Matthew Henry's Complete Bible Commentary

Genesis 17

This chapter contains articles of agreement covenanted and concluded upon between the great Jehovah, the Father of mercies, on the one part, and pious Abram, the father of the faithful, on the other part. Abram is therefore called “the friend of God,” not only because he was the man of his counsel, but because he was the man of his covenant; both these secrets were with him. Mention was made of this covenant (Genesis 15:18), but here it is particularly drawn up, and put into the form of a covenant, that Abram might have strong consolation. Here are, I. The circumstances of the making of this covenant, the time and manner (Genesis 17:1), and the posture Abram was in, Genesis 17:3. II. The covenant itself. In the general scope of it, Genesis 17:1. And, afterwards, in the particular instances. 1. That he should be the father of many nations (Genesis 17:4, 17:6), and, in token of this, his name was changed, Genesis 17:5. 2. That God would be a God to him and his seed, and would give them the land of Canaan, Genesis 17:7, 17:8. And the seal of this part of the covenant was circumcision, Genesis 17:9-17:14. 3. That he should have a son by Sarai, and, in token thereof, her name was changed, Genesis 17:15, 17:16. This promise Abram received, Genesis 17:17. And his request for Ishmael, (Genesis 17:18) was answered, abundantly to his satisfaction, Genesis 17:19-17:22. III. The circumcision of Abram and his family, according to God’s appointment, Genesis 17:23-17:27 MHBCC 18.1