Brown-Driver-Briggs Lexicon

עַ֫יִן³ — עָלַץ

עַ֫יִן³

† III. עַ֫יִן n.pr.loc.
1. לָעָ֑יִן, on NE. border of Can. Nu 34:11, 𝔊 ἐπὶ πηγάς.
2. a. in Negeb of Judah Jos 15:32 (+ וְרִמּוֹן), Levit. city 21:16 (but 𝔊B Ασα read עָשָׁן, as 1 Ch 6:44), appar. = b. 19:7 (+ ר׳; assigned to Simeon), וָע׳ ר׳ 1 Ch 4:32 (read prob. וְעֵין ר׳); prob. mod. Umm er-Ramāmīn, c. 18 mils SW. from Hebron, Buhl^Geogr.183.—Vid. עֵין רִמּוֹן.

עֵינוֹן

עֵינוֹן v. חֲצַר עֵינוֹן.

עֵינַ֫יִם

† עֵינַ֫יִם n.pr.loc. (on form v. Ges^{§ 88 c});—Gn 38:14, 21 (J), Αιναν = following.

עֵינָם

† עֵינָם n.pr.loc. in the Shephelah of Judah, הָע׳ Jos 15:34 (Μαιανει, A 𝔊L Ηναειμ) = עֵינַיִם.

עֵינָן

† עֵינָן n.pr.m. Αιναν, name in Naphtali Nu 1:15; 2:29; 7:78, 83; 10:27.—Vid. also חֲצַר עֵינוֹן.

עִיף

I. [עִיף] = II. עוּף q.v. for עֵיפָה, עֵיפַי etc.

עָיֵף

† עָיֵף adj. faint, weary;—ע׳ abs. Gn 25:29 +; f. עֲיֵפָה Je 31:25 +; pl. עֲיֵפִים Ju 8:4 +;—from exertion and hunger Gn 25:29, 30 (J), Ju 8:4, 5; Dt 25:18 (+ יָגֵעַ), cf. Is 5:27, הָנִיחוּ לֶע׳ 28:12 (fig.), 2 S 16:14 (si vera l., n.pr.loc. needed, cf. We Dr HPS); + רָעֵב, צָמֵא 17:29; specif. from thirst Is 29:8 (sim.), Jb 22:7, נֶפֶשׁ ע׳ Pr 25:25 and (fig.) Je 31:25 (‖ דָּֽאֲבָה); hence אֶרֶץ צִיָּה וְעָיֵף ψ 63:2 (fig., on masc. v. Kö^{Synt.§ 334 f.}), cf. 143:6 (sim.), Is 32:2 (opp. צֵל, in sim.); ע׳ sc. beast 46:1.—Vid. also foregoing.

עִיף²

† II. [עִיף] vb. be faint (cf. Syriac ܥܳܦ 3, PS²⁸³⁵; ‖ form of יעף q.v.; occurrences dub.);—
Qal Pf. 3 fs. עָֽיְפָה נַפְשִׁי לְ Je 4:31 (? read עֲיֵפָה); Impf. 3 ms. וַיָּ֫עַף Ju 4:21 (< וְיָעֵף GFM Bu), 1 S 14:28 (del. We Bu Kit Löhr, emend. HPS), v 31 (read וַיִּעַף [√ יעף] Buhl HPS), 2 S 21:15 (corrupt, HPS; for Philist. name We Dr Bu Kit).

עֵיפָה

† I. עֵיפָה n.f. darkness;—עֹשֵׂה שַׁחַר עֵיפָה Am 4:13; אֶרֶץ עֵפָ֫תָה Jb 10:22 (Ges^{§ 90 g}; ‖ צַלְמָוֶת).

עֵיפָה²

† II. עֵיפָה n.pr.
1. gent. ‘son’ of Midian Gn 25:4 (J) = 1 Ch 1:33, cf. Is 60:6, 𝔊 Γαφερ, Γεφαρ, Γαιφα(ρ).
2. m. name in Judah 1 Ch 2:47, 𝔊 Γαιφα.
3. f. concubine of Caleb 1 Ch 2:46, 𝔊 Γαιφαηλ, A Γαιφα ἡ, 𝔊 L Γαιφα.

עיר

עיר (√ of foll.; cf. Arabic عير, عَارَ go away, go hither and thither, escape through sprightliness, whence عَيْرٌ ass, especially wild ass De Jb (2), 149 Hom^{NS 121—123}).

עִיר

† I. עִיר n.[m.] agitation;—of terror, ע׳ וּבֶהָלוֹת Je 15:8; of rage (si vera l.), לֹא אָבוֹא בְּעִיר Ho 11:9, but St proposes לְבָעֵר cf. We Oort Now GASm.—בָּעִיר ψ 73:20 v. עור Hiph.—ii, iii. עִיר v. p. 746 infr.

עַ֫יִר

† עַ֫יִר n.m. ^{Gn 32:16} male ass (young and vigorous);—pl. וַעְיָרִם Gn 32:16 (E); sf. עִירֹה 49:11 (poem; ‖ בְּנִי אֲתֹנוֹ); cstr. עַיִר פֶּרֶא (Ges^{§ 131 c N. 2}; or appos. Kö^{Synt.§ 333 s} Di al.) Jb 11:12 wild ass’s colt; pl. עֲיָרִים, for riding Ju 10:4a (v 4 b see ii. עִיר), עֲיָרִם 12:14, sg. abs. עַיִר Zc 9:9; עֲיָרִים for carrying Is 30:6 Qr (Kt עורים), עֲיָרִם for tillage v 24.

עִיר הַהֶרֶס

עִיר הַהֶרֶס v. הֶרֶס.

עִיר הַתְּמָרִים

עִיר הַתְּמָרִים (city of palms) = יְרִיחוֹ q.v.

עִיר נָחָשׁ

עִיר נָחָשׁ as n.pr.m. v. ii. נָחָשׁ.

עִיר שָׁ֑מֶשׁ

† עִיר שָׁ֑מֶשׁ n.pr.loc. (city of the sun(-god)), assigned to Dan Jos 19:41 (P), = בֵּית שׁ׳ q.v.; πόλεις Σαμμαυς, A 𝔊L πόλις Σαμες.

עִיר־הַמֶּ֫לַח

† עִיר־הַמֶּ֫לַח n.pr.loc. (city of salt) in desert of Judah, Jos 15:62 (P; + Ên-gedi), πόλεις Σαδων (A 𝔊L [τῶν] ἁλῶν); site unknown.

עִיר²

I. עִיר v. sub I. עור.

עִיר³

II. עִיר₁₀₉₂ n.f. Gn 10:12 (Albrecht^{ZAW xvi. 49 f.}) city, town (√ unkn.; NH id.;? Ph. ער Lzb³⁴⁵; Sab. ער fortified height (cf. 3) Prä^{ZMG xxvi (1872), 437}, ערן, עהרן city CIS^{iv. pp. 94, 95, 173});—ע׳ abs. Gn 4:17 +, cstr. 24:10 +; הָעִ֫ירָה 1 K 14:12 + 7 times; sf. עִירִי 2 S 19:38 + 2 times, etc.; pl. עָרִים Is 6:11 +, עֲיָרִים Ju 10:4 (textual error, or word-play, cf. GFM); cstr. עָרֵי Gn 19:29 +; sf. עָרַי Zc 1:17, עָרֵיכֶם Is 1:7 +, etc.;—
1. city, town, abode of men Gn 4:17 (J) and often; גְּדֹלָה 10:12 (J), +, or קְטַנָּה Ec 9:14 (cf. Gn 19:20); especially a. fortified: עָרִים בְּצֻרוֹת 2 S 20:6 +, etc., v. בָּצַר, מִבְצָר; עִיר מִבְצַר־צֹר Jos 19:29 (P) fortified city (of) Tyre, ע׳ מָצוֹר ψ 31:22 +, etc., v. מָצוֹר, מְצוּרָה sub צוּר (Mi 7:12 v. מָצוֹר p. 596 a); ע׳ עָז־לָנוּ Is 26:1, עָרֵי מָעוּזּוֹ 17:9; ע׳ דְּלָתַים וּבְרִיחַ 1 S 23:7; ע׳ חוֹמָה Lv 25:29, cf. v 30 (P), 1 K 4:13; on Ho 10:14 v. i. עַם 2 b (1 S 9:14 read הַשַּׁעַר 𝔊 We Dr al.). b. opp. כֹּפֶר הַפְּרָוִי 1 S 6:18, עָרֵי הַפּ׳ Dt 3:5, ע׳ הַפְּרָזוֹת Est 9:19; disting. from dependencies חֲצֵרִים Jos 13:23 + often P c. עָרֶיהָ are dependent towns Jos 13:17 (P), Je 19:15. †d. עָרֵי הַמַּמְלָכָה Jos 10:2 (JE) royal cities (i.e. with a king, cf. Tel Am. al šarri;), so sg. 1 S 27:5, opp. עָרֵי הַשָּׂדֶה v 5 rural towns; ע׳ הַמְּלוּכָה 2 S 12:26 (but read ע׳ הַמַּיִם We Bu Kit Löhr HPS, v. 2 infr.). †e. עָרֵי מִסְכְּנוֹת Ex 1:11 storage-cities, so 1 K 9:19 = 2 Ch 8:6; 2 Ch 8:4; 17:12; for מ׳ ע׳ נַפְתָּלִי 16:4 read prob. כִּנְרוֹת עַל־וגו׳ (as 1 K 15:20; Be Kit Buhl); cf. ע׳ הָרֶכֶב 1 K 9:19; 10:26 = 2 Ch 8:6; 9:25; 2 Ch 1:14; ע׳ הַפָּרָשִׁים 1 K 9:19 = 2 Ch 8:6. †f. ע׳ (הַ)מִקְלָט (P) asylum-cities Nu 35:11, 13, 14; Jos 20:2, cf. Nu 35:25, 26, 27, 28, 32, ע׳ לְמִקְלָט v 12; ע׳ מִקְלַט הָרֹצֵחַ Jos 21:13 + 4 times 21. g. ע׳ (הָ)אֱלֹהִים = Jerus.: ψ 46:5; 87:3, cf. 48:2, 9; ע׳ י׳ Is 60:14 ψ 101:8; ע׳ י׳ צְבָאוֹת 48:9. h. city = inhabitants 1 S 4:13; 5:12; Is 22:2 Ru 1:19, so 2 S 20:22 (reading הָעִיר for MT הָעָם) 𝔊 We Dr al. (cf. also foll.). i. combinations are: ע׳ רֹכְלִים Ez 17:4 city of merchants; ע׳ מוֹשָׁב ψ 107:4, 7, 36 city for dwelling; especially of character or condition: †ע׳ הַצֶּדֶק Is 1:26, †ע׳ הָאֱמֶת Zc 8:3; †ע׳ הַקֹּדֶשׁ Is 48:2; 52:1 Ne 11:1, 18, cf. Dn 9:24, all of Jerus.; עָרֵי קָדְשֶׁ֑ךָ Je 5:17 of Judaean cities; of foreign cities, ע׳ תְּהִלָּה Je 49:25, הַהֻלָּלָה הָע׳ Ez 26:17, הָע׳ הָעַלִּיזָה Zp 2:15; of Jerus. also הָע׳ הַיּוֹנָה Zp 3:1 oppressive city, ע׳ (הַ)דָּמִים bloody city Ez 22:2; 24:6, 9 and (of Nineveh) Na 3:1.
2. of fortress in a city especially עִיר דָּוִד 2 S 5:7, 9; 6:10 + often (v. דָּוִד); ע׳ בֵּית הַבָּ֑עַל 2 K 10:25 (crpt.; Klo proposes דְּבִיר for ע׳, cf. Kmp Benz Kit); ע׳ הַמַּיִם 2 S 12:27 (so read also v 26, see 1 d).
3. appar. fortified place, of any size, בְּכָל־עָרֵיהֶם מִמִּגְדַּל נוֹצְרִים עַד־ עִיר מִבְצָר 2 K 17:9 = 18:8; cf. Nu 13:9 (P; but on comp. of ver. see Di); perhaps also ע׳ עֲמָלֵק 1 S 15:5 (HPS).—Ho 7:4 v. I. עור Hiph.

עִיר⁴

† III. עִיר n.pr.m. in בְּנֵי ע׳ 1 Ch 7:12, text dub., v. Be Kau.

עִירָא

† עִירָא n.pr.m. (v. Sab. n.pr.m. עיר Hal¹⁶⁹);—
1. כֹּהֵן (q.v. 1) of David 2 S 20:26; on poss. ident. with 2 b v. Th Klo HPS, opp. We Dr; Ειρας, 𝔊L Ιωδαε.
2. heroes of David (Ειρας, etc., 𝔊L Ιδαε, Οιαδ, etc.): a. 2 S 23:26 = 1 Ch 11:28; 1 Ch 27:9. b. 2 S 23:38 = 1 Ch 11:40.

עִירָד

† עִירָד n.pr.m. a Cainite Gn 4:18^(×2) Γαιδαδ.

עִירוּ

† עִירוּ n.pr.m. in Judah 1 Ch 4:15, Ηρ(α).

עִירִי

† עִירִי n.pr.m. Benjamite 1 Ch 7:7, Ουρ(ε)ι.

עִירָם

† עִירָם n.pr.m. in Edom Gn 36:43 = 1 Ch 1:54, Ζαφω(ε)ιν (A Gn Ηραμ).

עֵירֹם

† עֵירֹם, עֵרֹם adj. and n.[m.] 1. naked; 2. nakedness ( √ עור Ew ^{423, 426} Ges^{§ 85 t} Sta^{§§ 295, 327 a}; > √ ערם (not Heb. in this sense) Ba^{NB § 27 g} Kö^{ii. 84, 120});—abs. עֵירֹם Gn 3:10, 11 + 4 times, עֵרֹם Ez 16:7 + 2 times Ez; pl. עֵירֻמִּים Gn 3:7;—
1. adj. naked Gn 3:7, 10, 11 (all pred.); as subst. concr. Ez 18:7, 16.
2. n.abstr. nakedness Dt 28:48; ע׳ וְעֶרְיָה nakedness and bareness (= naked and bare, of personified Jerusalem), Ez 16:7, 22, 39; 23:29.

עֵירֹם²

עֵירֹם v. II. עור.

עַ֫יִשׁ

† עַ֫יִשׁ n.f. a constellation, perhaps Great Bear (cf. especially Di) (point perhaps עִיֻּשׁ (v. Bu and reff.), cf. Syriac ܥܺܝܽܘܬܳܐ PS²⁸⁶⁶, ܥܝܽܘܬܳܐ Brock., name of a star);—וְע׳ עַל־בָּנֶיהָ Jb 38:32 = עָשׁ 9:9 (both + כִּימָה, כְּסִיל etc.).

עַיָּת

עַיָּת n.pr.loc. v. עַי.

עַכְבּוֹר

† עַכְבּוֹר, עַכְבֹּר n.pr.m. (mouse, cf. עַכְבָּר, v. Gray^{Prop. N. 93}; עכבר OH and Ph. as n.pr. Lzb ³⁴⁰ (cf. also on simil. Lat. n.pr. Cl-Gann^{JAs 1883, Fev.—Mar. 128}));—𝔊 Αχοβωρ:
1. Edomite Gn 36:38, 39 (P) = עַכְבֹּר 1 Ch 1:49 (Baer Ginsb).
2. courtier of Josiah 2 K 22:12, 14, perhaps also Je 26:22; 36:12 (cf. Gie and Ency. Bib.).

עַכָּבִישׁ

† עַכָּבִישׁ n.m. spider (𝔗 עַכּוּבִיתָא, עַכָּבִיתָא; whence Arabic عَنْكَبُوتٌ as loan-wd.; NH עַכְשׁוּב prob. tarantula, according to Levy^{NHWB iii. 648});—בֵּית ע׳ Jb 8:14 i.e. web, so prob. 27:18 (reading ע׳ for MT עָשׁ); cf. קוּרֵי ע׳ Is 59:5 filaments of a spider.

עַכְבָּר

† עַכְבָּר n.m. ^{1 S 6:4} mouse (NH id.; Aramaic עַכְבְּרָא; Syriac (in Lexx) ܥܽܘܩܒܪܳܐ, ܐܰܓܒܪܳܐ (PS²²); Arabic عَكَابِرُ pl. mares murum Frey (Kam.), cf. also Hom^{AS 338}; Arabic of jerboa RS^{K 302}; v. Tristr^{NHB 122} FFP^{10 ff.});—abs. הָע׳ unclean Lv 11:29 (H), Is 66:17 (cf. RS^{Sem i. 275, 2nd ed. 293}); pl. cstr. עַכְבְּרֵי (ה)זָהָב 1 S 6:4, 11, 18; sf. צַלְמֵי עַכְבְּרֵיכֶם v 5.

עַכּוֹ

† עַכּוֹ n.pr.loc. Ακχω, Acco, in Asher, Ju 1:31, + Jos 19:30 (P), reading ע׳ for MT עֻמָּה, Di Kau Benn Ency. Bib., after 𝔊 Codd.; a seaport N. of Carmel (= Acre, Ptolemais), mod. ʿAkka, cf. Buhl^{Geogr. 228} (Egyptian ʿA-ka, ’Ακη WMM^{As. u. Eur. 181}; Assyrian Akkû, COT^Gloss, TelAm. Ak-ka).

עָכוֹר

† עָכוֹר n.[m.] disturbance, trouble, only in עֵמֶק ע׳ valley of trouble, W. or SW. from Jericho Jos 7:24, 26 (JE; name explained), on border of Judah 15:7 (P), cf. Ho 2:17; Is 65:10; on identif. cf. especially Di Jos 7:24 Buhl^{Geogr. 98}; Εμεκαχωρ, φάραγξ (or κοίλας) Αχωρ.

עֲכָיָה

† עֲכָיָה n.pr.m. Ne 8:4; 10:23, Ανανια(ς).

עכן

עכן (√ of foll.; meaning unknown).

עָכָן

† עָכָן n.pr.m. man of Judah;—Jos 7:1 (P), v 18, 19, 20, 24 (JE), 22:20 (P); = עָכָר 1 Ch 2:7 (from עָבוֹר Jos 7:26, v. also עָכָר); Αχαρ, Αχαν.

עכס

עכס (√ of foll.; Arabic عَكَسَ is reverse, tie backward, whence عِكَاسٌ hobble, of camel).

עֶ֫כֶס

† [עֶ֫כֶס] n.[m.] anklet, bangle;—pl. abs. הָעֲכָסִים Is 3:18 bangles, anklets (as ornaments); for sg. abs. ע׳ Pr 7:22 read עֵגֶל Toy.

עָכַס

† [עָכַס] vb. denom.
Pi. shake bangles, rattle, tinkle;—Impf. 3 fpl. וּבְרַגְלֵיהֶם תְּעַכַּסְנָה Is 3:16 and with their feet they rattle their bangles.

עַכְסָה

† עַכְסָה n.pr.f. daughter of Caleb Jos 15:16, 17 (JE) = Ju 1:12, 13; 1 Ch 2:49, Ασχα, Αχσα, Αζα, Οξα.

עָכַר

† עָכַר vb. stir up, disturb, trouble (NH id., make turbid; Arabic عَكِرَ be turbid);—
Qal Pf. 3 ms. ע׳ 1 S 14:29; 2 ms. sf. עֲכַרְתָּ֔נִי Jos 7:25, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. sf. יַעְכָּרְךָ v 25; Pt. עֹכֵר 1 K 18:17 + 3 times, עוֹכֵר 1 Ch 2:7; pl. sf. עֹכְרָ֑י Ju 11:35;—disturb, trouble, c. acc. pers. Gn 34:30 (J), Jos 6:18; 7:25^(×2) (all JE; v 25b subj. י׳), Ju 11:35; cf. Pr 11:17 (opp. גֹּמֵל), v 29; 15:27 (opp. חָיָה); ע׳ יִשְׂרָאֵל 1 K 18:17, 18; 1 Ch 2:7 (cf. Jos 6:18 etc., supr.); ע׳ אֶת־הָאָרֶץ 1 S 14:29.
Niph. Pf. 3 ms. וּכְאֵבִי נֶעְכָּ֑ר ψ 39:3 my pain was stirred up; Pt. f. נֶעְכָּ֑רֶת Pr 15:6 usually as n. abstr. disturbance, calamity, but < read וּתְבוּאַת רָשָׁע נִכְרָ֑ת[ה] the income of the wicked is cut off (Toy).

עָכָר

עָכָר n.pr.m. v. עָכָן.

עָכְרָן

† עָכְרָן n.pr.m. name in Asher Nu 1:13; 2:27; 7:72, 77; 10:26; Εχραν.

עַכְשׁוּב

† עַכְשׁוּב n.m. usually asp, viper (so 𝔊 𝔙; perhaps conject. from sense and ‖ נָחָשׁ), but perhaps = (? crpt. for) עַכָּבִישׁ spider (q.v.; cf. 𝔗^{ad loc.});—חֲמַת ע׳ ψ 140:4 a viper’s (? spider’s) venom is under their lips (v. especially Che and reff.).

עַל

עַל v. עלה.

עֹל

עֹל v. III. עלל.

עַל־מוּת

עַל־מוּת, עַל־מוּת, לַבֵּן v. עַלְמָה, II. עלם.

עַל²

עַל, עָ֑ל (cf. Kö^{ii. 261 f.})
I. subst. height (poet.) †Ho 7:16 יָשׁוּבוּ לֹא עָ֗ל they return (but) not upwards (i.e. not God-wards), 11:7 וְאֶל־עַל יִקְרָאֻהוּ they (the prophets) call it (the people) upwards, (but) none striveth to rise; as adv. accus., 2 S 23:1 the man הֻ֣קַּם עָ֔ל (that) is raised up on high. With מִן, מֵעָ֑ל, †(ה)שׁמים מֵעָ֑ל (the) heavens above Gn 27:39; 49:25 ψ 50:4 (opp. מִתַּחַת Ex 20:4. In prose מִמַּעַל).
II. As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against (SI^4.6; Moab. Aramaic id.; Ph. על, and עלת; Palm. Nab. על; Sab. עלי, Arabic عَلَى );—abbrev. from עֲלֵי (cf. אֱלֵי, עֲדֵי), which is preserved in poetry, Gn 49:17^(×2), 22^(×2) Nu 24:6^(×2) Dt 32:2^(×2) Is 18:4; Je 8:18; Mi 5:6; La 4:5; 1 K 20:41; Qr, Jb 7:1 Qr + 10 times ψ, 3 times Pr, 15 times Jb; with sf. עָלַי; עָלֶיךָ, עָלַיִךְ (†ψ 116:7 the Aramaizing form עָלָ֑יְכִי); עָלָיו, + 1 S 2:10 עָלָו, עָלֶיהָ; 1 pl. עָלֵינוּ; 2 mpl. עֲלֵיכֶם, + Ex 12:13 עֲלֵכֶם, 2 fpl. עֲלֵיכֶן †Ez 23:49; 3 mpl. עֲלֵיהֶם, 13 times in Pent. עֲלֵהֶם Gn 45:15, etc. (Kö^{ii. 305}), poet. עָלֵ֫ימוֹ Dt 22:23 + 11 times ψ, Jb (perhaps sometimes sg., Ges^{§ 103 i, N.}); 3 fpl. עֲלֵיהֶן, †Ex 29:13 עֲלֵהֶן Ex 29:22; Lv 3:4, 10, 16 (on the form of עֲלֵי, עָלַי, etc., v. Kö^{ii. 390 ff.}, and cf. sub עַד). 1. Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed; as על־הארץ upon the earth Gn 1:11, 26; 7:6, etc., ψ 110:6 על ארץ רבה over a wide country; על האדמה upon the ground Ex 20:12 + often, Am 7:12 עַל אֲדָמָה טְמֵאָה, Is 14:2 על אדמת י׳, ψ 137:4 עַל אַדְמַת נֵכָר (אֲדָמָה being properly ground, soil, is construed regularly with על, באדמה being very rare), more definitely על פני האדמה Gn 6:1; Nu 12:3 + often; על מקום Lv 14:28; Je 45:5 (uncommon: usually בְּ); Dt 17:20; Is 9:6 עַל מַמְלַכְתּוֹ upon his realm, 2 Ch 1:1; עַל בָּֽתִּים very strangely Ho 11:11 (read וַהֲשִׁבֹתִים with 𝔊; v. 7 c α β); constantly after such vbs. as נוח, ישׁב, רכב, etc., Gn 8:4; Ex 11:5; כתב על to write (idiom.) on a book or other surface, Jos 10:13, etc.; יצא על go forth over Gn 41:45; Zc 5:3 ψ 81:6; with נִשְׁעַן, נִסְמַךְ, בָּטַח (fig.), to lean or trust upon: Gn 3:14 to go עַל גְּחֹנְךָ upon thy belly, 32:32 to limp עַל יְרֵכוֹ upon his thigh, 1 S 14:13; Ez 37:10; Ju 15:8 to smite שׁוֹק עַל יָרֵךְ leg upon thigh, i.e. so that the scattered limbs fall one upon another, Am 3:15. And with ref. not to a horizontal surface but to a side, Lv 1:5 + זָרַק עַל to pour against the altar, 1 K 6:5, 18 to build against the temple, Jos 10:27, etc. Fig. Ex 23:13 let it not be heard עַל פִּיךָ upon thy mouth (in out idiom, upon thy lips, as Pr 22:18), ψ 15:3 לֹא רָגַל עַל לְשֹׁנוֹ he slandereth not (i.e. prepares not slander) upon his tongue, 2 S 23:2 וּמִלָּתוֹ עַל לְשׁוֹנִי, Pr 16:23, 27; 31:26; Ec 5:1; cf. נָשָׂא עַל שְׂפָתַיִם or עַל פֶּה ψ 16:4; 50:16; Ez 36:3b. Specially a. —(a) of clothing, etc., which any one wears, Gn 37:23 the tunic אשׁר עליו which was upon him, Jos 9:5; 1 K 11:30; Ru 3:15 +; Gn 24:30; 38:30; 2 S 13:18, of a sword 20:8 Ct 3:8; so הָיָה עַל Lv 16:4; Dt 22:5; Ez 44:18; 1 Ch 15:27; 18:7 (‖ 2 S 8:7 אֶל: see p. 41 a); cf. לֹא יַעֲלֶה עָלֶיךָ Lv 19:19; Ez 44:17, and with הֶעֱלָה, below, 7 b. (b) With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it (‘upon’ referred to a side): v. גָּנַן, כָּסָה, סָכַךְ, עַטָה; Ne 2:8 יד אלהי הטובה עלי, cf. v 18 Ezr 7:6, 9; 8:18, 22, 31; Ex 27:21 the veil that is over (i.e. before) the testimony, 1 S 25:16 חוֹמָה הָיוּ עַלֵינוּ they were a wall about us; סָגַר עַל to shut in (or down) upon Ex 14:3; Jb 12:14; Ez 13:5; Jb 13:27; 26:9; 36:30 he spreadeth his light עַלָיו about him. b. Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him, Is 1:14 הָיוּ עַלַי לָטֹרַח they are a cumbrance upon me, Jb 7:20 I am a burden עָלַי upon myself, 2 S 15:33 (cf. with אֶל 19:36); כָּבַד עַל to be heavy upon Ex 5:9 al. (v. כָּבַד); of sin, calamity, etc. Is 53:5; Ez 33:10 ψ 88:8; Jb 21:9; 2 Ch 15:5; 28:13; Ec 6:1; 8:6 (cf. 5 a β); Lv 7:20 וְטֻמְאָתוֹ עָלָיו 22:3: idiomatically, Gn 48:7 מֵתָה עָלַי רָחֵל Rachel died upon me (i.e. to my sorrow), 33:13 וְהַבָּקָר עָלוֹת עָלַי are giving suck upon me (i.e. as a care to me), Nu 11:13 יִבְכּוּ עָלַי they weep upon me (vexing me), Ju 14:16, 17; 19:2 (v. Be), 1 S 21:16 to play the mad man upon me, Je 12:11. c. Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him, as שָׂם עַל to lay upon Ex 5:8; 21:22, 30 (שָׁת), 22:24, cf. Gn 47:26; 2 Ch 35:25; with other verbs, Jb 38:10; Dt 24:5; 26:6; 2 K 15:20; 18:14; 23:33; Ne 10:33^(×2) Est 1:8; 9:21, 27, 31; with צִוָּה enjoin upon Gn 2:16 + often, כתב prescribe to 2 K 22:13 ψ 40:8, נטשׁ cast upon 1 S 17:20 (v 22 על יד), נתן על יד (fig.) Gn 42:37; 2 K 12:12; 22:5, cf. 1 K 14:27, עזב ψ 10:14, גלל 37:5, השׁליך 55:23, פקד Jb 34:13 al.; Gn 30:28 נָקְבָה שְׂכָֽרְךָ עָלַי fix thy wages upon me (name thy wages to me), 34:12 הַרְבּוּ עָלַי מְאֹד מֹהַר וּמַתָּן multiply upon me, etc., 2 S 19:39 (pregn.) whatsoever thou choosest (and layest) upon me; without a verb, Ju 19:20 רַק כָּל־מַחְסֹרְךָ עָלָ֑י only let all thy wants be upon me, Ezr 10:4 ψ 56:13 עָלַי נְדָרֶיךָ thy vows are upon me (i.e. I owe them: cf. Nu 30:7, 9, 15), Pr 7:14 זִבְחֵי שְׁלָמִים עָלָ֑י peace-offerings were upon me (= were due from me); perhaps ψ 62:1; 77:1 (to the charge of); with an inf. 2 S 18:11 וְעָלַי לָתֵת and it would have been incumbent on me to give, etc., 1 K 4:7; Ezr 10:12 (accents [Baer], RV^m), Ne 13:13, cf. Zc 12:2 (Ew RVm); Nu 7:9 (P) the service of … was upon them, Ez 45:17, so especially late 1 Ch 9:27, 33; 23:31; 2 Ch 2:3 לעולם זאת על ישׂראל, 8:15; 24:9; Ezr 7:11; Ne 11:23; Is 9:5 and the government is upon his shoulder (cf. 22:22), 2 Ch 25:3; ψ 7:11 מָֽגִנִּי עַל־א׳ my shield rests upon God (he has undertaken my defence), 62:8 על־אלהים יִשְׁעִי וּכְבֹדִי. d. על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him: ψ 42:6 why art thou cast down, O my soul, וַתֶּהֱמִי עָלַי and disquieted upon me? v 7 my soul upon me is cast down, v 12 43:5; La 3:20; ψ 131:2 כְּגָמֻל עֲלֵי אִמּוֹ כַּגָּמוּל עָלַי נַפְשִׁי is my soul upon me; 142:4 בְּהִתְעַטֵּף עָלַי רוּחִי when my spirit faints upon me, 143:4; Jon 2:8; Je 8:18 עָלַי לִבִּי דַוָּֽי׃ my heart upon me is sick, Jb 14:22^(×2) (cf. Di), Hos 11:8 נהפך עלי לבי my heart is turned (altered) upon me, 1 S 17:32; 25:36; Ne 5:7 וַיִּמָּלֵךְ לִבִּי עָלַי and my heart took counsel upon me: cf. ψ 42:5 I will pour out my soul upon me, Jb 30:16; 10:1 אעזבה עלי שׂיחי I will let loose my complaint upon me. (Thes apud me, mecum. The rend. ‘within me’ alters entirely the point of view of the Heb. expression, and is incorrect.) Denoting with some emph. the subj. of an experience, Jb 30:2 עלימו אבד כָּ֑לַח, Dn 2:1 his sleep נִהְיְתָה עָלָיו was done with upon him (cf. Aramaic 6:19 נַדַּת עֲלוֹהִי), 10:8 וְהוֹדִי נְהְפַּךְ עָלַי (cf. 5:9; 7:28): also, rather differently, Lv 18:18b; Je 49:20 אִם לֹא יַשִּׁים עֲלֵיהֶם נְוֵהֶם, Mi 7:13 ψ 90:17b; ψ 7:9 according to my perfectness upon me, Ez 18:20; 22:3; 2 Ch 36:8. e. חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support; cf. Is 3:1, and ζῆν ἐπί τινος), Dt 8:3 עַל־הַלֶּחֶם, Is 38:16 (cf. Hi), Gn 27:40 על חרבך תחיה upon (= by) thy sword thou shalt live (cf. Kazwini^{ii. 17} ap. Tuch), Ez 33:19, cf. v 26. f. Of the ground, or basis, on which a thing is done, as Gn 24:9 על הדבר הזה, Lv 7:12 if he offers it עַל תּוֹדָה on the ground of a thanksgiving, Nu 6:21 עַל נִזְרוֹ, v b Ez 16:15; 28:17; Dn 8:25 עַל שִׂכְלוֹ, 9:18 על צדקותינו (with عَلَى this use is extended so as to denote explicitly on condition of). Hence (a) the basis being conceived as regulative, על comes to denote the norm or standard (cf. Germ. ‘auf die Art’; W^{AG ii. § 59 i}): the transition may be seen in a passage like Ex 24:8 the covenant which י׳ made with you on the basis of (על), or in agreement with, all these words (cf. על פי 34:27), Nu 35:24 על המשׁפטים האלה, Dt 17:11; Je 30:18 the palace shall sit (i.e. be inhabited: v. ישׁב) עַל מִשְׁפָּטוֹ in accordance with its manner, ψ 94:20 who frames mischief עֲלֵי־חֹק in accordance with a law, על פי … according to the mouth (i.e. command, Gn 45:21 + often, evidence Dt 17:6; 19:15, sentence 21:5) of …; עַל שֵׁם … according to the name of … (mostly with call, be called) Gn 48:6; Ex 28:21; 2 S 18:18 +, cf. 1 Ch 23:14; Ex 6:26; 12:51 עַל צִבְאֹתָם according to their hosts (usually לְ), Nu 1:18 על משׁפחתם (usually לְ), v 52 2:2, 34; 7:3 (‖ ל), Dt 18:8 (prob.); עַל יְדֵי according to the hands (direction) of Je 5:31; 33:13 al. (v. p. 391 b); ψ 110:4 עַל דִּבְרָתִי מ׳ after the manner of M.; Pr 25:11 (prob.) a word spoken עַל אָפְנָיו in accordance with its circumstances = appositely; of the tune according to which a song is to be sung (RV. set to) ψ 6:1 (1 Ch 15:21), 8:1; 9:1; 12:1; 45:1; 46:1 (1 Ch 15:20) עַל־עֲלָמוֹת (perhaps, however, in the manner of maidens = for ‘sopranos’), 53:1; 56:1; 60:1; 69:1; 81:1; 84:1; 88:1 (cf. in Syriac ܥܰܠ ܩܳܠܴܐ ܕ). (b) The basis being conceived as involving the ground, על denotes the cause or reason, on account of, because of, Gn 20:3 lo thou shalt die עַל הָאִשָּׁה on account of the woman, 21:12; 26:7, 9; 27:41; 42:21; Lv 4:3, 28; 5:18; 19:17; 26:18, 24, 28; Dt 9:18; 24:16 fathers shall not be put to death על־בנים on account of children, 31:18; Jos 9:20; Je 1:16; 5:9; Ez 18:26 עליהם (‖ 33:18 בָּהֶם), Pr 28:21 ψ 39:12; 50:8 + often; ψ 44:23 עָלֶיךָ הֹרַגְנוּ on thy account are we slain all the day, 69:8; Je 15:15; in the phrases עַל דְּבַר …, עַל אוֹדוֹת, עַל זֹאת and עַל זֶה on this account, עַל מָה on what account? עַל־כֵּן = therefore (v. דָּבָר, אוֹדָה, etc.); before an inf., as Ex 17:7 וְעַל נַסּוֹתָם אֶת־י׳ and on account of their trying י׳, Am 1:3 עַל דּוּשָׁם on account of their threshing = because they threshed, v 6, 9, 11, 13, etc., Je 2:35 עַל אָמְרֵךֶ because of thy saying, 9:12; 16:18 +; and as a conj. both with and without אֲשֶׁר or כִּי (v. infr. III). And so often of the ground or cause of fear, grief, delight, or other emotions, e.g. Ex 18:9; 32:14 (נִחַם repent: so often), 1 S 4:13; 30:6; 2 S 1:26; 3:8; 1 K 21:4; 2 K 6:11; Je 10:19 Am 6:6. (c) Somewhat more strongly, on behalf of, for the sake of, Gn 19:17 escape על נפשׁך for thy life; Ju 9:17; 2 K 10:3 נִלְחַם עַל (usually ל); 1 K 2:18 I will speak on thy behalf to the king, v 19 (2 K 4:13 לְ); Est 4:16; 4:8; 7:7; 8:11; 9:16; Dn 12:1 עמד על stand up (in late Heb.) on behalf of; התפלל על intercede for (usually בעד) Jb 42:8; Ne 1:6; 2 Ch 30:18; 29:21 Ezr 8:35; and very often with כִּפֶּר (q.v.) make atonement for. (Not very common with other verbs.) (d) Sometimes it acquires almost a final force, for; Ex 12:4; 29:36; 30:16; Dt 27:13 these shall stand עַל־הַקְּלָלָה (‖ v 12 לְבָרֵךְ), ψ 89:48 עַל־מַה־שָּׁוְא בָּרָאתָ כָל־בְּנֵי־אָדָם unto what vanity hast thou created, etc.! Pr 29:5b; 2 Ch 23:18; Ec 3:17. (e) Of a condition, or attendant circumstances (rare; so عَلَى, W^{AG ii. § 59 e}): ψ 50:5 עֲלֵי זָ֑נַח ׃ upon, with sacrifice, 92:4 עֲלֵי עָשׂוֹר וגו׳ with a ten-stringed instr., with a harp, with sounding music on a lyre; עַל רִיב upon occasion of a lawsuit Ex 23:2; Ez 44:24, עַל יוֹם טוֹב 1 S 25:8 (cf. عَلَى حِينِ at a time of … Qor 28:14), Ne 12:22 (? read עַד BeRy), Is 18:4 כְּחֹם צַח עֲלֵי אוֹר at time of sunshine, 64:11 עַל אֵלֶּה, Je 8:18 עֲלֵי יָגוֹן at time of sorrow, 16:7 (but Gie עַל אָבֵל to): with abstr. substs. to form a periphr. for adverbs, Lv 5:22 and swear עַל שֶׁקֶר upon falseness = falsely, Je 6:14 = 8:11 to heal a wound עַל נְקַלָּה lightly, easily, ψ 31:24 עַל יֶתֶר = abundantly, Is 60:7 עַל רָצוֹן = acceptably (cf. عَلَى لَذَّةٍ = with delight). (f) It hence acquires the force of in spite of, notwithstanding (so عَلَى, W^{AG ii. § 59 h}), Jb 10:7 עַל דַּעְתְּךָ in spite of thy knowing, 34:6 על משׁפטי notwithstanding my right I am to be a liar (Di De Da RV: otherwise Hi RV^m). cf. below, III c b. (g) Upon, concerning, with vbs. of speaking, as דִּבֶּר Ju 9:3; 1 K 5:13, אָמַר Je 16:3; 27:19 (‖ אל) 33:4, hearing Gn 41:15 שָׁמַעְתִּי עָלֶיךָ I have heard concerning thee, saying, etc., 1 K 10:6; Is 37:9 (‖ 2 K 19:9 אל), disputing Gn 26:21, telling 1 S 27:11; Jo 1:3, commanding 2 S 14:8; 1 K 11:10, being vexed 21:4; 2 K 6:11, crying 8:5, confessing ψ 32:5 Ne 1:6; of the object of a prophecy or vision 1 K 22:8; Is 1:1; 2:1; and often with similar verbs. (h) In a somewhat weaker sense, in the matter of, as regards, Gn 41:32 וְעַל הִשָּׁנוֹת הַחֲלוֹם, Ex 22:8; Ru 4:7; Lv 5:22, 26; Dn 9:14b; Ne 9:33; חָטָא עַל Lv 4:14 (‖ בָּהּ v 23, cogn. acc. v 28), 5:5; Nu 6:11; Ne 13:26; … עַל־דְּבַר in the matter of, Nu 25:18; 31:16. 2. It expresses excess (synon. מִן q.v.); Gn 48:22 I give thee שְׁכֶם אַחַד עַל אַחֶיךָ one shoulder (ridge) above thy brethren, Ex 16:5 מִשְׁנֶה על double above or beyond, Nu 3:46 Dt 25:3 stripes עַל־אֵלֶּה beyond these, Jos 3:15 Jordan מָלֵא עַל was full over all its banks (cf. 4:18 Is 8:7b הלך על, עלה), ψ 138:2 Ec 1:16 Dn 1:20 עֶשֶׂר יָדוֹת עַל ten times above (cf. in Aramaic 3:19, and عَلَى Qor 37:153), Ezr 1:6 †לְבַד עַל = beside (v. בַּד); ψ 16:2 (si vera l.) טוֹבָתִי בַל עָלֶיךָ my welfare is not beyond thee, i.e. does not lie outside thee.—Of time, Lv 15:25 if she has an issue עַל נִדָּתָהּ beyond her time of impurity (cf. Is 32:10, 4 b). 3. It denotes elevation or pre-eminence, as עליון על high (fig.) above, Dt 26:19 al., 28:43 יעלה עליך will go up above thee, cf. Pr 31:29; ψ 57:6, 12 be thou exalted above the heavens, 89:8; 95:3; 96:4, etc., Ne 9:5; with words (q.v.) such as גבר, גדל, חזק, נשׂא (Ni. Pi. Hithp.), עזז, and especially those denoting rule or superintendence, as מלך, הפקיד; so with שָׁת, היה, נתן, Gn 41:33, 40, 43, שׂם 1 S 18:5; with פָּקִיד, שַׂר, מֶלֶךְ, etc., Gn 41:34; Ex 1:11; 18:21, etc.; abs. 2 S 8:16 Joab was על־הצבא over the host, 20:23b, 24 1 K 4:4—6; 5:30; Nu 10:14 ff. 1 Ch 9:23, 26ff.; 27:25ff.; 2 Ch 30:17; 31:12; אֲשֶׁר עַל בֵּיתוֹ of Joseph’s steward Gn 43:16, 19; 44:1, 4; and in the official titles אּשֶׁר עַל־הַבַּיִת = the Governor of the Palace Is 22:15 al. (v. בַּיִת 6); אֲשֶׁר עַל־הַמַּס the overseer of the forced labour 1 K 12:18; אשׁר על־העיר the governor of the city 2 K 10:5, אשׁר על המלתחה v 22. 4. It expresses addition (cf. ἐπὶ in Gk., e.g. ἐπὶ τούτοις); viz. a. introducing the complement of a verb, as with יָסַף to add upon or to, ψ 61:7 + often (v. יָסַף), שָׁת to put to Gn 30:40, נִלְוָה to be joined to Nu 18:2, 4; Is 14:1 (also c. אֶל), נָפַל to fall to, i.e. desert to, Je 21:9 +, עבר to pass over to Ex 30:13, 14; Is 45:14 (cf. 60:5); also Hb 2:16 תִּסֹּב כּוֹס עַל La 4:21, Est 4:7; נֶחְשַׁב to be reckoned to Lv 25:31; 2 S 4:2, היה על Nu 36:12; ψ 69:28 תְּנָה עָוֹן עַל עֲוֹנָם, Is 56:8 עוֹד אֲקַבֵּץ עָלָיו I will yet gather (others) unto him. b. Used absol., as Gn 28:9 he took Maḥalath עַל נָשָׁיו in addition to his (other) wives, 31:50 (cf. אל Lv 18:18), Nu 31:8 עַל חַלְלֵיהֶם in addition to their slain (‖ Jos 13:22 אֶל), Dt 23:14; Ez 16:37, 43; 25:10; Is 32:10 יָמִים עַל שָׁנָה days upon, in addition to, a year, 2 Ch 21:15 יָמִים עַל יָמִים, Ez 7:26 הֹוָה עַל הֹוָה תָבוֹא (‖ אל), Je 4:20 (if נִקְרָא = be proclaimed), Jb 16:14 יִפְרְצֵנִי פֶרֶץ עַלאפְּנֵי־פָ֑רֶץ (cf. Lag^{M iii. 112}; also Il. 14:130 ἕλκος ἐφʼ ἕλκει, Odyss. 7:120f., Qor 31:13). So often in laws of P (cf. c), Lv 7:12 he shall offer עַל־זֶבַח הַתּוֹדָה in addition to the sacrifice of thanksgiving, etc., v ^13b Nu 6:20; 15:9; 28:10, 15, 24 (cf. מִלְּבַד v ³¹ 29:6), 35:6; Ez 16:43 (Hi Sm RV: cf. 44:7 אל). c. Hence by an easy transition it denotes together with, with, Ex 35:22 men together with (עַל) women, Jb 38:32 וְעַיִשׁ עַל־בָּנֶיהָ תַנְחֵם and the Bear with her children, wilt thou lead them? 1 K 15:20; Je 3:18 the house of Isr. with the house of Judah, Mi 5:2 (Ca Ke Kue; but al. as 7 c a), Gn 32:12 lest he come and smite me, אֵם עַל בָּנִים the mother with the children (cf. Ho 10:14 Dt 22:6); and as a techn. term in the regulations for sacrifice, especially with אכל, Ex 12:8 עַל־מְרֹרִים יֹאכְלֻהוּ together with bitter herbs they shall eat it, v 9 his head with (על) his legs, etc., Nu 9:11; Dt 16:3 לֹא־תֹאכָל עָלָיו חָמֵץ (cf. Ex 23:18; 34:25), v 3; in the phrase אכל על הדם to eat with the blood 1 S 14:32, 33 (v 34 אל), Lv 19:26; Ez 33:25 (cf. in Gk. e.g. ἐπὶ τῷ σίτῳ πίνειν ὕδωρ); see also Lv 2:2, 16; 3:4 (so v 10, 15 4:9; 7:4), 4:11; 7:13a, 30; 10:15; 14:31; 23:18, 20; Nu 6:17; 19:5; 1 Ch 7:4. 5. It expresses the idea of being suspended, or extended, over anything, without however being in contact with it, above, over: Gn 1:20 let fowl fly over the earth, 19:23 השׁמשׁ יצא על had come forth upon the earth (cf. זרח על Ex 22:2 +; בא על go down [set] upon Dt 24:15 Mi 3:6; Jb 25:3), Nu 10:34; 14:14 and thy cloud stood עליהם over them, Dt 28:23 the heavens על־ראשׁך above thy head, Is 4:5; 60:1, 2; Zp 2:11; Zc 9:14 ψ 7:8 over it return thou on high, Jb 29:3 בְּהִלּוֹ נֵרוֹ עֲלֵי רֹאשִׁי (cf. דעך על be extinguished over, 18:6), Ct 2:4 his banner over me: fig. of protection Dt 32:38 ψ 68:35: with vbs. of motion (expressed or implied), נשׁקף על to incline over 1 S 13:18 +, נטה ידו על Ex 14:16; Is 23:11 + (cf. ψ 21:12), הניף על to swing over Is 11:15; 19:16; השׁמיע על to proclaim over Je 4:16; Am 3:9, cf. Nu 10:10; 2 Ch 13:12, נקרא שׁם על a name to be called over 2 S 12:28 + (v. קרא). 6. From the sense of inclining or impending over, על comes to denote contiguity or proximity, Engl. by (or sometimes on):— a. in designating localities, especially those beside water, Gn 14:6 עַל־הַמִּדְבָּר by the wilderness, 16:7 עַל עֵין הַמַּיִם by the spring of water, 24:13, 30; 29:2 three flocks lying עָלֶיהָ by it (the well), 41:1 Nu 3:26; 13:29 על־הים by the sea, 22:5; 24:6 gardens עֲלֵי נָהָר Dt 3:12; 33:8; Ju 5:19; 7:1; 1 S 1:9 על מזוזת היכל י׳ (Ez 46:2), 4:1; 2 K 2:7 and they stood על־הירדן by the Jordan, 25:4 Is 19:7; 38:20 ψ 1:3 planted by water-courses, Je 17:2, 8; Jb 30:4; 31:9 על פתח by the entrance, Pr 14:19, + often.; על הדרך by the way Gn 38:21; 1 S 24:4; Ez 48:24ff. על גבולו adjoining his border; עבר על to pass by a place 1 K 9:18; Je 18:16 +, fig. עבר על פשׁע to pass by transgression, i.e. to overlook it, Mi 7:18 al.: על יְמִין … on the right of … ψ 110:5 +, עַל יַד …, עַל יֶרֶךְ …, עַל כֶּתֶף … on the side of … (see these words): less freq. (except as c) with ref. to persons, Nu 2:5 וְהַחֹנִים עָלָיו and those encamping next him, v 12, 20, 27 6:9 וכי ימות מת עליו, 2 K 11:11 by the king round about (cf. Nu 3:26 supr.), עבר על פ׳ Gn 18:5; 2 K 4:9 +. b. 2 S 9:7, 10 to eat bread עַל שֻׁלְחַן פּ׳ at any one’s table, Ex 16:3 when we sat עַל־סִיר הַבָּשָׂר, 1 S 20:24 Kt to sit עַל־חַלֶּהֶם at meat; 25:13; 30:24 to remain עַל־הַכֵּלִים; Pr 23:30 to tarry long על־היין at (or over) the wine, Jb 39:9 עַל־אֲבוּסֶֽךָ ׃ at thy crib: cf. הַיּוֹשֵׁב עַל הַמִּשְׁפָּט Is 28:6. c. Idiomatically, with עָמַד and נִצַּב to stand by (lit. over,—orig. no doubt with ref. to one supposed to be seated), Gn 18:2 three men נִצָּבִים עָלָיו standing by him, v 8 and he עֹמֵד עליו standing by him under the tree, 24:30 by the camels, 28:13; 1 S 4:20; 2 S 1:9; 20:11, 12; Am 7:7; especially of persons standing about a superior, as servants or courtiers, Gn 45:1; Ju 3:19; 1 S 22:6, 7, 17, of persons surrounding a judge Ex 18:13, 14, of י׳’s heavenly ministers, 1 K 22:19 (cf. Is 6:2 ממעל לו), Zc 4:14, and with התיצב 6:5 Jb 1:6; 2:1; also of one standing by (proposes leaning over) an altar or sacrifice Nu 23:3, 6; 1 K 13:1 (cf. 7 b); Am 9:1; of an Ashérah by an altar Ju 6:25, 28 (cf. אֵצֶל Dt 16:21) ortree Je 17:2; cf. 2 S 12:17 (קום) Ex 2:15; 2 S 2:13 (ישׁב). 7. In connexion with verbs of motion (actual or fig.):— a. of motion from a higher place downwards, down upon: thus (a) המטיר על to rain upon Gn 2:5; 19:24, ירד על 15:11, יצק על to pour upon Gn 28:18, נפל על צוארי פ׳ Gn 33:4, נפל על פניו to fall on his (own) face 17:3, 17, שׂם על to put upon, 21:14; 22:6, 9; 24:47 (v 22 Sam Di), נתן על כף to place on the hand of … 40:11, 21, השׁליך על 2 S 20:12, etc.; cf. Jb 29:22 וְעָלֵימוֹ תִּטֹּף מִלָּתִי, Mi 3:5; Na 3:12. (b) In diff. fig. connexions, as of sleep falling upon one, Gn 2:21; 15:12; of fear 9:2; 1 S 11:7 (v. פַּחַד, חֲרָדָה, אֵימָה); of good or bad fortune, especially the latter, coming upon one, as with בוא and הביא, Gn 27:12; Dt 28:2 (in good sense), v 15, Je 5:12; 19:3 (רעה, as often); of retribution, reproach, the Divine wrath, etc., with diff. verbs (הביא, נתן, ירד, חול, היה, etc.), as Gn 20:9; Nu 12:11 חטאה; Gn 42:36 עָלַי הָיוּ כֻלָּנָה upon me are they all; Nu 18:5 + (היה קֶצֶף על); Dt 19:10 דם (cf. אל 2 S 21:2 𝔊 We Dr), Ju 9:24; 1 K 2:32; 2 S 16:8; Ho 12:15; 2 S 3:29; 15:14; 1 S 11:2 חרפה; Je 14:16; 26:15 דם נקי (‖ אל), Jon 1:14; Ez 7:3, 4, 8; 23:49; 36:29; ψ 7:17; 94:2, 23; 109:5 וישׂימו עלי רעה תחת טובה (lay upon me: but Hu וישיבו, Pr 17:13), 140:11; שָׁפַךְ חֵמָה על Ez 7:8 + often; without a verb, Gn 16:5 חֲמָסִי עָלֶיךָ my wrong be upon thee, Je 51:35 (‖ אל); Gn 27:13 עלי קללתך; 38:29 (accents, RV^m); 2 S 1:16 דמיך על ראשׁך; 14:9 עָלַי הֶעָוֹן; Is 24:17; Je 48:43; 50:27; Ez 13:3; הוֹי עַל …; ψ 55:16 Kt.; of a blessing, Ex 32:29 ψ 3:9, a curse Dt 30:7, mercies (prob. conceived spec. as descending from heaven) ψ 33:22; 86:13; 90:17; 103:17 (with גבר be mighty over or upon, v 11 117:2), 116:12; 145:9; Ezr 3:11, שׁלום ψ 125:5; 128:6; 1 Ch 22:9. (c.) Introducing the object upon which an action, or emotion, especially if accompanied by a gesture, is conceived as being directed (but with some of these words, especially when they refer to an event, rather than a person, as Ex 18:9, על is to be explained from 1 f b). Thus with verbs denoting the manifestation of joy or giref, as שׂושׂ to rejoice over, גיל, שׂמח, התענג, התפאר, שׂחק, אבל, ספד, שׁמם, בכה Ju 11:37 +, נשׂא (משׁל) קינה to take up a lament, or proverb, over (see these words); prob. also in הִנָּבֵא על prophecy over Ez 11:4; 13:17 +; with חוּס, חָמַל, רִחַם to shew compassion on (cf. 1 K 3:26 [Gn 43:30 אל], Ct 5:4 [Je 31:20 ל]); with שׁמר, שׁקד, הֵעִיר (Jb 8:6) to guard or watch over; with יעץ to counsel upon Is 14:26 +, חשׁב to devise (usually in bad sense, Je 29:11 in good), דִּבֶּר (רעה Je 11:17 +, טובה 18:20; 32:42), הֵקִים דָּבָר Je 29:10. Of more distinctly phys. acts, with בכה to weep on Gn 45:14, 15 +, שׁרק to hiss, ספק or תקע כף to clap the hand, הִכָּה כף Ez 22:13 (‖ אל); Is 5:30 to growl over, 31:4 Ez 36:2; Jb 30:5; הִתְוַדָּה to confess over (the goat), Lv 16:21; Ex 30:10a (prob.); Dt 21:6; Jb 6:27; 40:30. b. From a lower place upwards, up upon, up to, as עלה על to go up upon: Ex 20:26; 1 S 2:28; 1 K 12:33b; 2 K 16:12b; 2 Ch 1:6 (an altar, i.e. to a ledge beside it; cf. 2 K 23:9, and ירד Lv 9:22; 1 K 1:53); Ju 9:51; Is 14:14; 40:9, etc.; to come up upon (in diff. connexions) Ex 10:12; Lv 16:9 (fig.), 19:19; 1 S 1:11; 6:7; 1 K 10:16, 17; fig. עלה על לב Is 65:17 + (v. לב, לבב, 3 d); in Hiph. 1 K 20:23 וַיַּעֲלֵהוּ עַל הַמֶּרְכָּבָה, Am 8:10 (cf. 1 a a), 2 S 1:24; Ez 37:6 ψ 137:6 (fig.), 2 Ch 3:5, 14 (= ornamented with); Dt 28:61 (cf. Ex 15:26b); 2 Ch 20:34 the history of Jehu which הֹעֲלָה עַל was brought up upon (i.e. inserted in) the book of, etc. (cf. 32:32; and כתב על supr. 1); cf. נטה יד על־השׁמים up to heaven Ex 9:22; 10:21; 17:16. c. Expressing direction towards (not common, except in sense against: v. infr.)—(a) with verbs of motion, properly of a person (or thing) moving to another so as either to stand above, or rest upon, it (cf. Pusey^{Min. Pr. 333}), Ex 34:12 הארץ אשׁר אתה בא עליה (simil., of a land, or place, 18:23 Nu 11:12; 1 K 2:26 עֲנָתֹת לֵךָ עַל־שָׂדֶיךָ, Ez 32:9; Je 3:18b; 16:13; 22:26, and after שׁוּב or הֵשִׁיב 16:15; 22:27; 23:3; 24:6 [but אֶל 27:22; 30:3 al.], Ez 29:14; Gn 40:13 וֶהֱשִׁיבְךָ עַל־כַּנֶּ֑ךָ, 41:13, 30:33 כִּי תָבֹא עַל שְׂכָרִי to view my hire; Lv 21:11; Nu 6:6 בא על נפשׁ מֵת to come in upon a corpse; בא על אשׁה Gn 19:31; Dt 25:5 (usually אל); Jos 3:16 מַיִם יֹרְדִים עַל יָם, Ez 47:8; 1 K 18:12 יִשָּֽׂאֲךָ עַל־אֲשֶׁר לֹא־אֵדָ֑ע, ψ 19:7; 2 K 16:12; 2 Ch 20:24; Is 53:1 upon whom (coming from above) was י׳’s arm revealed? 62:10 הרימו נֵס על העמים over towards (but 49:22 אל): but often it is dub. if this force is perceptible; and in gen. על in such cases seems to be used merely as a syn.—perhaps as a slightly more graphic syn.—of אֶל (cf. p. 41); in the later language, also, it may be due partly to the infl. of Aramaic, which does not use אֶל; thus (α) with a personal obj., with assemble or be assembled, Ex 32:1; 2 S 17:11; 1 K 8:5; 11:24; 2 K 22:20 (2 Ch 34:28 and usually אל), 2 Ch 13:7, עלה Gn 38:12; Jos 2:8; 1 S 14:10 (v 9, 12 אל), עבר 1 S 14:4 (v 1 אל), בא 2 S 15:4 (v. Dr) 1 Ch 12:23f., יצא 2 K 24:12, הוליך 25:20, נגע Ju 20:34, 41 (cf. Is 6:7; Je 1:9), נס Is 10:3, הלך 22:15 (אל … על), נשׂא 30:6, שׁלח 2 K 18:27 (אל … על … על: ‖ Is 36:12אל … אל … על), Je 26:15; 29:31; 1 Ch 13:2; 2 Ch 28:16; 30:1; 32:9, 31; 36:15; Ne 6:3, נגשׁ Ez 9:6, שׁב, השׁיב Ne 4:6; Ml 3:24 (v. c), sq. על י׳ 2 Ch 15:4; 30:9, התיצּב 2 Ch 11:13; letters going על פ׳ Ne 2:7; 6:17a (v ^b אל). (β) of places, Gn 24:49; 2 S 2:19 + על ימין to the right; with הלך 1 S 2:11; 1 K 20:43 על־ביתו (21:4 אל), 2 S 15:20 ואני הולך על אשׁר אני הולך, Je 1:7; Ez 1:20 (v 12 אל), הוליך 1 K 1:38 (v 33 אל), נהר Mi 4:1 (‖ Is 2:2 אל), Je 31:12 (אל … על), נגשׁ Ez 44:13 (‖ אל), עלה 1 S 24:23; 2 S 19:1 1 K 6:8 (‖ אל), Ez 41:7, בא Je 14:3; 51:51, (על הר) הביא Is 66:20 (56:7 אל), ירד Je 36:12, הִטָּה Pr 21:1, הסיר 2 S 6:10 (‖ 1 Ch 13:13 אל), נתן Is 29:12 (v 11 אל) Mi 1:14; 3:5; Gn 42:37, השׁיב, שׁב, Nu 33:7; Je 11:10 (fig., עַל עֲוֹנוֹת), ψ 35:13 Jb 34:15 (Gn 3:19 אל), Pr 26:11. Ec 1:6; 1 K 17:21, 22 (cf. 1 S 30:12 אל) השׁתחוה Lv 26:1 (prob.), Is 60:14; pregn. Is 24:22 אֻסְּפוּ עַל בּוֹר be collected (and delivered) into a dungeon: cf. חוּשׁ עַל Jb 31:5 (fig.), also to requite עַל־חֵיק Is 65:6; 7 Kt. (Je 32:18 ψ 79:12 אל). After נראה appear, ψ 90:16 (אל … על). And as far as, unto (nearly = עַל) Gn 49:13 וְיַרְכָתוֹ עַל צִידוֹן Jos 2:7; 18:13; 19:12; Je 31:39; Ez 47:18; 48:21, 28 ψ 48:11; 1 Ch 5:16. (b) With אמר say to, 2 K 22:8; Je 18:11 (אל … על), 22:6; 23:2, 35 (על … אל), 36:29; 44:20 (אל … על), דבר 1 S 1:13 (Gn 24:45 אל), 1 K 9:5; Ho 12:11; Je 6:10; 10:1; 11:2 (אל … על), speak to 25:2 (על … אל), 26:2, cf. Est 1:17, היה דבר י׳ Je 25:1; 1 Ch 22:8 cf. 11:10, ענה 2 S 19:43, קרא Is 34:14; 2 Ch 32:18, שִׁוַּע ψ 18:42, הֵרַע 1 K 17:20, שֹׁרֵר, שָׁר sing Pr 25:20; Jb 33:27, החליק Pr 29:5 (ψ 36:3 אל), התפלל 1 S 1:10, כתב 2 Ch 30:1; Ezr 4:7; Est 8:8, שׁמע 2 K 20:13 (= Is 39:2), 22:13; Je 23:16; 26:5; 35:18; Hg 1:12; v. also הקשׁיב, האזין, הבין, התבונן, השׂכיל. (c) Expressing (or implying) the direction of the mind, 2 S 14:1 לב המלך על אבשׁלם; Mal 3:24; Ezr 6:22; Ct 7:11 וְעָלַי תְּשׁוּקָתוֹ (Gn 3:16; 4:7 אל); שָׂם לִבּוֹ על Jb 1:8 (2:3 אל), 1 S 25:25 (אל … על); Je 22:17 thy eyes and thy heart are only (set) upon (על) …, 1 Ch 12:17; 1 K 1:20; 2 Ch 20:12 כִּי עָלֶיךָ עֵינֵינוּ (elsewhere אל), 1 K 2:15 עָלַי שָׂמוּ פניהם, ψ 146:5 שִׂבְרוֹ על י׳; Is 10:25 וְאַפִּי עַל־תַּבְלִיתָם be (directed) towards their destruction, Je 32:31 (Gf Ew: cf. RV); cf. שׁעה על look to (trustfully) Is 17:7; 31:1. (The uses a, b, c are all exceptional: אל would be regularly employed.) (d) With the force of over and towards (cf. 5 and 7 a b, end): ψ 65:5 נוֹרָא עֲלִילָה עַל; to shine, etc. on, ψ 31:17 הָאִירָה פָנֶיךָ עַל (Nu 6:25 אל); רָאָה עַל Ex 5:21; הוֹפִיעַ עַל Jb 10:3; וְשַׂמְתִּי עֵינִי עַל Am 9:4 + (cf. Jb 14:3; 24:3; 34:21); הִשְׁקִיף עַל look out over ψ 14:3 +. d. In a hostile sense, upon, against: so very often, after every kind of verb expressing or implying attack, as בא Gn 34:25, 27, נֶאֱסַף v 30, קצף to be angry 40:2, לון to murmur Ex 15:24, עמד stand up Lv 19:16 +, קָם rise up Dt 19:11; Am 7:9, נלחם Dt 20:10, חנה 1 S 11:1 ψ 27:3, עלה 2 K 17:3, חרה אף Zc 10:3 (usually בְּ), שׁפך סללה Is 37:33, צוּר besiege Dt 20:12, חשׁב to devise Gn 50:20; Je 11:19, דִּבֶּר Dt 13:6 +, etc.: add Jb 16:4^(×2), 9, 10, 13; 19:12; 21:27; 30:12, etc.; היה על 2 S 11:23; Nu 31:3: הִנְנִי עָלַיִךְ (v. אֶל 4); note also Ju 9:31; 20:5: without a verb Is 9:20; Ju 16:12 פלשׁתים עליך the Philistines are upon thee, 20:9 עָלָיהָ בְּגוֹרָל Against it by lot! 8. By writers of the silver age, על is sometimes used with the force of a dative, 1 Ch 13:2 אִם עֲלֵיבֶם טוֹב (in classical Heb. בְּעֵינֵיבֶם) if it seems good to you, אִם עַל הַמֶּלֶךְ טוֹב †Ne 2:5, 7 Est 1:19; 3:9; 5:4, 8; 7:3; 8:5; 9:13 (cf. in Aramaic Ezr 5:17; 7:18); שָׁפַר עַל ψ 16:6 (cf. in Aramaic Dn 4:24); עָרַב עַל ψ 104:34 (elsewhere לְ); רַע עַל Ec 2:17 (v. De; cf. בְּאֵשׁ עַל Dn 6:15): comp. Jb 22:2 סָכַן על be profitable to, 33:23; also גָּמַל עַל (in both good and bad sense: v. גמל), Ne 5:19 עשׂה על, 9:30 משׁך על prolong (mercy) to; הִטָּה חֶסֶד עַל Ezr 7:28; 9:9 (Gn 39:21 אל): 1 S 20:8 read prob. עם for על. cf. Mish. חביב על, dear to; סני על hateful to; Syriac ܕܚܺܝܡ ܥܰܠ, ܡܩܰܒܰܠ ܥܰܠ, pleasant, acceptable to.—Comp. in gen. the uses of عَلَى,, W^{AG ii. § 59}. 9. With other particles:—עַל אַהֲרֵי Ez 41:15; עַל בֵּין Ez 19:11 (cf. אל 31:10, 14); עַל לִפְנֵי Ez 40:15; עַל מֵעַל Ez 41:17 (text dub.), v 20; עַל עֵבֶר Ex 25:37 (cf. אל Ez 1:9, 12); עַל־כָּ֫כָה Est 9:26 (v. p. 462).—On עַל־יַד, עַל־יְדֵי, עַל פִּי, עַל־פְּנֵי, v. יָד, פֶּה, פָּנִים.
III. As conj.: a. עַל אֲשֶׁר because that … (cf. above, II 1 f b), Ex 32:35 and י׳ plagued the people על אשׁר עשׂו because they had made, etc., Nu 20:24; Dt 29:24 (in answer to על מה: so 1 K 9:9; Je 16:11; 22:9), 32:51^(×2) 1 S 24:6; 2 S 3:30; 6:8; 8:10; 12:6 ψ 119:49 +. b. עַל כִּ׳ similar in meaning, but less frequent: †Dt 31:17; Ju 3:12; Je 4:28; Mal 2:14 ψ 139:14. c. עַל alone: (a) because, †Gn 31:20 (E) עַל בְּלִי הִגִּיד, ψ 119:136 עַל לֹא. (b) notwithstanding that (above, 1 f f), although, †Is 53:9 עַל לֹא חָמָס עָשָׂה although he did no violence, Jb 16:17 עַל לֹא חָמָס בְּכַפָּ֑י.
IV. Compounds:— 1. with כְּ (rare and late), a. as concerning, as upon †ψ 119:14 כְּעַל כָּל־הוֹן, 2 Ch 32:19. b. (pleon. for כְּ), † Is 59:18 כְּעַל גְּמֻלוֹת כְּעַל יְשַׁלֵּם the like of their deeds is the like of (that which) he will repay (כְּעַל repeated on the anal. of כְּ Nu 15:15; Ho 4:9: v. כְּ) = according to their deeds is (that which) he will repay, Is 63:7 according to. 2. מֵעַל₃₀₄ from upon, from over, from by—used with much delicacy of application in many different connexions, corresponding mostly with the different senses of על. Thus a. from upon idiomatically, when removal, motion, etc., from a surface is involved, as מעל האדמה, מעל פני האדמה from upon (the face of) the ground, usually with expel, destroy, perish, etc. Gn 4:14; 6:7; 7:4; Ex 32:12; Dt 6:15; 28:21:63 + often especially Je and compiler of K; to be lifted up מעל הארץ Gn 7:17 Ez 1:19, 21 +, to return or be dried (of water) מעל הארץ Gn 8:3, 7, 11, 13; to roll a stone מֵעַל פִּי הַבְּאֵר 29:3; of the cloud departing מעל האהל Nu 9:17; 12:10, cf. Ne 9:19; to rise up מֵעַל הַכִּסֵּא Ju 3:20; 1 K 2:4, מֵעַל מִשְׁכָּבוֹ 2 S 11:2; to alight (נָפַל) מֵעַל הַגָּמָל Gn 24:64 (cf. Jos 15:18 צנח, 1 S 25:23 ירד), ירד מֵעַל הַמֶּרְכָּבָה Ju 4:15; 2 K 5:21; (נפל); to take מֵעַל רֹאשׁ Gn 40:19 2 S 12:30, מֵעַל הַמִּזְבֵּחַ Lv 16:12; Nu 17:11; Is 6:6; to see מֵעַל הַגָּג 2 S 11:2; to shoot מֵעַל הַחוֹמָה v 20, 24; to speak מֵעַל הַכַּפֹּרֶת Ex 25:22; Nu 7:89; to cast down מֵעַל יָדַיִם Dt 9:17; Lv 8:28 (כַּפַּיִם); to break, remove, etc., a yoke (צוארך) מעל שׁכמך Gn 27:40; Is 10:27; Je 28:10, 11; to wipe tears מֵעַל כָּל־פָּנִים Is 25:8; to take a bandage מעל עיניו 1 K 20:41 (cf. על v 38); often of putting off a garment or ornament, as Gn 38:14, 19 וַתָּסַר צְעִיפָהּ מֵעָלֶיהָ, Ex 33:5 הוֹרֵד עֶדְיְךָ מֵעָלֶיךָ, a sandal Ex 3:5; Jos 5:15, a ring מֵעַל יָדוֹ Gn 41:42; to seek (דרשׁ), or hear, words מֵעַל הַסֵּפֶר Is 34:16; Je 36:11 (cf. כתב על ספר above); pregn. with בָּלָה to wear away (and fall) from off, Dt 8:4; 29:4, cf. of the bones or skin in disease Jb 30:17 עֲצָמַי נִקַּר מֵעָלָ֑י are pierced (and drop) from off me, v 30 עוֹרִי שָׁחַר מעלי is black (and falls) from off me; fig. 1 S 1:11 הָסִירִי יֵינֵךְ מֵעָלַיִךְ remove thy wine from off thee; Nu 14:9 סָר צִלָּם מֵעֲלֵיהֶם; Ju 16:19, 20 י׳ סר מעליו (with allusion to the hair, as the seat of Samson’s strength), 1 S 16:23 (cf. על in v 16). b. Of relief from a burden or trouble: as of a plague, stroke, rod, etc., removed from (resting) on one, Ex 10:17 וְיָסֵר מֵעָלַי אֶת־הַמָּוֶת הַזֶּה, Nu 21:7; 25:8 וַתֵּעָצַר הַמַּגֵּפָה מֵעַל ישׂר׳ (2 S 24:21, 25), ψ 39:11 הָסֵר מֵעָלַי נִגְעֶ֑ךָ, Jb 9:34; 13:21 Jo 2:20; of reproach Jos 5:9; Is 25:8 ψ 119:22, iniquity Ez 18:31; Zc 3:4, bloodguiltiness, 1 K 2:31, wrath Ju 8:3; Nu 25:11; Pr 24:18, murmurings Nu 17:21, 25; הֵקֵל מֵעַל to lighten from upon one Ex 18:22 +; Am 5:23 הָסֵר מֵעָלַי הֲמוֹן שִׁירֶיךָ; pregn. Jon 1:11, 12 that the sea יִשְׁתֹּק מֵעָלֵינוּ may be calm from off us; מֵעָלָיו שְׁעֵה look away from him Jb 14:6; to remove, etc., מֵעַל פָּנַי (v. פָּנִים); 1 S 6:20 to whom shall he go up מֵעָלֵינוּ from upon us (relieving us of his presence); so often of an army retiring from a country or raising a siege, 2 S 10:14 ויָּשָׁב יוֹאָב מֵעַל בְּנֵי עַמּוֹן, 20:21 וְאֵלְכָה מֵעַל הָעִיר, v 22 2 K 3:27; 18:14, especially with עָלָה, נַעֲלָה, 1 K 15:19; Je 21:2; 37:5, 11 +; 2 S 19:10 David fled מעל אבשׁלום from Absalom (whom his presence had encumbered), Ne 13:28 וָאַבְרִיחֵהוּ מֵעָלַי, cf. Gn 13:11; 25:6 Nu 20:21 וַיֵּט ישׂר׳ מֵעָלָיו, 2 Ch 20:10; Ex 10:28 לֵךְ מֵעָלַי (contemptuously; be no more obnoxious to me), similarly 2 S 13:17 שׁלחו־נא את־זאת מעלי (Amnon of Tamar). c. From beside (cf. על 6 c), in different nuances: Gn 17:22 God went up מעל אברהם from beside A., 35:13; 18:3 אל נא תעבר מעל עבדך (cf. על v 5), 42:24 Nu 16:26, 27; 1 K 1:53 to come down מֵעַל הַמִּזְבֵּחַ (cf. על 13:1; 6 c and 7 b); from attendance on Gn 45:1 (cf. על ib.), Ju 3:19 וַיֵּצְאוּ מֵעָלָיו כָּל־הָעֹמְדִים עָלָיו 1 S 17:15 (v. Dr), 2 S 13:9, cf. 1 S 13:8, 11 2 K 25:5 (Je 36:21 read עַל, מ being dittogr.), cf. 2 Ch 35:15; from attachment to, רָחַק מֵעַל י׳ Je 2:5; Ez 11:15; 44:10, cf. 8:6, סָר מֵעַל י׳ Je 32:40; Ez 6:9, תָּעָה מֵעַל י׳ Ez 44:10, 15, cf. 14:5; Dt 13:11; also סָר מֵעַל חַטֹּאות 2 K 10:31; 15:18 (usually מֵחטאות), cf. Ez 14:6; 23:18; from companionship with, Jb 19:13 אַחַי מֵעָלַי הִרְחִיק; from accompanying protectingly 1 S 28:15 וֵאלֹהִים סָר מֵעָלַי, v 16 (cf. על ψ 110:5; and v. Dr); from adhesion to 2 K 17:21 קָרַע ישׂראל מֵעַל בֵּית דָּוִד, Is 7:17; 56:3 יַבְדִּילַנִי י׳ מֵעַל עַמּוֹ, Hos 9:1 זָנִיתָ מֵעַל אֱלֹהֶיךָ. d. In late Heb., = עַל above: 2 K 25:28 נָתַן כִּסְאוֹ מֵעַל כִּסֵּא וגו׳ (‖ Je 52:32 more class. מִמַּעַל לְ), Est 3:1 ψ 108:5 גדול מעל שׁמים (‖ 57:11 עַד), 148:4 Ec 5:7 גָּבֹהַּ מֵעַל גָּבֹהַּ שֹׁמֵר, Ne 3:28; 8:5; 2 Ch 34:4 לְמַעְלָה מֵעֲלֵיחֶם on high above them; Ez 41:17, 20; Pr 14:14 read w. Capp. וּמִמַּעֲלָלָיו.—v. p. 1126 on Hg 2:15, 18; Zc 11:13. e. מֵעַל לְ (chiefly late, and pleon. for עַל, or else = the more class. syn. מִמַּעַל לְ): (a) Gn 1:7 מֵעַל לָרָקִיעַ (Ez 1:26 מִמַּעַל לְ׳), Ez 1:25 (text dub.; v. Comm.), 1 S 17:39; Jon 4:6; Mal 1:5 upon, over the border (territory) of Israel (so Köhl Ke: but Hi Ew We beyond), 2 Ch 13:4 upon mount Zemaraim, 24:20. (b) beside 2 Ch 26:19 מֵעַל לְמִזְבַּח הַקְּטֹרֶת; Ne 12:31^(×2), 37, 38^(×2), 39 dub.: BeRy (in all) off the side of (מִן 6) = at a little distance from; Ke in v 31, 38a upon, in v 37, 38b, 39 by the side of (an … vorüber).

עֹל²

† עֹל₃₉ n.m. 1 K 12:4 yoke;—ע׳ abs. Ho 11:4 +; cstr. Is 9:3 +; sf. עֻלֵּךְ Je 2:20 Is 47:6, עֻלּוֹ Gn 27:40 +, עֻלְּכֶם 1 K 12:11, etc.;—yoke, for cattle, עָלָה עֲלֵיהֶם ע׳ 1 S 6:7, cf. Nu 19:2 (P), מָֽשְׁכָה בְּע׳ Dt 21:3; usually fig. of servitude 1 K 12:4, 10, 11^(×2), 14^(×2) = 2 Ch 10:4, 10, 11^(×2), 14; נָתַן ע׳ עַל 1 K 12:4, 9 = 2 Ch 10:4, 9; וְנָתַן ע׳ בַּרְזֶל עַל־צַוָּארֶ֑ךָ Dt 28:48, so Je 28:14; עַל־זָקֵן הִכְבַּדְתְּ ע׳ Is 47:6; also אֶת־צַוָּארוֹ בְּעֹל (הֵבִיא) נָתַן Je 27:8, 11, 12; שָׁבַר ע׳ break the yoke Je 2:20; 5:5; 28:2, 4, 11; 30:8 (+ מֵעַל צ׳), so מֹטֹת ע׳ Lv 26:13 (H), Ez 34:27 (v. מוֹטָה); פָּרַק ע׳ Gn 27:40 (J; + מֵעַל צ׳); הֵחֵת ע׳ Is 9:3; cf. הֵרִים ע׳ Ho 11:4; also יָסוּר ע׳ מֵעַל צ׳ Is 10:27, and 14:25; fig. of transgressions La 1:14, del. ע׳ 𝔊 𝔙 Löhr Bu, but read עֹל v b (v. id.); of hardship, נָשָׂא ע׳ 3:27.

עֻלָּא

† עֻלָּא n.pr.m. in Asher 1 Ch 7:39, Ωλα.

עַלְבּוֹן

עַלְבּוֹן only in אֲבִי־עַלְבּוֹן q.v. p. 3 b supr.

עלג

עלג (√ of foll., cf. לעג, and v. especially Lag^{M iii.29 ff.} Nö^{ZMG xli (1887), 718 f.}, who cites Mand. אלגא).

עִלֵּג

† [עִלֵּג] adj. speaking inarticulately;—pl. לְשׁוֹן עִלְּגִים Is 32:4 (𝔊 ψελλίζουσαι; Lag^l.c.).

עָלֶה

† עָלֶה n.m. leaf, leafage (v. עלה Qal 4);—ע׳ Lv 26:36 +; cstr. עֲלֵה Gn 3:7; 8:11; sf. עָלֵהוּ Je 17:8 +; pl. cstr. עֲלֵי Ne 8:15 +; sf. עָלֶהָ Is 1:30;—leaf, leafage, of various trees Gn 3:7; 8:11; Ne 8:15^(×5); green Je 17:8, flourishing Pr 11:28; but usually fading Is 1:30; 34:4; 64:5; Je 8:13; Ez 47:12 ψ 1:3; driven leaf Lv 26:36; Jb 13:25; עלה לִתְרוּפָה leaf for healing Ez 47:12.

עָלָה

עָלָה₈₉₀ vb. go up, ascend, climb (NH id.; MI ^{33 (?)}; Ph. עלה; Assyrian elû; Arabic عَلَا; 𝔗 and Syriac in der. species; cf. perhaps Ethiopic ለዐለ: (for ለዐዐለ: ዐልዐለ: Di ⁵⁴); Sab. עלי = عَلَّى DHM^{ZMG xxxvii. 415}, cf. עלוהו = عُلْوَهُ Sab Denkm ⁹¹);—
Qal Pf. 3 ms. ע׳ Gn 19:15 +; 3 fs. עָֽלְתָה 40:10 +; עָלָ֑תָה Je 14:2 1 S 1:22; 2 ms. עָלִיתָ Gn 49:4 +, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יַעֲלֶה 2:6 +, יַ֫עַל 44:33 +, וַיַּעַל 13:1 +; sf. יַעֲלֶנָּה Is 35:9, etc.; Inf. abs. עָלֹה Gn 46:4 + 2 times; cstr. עֲלוֹת 32:25 +, etc.; Imv. עֲלֵה 35:1 +; fs. עֲלִי Nu 21:17 +, pl. עֲלוּ Gn 44:17 +; Pt. עֹלֶה 38:13 +; עוֹלֶה Is 24:18 +, pl. עֹלִים Gn 28:12 +, etc.;— 1. of persons, go up, ascend, in local relations: a. from low place to high, c. מִן, מִמִּצְרַיִם Gn 45:25 (E) + 6 times; מארץ מצרים Ex 13:18 (E) + 3 times; †מִבָּבֶל Ezr 7:6; 8:1; מִן הירדן Jos 4:16, 17, 19 (P); ם(ן־ה)מדבר Ct 3:6; 8:5 etc. b. out of a place, c. מִן, מִן הארץ 1 S 28:13; מֵהַבְּאֵר 2 S 17:21; הַפַּחַת (תּוֹךְ)םִ Is 24:18 Je 48:44. c. c. acc. of place whither: a city ביתאל Gn 35:1, 3 (E); באר שׁבע 26:23 (J); a mountain ההר Nu 13:17 (JE) Dt 1:24 +, etc.; a bed Gn 49:4^(×2) (J) 2 K 1:4, 16, gate Ru 4:1; (הַ)שָּׁיִם Dt 30:12; 2 K 2:11 Am 9:2 + 4 times; c. אֶל־, אל (ה)הר Ex 19:23; 34:2, 4 (J) 24:15, 18 (P) + 5 times P; אֶל־הַמָּקוֹם Dt 17:8, אל ירושׁלם Ezr 7:7; Is 2:3 = Mi 4:2 (אל הר), c. acc. loc. + אֶל־י׳ (v. 2 b) Je 31:6, of going up to Jerusalem (from a distance), etc.; c. לְ to, לירושׁלם Ezr 1:3 (from Babylon); לבית 1 S 25:35, etc.; c. עַד unto, עד־נחל Nu 32:9 (J); †c. בְּ, בְּאַחַת עָרֵי 2 S 2:1 (constr. praegn.); בְּבעל פְּרָצִים 1 Ch 14:11, בָּהָר Dt 5:5; בְּגֹרָלִי Ju 1:3. d. to sacred places, Ex 34:24, c. acc. †בית יהוה, from palace 2 K 19:14; 20:5, 8; 23:2; 2 Ch 29:20; 34:30; Is 37:14; 38:22 Je 26:10; במה 1 S 9:13, 14, 19; c. אֶל, אל הר האלהים Ex 24:13 (E); בּבית י׳ 1 S 1:7 (בּ dittogr.); בהר יהוה ψ 24:3. e. c. acc. דֶּרֶךְ by the way to †Nu 21:33 (E) Dt 3:1; Ju 8:11; 1 S 6:9; 2 K 3:8; מעלה Je 48:5; חוֹמָה Jo 2:7. f. ascent, climb, c. בְּ by, a ladder Gn 28:12 (E), Ez 40:6, 22, 49, etc.; c. עַל upon, altar by (ב) steps, of priest, Ex 20:23 (Gi van d. H. v 26; E) the roof Jos 2:8 Ju 9:51, bed ψ 132:3; עַל־יָדָיו on his hands 1 S 14:13; על במתי עב Is 14:14 (‖ ממעל לכוכבי אֵל), etc. 2. go up, in personal relations: a. to meet or visit, c. אֶל pers., Gn 44:17, 24, 34; 45:9 (J) Jos 10:4, 6 (all with implication of ascent), Dt 25:7 (to gate of city), +; c. †על pers., Gn 38:12 (+ ה loc., up to Timnah); לקראת 46:29 (J) Ju 6:35; 2 K 1:3, 6, 7 †b. go up unto (אֶל) God, on a height, אל האלהים Ex 19:3 (E) 1 S 10:3; אל יהוה Ex 24:1 (E) 19:24; 32:30 (J) Ju 21:5^(×2), 8 (to war); אֵלַי Ex 24:12 (E) Dt 10:1; unto Deborah Ju 4:5. c. go up, in war, c. אֶל against Nu 13:31 (E) Ju 1:1; 12:12:3 1 S 7:7 Is 36:10 (= על 2 K 18:25) +; oftener c. על, 1 S 14:10 Ju 6:3; 15:10; 18:9; 1 K 14:25 +; c. על + לַצָּבָא Jos 22:12, 33 (P); c. בְּ, Is 7:6; Je 48:18; c. לְ, Hb 3:16; + למלחמה Ju 20:18 + 3 times; + במלחמה 1 S 29:9; וַתּעל(ה) המלחמה 1 K 22:35 = 2 Ch 18:34. d. go up after, c. אחרי = follow 1 S 25:13; 1 K 1:35, 40. e. go up, depart, c. מֵעַל (q.v.) 1 S 6:20 Gn 17:22; 35:13 (P) +, subj. כבוד י׳ Ez 11:23, 24; = withdraw, retreat, 1 K 15:19; 2 K 12:19; Je 21:2, abs. 2 S 23:9, and so read ‖ 1 Ch 11:13 (v. Dr^Sm). †3. of animals, go or come up: abs. frogs Ex 7:28 (J) 8:2 (P), quails Ex 16:13 (P); lion Is 35:9; fox Ne 3:25; rise up, fly up, eagle Is 40:31; Je 49:22; c. מִן, cattle out of water Gn 41:2, 3, 18, 19 Ct 4:2; 6:6, lion מִגְּאוֹן הַיַּרְדֵּן Je 49:19 = 50:44, מִסֻּבְּכוֹ Je 4:7, from prey Gn 49:9 (J); climb up into (ב) houses, locusts Jo 2:9; frogs, on (ב) persons Ex 7:29 (J); c. על, of cattle, sexually Gn 31:10, 12 (E); locusts upon the land Ex 10:12, 14 (E) Jo 1:6. †4. of vegetation, spring up, grow, shoot forth: trees Is 55:13^(×2) Ez 47:12; קיקיון Jon 4:6; grass Dt 29:22; Am 7:1; ears of grain Gn 41:5, 22 (E), also Gn 40:10 (E) Is 5:6; 32:13 cf. sim. 53:2; Ho 10:8; Pr 26:9; ע׳ כֻלּוֹ קמשׂנים Pr 24:31 all of it grown up with thorns, Is 34:13; fig. קֶרֶן Dn 8:3, 8. 5. of natural phenom. go up, rise: dew, Ex 16:14, i.e. disappear (P); אֵד ע׳ מִן־הָאָרֶץ Gn 2:6 (J), cloud 1 K 18:44; Je 4:13; ע׳ הַשַּׁחַר dawn, etc. Gn 19:15 (JE) Ju 19:25; 1 S 9:26 +; smoke Gn 19:28; Ex 19:18 (J) Ju 20:40 +; fire 6:21; flame 13:20; stench Is 34:3; Jo 2:20; incense Ez 8:11; well Nu 21:17 (E); waters Je 47:2; Nile Je 46:7, 8; Am 8:8; 9:5; c. על, of overflow Is 8:7 +. †6. of inanimate things (instead of passive construction), abs., shock of grain (to גֹּרֶן) Jb 5:26; of בָּשָׂר (covering bones in Ezek.’s vision) Ez 37:8; c. על, of garments upon the body Lv 19:19 (P) Ez 44:17; razor on head Ju 13:5; 16:17; 1 S 1:11; yoke upon oxen Nu 19:2 (P) 1 S 6:7; lot upon an animal Lv 16:9, 10 (P); c. בְּ, weight in balance ψ 62:10; entry in (ב) a book 1 Ch 27:24; = be offered (of sacrif.) 1 K 18:29; 2 K 3:20; Is 60:7; אֲרוּכָה (q.v.) in healing, Je 8:22, fig. 2 Ch 24:13; Ne 4:1. 7. of thoughts, ע׳ על לב 2 K 12:5; Is 65:17 + 5 times; ע׳ על לבב Je 51:50; Ez 38:10; ע׳ אל לב 14:7; ע׳ על רוּחַ 20:32; of anger 2 S 11:20; 2 Ch 36:16 (ב pers.) + 3 times; temper Ec 10:4 (עָלֶיךָ). 8. come up before God, arrogance, בְּאָזְנָיו 2 K 19:28 = Is 37:29; cry, אֶל־א׳ Ex 2:23 (P), c. acc. 1 S 5:12, abs. Je 14:2; tumult ψ 74:23; of evil Jon 1:2 (לְפָנַי). †9. go up, extend, of boundary, c. מִן whence, + acc., אֶל, לְ and even בְ whither Jos 15:3, 6, 8; 18:12^(×2) + (all P). †10. excel: thou excellest (עַל) them Pr 31:29; be superior to יעלה עליך מעלה מעלה Dt 28:43.—עוֹלֶה Jb 36:33 is difficult, cf. Comm., and v. עַוְלָה.
†Niph. Pf. 3 ms. נַעֲלָה Nu 10:11 +; 2 ms. נַעֲלֵיתָ ψ 97:9; Impf. יֵעָלֶה Ex 40:37, etc.; Inf. cstr. הֵעָלוֹת Nu 9:17 +, etc.; Imv. mpl. הֵעָלוּ 16:24;— 1. a. be brought up: מבבל לירושׁלם Ezr 1:11. b. be taken up, וַתֵּעֲלוּ על שׂפת לשׁון Ez 36:3 (Kö^{i 553}; talked about). c. (1) pass., be taken up, away, of (pillar of) cloud, sq. מֵעַל of tabern. Ex 40:36; Nu 9:17; 10:11 (P); abs. Ex 40:37^(×2); Nu 9:21^(×2), 22 (P); of the glory from upon the cherubim Ez 9:3; (2) reflex., take oneself away from, get up from: מִסָּבִיב Nu 16:24; מֵעַל v 27; of a besieging army Je 37:5, 11. 2. reflex.: take oneself away מאחרי pers., from following after, 2 S 2:27. 3. be exalted, of God ψ 47:10; c. על, over all gods 97:9.
Hiph. Pf. הֶעֱלָה Nu 8:3 +, הֵעֲלָה Hb 1:15 (Ges^{§ 63 p}); sf. הֶעֶלְךָ Ne 9:18, הֶעֱלָנוּ Ex 32:1 + 2 times; 3 fs. וְהַעַלְתָה 1 S 2:19 consec.; sf. הֶעֱלָ֫תַם Jos 2:6; 2 ms. הֶעֱלִיתָ Ex 33:1 +; וְהַעֲלִיתָ Dt 27:6 +; הֶעֱלֵיתָ Ex 32:7; וְהַעֲלֵיתָ consec 40:4; 1 p. הֶעֱלִיתִי Am 2:10; 2 mpl. sf. הֶעֱלִיתֻנוּ Nu 20:5; 21:5, etc.; Impf. יַעֲלֶה Lv 17:8 +; וְיַ֫עַל 2 S 24:22; וַיַּעֲלֶה Je 10:13; וַיַּ֫עַל Gn 8:20 +, sf. יַעְלֵם Dt 28:61, etc.; Inf. abs. הַעֲלֵה Ez 23:46; cstr. הַעֲלוֹת 1 Ch 23:31 +, etc.; Imv. הַ֫עַל Ex 33:12 + 2 times; fs. הַעֲלִי 1 S 28:8, 11 +, etc.; Pt. מַעֲלֶה 7:10 +; cstr. מַעֲלֵה Lv 11:4 +; sf. מַעַלְךָ Dt 20:1 ψ 81:11; f. מַעֲלָה Lv 11:26; cstr. מַעֲלַת Lv 11:3, 6; Dt 14:6, etc.;— 1. bring up persons: a. from a place, c. מִן: מִן הַסָּ֑לַע Ju 15:13; מִמִּצְרַיִם Ex 17:3 (E) + 3 times E, + 8 times; מארץ מצרים Ex 32:1 (J) + 5 times J, + Lv 11:45 (P), Dt 20:1; Jos 24:17 (E), + 13 times; מארץ צפון Je 16:15 = 23:8. b. (1) out of a place, c. כן: †םִ(ן הַ)בּוֹר Gn 37:28 (E) ψ 40:3 Je 38:10; 13; משּׁחת Jon 2:7; מקּברות Ez 37:12, 13; מן־שׁאול ψ 30:4, etc.; (2) c. בְּ by means of, בְּחֶרְמִי Ez 32:3 (Hb 1:15 v. 3 infr.). c. c. acc. of place whither, Nu 20:25 (P) 22:41 (E) Jos 2:6; 7:24 (J) Ezr 4:2; השׁמים 2 K 2:1; c. אֶל: אֶל־הָעֲלִיָּה 1 K 17:19; c. לְ: לבית 2 Ch 8:11. d. cause to ascend, climb: על המרכבה 1 K 20:33 (אֶל 2 K 10:15 prob. error), על־המגדלות 2 Ch 32:5 (𝔙 built towers thereon, i.e. ע׳ עָלָיו); מֵעַל לחומה Ne 12:31 vid. עַל IV 2 e. †2. in personal relations: a. bring up, c. אל, 1 S 19:15 2 K 10:15; 25:6; Je 39:5; 52:9; c. לְ, 1 S 28:8, 11^(×2). b. in war, c. עַל against 2 Ch 36:17; Je 50:9; Ez 16:40; 23:46; 26:3. c. take away (from life) ψ 102:25 Jb 36:20. †3. bring up animals, c. על, frogs על הארץ Ex 8:1, 3 (P); bring up horses to a charge Je 51:27, cf. Na 3:3; draw up men, under fig. of fish (בְּחַכָּה) Hb 1:15; train, young lion Ez 19:3; of cattle, מעלה גֵרָה, i.e. chewing the cud Lv 11:3, 4^(×2), 5, 6, 26 Dt 14:6, 7^(×2) 4. cause to ascend: c. acc. rei, smoke מן העיר Ju 20:38; stench באף Am 4:10, etc.; bring waters upon, על Is 8:7; bring up from (מן loc.) 2 S 6:2, 12; 1 K 8:1; Gn 50:25 (JE), +; c. אֶל loc., Ju 16:3; 1 Ch 15:3, 12, c. acc. loc. 2 Ch 2:15; c. אל pers. 1 S 6:21; c. לְ pers. Ju 16:8; 1 S 2:19; c. על, bring sickness upon Dt 28:61; †הע׳ עפר על ראשׁ throw dust on the head Jos 7:6; La 2:10; Ez 27:30; clothe sackcloth upon Am 8:10; flesh upon Ez 37:6; put ornaments on 2 S 1:24; cf. also 1 K 10:16, 17 = 2 Ch 9:15, 16; 2 Ch 3:5, 14; הע׳ נֵר light lamp (make flame go up; Thes; al. of raising lamp upon the lamp-stand) Ex 25:37; 27:20 + 6 times P; bring up new flesh (heal; v. אֲרוּכָה Je 30:17; 33:6. †5. mentally: הע׳ גִּלּוּלִים על לב Ez 14:3, אל לב v 7, i.e. make object of thought; rouse, stir up, c. acc. אַף, anger Pr 15:1, cf. Ez 24:8. †6. הע׳ מנחה ל׳ 2 K 17:4 offer a present; bring up tithe to (ל) Ne 10:39; הע׳מַם raise a levy 1 K 5:27; 9:15, למם v 21 2 Ch 8:8. †7. exalt: ψ 137:6 if I exalt not Jerus. above (עַל) my chief joy; אנכי אַעַלְךָ גם־(מ)עלה Gn 46:4 (E) I will exalt thee exceedingly (cf; Qal 10; מ lost in MT, after ם; Di and most bring up). 8. cause to ascend (in flame; Thes al. to go up on altar), offer sacrifice, usually עֹלָה, either alone or foll. by other sacrif.: העלה עלות Ex 24:5 (E) 32:6 (J) Lv 17:8 (H) Dt 12:13, 14 + (see עֹלָה); seldom: †קטרת Ex 30:9 (P), cf. ψ 66:15; †מנחה Is 57:6; 66:3, also prob. 1 K 18:29, 36; 2 K 3:20 (> Qal); פר(ים) Nu 23:2, 4, 14, 30 (E) ψ 51:21; הטוב בעיניו 2 S 24:22; הע׳ ליהוה Ju 13:16; abs. 2 Ch 8:13; 29:29; †הע׳ לעולה Gn 22:2, 13 (E); c. acc. loc. מַעֲלֶה בָמָה Je 48:35; מזבח(ה) Lv 14:20 (P) Is 60:7 (> Qal); c. לְ loc. 2 Ch 29:27; c. בְּ loc. Gn 8:20 (J) Nu 23:2, 4, 14, 30 (E); עַל־הַחֹמָה 2 K 3:27; usually על loc., על הַצּוּר Ju 13:19, הע׳ על מזבח 1 K 12:32, 33^(×2); 2 K 16:12; 2 Ch 1:6; 29:21; 1 S 2:28, פרים על מזבח ψ 51:21; elsewhere הע׳ עלות על מזבח Ex 40:29 (P) Jos 22:23; 1 K 3:4; 9:25; 2 Ch 1:6; 35:16; Ezr 3:2; Ez 43:18, הע׳ עלות ליהוה על מז׳ Dt 27:6;Jos 8:31; 1 Ch 16:40; 2 Ch 8:12; Ezr 3:3.
†Hoph. Pf.;— 1. be carried away, 3 fs. הֹעֲלָ֑תָה Na 2:8. 2. be taken up into, inserted in 3 ms. הֹעֲלָה 2 Ch 20:34 (על ספר) (pass. of Qal 6). 3. 3 ms. be offered, of פר Ju 6:28 (על המזבח).
†Hithp. lift oneself: Impf. 3 ms. אֶל־יִתְעַל Je 51:3 against (him that) lifts himself, but corrupt; either read אַל־, let him not, etc. (𝔖 𝔗 𝔙 Hi Gf Gie Rothst), or del. אל (𝔊 Co^Hpt).

עֹלָה

II. עֹלָה₂₈₆ n.f. whole burnt-offering (that which goes up (√ 6) to heaven (al. on altar));—ע׳ Gn 22:3 + 141 times; עוֹלָה Nu 28:37 + 33 times; cstr. עֹלַת Ex 29:42 + 27 times, עוֹלַת Nu 28:24 + 2 times; sf. עוֹלָֽתְךָ ψ 20:4, etc.; pl. עֹלוֹת Jos 8:31 + 42 times, עֹלֹת Gn 8:20 + 3 times; עוֹלֹת Dt 27:6, עוֹלוֹת Am 5:22 +; sf. עֹלוֹתֵיכֶם Je 6:20 +, etc.;—the whole burnt-offering (beast or fowl) is entirely consumed and goes up in the flame of the altar to God expressing the ascent of the soul in worship. All of the victim is laid on the altar except the hide and such parts as could not be washed clean. If beast the ע׳ must be a male without blemish Lv 1:3, 10; 22:18, 19, of herd or flock; if of flock, either sheep or goat; if fowl, either turtledove or young pigeon Lv 1:14, the latter usually offered by the poor †5:7; 12:8; 14:22; 15:14, 15, 29, 30; Nu 6:10, 11. A lamb was offered by individuals Lv 12:6; Nu 6:14, and by the nation at the עֹמֶר offering Lv 23:12, and daily at the עֹלַת הַבֹּקֶר 9:17; Nu 28:23; 2 K 16:15; Ez 46:13, and at morning and evening עלה תמיד Nu 28:3, †עֹלַת (הַ)תָּמִיד Ex 29:42; Nu 28:6, 10, 15, 23, 24, 31; 29:6, 11, 16, 19, 22, 25, 28, 31, 34, 38; Ezr 3:5; Ne 10:34; Ez 46:15. These were doubled at the עֹלַת שַׁבָּת Nu 28:10. A ram was offered by Aaron and his sons †Ex 29:18; Lv 8:18; 9:2; 16:3, 5; but a young bullock was of greater value Nu 15:8, 24; 2 S 24:22 1 Ch 21:23, at consecration of Levites Nu 8:12, so calves Mi 6:6; on great occasions bullocks + rams Nu 23:1—6, 14, 15, bullocks + rams + lambs Is 1:11; one of each kind offered by tribal chiefs Nu 7:15, 21, 27, 33, 39, 45, 51, 57, 63, 69, 76, 81, 87. In ritual of עֹלַת (ה)חֹדֶשׁ Nu 28:14; 29:6 and at מצּות and Pentecost 2 bullocks, 1 ram, and 7 lambs were added to daily offering Nu 28:11, 19, 27; at offering of new bread at Pentecost 1 bullock, 2 rams, and 7 lambs Lv 23:18; on the 1st and 10th of the 7th month and at עצרת 1 bullock, 1 ram, and 7 lambs, in addition to the offerings of new moon Nu 29:2, 8, 36; the system culminated in 70 bullocks, 14 rams, 98 lambs for the 7 days of Tabernacles 29:13 ff. According to Ezek. the prince was to offer on each of 7 days of מצות 7 bullocks and 7 rams Ez 45:23, and on Sabbath 6 lambs and 1 ram 46:4. At the reconsecration of temple 70 bullocks, 100 rams, and 200 lambs were offered 2 Ch 29:32, and at the return of exiles 12 bullocks, 96 rams, and 77 lambs Ezr 8:35. In early times whole burnt-offerings of children were sometimes made, e.g. Jephthah’s daughter Ju 11:31, Isaac proposed as, Gn 22:2 but ram substituted v 13; made to other gods 2 K 3:27; Je 19:5 +. The ע׳ was anciently made on any altar used for worship, but in P confined to †מִזְבַּח הָעֹלָה Ex 30:28; 31:9; 35:16; 38:1; 40:6, 10, 29; Lv 4:7, 10, 18, 25^(×2), 30, 34; 1 Ch 6:34; 16:40; 21:26, 29; 2 Ch 29:18 (not in other lit.); מזבח לעלה Jos 22:29; 1 Ch 22:1. The offerer imposed his hands on head of animal, then slaughtered it Lv 1:4, 5; †שׁחט ע׳ 4:24, 33; 6:8; 7:2; 9:12; 14;14:13, 19, 31; Ez 40:39, 42; 44:11, and flayed it †הִפְשִׁיט ע׳ Lv 1:6 2 Ch 29:34. The priest washed the pieces Ez 40:38; arranged them on the altar above the wood Lv 6:5; the fire devoured them v 2—6; 9:24; 1 K 18:38; 2 Ch 7:1, they went up in the flame ריח ניחח ליהוה (ל) Lv 1:9, 13, 17; 8:21 Nu 28:13; לְרָצוֹן, according to character of offerer is Is 56:7; Je 6:20; see also ψ 20:4; 40:7; 51:18; 1 S 15:22. Phrases: †העלה ע׳ Gn 8:20 Ex 32:6 (J) 24:5 (E) 30:9; 40:29; Lv 14:20; 17:8 (P) Dt 12:13, 14; 27:6; Jos 8:31; 22:23; Ju 6:26; 20:26; 21:4; 1 S 6:14, 15; 7:9, 10; 10:8; 13:9, 10, 12; 2 S 6:17, 18; 24:24, 25; 1 K 3:4, 15; 9:25; 10:5; 2 K 3:27; 1 Ch 16:2, 40; 21:24, 26; 23:31; 29:21; 2 Ch 1:6; 8:12; 9:4; 23:18; 24:14; 29:7, 27; 35:14, 16; Ezr 3:2, 3, 6; Jb 1:5; 42:8 ψ 66:15 Je 14:12; 33:18; Ez 43:18, 24; Am 5:22 (cf. העלה 9); †זבח ע׳ Ex 20:24 (E); עשׂה לע׳ Lv 23:12; Nu 6:11; 15:24; 29:39; †עָשָׂה ע׳ Lv 5:10; 9:7, 22; 15:15, 30; 16:24^(×2); Nu 6:16; 8:12; 15:3, 8; 29:2; Dt 12:27; Ju 13:16; 1 K 8:61; 2 K 5:17; 10:24, 25; 2 Ch 7:7; Ez 43:27; 45:17, 23; 46:2, 12^(×2), 13; †הִקְרִיב ע׳ Lv 7:8; 9:16; 10:19; 23:37; Nu 28:3, 11, 19, 27; 29:8, 13, 36; 1 Ch 16:1; Ezr 8:35; Ez 46:4; הקריב לע׳ Lv 22:18; Nu 6:14; †הביא ע׳ Dt 12:6, 11; 2 Ch 29:31, 32; 30:15; Is 43:23; Je 17:26; †הקטיר ע׳ 2 K 16:13, 15; 2 Ch 13:11.—עֹלָתָה, עוֹלוֹת v. also עַוְלָה sub I. עוּל.

עֹלָה²

† III. [עֹלָה] n.f. ascent, stairway, עלותו Ez 40:26 Kt, עֹלוֹתָיו Qr; read prob. מַעֲלָתוֹ (𝔊 Co SS לוֹ, Toy עֹלָתוֹ).

עַלְוָה

† I. עַלְוָה transp. from עַוְלָה (q.v.) Ho 10:9.

עַלְוָה²

† II. עַלְוָה n.pr.m. in Edom Gn 36:40 (P) = 1 Ch 1:51 Qr (Kt עליה), 𝔊 Γωλα; 𝔊L^Chr Αλουα.

עֲלוּמִים

† [עֲלוּמִים] n.pl.abstr. youth, youthful vigour;—only sf. עֲלוּמָיו Jb 20:11 Qr (Kt עֲלוּמוֹ); עֲלוּמָיו ψ 89:46 Jb 33:25; עֲלוּמַיִךְ Is 54:4.

עַלְוָן

† עַלְוָן n.pr.m. in Edom Gn 36:23 (P), 𝔊 Γωλων, Γωλαμ = 1 Ch 1:40 Qr (Kt עלין), 𝔊 Σωλαμ, A Ιωλαμ, 𝔊L Αλουαν.

עֲלוּקָה

† עֲלוּקָה n.f. leech (perhaps Aramaic loan-wd.; > vampyre-like demon, Ew al. = Arabic ʿAulaḳ We^{Heid. 2, 149}, or name of sage, as some Rabb.; v. discussion De Toy);—לַע׳ שְׁתֵּי בָנוֹת Pr 30:15.

עָלֵז

† עָלֵז adj. exultant, jubilant; as n. Is 5:14.

עָלַז

† [עָלַז] vb. exult (‖ form of עלץ q.v.; cf. Ph. n.pr.m. נבעלז);—
Qal Impf. 3 ms. יַעֲלֹז ψ 96:12; 1 s. וָאֶעְלֹז Je 15:17; אֶעֱלֹ֑זָה ψ 60:8; 108:8; 3 mpl. יַעְלְזוּ 149:5, יַעֲ֑לֹזוּ Je 51:39 ψ 94:3, etc.; Imv. fs. עָלְזִי Zp 3:14; mpl. עִלְזוּ ψ 68:5; Inf. cstr. לַעֲלוֹז Is 23:12;—exult, triumph Is 23:12 Je 15:17; of Isr.’s foes 2 S 1:20; Je 50:11 (‖ שׂמח), of wicked ψ 94:3 Je 11:15; of Isr. Zp 3:14 (+ שִׂמְחִי), בְּי׳ אֶע׳ Hb 3:18 in י׳ will I exult (‖ אָגִילָה), ψ 149:5; ע׳ לְכָּנָיו 68:5; subj. לִבִּי 28:7, כִּלְיוֹתָ֑י Pr 23:16; fig. of field ψ 96:12 (‖ רָנַן); of י׳ ψ 60:8 = 108:8.

עֲלָטָה

† עֲלָטָה n.f. thick darkness (*NH עֲלָטָה (rare); according to Ba^{ES 5} transp. from Arabic غَطَلَ [be cloudy]; غَيْطَلَةٌ darkness);—abs. ע׳, attending sunset Gn 15:17 (c. vb. masc.; Albr^{ZAW xv (1895). 325} Kö^{Synt. § 350 e} read הָֽיְתָה); בַּע׳ Ez 12:7 (‖ בָּעֶרֶב), v 6, 12.

עֱלִי

† עֱלִי n. [m.] pestle (as instrument above the mortar);—Pr 27:22.

עֲלֵי

עֲלֵי v. עַל.

עִלִּי

† [עִלִּי] adj. upper;—fs. עִלִּית Ju 1:15; pl. עִלִּיּוֹת Jos 15:19 (opp. תַּחְתִּית, תַּחְתִּיּוֹת).

עֵלִי

עֵלִי n.pr.m. Eli, priest at Shiloh 1 S 1:3 (+ v 3 𝔊 Th Klo HPS), v 9, 12 + 28 times 1—4 + 14:3 1 K 2:27; Ηλει.

עֵלִי²

עֵלִי, עֱלִי, עִלִּי, עֲלִיָּה, עֶלְיוֹן v. עלה.

עֲלִיָּה

† עֲלִיָּה n.f. (c. adj. masc. Je 22:14, cf. Albrecht^{ZAW xvi (1896), 83} Kö^{Synt. § 251 K}) roof-chamber (NH id., 𝔗 עֲלִיתָא, Syriac ܥܶܠܻܝܬܳܐ (whence Arabic عُلِّيَّة dining-room as loan-wd. Frä ^{20 f.}); Sab. עלית DHM^{Epigr. Denkm. 27});—chamber on roof, cool and secluded: abs. ע׳ Ju 3:23, 24, 25 (cf. Nes^{Marg. 13}), 1 K 17:19, 23 2 K 4:11; cstr. עֲלִיַת הַמְּקֵרָה Ju 3:20, ע׳־קִיר 2 K 4:10 roof-chamber with walls (permanent); ע׳ הַשַּׁעַר 2 S 19:1, i.e. over the gateway; ע׳ הַפִּנָּה Ne 3:31, 32 i.e. at a corner of the wall; ע׳ אָחָז 2 K 23:12 (prob. built by A.); sf. עֲלִיָּתוֹ 1:2 (belonging to Ahaziah));—2 Ch 9:4 read עֹלֹתָיו (cf. ‖ 1 K 10:5); pl. abs. עֲלִיּוֹת מְרֻוָּחִים Je 22:14 spacious roof-chambers; in Sol.’s temple according to 2 Ch 3:9, so sf. עֲלִיֹּתָיו 1 Ch 28:11; more gen. עֲלִיּוֹתָיו Je 22:13; י׳’s chambers in sky ψ 104:3, containing rain, v 13.

עַלְיָה

עַלְיָה, עַלְיָן v. עלוה, עלון.

עֶלְיוֹן

I. עֶלְיוֹן₂₂ adj.
1. high;—ms. ע׳ Dt 26:19; 28:1; 1 K 9:8 (? reading הַבַּיִת הַזֶּה הָע׳ as 𝔊L Benz) = 2 Ch 7:21, of י׳ ψ 97:9.
2. upper Bethhoron, ע׳ Jos 16:5 העליון 1 Ch 7:24; 2 Ch 8:5, the upper (opp. lower), of house Ne 3:25; cf. 2 K 15:35; 2 Ch 23:20 + 5 times, + Gn 40:17 (uppermost basket); fs. הָעֶלְיוֹנָה the upper pool 2 K 18:17 = Is 36:2; Is 7:3; the highest side-chamber (צֵלָע) Ez 41:7; fpl. הָעֶלְיוֹנֹת 42:5 the upper chambers (לְשָׁכוֹת).
3. of Davidic king exalted above monarchs ψ 89:28 (cf. Dt 28:1, supr.).

עֶלְיוֹן²

† II. עֶלְיוֹן n.m. Highest, Most High (prob. = foreg.);—
1. name of God Nu 24:16; Dt 32:8 ψ 18:14 = 2 S 22:14 ψ 9:3; 21:8; 46:5; 50:14; 73:11; 77:11; 78:17; 83:19; 87:5; 91:1, 9; 92:2; 107:11; Is 14:14; La 3:35, 38; with other divine names: אל עליון Gn 14:18, 19, 20, 22 (v. Di) ψ 78:35; יהוה עליון ψ 7:18; 47:3; אלהים עליון ψ 57:3; 78:56.
2. of rulers, either monarchs or angel-princes, בְּנֵי עֶלְיוֹן = אלהים ψ 82:6.

עַלִּיז

† [עַלִּיז] adj. exultant, jubilant (on form cf. Lag^{BN 110});—fs. עַלִּיזָה jubilant city Is 22:2 (‖ עִיר הֹמִיָּה), 32:13, cf. Zp 2:15 and (city om.) Is 23:7; of pers., pl. שְׁאוֹן עַלִּיזִים 24:8; cstr. עַלִּיזֵי גַּאֲוָתִי 13:3, cf. Zp 3:11, v. גַּאֲוָה.

עֲלִיל

† עֲלִיל appar. n.[m.], only כֶּסֶף צָרוּף בַּע׳ לָאָרֶץ ψ 12:7, usually (after 𝔗 כּוּרָא) furnace, crucible (Hup from III. עלל; De al. workshop, from I. עלל), but wholly dub.; NH openly Levy^{NHWB iii. 654}; Che Du del. as gloss; cf. discussion Che^{Expos. Times viii. 236, 336} Ne ^{ib. 287, 379}.

עֲלִילָה

† עֲלִילָה n.f. wantonness, deed;—abs. ע׳ ψ 14:1; 66:5; elsewhere pl. עֲלִלוֹת 1 S 2:3 ψ 141:4; cstr. עֲלִילֹת Dt 22:14, 17; sf. עֲלִילוֹתֶיךָ ψ 77:13, עֲלִילוֹתָם Zp 3:7 +, etc.;—
1. wantonness, ע׳ דְּבָרִים Dt 22:14, 17 wantonness of words, i.e. baseless charges (cf. Di, especially Dr).
2. deed: a. in gen., of men 1 S 2:3. b. of י׳ (only ψψ) ψ 9:12 = 105:1 = Is 12:4 = 1 Ch 16:8, ψ 77:13 (‖ פָּעֳלֶ֑ךָ), 78:11 (‖ נִפְלְאוֹתָיו), 103:7; נוֹרָא ע׳ עַל 66:5 he is terrible in deed toward, etc. c. usually practices = evil deeds (especially Ez 8 times): Ez 14:22, 23; 20:43; 24:14; 36:17, 19 (all ‖ דֶּרֶךְ), fully ע׳ הַנִּשְׁחָתוֹת 20:44 (‖ ד׳ הָרָעִים); 21:29 Zp 3:11; הִשְׁחִיתוּ כָּל־ע׳ v 7.

עֲלִילִיָּה

† עֲלִילִיָּה n.f. (Kö^{ii. 1, 204}) deed;—of י׳, רַב הָע׳ Je 32:19 (‖ גְּדֹל הָעֵצָה); but read prob. הָעֲלִילָה.

עֲלִיצוּת

† [עֲלִיצוּת] n.f. exultation;—sf. עֲלִיצֻתָם כְּמוֹ לֶאֱכֹל עָנִי Hb 3:14 their exultation was as it were to devour the poor.

עלל

II. עלל (√ of foll.; poss. = I.עלל (Kö^{ii. 1, 106}) whence child as capricious, mischievous, but dub.; > foll. from עוּל; in either case orig. meaning quite forgotten; prob. distinct √, meaning unknown).

עָלַל

† I. [עָלַל] vb. Poʿēl, act arbitrarily (toward) (NH id., deal with (rare), and deriv.; Arabic عَلَّ do a thing (drink, beat, give) a second time, ii. divert, occupy, v. divert, occupy oneself with (food, a woman, etc.); Syriac ܥܶܠܬܳܐ cause, occasion, affair);—act severely, always c. ל pers.: Pf. 2 ms. עוֹלַלְתָּ לִי La 1:22 as thou hast acted severely to me (in punishment, subj. י׳); לְמִי ע׳ 2:20 to whom hast thou acted thus severely? 3 fs. עֵינִי עוֹלְלָה לְנַפְשִׁי 3:51 my eye deals severely with me, i.e. gives me pain (?; text dub.; cf. Perles^{Anal. 18} Bu). Imv. ms. עוֹלֵל לָמוֹ La 1:22 deal severely with them.—Vid. also ע׳ denom. infr. Pōʿal Pf. 3 ms. מַכְאֹבִי אֲשֶׁר עוֹלַל לִי La 1:12 my pain which is severely dealt out to me.
Hithpa. Pf. 1. busy, divert oneself with (cf. Arabic v.), always c. ב pers.: 1 s. אֶת־אֲשֶׁר הִתְעַלַּלְתִּי בְּ׳ Ex 10:2 (J) how I [י׳] have made a toy of Egypt; especially deal wantonly, ruthlessly with (ב pers.): 3 ms. הִתְעַלֵּל 1 S 6:6; 2 fs. הִתְעַלַּלְתְּ Nu 22:29 (JE; Balaam’s ass); 3 pl. וְהִתְעַלְּלוּ consec. 1 S 31:4 = 1 Ch 10:4; Je 38:19; Impf. 3 mpl. וַיִּתְעַלְּלוּ־בָהּ Ju 19:25 (of abusing a woman; ‖ וַיֵּדְעוּ אֹתָהּ). Hithpōʿ. Inf. cstr. לְהִתְעוֹלֵל עֲלִלוֹת ψ 141:4 to practise practice in wickedness (perhaps denom.).

עָלַל²

† [עָלַל] vb. denom. Pōʿ. glean (grapes or olives; לִקֵּט of grain);—Impf. 2 ms. תְּעוֹלֵל Lv 19:10 (obj. כֶּרֶם; ‖ תְּלַקֵּט), Dt 24:21 (abs., + אַחֲרֶיךָ); 3 mpl. fig. (+ Inf. abs.) עוֹלֵל יְעוֹלְלוּ כַגֶּפֶן שְׁאֵרִית יִשְׂרָאֵל Je 6:9; וַיְעֹלְלֻהוּ Ju 20:45 they made a gleaning of them (i.e. smote the fugitives).

עָלַל³

† [עָלַל] vb. denom. act or play the child;—only Pōʿ. Pt. עַמִּי נֹגְשָׂיו מְעוֹלֵל Is 3:12 my people—its ruler is acting the child.

עָלַל⁴

† III. [עָלַל] vb. insert, thrust in (Arabic غَلَّ whence غُلٌّ yoke; cf. Old Aramaic עלל, 𝔗 עֲלַל, Syriac ܥܰܠ, all enter);—only Pōʿ. Pf. 1 s. וְעֹלַלְתִּי בֶעָפָר קַרְנִי Jb 16:15 fig. of humiliation.

עלם

II. עלם (√ of foll.; perhaps orig. be mature (sexually); Aramaic עֲלֵם be strong, ܥܰܠܶܡ rejuvenate (certainly denom.), Arabic غَلِمَ be lustful (id.); cf. Sab. עֿלם, עֿלמן young man CIS^{iv. pp. 30, 42}, Arabic غُلَامٌ id.; Ph. עלמת girl; Nab. Palm. עלם, עלים slave, Palm. fpl. harlots; 𝔗 עוּלֵּימָא, עוּלֵּמְתָּא, Syriac ܥܠܰܝܡܳܐ, ܥܠܰܝܡܬܳܐ young man, young woman).

עֶ֫לֶם

† עֶ֫לֶם n.m. young man;—ע׳ abs. 1 S 20:22, הָעָ֑לֶם 17:56; ע׳ prob. also v ⁴²; 16:12 (for MT עִם) Gr Krenkel^{ZAW ii (1882), 309} Bu HPS.

עָלַם

† I. [עָלַם] vb. conceal (NH id., der. spec.);—
Qal Pt. pass. עֲלֻמֵנוּ ψ 90:8 as subst. our secret, i.e. hidden sin (‖ עֲוֹנֹת).
Niph. Pf. be concealed, of wisdom, 3 fs. נֶעֶלְמָה מֵעֵינֵי Jb 28:21; of a fact or condition, נֶעְלַם 2 Ch 9:2, וְנ׳ consec. Lv 5:2, 3, 4 (all c. מִן pers.), וְנ׳ מֵעֵינֵי Lv 4:13; Nu 5:13 (all P); Pt. 1. נֶעְלָם concealed, c. הָיָה in periphrastic conjug. 1 K 10:3 (מִן pers.); abs. כָּל־נֶעְלָם Ec 12:14. 2. fs. תְּהִי נַעֲלָמָה Na 3:11 mayest thou become obscured (as to the senses; fig. for swoon), but very doubtful, read perhaps נעלפה? [Dr]. 3. pl. נַעֲלָמִים ψ 26:4 those who conceal themselves, i.e. their thoughts, dissemblers (‖ מְתֵי שָׁוְא).
Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. הֶעְלִים 2 K 4:27; 3 pl. הֶעְלִימוּ Ez 22:26; Impf. 2 ms. תַּעְלִים ψ 10:1, תַּעְלֵם La 3:56; 3 mpl. יַעְלִימוּ Lv 20:4, etc.; Inf. abs. הַעְלֵם v 4; Pt. מַעְלִים Jb 42:3; Pr 28:27;—conceal, hide, c. מִן pers. 2 K 4:27 (‖ לֹא הִגִּיד לִי); usually hide the eyes from (מִן), i.e. disregard Is 1:15; Ez 22:26, הַעְלֵם יַע׳ וגו׳ Lv 20:4, מִן om. Pr 28:27; hide the eyes by (ב) a bride 1 S 12:3 (i.e. pervert justice, but v. i. עַיִן 3 d); hide (cover) the ear La 3:56 (turn a deaf ear); hide (obscure) counsel (עֵצָה) Jb 42:3; לָמָה תַּע׳ ψ 10:1 why dost thou [י׳] hide, sc. thine eyes (so most), or practise concealment (= hide thyself)?
Hithp. Pf. 2 ms. consec. וְהִתְעַלַּמְתָּ מֵהֶם Dt 22:1, 4 and thou hide thyself completely from them (utterly neglect to aid), so Inf. cstr. (מֵהֶם om.) לְהִתְעַלֵּם v 3; so also Impf. c. מִן, תִּתְעַלַּם ψ 55:2, תִּתְעַלָּ֑ם Is 58:7; once lit. יִתְעַלֶּם־שָׁ֑לֶג Jb 6:16 wherein snow hides itself.

עלם²

III. עלם (√ of foll., meaning dub.; cf. NH עוֹלָם (chiefly world, age); MI 7, 10 עלם, Ph. id., Aramaic עָֽלְמָא, ܥܳܠܡܳܐ, Nab. עלם, Palm. עלמא; Arabic عَالَمٌ creation, world, etc.; Ethiopic ዓለም: aevum, saeculum, etc.; according to Thes al. from i. עלם the hidden, cf. Kö^{ii. 1, 87}; Lag^{BN 115} cp. quadril. عألم primitive waters; Ew^{§ 77 a} cp. Ethiopic ዕለት: time [√ ועל Di⁹²³]; Ba^{ZMG xliv (1890), 685} cp. Assyrian ullûti, ullâ [ullânu, remote time], cf. Dl^{HWB 65} Jen^{ZA vii}).

עַלְמָה

† עַלְמָה n.f. young woman (ripe sexually; maid or newly married);—ע׳ Gn 24:43 (J), Ex 2:8 (E), Pr 30:19 Is 7:14; pl. עֲלָמוֹת ψ 68:26 Ct 1:3; 6:8; עַל־עֲלָמוֹת to (the voice of) young women, either lit., or of soprano or falsetto of boys: 1 Ch 15:20 ψ 9:1 (read עַל־עֲלָמוֹת לַבֵּן [for עַל־מוּת לַבֵּן, ‘voce virginea a pueris decantandum,’ Thes), 46:1; 48:15 (read עַל־עֲלָמוֹת [for עַל־מוּת]; tr. prob. to 49:1).

עַלְמוֹן

† עַלְמוֹן n.pr.loc. (cf. Sab. n.pr. עלמן Hal¹⁹²);—priestly city in Benj. Jos 21:18 (P), 𝔊 Γαμαλα, A Αλμων, 𝔊L Ελμων; = עָלֶמֶת in ‖ 1 Ch 6:45 (𝔊 Γαλεμεθ, 𝔊L Αλαμωθ); mod. ʿAlmît, c. 1 hour NE. of Jerusalem, v. Buhl^{Geogr. 175}.

עַלְמוֹן דִּבְלָתָ֑יְמָה

† עַלְמוֹן דִּבְלָתָ֑יְמָה n.pr.loc. in Moab, Nu 33:46, 47 (P), 𝔊 Γελμων Δεβλαθαιμ; = בֵּית ד׳ q.v.

עֲלָמוֹת

עֲלָמוֹת, עַל־מוּת etc., v. עַלְמָה sub II. עלם.

עֲלָמוֹת²

עֲלָמוֹת v. עַלְמָה, II. עלם.

עָלֶ֫מֶת

† עָלֶ֫מֶת 1. n.pr.m. a Benjamite 1 Ch 8:36; 9:42, עָלָ֑מֶת 7:8; 𝔊 Σαλαμαιθ, Γαλεμαθ, Αλαμωθ, etc.
2. n.pr.loc. (= עַלְמוֹן q.v.) 1 Ch 6:45 Baer Ginsb (van d. H. עַלֶּמֶת).

עָלַס

† [עָלַס] vb. rejoice (‖ with עָלַז, עָלַץ, q.v.; NH עֲלִיסָה rejoicing (once Levy^{NHWB iii. 657}));—
Qal Impf. 3 ms. יַעֲלֹס Jb 20:18 he shall not rejoice.
Niph. Pf. 3 fs. נֶעֱלָסָה Jb 39:13 (of ostrich’s wing) = flap joyously.
Hithp. Impf. 1 pl. cohort. נִתְעַלְּסָה Pr 7:18 let us delight ourselves in (ב) love.

עָלַע

† [עָלַע] vb. assumed as √ of
Pi. Impf. 3 mpl. יְעַלְעוּ־דָ֑ם Jb 39:30 they drink(?) blood, but read prob. יְלַעְלְעוּ (√ I. לוּעַ) Thes Ol De Me Di al..

עָלַף

† [עָלַף] vb. cover (NH id., cover, faint; Arabic غَلَفَ smear, ii. cover, غِلَافٌ sheath; Assyrian elpitu, pining, exhaustion);—
Pu. Pt. f. covered, encrusted, cstr. מְעֻלֶּפֶת Ct 5:14 his belly of ivory encrusted with sapphires. Pf. 3 pl. בָּנַיִךְ עֻלְּפוּ Is 51:20 thy sons are enshrouded, enwrapped, i.e. their senses obscured = have swooned away; so also Ez 31:15, reading 3 fs. עֻלָּ֑פָה for subst. עֻלְפֶּה (Kö^{ii. 1, 113}), all the trees have fainted for (עַל) him (so 𝔊 𝔖 𝔙 Hi Co al.).
Hithp. enwrap oneself, Impf. 3 fs. וַתִּתְעַלָּ֑ף Gn 38:14 (J); = swoon away, 3 ms. וַיִּתְעַלָּ֑ף Jon 4:8; 3 fpl. תִּתְעַלַּפְנָה Am 8:13.

עֻלְפֶּה

עֻלְפֶּה Ez 31:15 v. foregoing.

עָלַץ

† עָלַץ vb. rejoice, exult (NH id. (rare); Hiph. Impf. יעליצו Ecclus 4:20; Assyrian elêṣu, exult; Sab. מעלץ joys CIS ^{iv, No. 197, 1. 5. 7}; v. also עלז, עלס);—
Qal Pf. 3 ms. ע׳ לִבִּ׳ בְּי׳ 1 S 2:1 my heart exulteth in י׳; Impf. 3 ms. יַעֲלֹץ הַשָּׂדֶה 1 Ch 16:32 the field exulteth; cf. 3 fs. תַּעֲלֹץ קִרְיָה Pr 11:10 (‖ רנן); 1 s. אֶעֶלְצָה בָּ֑ךְ ψ 9:3 (i.e. in י׳; + שׂמה, ‖ זמּר); 3 mpl. יַעְלְצוּ בְךָ ψ 5:12 (in י׳; ‖ שׂמח, רנן); יַעַלְצוּ לִפְנֵי אֱלֹהִים 68:4 (+ שׂמח, ‖ שׂישׂ); + לִי 25:2 exult at me; Inf. cstr. בַּעֲלֹץ Pr 28:12 when the righteous exult.