The Autobiography of Elder Joseph Bates

Chapter 27

Midnight Cry-First Angel’s Message-The Ten Virgins-Second Disappointment-Three Angel’s Messages-The Sabbath-Progress of the Work-Conclusion

THE first work of the Advent body in their disappointment was to re-examine the 2300 days of Daniel’s vision. But they were unable to discover any error in their calculation. It was still evident and clear that it required every day of 457 years before Christ, and also every day of 1843 years after Christ to complete the 2300 years of the vision, on which the Advent movement started from 1840. It was also clear that the year must correspond and terminate with the Jewish sacred year. AJB 295.1

At this important crisis, the “Advent Shield,” was published, reviewing all the past movement, especially the prophetic periods, showing that we had followed them down correctly. We quote from Vol.i, No.1, p.87. AJB 295.2

“We look upon the proclamation which has been made, as being the cry of the angel who proclaimed, ‘The hour of his judgment is come.’ (Revelation 14:6, 7.) It is the sound which is to reach all nations; it is the proclamation of the everlasting gospel. In one shape or other this cry has gone abroad through the earth, wherever human beings are found, and we have had opportunity to hear of the fact.” AJB 295.3

“Joseph Wolfe, D.D., according to his journals, between the years 1821 and 1845, proclaimed the Lord’s speedy advent, in Palestine, Egypt, Mesopotamia, Persia, Georgia, throughout the Ottoman empire, in Greece, Arabia, Turkistan, Hindostan, in Holland, Scotland and Ireland, at Constantinople, Jerusalem, St. Helena, and in New York city to all denominations,” etc.–Voice of the Church, pp. 343, 344. AJB 296.1

From the foregoing historical facts, the unbiased reader will not fail to see with what wonderful speed the glorious doctrine of the second advent of our Lord and Saviour spread throughout the whole habitable globe, and then ceased as suddenly, with those who were proclaiming it, as daylight with the setting sun. Those who were engaged in this most solemn work were some of the honest and faithful from all the churches. Said the “Advent Shield,” p.92: AJB 296.2

“No cause of a moral or religious character, probably ever made such rapid advances as the cause of Adventism. Its votaries have been the most humble, pious, devoted members of the different churches.... Never have a set of men labored more faithfully and zealously in the cause of God, or with purer motives. Their record is on high.” AJB 296.3

While in this tarrying, waiting position, searching and praying for light on the track of prophecy, it was further seen that our Lord had given the parable of the ten virgins to illustrate the Advent movement. In answer to the question, “What shall be a sign of thy coming and of the end of the world?” (Matthew 24:3,) our Lord pointed out some of the most important events with which the Christian church was to be connected from the time of his first to his second advent, such as the destruction of Jerusalem in A.D. 70, following which was the great tribulation of the Christian church for more than sixteen hundred years, under Pagan and Papal Rome. Then the darkening of the sun in 1780, and the falling stars in 1833. From thence the proclamation of his second coming in his kingdom, closing with a description of two classes of Adventists. And “then shall the kingdom of Heaven be likened unto ten virgins,” (Matthew 25:1-13,) “which took their lamps and went forth to meet the bridegroom,” etc. The words “kingdom of Heaven” undoubtedly refer to the same portion of the living church which he was pointing out in chapter 24:45-51, who continue in their history with the same proclamation of his second coming. And all the way to verse 13, in every important move they make, their history is likened, or compared to the history of the ten virgins in the parable, namely, “tarry of the vision,” “tarry of the bridegroom,” midnight cry, “Behold the bridegroom cometh,” etc. AJB 296.4

Soon after the tarry of the vision of 2300 days, the second angel’s message began to be proclaimed. See Revelation 14:8. While moving on in this message into the summer of 1844, the definite time for the close of the vision began to be taught. But the leading ministers opposed. A camp-meeting was appointed to convene in Exeter, N. H., on the 12th of August. On my way there in the cars, something like the following was several times very forcibly presented to my mind: “You are going to have new light here! something that will give a new impetus to the work.” On my arrival there, I passed around among the many tents to learn if there was any new light. I was asked if I was going to the Exeter tent, and was told that they had new light there. I was soon seated among them, listening to what they called “the midnight cry.” This was new light, sure enough. It was the very next move in Advent history, (if we moved at all,) wherein Advent history could be fitly compared to that of the ten virgins in the parable. Verse 6. It worked like leaven throughout the whole camp. And when that meeting closed, the granite hills of New Hampshire were ringing with the mighty cry, “Behold the bridegroom cometh; go ye out to meet him.” As the loaded wagons, stages, and railroad cars, rolled away through the different States, cities and villages of New England, the cry was still resounding, “Behold the bridegroom cometh!” Christ, our blessed Lord, is coming on the tenth day of the seventh month! Get ready! get ready!! AJB 297.1

After an absence of five days, I returned home to Fairhaven in season for an evening meeting. My brethren were slow to believe our report respecting the new light. They believed they were right thus far, but the midnight cry was a strange doctrine to connect with Advent history. Sunday morning I attended the Advent meeting in New Bedford, some two miles distant. Bro. Hutchinson, from Canada, was preaching. He appeared much confused, and sat down, saying, “I can’t preach.” Eld. E. Macomber, who had returned with me from the camp-meeting, was in the desk with him. He arose, apparently much excited, saying, “Oh! I wish I could tell you what I have seen and heard, but I cannot,” and down he sat also. I then arose from my seat in the congregation, saying, “I can!” and never do I remember of having such freedom and flow of words, in all my religious experience. Words came like flowing water. As I sat down, a sister came to me across the hall saying, “Bro. Bates, I want you to preach that same discourse to us this afternoon.” Bro. Hutchinson was now relieved from all his stammering, and said, “If what Bro. Bates has said is true, I don’t wonder he thought my preaching was like carpenter’s chips,” etc. When the meeting closed the next evening, stammering tongues were loosed and the cry was sounding, “Behold the bridegroom cometh; go ye out to meet him!” Arrangements were quickly made for meetings, to spread the glad tidings all around. AJB 298.1

On the 22nd of August, S.S.Snow issued a paper called the “Midnight Cry,” setting forth all the points in the types, with the calculations showing that the definite time for the ending of the vision of 2300 days would be on the tenth day of the seventh month, 1844. Following this, at a camp-meeting in Pawtucket, R.I., Elder J.V. Himes, and several of the leading Advent ministers, pressed their objections respecting the genuineness of the midnight cry. But before the meeting closed they were returning to their stations, and a few days after, the “Advent Herald” was heralding their confessions, and how all their objections were removed, and their faith in the cry steadfast and unwavering. AJB 299.1

We have not space here to present the arguments by which the midnight cry was sustained, but so convincing and powerful were they that all opposition was swept before them, and with amazing rapidity the sound was heralded throughout the land, and the poor, discouraged souls who had “slumbered and slept” while the Bridegroom tarried,” were awakened from their apathy and discouragement, and “arose and trimmed their lamps” to go forth and “meet the Bridegroom.” AJB 299.2

All hearts were united in the work, and all seemed in earnest to make a thorough preparation for the coming of Christ, which they believed to be so near. Thousands were running to and fro, giving the cry, and scattering books and papers containing the message. AJB 300.1

But another sad disappointment awaited the watching ones. Shortly before the definite day the traveling brethren returned to their homes, the papers were suspended, and all were waiting in ardent expectation for the coming of their Lord and Saviour. The day passed, and another twenty-four hours followed, but deliverance did not come. Hope sunk and courage died within them, for so confident had they been in the correctness of the calculations that they could find no encouragement in a re-examination of the time, for nothing could be brought to extend the days beyond the tenth day of the seventh month, 1844, nor has there been to this day, notwithstanding the many efforts of those who are continually fixing upon some definite time for the coming of Christ. AJB 300.2

The effect of this disappointment can be realized only by those who experienced it. Advent believers were then thoroughly tested, with various results. Some turned away and gave it up, while a large majority continued to teach and urge that the days had ended, and that duty would soon be made plain. All, excepting this latter class, virtually rejected their former experience, and in consequence were left in darkness relative to the true work for the Advent people now to engage in. AJB 300.3

Those who believed that the time was right, and had really passed, now turned their attention to the examination of their position. It soon became apparent that the mistake was not in the time, but in the event to take place at the end of the period. The prophecy declared, “Unto two thousand and three hundred days, then shall the sanctuary be cleansed.” We had been teaching that the sanctuary was the earth, and that its cleansing was its purification by fire at the second advent of Christ. In this was our mistake, for, upon a careful examination, we were unable to discover anything in the Bible to sustain such a position. Light begun to shine upon the word of God as never before, and by its aid a clear and well-defined position was obtained on the subject of the sanctuary and its cleansing, by means of which we were enabled to satisfactorily explain the passing of the time, and the disappointment following, to the great encouragement of those who held fast to the message as being of God. The nature of this work forbids an examination of that position in these pages, but we refer the reader to a work entitled, “Sanctuary and Twenty-three Hundred Days,” published at the Review Office, Battle Creek, Mich. AJB 300.4

We were also greatly cheered and strengthened by the light which we received on the subject of the three angels’ messages of Revelation 14:6-12. We fully believed that we had been giving the first of these-“Fear God and give glory to him; for the hour of his judgement is come;”-that the proclamation of definite time, that mighty movement which roused the world, and created such a general and wide-spread interest in the advent doctrine, was a complete and perfect fulfillment of that message. After the passing of the time, our eyes were opened to the fact that two other messages followed, before the coming of Christ: the second angel announcing the fall of Babylon, and the third giving a most solemn warning against false worship, and presenting the commandments of God and the faith of Jesus. AJB 301.1

In close connection with the giving of the first message, we became convinced that the fall of Babylon indicated the moral fall from the favor of God of the nominal churches which rejected the light from Heaven, and shut out from their places of worship and from their hearts the doctrine of the advent, because they had no love for it, and did not desire it to be true. AJB 302.1

The first and second messages being given, attention was now turned to the third, and an examination as to its nature and claims was instituted. As before remarked, it contains a most solemn warning against the worship of the beast and his image, and presents to notice the commandments of God and the faith of Jesus. By the expression, “commandments of God,” we understand the moral law of ten commandments, which has been recognized by the church in all ages as binding upon mankind, and containing those moral precepts which regulate our duty to God and to our fellow-men. This being made the burden of a special message just before the coming of Christ, coupled with such a solemn warning, renders it apparent that the church must be remiss in the matter, and that some gross error in regard to the commandments of God must lie at their door. AJB 302.2

A careful examination of the practice of the church reveals the fact that the fourth commandment is not observed-as it enjoins the seventh day of the week as the Sabbath, while almost all the world have been keeping the first day. Hence, the necessity of a reform in this matter. Before Christ comes his people must observe all of God’s commandments, and thus be prepared for translation. AJB 302.3

An investigation of the claims of the Sabbath brings to view the following facts: AJB 303.1

1. God in the beginning sanctified the seventh day, and no other, as the holy Sabbath, because that in it he had rested. AJB 303.2

2. Having sanctified it, he commanded man to remember it and keep it holy. AJB 303.3

3. We find no record of his ever having removed the sanctity from that day, or that he ever transferred his blessing from the seventh to the first day of the week. AJB 303.4

4. We find no intimation in the Bible that man was ever released from the obligation to sacredly observe the day on which God rested. AJB 303.5

5. Our Saviour, in his example and teachings, recognized the claims of the Sabbath, and declared that it “was made for man.” AJB 303.6

6. The disciples and apostles observed the day, by holding meetings and preaching upon it, calling it “the Sabbath,” and recognizing it as the day for Christian worship. AJB 303.7

7. The New Testament uniformly speaks of the seventh day as “the Sabbath,” while the first day is never once honored by that title. AJB 303.8

8. The term, “first day of the week,” occurs eight times in the New Testament, and never in connection with any intimation that it is to be kept holy, or observed as a rest day. AJB 303.9

9. Leaving the Scriptures, we find by reliable history that the early church observed the seventh day as the Sabbath, until, corrupted by the apostasy, the first day of the week began to be observed, in compliance with the customs of the heathen world, who observed Sunday in honor of their chief god, the sun. AJB 303.10

10. The first definite commandment ever given by a law-making power for the observance of Sunday, was the edict of Constantine, a pagan ruler, who professed conversion to Christianity, and issued his famous Sunday law, A.D. 321. AJB 304.1

11. The Roman Catholic Church adopted the Sunday institution, and enforced it upon her followers by pretended authority from Heaven, until its observance became almost universal; and Protestants, in renouncing the errors of the Romish church, have not entirely rid themselves of her unscriptural dogmas, as evinced by the general observance of Sunday. AJB 304.2

In the light of the above facts, the message of the third angel assumes an importance entitling it to the serious and candid attention of all Bible believers, and especially of those who profess to be making a preparation to meet the Lord at his coming. And as they were presented to the attention of those who had been giving the two former messages, those who were moving in the counsel of God, and recognized his hand in the work thus far, and in the disappointment being of itself a fulfillment of prophecy, gladly embraced the truth, and commenced keeping the Sabbath of the Lord. Although at first the light on this subject was not one-tenth part as clear as it is at the present time, the humble children of God were ready to receive and walk in it. AJB 304.3

From that time, the progress of the work has been steadily onward. Rising in comparative obscurity, rejected by many who gladly embraced the first and second messages, presented at first by but few preachers, struggling along in want and poverty, contending with the opposition of many and the prejudices of all, it has gradually and steadily worked its way upward, under the blessing of God, until it now stands on a firm foundation, presenting a connected chain of argument and a bold front of truth, which commend it to the consideration of the candid and thoughtful wherever the message is preached. AJB 304.4

It is now twenty-three years since we commenced keeping the Sabbath of the Lord, since which time we have endeavored to teach it to others, both in private and by public labors, by the fireside and from the sacred desk. We have presented this and kindred truths in New England, many of the Western States, and the Canadas, and our labors have been blessed by seeing scores and hundreds turn from the traditions of men to the observance of all of God’s commandments. AJB 305.1

By the untiring efforts of our esteemed brother, Eld. James White, and his companion, who were pioneers in this work, there is now established in the city of Battle Creek, Mich., a well-furnished Office of Publication, owned and controlled by the “Seventh-day Adventist Publishing Association,” a corporate body engaged in the publication of this message. The Association employs two power presses in carrying on its business, and issues “The Advent Review and Sabbath Herald,” weekly, “The Youth’s Instructor,” monthly, “The Health Reformer,” monthly, and a large assortment of books and tracts on various Bible subjects. AJB 305.2

In closing this work, I desire to express my gratitude to God that I am permitted to bear a humble part in this great work; and while my past life has been a checkered and eventful one, it is my earnest desire to spend the remainder of my days in the service of God, and for the advancement of his truth, that I may have a place in his soon-coming kingdom. And that reader and writer may meet in that happy abode, is my most earnest prayer. AJB 305.3

Sketch of fountain. AJB 306.1

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