Brown-Driver-Briggs Lexicon

שִׁפְרָה² — שֵׁרִית

שִׁפְרָה²

† II. שִׁפְרָה n.pr.f. Hebrew midwife, Ex 1:15 (E); Σεπφωρα (cf. Lag^{BN 90}).

† [שָׁפַת] vb.denom. set (on the fire) (NH; v. √; Sab. שפת = bestow, Sab Denkm^{No. 8, i. 15});—
Qal 1. Imv. ms. שְׁפֹת הַסִּיר 2 K 4:38 set on the pot, so Ez 24:3, cf. v 3 (del. Co, not Krae; Toy allows); later more gen. (subj. י׳): Impf. 2 ms. sf. תִּשְׁפְּתֵנִי ψ 22:16 in the dust of death thou settest me. 2. ordain, establish, 2 ms. תִּשְׁפֹּת שָׁלוֹם לָ֑גוּ Is 26:12.

שָׁפַת²

[שָׁפַת], אַשְׁפֹּת, מִשְׁפְּתַיִם v. II. שׁפה.

שְׁפַתַּ֫יִם

II. שְׁפַתַּ֫יִם v. p. 1052 infr.

שְׁפַתָּ֑יִם

† I. שְׁפַתָּ֑יִם n.[m.] du.: prob. = מִשְׁפְּתַיִם, infr., q.v.;—בֵּין שׁ׳ ψ 68:14 (based on Ju 5:16?).

שְׁפַתַּ֫יִם²

† II. שְׁפַתַּ֫יִם n.[m.]du. doubtful word: usually hook-shaped pegs, hooks, so 𝔗 Thes AV RV; abs. וְהַשּׁ׳ Ez 40:43; < 𝔖 𝔙 Co וּשְׂפָתָם and their edge, so Aq Theod Symm and prob. 𝔊, cf. Hi-Sm, and Krae (וּשְׂפַת).—i. שׁ׳ v. √ שׁפה.

שֶׁ֫צֶף

שֶׁ֫צֶף v. שֶׁ֫טֶף sub שׁטף.

שַׂק

שַׂק v. שׂקק.

שַׂק²

† שַׂק n.m. ^{Jos 9:4} sack sackcloth (v. Schwally^{ZAW xi (1891), 173} who conj. Egyptian origin; NH סַק sackcloth (rare); Assyrian šaḳḳu, sack (Dl^{HWB 687 a}), sackcloth (Wkl^{Altor. Forsch. vi. 44}); Ethiopic ሠቅ = BH; Aramaic סַקָּא, ܣܰܩܳܐ; Gk. σάκκος Lewy^{Fremdw. 87});—abs. שׂ׳ Gn 37:34 +, שָׂ֑ק Je 48:37 +; sf. שַׂקִּי ψ 30:12, etc.; pl. שַׂקִּים Jos 9:4 +, sf. שַׂקֵּיהֶם Gn 42:35;—
1. sack, for grain Gn 42:25, 27 (‖ אַמְתַּחַת), v 35^(×2) (E), Jos 9:4 (JE), perhaps also Lv 11:32 (P).
2. sackcloth: a. worn in mourning and humiliation (v. Now^{Arch. i. 192 f.} SACook^{Ency. Bib. s.v.}), either loose garment like sack, or piece of similar material (of rough, dark hair), fastened round body: put (שִׂים) on loins Gn 37:34 (J), 1 K 20:31, on (bare) flesh 21:27 2 K 6:30, cf. Je 48:37 Jb 16:15 (c. תָּפַר); וְהַעֲלֵיתִי עַל־כָּל־מָתְנַיִם שׂ׳ Am 8:10; usually חָגַר שַק 2 S 3:31 Is 15:3; 22:12, cf. 3:24, Je 4:8; 6:26; 49:3 Ez 7:18; 27:31 1 K 20:32 Jo 1:8 La 2:10; כִּסָּה בַּשּׂ׳ 2 K 19:1, 2 = Is 37:1, 2, Jon 3:6, 8 1 Ch 21:16, fig. of heavens (cf. קָדַר), שׂ׳ אָשִׂים כְּסוּתָם Is 50:3; late לָבַשׁ שׂ׳ put on sackcloth Jon 3:5 Est 4:1, cf. v:2 ψ 35:13; 69:12; בְּצוֹם וְשׂ׳ Ne 9:1, cf. Dn 9:3; פִּתַּח שׂ׳ loosen sackcloth Is 20:2 (+ מֵעַל), ψ 30:12 (opp. שִׂמְחָה), הֵסִיר שׂ׳ מֵעַל Est 4:4. b. same garment (or material) spread out (to lie on), 2 S 21:10 (c. הִטָּה), Is 58:5 (c. הִצִּיעַ), cf. Est 4:3; וַיִּשְׁכַּב בַּשׂ׳ 1 K 21:27, לִינוּ בַּשּׂ׳ Jo 1:13.

שָׂקַד

† [שָׂקַד] doubtful vb., Ḳi bind on;—Niph. Pf. 3 ms. נִשְׂקַד עֹל La 1:14 (fig.); read perhaps נִשְׁקַד עַל watch is kept upon 𝔊 𝔖 𝔙 Bu, cf. Thes (v. שׁקד); other conj. in Löhr Bi.

שָׁקֵד

† שָׁקֵד n.[m.] almond(-tree) (NH id.; so called from its early waking out of winter’s sleep, according to Ki Thes Lag^{BN 45} al.; Aramaic שִׁיגְדָּא, ܫܶܓܕܳܐ, ܫܶܓܕܬܳܐ, whence Ethiopic ሰግድ: cf. Nö^{M 39}; cf. Löw^{No. 319});—
1. almond, i.e. the nut, pl. שְׁקֵדִים Gn 43:11 (J; + בָּטְנִים, etc.), Nu 17:23 (P).
2. almond-tree Je 1:11 and (prob.) Ec 12:5.

שָׁקַד

† שָׁקַד vb. watch, wake (Ph. שקד be circumspect; NH שָׁקַד be insistent; 𝔗 שְׁקֵד = BH);—
Qal Pf. 3 ms. שׁ׳ ψ 127:1, שָׁקַ֫דְתִּי Je 31:28 ψ 102:8; Impf. 3 ms. יִשְׁק֑וֹד Jb 21:32 (Me Bu יִשְׁקֹ֑דוּ), וַיִּשְׁקֹד Dn 9:14, 1 s. אֶשְׁקֹד Je 31:28; Imv. mpl. שִׁקְדוּ Ezr 8:29; Inf. cstr. לִשְׁקֹד Pr 8:34; Pt. act. שֹׁקֵד Je 1:12 +; pl. cstr. שֹׁקְדֵי Is 29:20;— 1. keep watch of, be wakeful over, י׳ subj., עַל pers., to benefit or injure Je 31:28^(×2); 44:27; עַל rei, to perform it 1:12; Dn 9:14; so (men subj.) שֹׁקְדֵי אָוֶן Is 29:20; of leopard watching עַל־עָרֵיהֶם Je 5:6 (to seize prey, fig.); of man watching (for admission) at (עַל) wisdom’s doors Pr 8:34 (‖ שָׁמַר); = keep guard over (עַל) Jb 21:32, cf. (abs.) שׁ׳ וְשִׁמְרוּ Ezr 8:29, and (of watchman, שֹׁמֵר) ψ 127:1. 2. be wakeful, wake, as mourner, sufferer ψ 102:3.—La 1:14 read perhaps
Niph. Pf. נִשְׁקַד עַל־פְּשָׁעַי (𝔊 Bu) watch has been kept over my transgressions (cf. 1 supra), for MT נִשְׂקַד עֹל פ׳.—
Pu. denom. v. infra.

שָׁקַד²

† [שָׁקַד] vb.
Pu. denom.—only Pt. pl. in גְּבִעִים מְשֻׁקָּדִים cups shaped like almond (blossoms) Ex 25:33^(×2), 34; 37:19^(×2), 20 (all P).

שָׁקָה

† [שָׁקָה] vb.
Hiph. cause to drink water, give to drink (NH Hiph. id.; Arabic سَقَى i. give to drink; Sab. סקי be irrigated Fell ^{ZMG liv (1900), 246}, מסקי drinks Hom ^{Chr 124}, מסתקין id. DHM ^{Hofmus., No. 1, 1.7}; Ethiopic ሰቀየ: water, irrigate; Assyrian šaḳû i. = Heb. Hiph., Aramaic שְׁקָא, ܫܩܳܐ Aph.);—for
Qal v. I. שָׁתָה;—Pf. 3 ms. consec. וְהִשְׁקָה Gn 2:6 +, sf. וְהִשְׁקָהּ Nu 5:27; 2 ms. consec. וְהִשְׁקִיתָ Nu 20:8 +; 1 s. consec. וְהִשְׁקֵיתִי Ez 32:6, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יַשְׁקֶה Nu 5:26, וַיַּשְׁקְ Gn 29:10 +, etc.; Imv. ms. sf. הַשְׁקֵ֫הוּ Pr 25:21; fs. sf. הַשְׁקִ֫ינִי Gn 24:43 +; Inf. cstr. הַשְׁקוֹת Gn 2:10 +, sf. הַשְׁקֹתוֹ 24:19; Pt. מַשְׁקֶה ψ 104:13, cstr. Hb 2:15 (v. also i., ii. מַשְׁקֶה);— 1. irrigate, ground: subj. man Dt 11:10, mist Gn 2:6, river v 10 (both J), spring Jo 4:18; subj. י׳ Is 27:3 (כֶּרֶם), Ez 17:7 (גֶּפֶן), both in fig., fig. also 32:6 water land מִדָּם; lit. c. מִן of source ψ 104:13 (הָרִים) and (subj. man) Ec 2:6 (יַעַר). 2. water, give drink to, usually human subj., acc. of beast, Gn 24:14, 46^(×2); 29:2 (מִן of source), v 3, 7, 8, 10 Ex 2:16, 17, 19 (all J), ψ 104:11 (subj. springs); acc. pers. Gn 21:19 (E), 24:18, 19, 45 (J), Hb 2:15 (fig.), Is 43:20 (י׳ subj.), ψ 78:15 (id.), 2 Ch 28:15, c. ב of vessel Est 1:7; c. acc. pers. et animal. Nu 20:8 (P); give one something to drink, acc. pers. + rei (water, wine, etc.), Am 2:12; Gn 19:32, 33, 34, 35; 24:43; Nu 5:24, 26; Ju 4:19 1 S 30:11; 2 S 23:15 = 1 Ch 11:15; Jb 22:7, cf. Ct 8:2 (מִיַּיִן); fig. Je 8:14; 9:14; 16:7; 23:15; 25:15 ψ 69:22, cf. וְנַחַל עֲדָנֶיךָ תַשְׁקֵם 36:9, and וַתַּשְׁקֵ֫מוֹ בִּדְמָעוֹת 80:6; acc. rei om., lit. Ju 4:19; Ex 32:20 (E), fig. Je 25:17.—Vid. also i. מַשְׁקֶה infra.
Pu. Impf. 3 ms. וּמֹחַ עַצְמוֹתָיו יְשֻׁקֶּה Jb 21:24 the marrow of his bones is watered, (refreshed, invigorated).—נשׁקה Am 8:8 v. שׁקע.

שִׁקּוּי

† שִׁקּוּי n.[m.] drink (Ba^{§ 102 d});—שׁ׳ לְעַצְמוֹתֶיךָ Pr 3:8 drink (fig. for refreshment) to thy bones (cf. vb. Pu.); pl. sf. שִׁקֻּוַי (Ol^{§ 186 b}) ψ 102:10 (+ לֶחֶם v a), שִׁקּיָ֑י Ho 2:7.

שָׁקוּף

† [שָׁקוּף, שְׁקוּף] n.m. ^{1 K 6:4} frame, casing of windows;—pl. חַלּוֹנֵי שְׁקֻפִים 1 K 6:4 windows of narrowing frames, so read also, inserting שׁ׳, Ez 41:16 (Co Toy; > Krae Berthol read שׁ׳ for שְׂחִיף v b); שׁ׳ alone 1 K 7:4.

שִׁקּוּץ

† שִׁקּוּץ, שִׁקֻּץ n.m. ^{Dn 11:31} detested thing;—abs. שִׁקּוּץ Dn 11:31; 12:11, cstr. שִׁקֻּץ 1 K 11:5 +; pl. שִׁקּוּצִים 2 Ch 15:8, שִׁקֻּצִים 2 K 23:24; cstr. שִׁקּוּצֵי Ez 20:7, 8; sf. שִׁקּוּצֵיהֶם Je 16:18 +, etc.—detested thing, epith. of Isr. Ho 9:10 (si vera l.; not elsewhere bef. Dt); of filth Na 3:6; appar. of unclean food Zc 9:7 (as שֶׁקֶץ); of idols (often ‖ תּוֹעֵבָה, גִּלּוּל, etc.), Dt 29:16; 2 K 23:13, 24; Is 66:3; Je 4:1; 7:30 = 32:34; 13:27; 16:18; Ez 5:11; 7:20; 11:18, 21; 20:7, 8, 30; 37:23; of idolatrous practices Dn 9:27, but read prob. as 11:31 (so 𝔊 Θ), and כַּנּוֹ for כנף (v. Dr); שׁ׳ (םְ)שֹׁמֵם 11:31; 12:11 detested thing causing horror is the heathen altar erected in temple by Ant. Epiph., with (prob.) a statue of Zeus Olympios = (Ph.) בעלשמם lord of heaven; the prophet puts שִׁקּוּץ for בעל, and (םְ)שֹׁמֵם) for שָׁמַיִם; cf. Nes^{ZAW iv (1884), 248} Che^{OP 105} Dr Dn.

שֶׁ֫קֶט

† שֶׁ֫קֶט n.[m.] quietness;—1 Ch 22:9 (+ שָׁלוֹם).

שָׁקַט

† שָׁקַט vb. be quiet, undisturbed (𝔗 שְׁקַט (rare); NH שׁקט is sink down; Arabic سَقَطَ is drop down);—
Qal Pf. 3 ms. consec. וְשׁ׳ Je 30:10; 46:27, 3 fs. שָֽׁקְטָה Jos 11:23 +, שָׁקָ֑טָה 2 K 11:20 +; 1 s. שָׁקַ֫טְתִּי Jb 3:26, וְשָׁקַטְתִּ֫י Ez 16:42; Impf. 3 ms. יִשְׁקֹט Ru 3:18; 2 fs. תְּשְׁקֹ֑טִי Je 47:6, 7; 1 s. אֶשְׁקוֹט Is 62:1; Jb 3:13, אשׁקוטה Is 18:4 Kt, Qr אֶשָׁקֳטָה (Ges^{§§ 10h, 48c}); Pt. שֹׁקֵט Ju 18:7 +, fs. שֹׁקֶ֫טֶת 1 Ch 4:40, שֹׁקָ֑טֶת Zc 1:11; pl. הַשֹּׁקְטִים Ez 38:11;—be quiet, undisturbed: 1. of land, at peace, abs. Ju 3:11, 30; 5:31; 8:28; Is 14:7 (+ נָ֫חָה), 2 Ch 13:23; 14:5; + מִמִּלְחָמָה Jos 11:23; 14:15 (D?), cf. v 5 (P); וּשְׁלֵוָה וְשׁ׳ 1 Ch 4:40; of earth ψ 76:9 Zc 1:11 (ישֶׁבֶת ושׁ׳); abs. of city 2 K 11:20 = 2 Ch 23:21, kingdom 2 Ch 20:30, + לִפְנֵי pers. 14:4; of people, שׁ׳ וּבֹטֵחַ in peace and security Ju 18:7, 27, הַשֹּׁקְטִים ישְׁבֵי לָבֶ֑טַח Ez 38:11; + שַׁאֲנַן Je 30:10 = 46:27; of Moab, שַׁאֲנַן … וְשֹׁקִט אֶל־שְׁמָרָיו 48:11 undisturbed upon its less (fig. of wine); of Job, quiet in death Jb 3:13, be at rest (from apprehensions of evil) v 26 (+ שָׁלַוְתִּי, נָחְ֑תִּי). 2. be quiet, inactive: of י׳ + וְאַבִּיטָה Is 18:4 I will be quiet and gaze, i.e. gaze as an inactive spectator, ψ 83:2 (‖ דמה, חרשׁ be silent); = be pacified Ez 16:42; of sword of י׳ Je 47:6, 7; of Boaz Ru 3:18 he will not be quiet until he has finished the matter; of prophet Is 62:1 (‖ חָשָׁה be silent).
Hiph. Impf. 3 ms. יַשְׁקִיט Pr 15:18, יַשְׁקִט Jb 34:29; Imv. ms. הַשְׁקֵט Is 7:4; Inf. abs. חַשְׁקֵט Is 32:17 +; cstr. הַשְׁקִיט ψ 94:13, -קִט Jb 37:17, -קֵט Is 57:20; Je 49:23;— 1. shew quietness (inner causat.), of men Is 7:4 (+ אַל־תִּירָא), of sea Is 57:20 = Je 49:23, earth Jb 37:17 (+ מִדָּרוֹם); hence Inf. abs. = subst., quietness, display of quietness Is 30:15, עֲבֹדַת הַצְּדָקָה הַשְׁקֵט וָבֶ֫טַח 32:17 the product of righteousness is quietness and security (Du Che^Hpt Marti del. הַצּ׳ as dittogr. from v a, read הַמִּשְׁפָּט for הַשְׁקֵט, and del. וָ: the product of justice is security); (presumptuous) security, שַׁלְוַת הַשְׁקֵט Ez 16:49 (of Sodom). 2. cause quietness: subj. י׳ Jb 34:29, לְהַשְׁקִיט לוֹ מִימֵי רָ֑ע ψ 94:13; pacify, allay, obj. רִיב Pr 15:18.

שֶׁ֫קֶל

שֶׁ֫קֶל₈₇ n.m. Lv 27:6 a weight, shekel (orig. = weight; late Heb. = coin GACooke ^Inscr.356);—abs. שׁ׳ Am 8:5 +, שָׁ֑קֶל Ex 38:29 +; pl. שְׁקָלִים Jos 7:21 +; cstr. שִׁקְלֵי 1 Ch 21:25;—shekel, as standard weight Am 8:5; of weight of bronze armour 1 S 17:5, iron spear-head v 7, + 2 S 21:16b (v. מִשְׁקָל), hair 2 S 14:26, food Ez 4:10; implying value, of wedge of gold Jos 7:21 (JE); of nails in temple (gold) 2 Ch 3:9; usually a definite weight of silver (used in payment or valuation) Ex 21:32 (E), Jos 7:21 (JE), 1 S 9:8; 2 S 24:24; 2 K 7:1^(×2), 16^(×2), 18^(×2); 15:20; Je 32:9; Ez 45:12^(×2) (v. infra), and (= coin, from time of Darius I) Ne 5:15; 10:33; Lv 5:15; 27:3, 4, 5^(×2) (all P), + 53 times P; also מַחֲצִית הַשּׁ׳ Ex 30:13^(×2), 15; 38:26 (= בֶּקַע), all half-shekel, atonement-money; cf. שְׁלִישִׁית הַשּׁ׳ Ne 10:33 one-third; also רֶבַע שׁ׳ 1 S 9:8 one-fourth of shekel; שׁ׳ = 20 גֵּרָה (ג׳ otherwise unknown) Ez 45:12; Ex 30:13; Lv 27:25; Nu 3:47; 50 שׁ׳ = one maneh Ez 45:12 (read וַחֲמִשִּׁים for וחמשׁה [and עֶשְׂרֵה for עֲשָׂרָה preceding], 𝔊^A Boeckh Hi-Sm Co Toy Da Krae Berthol); שׁ׳ הַקֹּדֶשׁ Ex 30:13, 24; Lv 5:15; Nu 3:47, 50; 7:13 + 21 times P; land estimated in שׁ׳ of gold 1 Ch 21:25; שׂ׳ also often om. after num.—שׁ׳ was of two standards, one one-half the other; actual weights (and values) varied, but most persistent were: (1) gold, 252 2/3 gr. Troy (or 126 1/3), mod. equiv. c. £2 1 s., or $10; (2) silver, 224 1/2 gr. (nearly 1/2 oz.) = שׁ׳ הַקֹּדֶשׁ (v. supra), or 112 1/4, mod. equiv. c. 2 s. 9d., or 67 c.; שׁ׳ בְּאֶבֶן הַמֶּלֶךְ 2 S 14:26 is dub.; if late (Bu HPS Löhr Now) it prob. ref. to a Bab. or Pers. scale (cf. S-C^Pap באבני מלבא often); 60 (or 50) שׁ׳ = 1 mina, 60 minas = 1 talent (v. מָנֶה, כִּכָּר). Vid. especially ARSKennedy^Hast. ^{DB weights and measures, and money}.

שָׁקַל

† שָׁקַל vb. weigh (NH id.; Arabic ثَقُلَ be heavy, ثِقَلٌ heaviness, weight, ثَقَلٌ load, Old Aramaic תקל weigh, Aramaic תְּקַל, ܬܩܰܠ (weigh), pay, תִּקְלָא shekel, but also (Old Aramaic Zinj.) שקל, שקלן Lzb³⁸²; ܫܩܰܠ lift up; Assyrian šaḳâlu, weigh, šiḳlu (appar.) = שֶׁקֶל; Ethiopic ሰቀለ: hang up, weigh; Ph. משקל weight; cf. Frä²⁰², also Gk. σίγλος (𝔊 σίκλος), Lag^{M ii.357} Lewy^Fremdw.118f.;—on connex. of meanings cf. weigh trans. and intrans. = Germ. wägen, wiegen, also heave, heavy, heft (= weight, obs. or colloq.));—
Qal Pf. 3 ms. שׁ׳ 2 S 14:26; Is 40:12; Impf. 3 ms. יִשְׁקֹל Ex 22:16, sf. יִשְׁקְלֵ֫נִי Jb 31:6, etc.; Inf. abs. שָׁקוֹל Jb 6:2; cstr. לִשְׁקוֹל Est 4:7; Pt. act. שֹׁקֵל Is 33:18; 2 S 18:12 read perhaps שָׁקֻל, v. infr.; 1. weigh, human subj. Is 33:18, acc. rei 2 S 14:26; Is 46:6 (ב of scale); fig., י׳ subj. Is 40:12, also (acc. pers.) Jb 31:6 (both c. ב of scale); cf. Inf. abs. sub Niph.; weigh precious metals intrusted to one, ל pers. Ezr 8:25, עַל־יָדָם v 26, acc. rei om. v 29 (לִפְנֵי of superior). 2. weigh out a price (i.e. pay): acc. of silver Ex 22:16 (E), 1 K 20:39 Zc 11:12 Je 32:10 (ב of scale), Is 55:2 (c. ב, in exchange for); + ל pers. Je 32:9; Gn 23:16 (P); + עַל־כַּפַּי 2 S 18:12 (read perhaps שָׁקֻל, so We Kit^Kau Bu Buhl), עַל־יְדֵי פ׳ Est 3:9, עַל־גִּנְזֵי הַמֶּלֶךְ 4:7.
Niph. be weighed: 1. Pf. 3 ms. נִשְׁקַל, subj. rei Ezr 8:33 (pass. of Qal v 25f.); Impf. 3 ms. fig. (+ Qal Inf. abs.), לוּ שָׁקוֹל יִשָּׁקֵל כַּעְשִׂי Jb 6:2. 2. be weighed out, as price, 28:15.

שִׁקְמָה

† [שִׁקְמָה] n.f. sycomore tree (NH id., Aramaic שִׁיקְמָא, ܫܶܩܡܳܐ, Löw^No.332; hence Gk. συκάμινος, mulberry Lewy^Fremdw.23);—pl. abs. שִׁקְמִים Am 7:14 +; sf. שִׁקְמוֹתָם ψ 78:47;—sycomore, ficus sycomorus Linn (Tristr^{NHB 397ff.} Post^{Flora of Syria 730. Hast DB s.v.}) a common tree Is 9:9, growing in the Sh^ephela 1 K 10:27 = 2 Ch 1:15 = 9:27;1 Ch 27:28; as property ψ 78:47 (‖ גֶּפֶן); בּוֹלֵס שִׁקְמִים Am 7:14 a tender of sycomores (v. [בָּלַם]).

שָׁקַע

[שָׁקַע] vb. sink, sink down (so NH שָׁקַע, Aramaic שְׁקַע; Arabic has صَقِعَ be smitten, prostrated, collapse);—
Qal Pf. 3 fs. consec. וְשָֽׁקְעָה Am 9:5 it shall sink like the Nile (of land; opp. עָלָה); 3 fs. וַתִּשְׁקַע Nu 11:2 (JE), of fire, it sank down, died out; תִּשְׁקַע Je 51:64, of Babylon (like stone in water; opp. קוּם).
Niph. 3 fs. נִשְׁקְעָה Am 8:8 Qr, of land, sink (opp. עָלָה; = Qal 9:5; Kt erron. נשקה, cf. W^{SG 287}).
Hiph. Impf. 1 s. אַשְׁקִיעַ מֵימֵיהֶם Ez 32:14 I will make their waters sink (settle, grow clear); 2 ms. וּבְחֶבֶל תַּשְׁקִיעַ לְשׁוֹנוֹ Jb 40:25 with a cord wilt thou make his tongue sink (? pull or press it down; of crocodile; Mich^{Suppl. 2349}, cited Thes¹⁴⁷⁷, cp. Sam. ࠔࠒࠏ= חבשׁ bind).

שְׁקַעֲרוּרָה

† [שְׁקַעֲרוּרָה] n.f. depression, hollow (on format. v. Ges^{§ 55 i});—pl. שְׁקַעֲרוּרֹת Lv 14:37 in wall.

שְׁקַעֲרוּרָה²

[שְׁקַעֲרוּרָה] v. קער.

שֶׁ֫קֶף

† [שֶׁ֫קֶף] n. [m.] frame-work, casing of doors (cf. NH שְׁקוּף lintel, Aramaic שְׁקוֹף, שַׁקְפָא threshold);—שָׁ֑קֶף 1 K 7:5.

שָׁקַף

† I. [שָׁקַף] vb. Niph. Hiph. overhang, look out and down (NH Niph. Hiph. = BH; cf. Aramaic שְׁקִיפָא, ܫܩܺܝܦܳܐ rocky pinnacle, rock, Arabic سَقْفٌ ceiling, roof, sky (on connex. of meanings cf. Arabic أَشْرَفَ overtop, overlook, from شَرُفَ be high; اِطَّلَعَ look down upon, from طَلَعَ rise));—
Niph. Pf. 3 fs. נִשְׁקְפָה Ju 5:28 +, וְנִשְׁקָ֖פָח Nu 21:20 (read prob. pt. הַנִּשְׁקָפָה, cf. 23:28, GBG); 1 s. נִשְׁקָ֑פְתִּי Pr 7:6; Pt. נִשְׁקָף Nu 23:28; 1 S 13:18 ψ 85:12; f. נִשְׁקָפָה Ct 6:10;—lean over (and look), look down, c. בְּעַד of window, through Ju 5:28; 2 S 6:16 = 1 Ch 15:29; Pr 7:6; abs. look down, forth Ct 6:10; c. מִן of direction whence Je 6:1 ψ 85:12 (both fig.); of mt. lean over upon (עַל־פְּנֵי), overhang Nu 21:20; 23:28; 1 S 13:18 (read הַגֶּבַע for הגבול We Dr HPS al.).
Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. הִשְׁקִיף ψ 14:2 +; Impf. 3 ms. יַשְׁקִיף La 3:50, וַיַּשְׁקֵף Gn 19:28 +, etc.; Imv. ms. cohort. הַשְׁקִ֫יפָה Dt 26:15;—look down (= Niph.): c. בְּעַד of window Gn 26:8 (J), 2 K 9:30, c. אֶל pers. v 32; look down upon, עַל־פְּנֵי, subj. pers. Gn 18:16; 19:28 (both J), abs. וַיַּשׁ׳ וַיַּרְא 2 S 24:20 (וַיַּבֵּט in ‖ 1 Ch 21:21); especially subj. י׳, c. אֶל loc. Ex 14:24 (J); c. מִן loc. Dt 26:15 ψ 102:20, + עַל pers. 14:2 = 53:3, + וְיֵ֫רֶא La 3:50.

שׁקף

II. שׁקף (√ of foll.; cf. Aramaic שְׁקַף, ܫܩܰܦ strike, whence foll. as that against which the door strikes, v. Frä²⁰; Arabic سَقَفَ to ceil or roof, سَقْفٌ ceiling, roof).

שִׁקֵּץ

† [שִׁקֵּץ] vb.
Pi. denom. detest, make detestable;—Pf. 3 ms. שִׁקַּץ ψ 22:25; Impf. 2 mpl. תְּשַׁקְּצוּ Lv 11:13 +, etc.; Inf. abs. שַׁקֵּץ Dt 7:26;— 1. detest, c. acc. rei Dt 7:26 (Impf. + Inf. abs.; ‖ תַּעֵב תְּתַעֲבֶנּוּ), Lv 11:11, 13 (P); ‖ בָּזָה ψ 22:25. 2. make detestable, obj. נַפְשֹׁתֵיכֶם (= reflex.) Lv 11:43 (P), 20:25 (H).

שֶׁ֫קֶץ

† שֶׁ֫קֶץ n.m. ^{Lv 7:21} detestation, detestable thing;—שׁ׳ of the ceremonially unclean Lv 7:21; creatures forbidden as food: water animals without fins or scales 11:10, 11, 12, birds of prey, etc., v 13, winged creeping things v 20, 23, creeping vermin v 41, 42 (all P), cf. Is 66:17 (+ בְּשַׂר הַחֲזִיר, הָעַכְבָּר); v. RS^{Sem. i. 275, 2nd ed. 293; K 309 f., 2nd ed. 311 f.}—Ez 8:10 read prob. שִׁקּוּצִים, v. שִׁקּוּץ.

שׁקץ

שׁקץ (√ of foll.; cf. Assyrian šikṣu, impurity, blemish; NH Pi. שִׁקֵּץ, Aramaic Pa. שַׁקֵּץ detest, are denom.; RS^{JPhil. xvi.71ff.} conj. original meaning let fall, throw away, cf. Arabic سَقَطَ fall, drop down, but very dubious).

שָׁקַק

† [שָׁקַק] vb. run, run about, rush (appar. akin to √ I. שׁוק, whence שׁוֹק);—
Qal Impf. 3 mpl. בָּעִיר יָשֹׁקּוּ Jo 2:9, of locusts (‖ יְרֻצוּן; > Gr proposes יִסְּקוּ from סלק); Pt. שֹׁקֵק Is 33:4, c. ב rei rush at, upon (like locusts); of roving, ranging bear Pr 28:15 (unless we read שַׁכּוּל); fig. of נֶפֶשׁ longing for water Is 29:8 (‖ עָיֵף and, v a, רֵקָה), ψ 107:9 (‖ רְעֵבָה).
Hithpalp. Impf. 3 mpl. יִשְׁתַּקְשְׁקוּן Na 2:5, of chariots, they rush to and fro.

שׂקק

שׂקק (assumed as √ of foll., but nowhere found).

שֶׁ֫קֶר

שֶׁ֫קֶר₁₁₃ n.m. deception, disappointment, falsehood;—שׁ׳ Ex 23:7 + 64 times; שָׁ֑קֶר Ex 5:9 + 42 times; pl. שְׁקָרִים ψ 101:7 + 3 times; sf. שִׁקְרֵיהֶם Je 23:32;—
1. deception,what deceives, disappoints, and betrays one: a molten image Je 10:14 = 51:17; gift Pr 25:14; grace of person 31:30, etc.; אֹ֫רַח שׁ׳ ψ 119:104, 128; דֶּ֫רֶךְ שׁ׳ v 29; בטח בשׁ׳ Je 13:25; נחל שׁ׳ 16:19, cf. also ψ 7:15; 33:17; 119:118; Is 28:15; לַשֶּׁקֶר for disappointment, in vain 1 S 25:21; Je 3:23.
2. deceit, fraud, wrong: (ל)שׁ׳ עשׂה do or practise fraud, wrong Ho 7:1; Je 6:13; 8:9, 10; c. בְ, 2 S 18:13; פְּעֻלַּת שׁ׳ Pr 11:18; לֶ֫חֶם שׁ׳ Pr 20:17 food got by fraud; זֶ֫רַע שׁ׳ Is 57:4; עֵט שׁ׳ Je 8:8; ילד שׁ׳ ψ 7:15 (‖ עמל); דרךְ לשׁון קשׁת שׁ׳ Je 9:2; בְּשׁ׳ 3:10 (‖ בגד), adv. שׁקר fraudulently, wrongfully ψ 35:19; 38:20; 69:5; 119:78, 86.
3. injurious falsehood, in testimony, especially in courts: עֵד שֶׁקֶר Ex 20:16 (E) Dt 19:18 ψ 27:12 Pr 6:19; 14:5; 25:18; עֵד שׁקרים 12:17; 19:5, 9; ענה שׁ׳ Dt 19:18 testify falsehood; שְׁבֻעַת שׁ׳ Zc 8:17 false oath; נשׁבע לשׁ׳ swear falsely Je 5:2 + 5 times; נשׁבע על שׁ׳ Lv 5:22; דבּר שׁ׳ Mi 6:12 + (v. [דָּבַר], דָּבָר); אִמְרֵי שׁ׳ Is 32:7; שׁ׳ שׂפת(י) ψ 31:19; 120:2; Pr 10:18; 17:7; טפל שׁ׳ Jb 13:4 ψ 119:69, cf. v 163; abs. false! 2 K 9:12 Je 37:14.
4. falsity, of false or self-deceived prophets: נבּא שׁ׳ prophesy falsely Je 14:14; 23:25, 26; 29:21; + ל pers. 27:10, 14, 16; נ׳ לַשּׁ׳ v 15; נ׳ בשׁ׳ 5:31; 20:6; 29:9; מוֹרֶה שׁ׳ Is 9:14 Hb 2:18; חזה שׁ׳ Zc 10:2; חֲזוֹן שׁ׳ Je 14:14, etc., (+ 12 times); רוּחַ שׁ׳ v. p. 925 b.
5. lie, falsehood, in gen.: דבר שּׁ׳ ψ 101:7 (‖ רְמִיָּה); דְּבַר שׁ׳ Pr 13:5; of מִלִּים Jb 36:4; לְשׁוֹן שׁ׳ false tongue Pr 6:17; 12:19; 21:6; 26:28; ψ 109:2; of lips Pr 12:22; אִישׁ שׁ׳ 17:4 liar.

שָׂקַר

† [שָׂקַר] vb.
Pi. ogle (Aramaic סְקַר look at (𝔗 Jb 20:9; 28:7), סַקְרָנִית looking about, ogling; ܣܩܰܪ eye with envy or hatred (e.g. 1 S 18:9 𝔖); cf. De Is);—Pt. fpl. מְשַׂקְּרוֹת עֵינַיִם Is 3:16 ogling of eyes (women of Jerusalem).

שָׁקַר

† [שָׁקַר] vb.denom. do or deal falsely;—
Qal Impf. 2 ms. תִּשְׁקֹר Gn 21:23 thou wilt not do falsely to me (לִי).
Pi. Pf. 1 pl. שִׁקַּ֫רְנוּ ψ 44:18; Impf. 3 ms. יְשַׁקֵּר 1 S 15:29; 3 mpl. יְשַׁקֵּ֑רוּ Is 63:8, etc.;—deal falsely 1 S 15:29; Is 63:8, c. ב pers. Lv 19:11 (‖ כחשׁ); c. ב rei ψ 44:18; 89:34.

שׁקר

שׁקר (√ of following; deceive; Aramaic שְׁקַר deceive, also n. deceit, ܫܰܩܰܪ Pa. deceive, and deriv.; Assyrian taškirtu (Dl-gir-] a lie, so NH שֶׁקֶר, Arabic سُقَرٌ and شُقَرٌ (loan-word?)).

שֹׁ֫קֶת

† שֹׁ֫קֶת [שֵׁ֫קֶת] n. f. watering - trough (Ges^{§ 95 f} Ba^{ZMG xii (1887), 605}; Arabic سَاقِيَةٌ irrigating canal, سِقَايَةٌ watering-place, drinking vessel);—abs. הַשּׁ׳ Gn 24:20 (J); pl. cstr. שִׁקֲתוֹת הַמַּיִם 30:38 (J).

שֹׁקֶת

שֹׁקֶת, שִׁקֲתוֹת v. שׁקה.

שַׂר

שַׂר v. שׂרר.

שֹׁר

שֹׁר v. שׁרר.

שַׂר²

שַׂר₄₂₀ n.m. chieftain, chief, ruler, official, captain, prince (NH especially of angels; Assyrian šarru, king);—abs. שַׂר 2 S 3:38 +, הַשַּׂר Mi 7:3 +, שָׂ֑ר Ho 3:4 +; cstr. שַׂר Ju 4:2 +; sf. שַׂרְכֶם Dn 10:21; pl. שָׂרִים 1 K 4:2 +; cstr. שָׂרֵי Gn 12:15 +; sf. שָׂרַי Ju 5:15; Is 10:8, שָׂרֵיכֶם Je 44:21, שָׂרֵיהֶם Is 3:4 +;—
1. chieftain, leader: a. pl. of Isr. Nu 21:18 (poem in JE; ‖ נְדִיב הָעָם), of Issachar Ju 5:15 (poem); שָׂרֵי גִלְעָד 10:18 is dub. (we should expect וְשׂ׳, and cf. זִקְנֵי ג׳, instead, 11:5—11); of Midian 7:25; 8:3; Philistines 1 S 29:3^(×2), 4^(×2), 9 (appar. = סְרָנִים v 2, 6, 7 [We], yet disting. by HPS and [with reserve] Bu; 𝔊 𝔖 𝔙 Th Bu del. in v 4b), cf. 18:30; poet., of כְּמוֹשׂ (i.e. the leading Moabites) Je 48:7, of מלכם (q.v.; i.e. the leading Ammonites) Am 1:15 = Je 49:3. b. sg. David as leader of freebooters 1 S 22:2; cf. שׂ׳ גְּדוּד 1 K 11:24, pl. 2 S 4:2.
2. vassal, noble, official, under king (acting, on occasion, as counsellor, commander, etc.): a. pl., in Egypt Gn 12:15 (J) + 3 times Is + 30:4 Di Du Skinner (> of foreign embassy [cf. ‖ מַלְאָכָיו] Che al. reading [Che^Heb.Hpt. Marti] שָׂרִים), 105:22; Moab Nu 22:8 + 8 times 22, 23 (JE), Am 2:3; Edom Is 34:12 (‖ חֹרִים); As. 10:8; 31:9; Bab. 21:5 + 7 times Je + 2 Ch 32:31 (but here perhaps vaguely = authorities); other nations Je 49:38 + 17 times Ezr Est; in gen. Is 49:7; officials, officials class, under kings of Israel: David (only Chr) 1 Ch 22:17 + 5 times 1 Ch, Ezr 8:20; Sol. 1 K 4:2; Jehoiachin 2 K 24:12, 14; Zedek. Je 34:21; 2 Ch 36:18; other kings 19 times 2 Chr; in gen. Ec 10:16, 17; see also (Judah) Je 1:18 + 31 times Je (17:25a del. שׂ׳ Gf Che Gie Du), 4 times La, Ez 17:12, Zp 1:8 (where disting. from בְּנֵי הַמֶּלֶךְ, who are never called שׂ׳); so, in gen., Ne 9:32, 34 Dn 9:6, 8; and (N. Isr.) Ho 3:4 + 6 times Ho. b. as having powers of magistrate Ex 2:14 (E. + שֹׁפֵט); under Moses (over groups of 1000, 100, 50, 10) 18:21 + 7 times 18 (E), Dt 1:15^(×4); later in Judah Ho 5:10 (Now reads שָׂרֵי יִשׂ׳), Is 1:23, cf. 3:4, 14; 32:1; Mi 7:3 (sg.; ‖ שֹׁפֵט), Zp 3:3 (‖ id.), Ez 22:27, cf. Pr 8:16 (‖ נְדִיבִים); 28:2 read perhaps צָרֶיהָ, v. Toy. c. as ruler or magistrate of a district (מְדִינָה), 1 K 20:14, 15, 17, 19 (cf. Est 1:3; 8:9; 9:3, שָׂרֵי עַם וָעָם 3:12). d. as commandant of city, שׂ׳ הָעִיר Ju 9:30, cf. 1 K 22:26 = 2 Ch 18:25, 2 K 23:8; 2 Ch 34:8; of citadel, שׂ׳ הַבִּירָה Ne 7:2; pl. of city officials, שׂ׳ סֻכּוֹת Ju 8:6, 14 (disting. from זְקֵנִים), cf. 2 K 10:1; 2 Ch 29:20.
3. specif. military, = captain, general: a. שַׂר־(ה)צבא Gn 21:22, 32 (E), 26:26 (J), 1 S 12:9 + 23 times, + שׂ׳־צ׳־י׳ Jos 5:14, 15 (JE; צָבָא 1 b), angel-captain in vision; v. also 8, 9; שָׂרֵי הַצּ׳ 1 K 1:25 + 3 times Chr, שָׂרִים בַּצּ׳ 1 Ch 12:22 (Gi Baer; van d. H. v 21); שָׂרֵי צְבָאוֹת Dt 20:9; 1 K 2:5; 1 Ch 27:3; שַׂר־הַחַ֫יִל 2 S 24:2 (but read וְאֶל־שָׂרֵי as 𝔊L and ‖ 1 Ch 21:2 Th We Dr HPS Bu), שָׂרֵי (הַ)ח׳ v 4^(×2), 2 K 9:5; 2 Ch 33:14; Ne 2:9, שָׂרֵי הַחֲיָלִים 1 K 15:20 = 2 Ch 16:4; 2 K 25:23; 26 Je 40:7, 13 + 7 times Je; שָׂרֵי מִלְחָמוֹת 2 Ch 32:6; so (ה)שׂר alone 2 S 18:5; 19:7 1 K 9:22 = 2 Ch 8:9 𝔊^B Be Kit (שָׂרָיו וְשָׁלִישָׁיו, for MT שָׂרֵי שׂ׳), 2 K 9:5^(×2); 1 Ch 11:6, 21 + 9 times, + Jb 39:25 Dn 11:5; שׂ׳ וְגָדוֹל 2 S 3:38 (of Abner); poss. military fig. also in שַׂר שָׁלוֹם Is 9:5 (Mess. name). b. leading companies of 50 2 K 1:9—14; Is 3:3, of 100; 1 S 22:7 + 16 times + 8:12 (reading מֵאוֹת for חֲמִשִּׁים 𝔊 HPS, cf. We; Bu ins. שָׂרֵי מֵאוֹת), of 1000; 1 S 17:18 + 11 times, + שָׂרֵי הָאֲלָפִים וְהַמֵּאוֹת 1 Ch 13:1 26:26 (disting. from שָׂרֵי הַצָּבָא), 27:1; 29:6; 2 Ch 1:2; also שׂ׳ הָרֶכֶב captain of the chariotry 1 K 22:31, 32, 33 = 2 Ch 18:30, 31, 32 + 3 times + שָׂרֵי ר׳ וּפָרָשָׁיו 1 K 9:22 = 2 Ch 8:9.
4. a. chief, head, of other official classes: שַׂר הַטַּבָּחִים, Egypt, Gn 37:36 + 5 times; שָׂרֵי הָרָצִים 1 K 14:27 = 2 Ch 12:10; שָׂרֵי הַנִּצָּבִים 1 K 5:30; 9:23 = 2 Ch 8:10; even domestic positions (court of Pharaoh), שַׂר הַמַּשְׁקִים Gn 40:2 + 5 times, שַׂר הָאוֹפוֹת 40:2 + 4 times (all E); שָׂרֵי הַמַּהְלְקוֹת 1 Ch 28:1, i.e. of the successive courses of royal military officials; cf. הַשַּׂר 27:28; שַׂר הַסָּרִיסִים Dn 1:7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 18; שַׂר מְנוּחָה Je 51:59. b. = overseer: שַׂר בֵּית הַסֹּהַר Gn 39:21, 23, שָׂרֵי מִקְנֶה 47:6 (all J; cf. אַבִּיר הָרֹעִים 1 S 21:8), שָׂרֵי מִסִּים Ex 1:11 (J); cf. 1 Ch 15:27; 29:6; 27:31; 28:1.—In 1 Ch 15:22 read prob. סַר הַמַּשָּׂא (= שַׂר) overseer of the carrying (for MT בְּמַשָּׂא יָסֹר בַּמַּשָּׂא), so 𝔊 Benz Kit, Be יָסֹר = יָשׂר; v. another view יָסַר Qal.
5. of religious office: שָׂרֵי הַכֹּהֲנִים Ezr 8:24, 29; 10:5 2 Ch 36:14; שׂ׳ הַלְוִיִּם 1 Ch 15:16, 22 2 Ch 35:9, cf. 1 Ch 15:5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10; heads of classes or courses of priests, called שָׂרֵי קֹדֶשׁ 1 Ch 24:5, שׂ׳ אֱלֹהִים v 5;—שָׂרֵי ק׳ Is 43:28 (usually consecrated princes, whether priests, or kings, or both) is prob. corrupt, read perhaps שַׁעֲרֵי (Du) or וַיְחַלְּלוּ שָׂרֶיךָ קָדְשִׁי 𝔊 Houb Klo Che^Hpt Gr (substantially).
6. late, of representative leaders of people, tribal heads, שׂ׳ שִׁבְטֵי יִשׂ׳ 1 Ch 27:22; 29:6, cf. 28:1; appar. = elders, שׂ׳ הָעָם Ez 11:1; 2 Ch 24:23; שׂ׳ alone, ψ 68:28^(×3); in post-exilic Jerus. Ezr 9:1; 2 Ne 4:10; 10:1; 11:1 (שָׂרֵי הָעָם), + elders Ezr 10:8, 14; called שָׂרֵי יְהוּדָה Ne 12:31, 32; of district-rulers 3:9, 12, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19; of heads of families, שָׂרֵי הָאָבוֹת Ezr 8:29; 1 Ch 29:6 (= רָאשֵׁי הָא׳ 24:31; 27:1; Ne 7:70).
7. late, as term of rank and dignity, Is 23:8 (cf. ‘merchant-princes’), Jb 3:15; 29:9 (‖ נְגִידִים), 34:19 ψ 45:17; 82:7; 148:11, opp. עבד(ים) Pr 19:10; Ec 10:7; formidable foes ψ 119:23, 161.
8. = patron-angel, only Dn: פָּרַס (מַלְכוּת) שַׂר 10:13, 20, שׂ׳ יָוָן v 20; specif. of מִיכָאֵל v 13, 21; 12:1.
9. שַׂר־הַצָבָא 8:11 = God (prob., cf. צָבָא 1 c; yet v. also צ׳ 1 b), so שַׂר שָׂרִים v 25.

שֹׁר²

† [שֹׁר] n.[m.] navel-string (cf. Aramaic שׁוּרָא Ez 16:4 𝔗, ܫܶܪܳܐ, Arabic سُرٌّ, all id.);—sf. לֹא כָרַּת שָׁרֵּךְ Ez 16:4 (Ges^{§ 22 s} Kö ^{ii. 1. 45}) thy navel-string was not cut; questioned are: שָׁרֶּ֑ךָ Pr 3:8 (De al. navel, synechd. for body, ‖ עַצְמוֹתֶיךָ; 𝔊 τῷ σώματί σου, cf. 𝔖, Clericus Bi Frankenberg בְּשָֽׂרְךָ, Ew Hi Kmp al. שְׁאֵרְךָ, Toy either); שָׁרְרֵךְ Ct 7:3 (𝔊 ὀμφαλός σου; ‖ בִּטְנֵךְ), = שָׁרֵּךְ Thes al.; now often interpreted as = vulυa, cf. Arabic سِرٌّ secret part, Hi Stickel Buhl Öttli, noticed also by Thes, but Arabism dub., v. Bu.

שַׂרְאֶ֫צֶר

† שַׂרְאֶ֫צֶר n.pr.m. in Assyrian (Bab.) (van d. H. שׂ׳, but v. Baer, and Str^{ZMG xxxiii (1879), 302}; in Assyrian perhaps [Ašur, Běl, or Nergal] šar-uṣur, […] protect the king! COT 2 K 19:37; Σαρασα(ρ));—
1. son of Sennah., 2 K 19:37 = Is 37:38 (Schr^{COT l.c.} Wkl^{KAT 3, 84} Stevenson^{HastDict. Bib. iv.476}).
2. a returned exile Zc 7:2 (Stevenson^{ib. 477}).—cf. also נֵרְגַּל שׂ׳ p. 669.

שַׁרְאֶ֫צֶר

שַׁרְאֶ֫צֶר n.pr.m. v. שַׂרְאֶ֫צֶר.

שָׁרָב

† שָׁרָב n.m.
1. burning heat;
2. parched ground;—only abs.: וְלֹא יַכֵּם שׁ׳ וָשָׁ֑מֶשׁ Is 49:10; of ground, הַשּׁ׳ Is 35:7 (‖ צִמָּאוֹן).

שׁרב

שׁרב (√ of foll., parch; NH שָׁרַב be scorched (by sun), שָׁרָב parching heat (of sun); Ecclus 43:22 דשן שרב parched grass; Aramaic שְׁרַב, שְׁרֵיב, ܫܪܰܒ, ܫܪܶܒ be parched, שְׁרַב heat, drought: cf. prob. also Assyrian n.pr. div. Šarrabu (-pu) Zim^{KAT 3, 415}; > cp. Arabic سَرَابٌ mirage (Rob^{BR i. 42}] Ges Is 35, 7 al.; see against this especially Che^{Introd. Is. 269}).

שֵׁרֵֽבְיָה

† שֵׁרֵֽבְיָה n.pr.m. a Levite with Ezra (? י׳ hath sent burning heat; or cp. Syriac ܫܪܒ Pa. propagavit);—Σαραβια(ς): Ezr 8:18, 24; Ne 8:7; 9:4, 5; 10:13; 12:8, 24.

שַׁרְבִֿיט

† שַׁרְבִֿיט n.m. sceptre (expanded from foreg., Ges^{§ 85 w});—only Est: abs. הַשּׁ׳ 5:2; cstr. שׁ׳ הַוָּהָב 4:11; 5:2; שַׁרְבִט הַוּ׳ 8:4.

שַׁרְבִֿיט²

שַׁרְבִֿיט v. שׁבט.

שָׂרַג

† [שָׂרַג] vb.
Pu. be intertwined (Talm. סָרַג Pi. enmesh, weave around; Aramaic ܣܪܰܓ intertwine, involve, סְרַג entwine; Arabic شَرَجَ set in order, join, weave, mix);—Impf. 3 mpl. יְשׂרָ֑גוּ Jb 40:17 are intertwined (of sinews of hippopot.).
Hithp. Impf. 3 mpl. יִשְׂתָּֽרְגוּ La 1:14 they intertwine themselves (fig. of פְּשָׁעַי).

שְׂרָד

† שְׂרָד n.[m.] perhaps Aramaic plaited or braided work (cf. then Aramaic סְרָדָא lattice-work, net-work (=BH מִכְבָּר), textile stuff, curtain (= BH קְלָעִים), סַרְדוּתָא plaited or braided work; NH סָרָד plaiter, סָרִיד, סָרוּד woven-work; Hom^{ZMG xliv (1890), 548} cp. Bab. šardu, thong);—always abs.: בִּגְדֵי (הַ)שׂ׳ Ex 31:10; 35:19; 39:1, 41 (all P; all + ב׳ הַקֹּדֶשׁ, and last three + לְשָׁרֵת בַּקֹּדֶשׁ); 𝔊 31:10 τ. στολὰς τ. λειτουργικάς (cf. 39:1 [B v 13, 𝔊L v 11]).

שֶׂ֫רֶד

† שֶׂ֫רֶד n.[m.] from context, a marking-tool for wood, stylus (so Thes al.; connexion with above √ dub.; Lewy^{Fremdw. 57 f.} cp. σάρδιον as gem used in gem-cutting);—יְתָֽאֲרֵהוּ בַּשֶּׂרֶד Is 44:13.

שָׂרַד

† I. [שָׂרַד] vb. escape (شَرَدَ take fright, shy (of camel or house), run away; Aramaic ܣܪܰܕ be terrified, ܣܪܺܝܕܳܐ survivor);—
Qal Pf. 3 pl. שָֽׂרְדוּ Jos 10:20 (JE; c. מִן pers.), Benn del. as dittogr.

שׂרד

II. שׂרד (√ of foll., plait, braid? (Lag^{BN175 ff.} thinks שׂ׳ Avestan loan-word)).

שֵׁרָה

שֵׁרָה bracelet, v. שׁרר.

שָׂרָה

שָׂרָה n.f. et pr. v. sub שׂרר.

שָׁרָה

I. שָׁרָה vb. let loose (NH id., dissolve; Assyrian šarû, Pi. open (building, for use), dedicate it; tašr̂tu, dedication; Old Aramaic שרה loose, so Aramaic שְׁרָא, ܫܪܳܐ; Ethiopic ሰረየ; remit, condone);—
Qal Impf. 3 ms. sf. יִשְׁרֵ֫הוּ Jb 37:3 he (God) lets it loose (i.e. the thunder).
Pi. Pf. 1 s. sf. שֵׁרִיתִ֫ךָ Je 15:11 Qr I will set thee free (cf. 40:4 𝔗 𝔖), but dub.; Kt שרותך (i.e. שָׁרוֹתִךָ, √ שׁרר), Thes Gie I vex thee [שַׁרַר = צָרַר, very dub.]; Ew al. RV strengthen thee; this yields best sense, but as Aramaic שׁרר is intrans., read then שֵׁרַרְתִּךָ or הֲשֵׁרוֹתִךָ, Dr; Jerome Rabb read שֵׁרִיתְךָ = שְׁאֵרִיתְךָ thy remnant (AV).

שׂרה

II. שׂרה (√ of foll., = rule? cf. שׂרר).

שׁרה

II. שׁרה (√ of foll.; cf. Arabic ثَرَى be moist; Aramaic תְּרָא, ܬܪܳܐ id.; ܬܶܪܝܳܢܳܐ grape-juice; NH שָׁרָא soften, dissolve; whence foll. proposes = moisture (Di Nu Dr^{§ 178} Paterson Nu^Hpt Gray Nu), and so Assyrian mešru, succulence (Hpt ^Paterson Nu)).

שֵׁרָה²

† [שֵׁרָה] n.[f.] bracelet (Aramaic שֵׁירָא id., ܫܺܐܪܳܐ chain, Gn 24:22 𝔖 𝔗: Arabic سِوَارٌ bracelet, Qor 18:30 [Frä ⁵⁶] is said by Lane ¹⁴⁶⁵ to be from the Persian, and, if Sem., would be from √ سور );—pl. abs. הַשֵּׁרוֹת Is 3:19 (in list of finery).

שָׂרָה²

† I. שָׂרָה vb. persist, exert oneself, persevere (Arabic شَرِىَ persist, persevere);—
Qal Pf. 3 ms. שׂ׳ אֶת־א׳ Ho 12:4 he persevered with God; 2 ms. שָׂרִיתָ עִם־א׳ וְעִם אֲנָשִׁים Gn 32:29 (J).—Ho 12:5 has Impf. וַיָּ֫שַׂר in same meaning, as if from a (non-existent) שׂוּר; < read וַיִּ֫שֶׂר (apoc. from וַיִּשְׂרֶה).—שׂוֹרָה Is 28:25 v. supra, p. 965a.

שׁרה²

III. שׁרה (√ of following; cf. Arabic سِرْوَةٌ, سِرْيَةٌ short dart).

שָׂרָה³

† I. [שָׂרָה] n.f. princess, noble lady;—cstr. שָׂרָ֫תִי (Ges^{§ 90 l}) La 1:1; pl. שָׂרוֹת 1 K 11:3, cstr. id. Est 1:18; sf. שָׂרוֹתֶיהָ Ju 5:29, -תֵיהֶם Is 49:23;—princesses attending Sisera’s mother Ju 5:29; of Sol.’s wives 1 K 11:3, other queens Is 49:23 (‖ מְלָכִים); wives of nobles Est 1:18; fig. of Jerus. La 1:1.

שׁרה³

IV. שׁרה (√ of foll.; meaning dub.; cf. Assyrian siriyâm, body-armour (Inscr. of Sennach.), Aramaic ܫܶܪܝܳܢܳܐ id.; Ecclus 43:20 id.; also Egypt. ṯu-ï̥ra-nḁ, tà-ra-y-na, WMM^{As. u. Eur. 102}).

שָׂרָה⁴

II. שָׂרָה₃₇ n.pr.f. wife of Abraham (princess);—Σαρρα: Gn 17:15 (where formal change from שָׂרַי), v 17, 19, 21; 21:1b, 3; 23:1^(×2), 2^(×2), 19; 25:10, 12; 49:31 (all P), 18:6 + 9 times 18, 21:1a, 2a; 24:36, 67 (all J), 20:2^(×2), 14, 16, 18; 21:6, 7, 9, 12 (all E); an ancestress of Hebrews Is 51:2.

שְׂרוּג

† שְׂרוּג n.pr.m. descendant (i.e. younger branch) of Peleg Gn 11:20, 21, 22, 23 1 Ch 1:26; Σερουχ (𝔊L Ch Σερουγ).

שָׁרוּחֶ֑ן

† שָׁרוּחֶ֑ן n.pr.loc. in Simeon;—Jos 19:6 (𝔊 οἱ ἀγροὶ αὐτῶν,? reading שְׂדֵיַהֶן); WMM^{As. u. Eur. 161, 168} ident. with Egypt. Ša-r(a)-ḥa-na; v. שַׁעֲרַיִם.

שְׂרוֹךְ

† [שְׂרוֹךְ] n.[m.] (sandal-)thong (? from above √, as crossed and twisted over the foot; on vocalization cf. Arabic supra, Ges^{§ 84 a n} Ba^{NB § 42 e});—cstr., שְׂ׳־נַעַל Gn 14:23; Is 5:27.

שָׁרוֹן

† שָׁרוֹן n.pr.loc. Sharon (plausibly connected with √ ישׁר by Thes Ges ¹² al., cf. GASm^{Geogr. 52}; = יְשָׁרוֹן*; Ph. שרן)—strictly n.m. ^{Is 65:10} plain, level;—
1. הַשּׁ׳ (with art.), name of maritime plain on Mediterr., from Joppa northward, noted for fertility, Is 33:9 (‖ בָּשָׁן, כַּרְמֶל; 𝔊 ὁ Σαρων), cf. הֲדַר כַּרְמֶל וְהַשָּׁרוֹן 35:2; 65:10 (‖ עֵמֶק עָכוֹר; 𝔊 τῷ δρυμῷ); חֲבַצֶּלֶת הַשּׁ׳ Ct 2:1 (𝔊 ἄνθος τοῦ πεδίου); הַבָּקָר הָרֹעִים בַּשּׁ׳ 1 Ch 27:29; so also Jos 12:18, where read מֶלֶךְ אֲפֵק לַשּׁ׳ so Di We^{Sam. 55} Ges ¹² after 𝔊, cf. RS^{OTJC 2, 273, 435}.—On this plain v. GASm^{Geogr. 147 ff.} Buhl^{Geogr. § 65}.
2. מִגְרְשֵׁי שָׁרוֹן region E. of Jordan 1 Ch 5:16 (‖ גִּלְעָד, בָּשָׁן; 𝔊 τὰ περίχωρα Τεριαμ, 𝔊 A Σαρων); identified by many with הַמִּישׁוֹר (Dt 3:10).

שָׁרוֹן²

שָׁרוֹן n.pr.loc.

שָׂרוֹנִי

שָׂרוֹנִי adj.gent. of foregoing, 1 Ch 27:29.

שָׁרוֹנִי

שָׁרוֹנִי adj.gent. (†1 Ch 27:29) v. ישׁר.

שׁרות

שׁרות Je 15:11 v. I. שׁרה;

שָׁרוֹתֶיהָ

שָׁרוֹתֶיהָ Je 5:10 v. II. שׁוּר, שׁוּרָה.

שָׁרוֹתַיִךְ

שָׁרוֹתַיִךְ Ez 27:25 v. I. [שׁוּר].

שֶׂ֫רַח

† שֶׂ֫רַח n.pr.f. (cf. Sab. n.pr.m. שרח SabDenkm.^{No. 20, 1. 1, and p. 72}, שרחאל Id.^{No. 13, 1.2.12}, אלשרך DHM^{Epigr. Denkm. Arab. lxxii});—daughter of Asher Gn 46:17; 1 Ch 7:30, שָׂ֑רַח Nu 26:46; Σααρ, Σαρ(ρ)α, etc.; 𝔊^B Nu Καρα.

שֶׂ֫רֶט

† שֶׂ֫רֶט n.[m.] incision;—abs. וְשׂ׳ לָנֶפֶשׁ לֹא תִתְּנוּ בִּבְשַׂרְכֶם Lv 19:28.

שָׂרַט

† [שָׂרַט] vb. incise, scratch (NH id., so Aramaic סְרַט Pa (𝔗 1 S 21:14), ܣܪܰܛ, ܣܪܶܛ, scratch, hence write (= χαράσσω); Assyrian šarâṭu, slit up, rend; Arabic شَرَطَ slit ear of camel, شَرْطٌ, شَرَطٌ, sing, mark (RS^{K 214 f.});—
Qal Impf. 3 mpl. c.acc. cogn. וּבִבְשָׂרָם לֹא יִשְׂרְטוּ שָׂרָ֑טֶת Lv 21:5 shall make no incision; Inf. abs. c.
Niph. Impf. 3 mpl. שָׂרוֹט יִשָּׂרֵ֑טוּ Zc 12:3 those loaded with the stone shall be severely seratched, lacerated.

שִׁרְטַי

שִׁרְטַי 1 Ch 27:29 Qr, v. שִׁטְרַי.

שָׂרֶ֫טֶת

† [שָׂרֶ֫טֶת] n.f. id. (Ba^{§ 93 α β});—שָׂרָ֑טֶת Lv 21:5, v. vb. Qal.

שָׂרַי

שָׂרַי v. sub שׂרר.

שָׁרָ֑י

† שָׁרָ֑י n.pr.m. one with foreign wife Ezr 10:40; Σαριου, א Σαρουε, 𝔊L Σαρουα.

שָׂרַי²

† שָׂרַי n.pr.f. wife of Abram (Nö^{ZMG xiii (1888), 484} Ges^{§ 801} Kö^{ii. 1, 427} make = foregoing, with old fem. ending י—ַ; >Lag^{BN 92, Anm.}*, emphasizing diff. in 𝔊, der.froma √ شرى, and cp. شراة, name of a barren mt.; cf. RS יִשְׂרָאֵל supr., sub I. שׂרה);—𝔊 Σαρα;—Gn 11:30 (J), v 31 (P), 12:5, 11, 17; 16:1, 2, 3, 5, 6^(×2), 8^(×2) (all J), 17:15 (P); שָׂרָ֑י 11:29 (J), 16:2 (J), 17:15 (P).

שָׂרִיג

† [שָׂרִיג] n.m. ^{Gn 40:10} tendril twig (from interlacing; cf. Arabic شَرِيجَةٌ palm-leaf braid, etc.; Ethiopic መሥገርት net (Prä^{BAS i. 371}); Aramaic סְרִיגָא, ܣܪܺܝܓܬܳܐ network, lattice);—of vine, pl. שָׂרִיגִם Gn 40:10, שָׂרִגִים v 12; of fig-tree, sf. שָׂרִיגֶיהָ Jo 1:7.

שָׂרִיד

† I. שָׂרִיד n.m. ^{Je 47:4} survivor (from a defeat, etc.);—abs. שׂ׳ Is 1:9 +; sf. שְׂרִידוֹ Jb 27:15 Kt; pl. שְׂרִידִים Jos 10:20 Jo 3:5; cstr. שְׂרִידֵי Je 31:2; sf. שְׂרִידָיו Ob 14 + Jb 27:15 Qr (van d. H. also Kt);—
1. survivor (often ‖ פָּלִיט): especially עַד בִּלְתִּי הִשְׁאִיר לוֹ שׂ׳ Nu 21:35; Jos 8:22 (both JE), Dt 3:3; Jos 10:33; 11:8; 2 K 10:11 (all D); more simply, לֹא הִשׁ׳ שׂ׳ Dt 2:34; Jos 10:28, 30, 37, 39, 40 (all D); י׳ הוֹתִיר לָנוּ שׂ׳ Is 1:9; לֹא יִהְיֶה שׂ׳ לְ Je 42:17; 44:14 Ob 18; אֵין שׂ׳ Jb 18:19; וְהֶאֱבִיד שׂ׳ מֵעִיר Nu 24:19 (JE); עַם שְׂרִידֵי הָ֑רֶב Je 31:2, pl. also Jos 10:20 (subj. of שָֽׂרְדוּ), Jo 3:5; Ob 14; Jb 27:15 (v. supra); sg. also Ju 5:13 (obscure, for שׂ׳ לְ read perhaps יִשְׂרָאֵל GFM Now cf. Bu), Je 47:4; La 2:22.
2. of things: אֵין שׂ׳ לְאָבְלוֹ Jb 20:21, i.e. nothing has escaped his greed; יֵ֫רַע שׂ׳ בְּאָהֳלוֹ (אֵשׁ) v 26.

שָׂרִיד²

† II. שָׂרִיד n.pr.loc. on border of Zebulun;—עַד־שׂ׳ Jos 19:10 (P; Εσεδεκγωλα, A ἕως Σαρθιδ, 𝔊L Σαρειδ), מִשּׂ׳ v 12 (P; ἀπὸ Σεδδουκ; A Σαριδ).

שִׁרְיָה

† שִׁרְיָה n.f. a weapon, perhaps lance, javelin;—שׁ׳ Jb 41:18 (+ חֶרֶב, חֲנִית, מַסָּע),—yet 𝔊 θώρακα, 𝔙 thorax, i.e. שִׁרְיוֹן.

שְׂרָיָה(וּ)

† שְׂרָיָה(וּ) n.pr.m. (י׳ persisteth Dr^{HastDict. Bib. ii. 530 Jacob});—usually Σαραια(ς);—שְׂרָיָה:
1. secretary of David 2 S 8:17, but 𝔊^B Ασα, ‖ שיא 20:25 Kt (שְׁוָא Qr), שַׁוְשָׁא 1 Ch 18:16 (in both Ἰησοῦς, 𝔊L Σουσα), שִׁישָׁא 1 K 4:3 (Σαβα, A Σεισα, 𝔊L Σαφατ); orig. in all prob. ששא We Dr Klo (Sausa), HPS (שושא), Now, Bu.
2. chief priest 2 K 25:18 = Je 52:24.
3. a captain 2 K 25:23; Je 40:8; 51:59^(×2), 61.
4. a. son of Ḳenaz 1 Ch 4:13, 14. b. name in Simeon v 35. c. Levite name 5:40^(×2).
5. a. companion of Zerub. Ezr 2:2. b. father of Ezra 7:1. c. one sealed Ne 10:3. d. priest 11:11; 12:1, 12.
6. שְׂרָיָהוּ, officer of king Jehoiakim, Je 36:26, τῷ Σαρεα.

שְׂרָיָה(וּ)²

שְׂרָיָה(וּ) v. sub I. שׂרה.

שִׁרְיָה²

שִׁרְיָה v. III. שׁרה.

שִׁרְיוֹן

† שִׁרְיוֹן, שִׁרְיָ֑ן n.[m.] body-armour;—abs. שִׁרְיוֹן 1 S 17:5, 38; שִׁרְיָ֑ן (Ges^{§ 29 u}) 1 K 22:34 = 2 Ch 18:33, שִׁרְיָ֔ן Is 59:17; pl. שִׁרְיֹנִים Ne 4:10, שִׁרְיֹנוֹת 2 Ch 26:14;—body-armour, perhaps more exactly breast-armour, Ne 4:10; with appendages (הַדָּבָקִים) 1 K 22:34 = 2 Ch 18:33; c. vb. לבשׁ 1 S 17:5, made of scale-like plates (קַשְׂקַשִּׂים) of bronze v 5, named with helmet here, so v 38 2 Ch 26:14 and (fig.) Is 59:17.—שׁ׳ n.pr. v. שׂריון.

שִׁרְיוֹן²

שִׁרְיוֹן v. IV. שׁרה.

שִׂרְיֹן

† שִׂרְיֹן -וֹן n.pr.mont. (in Assyrian Sirara COT Dt 3:9; 1 K 5:13 Dl^{Pa 103 f.});—Sidonian name of Ḥermon Dt 3:9 (Σανιωρ); -וֹן ψ 29:6 (+ לְבָנוֹן; van d. H. al. שׂ׳).

שִׁרְיָ֑ן

שִׁרְיָ֑ן v. שִׁרְיוֹן sub IV. שׁרה.

שָׂרִיק

† [שָׂרִיק] adj. carded, combed, of flax;—fpl. פִּשְׁתִּים שְׂרִיקוֹת Is 19:9.

שְׁרִיקָה

† [שְׁרִיקָה] n.[f.] hissing, perhaps also whistling, piping;—pl. abs. (intens.) שְׁרִיקֹת Je 18:16 Qr hissing, in derision, + שַׁמָּה (v. שְׁרֵקָה), Kt שרוקת; cstr. שְׁרִקוֹת עֲדָרִים Ju 5:16 as signal hissings (or whistlings, pipings) for flocks.