 12; 28:22 cf. י׳ אֱלֹהֵי הַצְבָאוֹת א׳, Yahweh, the God of Hosts my Lord Am 5:16; (b) a divine name, Adonay, Yahweh Ṣ. Je 46:10^(×2); 50:25; (c) uncertain are כֹּה אָמַר א׳ י׳ צ׳ Is 10:24; 22:14, 15; נְאֻם א׳ י׳ צ׳ Is 3:15 Je 2:19; 49:5; 50:31.

אֲדוֹרַ֫יִם

† אֲדוֹרַ֫יִם n.pr.loc. (two hills?) city in Judah 2 Ch 11:9 (cf. Ἀδωρα, Δωρα, Jos^{Ant. viii, 10, 1, xiv, 5, 3}); now Dûra, W. of Hebron, Rob^{BR II, 215}.

אַדִּיר

† אַדִּיר adj. majestic—א׳ ψ 8:2 +; f. אַדֶּ֫רֶת Ez 17:8? (v. infr.) etc.—
1. majestic (wide, lofty) of waters of sea Ex 15:10 ψ 93:4; a ship Is 33:21; a tree Ez 17:23; a vine Ez 17:8 (גֶּפֶן אַדֶּרֶת, so Fü; or א׳ n. abstr. v. sub אַדֶּרֶת infr.); also fig. of kings ψ 136:18; nations Ez 32:18; gods 1 S 4:8; of י׳ ψ 93:4; 76:5; of name of י׳ ψ 8:2, 10.
2. subst. majestic one, of nobles, chieftains, etc., Ju 5:13, 25 Na 2:6, 3:18 Je 14:3; 25:34 (אַדִּירֵי הַצֹּאן fig. so) 35, 36; 30:21 Zc 11:2 2 Ch 23:20 Ne 3:5; 10:30; of י׳ Is 10:34; 33:21; of servants of י׳ ψ 16:3 (= priests? cf. 1 Ch 24:5 & v. Che).

אֲדַלְיָא

אֲדַלְיָא n.pr.m. 5th son of Haman Est 9:8 (Pers.?).

אדם

I. אדם (cf. As. [adâmu] make, produce (?) Dl^{W & Pr 104}).

אֱדֹם

† אֱדֹם n.[m.] name of a condiment (Ar. إِدَامٌ v. Anderson in Di; cf. As. adumatu? Dl^W) הָאֱ׳ Gn 25:30^(×2) (J; so rd. for הָאָ׳ MT; v. Di).

אָדָם

אָדָם₅₆₀ n.m. Gn 1:27 man, mankind (Ph. אדם, Sab. id., CIS^{iv. 1, 1. 4} al.; cf. As. admu, young (of bird) Dl^W, but Nö^{ZMG 1886, 722} identif. with Ar. أَذَامٌ coll. creatures)—Sg. abs. exc. cstr. Pr 6:12 cf. Thes; (בְּנֵי (הָ)א׳ oft. = pl. of א׳ Gn 11:5 + 39 textual, cf. בְּנוֹת הָא׳ Gn 6:2, 4)—
1. a man (= Ger. Mensch) = human being Gn 2:5, 7^(×2), 8, 15, 16, 18 +, 16:12 (27 textual J) Lv 5:4 (‖ נֶפֶשׁ) 13:2, 9 (19 textual P) Ne 2:10 Is 13:12 (‖ אֱנוֹשׁ); הָאָ׳ הַגָּדוֹל Jos 14:15 (E); אָ׳ בְּלִיַּעַל Pr 6:12 (‖ אִישׁ אָוֶן cf. 1 S 25:25 & v. בליעל); = any one Lv 1:2 Nu 9:6, 7 Jb 20:29; 27:13 Pr 15:20; 21:16, 20; 24:30 Ec 7:20 + oft. WisdLt, Je 2:6; 4:25 Ne 2:12, cf. נֶפֶשׁ א׳ Nu 19:11, 13 +; seld. man opp. woman Gn 2:22^(×2), 23, 25; 3:8, 12, 17, 20, 21 Ec 7:28.
2. coll. man, mankind Gn 1:26; 9:5, 6^(×3) + (P 28 textual) 6:1, 5, 6, 7 (JE 24 textual) Dt 4:32 (D 6 textual) (on 2 S 7:19 cf. 1 Ch 17:17 v. Dr^Sm); distinctly = men + women Gn 1:27; 5:1 Nu 5:6; given as name Gn 5:2; but = warriors Is 22:6 רֶכֶב א׳ (‖ פּרשׁים); ‖ beasts (41 textual) בְּהֵמָה Gn 6:7; 7:23 (J?) Ex 8:13, 14; 9:9, 10 (P) 9:19, 22, 25; 12:12; 13:2, 13, 15 (all J) +; late proph. Je 21:6; 31:27; 50:3; 51:62 Ez 14:13, 17, 19, 21; 25:13; 29:8, 11; 32:13 (del. Co) 36:11 Jon 3:8 Zp 1:3 Hg 1:11 Zc 2:8; 8:10; ‖ בָּקָר Ez 4:15; ‖ צֹאן, חֲמֹרִים, ב׳ Nu 31:28; ‖ id. + מִכָּל־הַבְּהֵמָה v 30 cf. Jon 3:7; ‖ חַיָּה Gn 9:5 (P) cf. Ez 1:5, 8, 10, 26, & descript. of כְּרוּבִים Ez 10:8, 14, 21 cf. 41:19; ‖ trees Dt 20:19 (rd. הֶאָדָם v. Di); opp. God 1 S 15:29; 16:7^(×2) Is 31:3 Ez 28:2, 9 1 Ch 21:13; 29:1 2 Ch 6:18 Mal 3:8 cf. Ex 33:20 Dt 5:21; so בֶּן־א׳ Nu 23:19 (‖ אישׁ Ez 2:1, 3, 6, 8 (87 textual Ez, alw. addressed to proph.); בְּנֵי הָא׳ 1 S 26:19; made in God’s image Gn 1:26, 27; 9:6 cf. Ec 7:29; as feeble, earthly, mortal Nu 16:29^(×2) Ps 82:7; 144:3, 4 Jb 5:7; 14:1, 10 cf. 25:6 (בֶּן־א׳) Ec 12:5; as sinful 1 K 8:46 2 Ch 6:36 Je 10:14 cf. Nu 5:6 Jb 31:33 Ho 6:7; of men in general, other men (opp. to particular ones) Ju 16:17 (cf. אַחַד הָא׳ v 7, 11) 18:7, 28 ψ 73:5 Je 32:20 +; ‖ אִישׁ Is 2:9, 11, 17; 5:15 cf. Ez 23:42 (del. Co Vrss); בְּנֵי א׳ 2 S 7:14 (‖ אֲנָשִׁים) Pr 8:4 (‖ אִישִׁים); ψ 49:3; 62:10 (both ‖ בְּנֵי אִישׁ) = men of low opp. men of high degree—so oft. Ph. and = vassal Sab. DHM^{ZMG 1875, 680 cf. 686}; נֶפֶשׁ א׳ coll. Nu 31:35, 40, 46 1 Ch 5:21 Ez 27:13.
†3. n.pr.m. Adam, first man (without art. cf. שָׂטָן 1 Ch 21:1 over ag. הַשּׂ׳ Jb 1:6 etc.) Gn 4:25 (J) 5:1, 3, 4, 5 (P) 1 Ch 1:1. (Gn 2:20; 3:17, 21 rd. לָא׳ v. Di)
†4. n.pr.loc. city in Jordan valley (as built? Jos 3:16.

אָדֹם

† [אָדֹם, אָדֵם] vb. be red (on format. cf. Lag^{BN 83 cf. 120})—
Qal Pf. 3 pl. אָֽדְמוּ ruddy, of Nazirites La 4:7;
Pu. Pt. reddened, dyed red, מְאָדָּם Na 2:4 (of shield), מְאָדָּמִים of rams’ skins Ex 25:5; 26:14; 35:7, 23; 36:19; 39:34 (all P).
Hithp. Impf. redden, grow or look red, יִתְאַדָּ֑ם Pr 23:31 of wine);
Hiph. Impf. emit (show) redness (cf. Lag^{BN 120}) יַאְדִּימוּ כַתּוֹלָע Is 1:18 (of sins) i.e. be glaring, flagrant (cf. also v 15).

אֹ֫דֶם

† אֹ֫דֶם n.[f.] carnelian (fr. redness; 𝔊 σάρδιον; on format. cf. Lag^{BN 144}) Ex 28:17; 39:10 (P) Ez 28:13.

אדם²

II. אדם (أَدُمَ, أَدِمَ, إِدَامٌ tawny, Ethi. አደመ (only in derivatives), As. adâmu? Dl^W; cf. Lag^{BN 28}).

אָדֹם²

† אָדֹם adj. red—א׳ Is 63:2 Zc 1:8 + Gn 25:30^(×2), v. infr.; אָדוֹם Ct 5:10; f. אֲדֻמָּה Nu 19:2, pl. אֲדֻמִּים 2 K 3:22 + 2 textual;—ruddy, red, of man Ct 5:10; horse Zc 1:8^(×2) (‖ שָׂרֹק cf. As.Dl^{W 87} 6:2 (‖ שָׁחֹר); heifer Nu 19:2; water 2 K 3:22 (א׳ כַּדָּם); cf. as subst. red, redness on garment Is 63:2; הָאָדֹם = the (red) lentils Gn 25:30^(×2), but rd. הָאֱדֹם v. infr.; cf. also מַעֲלֶה.

אֲדַמִדָּם

† אֲדַמִדָּם adj. reddish (cf. As.ada(m)mumu? Dl^W) of leprous sores Lv 13:42 (־דָּ֑ם) v 49 (־דָֹם); f. אֲדַמְדֶּמֶת v 24, 43; ־דָ֑מֶת v 19; f. pl. אֲדַמְדַּמֹּת 14:37.

אֲדָמָה

אֲדָמָה₂₂₄ n.f. ground, land (as tilled, Ger. bebaut? Dl^{Pr 105}, but Fleisch. (Merx^{Archiv I, 236 f}) comp. Ar. أَدَمَة skin, as smoothly covering & close-fitting; √דם cf. Ar. دَمَّ smear (spread over surface); cf. also Nö^{ZMG 1886, 737})—א׳ Gn 1:25 +; cstr. אַדְמַת Gn 47:20 +; sf. אַדְמָתִי Jb 31:38 + 2 textual etc.; pl. אֲדָמוֹת ψ 49:12—
1. ground (as tilled, yielding sustenance) Gn 2:5, 9; 3:17, 23; 4:2, 3, 12; 5:29; 8:21; 19:25; 47:23 Ex 34:26 (all J); Ex 23:19 (E) Dt 7:13; 11:17; 26:2, 10, 15; 28:4, 11, 18, 33, 42, 51; 30:9; 2 S 9:10 Is 1:7; 28:24; 30:23^(×2), 24 Je 7:20; 14:4; 25:33 Hg 1:11 Mal 3:11 ψ 83:11; 105:35 Pr 12:11 28:19 1 Ch 27:26 Ne 10:36, 38 cf. fig. Jb 5:6 (‖ עפר); personif. 31:38 Jo 1:10; also אִישׁ הָא׳ Gn 9:20 (J) tiller, husbandman; meton. אֹהֵב א׳ 2 Ch 26:10 i.e. lover of husbandry (or do these point to earlier meaning tillage? cf. Dl^{Pr 105}) אִישׁ עֹבֵד א׳ Zc 13:5.
†2. piece of ground, landed property Gn 47:18, 19^(×3), 20, 22^(×2), 23, 26 (all J) ψ 49:12 (pl.)
†3. earth as material substance; of wh. man is made Gn 2:7 (עָפָר מִן־הָא׳); so animals v 19 (מִן־הָא׳); altar Ex 20:24; earthen vessels חַרְשֵׂי א׳ Is 45:9, on head, sign of woe 1 S 4:12 2 S 1:2; 15:32; of contrition Ne 9:1 (cf. אֵפֶר, עָפָר); מַעֲבֵה הָא׳ 1 K 7:46 cf. 2 Ch 4:17 (firmness of earth, firm earth, clay-ground, for casting-moulds; or clay-moulds (Be)? or is this n.pr.? Klo proposes בַּמְּעָרָה הָאֲדֻמָּה in the red cave); mule-loads of 2 K 5:17; in it lie the dead מִיְּשֵׁנֵי אַדְמַת־עָפָר Dn 12:2 cf. Gn 3:19, 23 ψ 146:4.
4. ground as earth’s visible surface; רֶמֶס הָא׳ Gn 1:25; 6:20 (both P) Ho 2:20 cf. Gn 7:8; 9:2 (J?) Lv 20:25 (P) Dt 4:18 Ez 38:20; also Gn 4:10 (J) Is 24:21 Am 3:5 Zp 1:2, 3; as wet with dew 2 S 17:12; rain 1 K 17:14; 18:1; cf. personif. פָּֽצְתָה הָא׳ אֶת־פִּיהָ Nu 16:30 (P) (‖ ארץ v 32), vid. v 31 Gn 4:11; of partic. place, spot א׳ קֹדֶשׁ Ex 3:5 especially as abode of man Ex 10:6 Dt 4:10, 40; 12:1 1 S 20:31 2 S 14:7; oft.פְּנֵי הָא׳ Gn 2:6; 4:14; 6:1, 7; 7:4, 23; 8:8, 13 Ex 32:12; 33:16 Nu 12:3 Dt 6:15; 7:6 (all J, D) 1 S 20:15 + 9 textual
5. land, territory, country (= ארץ Gn 47:19 (J) Lv 20:24 (J?—‖ ארץ) cstr. bef. n.pr. א׳ מִצְרַיִם Gn 47:20, 26; א׳ יְהוּדָה Is 19:17; א׳ יִשְׂרָאֵל Ez 11:17 + 16 textual Ez; espe. of land as promised or given by י׳ to his people = Canaan Gn 28:15 Ex 20:12 Nu 11:12; 32:11 (all J?) Dt 5:16 + 16 textual Dt, Jos; 1 K 8:34, 40 +, Je 16:15; 24:10; 25:5; 35:15 Ez 28:25 2 Ch 6:25, 31; 7:20; 33:8; cf. also Dt 12:19; 21:23; 29:27 2 K 17:23 Is 6:11; 7:16; 14:1 +, Ez 34:13, 27 +, Ne 9:25 (א׳ שְׁמֵנָה),—in all c. 41 textual + Jo 2:21 (personif.); א׳ הַקֹּדֶשׁ Zc 2:16 (cf. sub 4 supr. hence also as Yahweh’s land Dt 32:43 Is 14:2 Zc 9:16 2 Ch 7:20.
†6. whole earth, inhabited earth (seld.; cf. also פְּנֵי הָא׳ sub 4 supr.) Gn 12:3; 28:14 (both J cf. אֶרֶץ 18:18; 22:18; 26:4) Dt 14:2 Am 3:2 Is 24:21.
†7. n.pr.loc. city in Naphtali (as built cf. אָדָם 4? = ed-Dâme?) W. of L. Gennes. Jos 19:36 v. Di.

אַדְמָה

† אַדְמָה n.pr.loc. city in Vale of Siddim Gn 10:19; 14:2, 8 Dt 29:22 Ho 11:8.

אַדְמוֹנִי

† אַדְמוֹנִי adj. red, ruddy, of Esau as newborn babe Gn 25:25 (whence name Edom acco. to E? cf. Di); of youth 1 S 16:12; 17:42 (אַדְמֹנִי).

אֲדֹמִי

† אֲדֹמִי adj.gent. Edomite Dt 23:8 1 S 21:8; 22:9, 18, 22 1 K 11:14 ψ 52:2; אֲדוֹמִים 2 Ch 25:14; 28:17; so 2 K 16:6 (Qr; Kt ארומים, v. ארם); אֲדֹמִיִּים 1 K 11:17; f. אֲדֹמִיּוֹת 1 K 11:1.

אֲדָמִי הַנֶּ֫קֶב

אֲדָמִי הַנֶּ֫קֶב n.pr.loc. pass in Naphtali, Jos 19:33 v. נקב.

אֲדֻמִּים

אֲדֻמִּים n.pr.loc. v. מַעֲלֶה sub עלה.

אַדְמָתָא

† אַדְמָתָא n.pr.m. a prince of Persia & Media Est 1:14 (cf. Pers. admâta, unrestrained).

אדן

אדן (m. disputed; (1) cf. As. [adannu] firm, strong; adv. adanniš, strongly, exceedingly Dl^W > (2) Fü. (a) make firm, fasten (cf. عدن) whence אֶדֶן; (b) determine, command, rule, whence אָדוֹן; (3) Thes Add., MV al. (a) intr. be under, low, inferior (cf. דּוּן, دان), whence אֶדֶן; (b) tr. put under command, rule over (cf. דִּין) whence אָדוֹן; v. also (4) Lag^{M i. 102}, אָדוֹן fr. ادى ).

אֶ֫דֶן

[אֶ֫דֶן₅₇] n.m. Ex 26:19 base, pedestal—אָדֶ֑ן Ex 38:27; pl. אֲדָנִים Ex 26:19 +; cstr. אַדְנֵי Ct 5:15 +, etc.
1. pedestals of fine gold, on wh. pillars of marble were set Ct 5:15.
2. pedestals of the earth on wh. its pillars were placed Jb 38:6 (‖ corner-stone).
3. (metal) pedestals, bases, or sockets in wh. tenons of planks & pillars of tabernacle were set up; two for each plank & one for each pillar Ex 26:19^(×3) + 52 textual in Ex 26.27.35—40 Nu 3.4 (all P); cf. 𝔊 Sm Co for אָרְכּוֹ Ez 41:22, of altar.

אַדָּן

† אַדָּן n.pr.loc. in Babylonia Ezr 2:59 (v. כְּרוּב n.pr.)

אֲדֹנִי־בֶ֫זֶק

† אֲדֹנִי־בֶ֫זֶק n.pr.m. (or title) king of Can. city Bezek Ju 1:7; without Maqq. v 5, 6.* read prob. א׳־צֶ֫דֶק, v. GFM Ju 1:5.

אֲדֹנִי־צֶ֫דֶק

† אֲדֹנִי־צֶ֫דֶק n.pr.m. Canaan. king of Jerusalem Jos 10:1, 3 (Lord of righteousness; my Lord is righteous, or my Lord is Ṣidiq—divine name—cf. מַלְכִּי צֶדֶק, אֲדֹנִיָּהוּ, Ph. אדנבעל etc.)

אֲדֹנִיָּ֫הוּ

אֲדֹנִיָּ֫הוּ (אֲדֹנִיָּה) n.pr.m. (my Lord is Yahweh, cf. Ph. אדנאשמן, אדנבעל, אדנשמש etc., in Assyrian Adunibaʾal Schr^{KB II, 172})
1. fourth son of David 1 K 1:8 + 11 times, 2:13 + 5 times (= אֲדֹנִיָּה 2 S 3:4 1 K 1:5, 7, 18; 2:28 1 Ch 3:2).
2. a Levite †2 Ch 17:8.
3. a chief of the people †Ne 10:17 (= אֲדֹנִיקָם 7:18 Ezr 2:13 cf. 8:13).

אֲדֹנִיקָם

† אֲדֹנִיקָם n.pr.m. (my Lord has arisen) head of a family Ezr 2:13; 8:13 Ne 7:18 (אֲדֹנִיָּהוּ Ne 10:17).

אֲדֹנִירָם

† אֲדֹנִירָם n.pr.m. (my Lord is exalted) official of Solom. 1 K 4:6; 5:28; so also 2 S 20:24 1 K 12:18 𝔊 We Dr^Sm.

אֲדָר

† אֲדָר n.pr.[m.] 12th (Babylonian) month = Mar.—Apr. (late Heb. loan-word, = Bab. A(d)-daru v. Dl^{W p. 188, cf. Al3 93}, meaning dub. perhaps adâru, be darkened, eclipsed, but v. Dl^{W p. 190}) Est 3:7, 13; 8:12; 9:1, 15, 17, 19, 21; cf. Palm. Nab. אדר Vog⁸ Eut^{Nab 24}.

אֶ֫דֶר

† אֶ֫דֶר n.[m.]
1. glory, magnificence (Assyrian aduru, adiru) ironic. of price of shepherd (symbol.) Zc 11:13
2. mantle, cloak (as wide) Mi 2:8 (‖ שַׂלְמָה), but read אדרת (ת lost bef. foll. ת), so WRS^{Proph 247}.

אַדָּר

† אַדָּר n.pr.m. (noble?).
1. son of Bela, grandson of Benjm. 1 Ch 8:3 (perhaps error—cf. Be—for אַרְדְּ q.v. Nu 26:40 Gn 46:21).
2. city in Judah Jos 15:3 (אַדָּ֫רָה); = חֲצַר אַדָּר (q.v.) Nu 34:4.

אָדַר

† [אָדַר] vb. (poet.) wide, great, (thence) high, noble (? Assyrian adâru Dl^W)—
Niph. Pt. majestic, glorious, of י׳, נֶאְדָּר Ex 15:11; cstr. נֶאְדָּרִי v 6 (v. Di);
Hiph. impf. יַאְדִּיר make glorious the teaching Is 42:21 (י׳ subj.)

אֲדַרְכּוֹן

אֲדַרְכּוֹן v. דרכמון.

אֲדֹרָם

† אֲדֹרָם (contr. or corrupt, cf. foregoing) same official, under David 2 S 20:24, & Rehob. 1 K 12:18 (= הֲדֹרָם 2 Ch 10:18).

אֲדֹרָם²

אֲדֹרָם v. אדנירם sub אדון.

אַדְרַמֶּ֫לֶךְ

† אַדְרַמֶּ֫לֶךְ n.pr.m. (Adar is prince, Assyrian Adar-malik (?) v. KAT^{2 284}, cf. ABK¹⁴⁰; or A. is Counsellor, Decider, cf. Dl^{K 52 f}; otherwise Sayce^{Rel.Bab. 7}; on Bab. god Adar v. Schr^{KSGW 1880, 19 f} Dl^{K 52 f}, but Sayce^{Rel.Bab. 151 f}; Jen;^{Ko 457 f} al. read Assyrian name Ninib; on Carth. יתנאדר v. Bae^{Rel. 54})
1. a god of Sepharvaim 2 K 17:31.
2. parricidal son of Sennacherib 2 K 19:37 Is 37:38.

אֶדְרֶ֑עִי

אֶדְרֶ֑עִי v. דרע.

אֶדְרֶ֫עִי

† אֶדְרֶ֫עִי n.pr.loc. a chief city of Bashan אֶדְרֶ֖עִי Jos 19:37; אֶדְרֶ֑עִי Nu 21:33 = Dt 3:1, Dt 3:10; בְּעַשְׁתָּרֹת בְּאֶדְרֶ֑עִי Dt 1:4; בְּעַשְׁתָּרֹת וּבְאֶדְרֶ֑עִי Jos 12:4; 13:12 cf. 13:31;—on identity of all these cf. Di Dt 3:10; modern Derʿât, 7 1/2 hours WNW. of Bosra; Euseb. Ἀδραά (Lag^{Onom. 213, 86, 2nd ed. 235}) cf. Di Nu 21:33 Wetzst^{Hauran 47, 77, 123} Bd^{Pal 201}.

אַדֶּ֫רֶת

† אַדֶּ֫רֶת n.f. glory, cloak—א׳ abs. Jos 7:24; אַדָּ֑רֶת Ez 17:8; cstr. Gn 25:25 + 4times; אַדַּרְתּוֹ 1 K 19:13 + 3 times; אַדַּרתָּם Zc 11:3—
1. glory, magnificence, of vine Ez 17:8 (so Thes MV, but < adj. f. from אַדִּיר q.v.), of shepherds Zc 11:3 (or sub 2).
2. mantle, cloak (wide garment) of hair שֵׂעָר Gn 25:25 Zc 13:4 (as proph. mantle, so perhaps 11:3 of shepherds = false proph.) cf. of Elijah 1 K 19:13, 19 2 K 2:8, 13, 14; but אַדֶּרֶת שִׁנְעָר טוֹבָה (fine mantle of Shinar = Babylonian mantle—doubtless costly) Jos 7:21, 24 (J) & (late) א׳ alone Jon 3:6.

אדשׁ

אדשׁ only inf. abs. אָדוֹשׁ v. דושׁ.

אַ֫הַב

† [אַ֫הַב] n.[m.] love only pl. אֲהָבִים, loves, amours; bad sense Ho 8:9, but אַיֶּלֶת א׳ loving hind Pr 5:19 (fig. of wife ‖ יַעֲלַת הֵן).

אָהֵב

אָהֵב₂₁₆ vb. love—
Qal Pf. אָהֵ֑ב Gn 27:9 + 7times; אָהֵ֥ב Gn 27:14; אָהַב Gn 37:3 + 3 times; אֲהֵֽבְךָ Dt 15:16; 3 fs. אָֽהֲבָה Ct 1:7 +, etc.; impf. יֶאֱהַב (־הָ֑ב) Pr 3:12 +; 1 s. אֵהָ֑ב Pr 8:17 (cf. Ew§ 192 d Ges^{§ 68.1}); וָֽאֹהַ֖ב Mal 1:2; וָאֹהֲבֵהוּ Ho 11:1; אֹהֲבֵם Ho 14:5; וָאֹהֲבֵם ψ 119:167; 2 mpl. תְּאֵהֲבוּ Pr 1:22 (cf. Kö^{I p. 394} Ges^{§ 63 R. 2}); תֶּאֱהָ֑בוּ Zc 8:17; תֶּאֱהָבוּן ψ 4:3; Imv. אֱהַב־ Ho 3:1; אֱהָבֶהָ Pr 4:6; אֶהֱבוּ ψ 31:24 Am 5:15; אֱהָ֑בוּ Zc 8:19; inf. cstr. אֱהֹב Ec 3:8; אַהֲבָה Dt 10:12 +; אֲהֲבַת Mi 6:8 + etc.; cf. also sub n. אהבה infr.; Pt. אֹהֵב (אוֹהֵב) Dt 10:18 + 26 times; f. cstr. אֲהֻבַת Ho 3:1 is prob. active cf. Ba^{NB 174 ff}; sf. אֹהֲבִי Is 41:8 etc.; f. אֹהֶ֫בֶת Gn 25:28; אֹהַ֫בְתִּי Ho 10:11 etc.; Pt. pass. אָהוּב Ne 13:26; אֲהוּבָה Dt 21:15^(×2), 16.—love (mostly c. acc., sq. לִ + obj. Lv 19:18, 34 2 Ch 19:2 (late), sq. בְּ Ec 5:9; abs. Ec 3:8 & v. infr.), (affection both pure & impure, divine & human);— 1. human love to human object; abs., opp. hate שָׂנֵא Ec 3:8; of love to son Gn 22:2; 25:28; 37:3, 4; 44:20 (JE) Pr 13:24; so also 2 S 13:21 𝔊 Ew Th We, cf. Dr, of Dvd’s loving Amnon; never to parent, but mother-in-law Ru 4:15; of man’s love to woman; wife Gn 24:67; 29:20, 30 (cf. v 18) 32 (JE), also Dt 21:15^(×2), 16 Ju 14:16 1 S 1:5 2 Ch 11:21 Est 2:17 Ho 3:1 Ec 9:9; but also Gn 34:3 (J) Ju 16:4, 15 2 S 13:1, 4, 15 (where of carnal desire) 1 K 11:1 cf. v 2 Ho 3:1; א׳ רֵעַ loving a paramour, v. Ba^{NB 176}; woman’s love to man 1 S 18:20 (so v 28 MT, but read וְכִי כָל־יִשְׂרָאֵל אֹהֵב אֹתוֹ 𝔊 We Dr) Ct 1:3, 4, 7; 3:1, 2, 3, 4 (5 times subj. נַפְשִׁי; cf. also fig. of adulterous Judah Je 2:25 Is 57:8 Ez 16:37; of love of slave to master Ex 21:5 (JE) Dt 15:16; inferior to superior 1 S 18:22 cf. v 16; love to neighbour Lv 19:18 (וְאָהַבְתָּ לְרֵעְךָ כָּמוֹ֑ךָ), partic. to stranger Lv 19:34 (both P), Dt 10:18, 19; love of friend to friend 1 S 16:21; 18:1, 3; 20:17^(×2) Jb 19:19 Pr 17:17 cf. 2 S 19:7^(×2) 2 Ch 19:2; v. also Pr 9:8; 16:13 cf. 15:12; v. especially Pt. infr. 2. less often of appetite, obj. food, Gn 27:4, 9, 14 (JE) Ho 3:1; drink Pr 21:17; husbandry 2 Ch 26:10; cf. fig. of Ephraim Ho 10:11 sq. inf.; length of life ψ 34:13; of cupidity Ho 9:1 Is 1:23 Ec 5:9^(×2); of love of sleep Pr 20:13 cf. fig. of sluggish watchmen (sq. inf.)Is 56:10; also c. obj. abstr. wisdom (personif.), knowledge, righteousness, etc. Pr 4:6; 8:17, 21; 12:1; 22:11; 29:3 Am 5:15 Mi 6:8 (inf. ‖ infinitives) Zc 8:19 cf. Pr. 19:8 קֹנֶה לֵב אֹהֵב נַפְשׁוֹ; obj. folly, evil, etc., Mi 3:2 ψ 4:3; 11:5; 52:5, 6; 109:17 Pr 1:22; 8:36 17:19^(×2), cf. 18:21 Zc 8:17, w. כֵּן Je 5:3 Am 4:5†, sq. inf. Ho 12:8 Je 14:10, especially of idolatry Ho 4:18 (where del. הֵבוּ cf. Kö^{I, p. 395}) Je 8:2. 3. love to God Ex 20:6 (JE) elsewhere Hex only Dt 5:10; 6:5; 7:9 + 9 times Dt + Jos 22:5; 23:11; also Ju 5:31 1 K 3:3 Ne 1:5 Dn 9:4 especially in (late) ψ 31:24; 97:10; 116:1; 145:20, but usually sq. name, law, etc. of י׳ ψ 5:12; 26:8; 40:17; 69:37; 70:5; 119:47 + 11 times ψ 119; cf. Is 56:6; cf. also of love to Jerusalem Is 66:10 ψ 122:6. 4. especially Pt. אֹהֵב = (a) lover, La 1:2 (fig. of Jerus.); (b) friend Hiram of David 1 K 5:15, cf. Je 20:4, 6 Est 5:10, 14; 6:13 ψ 38:12 (‖ רֵעַ) so 88:19, & Pr 14:20; also 18:24; 27:6 Abr. of God Is 41:8 2 Ch 20:7. 5. of divine love (a) to individual men Dt 4:37 2 S 12:24 Pr 3:12; 15:9 ψ 146:8 Ne 13:26; (b) to people Israel, etc. Dt 7:8, 13; 23:6 Ho 3:1; 9:15 11:1; 14:5 1 K 10:9 2 Ch 2:10; 9:8 Is 43:4; 48:14 Je 31:3 Mal 1:2^(×3) ψ 47:5; to Jerusalem ψ 78:68; 87:2; (c) to righteousness, etc. ψ 11:7; 33:5; 37:28; 45:8; 99:4 Is 61:8 Mal 2:11.
†Niph. Pt. pl. הַנֶּאֱהָבִים 2 S 1:23 lovely, loveable of Saul & Jonath. (‖ הַנְּעִימִם).
†Pi. Pt. pl. sf. מְאַהֲבַי (־בָ֑י) Ho 2:7 + 3 times; מְאַהֲבַיִךְ (־בָ֑יִךְ) Je 22:20 + 6 times; מְאַהֲבֶיהָ Ho 2:9 + 4 times 1. friends Zc 13:6; 2. lovers in fig. of adulter. Isr. Ho 2:7, 9, 12, 14, 15 Ez 23:5, 9; Judah Je 22:20, 22; 30:14 La 1:19 Ez 16:33, 36, 37; 23:22.

אֹ֫הַב

† [אֹ֫הַב] n.[m.] id. = loved object, sf. אָהֳבָם Ho 9:10 (= בֹּשֶׁת = בַּעַל v. Hi Now) i.e. the idol worshipped; pl. = amours (carnal sense) Pr 7:18.

אַהֲבָה

† אַהֲבָה n.f. love (= Inf. of אהב q.v.)—abs. א׳ Pr 10:12 + 18 times; cstr. אַהֲבַת Je 2:2 + 3 times; sf. אַהֲבָתִי ψ 109:4, 5; אַהֲבָֽתְךָ 2 S 1:26; אַהֲבָתוֹ Is 63:9 Zp 3:17; אַהֲבָתָהּ Pr 5:19; אַהֲבָתָם Ec 9:6—love, especially WisdLt & late.
1. human (to human obj.) abs. Ec 9:1, 6 (both ‖ שִׂנְאָה) so Pr 10:12; 15:17 cf. 27:5; v. also 17:9; of man toward man ψ 109:4, 5; love for one’s self (נַפְשׁוֹ) 1 S 20:17; between man & woman Ct 2:4, 5; 5:8; 8:6, 7^(×2); Pr 5:19 cf. also 2 S 1:26 (א׳ נָשִׁים); personif. Ct 2:7; 3:5; 7:7; 8:4; cf. fig. use 3:10; of mere sexual desire 2 S 13:15; fig. of Jerusalem’s love to י׳ Je 2:2 (א׳ כַּלוּלֹתַיִךְ), & of love of adulter. Jerus. v 33.
2. God’s love to his people Ho 11:4 (עֲבֹתוֹת א׳) Je 31:3 Is 63:9 Zp 3:17.

אהד

אהד (= אחד? v. Thes.)

אֹ֫הַד

† אֹ֫הַד n.pr.m. son of Simeon Gn 46:10 Ex 6:15.

אֲהָהּ

† אֲהָהּ (آهْ, አህ ) interj. alas! Ju 11:35 2 K 3:10; 6:5, 15; with ל Jo 1:15 אֲהָהּ לַיוֹם alas for the day! for etc. In the combination אֲהָהּ אֲדֹנָי יֱהוִֹה Jos 7:7 Ju 6:22 Je 1:6; 4:10; 14:13; 32:17; Ez 4:14; 9:8; 11:13; 21:5.

אַהֲוָא

† אַהֲוָא n.pr.loc. town or district in Babylonia, by which a stream is designated Ezr 8:15, also the stream v 21 (הנהר א׳), v 31 (נְהַר א׳).

אֵהוּד

† אֵהוּד n.pr.m.
1. a Benjamite, son of Gera, deliverer of Isr. from Moab Ju 3:15, 16, 20^(×2), 21, 23, 26; 4:1.
2. a Benjamite, son of Bilhan (= foregoing?) 1 Ch 7:10.

אֱהִי

† אֱהִי Ho. 13:10, 14^(×2) adv. where? = אֵי, אַיֵּה. So 𝔊 𝔖 𝔙 𝔗 AW in Ho 13:10, & 𝔊 𝔖 (cf. 1 Cor 15:55) AW in Ho 13:14. Taken by many of the older interpreters, and even by Ges in 13:14, as 1 s. impf. apoc. of היה I would be: but this is less suited to the context, and the jussive form is an objection, being unusual with the 1 ps.

אהל

I. אהל (settle down (?), Arabic أَهَلَ be inhabited, cf. Assyrian âlu, settlement, city, maʾâlu, maʾâltu, bed; Dl^W & ^{Pr 105} Nö^{ZMG xi (1886), 154, 720} doubts אֹהֶל = أَهْلٌ = âlu; but أَهْل = dwelling actually in vulg.Ar. ac. to So^Buhl).

אָהַל

† [אָהַל] vb.denom. tent, move tent from place to place (cf. Assyrian âʾilu(?) Dl^{WNo. 4 & AGl}) וַיֶּאֱהַל Gn 13:12, 18 (J), cf. ישֵׁב אֹהֶל (v. אֹהֶל);
Pi. Impf. יַהֵל (contr. for יְאַהֵל) pitch one’s tent like nomad Is 13:20.

אֹ֫הֶל

אֹ֫הֶל₃₄₃ n.m. Gn 13:3 tent (cf. Assyrian âlu, supr., Arabic أَهْلٌ, fellow-dwellers, family, Sab. אהל DHM^{ZMG 1883, 341} al., also in n.pr. Sab. & Ph. v. אהליאב)—abs. א׳ Gn 4:20 +; cstr. id. Ex 28:43 +; אֹ֫הֱלָה (ה loc.) Gn 18:6 +; sf. אָהֳלִי Jb 29:4 +; אָֽהָלְךָ ψ 61:5; אָֽהֳלֹה Gn 9:21 + 3 times (v. Dr^{Sm xxxv}); pl. אֹהָלִים Gn 13:5 + (Ges^{§ 23.3}); בָֽאֳהָלִים Ju 8:11 +; cstr. אָהֳלֵי Nu 16:26 +; sf. אֹהָלַי Je 4:20; אֹהָלֶיךָ Nu 24:5 +; אָהֳלֵיכֶם Jos 22:8 +, etc.—
1. tent of nomad Ct 1:5 Je 6:3; 49:29; ישֵׁב א׳ dweller in tents Gn 4:20; 25:27 (J); אָהֳלֵי מִקְנֶה tents of cattle 2 Ch 14:14; of soldier 1 Sa 17:54 cf. Dr, Je 37:10; 1 K 12:16 ישׂראל לְאֹהָלֶיךָ, exclam., to thy tents, Israel!, cf. 1 K 8:66 2 Ch 10:16 2 S 20:1 (but cf. Dr, 1 S 17:54); of pleasure-tent on house-top 2 S 16:22 (= bridal-tent, bridal pavilion, cf. חֻפָּה ψ 19:5 Jo 2:16 v. RS^{Kinship 168}).
2. dwelling, habitation; ψ 91:10 בְּאֹהֳלֶ֑ךָ home (lit. in thy tent), pl. לְאֹהָלֶֽךָ Ju 19:9; בֵּיתִי א׳ habitation of my house ψ 132:3 cf. Dn 11:45; א׳ דוד habitat. or palace of David where throne erected Is 16:5; א׳ בַת צִיּוֹן h. of daughter of Zion (= Jerusalem) La 2:4; אָהֳלֵי יַעֲקֹב Je 30:18 Mal 2:12 (‖ מִשְׁכָּן); א׳ יְהוּדָה Zc 12:7 (‖ בית דוד); א׳ רְשָׁעִים h. of wicked Jb 8:22, cf. א׳ רֶשַׁע ψ 84:11, א׳ יְשָׁרִים Pr 14:11; א׳ שֹׁחַד Jb 15:34; א׳ צַדִּיקִים ψ 118:15; א׳ אֱדוֹם = Edom itself, ψ 83:7 cf. א׳ קְדָר ψ 120:5 א׳ כוּשָׁן Hb 3:7; cf. Is 54:2 ψ 69:26.
3. the sacred tent in worship of God; הָאֹהֶל the tent; א׳ מוֹעֵד tent of meeting of God with his people (tent of congregation or assembly Ges MV al.) According to E Moses so called the tent which he used to pitch without the camp, afar off, into which he used to enter, & where God spake with him face to face, Ex 33:7—11 Nu 12:5, 10 Dt 31:14, 15; J seems to have same conception of an א׳ מ׳ outside the camp, Nu 11:24, 26; D has no allusion to such a tent; P mentions it 131 times as א׳ מ׳; 19 times as הָאֹהֶל (cf. Ez 41:1) & א׳ הָעֵדוּת, tent of the testimony Nu 9:15; 17:22, 23; 18:2 (as containing ark & tables of the testimony) cf. 2 Ch 24:6; this tent sometimes confounded with the מִשְׁכָּן but distinguished in מִשְׁכַּן א׳מ׳ Ex 39:32; 40:2, 6, 29, cf. 1 Ch 6:17; הַמִּשְׁכָּן וְהָאֹהֶל Nu 3:25; אֶת־הַמִּשְׁכָּן וְאֶת־אָהֳלוֹ Ex 35:11; tent was of three layers of skins, goatskins, ramskins, & tachash skins, each layer of eleven pieces stretched in form of a tent, covring & protecting the מִשְׁכָּן, wh. was in form of parallelopip. (Ex 26). An אֹהֶל מוֹעֵד was at Shilo 1 S 2:22 (om. 𝔊; v. Dr) cf. ψ 78:60, called א׳ יוֹסֵף v 67. The Mosaic א׳ מ׳ was later at Gibeon 2 Ch 1:3, 6, 13; courses of ministry arranged for service at א׳ מ׳ 1 Ch 6:17; 23:32 cf. 1 Ch 9:19 (הָא׳), v 21, 23 (בֵּית הָא׳); David erected an אֹהֶל for ark on Mt. Zion 2 S 6:17 1 Ch 15:1; 16:1; 2 Ch 1:4; Joab fled for refuge to א׳ יהוה 1 K 2:28—30; sacred oil brought from הָא׳ 1 K 1:39; the א׳ מוֹעֵד was taken up into temple 1 K 8:4 = 2 Ch 5:5; י׳ had not previously dwelt in a בַּיִת, but had gone מֵאֹהֶל אֶל־אֹהֶל from tent to tent, from one to another, 1 Ch 17:5, cf. 2 S 7:6; א׳ יהוה (‖ בַּיִת & הַר קֹדֶשׁ) is refuge & dwelling-place of righteous, ψ 15:1; 27:5, 6; 61:5 (cf. ψ 90:1).

אהל²

† III. [אהל] n.[m.] odorif. tree, aloe (?) (? loan-word from Skr. aguru, agaru, dial. aghil, cf. Wilson^{Skr. Dict.}; M. Müller in Pusey ^{Dn 2d ed. p. 647 f.}; aloëxylon agallochum (cf. Sigismund^{Aromata, Leipz. 1884, p. 38 f}, MV cite Kondracki^{Beitr.z.Kenntn.d.Aloe, Dorpat 1874} & Baer^{Reden III, 293 f}); others aloë succotrina (Schenkel^BL, cf. Di ad Nu 24:6); Wetzst in De^{Ct 2d ed. 167} brings under I. אהל; he proposes cardamum, Ar. هَيْل from أُهَيْل = little tents, from three-cornered shape of capsules)
1. pl. אֲהָלִים trees planted by י׳ Nu 24:6 (‖ ארזים) perhaps error for אֵילִים cf. Di.
2. aloes, as sweet-smelling; perfume for bed, אֲהָלִים Pr 7:17 (‖ מֹר, קִנָּמוֹן); for garments אֲהָלוֹת ψ 45:9 (‖ מֹר, קְצִיעוֹת); of bride, under fig. of odorif. tree Ct 4:14 (‖ מֹר, כָּל־רָאשֵׁי בְשָׂמִים).

אָהַל²

† II. [אָהַל] vb.
Hiph. be clear, shine, Impf. 3 ms. יַאֲהִיל (subj. moon יָרֵחַ) Jb 25:5 (‖ זַכּוּ subj. כוכבים, cf. also יִזְכֶּה v 4) (= יָהֵל, from הלל; (by text error?) cf. Di so 𝔊 > = I. אָהַל Kö^{I, 373}, after Ki).

אָהֳלָה

† אָהֳלָה n.pr.f. Ohŏla (for אָהֳלָהּ she who has a tent, tent-woman, i.e. worshipper at tent-shrine, v. Sm) of Samaria, adulteress with Assyria Ez 23:4^(×2), 5, 36, 44.

אָהֳלִיאָב

† אָהֳלִיאָב n.pr.m. Ohŏliab (Father’s tent, cf. Ph. אהלבעל, אהלמלך; Sab. אהלעתֿתר, אהלאל) chief assistant of Bezalel in construction of tabernacle, etc. Ex 31:6; 35:34; 36:1, 2; 38:23.

אָהֳלִיבָה

† אָהֳלִיבָה n.pr.f. Ohŏliba (= אָהֳלִיבָהּ tent in her = (in meaning) אָהֳלָה cf. Sm) of Jerusalem as adulterous wife of י׳ Ez 23:4^(×2), 11, 22, 36, 44.

אָהֳלִיבָמָה

† אָהֳלִיבָמָה n.pr. Ohŏlibama (tent of the high place)
1. f. wife of Esau Gn 36:2, 5, 14, 18, 25.
2. m. an Edomite chief Gn 36:41 1 Ch 1:52.

אַהֲרֹן

אַהֲרֹן₃₄₆ n.pr.m. Aaron, elder brother of Moses Ex 7:7; the priest Ex 31:10 +; mentioned Ex 4:14; 15:20; 17:10; 24:1; 28:29 + (115 times Ex); Lv 8:12, 23 + (80 times Lv); Nu 20:24f; 33:39 + (101 times Nu); 1 Ch 5:29 +; Mi 6:4 (only here in proph.) ψ 77:21; 105:26; called הַכֹּהֵן Ex 31:10; 35:19; 39:41 Lv 7:34 +, v. ψ 99:6 משֶׁה וא׳ בְּכֹהֲנָיו; also בּן־א׳ הַכֹּהֵן Ex 38:21 Nu 3:32 + (all P) called קְדוֹשׁ יהוה ψ 106:16; often named with his sons Lv 2:3, 10; 6:2 +; בְּנֵי א׳ in strict sense Ex 28:1, 4, 40 + often; בְּנֵי א׳ הַכֹּהֲנִים Lv 1:5 + Nu 3:3; 10:8 Jos 21:19 1 Ch 6:42; of temple-priests in gen’l, as descendants of A., 2 Ch 26:18; 29:21; 31:19; 35:14^(×2), v. also 13:9, 10 & cf. הַכֹּהֵן בֶּן־א׳ Ne 10:39; so בֵּית א׳ ψ 115:10, 12; 118:3; 135:19; אַהֲרֹן alone (= בֵּית א׳) 1 Ch 12:27(28) cf. 27:17.

אוֹ

אוֹ₃₂₀ (أَوْ, ܐܰܘ, አው ), conj. or (whether aut or vel).
1. Gn 24:49; 31:43 Ex 4:11 Ct 2:9 Lv 13:24 Nu 5:30 + often (especially in laws); sometimes implying a preference, nearly = or rather Gn 24:55 יָמִים אוֹ עָשׂוֹר a few days or ten Ju 18:19 1 S 29:3. Prefixed to the first as well as to the second alternative (rare) either (whether) … or Lv 5:1; 13:48, 51; = or, if not Ez 21:15 (si vera l.) Ke Mal 2:17 Jb 16:3; 22:11.
2. introducing a sentence, especially a particular case under a general principle, or = or if Ex 21:31 אוֹ־בֵן יִגַּח וג׳ or if he gore a son, etc. v 36 Lv 4:23, 28 (v. Di) 5:21, 22; 25:49b; Nu 5:14 2 S 18:13 or if I had dealt falsely against his life, then, etc., Ez 14:17, 19 or if I send, etc.
3. if perchance, 1 S 20:10 if perchance thy father answer thee with something hard, Lv 26:41.
4. once, with the juss. (as in Arabic with the subjunct. v. Dr^{§ 175} = except: Is 27:5 I would burn them together, אוֹ יַחֲזֵק בְּמָעֻזִּי or else let him take hold (= except he take hold) of my strong-hold, etc.—אַו Pr 31:4 v. sub [אָוָה] on p. 16.

אַו

[אַו] n.m. cstr. אוֹ, Kt Pr 31:4 desire, so Thes MV; but < Qr אֵי q.v.

אוּאֵל

† אוּאֵל n.pr.m. a Judæan (will of God, cf. I. אוה; or contr. from אֲבוּאֵל cf. אִיעֶזֶר?) Ezr 10:34.

אוב

אוב (meaning? Thes comp. Arabic آبَ return, whence Kö^{Off.-begr. ii 15 C} Sta^{G i.504; Bib. Theol. i. 186} Now^{Arch. ii. 273} as rediens, “revenant”; but doubtful. أَيَّابٌ water-carrier; but cf. Lag^{BN 90}). MV comp. אבב (with conjectural sense) to get meaning have a hollow sound. Deriv. and signif. totally uncertain).*

אוֹב

אוֹב n.m. ^{Jb 32:19} skin-bottle, necromancer, etc.—abs. א׳ Lv 20:27 + 8 times; pl. אֹבוֹת Lv 19:31 + 7 times—
1. skin-bottle, only pl. אֹבוֹת חֲדָשִׁים new (wine-) skins Jb 32:19.
2. necromancer, in phr. אוֹב אוֹיִדְּעֹנִי necrom. or wizard Lv 20:27 (H; usually tr. ‘a man also or woman that hath a familiar spirit or that is a wizard’ RV; but better a man or a woman, if there should be among them, a necromancer or wizard; no suff. reason for exceptional use of phrase here); א׳ וְיִדְּעֹנִי Dt 18:11 2 Ch 33:6 = 2 K 21:6 (where א׳ וידענים); הָאֹבוֹת וְהַיִּדְּעֹנִים Lv 19:31; 20:6 (H) 1 S 28:3, 9 2 K 23:24 Is 8:19 (where repres. as chirping & muttering, in practice of their art of seeking dead for instruction, prob. ventriloquism, & so 𝔊) 19:3.
3. ghost, Is 29:4 וְהָיָה כְּאוֹב מֵאֶרֶץ קוֹלֵךְ וּמֵעָפָר אִמְרָתֵךְ תְּצַפְצֵף and thy voice shall be as a ghost from the ground and from the dust thy speech shall chirp (so Ge MV Ew De Che al., but chirping might be of necromancer, as 8:19).
4. necromancy אֵשֶׁת בַּעֲלַת־אוֹב a woman who was mistress of necromancy 1 S 28:7^(×2); (< RS^{JPh. xiv, 127 f} makes אוֹב primarily a subterranean spirit, and signif. 2 only an abbrev. of בעלתא׳ etc.); קסם בָּאוֹב divine by necromancy 1 S 28:8, which seems to be interpr. of 1 Ch 10:13 שׁאל בא׳ inquire by necromancy. (In these three exx. אוֹב is usually interpreted as ghost or familiar spirit conceived as dwelling in necromancer; but this apparently not the ancient conception.)

אוֹבִיל

† אוֹבִיל n.pr.m. (? camel-driver), GFM (privately) queries whether, if genuine, name may not be theophoric (x + īl), poss. error for אַדְבְּאֵל; or Aramaic Aph. from יבל (which in any case may have influenced pronunciation).), overseer of David’s camels 1 Ch 27:30.